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225:(ISOs) in the United States such as the California ISO and Midcontinent ISO use interconnection request queues to allow developers to propose a new generation for a specific given area and grid interconnection. These request queues have both deposit costs at the time of request and ongoing costs for the studies the ISO will make for up to years after the request was submitted to ascertain the viability of the interconnection due to factors such as ATC. Larger corporations who can afford to bid the most queues will most likely have market power as to which sites with the most resource and opportunity are eventually developed. After the deadline to request a place in the queue has passed, many firms will withdraw their requests after gauging the competition in order to make back some of the deposit for each request that is determined too risky in comparison to other larger firms' requests.
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regions of Sindh and
Balochistan. The Zorlu Energy Putin Power Plant is the first wind power plant in Pakistan. The wind farm is being developed in Jhimpir, by Zorlu Energy Pakistan the local subsidiary of a Turkish company. The total cost of the project is $ 136 million. Completed in 2012, it has a total capacity of around 56MW. Fauji Fertilizer Company Energy Limited, has built a 49.5 MW wind Energy Farm at Jhimpir. Contract of supply of mechanical design was awarded to Nordex and Descon Engineering Limited. Nordex is a German wind turbine manufacturer. In the end of 2011 49.6 MW was expected to be completed. The Pakistani government also issued a Letter Of Interest in a 100 MW Wind power plant to FFCEL. The Pakistani government had plans to achieve electric power generation of up to 2500 MW by the end of 2015 from wind energy to bring down an energy shortage.
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further integration of two interconnected areas without significant upgrades to existing transmission lines and substations. Significant equipment upgrades have substantial costs, potentially undermining the viability of a project within a location, regardless of wind resource availability. Once a list of capable areas is constructed, the list is refined based on long term wind measurements, among other environmental or technical limiting factors such as proximity to load and land procurement.
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2237:. The large, rapidly moving blades of the turbines can return signals to the radar that can be mistaken as an aircraft or weather pattern. Actual aircraft and weather patterns around wind farms can be accurately detected, as there is no fundamental physical constraint preventing that, but aging radar infrastructure is significantly challenged with the task. The US military is using wind turbines on some bases, including
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metres (135 ft) long blades, with a rotor diameter of 82 metres (269 ft) and a wind swept area of 5,281 square metres (56,840 sq ft). Phase II was completed in August 2008, and added 5 more wind turbines with the same capacity, and brought the total capacity to 33 MW. All 20 turbines describes a graceful arc reflecting the shoreline of Bangui Bay.
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increases the costs of roads and power cables, and raises the amount of land needed to install a specific capacity of turbines. As a result of these factors, turbine spacing varies by site. Generally speaking, manufacturers require a minimum of 3.5 times the turbine's rotor diameter of clear space between each adjacent turbine's respective spatial envelope.
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2105:) may be implemented to limit the impact. The land between the turbines and access roads can still be used for farming and grazing. They can lead to "industrialization of the countryside". Some wind farms are opposed for potentially spoiling protected scenic areas, archaeological landscapes and heritage sites. A report by the
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blade tips can be moving at nearly aircraft velocity. Studies are currently being performed to determine the level of this interference and will be used in future site planning. Issues include masking (shadowing), clutter (noise), and signal alteration. Radar issues have stalled as much as 10,000 MW of projects in the USA.
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Habitat loss and fragmentation are the greatest potential impacts on wildlife of onshore wind farms, but they are small and can be mitigated if proper monitoring and mitigation strategies are implemented. The worldwide ecological impact is minimal. Thousands of birds and bats, including rare species,
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Pakistan has wind corridors in
Jhimpir, Gharo and Keti Bundar in Sindh province and is currently developing wind power plants in Jhimpir and Mirpur Sakro (District Thatta). The government of Pakistan decided to develop wind power energy sources due to problems supplying energy to the southern coastal
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Morocco has undertaken a vast wind energy program, to support the development of renewable energy and energy efficiency in the country. The
Moroccan Integrated Wind Energy Project, spanning over a period of 10 years with a total investment estimated at $ 3.25 billion, will enable the country to bring
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had a total installed wind capacity of 93,957 MW. Germany had the third-largest capacity in the world (after China and the United States), with an installed capacity of 29,060 MW at the end of 2011. Spain had 21,674 MW, and Italy and France each had between 6,000 and 7,000 MW. By
January 2014, the UK
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for lifting components, but few can lift sizes above 5 MW. Service vessels have to be operated nearly 24/7 (availability higher than 80% of time) to get sufficient amortisation from the wind turbines. Therefore, special fast service vehicles for installation (like Wind
Turbine Shuttle) as well as for
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approximately 20 km from shore and over 400 MW in size. Other
Canadian projects include one on the Pacific west coast. In 2010, there were no offshore wind farms in the United States, but projects were under development in wind-rich areas of the East Coast, Great Lakes, and Pacific coast; and in
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Often in heavily saturated energy markets, the first step in site selection for large-scale wind projects, before wind resource data collection, is finding areas with adequate available transfer capability (ATC). ATC is the measure of the remaining capacity in a transmission system available for
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The wind blows faster at higher altitudes because of the reduced influence of drag. The increase in velocity with altitude is most dramatic near the surface and is affected by topography, surface roughness, and upwind obstacles such as trees or buildings. At altitudes of thousands of feet/hundreds of
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Wind turbines also generate noise. At a distance of 300 metres (980 ft) this may be around 45 dB, which is slightly louder than a refrigerator. At 1.5 km (1 mi) distance they become inaudible. There are anecdotal reports of negative health effects on people who live very close to
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In July 2022 Brazil reached 22 GW of installed wind power in about 750 wind farms In 2021 Brazil was the 7th country in the world in terms of installed wind power (21 GW), and the 4th largest producer of wind energy in the world (72 TWh), behind China, USA and
Germany. The largest wind farm in the
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wind data alone is usually not sufficient for accurate siting of a large wind power project. Collection of site specific data for wind speed and direction is crucial to determining site potential in order to finance the project. Local winds are often monitored for a year or more, detailed wind maps
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states that although the symptoms are real for those who suffer from the condition, doctors need to first eliminate known causes (such as pre-existing cancers or thyroid disease) before reaching definitive conclusions with the caveat that new technologies often bring new, previously unknown health
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Currently four wind farms are operational (Fauji
Fertilizer 49.5 MW (subsidiary of Fauji Foundation), Three Gorges 49.5 MW, Zorlu Energy Pakistan 56 MW, Sapphire Wind Power Company Limited 52.6 MW) and six are under construction phase ( Master Wind Energy Limited 52.6 MW, Sachal Energy Development
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being installed in
Denmark in 1991. As of 2010, there were 39 offshore wind farms in waters off Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Ireland, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and the United Kingdom, with a combined operating capacity of 2,396 MW. More than 100 GW (or 100,000 MW) of offshore projects
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The faster the average wind speed, the more electricity the wind turbine will generate, so faster winds are generally economically better for wind farm developments. The balancing factor is that strong gusts and high turbulence require stronger more expensive turbines, otherwise there is a risk of
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crops in the central areas of the United States noted that the microclimate generated by wind turbines improves crops as it prevents the late spring and early autumn frosts, and also reduces the action of pathogenic fungi that grow on the leaves. Even at the height of summer heat, the lowering of
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The level of interference is a function of the signal processors used within the radar, the speed of the aircraft and the relative orientation of wind turbines/aircraft with respect to the radar. An aircraft flying above the wind farm's turning blades could become impossible to detect because the
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Sri Lanka has received funding from the Asian
Development Bank amounting to $ 300 million to invest in renewable energies. From this funding as well as $ 80 million from the Sri Lankan Government and $ 60 million from France's Agence Française de Développement, Sri Lanka was expected to build two
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are known for their abundant wind resource capacity and capability for large-scale wind farms. These types of passes were the first places in the 1980s to have heavily invested large-scale wind farms after approval for wind energy development by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management. From these wind
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and some only had a lifetime of 10 to 20 years. Previously, there was no market for recycling these old blades, and they were commonly disposed of in landfills. Because blades are hollow, they take up a large volume compared to their mass. Since 2019, some landfill operators have begun requiring
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maintenance (including heave compensation and heave compensated working platforms to allow the service staff to enter the wind turbine also at difficult weather conditions) are required. So-called inertial and optical based Ship Stabilization and Motion Control systems (iSSMC) are used for that.
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Phase I of the NorthWind power project in Bangui Bay consists of 15 wind turbines, each capable of producing electricity up to a maximum capacity of 1.65 MW, for a total of 24.75 MW. The 15 on-shore turbines are spaced 326 metres (1,070 ft) apart, each 70 metres (230 ft) high, with 41
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and spacing requirements, wind farms typically need to be spread over more land than other power stations. Their network of turbines, access roads, transmission lines, and substations can result in "energy sprawl"; although land between the turbines and roads can still be used for agriculture.
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as the wind accelerates over a ridge. The additional wind speeds gained in this way can increase energy produced because more wind goes through the turbines. The exact position of each turbine matters, because a difference of 30 metres could potentially double output. This careful placement is
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A major factor in wind-farm design is the spacing between the turbines, both laterally and axially (with respect to the prevailing winds). The closer the turbines are together, the more the upwind turbines block wind from their rear neighbors (wake effect). However, spacing turbines far apart
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In a 2009 report about "Rural Wind Farms", a Standing Committee of the Parliament of New South Wales, Australia, recommended a minimum setback of two kilometres between wind turbines and neighboring houses (which can be waived by the affected neighbor) as a precautionary approach.
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Closer spacing is possible depending on the turbine model, the conditions at the site, and how the site will be operated. Airflows slow as they approach an obstacle, known as the 'blockage effect', reducing available wind power by 2% for the turbines in front of other turbines.
122:. Wind farms have, however, been criticised for their visual impact and impact on the landscape. Typically they need to be spread over more land than other power stations and need to be built in wild and rural areas, which can lead to "industrialization of the countryside",
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Offshore wind turbines are less obtrusive than turbines on land, as their apparent size and noise is mitigated by distance. Because water has less surface roughness than land (especially deeper water), the average wind speed is usually considerably higher over open water.
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In just five years, China leapfrogged the rest of the world in wind energy production, going from 2,599 MW of capacity in 2006 to 62,733 MW at the end of 2011. However, the rapid growth outpaced China's infrastructure and new construction slowed significantly in 2012.
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Wind farms consisting of diverse wind turbines have been proposed in order to efficiently use wider ranges of wind speeds. Such wind farms are proposed to be projected under two criteria: maximization of the energy produced by the farm and minimization of its costs.
6410:"Are wind farms a health risk? US scientist identifies 'wind turbine syndrome' – Noise and vibration coming from large turbines are behind an increase in heart disease, migraine, panic attacks and other health problems, according to research by an American doctor"
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Utility-scale wind farms must have access to transmission lines to transport energy. The wind farm developer may be obliged to install extra equipment or control systems in the wind farm to meet the technical standards set by the operator of a transmission line.
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In the Gharo wind corridor, two wind farms (Foundation Energy 1 & II each 49.5 MW) are operational while two wind farms Tenaga Generasi Limited 49.5 MW and HydroChina Dawood Power Pvt. Limited 49.5 are under construction and expected to achieve COD in 2017.
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generates a small proportion of the country's electricity. It has been estimated that Japan has the potential for 144 gigawatts (GW) for onshore wind and 608 GW of offshore wind capacity. As of 2023, the country had a total installed capacity of 5.2 GW.
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along with most major foreign wind turbine manufacturers. China also increased production of small-scale wind turbines to about 80,000 turbines (80 MW) in 2008. Through all these developments, the Chinese wind industry appeared unaffected by the
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By the end of 2008, at least 15 Chinese companies were commercially producing wind turbines and several dozen more were producing components. Turbine sizes of 1.5 MW to 3 MW became common. Leading wind power companies in China were
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Mountain passes are ideal locations for wind farms under these conditions. Mountain passes channel wind, blocked by mountains, through a tunnel like pass towards areas of lower pressure and flatter land. Passes used for wind farms like the
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farms, developers learned much about turbulence and crowding effects of large-scale wind projects, which were previously unresearched, in the U.S. due to the lack of operational wind farms large enough to conduct these types of studies.
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Location is critical to the overall success of a wind farm. Additional conditions contributing to a successful wind farm location include: wind conditions, access to electric transmission, physical access, and local electricity prices.
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have been killed by wind turbine blades, as around other manmade structures, though wind turbines are responsible for far fewer bird deaths than fossil-fuel infrastructure. This can be mitigated with proper wildlife monitoring.
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130:). Wind farms can interfere with radar, although in most cases, according to the US Department of Energy, "siting and other mitigations have resolved conflicts and allowed wind projects to co-exist effectively with radar".
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damage. The average power in the wind is not proportional to the average wind speed. For this reason, the ideal wind conditions would be strong but consistent winds with low turbulence coming from a single direction.
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A 2010 study found that in the immediate vicinity of wind farms, the climate is cooler during the day and slightly warmer during the night than the surrounding areas due to the turbulence generated by the blades.
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installed capacity was 10,495 MW. But energy production can be different from capacity – in 2010, Spain had the highest European wind power production with 43 TWh compared to Germany's 35 TWh. In addition to the '
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6557:"BUFFALO GAP WIND FARM, L.L.C., BUFFALO GAP WIND FARM 2, L.L.C., AND BUFFALO GAP WIND FARM 3, L.L.C.'S APPEAL AND COMPLAINT OF ERCOT'S DECISION AND ACTION REGARDING PRR 830 AND MOTION FOR SUSPENSION OF ACTION"
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There have been multiple scientific, peer-reviewed studies into wind farm noise, which have concluded that infrasound from wind farms is not a hazard to human health and there is no verifiable evidence for
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Loren D. Knopper, Christopher A. Ollson, Lindsay C. McCallum, Melissa L. Whitfield Aslund, Robert G. Berger, Kathleen Souweine, and Mary McDaniel, Wind Turbines and Human Health, . June 19, 2014; 2: 63.
2090:, unlike fossil fuel power sources. The energy consumed to manufacture and transport the materials used to build a wind power plant is equal to the new energy produced by the plant within a few months.
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There are also reports of negative effects on radio and television reception in wind farm communities. Potential solutions include predictive interference modelling as a component of site selection.
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Offshore windfarms, including floating windfarms, provide a small but growing fraction of total windfarm power generation. Such power generation capacity must grow substantially to help meet the
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The wind farm uses 20 units of 70-metre (230 ft) high Vestas V82 1.65 MW wind turbines, arranged on a single row stretching along a nine-kilometre shoreline off Bangui Bay, facing the
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turbine installations in hilly or mountainous regions tend to be on ridges generally three kilometres or more inland from the nearest shoreline. This is done to exploit the
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Growth in 2008 channeled some $ 17 billion into the economy, positioning wind power as one of the leading sources of new power generation in the country, along with
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the next low appears off the coast of Ireland. Therefore, while it is true that the wind is not blowing everywhere all of the time, it will tend to be blowing somewhere.
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Airborne wind farms have been envisaged. Such wind farms are a group of airborne wind energy systems located close to each other connected to the grid at the same point.
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Lema, Adrian & Ruby, K. "Towards a policy model for climate change mitigation: China's experience with wind power development and lessons for developing countries".
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Xydis, G.; Koroneos, C.; Loizidou, M. (2009). "Exergy analysis in a wind speed prognostic model as a wind farm sitting selection tool: a case study in Southern Greece".
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Because they require no fuel, wind farms have less impact on the environment than many other forms of power generation and are often referred to as a good source of
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as a key growth component of the country's economy. With its large land mass and long coastline, China has exceptional wind resources. Researchers from Harvard and
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The blades are composite, those are not recyclable, those can't be sold," Linowes said. "The landfills are going to be filled with blades in a matter of no time.
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According to a USAID report, Pakistan has the potential of producing 150,000 megawatts of wind energy, of which the Sindh corridor can produce 40,000 megawatts.
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manufacturer. In 2018, US wind power provided enough electricity to power approximately 25 million homes, avoiding the emissions of 200 million tons of carbon.
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Installation and service / maintenance of off-shore wind farms are a challenge for technology and economic operation of a wind farm. As of 2015, there are 20
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nature of wind power can pose complications for maintaining a stable power grid when wind farms provide a large percentage of electricity in any one region.
126:, and a drop in tourism. Some critics claim that wind farms have adverse health effects, but most researchers consider these claims to be pseudoscience (see
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Energiewende und Landschaftsästhetik. Versachlichung ästhetischer Bewertungen von Energieanlagen durch Bezugnahme auf drei intersubjektive Landschaftsideale
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U.S. wind power installed capacity in September 2019 exceeded 100,125 MW and supplies 6.94% of the nation's electricity. The majority of wind farms in the
84:. Wind farms vary in size from a small number of turbines to several hundred wind turbines covering an extensive area. Wind farms can be either onshore or
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As of 2018, government targets for wind power deployment were relatively low when compared to other countries, at 1.7% of electricity production by 2030.
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The Philippines has the first windfarm in Southeast Asia. Located in the northern part of the country's biggest island, Luzon, alongside the seashore of
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5313:"The animals don't care at all. We find cows and antelope napping in the shade of the turbines." – Mike Cadieux, site manager, Wyoming Wind Farm
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state (7253 MW). Wind power accounts nearly 8.5% of India's total installed power generation capacity, and it generates 1.6% of the country's power.
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permanent committee passed a law that requires the Chinese energy companies to purchase all the electricity produced by the renewable energy sector.
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Limited 49.5 MW, Yunus Energy Limited 49.5 MW, Gul Energy 49.5 MW, Metro Energy 49.5 MW, Tapal Energy) and were expected to achieve COD in 2017.
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India has the fifth largest installed wind power capacity in the world. As of 31 March 2014, the installed capacity of wind power was 21136.3
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The capacity of the world's first wind farm was 0.6 MW, produced by 20 wind turbines rated at 30 kilowatts each, installed on the shoulder of
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However wind farms are more resistant to military attack than thermal power plants as many missiles are needed to destroy them not just one.
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coastline. Eskom has constructed one small scale prototype windfarm at Klipheuwel in the Western Cape and another demonstrator site is near
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blades to be crushed before being landfilled. Blades manufactured in the 2020s are more likely to be designed to be completely recyclable.
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6527:"Wind farm syndrome and other imaginary ailments – Science cannot explain how wind turbines cause the illness known as wind farm syndrome"
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1974:. Wind projects completed in 2008 accounted for about 42% of the entire new power-producing capacity added in the U.S. during the year.
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have now both expressed concerns about environmental aspects of wind turbines, particularly the potential danger they impose for birds.
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Parisé, J.; Walker, T. R. (2017). "Industrial wind turbine post-construction bird and bat monitoring: A policy framework for Canada".
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Parisé, J.; Walker, T. R. (2017). "Industrial wind turbine post-construction bird and bat monitoring: A policy framework for Canada".
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generated by wind farms. In most locations the wind blows only part of the time, which means that there has to be back-up capacity of
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Guezuraga, Begoña; Zauner, Rudolf; Pölz, Werner (January 2012). "Life cycle assessment of two different 2 MW class wind turbines".
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to hide the turbines while still tracking aircraft over the wind farm, and a similar method mitigates the false returns. England's
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is using a short-term mitigation; to "blank" the turbines on the radar map with a software patch. Wind turbine blades using
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5770:"Predicted wind and solar energy expansion has minimal overlap with multiple conservation priorities across global regions"
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The Energy Footprint: How Oil, Natural Gas, and Wind Energy Affect Land for Biodiversity and the Flow of Ecosystem Services
5328:"Predicted wind and solar energy expansion has minimal overlap with multiple conservation priorities across global regions"
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1413:, with a capacity of 630 MW (the world's largest off-shore wind farm when built), other large wind farms in Europe include
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Experimental wind farms consisting of a single wind turbine for testing purposes have been built. One such installation is
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2281:. As well as stealth windfarms, the future development of infill radar systems could filter out the turbine interference.
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2.5–3 degrees above the crops due to turbulence caused by the blades can make a difference for the cultivation of corn.
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Many of the largest operational onshore wind farms are located in China, India, and the United States. For example, the
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Greenhouse gas emissions per energy source. Wind energy is one of the sources with the least greenhouse gas emissions.
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are constructed, along with rigorous grid capability studies conducted, before any wind generators are installed.
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Onshore (on-land) wind farms can have a significant visual impact and impact on the landscape. Due to a very low
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followed with 50 and 27 wind turbines with a capacity of 3 MW each for a Total of 150 MW and 81 MW respectively.
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4766:"Scotland's largest offshore windfarm starts producing electricity – and will power an enormous number of homes"
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capacity to cover periods that the wind is not blowing. To address this issue it has been proposed to create a "
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is the leading state in terms of wind energy accounting for nearly 40% of total energy production in 2019. The
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1991:, with 27,036 MW of capacity, has the most installed wind power capacity of any U.S. state, followed by
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to avoid flight within 1 nautical mile (1.9 km; 1.2 mi) at all altitudes from wind turbine farms.
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in Jordan was inaugurated in December 2015, and is the first large scale wind farm project in the region.
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4000:"Wind Farm Energy and Costs Optimization Algorithm under Uncertain Parameters of Wind Speed Distribution"
2998:"A ENEL GREEN POWER INAUGURA O PARQUE EÓLICO LAGOA DOS VENTOS, O MAIOR DA AMÉRICA DO SUL | Petronotícias"
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As of September 2015, a number of sizable wind farms have been constructed in South Africa mostly in the
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Conflicts arise especially in scenic and culturally-important landscapes. Siting restrictions (such as
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Summary of main conclusions reached in 25 reviews of the research literature on wind farms and health
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metres above sea level, the power in the wind decreases proportional to the decrease in air density.
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4624:"Spain becomes the first European wind energy producer after overcoming Germany for the first time"
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Map of available wind power over the United States. Colour codes indicate wind power density class.
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3697:"Borssele 3 and 4 – Blauwwind – Under Construction Offshore Wind Farm – Netherlands | 4C Offshore"
2573:"Turbulence Descriptors for Scaling Fatigue Loading Spectra of Wind Turbine Structural Components"
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in China is the largest wind farm in the world, with a target capacity of 20,000 MW by 2020.
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3019:"Dois novos parques eólicos no RN produzirão energia limpa e renovável para 242 mil residências"
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have been significant supporters of Australian wind farms, however the party's previous leader
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6484:"Possible psychological mechanisms for "wind turbine syndrome". On the windmills of your mind"
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coastline, in Scotland, it has 114 turbines that generate 1.1 gigawatts (GW) of electricity.
1311:
847:
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127:
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6428:
General Purpose Standing Committee No. 5, Parliament of New South Wales (16 December 2009).
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7187:
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5990:
5906:
5844:
5781:
5556:
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5339:
5209:
3636:
3197:"Modeling and Simulation of ICT Network Architecture for Cyber-Physical Wind Energy System"
2826:
2133:
1807:
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which was for some time the biggest wind farm in the world. The idea is that by the time a
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839:
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383:
261:
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5768:
Dunnett, Sebastian; Holland, Robert A.; Taylor, Gail; Eigenbrod, Felix (8 February 2022).
5326:
Dunnett, Sebastian; Holland, Robert A.; Taylor, Gail; Eigenbrod, Felix (8 February 2022).
5222:
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have found that China could meet all of their electricity demands from wind power by 2030.
8:
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the blockage effect of turbines deeper in the wind farm can even affect those in front it
2234:
1988:
1916:
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1569:
1535:
1512:
1487:, the world's deepest fixed-bottom wind farm, became operative. Located 26 miles off the
1453:
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778:
473:
424:
85:
6341:
5994:
5910:
5878:
Hosansky, David (1 April 2011). "Wind Power: Is wind energy good for the environment?".
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5785:
5718:
5433:
5343:
1890:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
48:
7322:
6371:
6203:
6178:
5895:"Quantifying the Effects of Energy Infrastructure on Bird Populations and Biodiversity"
5812:
5769:
5370:
5327:
3046:
2649:
2366:
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2102:
1992:
1982:
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7043:. TSR (grupo Tratamiento de Señal y Radiocomunicaciones de la UPV/EHU). Archived from
5529:
5527:
4269:"Release of global wind statistics: Wind Energy Powers Ahead Despite Economic Turmoil"
3264:"Assessing the wind field over the continental shelf as a resource for electric power"
2939:"The 11+ Biggest Wind Farms and Wind Power Constructions That Reduce Carbon Footprint"
2596:
Wind Energy – The Facts: A Guide to the Technology, Economics and Future of Wind Power
2213:
2018:
At the end of 2019, about 114,000 people were employed in the U.S. wind industry, and
1942:
103:
by 2012, with a goal of 20,000 MW by 2020. As of December 2020, the 1218 MW
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6029:"Sioux Falls landfill tightens rules after Iowa dumps dozens of wind turbine blades"
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2015:
is the largest wind farm in the U.S. in terms of the number of individual turbines.
7418:
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5365:
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4014:
3318:
3278:
2801:"Historic Wind Development in New England: The Age of PURPA Spawns the "Wind Farm""
2532:
2528:
1842:
100MW wind farms from 2017 due to be completed by late 2020 in northern Sri Lanka.
1830:
1598:
1586:
1176:
948:
816:
578:
277:
6002:
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4474:
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the installed capacity, from wind energy, from 280 MW in 2010 to 2000 MW in 2020.
7528:
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1488:
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832:
323:
273:
96:
53:
6647:
4715:
4511:"CN : China ranks third in worldwide wind energy – Alternative energy news"
3183:
2128:
wind turbines. Peer-reviewed research has generally not supported these claims.
7503:
7491:
7440:
6449:
5607:
5411:
5042:
4213:"Maior parque eólico do Brasil e América Latina será ampliado pela segunda vez"
4185:
3667:"Ørsted fully commissions Borssele 1 & 2 offshore wind farm in Netherlands"
3282:
3218:"China – Dabancheng Wind Farm now has a combined generating capacity of 500 MW"
2171:
A 2014 paper suggests that the 'Wind Turbine Syndrome' is mainly caused by the
1912:
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6849:
6609:
6502:
6483:
6479:
6359:
5960:
5926:
5803:
5361:
4435:
4372:"Oceans of Opportunity: Harnessing Europe's largest domestic energy resource"
3290:
2757:"Orsted Lowers Offshore Wind Output Forecasts, Warns of Industrywide Problem"
2230:
2087:
1960:
1922:
Most future wind farms in South Africa are earmarked for locations along the
1826:
449:
289:
6022:
6020:
5918:
5871:
5794:
5468:
5352:
3388:"Floating wind turbines could open up vast ocean tracts for renewable power"
1542:
819:
in the United Kingdom is the largest offshore wind farm in the world at 659
7513:
7274:
7212:
7114:
7018:
6511:
6367:
6256:
6212:
6179:"Health, Economy, and Environment: Sustainable Energy Choices for a Nation"
6033:
6010:
5934:
5864:
5821:
5692:"Department defends 500ft windfarm in protected Area of Outstanding Beauty"
5379:
3803:"London Array's own website announcement of commencement of offshore works"
3489:
3117:"Drilling Down: What Projects Made 2008 Such a Banner Year for Wind Power?"
2412:
2023:
1964:
1923:
1908:
1789:
1402:
1122:
994:
907:
824:
181:
123:
77:
7129:
6629:
5642:
5551:
5549:
4019:
3869:
2913:"Winds of change blow through China as spending on renewable energy soars"
1418:
1286:, onshore with a current capacity of 1,000 MW being expanded to 1,500 MW.
761:
7354:
6598:"'Energy war': Ukraine tries to protect electricity supply before winter"
6326:"How loud is the underwater noise from operating offshore wind turbines?"
6094:
6092:
6017:
5321:
5319:
3342:
2129:
1971:
1624:
1233:
1184:
1082:
1076:
1049:
1008:
972:
843:
185:
6666:
Wind turbine or airplane? New radar could cut through the signal clutter
3240:
2408:
Winds Of Change Blow Through China As Spending On Renewable Energy Soars
835:(utilisation rates) are considerably higher than for onshore locations.
7518:
7349:
7179:
7171:
6822:
Wind turbines and aviation interests – European experience and practice
6682:
6350:
6325:
6324:
Tougaard, Jakob; Hermannsen, Line; Madsen, Peter T. (1 November 2020).
5546:
5539:
4937:"Jordan News Agency (Petra) |King inaugurates Tafila Wind Farm Project"
3577:"China's largest offshore wind farm is now fully connected to the grid"
2695:
2361:
2288:
2175:
effect and other psychological mechanisms. Australian science magazine
2121:
2067:
1850:
1559:
1522:
1477:
1469:
1465:
1331:
875:
796:
177:
173:
81:
41:
6194:
6089:
5941:
5761:
5386:
5316:
4425:"China's Cleantech Landscape: The Renewable Energy Technology Paradox"
4043:"Bob Brown rebukes Tasmanian windfarm project as the new Franklin dam"
2051:
1934:
in Port Elisabeth, was developed by the Belgian company Electrawinds.
1572:
announced plans to install up to 45 GW of offshore wind power by 2040.
269:, the largest onshore wind farm in the UK and second-largest in Europe
115:, resulting in fewer turbines being needed for the same total output.
7359:
6727:"DHS asks Raytheon to study impact of wind turbines on radar systems"
6062:"Retiring worn-out wind turbines could cost billions that nobody has"
4189:
2371:
2055:
2019:
1581:
1518:
1504:
1461:
1341:
1260:
7119:
2416:, 19 March 2012, revised on 20 March 2012. Retrieved 4 January 2012.
2342:
1977:
1723:
1637:
7425:
7224:
5664:"Permission to build five turbine wind farm at Kilranelagh refused"
5627:
5592:
4919:"Japan plans to install up to 45 GW of offshore wind power by 2040"
3411:"Slik utstyres de norske skipene for å takle nye gigant-vindmøller"
2720:"Business Practice Manual for Generator Interconnection Procedures"
2392:
Wind Power Plants: Fundamentals, Design, Construction and Operation
2278:
2226:
1811:
1432:
1355:
1346:
1327:
898:
820:
309:
100:
6944:"Military radar deal paves way for more wind farms across Britain"
6846:
Newcastle airport radar develops fix for wind turbine interference
6585:
Power-eng.com: "Intermitten dinw problems and a possible solution"
4137:
1330:(GW) of electricity generating capacity, and China has identified
1283:
7435:
7412:
7407:
6967:"Chapter 4. Air Traffic Control. Section 5. Surveillance Systems"
6928:
6881:
6792:"Air Force: Cape Wind farm would have no impact on radar station"
6261:
5949:"Wind turbines are friendlier to birds than oil-and-gas drilling"
5506:
Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment
5480:
Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment
3372:
2327:
2298:
advises aircraft without position-reporting technologies such as
2110:
1426:
1363:
1157:
965:
631:
7569:
3429:"DONG Tables Hornsea Project One Offshore Construction Schedule"
1468:
to Ireland, and further south to France and Spain especially in
1326:
At the end of 2009, wind power in China accounted for 25.1
1282:
country is the Complexo eólico Lagoa dos Ventos in the State of
1031:
134 × (seven different models from four domestic manufacturers)
7450:
7445:
7430:
7317:
6288:"Wind Turbine Sound and Health Effects: An Expert Panel Review"
4886:
4780:"Scotland's biggest offshore wind farm to generate first power"
4123:"Brasil atinge 21 GW de capacidade instalada de energia eólica"
2431:
2172:
1590:
676:
496:
464:
210:
6863:
QinetiQ and Vestas test 'stealth technology' for wind turbines
4246:
2277:
are being developed to mitigate radar reflection problems for
2082:
than for the average unit of electricity, so wind power helps
7140:
6994:"Town Councilor regrets High Sheldon Wind Farm (Sheldon, NY)"
5767:
5325:
4470:
2698:"Available Transfer Capability Definitions and Determination"
2620:
2323:
2222:
1817:
Two other wind farms were built outside of Ilocos Norte, the
1026:
736:
539:
524:
481:
432:
348:
331:
4686:"ČEZ says its wind farm in Romania is the biggest in Europe"
4630:. 11 April 2011. Archived from the original on 27 April 2011
3485:"World's largest offshore windfarm opens off Cumbrian coast"
2257:
Some very long range radars are not affected by wind farms.
2136:, but in operation offshore wind is much quieter than ships.
812:
set a target of 40 GW installed by 2020 and 150 GW by 2030.
7130:
4C Offshore's Global Wind Farm Interactive Map and Database
6886:
6777:
4378:
4346:"Wind power becomes Europe's fastest growing energy source"
4242:
3747:"Seajacks, Van Oord to Install East Anglia ONE Foundations"
3163:"The Largest Wind Farm in Europe Goes into Trial Operation"
2803:. U.S. Department of Energy. 9 October 2008. Archived from
2735:"Studies, Study Results, & Project Cost Responsibility"
2464:
2113:
in areas known for natural landscapes and panoramic views.
2000:
3607:"Largest Offshore Wind Farm in China Fully Grid Connected"
3722:"Borssele III and IV Offshore Wind Farm, the Netherlands"
3459:"World's Largest Offshore Wind Farm Fully Up and Running"
2472:"World's largest offshore wind farm fully up and running"
2419:
1967:, with slow expansion into other regions of the country.
1550:, one of the largest wind farms in Japan with 33 turbines
6323:
6134:. GE Reports (2 August 2014). Retrieved on 20 July 2016.
4876:"GE Says Japan Has More Potential to Harness Wind Power"
4567:. Global Wind energy council. March 2010. Archived from
2011:
is the nation's largest wind farm in terms of capacity.
1930:
with phase 1 completed. The first commercial wind farm,
5465:, in: Naturschutz und Landschaftsplanung 46 (1): 10–16.
3517:"Triton Knoll reaches turbine commissioning completion"
2890:
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.
2827:"Wind Energy Center Alumni and the Early Wind Industry"
1204:
4845:"Ministry of New and Renewable Energy – Achievements"
2427:
In Pictures: The World's Biggest Green Energy Projects
2217:
Wind farm interference (in yellow circle) on radar map
2029:
7105:
Map of best places for Wind Turbines around the world
7104:
7041:"IMPACT OF WIND FARMS ON RADIOCOMMUNICATION SERVICES"
5719:"Building wind farms 'could destroy Welsh landscape'"
5533:
Nathan F. Jones, Liba Pejchar, Joseph M. Kiesecker. "
5066:"Belgium company plans R1,2bn Eastern Cape wind farm"
3949:
Zaken, Ministerie van Economische (27 January 2017).
3892:"Kriegers Flak Offshore Wind Farm – Power Technology"
3451:
2518:
2402:
2400:
5650:
Wind Power in Europe: Politics, Business and Society
5502:"What are the pros and cons of onshore wind energy?"
5476:"What are the pros and cons of onshore wind energy?"
2779:"Will wind-wake slow industry's ambitions offshore?"
2338:
5417:
2438:
1593:, is the first large scale wind farm in the region.
803:Europe is the leader in offshore wind energy, with
6878:'Stealth' wind turbine blade may end radar problem
6630:Wind farm interference showing up on Doppler radar
6145:
5080:
4184:
3777:"East Anglia One Now Officially Fully Operational"
3726:Power Technology | Energy News and Market Analysis
2621:"WINData LLC – Wind energy engineering since 1991"
2447:"Gansu Wind Farm – The World's Biggest Wind Farms"
2397:
196:
7059:Impacts of wind farms on surface air temperatures
6477:
6100:"These bike shelters are made from wind turbines"
5626:. British Wind Energy Association. Archived from
5591:. British Wind Energy Association. Archived from
5035:
4125:(in Brazilian Portuguese). Valor. 21 January 2022
3379:
808:are proposed or under development in Europe. The
213:, United States with a turbine under construction
7630:
6330:The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
5057:
3319:Offshore wind development hits a snag in Ontario
1429:, Scotland which has a total capacity of 539 MW.
7063:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
6907:, 2 November 2009. Retrieved 22 September 2010.
6889:, 27 January 2010. Retrieved 22 September 2010.
6868:, 26 October 2009. Retrieved 22 September 2010.
6308:"The Underwater Sound from Offshore Wind Farms"
5774:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
5332:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
2498:"WINDExchange: Wind Turbine Radar Interference"
2305:
6853:, 17 November 2010. Retrieved 9 February 2011.
6708:MCLB Barstow wind turbine a Marine Corps first
6673:, 3 September 2010. Retrieved 9 February 2011.
5543:, Volume 65, Issue 3, March 2015. pp. 290–301.
5151:
5149:
5017:"ADB grants $ 300 m to boost renewable energy"
4894:"Japan behind on wind power | The Japan Times"
4739:
4464:"Renewables Global Status Report: 2009 Update"
3261:
2892:"CDM: Gansu Guazhou 300 MW Wind Power Project"
2512:
2064:environmental impact of electricity generation
1444:An important limiting factor of wind power is
1315:The Pubnico Wind Farm taken from Beach Point,
842:is pursuing several proposed locations in the
111:. Individual wind turbine designs continue to
7156:
6781:, 9 February 2010. Retrieved 9 February 2011.
5251:Annual Wind Industry Report, Year Ending 2008
5174:
2783:Recharge | Renewable energy news and articles
2696:North American Electric Reliability Council.
2322:In another study, an analysis carried out on
172:Usually sites are screened on the basis of a
7091:, 16 December 2010. Retrieved 10 March 2011.
6442:
5980:
5834:
5394:"How Wind Energy Can Help Us Breathe Easier"
5182:"AWEA 3rd quarter 2019 Public Market Report"
5118:"AWEA 3rd quarter 2019 Public Market Report"
5110:
4740:Cifuentes, David & Rodríguez, Victor M.
3255:
2954:"Suzlon creates country's largest wind park"
2208:
2086:. Wind power consumes no fuel, and emits no
2078:per unit of electricity generated: far less
1456:" to connect national grids together across
7078:Wind turbines on farmland may benefit crops
6715:, 27 March 2009. Retrieved 9 February 2011.
5146:
4107:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
4083:"Eólica supera 22 GW em operação no Brasil"
3385:
3343:"Ontario to approve Great Lakes wind power"
3262:Garvine, Richard; Kempton, Willett (2008).
3236:
3234:
3111:
3109:
3107:
3105:
2951:
2829:. University of Massachusetts Amherst. 2010
2592:
2490:
1752:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1666:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1460:, ranging from Denmark across the southern
109:the largest offshore wind farm in the world
99:in China had a capacity of over 6,000
7163:
7149:
7069:
7066:, 4 October 2010. Retrieved 10 March 2011.
7051:
6655:, January 2008. Retrieved 9 February 2011.
6143:
3331:, April 2011. Retrieved 29 September 2011.
2866:"2014 China Wind Power Review and Outlook"
2593:Association, European Wind Energy (2012).
884:The world's 10 largest offshore wind farms
7115:Database of projects throughout the World
6814:
6774:Wind turbines cause radar cone of silence
6501:
6349:
6202:
5811:
5793:
5369:
5351:
5249:American Wind Energy Association (2009).
5088:"15-megawatt wind farm planned for Kouga"
5063:
4018:
3047:AWEA: U.S. Wind Energy Projects – Indiana
2945:
2435:, 9 January 2010. Retrieved 19 June 2019.
1772:Learn how and when to remove this message
1686:Learn how and when to remove this message
870:by 2050 pathway to combat climate change.
6676:
6249:
5892:
5877:
5624:"Wind energy Frequently Asked Questions"
5589:"Wind energy Frequently Asked Questions"
5064:Swanepoel, Esmarie (11 September 2009).
4873:
4533:"Wind in power 2011 European statistics"
4432:Sustainable Development Law & Policy
4422:
4327:"Gains in Global Wind Capacity Reported"
4324:
3997:
3991:
3340:
3242:Environmental and Energy Study Institute
3231:
3102:
2971:
2776:
2586:
2313:
2212:
2190:Wind power § Electricity generation
2132:to construct non-floating wind farms is
2074:. Wind turbines have some of the lowest
2050:
2042:
1976:
1941:
1849:
1623:
1580:
1541:
1498:
1431:
1340:
1310:
1232:
857:
790:
272:
260:
200:
146:
133:
47:
31:
6941:
6871:
6766:
6724:
6623:
6595:
6448:
6286:Colby, W. David et al. (December 2009)
5275:American Wind Energy Association (AWEA)
5161:American Wind Energy Association (AWEA)
3981:, March 2014. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
3851:, 8 March 2011. Accessed: 8 March 2011.
3144:AWEA: U.S. Wind Energy Projects – Texas
2754:
2676:Windpower Engineering & Development
2672:"How to calculate power output of wind"
2183:
1955:List of wind farms in the United States
787:Lists of offshore wind farms by country
14:
7631:
6991:
6856:
6744:
6718:
6640:
6407:
6176:
6059:
5899:Environmental Science & Technology
5294:
5127:(AWEA). September 2019. Archived from
4874:Watanabe, Chisaki (27 February 2014).
4391:
4040:
3951:"Aansluiting Windpark op zee – Gemini"
3408:
3312:
3139:
3137:
3135:
3133:
3042:
3040:
2444:
2390:Robert Gasch, Jochen Twele (editors).
2162:further research might still be useful
1863:List of power stations in South Africa
805:the first offshore wind farm (Vindeby)
7144:
6910:
6892:
6838:
6784:
6700:
6658:
6422:
6074:from the original on 5 September 2019
6041:from the original on 24 November 2021
6026:
5299:. Uinta County Herald. Archived from
5243:
4821:. Indianwindpower.com. Archived from
4458:
4456:
3948:
3677:from the original on 29 November 2021
3647:from the original on 19 November 2018
3497:from the original on 6 September 2018
3386:Rosa-Aquino, Paola (29 August 2021).
2860:
2858:
2856:
2854:
2852:
2850:
2848:
2846:
2844:
2789:from the original on 5 November 2019.
2732:
2717:
2570:
2406:Watts, Jonathan & Huang, Cecily.
2221:Wind farms can interfere with ground
2120:Many wind turbine blades are made of
1436:A wind farm in a mountainous area in
280:, an onshore wind farm, in West Texas
7593:
6524:
6268:from the original on 18 October 2012
6250:Hamilton, Tyler (15 December 2009).
6240:School of Public Health, April 2015.
5689:
5661:
4490:
4394:"China Could Replace Coal with Wind"
4364:
4305:
3617:from the original on 29 January 2022
3587:from the original on 29 January 2022
3557:from the original on 19 January 2022
3527:from the original on 13 January 2022
3409:Nilsen, Jannicke (15 January 2016).
3398:from the original on 30 August 2021.
3184:Nossa empresa – Complexo Eólico Chuí
2777:Snieckus, Darius (2 November 2019).
2265:Permanent problem solving include a
1870:
1750:adding citations to reliable sources
1717:
1664:adding citations to reliable sources
1631:
1421:, Romania with 600 MW capacity, and
1205:Experimental and proposed wind farms
6408:Pagano, Margareta (2 August 2009).
6297:, Canadian Wind Energy Association.
6177:Gohlke, J. M.; et al. (2008).
5983:Journal of Environmental Management
5837:Journal of Environmental Management
4392:Treacy, Megan (16 September 2009).
4343:
4325:Kroldrup, Lars (15 February 2010).
4239:"China's Revolution in Wind Energy"
3341:Hamilton, Tyler (15 January 2008).
3155:
3130:
3037:
2030:Impact on environment and landscape
1476:has moved away from Denmark to the
1371:, according to industry observers.
296:World's largest onshore wind farms
24:
7075:Takle, Gene and Lundquist, Julie.
6942:Mendick, Robert (27 August 2011).
6918:Stealth blades – a progress report
6835:, 2002. Retrieved 9 February 2011.
6798:. 17 November 2007. Archived from
6152:. John Wiley & Sons. pp.
5756:Mountaineering Council of Scotland
5745:Wind farms and tourism in Scotland
5223:"American Wind Energy Association"
4493:Energy for Sustainable Development
4473:. 2009. p. 16. Archived from
4453:
4423:Federico, Caprotti (Spring 2009).
4210:
4144:RENEWABLE CAPACITY STATISTICS 2021
4007:Studies in Informatics and Control
3902:from the original on 20 April 2018
3757:from the original on 20 April 2018
3066:"Meadow Lake Wind Farm Fact Sheet"
2841:
2357:Renewable energy commercialisation
2107:Mountaineering Council of Scotland
2070:is minor when compared to that of
2037:Environmental impact of wind power
1867:List of wind farms in South Africa
233:
142:
25:
7665:
7120:Wind Project Community Organizing
7098:
6992:Cramer, Glenn (30 October 2009).
6950:. London, England. Archived from
6725:Goodwin, Jacob (3 January 2011).
6652:Federation of American Scientists
6183:Environmental Health Perspectives
6060:Kelley, Rick (18 February 2018).
5893:Katovich, Erik (9 January 2024).
5569:from the original on 3 March 2016
5512:from the original on 22 June 2019
4967:"Invest in Morocco – Wind Energy"
4851:. 31 October 2013. Archived from
4692:. 12 October 2012. Archived from
4594:"UK Wind Energy Database (UKWED)"
4381:. September 2009. pp. 18–19.
4288:. 7 February 2012. Archived from
4192:; Rosado, Pablo (11 March 2024).
4080:
3194:
2755:Parnell, John (30 October 2019).
2109:concluded that wind farms harmed
1911:region. These include the 100 MW
1405:', an off-shore wind farm in the
505:Hongshagang, Town, Minqin County
370:M’Intyre & Herries Range QLD
7604:
7592:
7581:
7580:
7568:
7033:
7011:
6985:
6959:
6935:
6596:Harding, Luke (1 October 2023).
6589:
6578:
6549:
6518:
6471:
6430:"Final Report, Rural Wind Farms"
6401:
6382:
6317:
6300:
6280:
6252:"Wind Gets Clean Bill of Health"
6243:
6219:
6170:
6137:
6118:
6053:
5974:
5886:
5828:
5737:
5711:
5683:
5655:
5581:
5557:"Why Australia needs wind power"
5494:
5448:
5263:
5215:
5203:
5189:American Wind Energy Association
5125:American Wind Energy Association
5009:
4984:
4959:
4929:
4911:
4819:"Indian Wind Energy and Economy"
4540:European Wind Energy Association
4308:"Turbine makers take a breather"
2733:Singh, Abhishek (6 March 2018).
2341:
2140:
2035:This section is an excerpt from
1937:
1875:
1722:
1636:
1534:This section is an excerpt from
1211:Østerild Wind Turbine Test Field
810:European Wind Energy Association
458:Complexo Eólico Lagoa dos Ventos
7135:Biggest Wind Farms in the World
6971:Federal Aviation Administration
6389:'Wind Energy – The Facts', p. 1
6027:Sneve, Joe (4 September 2019).
5045:. Coega Development Corporation
4867:
4837:
4811:
4790:
4772:
4758:
4733:
4708:
4678:
4656:
4616:
4586:
4554:
4525:
4513:. Instalbiz.com. 4 January 2010
4503:
4484:
4416:
4385:
4337:
4318:
4299:
4275:
4261:
4231:
4204:
4178:
4149:
4115:
4074:
4060:
4034:
3969:
3942:
3914:
3884:
3854:
3831:
3795:
3769:
3739:
3714:
3689:
3659:
3629:
3599:
3569:
3539:
3509:
3477:
3421:
3402:
3361:
3334:
3210:
3188:
3177:
3088:
3058:
3011:
2990:
2931:
2905:
2883:
2819:
2793:
2770:
2748:
2726:
2711:
2689:
2664:
2648:. 7 August 2011. Archived from
2638:
2613:
2296:Federal Aviation Administration
1845:
1317:Lower East Pubnico, Nova Scotia
1251:List of wind farms in Australia
769:referred to as 'micro-siting'.
594:Horse Hollow Wind Energy Center
197:Electricity grid considerations
7170:
6932:. Retrieved 22 September 2010.
5662:Dodd, Eimear (27 March 2021).
4664:"Fantanele-Cogealac Wind Park"
4344:Gow, David (3 February 2009).
3547:"Asset map | The Crown Estate"
3369:"Naikun Wind Development, Inc"
2564:
2539:
2533:10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.03.017
2445:Kanter, Doug (20 April 2016).
2384:
1713:
257:Lists of wind farms by country
93:largest wind farm in the world
13:
1:
7477:Blade element momentum theory
7125:World Wind Energy Association
7110:World Wind Energy Association
6003:10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.06.052
5857:10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.06.052
5295:Buller, Erin (11 July 2008).
5235:: CS1 maint: date and year (
5157:"Wind's Environmental Record"
4283:"Global Wind Statistics 2011"
4271:. Global Wind Energy Council.
4245:. 12 May 2015. Archived from
4041:Morton, Adam (15 July 2019).
2377:
2260:
1369:financial crisis of 2007–2008
7467:2020s in wind power research
6763:. Retrieved 9 February 2011.
6697:. Retrieved 9 February 2011.
6637:. Retrieved 9 February 2011.
6525:Swan, Norman (6 July 2015).
5442:10.1016/j.renene.2011.05.008
5092:Cacadu District Municipality
4747:. p. 11. Archived from
3862:"London Array – The Project"
3074:EDP Renewables North America
2306:Radio reception interference
2058:grazing near a wind turbine.
1836:
1415:Fântânele-Cogealac Wind Farm
1296:List of wind farms in Canada
1228:
1223:
795:Offshore wind turbines near
624:Fântânele-Cogealac Wind Farm
490:Complexo Eólico Rio do Vento
357:Urat Zhongqi, Bayannur City
223:independent system operators
7:
7487:Energy return on investment
6125:How Loud Is A Wind Turbine?
5690:Kula, Adam (9 April 2021).
2952:BS Reporter (11 May 2012).
2334:
2284:A mobile radar system, the
1947:San Gorgonio Pass wind farm
1806:Adjacent municipalities of
1628:Jhimpir Wind Farm, Pakistan
1613:
783:List of offshore wind farms
772:
38:San Gorgonio Pass wind farm
10:
7670:
6900:Stealth-Mode Wind Turbines
6712:United States Marine Corps
6454:"Wind Turbine Controversy"
6225:Professor Simon Chapman. "
5212:Altamont Pass, California.
4542:. February 2012. p. 4
4306:Yiyu, Liu (5 April 2012).
3283:10.1357/002224008788064540
3271:Journal of Marine Research
3165:(Press release). CEZ Group
2248:
2187:
2144:
2034:
1952:
1860:
1617:
1604:
1556:Japan's electricity sector
1548:Nunobiki Plateau Wind Farm
1533:
1510:
1389:
1380:National People's Congress
1376:Global Wind Energy Council
1304:
1293:
1274:
1248:
846:, including the suspended
776:
253:List of onshore wind farms
250:
246:
80:in the same location used
7562:
7534:Variable renewable energy
7459:
7398:
7370:
7273:
7240:
7178:
6683:About the R-2508 Airspace
6478:Rubin, G. J.; Burns, M.;
5750:21 September 2020 at the
5652:. Springer, 2007. p. 176.
5454:Thomas Kirchhoff (2014):
4648:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
4562:"GLOBAL WIND 2009 REPORT"
4219:(in Brazilian Portuguese)
4089:(in Brazilian Portuguese)
4068:"Di Natale defends Brown"
3979:Airborne Wind Energy Labs
3052:18 September 2010 at the
3025:(in Brazilian Portuguese)
2599:. Earthscan. p. 32.
2209:Ground radar interference
2147:Health effects from noise
2080:greenhouse gas is emitted
2022:was the largest domestic
1884:This article needs to be
1576:
1385:
1289:
1270:
838:The province of Ontario,
827:(630 MW) also in the UK.
609:Capricorn Ridge Wind Farm
228:
7654:Sustainable technologies
7554:Wind resource assessment
6827:11 December 2010 at the
6751:Radars and radio signals
6646:Brenner, Michael et al.
6634:National Weather Service
6503:10.4103/1463-1741.132099
6148:Wind Energy Comes of Age
6130:15 December 2014 at the
5271:"Wind Facts at a Glance"
4716:"A Supergrid for Europe"
4157:"Global wind statistics"
3998:Romanuke, Vadim (2018).
3671:www.power-technology.com
3149:29 December 2007 at the
2983:2 September 2015 at the
2394:. Springer, 2011. p. 11.
2160:, although some suggest
2076:global warming potential
1528:
1503:A wind farm overlooking
1494:
1300:
766:topographic acceleration
549:Shepherds Flat Wind Farm
6694:United States Air Force
6688:4 December 2008 at the
5919:10.1021/acs.est.3c03899
5795:10.1073/pnas.2104764119
5353:10.1073/pnas.2104764119
5068:. engineeringnews.co.za
3096:"Renewable Energy News"
2978:Terra-Gen Press Release
2958:Business Standard India
2349:Renewable energy portal
2013:Altamont Pass Wind Farm
2005:Alta Wind Energy Center
1995:with 8,965 MW and
1450:dispatchable generation
746:Panther Creek Wind Farm
442:Alta (Oak Creek-Mojave)
207:Biglow Canyon Wind Farm
7549:Wind profile power law
7544:Wind power forecasting
6866:Renewable Energy Focus
5758:. November 2017. p. 3.
5191:(AWEA). September 2019
4434:: 6–10. Archived from
3324:9 January 2012 at the
3246:"Offshore Wind Energy"
2218:
2059:
2048:
1985:
1950:
1858:
1629:
1620:Wind power in Pakistan
1594:
1568:In December 2020, the
1551:
1508:
1441:
1350:
1319:
1246:
995:Triton Knoll Wind Farm
871:
853:Block Island Wind Farm
800:
641:Fowler Ridge Wind Farm
411:Damao Qi, Baotou City
281:
270:
214:
152:
82:to produce electricity
57:
45:
27:Group of wind turbines
7575:Wind power portal
7057:Roy, Somnath Baidya.
7047:on 23 September 2015.
7021:. Broadcast Wind, LLC
6998:River City Malone.com
6973:. p. 4-5-1.b.(g)
6435:23 March 2011 at the
6395:27 March 2015 at the
5461:18 April 2016 at the
5256:20 April 2009 at the
5210:Encyclopedia of Earth
4798:"Wind atlas of India"
4720:MIT Technology Review
4020:10.24846/v27i2y201803
3922:"About Kriegers Flak"
2314:Impact on agriculture
2267:non-initiation window
2216:
2158:vibroacoustic disease
2154:Wind Turbine Syndrome
2095:surface power density
2054:
2046:
1980:
1945:
1853:
1627:
1584:
1545:
1521:mainly spread across
1502:
1435:
1344:
1314:
1236:
1069:Borssele III & IV
861:
848:Trillium Power Wind 1
794:
714:Buffalo Gap Wind Farm
564:Meadow Lake Wind Farm
276:
264:
204:
150:
134:Siting considerations
128:wind turbine syndrome
51:
35:
7380:Consulting companies
7188:Airborne wind energy
6820:P. Jago, N. Taylor.
6756:7 April 2011 at the
6664:Greenemeier, Larry.
6648:Wind Farms and Radar
6293:18 June 2020 at the
6104:World Economic Forum
5297:"Capturing the wind"
4690:Prague Daily Monitor
3613:. 27 December 2021.
3583:. 27 December 2021.
3493:. 6 September 2018.
3329:Alberta Oil Magazine
2705:Western Energy Board
2571:Kelly, Neil (1994).
2184:Effect on power grid
2084:limit climate change
1999:with 8,072 MW.
1746:improve this section
1660:improve this section
1392:Wind power in Europe
1277:Wind power in Brazil
729:Dabancheng Wind Farm
670:Complexo Eólico Chuí
656:Sweetwater Wind Farm
384:Markbygden Wind Farm
7609:Additional portals:
7539:Virtual power plant
7372:Wind power industry
7250:Lists of wind farms
7137:by Power-Technology
6923:8 June 2011 at the
6670:Scientific American
6342:2020ASAJ..148.2885T
6232:22 May 2019 at the
6144:Gipe, Paul (1995).
6067:Valley Morning Star
5995:2017JEnvM.201..252P
5911:2024EnST...58..323K
5849:2017JEnvM.201..252P
5786:2022PNAS..11904764D
5434:2012REne...37...37G
5344:2022PNAS..11904764D
4947:on 22 December 2015
4925:. 15 December 2020.
4754:on 3 December 2007.
4604:on 26 November 2015
3985:18 May 2015 at the
3872:on 21 February 2014
3523:. 13 January 2022.
2941:. 15 February 2018.
2243:radar test facility
2235:air traffic control
2007:(1,020 MW) in
1963:are located in the
1917:Gouda Wind Facility
1855:Gouda Wind Facility
1570:Japanese government
1536:Wind power in Japan
1513:Wind power in India
1464:to England and the
1336:Tsinghua University
1307:Wind power in China
1042:Borssele I & II
886:
779:Offshore wind power
685:Zarafara Wind Farm
474:Jaisalmer Wind Park
425:Muppandal Wind farm
297:
7084:6 May 2011 at the
6954:on 28 August 2011.
6844:Learmount, David.
6489:Noise & Health
6351:10.1121/10.0002453
6264:. pp. B1–B2.
5225:. 31 October 2019.
4992:"Energie Eolienne"
4742:"Renewable energy"
4404:on 15 October 2009
4331:The New York Times
4194:"Renewable Energy"
3844:2011-03-09 at the
3701:www.4coffshore.com
3637:"Borssele 1&2"
2761:greentechmedia.com
2547:"Prevailing Winds"
2367:Sustainable energy
2294:The United States
2275:stealth technology
2219:
2060:
2049:
1986:
1951:
1859:
1630:
1595:
1552:
1509:
1442:
1423:Whitelee Wind Farm
1351:
1320:
1263:and former leader
1247:
1009:Vestas V164 9.5 MW
882:
872:
823:, followed by the
801:
699:Whitelee Wind Farm
295:
292:in December 1980.
282:
271:
267:Whitelee Wind Farm
265:An aerial view of
215:
153:
70:wind power station
58:
46:
7626:
7625:
7218:on public display
6916:Appleton, Steve.
6904:Technology Review
6761:Wind Energy Facts
6238:Sydney University
6195:10.1289/ehp.11602
6163:978-0-471-10924-2
6106:. 19 October 2021
5725:. 4 November 2019
5669:Irish Independent
5134:on 5 January 2020
4825:on 17 August 2013
4786:. 23 August 2022.
4768:. 23 August 2022.
4628:Eolic Energy News
4352:. London, England
4198:Our World in Data
3976:AWES Farm Density
3465:. 30 January 2020
2606:978-1-84977-378-2
2527:(11): 2411–2420.
2478:. 30 January 2020
2425:Fahey, Jonathan.
2271:Newcastle Airport
2225:systems used for
2072:fossil fuel power
1905:
1904:
1823:Mindoro Wind Farm
1821:in Rizal and the
1819:Pililla Wind Farm
1782:
1781:
1774:
1696:
1695:
1688:
1474:low pressure area
1374:According to the
1360:Dongfang Electric
1265:Richard Di Natale
1257:Australian Greens
1239:Canunda Wind Farm
1202:
1201:
1096:East Anglia Array
922:Hornsea Wind Farm
855:was commissioned.
759:
758:
286:Crotched Mountain
162:San Gorgonio Pass
113:increase in power
105:Hornsea Wind Farm
16:(Redirected from
7661:
7613:Renewable energy
7608:
7596:
7595:
7584:
7583:
7573:
7572:
7419:GE Offshore Wind
7165:
7158:
7151:
7142:
7141:
7092:
7073:
7067:
7055:
7049:
7048:
7037:
7031:
7030:
7028:
7026:
7015:
7009:
7008:
7006:
7004:
6989:
6983:
6982:
6980:
6978:
6963:
6957:
6955:
6939:
6933:
6914:
6908:
6896:
6890:
6875:
6869:
6860:
6854:
6842:
6836:
6818:
6812:
6811:
6809:
6807:
6796:capecodtoday.com
6788:
6782:
6772:Levitan, David.
6770:
6764:
6748:
6742:
6741:
6739:
6737:
6722:
6716:
6704:
6698:
6680:
6674:
6662:
6656:
6644:
6638:
6627:
6621:
6620:
6618:
6616:
6593:
6587:
6582:
6576:
6575:
6573:
6571:
6561:
6553:
6547:
6546:
6544:
6542:
6537:on 19 April 2020
6533:. Archived from
6522:
6516:
6515:
6505:
6475:
6469:
6468:
6466:
6464:
6458:Neurologica Blog
6452:(7 March 2016).
6446:
6440:
6426:
6420:
6419:
6405:
6399:
6386:
6380:
6379:
6353:
6336:(5): 2885–2893.
6321:
6315:
6314:
6312:
6304:
6298:
6284:
6278:
6277:
6275:
6273:
6247:
6241:
6223:
6217:
6216:
6206:
6189:(6): A236–A237.
6174:
6168:
6167:
6151:
6141:
6135:
6122:
6116:
6115:
6113:
6111:
6096:
6087:
6086:
6081:
6079:
6057:
6051:
6050:
6048:
6046:
6024:
6015:
6014:
5978:
5972:
5971:
5969:
5967:
5945:
5939:
5938:
5890:
5884:
5883:
5875:
5869:
5868:
5832:
5826:
5825:
5815:
5797:
5765:
5759:
5741:
5735:
5734:
5732:
5730:
5715:
5709:
5708:
5706:
5704:
5687:
5681:
5680:
5678:
5676:
5659:
5653:
5648:Szarka, Joseph.
5646:
5640:
5639:
5637:
5635:
5630:on 19 April 2006
5620:
5614:
5611:
5605:
5604:
5602:
5600:
5595:on 19 April 2006
5585:
5579:
5578:
5576:
5574:
5568:
5561:
5553:
5544:
5531:
5522:
5521:
5519:
5517:
5498:
5492:
5491:
5489:
5487:
5472:
5466:
5452:
5446:
5445:
5421:Renewable Energy
5415:
5409:
5408:
5406:
5404:
5390:
5384:
5383:
5373:
5355:
5323:
5314:
5312:
5310:
5308:
5292:
5286:
5285:
5283:
5281:
5267:
5261:
5247:
5241:
5240:
5234:
5226:
5219:
5213:
5207:
5201:
5200:
5198:
5196:
5186:
5178:
5172:
5171:
5169:
5167:
5153:
5144:
5143:
5141:
5139:
5133:
5122:
5114:
5108:
5107:
5105:
5103:
5094:. Archived from
5084:
5078:
5077:
5075:
5073:
5061:
5055:
5054:
5052:
5050:
5039:
5033:
5032:
5030:
5028:
5019:. Archived from
5013:
5007:
5006:
5004:
5002:
4988:
4982:
4981:
4979:
4977:
4963:
4957:
4956:
4954:
4952:
4943:. Archived from
4933:
4927:
4926:
4915:
4909:
4908:
4906:
4904:
4890:
4884:
4883:
4871:
4865:
4864:
4862:
4860:
4841:
4835:
4834:
4832:
4830:
4815:
4809:
4808:
4806:
4804:
4794:
4788:
4787:
4776:
4770:
4769:
4762:
4756:
4755:
4753:
4746:
4737:
4731:
4730:
4728:
4726:
4712:
4706:
4705:
4703:
4701:
4682:
4676:
4675:
4673:
4671:
4660:
4654:
4653:
4647:
4639:
4637:
4635:
4620:
4614:
4613:
4611:
4609:
4600:. Archived from
4590:
4584:
4583:
4581:
4579:
4573:
4566:
4558:
4552:
4551:
4549:
4547:
4537:
4529:
4523:
4522:
4520:
4518:
4507:
4501:
4500:
4488:
4482:
4481:
4480:on 12 June 2009.
4479:
4468:
4460:
4451:
4450:
4448:
4446:
4440:
4429:
4420:
4414:
4413:
4411:
4409:
4400:. Archived from
4389:
4383:
4382:
4376:
4368:
4362:
4361:
4359:
4357:
4341:
4335:
4334:
4322:
4316:
4315:
4303:
4297:
4296:
4295:on 11 June 2012.
4294:
4287:
4279:
4273:
4272:
4265:
4259:
4258:
4256:
4254:
4235:
4229:
4228:
4226:
4224:
4208:
4202:
4201:
4182:
4176:
4175:
4173:
4171:
4161:
4153:
4147:
4141:
4135:
4134:
4132:
4130:
4119:
4113:
4112:
4106:
4098:
4096:
4094:
4078:
4072:
4071:
4064:
4058:
4057:
4055:
4053:
4038:
4032:
4031:
4029:
4027:
4022:
4004:
3995:
3989:
3973:
3967:
3966:
3964:
3962:
3955:rijksoverheid.nl
3946:
3940:
3939:
3937:
3935:
3926:
3918:
3912:
3911:
3909:
3907:
3896:Power Technology
3888:
3882:
3881:
3879:
3877:
3868:. Archived from
3858:
3852:
3839:First foundation
3837:Wittrup, Sanne.
3835:
3829:
3828:
3826:
3824:
3818:
3812:. Archived from
3807:
3799:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3788:
3773:
3767:
3766:
3764:
3762:
3743:
3737:
3736:
3734:
3732:
3718:
3712:
3711:
3709:
3707:
3693:
3687:
3686:
3684:
3682:
3663:
3657:
3656:
3654:
3652:
3633:
3627:
3626:
3624:
3622:
3603:
3597:
3596:
3594:
3592:
3573:
3567:
3566:
3564:
3562:
3543:
3537:
3536:
3534:
3532:
3513:
3507:
3506:
3504:
3502:
3481:
3475:
3474:
3472:
3470:
3455:
3449:
3448:
3446:
3444:
3439:on 20 April 2018
3435:. Archived from
3425:
3419:
3418:
3406:
3400:
3399:
3383:
3377:
3376:
3371:. Archived from
3365:
3359:
3358:
3356:
3354:
3338:
3332:
3316:
3310:
3309:
3307:
3305:
3299:
3293:. Archived from
3268:
3259:
3253:
3252:
3250:
3244:(October 2010).
3238:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3224:
3214:
3208:
3207:
3205:
3203:
3195:Ahmed, Mohamed.
3192:
3186:
3181:
3175:
3174:
3172:
3170:
3159:
3153:
3141:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3123:
3113:
3100:
3099:
3092:
3086:
3085:
3083:
3081:
3070:
3062:
3056:
3044:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3030:
3015:
3009:
3008:
3006:
3004:
2994:
2988:
2975:
2969:
2968:
2966:
2964:
2949:
2943:
2942:
2935:
2929:
2928:
2926:
2924:
2909:
2903:
2902:
2900:
2898:
2887:
2881:
2880:
2878:
2876:
2870:
2862:
2839:
2838:
2836:
2834:
2823:
2817:
2816:
2814:
2812:
2797:
2791:
2790:
2774:
2768:
2767:
2752:
2746:
2745:
2739:
2730:
2724:
2723:
2715:
2709:
2708:
2702:
2693:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2682:
2668:
2662:
2661:
2659:
2657:
2642:
2636:
2635:
2633:
2631:
2617:
2611:
2610:
2590:
2584:
2583:
2577:
2568:
2562:
2561:
2559:
2557:
2543:
2537:
2536:
2516:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2505:
2494:
2488:
2487:
2485:
2483:
2476:offshorewind.biz
2468:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2442:
2436:
2423:
2417:
2404:
2395:
2388:
2351:
2346:
2345:
2134:noisy underwater
1900:
1897:
1891:
1879:
1878:
1871:
1831:Oriental Mindoro
1777:
1770:
1766:
1763:
1757:
1726:
1718:
1691:
1684:
1680:
1677:
1671:
1640:
1632:
1599:Tafila Wind Farm
1587:Tafila Wind Farm
1546:Turbines at the
1177:Gemini Wind Farm
949:Walney Wind Farm
887:
881:
833:Capacity factors
817:Walney Wind Farm
815:As of 2017, The
579:Roscoe Wind Farm
518:Kailu, Tongliao
298:
294:
278:Roscoe Wind Farm
76:, is a group of
74:wind power plant
68:, also called a
44:, United States.
21:
7669:
7668:
7664:
7663:
7662:
7660:
7659:
7658:
7629:
7628:
7627:
7622:
7567:
7558:
7529:Tip-speed ratio
7524:Net energy gain
7482:Capacity factor
7455:
7394:
7366:
7269:
7255:Community-owned
7236:
7174:
7169:
7101:
7096:
7095:
7089:Ames Laboratory
7086:Wayback Machine
7074:
7070:
7056:
7052:
7039:
7038:
7034:
7024:
7022:
7017:
7016:
7012:
7002:
7000:
6990:
6986:
6976:
6974:
6965:
6964:
6960:
6940:
6936:
6925:Wayback Machine
6915:
6911:
6898:Fairly, Peter.
6897:
6893:
6876:
6872:
6861:
6857:
6843:
6839:
6829:Wayback Machine
6819:
6815:
6805:
6803:
6790:
6789:
6785:
6771:
6767:
6758:Wayback Machine
6749:
6745:
6735:
6733:
6731:gsnmagazine.com
6723:
6719:
6705:
6701:
6690:Wayback Machine
6681:
6677:
6663:
6659:
6645:
6641:
6628:
6624:
6614:
6612:
6594:
6590:
6583:
6579:
6569:
6567:
6559:
6555:
6554:
6550:
6540:
6538:
6523:
6519:
6496:(69): 116–122.
6476:
6472:
6462:
6460:
6450:Novella, Steven
6447:
6443:
6437:Wayback Machine
6427:
6423:
6415:The Independent
6406:
6402:
6397:Wayback Machine
6387:
6383:
6322:
6318:
6310:
6306:
6305:
6301:
6295:Wayback Machine
6285:
6281:
6271:
6269:
6248:
6244:
6234:Wayback Machine
6224:
6220:
6175:
6171:
6164:
6142:
6138:
6132:Wayback Machine
6123:
6119:
6109:
6107:
6098:
6097:
6090:
6077:
6075:
6058:
6054:
6044:
6042:
6025:
6018:
5979:
5975:
5965:
5963:
5947:
5946:
5942:
5891:
5887:
5876:
5872:
5833:
5829:
5766:
5762:
5752:Wayback Machine
5743:Gordon, David.
5742:
5738:
5728:
5726:
5717:
5716:
5712:
5702:
5700:
5697:The News Letter
5688:
5684:
5674:
5672:
5660:
5656:
5647:
5643:
5633:
5631:
5622:
5621:
5617:
5612:
5608:
5598:
5596:
5587:
5586:
5582:
5572:
5570:
5566:
5559:
5555:
5554:
5547:
5532:
5525:
5515:
5513:
5500:
5499:
5495:
5485:
5483:
5474:
5473:
5469:
5463:Wayback Machine
5453:
5449:
5416:
5412:
5402:
5400:
5392:
5391:
5387:
5324:
5317:
5306:
5304:
5303:on 31 July 2008
5293:
5289:
5279:
5277:
5269:
5268:
5264:
5258:Wayback Machine
5248:
5244:
5228:
5227:
5221:
5220:
5216:
5208:
5204:
5194:
5192:
5184:
5180:
5179:
5175:
5165:
5163:
5155:
5154:
5147:
5137:
5135:
5131:
5120:
5116:
5115:
5111:
5101:
5099:
5098:on 23 July 2011
5086:
5085:
5081:
5071:
5069:
5062:
5058:
5048:
5046:
5041:
5040:
5036:
5026:
5024:
5015:
5014:
5010:
5000:
4998:
4990:
4989:
4985:
4975:
4973:
4965:
4964:
4960:
4950:
4948:
4935:
4934:
4930:
4917:
4916:
4912:
4902:
4900:
4898:The Japan Times
4892:
4891:
4887:
4872:
4868:
4858:
4856:
4855:on 1 March 2012
4843:
4842:
4838:
4828:
4826:
4817:
4816:
4812:
4802:
4800:
4796:
4795:
4791:
4778:
4777:
4773:
4764:
4763:
4759:
4751:
4744:
4738:
4734:
4724:
4722:
4714:
4713:
4709:
4699:
4697:
4684:
4683:
4679:
4669:
4667:
4662:
4661:
4657:
4641:
4640:
4633:
4631:
4622:
4621:
4617:
4607:
4605:
4592:
4591:
4587:
4577:
4575:
4571:
4564:
4560:
4559:
4555:
4545:
4543:
4535:
4531:
4530:
4526:
4516:
4514:
4509:
4508:
4504:
4489:
4485:
4477:
4466:
4462:
4461:
4454:
4444:
4442:
4438:
4427:
4421:
4417:
4407:
4405:
4390:
4386:
4374:
4370:
4369:
4365:
4355:
4353:
4342:
4338:
4323:
4319:
4312:China Daily USA
4304:
4300:
4292:
4285:
4281:
4280:
4276:
4267:
4266:
4262:
4252:
4250:
4237:
4236:
4232:
4222:
4220:
4211:Mendes, Diego.
4209:
4205:
4186:Ritchie, Hannah
4183:
4179:
4169:
4167:
4166:. 22 April 2022
4159:
4155:
4154:
4150:
4142:
4138:
4128:
4126:
4121:
4120:
4116:
4100:
4099:
4092:
4090:
4079:
4075:
4070:. 21 July 2019.
4066:
4065:
4061:
4051:
4049:
4039:
4035:
4025:
4023:
4002:
3996:
3992:
3987:Wayback Machine
3974:
3970:
3960:
3958:
3947:
3943:
3933:
3931:
3924:
3920:
3919:
3915:
3905:
3903:
3890:
3889:
3885:
3875:
3873:
3866:londonarray.com
3860:
3859:
3855:
3846:Wayback Machine
3836:
3832:
3822:
3820:
3819:on 22 July 2011
3816:
3810:londonarray.com
3805:
3801:
3800:
3796:
3786:
3784:
3775:
3774:
3770:
3760:
3758:
3745:
3744:
3740:
3730:
3728:
3720:
3719:
3715:
3705:
3703:
3695:
3694:
3690:
3680:
3678:
3665:
3664:
3660:
3650:
3648:
3635:
3634:
3630:
3620:
3618:
3605:
3604:
3600:
3590:
3588:
3575:
3574:
3570:
3560:
3558:
3545:
3544:
3540:
3530:
3528:
3515:
3514:
3510:
3500:
3498:
3483:
3482:
3478:
3468:
3466:
3457:
3456:
3452:
3442:
3440:
3427:
3426:
3422:
3407:
3403:
3384:
3380:
3375:on 16 May 2008.
3367:
3366:
3362:
3352:
3350:
3339:
3335:
3326:Wayback Machine
3317:
3313:
3303:
3301:
3300:on 20 July 2011
3297:
3266:
3260:
3256:
3248:
3239:
3232:
3222:
3220:
3216:
3215:
3211:
3201:
3199:
3193:
3189:
3182:
3178:
3168:
3166:
3161:
3160:
3156:
3151:Wayback Machine
3142:
3131:
3121:
3119:
3115:
3114:
3103:
3094:
3093:
3089:
3079:
3077:
3068:
3064:
3063:
3059:
3054:Wayback Machine
3045:
3038:
3028:
3026:
3017:
3016:
3012:
3002:
3000:
2996:
2995:
2991:
2987:, 17 April 2012
2985:Wayback Machine
2976:
2972:
2962:
2960:
2950:
2946:
2937:
2936:
2932:
2922:
2920:
2919:. 19 March 2012
2911:
2910:
2906:
2896:
2894:
2888:
2884:
2874:
2872:
2868:
2864:
2863:
2842:
2832:
2830:
2825:
2824:
2820:
2810:
2808:
2799:
2798:
2794:
2775:
2771:
2753:
2749:
2737:
2731:
2727:
2716:
2712:
2700:
2694:
2690:
2680:
2678:
2670:
2669:
2665:
2655:
2653:
2652:on 19 July 2011
2644:
2643:
2639:
2629:
2627:
2619:
2618:
2614:
2607:
2591:
2587:
2575:
2569:
2565:
2555:
2553:
2545:
2544:
2540:
2517:
2513:
2503:
2501:
2496:
2495:
2491:
2481:
2479:
2470:
2469:
2465:
2455:
2453:
2443:
2439:
2424:
2420:
2405:
2398:
2389:
2385:
2380:
2347:
2340:
2337:
2316:
2308:
2286:Lockheed Martin
2263:
2251:
2211:
2192:
2186:
2149:
2143:
2138:
2137:
2040:
2032:
1957:
1940:
1932:Coega Wind Farm
1915:and the 138 MW
1901:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1880:
1876:
1869:
1861:Main articles:
1848:
1839:
1797:South China Sea
1778:
1767:
1761:
1758:
1743:
1727:
1716:
1692:
1681:
1675:
1672:
1657:
1641:
1622:
1616:
1607:
1579:
1574:
1573:
1539:
1531:
1515:
1497:
1394:
1388:
1309:
1303:
1298:
1292:
1279:
1273:
1253:
1243:South Australia
1237:The Australian
1231:
1226:
1207:
1020:Jiangsu Qidong
984:
896:
789:
775:
398:Hami Wind Farm
324:Gansu Wind Farm
307:
305:
259:
249:
236:
234:Turbine spacing
231:
199:
145:
143:Wind conditions
136:
97:Gansu Wind Farm
54:Gansu Wind Farm
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7667:
7657:
7656:
7651:
7649:Power stations
7646:
7644:Infrastructure
7641:
7624:
7623:
7621:
7620:
7615:
7610:
7602:
7590:
7578:
7563:
7560:
7559:
7557:
7556:
7551:
7546:
7541:
7536:
7531:
7526:
7521:
7516:
7511:
7506:
7504:Energy subsidy
7501:
7500:
7499:
7492:Energy storage
7489:
7484:
7479:
7474:
7469:
7463:
7461:
7457:
7456:
7454:
7453:
7448:
7443:
7441:Siemens Gamesa
7438:
7433:
7428:
7423:
7422:
7421:
7410:
7404:
7402:
7396:
7395:
7393:
7392:
7387:
7382:
7376:
7374:
7368:
7367:
7365:
7364:
7363:
7362:
7357:
7347:
7346:
7345:
7340:
7330:
7328:Unconventional
7325:
7320:
7315:
7310:
7305:
7300:
7295:
7293:Crosswind kite
7290:
7285:
7279:
7277:
7271:
7270:
7268:
7267:
7262:
7260:Offshore farms
7257:
7252:
7246:
7244:
7238:
7237:
7235:
7234:
7233:
7232:
7222:
7221:
7220:
7210:
7205:
7200:
7195:
7190:
7184:
7182:
7176:
7175:
7168:
7167:
7160:
7153:
7145:
7139:
7138:
7132:
7127:
7122:
7117:
7112:
7107:
7100:
7099:External links
7097:
7094:
7093:
7068:
7050:
7032:
7010:
6984:
6958:
6934:
6909:
6891:
6870:
6855:
6837:
6813:
6802:on 8 July 2011
6783:
6765:
6743:
6717:
6706:Hayes, Keith.
6699:
6675:
6657:
6639:
6622:
6588:
6577:
6548:
6517:
6482:(7 May 2014).
6480:Wessely, Simon
6470:
6441:
6421:
6400:
6381:
6316:
6299:
6279:
6242:
6218:
6169:
6162:
6136:
6117:
6088:
6052:
6016:
5973:
5940:
5905:(1): 323–332.
5885:
5870:
5827:
5760:
5736:
5710:
5682:
5654:
5641:
5615:
5606:
5580:
5545:
5523:
5493:
5482:. January 2018
5467:
5447:
5410:
5385:
5315:
5287:
5262:
5242:
5214:
5202:
5173:
5145:
5109:
5079:
5056:
5043:"Electrawinds"
5034:
5023:on 18 May 2015
5008:
4983:
4958:
4928:
4910:
4885:
4866:
4836:
4810:
4789:
4771:
4757:
4732:
4707:
4696:on 22 May 2013
4677:
4655:
4615:
4585:
4574:on 5 July 2010
4553:
4524:
4502:
4483:
4452:
4441:on 9 June 2011
4415:
4384:
4363:
4336:
4317:
4298:
4274:
4260:
4249:on 18 May 2015
4230:
4203:
4177:
4148:
4136:
4114:
4073:
4059:
4033:
4013:(2): 155–164.
3990:
3968:
3941:
3913:
3883:
3853:
3830:
3794:
3768:
3738:
3713:
3688:
3658:
3628:
3598:
3568:
3551:Thecrownestate
3538:
3508:
3476:
3450:
3420:
3401:
3378:
3360:
3333:
3311:
3277:(6): 751–773.
3254:
3230:
3209:
3187:
3176:
3154:
3129:
3101:
3087:
3057:
3036:
3010:
2989:
2970:
2944:
2930:
2904:
2882:
2840:
2818:
2807:on 27 May 2010
2792:
2769:
2747:
2725:
2718:CAISO (2016).
2710:
2688:
2663:
2646:"Introduction"
2637:
2612:
2605:
2585:
2563:
2538:
2521:Applied Energy
2511:
2500:. WINDExchange
2489:
2463:
2437:
2418:
2396:
2382:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2375:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2353:
2352:
2336:
2333:
2315:
2312:
2307:
2304:
2262:
2259:
2250:
2247:
2210:
2207:
2185:
2182:
2142:
2139:
2041:
2033:
2031:
2028:
1983:Iowa wind farm
1965:Central Plains
1953:Main article:
1939:
1936:
1913:Sere Wind Farm
1903:
1902:
1883:
1881:
1874:
1857:, South Africa
1847:
1844:
1838:
1835:
1780:
1779:
1730:
1728:
1721:
1715:
1712:
1694:
1693:
1644:
1642:
1635:
1618:Main article:
1615:
1612:
1606:
1603:
1578:
1575:
1540:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1511:Main article:
1496:
1493:
1483:In July 2022,
1458:western Europe
1446:variable power
1411:United Kingdom
1407:Thames Estuary
1398:European Union
1390:Main article:
1387:
1384:
1305:Main article:
1302:
1299:
1294:Main article:
1291:
1288:
1275:Main article:
1272:
1269:
1249:Main article:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1191:Siemens Gamesa
1187:
1182:
1179:
1173:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1164:Siemens Gamesa
1160:
1155:
1152:
1146:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1137:Siemens Gamesa
1133:
1131:United Kingdom
1128:
1125:
1119:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1110:Siemens Gamesa
1106:
1104:United Kingdom
1101:
1098:
1092:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1079:
1074:
1071:
1065:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1056:Siemens Gamesa
1052:
1047:
1044:
1038:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1024:
1021:
1017:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1005:
1003:United Kingdom
1000:
997:
991:
990:
988:
985:
983:
982:
979:Siemens Gamesa
975:
969:
961:
959:
957:United Kingdom
954:
951:
945:
944:
942:
939:
936:Siemens Gamesa
932:
930:United Kingdom
927:
924:
918:
917:
914:
911:
905:
902:
891:
876:jackup vessels
851:late 2016 the
774:
771:
757:
756:
754:
751:
748:
742:
741:
739:
734:
731:
725:
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722:
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710:
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706:United Kingdom
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695:
694:
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686:
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367:
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354:
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329:
326:
320:
319:
316:
313:
302:
248:
245:
235:
232:
230:
227:
198:
195:
186:Meteorological
144:
141:
135:
132:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7666:
7655:
7652:
7650:
7647:
7645:
7642:
7640:
7637:
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7619:
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7611:
7607:
7603:
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7591:
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7527:
7525:
7522:
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7512:
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7505:
7502:
7498:
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7493:
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7483:
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7478:
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7473:
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7462:
7458:
7452:
7449:
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7442:
7439:
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7429:
7427:
7424:
7420:
7416:
7415:
7414:
7411:
7409:
7406:
7405:
7403:
7401:
7400:Manufacturers
7397:
7391:
7388:
7386:
7385:Manufacturers
7383:
7381:
7378:
7377:
7375:
7373:
7369:
7361:
7358:
7356:
7353:
7352:
7351:
7348:
7344:
7341:
7339:
7336:
7335:
7334:
7333:Vertical-axis
7331:
7329:
7326:
7324:
7321:
7319:
7316:
7314:
7313:Pitch bearing
7311:
7309:
7306:
7304:
7301:
7299:
7296:
7294:
7291:
7289:
7286:
7284:
7281:
7280:
7278:
7276:
7275:Wind turbines
7272:
7266:
7265:Onshore farms
7263:
7261:
7258:
7256:
7253:
7251:
7248:
7247:
7245:
7243:
7239:
7231:
7228:
7227:
7226:
7223:
7219:
7216:
7215:
7214:
7211:
7209:
7206:
7204:
7203:Land vehicles
7201:
7199:
7196:
7194:
7191:
7189:
7186:
7185:
7183:
7181:
7177:
7173:
7166:
7161:
7159:
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7147:
7146:
7143:
7136:
7133:
7131:
7128:
7126:
7123:
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7111:
7108:
7106:
7103:
7102:
7090:
7087:
7083:
7080:
7079:
7072:
7065:
7064:
7060:
7054:
7046:
7042:
7036:
7020:
7014:
6999:
6995:
6988:
6972:
6968:
6962:
6953:
6949:
6948:The Telegraph
6945:
6938:
6931:
6930:
6926:
6922:
6919:
6913:
6906:
6905:
6901:
6895:
6888:
6884:
6883:
6879:
6874:
6867:
6864:
6859:
6852:
6851:
6850:Flight Global
6847:
6841:
6834:
6831:pages 10–13,
6830:
6826:
6823:
6817:
6801:
6797:
6793:
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6769:
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6709:
6703:
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6691:
6687:
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6679:
6672:
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6661:
6654:
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6404:
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6385:
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6352:
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6320:
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6296:
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6023:
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6012:
6008:
6004:
6000:
5996:
5992:
5988:
5984:
5977:
5962:
5958:
5954:
5953:The Economist
5950:
5944:
5936:
5932:
5928:
5924:
5920:
5916:
5912:
5908:
5904:
5900:
5896:
5889:
5881:
5880:CQ Researcher
5874:
5866:
5862:
5858:
5854:
5850:
5846:
5842:
5838:
5831:
5823:
5819:
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5809:
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5796:
5791:
5787:
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5779:
5775:
5771:
5764:
5757:
5753:
5749:
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5699:
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5629:
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5584:
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5536:
5530:
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5511:
5507:
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5497:
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5471:
5464:
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5457:
5451:
5443:
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5435:
5431:
5427:
5423:
5422:
5414:
5399:
5395:
5389:
5381:
5377:
5372:
5367:
5363:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5345:
5341:
5337:
5333:
5329:
5322:
5320:
5302:
5298:
5291:
5276:
5272:
5266:
5259:
5255:
5252:
5246:
5238:
5232:
5224:
5218:
5211:
5206:
5190:
5183:
5177:
5162:
5158:
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5150:
5130:
5126:
5119:
5113:
5097:
5093:
5089:
5083:
5067:
5060:
5044:
5038:
5022:
5018:
5012:
4997:
4993:
4987:
4972:
4971:invest.gov.ma
4968:
4962:
4946:
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4938:
4932:
4924:
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4711:
4695:
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4651:
4645:
4629:
4625:
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4603:
4599:
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4506:
4498:
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4457:
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4426:
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4403:
4399:
4395:
4388:
4380:
4373:
4367:
4351:
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4328:
4321:
4313:
4309:
4302:
4291:
4284:
4278:
4270:
4264:
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4234:
4218:
4214:
4207:
4199:
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4191:
4187:
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4165:
4158:
4152:
4145:
4140:
4124:
4118:
4110:
4104:
4088:
4084:
4077:
4069:
4063:
4048:
4044:
4037:
4021:
4016:
4012:
4008:
4001:
3994:
3988:
3984:
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3977:
3972:
3956:
3952:
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3930:
3923:
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3901:
3897:
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3887:
3871:
3867:
3863:
3857:
3850:
3847:
3843:
3840:
3834:
3815:
3811:
3804:
3798:
3783:. 3 July 2020
3782:
3781:Offshore Wind
3778:
3772:
3756:
3752:
3751:Offshore Wind
3748:
3742:
3727:
3723:
3717:
3702:
3698:
3692:
3676:
3672:
3668:
3662:
3646:
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3548:
3542:
3526:
3522:
3518:
3512:
3496:
3492:
3491:
3486:
3480:
3464:
3463:Offshore Wind
3460:
3454:
3438:
3434:
3433:Offshore Wind
3430:
3424:
3416:
3412:
3405:
3397:
3393:
3389:
3382:
3374:
3370:
3364:
3348:
3344:
3337:
3330:
3327:
3323:
3320:
3315:
3296:
3292:
3288:
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3258:
3247:
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3198:
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2201:
2196:
2191:
2181:
2178:
2174:
2169:
2165:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2148:
2141:Health impact
2135:
2131:
2126:
2123:
2118:
2114:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2099:
2096:
2091:
2089:
2088:air pollution
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2057:
2053:
2045:
2038:
2027:
2025:
2021:
2016:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1984:
1979:
1975:
1973:
1968:
1966:
1962:
1961:United States
1956:
1948:
1944:
1938:United States
1935:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1920:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1899:
1887:
1882:
1873:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1856:
1852:
1843:
1834:
1832:
1828:
1827:Puerto Galera
1824:
1820:
1815:
1813:
1809:
1804:
1800:
1798:
1793:
1791:
1787:
1776:
1773:
1765:
1762:November 2023
1755:
1751:
1747:
1741:
1740:
1736:
1731:This section
1729:
1725:
1720:
1719:
1711:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1690:
1687:
1679:
1676:November 2023
1669:
1665:
1661:
1655:
1654:
1650:
1645:This section
1643:
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1611:
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1600:
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1348:
1345:Wind farm in
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1153:
1151:
1150:Kriegers Flak
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1120:
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906:
903:
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895:
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788:
784:
780:
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767:
763:
755:
753:United States
752:
749:
747:
744:
743:
740:
738:
735:
732:
730:
727:
726:
723:
721:United States
720:
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7035:
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7019:"Technology"
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6034:Argus Leader
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3670:
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3640:
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3611:Offshorewind
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3580:
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3550:
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3529:. Retrieved
3520:
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3499:. Retrieved
3490:The Guardian
3488:
3479:
3467:. Retrieved
3462:
3453:
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3437:the original
3432:
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3363:
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3295:the original
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3190:
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3157:
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3090:
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3022:
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2992:
2973:
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2957:
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2917:The Guardian
2916:
2907:
2895:. Retrieved
2885:
2873:. Retrieved
2831:. Retrieved
2821:
2809:. Retrieved
2805:the original
2795:
2782:
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2764:
2760:
2750:
2741:
2728:
2713:
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2691:
2679:. Retrieved
2675:
2666:
2656:15 September
2654:. Retrieved
2650:the original
2640:
2628:. Retrieved
2624:
2615:
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2579:
2566:
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2550:
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2502:. Retrieved
2492:
2480:. Retrieved
2475:
2466:
2454:. Retrieved
2450:
2440:
2430:
2421:
2413:The Guardian
2411:
2391:
2386:
2321:
2317:
2309:
2300:transponders
2293:
2283:
2266:
2264:
2256:
2252:
2220:
2204:
2200:intermittent
2197:
2193:
2170:
2166:
2150:
2130:Pile-driving
2119:
2115:
2100:
2092:
2061:
2024:wind turbine
2017:
1987:
1969:
1958:
1949:, California
1924:Eastern Cape
1921:
1909:Western Cape
1906:
1893:
1885:
1846:South Africa
1840:
1816:
1805:
1801:
1794:
1790:Ilocos Norte
1783:
1768:
1759:
1744:Please help
1732:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1682:
1673:
1658:Please help
1646:
1608:
1596:
1565:
1553:
1516:
1482:
1443:
1403:London Array
1396:In 2011 the
1395:
1373:
1352:
1325:
1321:
1280:
1254:
1218:
1215:
1208:
1166:SWT-8.4-167
1139:SWT-3.6-120
1123:London Array
913:Commissioned
883:
873:
837:
829:
825:London Array
814:
802:
760:
336:
288:in southern
283:
241:
237:
220:
216:
205:Part of the
191:
171:
158:
154:
137:
124:habitat loss
120:green energy
117:
90:
73:
69:
65:
61:
59:
29:
7025:4 September
7003:4 September
6272:16 December
6078:5 September
6045:5 September
5989:: 252–259.
5843:: 252–259.
5516:12 December
4951:14 November
4849:Mnre.gov.in
4666:. Cez Group
4598:RenewableUK
4398:Ecogeek.org
4026:21 February
3934:6 September
3651:19 November
3521:4c Offshore
3501:6 September
3304:30 November
3202:16 December
3080:10 November
2875:12 November
2625:WINData LLC
2551:weather.gov
2482:27 December
1972:natural gas
1714:Philippines
1597:The 117 MW
1185:Netherlands
1083:Vestas V164
1077:Netherlands
1050:Netherlands
973:Vestas V164
938:SWT-7.0-154
910:& model
844:Great Lakes
178:anemometers
7639:Wind farms
7633:Categories
7519:Laddermill
7472:Betz's law
7417:including
7350:Yaw system
7242:Wind farms
7193:By country
7180:Wind power
7172:Wind power
6977:16 January
6806:9 February
6736:9 February
6615:18 October
5966:16 January
5729:18 January
5703:18 January
5675:18 January
5540:BioScience
5398:Energy.gov
5307:4 December
5195:8 December
5138:8 December
4996:mem.gov.ma
4859:6 December
4700:12 October
4670:14 October
4517:31 January
4445:31 January
4408:31 January
4356:31 January
4217:CNN Brasil
4190:Roser, Max
4087:MegaWhat ⚡
3957:(in Dutch)
3929:Vattenfall
3681:29 January
3621:29 January
3591:29 January
3561:13 January
3531:13 January
3469:3 February
3029:18 October
3003:18 October
2378:References
2362:Sea breeze
2261:Mitigation
2188:See also:
2156:' causing
2145:See also:
2122:fiberglass
2068:wind power
2009:California
1560:wind power
1523:Tamil Nadu
1478:Baltic Sea
1470:Higueruela
1466:Celtic Sea
1332:wind power
1245:at sunrise
799:, Denmark.
797:Copenhagen
777:See also:
376:Australia
301:Wind farm
251:See also:
182:wind vanes
174:wind atlas
42:California
6956:Outdated.
6610:0261-3077
6570:3 October
6564:ERCOT.com
6376:227251351
6360:0001-4966
5961:0013-0613
5927:0013-936X
5804:0027-8424
5573:7 January
5428:(1): 37.
5362:0027-8424
5280:9 January
5260:pp. 9–10.
5166:9 January
5102:6 January
5072:6 January
5049:6 January
4880:Bloomberg
4803:28 August
4578:9 January
3349:. Toronto
3291:0022-2402
2372:Wave farm
2241:near the
2056:Livestock
2020:GE Energy
1981:Northern
1837:Sri Lanka
1733:does not
1647:does not
1505:Bada Bagh
1462:North Sea
1454:supergrid
1419:Constanța
1328:gigawatts
1261:Bob Brown
1229:Australia
1224:By region
890:Wind farm
306:capacity
66:wind park
62:wind farm
7587:Category
7460:Concepts
7426:Goldwind
7390:Software
7343:Darrieus
7338:Savonius
7303:Floating
7288:Airborne
7230:panemone
7225:Windmill
7213:Turbines
7208:Offshore
7082:Archived
6921:Archived
6825:Archived
6754:Archived
6686:Archived
6512:24804716
6433:Archived
6393:Archived
6368:33261376
6291:Archived
6266:Archived
6230:Archived
6213:18560493
6128:Archived
6072:Archived
6039:Archived
6011:28672197
5935:38153963
5865:28672197
5822:35101973
5748:Archived
5723:BBC News
5634:21 April
5599:21 April
5564:Archived
5510:Archived
5459:Archived
5380:35101973
5254:Archived
5231:cite web
4903:14 March
4829:6 August
4784:BBC News
4644:cite web
4170:22 April
4103:cite web
4052:26 March
3983:Archived
3906:20 April
3900:Archived
3842:Archived
3787:1 August
3761:20 April
3755:Archived
3675:Archived
3645:Archived
3615:Archived
3585:Archived
3581:Electrek
3555:Archived
3525:Archived
3495:Archived
3443:20 April
3396:Archived
3347:The Star
3322:Archived
3147:Archived
3050:Archived
2981:Archived
2833:24 April
2811:24 April
2787:Archived
2335:See also
2279:aviation
2227:military
2103:setbacks
1997:Oklahoma
1896:May 2014
1812:Pagudpud
1614:Pakistan
1485:Seagreen
1356:Goldwind
1347:Xinjiang
1193:SWT-4.0
908:Turbines
894:Capacity
868:Net Zero
773:Offshore
533:Chengde
315:Country
304:Present
86:offshore
18:Windfarm
7599:Commons
7436:Senvion
7413:GE Wind
7408:Enercon
7355:bearing
7308:Nacelle
7198:History
6929:QinetiQ
6882:Reuters
6566:. ERCOT
6463:25 July
6338:Bibcode
6262:Toronto
6204:2430245
6110:2 April
5991:Bibcode
5907:Bibcode
5845:Bibcode
5813:8832964
5782:Bibcode
5430:Bibcode
5371:8832964
5340:Bibcode
5001:19 June
4976:19 June
4923:Reuters
4546:17 June
4129:5 March
4081:Doc88.
3876:10 June
3823:8 March
3731:1 April
3706:1 April
2923:2 March
2504:19 June
2328:soybean
2249:Effects
2239:Barstow
2231:weather
2180:risks.
2111:tourism
1928:Darling
1886:updated
1754:removed
1739:sources
1668:removed
1653:sources
1605:Morocco
1507:, India
1440:, Spain
1438:Galicia
1427:Glasgow
1409:in the
1364:Sinovel
1349:, China
1158:Denmark
968:SWT-3.6
966:Siemens
904:Country
762:Onshore
632:Romania
391:Sweden
247:Onshore
7618:Energy
7451:Vestas
7446:Suzlon
7431:Nordex
7318:QBlade
7298:Design
6833:Stasys
6608:
6531:Cosmos
6510:
6374:
6366:
6358:
6211:
6201:
6160:
6009:
5959:
5933:
5925:
5863:
5820:
5810:
5802:
5486:4 June
5378:
5368:
5360:
5027:28 May
4725:28 May
4634:14 May
4608:28 May
4253:28 May
4223:3 June
4093:3 June
3849:Ing.dk
3641:Ørsted
3289:
3223:28 May
3169:28 May
3122:28 May
2963:28 May
2897:28 May
2871:. GWEC
2630:28 May
2603:
2456:3 June
2451:Forbes
2432:Forbes
2289:TPS-77
2177:Cosmos
2173:nocebo
1808:Burgos
1786:Bangui
1591:Jordan
1577:Jordan
1386:Europe
1362:, and
1290:Canada
1271:Brazil
1189:150 ×
1135:175 ×
1108:102 ×
1085:9.5MW
1073:731.5
964:102 ×
934:174 x
840:Canada
785:, and
691:Egypt
677:Brazil
536:1,000
521:1,000
511:China
508:1,000
497:Brazil
465:Brazil
417:China
414:1,600
404:China
401:2,000
388:2,000
373:2,023
363:China
360:2,100
345:3,000
318:Notes
229:Design
211:Oregon
7360:drive
7323:Small
6560:(PDF)
6372:S2CID
6311:(PDF)
5780:(6).
5567:(PDF)
5560:(PDF)
5338:(6).
5185:(PDF)
5132:(PDF)
5121:(PDF)
4752:(PDF)
4745:(PDF)
4572:(PDF)
4565:(PDF)
4536:(PDF)
4478:(PDF)
4471:REN21
4467:(PDF)
4439:(PDF)
4428:(PDF)
4375:(PDF)
4293:(PDF)
4286:(PDF)
4164:IRENA
4160:(PDF)
4003:(PDF)
3961:8 May
3925:(PDF)
3817:(PDF)
3806:(PDF)
3415:Tu.no
3353:2 May
3298:(PDF)
3267:(PDF)
3249:(PDF)
3069:(PDF)
3023:BNDES
2869:(PDF)
2742:CAISO
2738:(PDF)
2701:(PDF)
2681:8 May
2576:(PDF)
2556:8 May
2223:radar
2066:from
1989:Texas
1825:near
1529:Japan
1495:India
1489:Angus
1425:near
1417:near
1301:China
1284:Piauí
1196:2017
1169:2021
1162:72 ×
1142:2013
1115:2020
1088:2021
1081:77 ×
1061:2020
1054:94 ×
1034:2021
1027:China
1013:2021
1007:90 ×
977:47 ×
971:40 ×
916:Refs
737:China
718:523.3
660:585.3
645:599.8
613:662.5
598:735.5
583:781.5
540:China
525:China
493:1,038
482:India
478:1,064
461:1,112
446:1,320
433:India
429:1,500
349:China
332:China
328:8,000
221:Many
7509:HVDC
7497:grid
7027:2015
7005:2015
6979:2024
6887:Cnet
6885:via
6808:2011
6778:IEEE
6738:2011
6617:2023
6606:ISSN
6572:2015
6543:2018
6508:PMID
6465:2016
6364:PMID
6356:ISSN
6274:2009
6209:PMID
6158:ISBN
6112:2022
6080:2019
6047:2019
6007:PMID
5968:2024
5957:ISSN
5931:PMID
5923:ISSN
5861:PMID
5818:PMID
5800:ISSN
5731:2022
5705:2022
5677:2022
5636:2006
5601:2006
5575:2012
5518:2020
5488:2024
5405:2022
5376:PMID
5358:ISSN
5309:2008
5282:2020
5237:link
5197:2019
5168:2020
5140:2019
5104:2010
5074:2010
5051:2010
5029:2015
5003:2016
4978:2016
4953:2016
4905:2018
4861:2013
4831:2013
4805:2014
4727:2015
4702:2012
4672:2011
4650:link
4636:2011
4610:2015
4580:2011
4548:2012
4519:2010
4499:(4).
4447:2010
4410:2010
4379:EWEA
4358:2010
4255:2015
4243:GWEC
4225:2024
4172:2022
4131:2022
4109:link
4095:2024
4054:2020
4028:2019
3963:2017
3936:2021
3908:2018
3878:2015
3825:2011
3789:2020
3763:2018
3733:2020
3708:2020
3683:2021
3653:2018
3623:2022
3593:2022
3563:2022
3533:2022
3503:2018
3471:2020
3445:2018
3355:2008
3306:2009
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