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77:. During World War I, he joined the U.S. Navy as a band musician after rapidly teaching himself to play saxophone; he later stated that, when "it became obvious that everybody had to go into the service, I wanted to go in as a musician". While playing in a service band, he taught himself to play most wind instruments. "They were just lying around," he later observed, "and no one minded if you picked them up and found out what they could do".
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968:. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1941. Reprint edition (as U.S. War Dept. Education Manual EM 601), Madison, Wisconsin: Published for the United States Armed Forces Institute by W. Norton, 1944. Revised ed, New York: W. W. Norton, 1948. Third ed., 1962. Fourth ed., revised and expanded by Mark DeVoto, 1978.
20:
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at 15 Ocean Street to Walter Hamor Piston, a bookkeeper, and Leona Stover. He was the second of four children. His paternal grandfather was a sailor named
Antonio Pistone, who changed his name to Anthony Piston when he came to Maine from
420:. This work went through four editions in the author's lifetime, was translated into several languages, and (with changes and additions by Mark DeVoto) was still regarded as recently as 2009 as a standard harmony text.
416:. The last of these introduced for the first time in theoretical literature several important new concepts that Piston had developed in his approach to music theory, notably the concept of harmonic rhythm, and the
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conducting on May 30, 1938. The dancers were Hans Weiner and his company. Soon after, Piston arranged a concert suite including "a selection of the best parts of the ballet." This version was premiered by
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In 1920, Piston married artist
Kathryn Nason (1892–1976), who had been a fellow student at the Normal Art School. The marriage lasted until her death in February 1976, a few months before his own.
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for organ (1940), which nonetheless retains a vague feeling of key. Although he employed twelve-tone elements sporadically throughout his career, these become much more pervasive in the
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Traveling
Fellowship. He chose to go to Paris, living there from 1924 to 1926. At the Ecole Nationale de Musique in Paris, he studied composition and counterpoint with
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Chinese version of the 2nd edition, as 和声学 , trans. Chenbao Feng and
Dunxing Shen. 北京 : 人民音乐出版社 : 新华书店北京发行所发行 , 1956. Revised, 北京 : 人民音乐出版社 , 1978.
66:
Walter Jr first trained as an engineer at the
Mechanical Arts High School in Boston, but was artistically inclined. After graduating in 1912, he enrolled in the
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and wrote works using aspects of it as early as the Sonata for Flute and Piano (1930) and the First
Symphony (1937). His first fully twelve-tone work was the
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Firmino, Érico
Artioli; Bueno, José Lino Oliveira; Bigand, Emmanuel (February 2009). "Travelling Through Pitch Space Speeds up Musical Time".
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1008:. New York: Norton, 1955. Russian translation, as 'Оркестровка', translation and notes by Constantine Ivanov. Moscow: Soviet Composer, 1990,
984:. British editions, London: Victor Gollancz, 1949, rev. ed. 1950 (reprinted 1973), 1959, 3rd ed. 1970, 4th ed. 1982. Spanish translation, as
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was transcribed for symphonic wind ensemble by MSgt Donald
Patterson and recorded by Col. Michael Colburn with "The President's Own"
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Finding aid for the George
Trescher records related to The Metropolitan Museum of Art Centennial, 1949, 1960–1971 (bulk 1967–1970)
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During the 1910s, Piston made a living playing piano and violin in dance bands and later playing violin in orchestras led by
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Pollack, Howard (Spring 1987). "Review: String
Quartets, Nos. 1–5; Quintet for Flute and String Quartet by Walter Piston".
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96:. He often worked as an assistant for various music professors there, and conducted the student orchestra.
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on March 5, 1944 and was awarded a prize by the New York Music Critics' Circle. His next symphony,
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Walter Piston: Symphony No. 4, Capriccio for Harp and String Orchestra, Three New England Sketches
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His library and desk are permanently exhibited in the Piston Room, at the Boston Public Library.
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Harvard Composers: Walter Piston and His Students, from Elliott Carter to Frederic Rzewski
343:(1965) and many of the works following it: the Variations for Cello and Orchestra (1966),
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Hudson, Edward (November 13, 1976). "Walter Piston Dies; Composer Won Two Pulitzers".
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with Archibald Davison, canon and fugue with Clifford Heilman, advanced harmony with
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Composer Genealogies: A Compendium of Composers, Their Teachers, and Their Students
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Official publisher of Walter Piston: bio, works list, discography, events and more
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He taught at Harvard from 1926 until his retirement in 1960. His students include
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1871:, Deane Root, editor in chief. (Subscription access). Previously published in
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59:. In 1905 the composer's father, Walter Piston Sr, moved with his family to
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1680:. Seattle Symphony Orchestra; Gerard Schwarz, conductor. Naxos CD 8.559162"
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1536:, Paul Doktor, viola, Louisville Orchestra, Robert Whitney; Walter Piston:
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Piston: Symphony No. 6; Three New England Sketches; The Incredible Flutist
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1968:; Piston, Walter (Fall–Winter 1968). "Conversation with Walter Piston".
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and Piston) to write works for broadcast on CBS radio. Piston wrote his
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351:, Fantasy for Violin and Orchestra (1970), and Flute Concerto (1971).
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1592:(3): 354–375, list of works and premieres up to 1946 on pp. 374–375.
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1941:
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Archibald, Bruce (April 1978). "Reviews of Records: 'Walter Piston:
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He died at his home in Belmont, Massachusetts on November 12, 1976.
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1983:
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Concerto for String Quartet, Wind Instruments and Percussion (1976)
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988:, rev. y ampliada por Mark DeVoto. Barcelona: Idea Books, 2001.
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which are considered to be classics in their respective fields:
19:
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70:, where he completed a four-year program in fine art in 1916.
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1926:(September–October 1962). "'Greatest Music Teacher' at 75".
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1503:"Announcement of Albany Recording of Cello and Piano Duo"
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30:(January 20, 1894 – November 12, 1976), was an American
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Morgan, Paula (2001). "D'Accone, Frank A(Anthony)". In
1532:, Louisville Orchestra, Robert Whitney; Walter Piston:
475:(1946–47) (commissioned by the Koussevitzky Foundation)
239:
List of music students by teacher: N to Q#Walter Piston
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1528:, Louisville Orchestra, Jorge Mester; Walter Piston:
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Three Pieces, for flute, clarinet, and bassoon (1925)
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Boston Public Library website, Rare Books Department
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Piston wrote four books on the technical aspects of
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for his outstanding contribution to the arts by the
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Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
1899:. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press.
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976:. 5th edition, revised and expanded by Mark DeVoto
1863:Pollack, Howard (2001). "Piston, Walter (Hamor)".
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766:Fantasy for English Horn, Harp, and Strings (1953)
481:(1950) (composed for the 100th anniversary of the
2074:(9th (Centennial) ed.). New York: Schirmer.
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1916:A History of Harmonic Theory in the United States
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626:, for symphonic band (1950) (Commissioned by the
497:(1955) (composed for the 75th anniversary of the
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1404:, 2006. Label: Altissimo! Reference: B000QZSTZ2.
1382:
756:Prelude and Allegro for Organ and Strings (1943)
2016:Greene's Biographical Encyclopedia of Composers
1874:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
1744:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
1698:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
1493:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
1482:Andersen, Leslie N. (2001). "Ronell, Ann ". In
943:, for mixed chorus and seven instruments (1959)
590:Variations on a Theme by Edward Burlingame Hill
1758:. New York, London: Rowman & Littlefield.
1140:
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3444:Quartet No. 3 for strings and electronic tape
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2071:Baker's Biographical Dictionary of Musicians
2068:; Laura Kuhn; Dennis McIntire, eds. (2001).
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1247:
1245:
946:"O sing unto the Lord a new song" (Psalm 96)
841:Partita, for violin, viola, and organ (1944)
698:Concerto for Two Pianos and Orchestra (1959)
382:also later received Critics' Circle awards.
124:Three Pieces for Flute, Clarinet and Bassoon
38:, music theorist, and professor of music at
1809:. Ann Arbor, Michigan: UMI Research Press.
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1918:. Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press.
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1221:"A Footnote in the History of Radio Music"
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2050:. Metuchen, New Jersey: Scarecrow Press.
1540:, Louisville Orchestra, Jorge Mester.'".
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746:Variations for Cello and Orchestra (1966)
314:CD recording that also featured Piston's
92:, and composition and music history with
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636:, for brass (1969) (Commissioned by the
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2240:Capriccio for Harp and String Orchestra
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949:"Bow down thine ear, O Lord" (Psalm 86)
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683:Capriccio for Harp and String Orchestra
126:of 1925 was his first published score.
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1892:The Cambridge Companion to the Violin
1500:
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880:, for violin, viola, and cello (1973)
835:Interlude, for viola and piano (1942)
555:Variation on a Tune by Eugene Goosens
354:In 1943, the Alice M. Ditson Fund of
248:commissioned six American composers (
3708:20th-century American male musicians
2018:. Garden City, New York: Doubleday.
1673:
1388:
1305:"Piston Honored by MacDowell Colony"
272:and conducted its premiere with the
2391:
2281:Sonatina for Violin and Harpsichord
1705:
1623:"Walter Piston, Practical Theorist"
1146:
871:, for flute, viola, and harp (1967)
830:Sonatina for Violin and Harpsichord
337:Chromatic Study on the Name of Bach
106:from Harvard, Piston was awarded a
13:
3678:People from Belmont, Massachusetts
3658:American people of Italian descent
2008:
1747:(2nd ed.). London: Macmillan.
1701:(2nd ed.). London: Macmillan.
1496:(2nd ed.). London: Macmillan.
1034:"Music and History: Walter Piston"
934:, for male chorus and brass (1938)
826:Sonata for Violin and Piano (1939)
14:
3719:
3633:American male classical composers
2250:Fantasia for Violin and Orchestra
2142:
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817:Sonata for Flute and Piano (1930)
721:Fantasia for Violin and Orchestra
620:, for brass and percussion (1942)
560:Suite No. 2, for orchestra (1947)
3693:Pupils of Edward Burlingame Hill
3683:Burials at Mount Auburn Cemetery
3673:Pulitzer Prize for Music winners
3643:20th-century classical composers
3600:
3588:
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2799:
2790:
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2334:
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2096:Art of the States: Walter Piston
1534:Concerto for Viola and Orchestra
1348:Firmino, Bueno & Bigand 2009
628:American Bandmasters Association
584:Lincoln Center Festival Overture
3703:20th-century American composers
1407:
1394:
1353:
1297:
1231:from the original on 2023-12-09
1219:Kosovsky, Bob (June 13, 2017).
1212:
1002:. New York: W. W. Norton, 1947.
962:. Boston: E. C. Schirmer, 1933.
960:Principles of Harmonic Analysis
916:Chromatic Study on the Name of
874:Duo, for cello and piano (1972)
820:Suite for Oboe and Piano (1931)
618:Fanfare for the Fighting French
402:Principles of Harmonic Analysis
68:Massachusetts Normal Art School
2663:Modes of limited transposition
2038:Milken Archive of Jewish Music
1582:(July 1946). "Walter Piston".
850:Duo for Viola and Cello (1949)
648:
601:Ricercare for Orchestra (1967)
1:
2034:Robert Strassburg (1915–2003)
1897:Cambridge Companions to Music
1135:Westergaard & Piston 1968
1094:Westergaard & Piston 1968
847:, for nine instruments (1946)
640:in New York to accompany its
563:Toccata, for orchestra (1948)
527:Concerto for Orchestra (1934)
449:
362:, which was premiered by the
310:included the suite in a 1991
300:Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra
16:American composer (1894–1976)
3688:American classical musicians
3638:American classical composers
3456:Echoes of Time and the River
2014:Greene, David Mason (1985).
1783:St. Louis Symphony Orchestra
1733:(2001). "Wyner, Yehudi". In
308:St. Louis Symphony Orchestra
246:Columbia Broadcasting System
7:
3653:People from Rockland, Maine
2713:Quartal and quintal harmony
2402:List of modernist composers
1715:American Symphony Orchestra
1711:"Walter Piston (1894–1976)"
1225:The New York Public Library
903:Variation on Happy Birthday
663:
644:exhibition "The Year 1200")
524:Suite, for orchestra (1929)
364:National Symphony Orchestra
10:
3724:
3698:Columbia University people
3668:Harvard University faculty
2223:Three New England Sketches
1885:. London: Macmillan, 2001.
1752:Pfitzinger, Scott (2017).
1474:
1420:. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
1418:Metropolitan Museum of Art
909:
884:
638:Metropolitan Museum of Art
574:Three New England Sketches
317:Three New England Sketches
289:, which premiered it with
279:Piston's only dance work,
84:in 1920, where he studied
3648:American ballet composers
3494:
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2626:
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2415:
2408:
2399:
2359:
2354:Links to related articles
2330:
2314:
2273:
2232:
2169:
2150:
1971:Perspectives of New Music
1877:, 2nd edition, edited by
941:Psalm and Prayer of David
925:
702:
540:United States Marine Band
499:Boston Symphony Orchestra
434:
378:. His Viola Concerto and
274:Boston Symphony Orchestra
3433:Variations for Orchestra
3382:Pulitzer Prize for Music
3166:Pulitzer Prize for Music
3013:Gottfried Michael Koenig
2044:Pollack, Howard (1992).
2040:(accessed 16 June 2017).
1914:Thompson, David (1980).
1656:10.1525/mp.2009.26.3.205
1020:
953:
760:
750:
740:
727:
689:
653:
580:Symphonic Prelude (1961)
429:
28:Walter Hamor Piston, Jr.
3214:The Canticle of the Sun
1929:Music Educators Journal
1889:Stowell, Robin (1992).
1501:Anon. (November 2007).
1038:www.musicandhistory.com
865:Piano Trio No. 2 (1966)
823:Piano Trio No. 1 (1935)
695:Piano Concertino (1937)
676:
612:Band and brass ensemble
549:Fugue on a Victory Tune
534:(1940) (The suite from
483:University of Minnesota
385:Piston was awarded the
349:Ricercare for Orchestra
80:Piston was admitted to
45:
3073:Second Viennese School
2764:Second Viennese School
2757:Schools of composition
2177:Serenata for Orchestra
2159:The Incredible Flutist
1598:10.1093/mq/XXXII.3.354
1538:The Incredible Flutist
607:, for orchestra (1975)
567:Serenata for Orchestra
551:, for orchestra (1944)
536:The Incredible Flutist
532:The Incredible Flutist
442:The Incredible Flutist
387:Edward MacDowell Medal
358:commissioned Piston's
302:on November 22, 1940.
285:, was written for the
282:The Incredible Flutist
94:Edward Burlingame Hill
24:
3105:Karlheinz Stockhausen
3063:Einojuhani Rautavaara
2748:Twelve-tone technique
2265:Violin Concerto No. 2
2260:Violin Concerto No. 1
1674:Lowe, Steven (2002).
1621:DeVoto, Mark (1994).
1585:The Musical Quarterly
1556:10.1093/mq/lxiv.2.263
1543:The Musical Quarterly
1507:Records International
1282:, pp. 35, 72–73.
715:Violin Concerto No. 2
709:Violin Concerto No. 1
659:Flute Concerto (1971)
329:twelve-tone technique
287:Boston Pops Orchestra
61:Boston, Massachusetts
22:
3466:String Quartet No. 3
3048:Krzysztof Penderecki
3003:Josef Matthias Hauer
2943:André Boucourechliev
2898:Osvaldas Balakauskas
2306:String Quartet No. 5
2301:String Quartet No. 4
2296:String Quartet No. 3
2291:String Quartet No. 2
2286:String Quartet No. 1
1338:, pp. 127, 143.
1197:, pp. 422, 522.
890:Piano Sonata (1926)
862:String Sextet (1964)
859:Piano Quartet (1964)
853:Piano Quintet (1949)
838:Flute Quintet (1942)
807:String Quartet No. 5
801:String Quartet No. 4
795:String Quartet No. 3
789:String Quartet No. 2
783:String Quartet No. 1
774:Chamber/Instrumental
605:Bicentennial Fanfare
380:String Quartet No. 5
199:Mildred Barnes Royse
2968:Niccolò Castiglioni
878:Three Counterpoints
856:Wind Quintet (1956)
356:Columbia University
327:Piston studied the
266:William Grant Still
114:, composition with
50:Piston was born in
3249:Gian Carlo Menotti
3203:Appalachian Spring
3023:Witold Lutosławski
2988:Luigi Dallapiccola
2883:Hans Erich Apostel
2106:2008-09-05 at the
2066:Slonimsky, Nicolas
1966:Westergaard, Peter
1866:Grove Music Online
1709:(March 29, 2011).
1666:The New York Times
1309:The New York Times
893:Passacaglia (1943)
634:Ceremonial Fanfare
545:Sinfonietta (1941)
418:secondary dominant
276:on April 8, 1938.
108:John Knowles Paine
40:Harvard University
25:
3576:
3575:
3570:
3569:
3348:
3347:
3132:
3131:
3083:Arnold Schoenberg
2813:
2812:
2622:
2621:
2346:
2345:
2245:Clarinet Concerto
2081:978-0-02-865525-3
2024:978-0-385-14278-6
670:Clarinet Concerto
596:Pine Tree Fantasy
345:Clarinet Concerto
333:Arnold Schoenberg
227:Robert Strassburg
143:Leonard Bernstein
90:Edward Ballantine
3715:
3605:
3604:
3603:
3593:
3592:
3591:
3584:
3489:
3471:Charles Wuorinen
3447:
3375:
3368:
3361:
3352:
3351:
3267:
3159:
3152:
3145:
3136:
3135:
3115:Charles Wuorinen
3100:Nikos Skalkottas
2993:Karel Goeyvaerts
2873:Louis Andriessen
2840:
2833:
2826:
2817:
2816:
2803:
2793:
2792:
2769:Darmstadt School
2703:Post-romanticism
2413:
2412:
2386:
2379:
2372:
2363:
2362:
2350:
2349:
2337:
2336:
2315:Related articles
2170:Orchestral music
2137:
2130:
2123:
2114:
2113:
2085:
2061:
2003:
1961:
1919:
1910:
1870:
1859:
1820:
1798:
1769:
1748:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1702:
1683:
1676:"Liner notes to
1670:
1659:
1643:Music Perception
1636:
1634:
1632:
1627:
1617:
1575:
1516:
1514:
1513:
1497:
1469:
1463:
1457:
1451:
1445:
1439:
1433:
1427:
1421:
1411:
1405:
1400:US Marine Band,
1398:
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1097:
1091:
1085:
1080:
1071:
1066:
1049:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1030:
779:String quartets
391:MacDowell Colony
235:William P. Perry
203:Frederic Rzewski
187:Robert Middleton
179:Billy Jim Layton
118:and violin with
3723:
3722:
3718:
3717:
3716:
3714:
3713:
3712:
3613:
3612:
3611:
3607:Classical music
3601:
3599:
3589:
3587:
3579:
3577:
3572:
3571:
3566:
3490:
3481:
3476:Time's Encomium
3437:
3385:
3379:
3349:
3344:
3268:
3259:
3243:Louisiana Story
3178:William Schuman
3169:
3163:
3133:
3128:
3068:Humphrey Searle
3043:Juan Carlos Paz
2963:Jacques Calonne
2913:Richard Barrett
2888:Kees van Baaren
2863:Hans Abrahamsen
2854:
2844:
2814:
2809:
2786:
2773:
2752:
2678:New Objectivity
2631:
2629:
2618:
2582:
2404:
2395:
2393:Modernist music
2390:
2355:
2347:
2342:
2326:
2322:Harmonic rhythm
2310:
2269:
2228:
2165:
2146:
2141:
2108:Wayback Machine
2092:
2082:
2064:
2058:
2043:
2011:
2009:Further reading
2006:
1942:10.2307/3389760
1924:Thomson, Virgil
1907:
1840:10.2307/3051879
1817:
1803:Pollack, Howard
1779:Leonard Slatkin
1766:
1720:
1718:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1580:Carter, Elliott
1511:
1509:
1477:
1472:
1464:
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1452:
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1334:
1330:
1321:
1319:
1303:
1302:
1298:
1290:
1286:
1278:
1274:
1268:RCA Victor 1991
1266:
1262:
1254:
1243:
1234:
1232:
1217:
1213:
1205:
1201:
1195:Pfitzinger 2017
1193:
1189:
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1177:
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1165:
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1092:
1088:
1081:
1074:
1067:
1052:
1042:
1040:
1032:
1031:
1027:
1023:
956:
928:
912:
887:
776:
763:
753:
743:
730:
705:
692:
679:
666:
656:
651:
614:
519:Symphonic Piece
452:
437:
432:
341:Eighth Symphony
304:Leonard Slatkin
254:Louis Gruenberg
112:Nadia Boulanger
104:summa cum laude
82:Harvard College
52:Rockland, Maine
48:
36:classical music
17:
12:
11:
5:
3721:
3711:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
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3685:
3680:
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3501:
3495:
3492:
3491:
3484:
3482:
3480:
3479:
3468:
3459:
3448:
3435:
3429:Leslie Bassett
3426:
3423:
3420:
3418:Piano Concerto
3411:
3400:
3398:Symphony No. 7
3390:
3387:
3386:
3378:
3377:
3370:
3363:
3355:
3346:
3345:
3343:
3342:
3335:
3328:
3321:
3314:
3307:
3300:
3293:
3286:
3279:
3273:
3270:
3269:
3262:
3260:
3258:
3257:
3246:
3238:Virgil Thomson
3235:
3233:Symphony No. 3
3226:
3224:Symphony No. 3
3217:
3206:
3195:
3193:Symphony No. 4
3186:
3174:
3171:
3170:
3162:
3161:
3154:
3147:
3139:
3130:
3129:
3127:
3126:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3095:Roger Sessions
3092:
3091:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3058:Henri Pousseur
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3033:Donald Martino
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2998:Henryk Górecki
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2938:Konrad Boehmer
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2893:Milton Babbitt
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2859:
2856:
2855:
2843:
2842:
2835:
2828:
2820:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2807:
2797:
2783:Romantic music
2779:
2778:
2775:
2774:
2772:
2771:
2766:
2760:
2758:
2754:
2753:
2751:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2688:Pandiatonicism
2685:
2680:
2675:
2673:New Complexity
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2634:
2632:
2627:
2624:
2623:
2620:
2619:
2617:
2616:
2615:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2593:United States
2590:
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2583:
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2580:
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2573:
2568:
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2515:
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2459:
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2449:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2419:
2417:
2410:
2406:
2405:
2400:
2397:
2396:
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2381:
2374:
2366:
2360:
2357:
2356:
2344:
2343:
2331:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2324:
2318:
2316:
2312:
2311:
2309:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2277:
2275:
2271:
2270:
2268:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2255:Viola Concerto
2252:
2247:
2242:
2236:
2234:
2230:
2229:
2227:
2226:
2219:
2217:Symphony No. 8
2214:
2212:Symphony No. 7
2209:
2207:Symphony No. 6
2204:
2202:Symphony No. 5
2199:
2197:Symphony No. 4
2194:
2192:Symphony No. 3
2189:
2187:Symphony No. 2
2184:
2182:Symphony No. 1
2179:
2173:
2171:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2163:
2154:
2152:
2148:
2147:
2140:
2139:
2132:
2125:
2117:
2111:
2110:
2098:
2091:
2090:External links
2088:
2087:
2086:
2080:
2062:
2056:
2041:
2030:Levin, Neil W.
2027:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2004:
1984:10.2307/832423
1962:
1920:
1911:
1905:
1886:
1860:
1834:(1): 119–121.
1827:American Music
1821:
1815:
1799:
1773:Anon. (1991).
1770:
1764:
1749:
1731:Perlis, Vivian
1727:
1717:program notes)
1703:
1684:
1671:
1660:
1650:(3): 205–209.
1637:
1618:
1576:
1550:(2): 263–268.
1530:Symphony No. 5
1526:Symphony No. 8
1522:Symphony No. 7
1517:
1498:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1470:
1458:
1456:, p. 189.
1446:
1434:
1432:, p. 108.
1422:
1406:
1393:
1381:
1364:
1352:
1350:, p. 206.
1340:
1328:
1311:. 1974-08-19.
1296:
1294:, p. 267.
1292:Archibald 1978
1284:
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839:
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827:
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821:
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815:
812:
811:
810:
804:
798:
792:
786:
775:
772:
771:
770:
767:
762:
759:
758:
757:
752:
749:
748:
747:
742:
739:
738:
737:
734:Viola Concerto
729:
726:
725:
724:
718:
712:
704:
701:
700:
699:
696:
691:
688:
687:
686:
678:
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661:
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655:
652:
650:
647:
646:
645:
631:
624:Tunbridge Fair
621:
613:
610:
609:
608:
602:
599:
593:
587:
581:
578:
570:
564:
561:
558:
552:
546:
543:
528:
525:
522:
516:
515:
514:
511:Symphony No. 8
508:
505:Symphony No. 7
502:
495:Symphony No. 6
492:
489:Symphony No. 5
486:
479:Symphony No. 4
476:
473:Symphony No. 3
470:
467:Symphony No. 2
464:
461:Symphony No. 1
451:
448:
447:
446:
436:
433:
431:
428:
410:Orchestration,
376:Symphony No. 7
372:Pulitzer Prize
360:Symphony No. 2
322:Symphony No. 6
291:Arthur Fiedler
270:Symphony No. 1
219:Frank D'Accone
211:Harold Shapero
195:Daniel Pinkham
151:Elliott Carter
147:Gordon Binkerd
135:Leroy Anderson
102:On graduating
47:
44:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3720:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3620:
3618:
3608:
3598:
3596:
3586:
3585:
3582:
3562:
3558:
3555:
3551:
3548:
3544:
3541:
3537:
3534:
3530:
3527:
3523:
3520:
3516:
3513:
3509:
3506:
3502:
3500:
3499:Complete list
3497:
3496:
3493:
3488:
3478:
3477:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3457:
3452:
3449:
3446:
3445:
3440:
3439:Leon Kirchner
3436:
3434:
3430:
3427:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3415:
3414:Samuel Barber
3412:
3410:
3409:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3395:
3394:Walter Piston
3392:
3391:
3388:
3383:
3376:
3371:
3369:
3364:
3362:
3357:
3356:
3353:
3340:
3336:
3333:
3329:
3326:
3322:
3319:
3315:
3312:
3308:
3305:
3301:
3298:
3294:
3291:
3287:
3284:
3280:
3278:
3277:Complete list
3275:
3274:
3271:
3266:
3256:
3255:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3244:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3230:
3229:Walter Piston
3227:
3225:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3215:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3204:
3199:
3198:Aaron Copland
3196:
3194:
3190:
3189:Howard Hanson
3187:
3185:
3184:
3179:
3176:
3175:
3172:
3167:
3160:
3155:
3153:
3148:
3146:
3141:
3140:
3137:
3124:
3123:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3110:Richard Swift
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3075:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3028:Bruno Maderna
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2978:Aaron Copland
2976:
2974:
2973:Aldo Clementi
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2953:Martin Boykan
2951:
2949:
2948:Pierre Boulez
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2933:Luciano Berio
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2923:Arthur Berger
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2908:Jean Barraqué
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
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2860:
2857:
2852:
2848:
2841:
2836:
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2829:
2827:
2822:
2821:
2818:
2806:
2802:
2798:
2796:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2784:
2776:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2761:
2759:
2755:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2648:Expressionism
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2635:
2633:
2625:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
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2585:
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2557:
2554:
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2519:
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2512:
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2507:
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2358:
2351:
2341:
2340:
2329:
2323:
2320:
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2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2278:
2276:
2274:Chamber music
2272:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
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2203:
2200:
2198:
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2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2168:
2161:
2160:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2144:Walter Piston
2138:
2133:
2131:
2126:
2124:
2119:
2118:
2115:
2109:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2093:
2083:
2077:
2073:
2072:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2057:0-8108-2493-0
2053:
2049:
2048:
2042:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2012:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1972:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1930:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1912:
1908:
1906:0-521-39923-8
1902:
1898:
1894:
1893:
1887:
1884:
1880:
1879:Stanley Sadie
1876:
1875:
1868:
1867:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1828:
1822:
1818:
1816:0-8357-1280-X
1812:
1808:
1807:Walter Piston
1804:
1800:
1797:. 60798-2-RC.
1796:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1771:
1767:
1765:9781442272248
1761:
1757:
1756:
1750:
1746:
1745:
1740:
1736:
1735:Stanley Sadie
1732:
1728:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1707:Oja, Carol J.
1704:
1700:
1699:
1694:
1690:
1689:Stanley Sadie
1685:
1681:
1679:
1672:
1669:. p. 21.
1668:
1667:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
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1638:
1624:
1619:
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1557:
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1549:
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1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1518:
1508:
1504:
1499:
1495:
1494:
1489:
1485:
1484:Stanley Sadie
1480:
1479:
1467:
1462:
1455:
1450:
1443:
1438:
1431:
1426:
1419:
1415:
1410:
1403:
1397:
1390:
1385:
1379:, p. 375
1378:
1373:
1371:
1369:
1361:
1356:
1349:
1344:
1337:
1336:Thompson 1980
1332:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1300:
1293:
1288:
1281:
1276:
1269:
1264:
1258:, p. 374
1257:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1215:
1208:
1203:
1196:
1191:
1184:
1183:Andersen 2001
1179:
1172:
1167:
1160:
1155:
1148:
1143:
1136:
1131:
1129:
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1116:
1110:
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1103:
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1084:
1079:
1077:
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1063:
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1057:
1055:
1039:
1035:
1029:
1025:
1015:
1014:5-85285-014-4
1011:
1007:
1006:Orchestration
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
994:84-8236-224-0
991:
987:
983:
982:0-393-95480-3
979:
975:
974:0-393-09034-5
971:
967:
964:
961:
958:
957:
948:
945:
942:
939:
936:
933:
932:Carnival Song
930:
929:
920:
919:
914:
913:
904:
901:
898:
897:Improvisation
895:
892:
889:
888:
879:
876:
873:
870:
867:
864:
861:
858:
855:
852:
849:
846:
843:
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837:
834:
831:
828:
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768:
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764:
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731:
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719:
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629:
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619:
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579:
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541:
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394:
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388:
383:
381:
377:
374:, as did his
373:
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309:
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301:
297:
292:
288:
284:
283:
277:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
258:Howard Hanson
255:
251:
250:Aaron Copland
247:
244:In 1936, the
242:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
217:, as well as
216:
215:Claudio Spies
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
171:Ellis B. Kohs
168:
164:
163:John Harbison
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
139:Arthur Berger
136:
132:
127:
125:
121:
120:George Enescu
117:
113:
109:
105:
100:
97:
95:
91:
87:
83:
78:
76:
75:Georges Longy
71:
69:
64:
62:
58:
53:
43:
41:
37:
33:
29:
23:Walter Piston
21:
3474:
3454:
3451:George Crumb
3442:
3408:The Crucible
3406:
3393:
3252:
3241:
3228:
3220:Charles Ives
3212:
3201:
3181:
3120:
3088:Anton Webern
3053:George Perle
3018:Ernst Krenek
3008:Ben Johnston
2983:Henry Cowell
2928:Erik Bergman
2878:Denis ApIvor
2781:
2743:Tone cluster
2698:Polytonality
2643:Experimental
2332:
2221:
2157:
2143:
2069:
2046:
2015:
1975:
1969:
1933:
1927:
1915:
1891:
1883:John Tyrrell
1872:
1864:
1831:
1825:
1806:
1774:
1754:
1742:
1739:John Tyrrell
1719:. Retrieved
1696:
1693:John Tyrrell
1677:
1664:
1647:
1641:
1629:. Retrieved
1589:
1583:
1547:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1510:. Retrieved
1506:
1491:
1488:John Tyrrell
1461:
1454:Stowell 1992
1449:
1442:Pollack 1987
1437:
1430:Pollack 1982
1425:
1409:
1402:Family Album
1401:
1396:
1384:
1355:
1343:
1331:
1320:. Retrieved
1308:
1299:
1287:
1280:Pollack 1982
1275:
1263:
1233:. Retrieved
1224:
1214:
1202:
1190:
1178:
1166:
1159:Thomson 1962
1154:
1142:
1137:, p. 4.
1120:Pollack 2001
1115:
1096:, p. 3.
1089:
1069:Pollack 2001
1041:. Retrieved
1037:
1028:
1005:
1000:Counterpoint
999:
985:
965:
959:
940:
937:March (1940)
931:
915:
902:
896:
877:
868:
845:Divertimento
844:
633:
623:
617:
604:
595:
589:
583:
572:
554:
548:
535:
531:
518:
440:
425:
422:
413:
409:
406:Counterpoint
405:
401:
398:music theory
395:
384:
353:
348:
336:
326:
315:
296:Fritz Reiner
280:
278:
243:
231:Yehudi Wyner
191:Robert Moevs
155:John Davison
131:Samuel Adler
128:
123:
101:
98:
86:counterpoint
79:
72:
65:
57:Genoa, Italy
49:
27:
26:
3628:1976 deaths
3623:1894 births
3403:Robert Ward
3384:(1961–1970)
3209:Leo Sowerby
3183:A Free Song
3168:(1943–1950)
2868:Gilbert Amy
2847:Twelve-tone
2693:Polyrhythms
2668:Neotonality
2556:Szymanowski
2233:Concertante
2151:Stage works
1978:(1): 3–17.
1777:(booklet).
1377:Carter 1946
1256:Carter 1946
1207:Perlis 2001
1171:Morgan 2001
1109:Hudson 1976
1083:DeVoto 1994
649:Concertante
530:Suite from
370:, earned a
159:Irving Fine
3617:Categories
3462:Karel Husa
3425:n.a. ('65)
3422:n.a. ('64)
3254:The Consul
3078:Alban Berg
3038:Luigi Nono
2738:Surrealism
2733:Stochastic
2723:Sound mass
2658:Microtonal
2630:techniques
2628:Genres and
2576:Stravinsky
2536:Skalkottas
2441:Schoenberg
1795:1082363025
1787:RCA Victor
1721:3 February
1631:3 February
1512:2007-11-18
1466:Anon. 2007
1322:2024-03-07
1235:2024-03-07
642:Centennial
456:Symphonies
450:Orchestral
312:RCA Victor
262:Roy Harris
223:Ann Ronell
207:Allen Sapp
175:Gail Kubik
116:Paul Dukas
3595:Biography
3561:Citations
3554:2011–2020
3547:2001–2010
3540:1991–2000
3533:1981–1990
3526:1971–1980
3519:1961–1970
3512:1951–1960
3505:1943–1950
3339:Citations
3332:2011–2020
3325:2001–2010
3318:1991–2000
3311:1981–1990
3304:1971–1980
3297:1961–1970
3290:1951–1960
3283:1943–1950
2918:Jürg Baur
2903:Don Banks
2853:composers
2718:Serialism
2638:Atonality
2566:Prokofiev
2409:Composers
2032:(2017). "
1992:0031-6016
1958:143686296
1936:(1): 43.
1848:0734-4392
1606:0027-4631
1564:0027-4631
1389:Lowe 2002
1317:0362-4331
869:Souvenirs
393:in 1974.
368:the Third
167:Karl Kohn
2958:Ole Buck
2795:Category
2728:Spectral
2653:Futurism
2587:Americas
2571:Scriabin
2542:Hungary
2517:Germany
2501:Messiaen
2496:Koechlin
2472:Finland
2462:Czechia
2456:Pousseur
2452:Belgium
2422:Austria
2339:Category
2162:(ballet)
2104:Archived
1805:(1982).
1741:(eds.).
1695:(eds.).
1490:(eds.).
1229:Archived
1147:Oja 2011
664:Clarinet
347:(1967),
306:and the
298:and the
183:Noël Lee
32:composer
3581:Portals
3473:('70):
3464:('69):
3453:('68):
3441:('67):
3431:('66):
3416:('63):
3405:('62):
3396:('61):
3251:('50):
3240:('49):
3231:('48):
3222:('47):
3211:('46):
3200:('45):
3191:('44):
3180:('43):
2780: ←
2708:Process
2597:Antheil
2562:Russia
2552:Poland
2532:Greece
2526:Strauss
2506:Milhaud
2491:Jolivet
2482:France
2476:Bergman
1950:3389760
1856:3051879
1475:Sources
1043:June 6,
986:Armonía
966:Harmony
414:Harmony
237:. See:
2851:serial
2805:Portal
2607:Cowell
2602:Carter
2546:Bartók
2511:Varèse
2446:Webern
2436:Mahler
2431:Krenek
2416:Europe
2078:
2054:
2022:
2000:832423
1998:
1990:
1956:
1948:
1903:
1854:
1846:
1813:
1793:
1762:
1614:739196
1612:
1604:
1572:741453
1570:
1562:
1315:
1012:
992:
980:
972:
926:Choral
921:(1940)
905:(1970)
899:(1945)
832:(1945)
809:(1962)
803:(1951)
797:(1947)
791:(1935)
785:(1933)
736:(1957)
723:(1970)
717:(1960)
711:(1939)
703:Violin
685:(1963)
672:(1967)
598:(1965)
592:(1963)
586:(1962)
577:(1959)
569:(1956)
557:(1944)
521:(1927)
513:(1965)
507:(1960)
491:(1954)
469:(1943)
463:(1937)
445:(1938)
435:Ballet
233:, and
213:, and
122:. His
2683:Noise
2521:Reger
2486:Henry
1996:JSTOR
1954:S2CID
1946:JSTOR
1852:JSTOR
1626:(PDF)
1610:JSTOR
1568:JSTOR
1021:Notes
954:Books
910:Organ
885:Piano
761:Other
751:Organ
741:Cello
728:Viola
690:Piano
654:Flute
430:Works
3122:more
2849:and
2612:Ives
2466:Hába
2426:Berg
2076:ISBN
2052:ISBN
2020:ISBN
1988:ISSN
1901:ISBN
1881:and
1844:ISSN
1811:ISBN
1791:OCLC
1760:ISBN
1723:2011
1633:2011
1602:ISSN
1560:ISSN
1313:ISSN
1045:2019
1010:ISBN
990:ISBN
978:ISBN
970:ISBN
918:BACH
677:Harp
412:and
320:and
46:Life
3125:...
3119:...
2036:".
1980:doi
1938:doi
1836:doi
1652:doi
1594:doi
1552:doi
331:of
34:of
3619::
1994:.
1986:.
1974:.
1952:.
1944:.
1934:49
1932:.
1895:.
1850:.
1842:.
1830:.
1789:.
1785:.
1781:;
1737:;
1691:;
1648:26
1646:.
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1600:.
1590:32
1588:.
1566:.
1558:.
1548:64
1546:.
1524:,
1505:.
1486:;
1416:.
1367:^
1307:.
1244:^
1227:.
1223:.
1127:^
1101:^
1075:^
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1036:.
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408:,
404:,
324:.
264:,
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256:,
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229:,
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1047:.
1016:.
630:)
501:)
485:)
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