103:. The starting point was the "need for an agreed system of geographical units at approximately 'country' level and upwards for use in recording plant distributions". The scheme represents a compromise between political and botanical divisions. All boundaries either follow a political boundary (country boundary, province boundary, etc.), or coastlines. The scheme also aims to follow botanical tradition, in terms of the distribution categories used in works like the
494:
501:
The WGSRPD defines nine botanical continents (Level 1), each assigned a single digit code from 1 (Europe) to 9 (Antarctica). Although it is said that "popular concepts of the continents of the world have been maintained, but with one or two slight modifications", some of the botanical continents are
788:, the Americas are divided into 7 Northern America and 8 Southern America rather than into the traditional continents of North America and South America, with the precise boundary between the two having changed between the first and second editions of the WGSRPD. Southern America consists of the
1070:
671:. The south-eastern boundary was changed between the first edition of 1992 and the second edition of 2001. In the first edition, Asia-Tropical was divided into three regions: 40 Indian Subcontinent, 41 Indo-China and 42 Malesia. The eastern boundary of Malesia was placed between the
727:
The WGSRPD groups most islands with a nearby continental landmass, usually the closest but may also make a decision influenced by the floristic similarity (hence the placement of the Azores with Africa and not Europe). The exception is the islands of the central part of the
836:
The nine botanical continents (Level 1) are each divided into between two and ten Level 2 regions; see the table above. Each region is given a two digit code, the first digit being that of the Level 1 continent to which it belongs. Altogether, there are 52 regions.
840:
Many of the regions are geographical divisions of the continents, e.g. 12 Southwestern Europe, 34 Western Asia or 77 South-Central U.S.A. Others are whole countries within the continents, e.g. 36 China, 79 Mexico or 84 Brazil. Some less well-known regions include:
646:
is divided into two botanical continents, 3 Asia-Temperate and 4 Asia-Tropical. The reason for the division was described as largely for convenience. Asia-Temperate borders Europe and Africa; the boundaries are described above. To the south-east, the
666:
forms the second part of the traditional geographical continent of Asia. Its western and northern boundaries are formed by the two regions 40 Indian
Subcontinent and 41 Indo-China. The southern boundary separates Asia-Tropical from
38:
31:
946:
part of New Guinea. Where the Level 3 area is not subdivided, "OO" may be added to create a five letter code to show that the Level 4 unit is identical to the Level 3 area. Thus "BIS" represents the
679:, which were put into region 60 Southwest Pacific. It was subsequently argued that it made more "floristic sense" to link the Solomon Islands with the Bismarck Archipelago and the island of
1691:
950:
at Level 3. This area is not subdivided, so "BIS-OO" can be used to represent it at Level 4. As an example, the complete division of the Level 2 Papuasia region is shown below.
768:. However, it proved unpopular, especially with Mexican botanists, so in the second edition, all of Mexico is placed in Northern America, which thus consists of Mexico, the
153:
Area or "botanical country" – most regions are subdivided into units generally equating to a political country, but large countries may be split or outlying areas omitted
760:. The boundary between Northern America and Southern America was changed from the first edition to the second edition. In the first edition, a south-eastern part of
438:
156:"Basic recording units" – the lowest level is only used for very large countries, subdividing them into states or provinces on purely political grounds
160:
Standardized codes are used to represent the units at each level. Numerical codes are used for Levels 1 and 2, alphabetic codes for Levels 3 and 4.
1271:
Tutin, T.G; Burges, N.A.; Chater, A.O.; Edmondson, J.R.; Heywood, V.H.; Moore, D.M.; Valentine, D.H.; Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A., eds. (1993).
1011:
77:
60:
organization, formerly the
International Working Group on Taxonomic Databases. The WGSRPD standards, like other standards for data fields in
518:
are allocated to 6 Pacific; and the division of the
Americas into 7 Northern America and 8 Southern America differs from the traditional
1060:
72:
distributions at four scales or levels, from "botanical continents" down to parts of large countries. The codes may be referred to as
938:. Where the Level 3 area is subdivided into Level 4 "basic recording units", a two letter code is appended; thus "NWG-IJ" represents
57:
764:
was included in
Southern America, the rest of Mexico being placed in Northern America. This followed the boundary of Mesoamerica in
1647:
1621:
1612:
1015:
707:, plus outlying islands. The name was described as having been "controversial", since it has been used to describe larger areas.
81:
1656:
752:
The WGSRPD divides the
Americas into 7 Northern America and 8 Southern America rather than into the traditional continents of
64:
databases, were developed to promote "the wider and more effective dissemination of information about the world's heritage of
1280:
143:
The scheme defines geographic places at four scales or levels, from "botanical continents" down to parts of large countries:
1549:
550:(Spitsbergen). The southern boundary with Africa encloses most of the Mediterranean islands. The eastern boundary places
115:, or Med-Checklist. This approach occasionally leads to departures from political boundaries. Thus the scheme follows
467:
For more botanically oriented classifications using phytogeography, the scheme's documentation endorses the use of
1071:
Knowledge categories for flora distributions using the World
Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions
800:), and the traditional geographical continent of South America, together with some offshore islands, such as the
691:(the Bismarck Archipelago and the Solomon Islands Archipelago), so that Asia-Tropical consists of four regions.
934:
Levels 3 and 4 are identified by letter codes. Three letter codes are used for Level 3; e.g. "NWG" stands for
1617:
676:
1655:(2nd ed.). International Working Group on Taxonomic Databases For Plant Sciences (TDWG). Archived from
590:
The botanical continent of Africa corresponds closely to the usual geographical definition. It excludes the
476:
468:
1603:
1023:
1019:
472:
389:
377:
371:
359:
85:
68:
for the benefit of the world at large". The system provides clear definitions and codes for recording
383:
96:
The scheme is one of a number developed by
Biodiversity Information Standards particularly aimed at
769:
365:
582:, which although geopolitically part of Europe are considered floristically part of Western Asia.
135:) in the West Asia region, rather than in Europe where they belong politically as part of Greece.
1116:
652:
412:
1051:
Below the Level 2 regions, the Level 3 areas in this case are US states, which are then listed.
506:. In particular, Asia is divided into two botanical continents; 5 Australasia consists only of
17:
150:
Regional – each botanical continent is divided into between two and ten subcontinental regions
1696:
865:
272:
1031:
947:
919:
821:
732:, which are placed in a separate botanical continent. The largest of these islands include
672:
719:
and many
Pacific islands, which the WGSRPD divides between 4 Asia-Tropical and 6 Pacific.
598:, which is placed in region 34 Western Asia. To the west, it includes islands grouped as
8:
1120:
648:
39:
Knowledge:WikiProject Plants/World
Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions
97:
1701:
1276:
32:
List of codes used in the World
Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions
1146:
1133:
979:
825:
817:
699:
The botanical continent of Australasia, as defined by the WGSRPD, consists only of
1167:
987:
923:
793:
591:
555:
480:
111:
65:
1557:
854:
615:
611:
462:
105:
1677:
World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD) on Github
1685:
757:
753:
733:
729:
663:
559:
523:
519:
515:
424:
320:
280:
1099:
1065:
688:
627:
53:
1578:
904:
846:
708:
704:
599:
511:
306:
206:
1339:, p. v, citing A. Takhtajan (1986). Floristic Regions of the World.
1103:
939:
935:
915:
813:
716:
680:
623:
619:
575:
444:
120:
37:
For the categories on Knowledge that are derived from this scheme, see
1676:
1163:
943:
881:
801:
789:
773:
712:
700:
668:
631:
507:
503:
432:
1029:
Thus in the GRIN Taxonomy for Plants database, the distribution of
1018:(GRIN), and the World Checklist of Vascular Plants, which supports
911:
797:
684:
571:
563:
547:
298:
100:
929:
534:
The botanical continent of Europe is defined broadly in line with
1089:
Comprising Central Asia, East Asia, North Asia, and Western Asia.
1035:
is given in terms of WGSRPD botanical continents and regions as:
954:
Example of WGSRPD Levels 3 & 4
896:
888:
858:
607:
562:
is excluded from Europe. The south-eastern boundary excludes the
543:
292:
880:, plus associated smaller islands – the usual geographical unit
558:
in Europe, with the border defined by the administrative units.
1159:
892:
877:
850:
761:
741:
603:
579:
567:
551:
539:
493:
197:
174:
132:
124:
61:
1414:
1402:
1378:
1179:
Comprising the Caribbean, Central America, and South America.
873:
869:
595:
128:
69:
1426:
1692:
World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions
1649:
World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions
1366:
1275:(2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. xxiii.
900:
737:
643:
46:
World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions
1520:
1518:
1270:
1251:
1249:
812:
The Antarctic botanical continent consists of continental
1493:
1491:
1489:
1474:
1301:
687:
was created within Asia-Tropical, comprising New Guinea,
1390:
1320:
1318:
1316:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1515:
1354:
1342:
1246:
816:, plus a number of Subantarctic Islands, including the
514:
and small outlying islands; most of the islands in the
1530:
1503:
1486:
1462:
1450:
1438:
1215:
683:. Accordingly, in the second edition, a new region 43
1330:
1313:
1289:
1227:
1198:
1010:
Organizations and works using the scheme include the
831:
1683:
486:
930:Levels 3 and 4: areas and basic recording units
1579:"About the World Checklist of Vascular Plants"
1012:International Union for Conservation of Nature
796:(those countries south of Mexico and north of
78:International Union for Conservation of Nature
776:, together with associated offshore islands.
497:Botanical continents as defined by the WGSRPD
91:
1061:International Union of Biological Sciences
76:. Current users of the system include the
1554:Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG)
58:Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG)
1645:
1536:
1524:
1509:
1497:
1480:
1468:
1456:
1444:
1432:
1420:
1408:
1396:
1384:
1372:
1360:
1348:
1336:
1324:
1307:
1295:
1255:
1240:
1221:
1209:
655:southwards are placed in Asia-Tropical.
492:
1622:United States Department of Agriculture
1613:Germplasm Resources Information Network
1016:Germplasm Resources Information Network
785:
502:notably different from the traditional
400:
344:
147:Continental – nine botanical continents
82:Germplasm Resources Information Network
14:
1684:
56:system developed by the international
779:
747:
242:
1571:
1266:
1264:
651:and the rest of Asia from region 41
630:islands out as far as the island of
1542:
1145:Comprising Mexico and geopolitical
891:, consisting of peninsular Malaya,
637:
540:traditional geographical definition
30:For a more comprehensive list, see
24:
658:
622:islands. To the east, it includes
25:
1713:
1261:
1106:, South Asia, and Southeast Asia.
907:, plus associated smaller islands
861:, plus associated smaller islands
456:
694:
542:. To the north-west it includes
1596:
1173:
1152:
1139:
1126:
1109:
1092:
832:Level 2: subcontinental regions
214:23 West-Central Tropical Africa
1273:Flora Europaea : Volume 1
1083:
914:, consisting of the island of
807:
642:The geographical continent of
13:
1:
1618:Agricultural Research Service
1186:
487:Level 1: botanical continents
166:Levels 1 and 2 of the WGSRPD
1585:. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
1550:"Who Is Using This Standard"
1191:
722:
217:24 Northeast Tropical Africa
7:
1054:
967:BIS-OO Bismarck Archipelago
792:, the WGSRPD definition of
677:Solomon Islands Archipelago
585:
529:
10:
1718:
1638:
1583:Plants of the World Online
1020:Plants of the World Online
957:
460:
169:
92:Principles of organization
86:Plants of the World Online
36:
29:
964:BIS Bismarck Archipelago
772:plus Alaska, Canada, and
574:, as well as the Eastern
138:
1646:Brummitt, R. K. (2001).
1076:
1005:
770:contiguous United States
594:, politically a part of
417:83 Western South America
334:63 North-Central Pacific
328:61 South-Central Pacific
229:28 Middle Atlantic Ocean
223:26 South Tropical Africa
1117:Mainland Southeast Asia
504:geographical continents
331:62 Northwestern Pacific
325:60 Southwestern Pacific
232:29 Western Indian Ocean
220:25 East Tropical Africa
211:22 West Tropical Africa
119:in placing the eastern
74:TDWG geographical codes
1423:, pp. 7, 19, 125.
1411:, pp. 45–46, 123.
1387:, pp. 6, 104–105.
498:
425:Southern South America
413:Northern South America
285:40 Indian Subcontinent
188:13 Southeastern Europe
185:12 Southwestern Europe
27:Biogeographical system
1045:South-Central U.S.A."
995:SOL-SO South Solomons
992:SOL-NO North Solomons
496:
439:Sub-Antarctic Islands
1606:Magnolia grandiflora
1435:, pp. 7, 49–52.
1132:Comprising southern
1032:Magnolia grandiflora
948:Bismarck Archipelago
920:Bismarck Archipelago
849:, consisting of the
673:Bismarck Archipelago
384:South-Central U.S.A.
366:North-Central U.S.A.
349:70 Subarctic America
262:35 Arabian Peninsula
66:biological organisms
1375:, pp. 104–105.
1121:Peninsular Malaysia
1115:Comprising most of
1042:Southeastern U.S.A.
955:
766:Flora Mesoamericana
649:Indian Subcontinent
479:, as classified by
477:floristic provinces
445:Antarctic Continent
390:Southeastern U.S.A.
378:Southwestern U.S.A.
372:Northeastern U.S.A.
360:Northwestern U.S.A.
250:31 Russian Far East
167:
1310:, pp. xi, 19.
1039:"Northern America
953:
780:8 Southern America
748:7 Northern America
499:
469:floristic kingdoms
405:80 Central America
226:27 Southern Africa
202:20 Northern Africa
179:10 Northern Europe
165:
1282:978-0-521-41007-6
1003:
1002:
975:NWG-IJ Irian Jaya
709:Other definitions
602:, comprising the
473:floristic regions
454:
453:
355:72 Eastern Canada
352:71 Western Canada
191:14 Eastern Europe
123:islands (such as
16:(Redirected from
1709:
1670:
1668:
1667:
1661:
1654:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1628:
1600:
1594:
1593:
1591:
1590:
1575:
1569:
1568:
1566:
1565:
1556:. Archived from
1546:
1540:
1534:
1528:
1522:
1513:
1507:
1501:
1495:
1484:
1483:, p. 43–44.
1478:
1472:
1466:
1460:
1454:
1448:
1442:
1436:
1430:
1424:
1418:
1412:
1406:
1400:
1399:, pp. xi–x.
1394:
1388:
1382:
1376:
1370:
1364:
1358:
1352:
1346:
1340:
1334:
1328:
1322:
1311:
1305:
1299:
1293:
1287:
1286:
1268:
1259:
1253:
1244:
1238:
1225:
1219:
1213:
1207:
1180:
1177:
1171:
1156:
1150:
1147:Northern America
1143:
1137:
1134:Island Melanesia
1130:
1124:
1113:
1107:
1096:
1090:
1087:
980:Papua New Guinea
956:
952:
868:, consisting of
826:Tristan da Cunha
818:Falkland Islands
638:3 Asia-Temperate
401:Southern America
345:Northern America
182:11 Middle Europe
168:
164:
21:
1717:
1716:
1712:
1711:
1710:
1708:
1707:
1706:
1682:
1681:
1673:
1665:
1663:
1659:
1652:
1641:
1636:
1635:
1626:
1624:
1602:
1601:
1597:
1588:
1586:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1563:
1561:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1537:Brummitt (2001)
1535:
1531:
1525:Brummitt (2001)
1523:
1516:
1510:Brummitt (2001)
1508:
1504:
1498:Brummitt (2001)
1496:
1487:
1481:Brummitt (2001)
1479:
1475:
1469:Brummitt (2001)
1467:
1463:
1457:Brummitt (2001)
1455:
1451:
1445:Brummitt (2001)
1443:
1439:
1433:Brummitt (2001)
1431:
1427:
1421:Brummitt (2001)
1419:
1415:
1409:Brummitt (2001)
1407:
1403:
1397:Brummitt (2001)
1395:
1391:
1385:Brummitt (2001)
1383:
1379:
1373:Brummitt (2001)
1371:
1367:
1361:Brummitt (2001)
1359:
1355:
1349:Brummitt (2001)
1347:
1343:
1337:Brummitt (2001)
1335:
1331:
1325:Brummitt (2001)
1323:
1314:
1308:Brummitt (2001)
1306:
1302:
1296:Brummitt (2001)
1294:
1290:
1283:
1269:
1262:
1258:, p. xiii.
1256:Brummitt (2001)
1254:
1247:
1241:Brummitt (2001)
1239:
1228:
1222:Brummitt (2001)
1220:
1216:
1210:Brummitt (2001)
1208:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1183:
1178:
1174:
1168:Northern Canada
1157:
1153:
1144:
1140:
1131:
1127:
1114:
1110:
1097:
1093:
1088:
1084:
1079:
1057:
1022:, published by
1008:
972:NWG New Guinea
932:
924:Solomon Islands
834:
810:
794:Central America
782:
750:
725:
697:
661:
659:4 Asia-Tropical
640:
592:Sinai Peninsula
588:
556:European Russia
532:
489:
481:Armen Takhtajan
465:
459:
259:34 Western Asia
141:
112:Flora Malesiana
94:
54:biogeographical
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1715:
1705:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1680:
1679:
1672:
1671:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1633:
1595:
1570:
1541:
1529:
1527:, p. xiv.
1514:
1502:
1485:
1473:
1461:
1449:
1437:
1425:
1413:
1401:
1389:
1377:
1365:
1363:, p. 109.
1353:
1351:, p. 107.
1341:
1329:
1312:
1300:
1288:
1281:
1260:
1245:
1226:
1224:, p. iii.
1214:
1196:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1172:
1151:
1138:
1125:
1108:
1091:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1056:
1053:
1049:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1007:
1004:
1001:
1000:
999:
998:
997:
996:
993:
984:
983:
982:
976:
970:
969:
968:
931:
928:
927:
926:
908:
885:
884:is much larger
862:
855:Canary Islands
833:
830:
809:
806:
781:
778:
749:
746:
724:
721:
696:
693:
660:
657:
639:
636:
616:Savage Islands
612:Canary Islands
587:
584:
536:Flora Europaea
531:
528:
488:
485:
463:Phytogeography
461:Main article:
458:
457:Phytogeography
455:
452:
451:
450:
449:
448:
447:
441:
429:
428:
427:
421:
418:
415:
409:
406:
397:
396:
395:
392:
386:
380:
374:
368:
362:
356:
353:
350:
339:
338:
337:
336:
335:
332:
329:
326:
317:
316:
315:
314:51 New Zealand
312:
303:
302:
301:
295:
289:
286:
277:
276:
275:
269:
266:
263:
260:
257:
254:
253:32 Middle Asia
251:
248:
243:Asia-Temperate
237:
236:
235:
234:
233:
230:
227:
224:
221:
218:
215:
212:
209:
203:
194:
193:
192:
189:
186:
183:
180:
158:
157:
154:
151:
148:
140:
137:
117:Flora Europaea
106:Flora Europaea
93:
90:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1714:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1687:
1678:
1675:
1674:
1662:on 2016-01-25
1658:
1651:
1650:
1644:
1643:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1614:
1609:
1607:
1599:
1584:
1580:
1574:
1560:on 2015-07-13
1559:
1555:
1551:
1545:
1539:, p. 58.
1538:
1533:
1526:
1521:
1519:
1512:, p. 32.
1511:
1506:
1500:, p. 44.
1499:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1482:
1477:
1471:, p. 42.
1470:
1465:
1459:, p. 37.
1458:
1453:
1447:, p. 52.
1446:
1441:
1434:
1429:
1422:
1417:
1410:
1405:
1398:
1393:
1386:
1381:
1374:
1369:
1362:
1357:
1350:
1345:
1338:
1333:
1327:, p. 19.
1326:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1309:
1304:
1298:, p. 26.
1297:
1292:
1284:
1278:
1274:
1267:
1265:
1257:
1252:
1250:
1243:, p. xi.
1242:
1237:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1223:
1218:
1212:, p. ix.
1211:
1206:
1204:
1202:
1197:
1176:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1155:
1148:
1142:
1135:
1129:
1122:
1118:
1112:
1105:
1101:
1095:
1086:
1082:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1052:
1044:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1037:
1036:
1034:
1033:
1027:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
994:
991:
990:
989:
985:
981:
977:
974:
973:
971:
966:
965:
963:
962:
961:
958:
951:
949:
945:
941:
937:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
883:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
843:
842:
838:
829:
827:
823:
822:South Georgia
819:
815:
805:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
777:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
758:South America
755:
754:North America
745:
743:
739:
735:
734:New Caledonia
731:
730:Pacific Ocean
720:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
695:5 Australasia
692:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
670:
665:
664:Asia-Tropical
656:
654:
650:
645:
635:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
583:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
560:Novaya Zemlya
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
538:and with the
537:
527:
525:
524:South America
521:
520:North America
517:
516:Pacific Ocean
513:
509:
505:
495:
491:
484:
482:
478:
474:
470:
464:
446:
442:
440:
436:
435:
434:
430:
426:
422:
419:
416:
414:
410:
407:
404:
403:
402:
398:
393:
391:
387:
385:
381:
379:
375:
373:
369:
367:
363:
361:
357:
354:
351:
348:
347:
346:
342:
341:
340:
333:
330:
327:
324:
323:
322:
318:
313:
310:
309:
308:
304:
300:
296:
294:
290:
288:41 Indo-China
287:
284:
283:
282:
281:Asia-Tropical
278:
274:
270:
267:
264:
261:
258:
255:
252:
249:
246:
245:
244:
240:
239:
238:
231:
228:
225:
222:
219:
216:
213:
210:
208:
204:
201:
200:
199:
195:
190:
187:
184:
181:
178:
177:
176:
172:
171:
170:
163:
161:
155:
152:
149:
146:
145:
144:
136:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
113:
108:
107:
102:
99:
89:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
40:
33:
19:
1697:Biogeography
1664:. Retrieved
1657:the original
1648:
1625:. Retrieved
1611:
1605:
1598:
1587:. Retrieved
1582:
1573:
1562:. Retrieved
1558:the original
1553:
1544:
1532:
1505:
1476:
1464:
1452:
1440:
1428:
1416:
1404:
1392:
1380:
1368:
1356:
1344:
1332:
1303:
1291:
1272:
1217:
1175:
1154:
1141:
1128:
1111:
1100:Near Oceania
1094:
1085:
1066:Phytochorion
1050:
1030:
1028:
1014:(IUCN), the
1009:
960:43 Papuasia
959:
933:
866:Eastern Asia
839:
835:
811:
783:
765:
751:
726:
711:may include
698:
689:Near Oceania
662:
641:
628:Indian Ocean
589:
578:Islands and
570:east of the
535:
533:
500:
490:
466:
408:81 Caribbean
311:50 Australia
273:Eastern Asia
162:
159:
142:
116:
110:
104:
95:
84:(GRIN), and
80:(IUCN), the
73:
49:
45:
43:
1158:Comprising
1098:Comprising
988:Solomon Is.
905:Philippines
847:Macaronesia
808:9 Antarctic
705:New Zealand
600:Macaronesia
512:New Zealand
307:Australasia
268:37 Mongolia
256:33 Caucasus
207:Macaronesia
1686:Categories
1666:2021-07-27
1627:2023-07-15
1589:2023-07-15
1564:2015-08-02
1187:References
1104:New Guinea
944:Indonesian
940:Irian Jaya
936:New Guinea
916:New Guinea
903:, and the
814:Antarctica
717:New Guinea
681:New Guinea
653:Indo-China
626:and other
624:Madagascar
620:Cape Verde
247:30 Siberia
1192:Citations
1164:Greenland
1119:, except
882:East Asia
802:Galapagos
790:Caribbean
784:As noted
774:Greenland
723:6 Pacific
713:Indonesia
701:Australia
669:Australia
632:Rodrigues
508:Australia
433:Antarctic
420:84 Brazil
394:79 Mexico
101:databases
98:taxonomic
62:botanical
1702:Geocodes
1055:See also
922:and the
912:Papuasia
798:Colombia
685:Papuasia
675:and the
618:and the
586:2 Africa
572:Bosporus
564:Caucasus
548:Svalbard
530:1 Europe
299:Papuasia
265:36 China
88:(POWO).
1639:Sources
978:NWG-PN
897:Sumatra
889:Malesia
859:Madeira
608:Madeira
544:Iceland
321:Pacific
293:Malesia
52:) is a
1279:
1166:, and
1160:Alaska
942:, the
918:, the
893:Borneo
878:Taiwan
876:, and
857:, and
853:, the
851:Azores
762:Mexico
742:Hawaii
614:, the
610:, the
604:Azores
580:Cyprus
576:Aegean
568:Turkey
552:Crimea
475:, and
198:Africa
175:Europe
139:Levels
133:Rhodes
125:Lesbos
121:Aegean
50:WGSRPD
18:WGSRPD
1660:(PDF)
1653:(PDF)
1077:Notes
1006:Usage
874:Korea
870:Japan
786:above
596:Egypt
129:Samos
70:plant
1277:ISBN
986:SOL
901:Java
824:and
756:and
740:and
738:Fiji
703:and
644:Asia
566:and
554:and
546:and
522:and
510:and
131:and
44:The
1024:Kew
910:43
887:42
864:38
845:21
443:91
437:90
423:85
411:82
388:78
382:77
376:76
370:75
364:74
358:73
297:43
291:42
271:38
205:21
1688::
1620:,
1616:.
1610:.
1581:.
1552:.
1517:^
1488:^
1315:^
1263:^
1248:^
1229:^
1200:^
1162:,
1102:,
1026:.
899:,
895:,
872:,
828:.
820:,
804:.
744:.
736:,
715:,
634:.
606:,
526:.
483:.
471:,
431:9
399:8
343:7
319:6
305:5
279:4
241:3
196:2
173:1
127:,
109:,
1669:.
1630:.
1608:"
1604:"
1592:.
1567:.
1285:.
1170:.
1149:.
1136:.
1123:.
48:(
41:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.