42:
80:
1225:
of the 'European authoritarian Right'. Evola tried to develop a tradition different from that of Guénon and thus attempted to develop a 'strategy of active revolt as a counterpart to the spiritual withdrawal favoured by Guénon.' Evola, as
Farlong puts it, wanted to have political influence both in the Fascist and Nazi regimes, something which he failed to achieve. See Furlong, Paul: Authoritarian Conservatism After The War Julius Evola and Europe, 2003.
529:, which has been current since the time of the Renaissance and of which neo-scholasticism made much use, signifies the totality of the primordial and universal truths â and therefore of the metaphysical axioms â whose formulation does not belong to any particular system. One could speak in the same sense of a
1224:
Paul
Furlong argues that 'Evola's initial writings in the inter-war period were from an ideological position close to the Fascist regime in Italy, though not identical to it.' Over his active years, Furlong writes, he 'synthesized' spiritual bearings of writers like Guénon with his political concerns
677:
A major theme in the works of RenĂ© GuĂ©non (1886â1951) is the contrast between traditional world views and modernism, "which he considered to be an anomaly in the history of mankind". For GuĂ©non, the world is a manifestation of metaphysical principles, which are preserved in the perennial teachings of
582:
For the
Traditionalists, perennial philosophy has a transcendent dimension â Truth or Wisdom â and an immanent dimension â infinite Presence or Union. Thus, on the one hand, "discernment between the Real and the unreal, or the Absolute and the relative", and on the other hand, "mystical concentration
887:
A number of disenchanted intellectuals responded to Guénon's call with attempts to put theory into practice. Some attempted without success to guide
Fascism and Nazism along Traditionalist lines; others later participated in political terror in Italy. Traditionalism finally provided the ideological
549:
The
Traditionalist vision of a perennial wisdom is not based on mystical experiences, but on metaphysical intuitions. It is "intuited directly through divine intellect". This divine intellect is different from reason, and makes it possible to discern "the sacred unity of reality that is attested in
590:, and modernism itself is considered an abnormality. Traditionalists see their approach as a justifiable longing for the past; in Schuon's words: "If to recognize what is true and just is "nostalgia for the past", it is quite clearly a crime or a disgrace not to feel this nostalgia".
836:
was an
Italian Traditionalist influenced by Guénon but from whom he departed on many points, which did not allow him to be assimilated to the Guénonian Traditionalist School. The ideas of Evola have been associated with some far-right movements, such as the European
1099:
According to Wouter
Hanegraaf, "modernity itself is in fact intertwined with the history of esotericism". Western esotericism had a profound influence on Hindu and Buddhist modernisers, whose modernisations in turn had a deep impact on modern western
888:
cement for the alliance of anti-democratic forces in post-Soviet Russia, and at the end of the
Twentieth Century began to enter the debate in the Islamic world about the desirable relationship between Islam and modernity.
689:
order. He started writing after his doctoral dissertation was rejected, and he left academia in 1923. His works center on the return to these traditional world views, trying to reconstruct the
Perennial Philosophy.
1069:
According to Fabbri, Guénon rejected the term "traditionalist", because it implied "in his view a kind of sentimental attachment to a tradition which, most of the time, has lost its metaphysical foundation.
558:
is pure intellection or in other words metaphysical discernment. To "discern" is to "separate": to separate the Real and the illusory, the
Absolute and the contingent, the Necessary and the possible,
1170:
Witness the works by Mahmoud Bina at the Isfahan University of Technology, the Malay scholar Osman Bakar, and the Ceylonese Ranjit Fernando. This is probably also related to the expansion of the
545:, for the simple reason that the second term is less direct and because it evokes in addition associations of ideas with a completely profane and all too often aberrant system of thought.
570:. Accompanying discernment, by way of complement and operatively, is concentration, which unites: this means becoming fully aware â from the starting point of earthly and human
533:, designating by this term the essence of every religion; this means the essence of every form of worship, every form of prayer, and every system of morality, just as the
505:
According to the members of the Traditionalist School, also known as the Perennialist School, all major world religions are founded upon common primordial and universal
825:, then Prince of Wales, was "more of an anti-modernist than a Traditionalist, though Traditionalist influences increasingly visible in some of his speeches".
920:
conservative political party, all have associated with Traditionalism and have interacted with each other based on those interests. Carvalho denies this association.
892:
Various influential figures in twenty-first century far-right populist movements have affiliated with Traditionalism, often with Evola in particular. According to
678:
the world religions, but were lost to the modern world. For Guénon, "the malaise of the modern world lies in its relentless denial of the metaphysical realm".
701:. He gave up early on a purely Christian basis for a traditionalist restoration of the West, searching for other traditions. He denounced the lure of
930:, declared in 2013 that the influence of Guénon on his political school was very weak and that he does not consider him a major author for his work.
722:
Through its close affiliation with Sufism, the Guénonian traditionalist perspective has been gaining ground in Asia and the Islamic world at large.
738:
who recommended Guénon to his students. While it never acquired a mass following, its influence on the elite can be measured by the fact that when
550:
all authentic esoteric expressions of tradition"; it is "the presence of divinity within each human waiting to be uncovered". According to Schuon:
517:) that stands as the transcendent source of all the intrinsically orthodox religions of humankind". Infinite Presence is "the perennial religion (
593:
Traditionalists insist on the necessity for affiliation to one of the great religions of the world, without which no esoteric path is possible.
586:
According to the Traditionalists, this truth has been lost in the modern world through the rise of novel secular philosophies stemming from the
2422:
665:
in this School, although Evola presents many differences in relation to those mentioned. Another author eventually linked to perennialism is
1469:
1988:
743:
709:, two influential movements that were flourishing in his lifetime. In 1930, he moved to Egypt, where he lived until his death in 1951.
30:
This article is about a group of perennialist thinkers. For the meaning of the term Tradition as used by Traditionalists, see
2286:
2207:
2183:
2077:
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1845:
1796:
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1659:
1634:
1523:
1117:
439:
17:
2432:
35:
2407:
2402:
1771:
1702:
970:
638:
459:, primordial and universal truths which form the source for, and are shared by, all the major world religions. Historian
1899:
1881:
1552:
693:
In his first books and essays, he envisaged a restoration of traditional "intellectualité" in the West on the basis of
513:(perennial philosophy), which is both "absolute Truth and infinite Presence". Absolute Truth is "the perennial wisdom (
2269:
2255:
2241:
2224:
2112:
2039:
2022:
1818:
1087:
277:
1991:
Description: "Against the Modern World. Traditionalism and the Secret Intellectual History of the Twentieth Century"
1420:
ROSE, Matthew. A World After Liberalism: Philosophers of the Radical Right. Yale University Press, 2021. p.50-52.
1365:
2397:
2154:, "Revolts Against the Modern World: The Blend of Literary and Historical Fantasy in the Italian New Right" in
1140:(2 vols, Ăditions Traditionnelles, Paris, 1964â65) which include many of his articles for the Catholic journal
1207:
Renaud Fabbri argues that Evola should not be considered a member of the Perennialist School. See the section
777:, some of the country's most influential Islamic scholars, integrated Guénon's works in the curriculum of the
808:
The Budshishiyya order of Sufism, based in Morocco, is known to have strands influenced by Traditionalism.
746:, out of the seven members designed to serve it, three were acquainted with Traditionalist ideas, namely
1676:
79:
521:) that lives within the heart of all intrinsically orthodox religions." According to Frithjof Schuon,
2337:
Against the Modern World: Traditionalism and the Secret Intellectual History of the Twentieth Century
2016:
Against the Modern World: Traditionalism and the Secret Intellectual History of the Twentieth Century
1910:
Against the Modern World: Traditionalism and the Secret Intellectual History of the Twentieth Century
432:
41:
2427:
2248:
The Feminine Universe: An Exposition of the Ancient Wisdom from the Primordial Feminine Perspective
1973:
1212:
500:
341:
31:
960:
770:
702:
769:, an important writer and literary critic, was directly influenced by Guénon, and, through him,
2127:
893:
386:
2412:
2329:
848:
766:
199:
2417:
774:
755:
751:
587:
456:
425:
303:
129:
63:
8:
2117:
2100:
2090:
990:
778:
706:
646:
606:
484:
468:
411:
366:
239:
99:
94:
49:
2364:
Traditionalists.org: A website for the Study of (Traditionalism and the Traditionalists)
560:
1939:
870:
793:
747:
739:
735:
2282:
2265:
2251:
2237:
2220:
2203:
2179:
2108:
2073:
2035:
2018:
1895:
1877:
1859:
1841:
1814:
1807:
1792:
1767:
1682:
1655:
1630:
1519:
1429:
SPINETO, Natale. Mircea Eliade and traditionalism. Aries, v. 1, n. 1, p. 62-87, 2001.
1113:
1083:
985:
913:
630:
381:
182:
139:
2065:
1929:
1492:
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1235:
1040:
1020:
950:
923:
822:
654:
626:
614:
602:
464:
356:
351:
331:
321:
45:
1050:
2276:
2197:
2173:
2027:
1678:
War for Eternity: The Return of Traditionalism and the Rise of the Populist Right
1652:
War for Eternity: The Return of Traditionalism and the Rise of the Populist Right
1513:
1107:
1025:
995:
955:
927:
905:
844:
839:
694:
650:
610:
566:
480:
401:
298:
267:
234:
53:
2375:
2048:
1191:
2302:
2144:
Franco Ferraresi, "Julius Evola: Tradition, Reaction and the Radical Right" in
1035:
909:
797:
537:
is the essence of all dogmas and all expressions of wisdom. We prefer the term
488:
406:
287:
1934:
1712:
1171:
940:
326:
2391:
2358:
2151:
2044:
2011:
1538:
1488:
1187:
1045:
1005:
975:
945:
876:
855:
666:
658:
476:
460:
361:
187:
1827:
Kalin, Ibrahim (2015), "GuĂ©non, Rene (1886â1951)", in Leaman, Oliver (ed.),
2229:
2193:
2169:
1917:
1892:
The Case Against the Modern World: A Crash Course in Traditionalist Thought
1366:
The Case Against the Modern World: A Crash Course in Traditionalist Thought
1101:
1030:
1000:
980:
901:
897:
866:
833:
731:
662:
642:
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622:
618:
506:
472:
346:
262:
229:
1497:
1183:
1010:
789:
788:
Other important figures of Pakistan influenced by Traditionalism include
698:
272:
134:
119:
2353:
2278:
The Unanimous Tradition: Essays on the Essential Unity of All Religions
2218:
The Book of Enlightened Masters: Western Teachers in Eastern Traditions
1943:
1541:, "Traditionalism in Iran" in Politica Hermetica, n° 16 (2002), p. 137.
1161:, Paris, Marcel RiviĂšre, 1923. Both books exist in English translation.
1015:
859:
396:
391:
224:
219:
214:
194:
2334:
2175:
Men Among the Ruins: Post-War Reflections of a Radical Traditionalist
965:
376:
371:
282:
244:
204:
159:
144:
109:
1838:
The Underlying Religion: An Introduction to the Perennial Philosophy
883:, published in 2004, gives an analysis of political traditionalism:
601:
The ideas of the Traditionalist School are considered to begin with
1175:
782:
730:
In Iran, it was introduced by Hossein Nasr as well as, earlier, by
686:
336:
209:
124:
2363:
916:, as well as Tibor Baranyi, the one time adviser to the Hungarian
2324:
2032:
Traditionalism: Religion in the Light of the Perennial Philosophy
1874:
Traditionalism: Religion in the light of the Perennial Philosophy
1707:
154:
104:
2376:"Traditionalism, the Perennial Philosophy, and Islamic Studies"
2368:
917:
682:
509:
truths. The perspective of its authors is often referred to as
293:
149:
114:
2343:
2049:"Traditionalism, the Perennial Philosophy and Islamic Studies"
1470:"Buddhist Modernism and the Rhetoric of Meditative Experience"
1192:"Traditionalism, the Perennial Philosophy, and Islamic Studies
2199:
Knowledge and the Sacred: Revisioning Academic Accountability
1266:
2348:
2319:
2234:
Forgotten Truth: The Common Vision of the World's Religions
1627:
The Cambridge Handbook of Western Mysticism and Esotericism
1582:
1346:
1109:
A History of Modern Yoga: Patanjali and Western Esotericism
1606:
1594:
1295:
1293:
1278:
669:, although Eliade's link is nuanced and often contested.
1324:
1322:
1320:
1078:
See Titus Burckhardt, "A Letter on Spiritual Method" in
2374:
A review of some Traditionalist books by Carl W. Ernst
2330:
Interview with Huston Smith on the primordial tradition
1570:
1439:
1437:
1435:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1374:
1290:
1254:
1449:
858:
had been a supporter of the Romanian Orthodox fascist
1317:
1809:
The Routledge Companion to Fascism and the Far Right
1432:
1402:
1371:
1334:
1829:
The Biographical Encyclopedia of Islamic Philosophy
1390:
1305:
734:, the intellectual considered the ideologue of the
2085:Esoterisme et Christianisme: autour de René Guénon
1806:
1553:"Michel Vùlsan, Guénon's work in Orient (excerpt)"
1138:Ătudes sur la Franc-maçonnerie et le Compagnonnage
605:. Other members of that school of thought include
2382:, vol. 28, no. 2 (December 1994), pp. 176â81
1242:presented by Emmanuel Ratier and Pascal Lassalle.
1157:, Paris, Nouvelle Librairie Nationale, 1921, and
2389:
2236:(1976), reprint ed. 1992, Harper San Francisco,
491:to be the seven most prominent Traditionalists.
2274:
1155:Le Théosophisme, histoire d'une pseudo-religion
2281:. Sri Lanka Institute of Traditional Studies.
455:posits the existence of a perennial wisdom or
2359:La TradiciĂłn â Textos Tradicionales (Spanish)
1984:
1982:
1198:, vol. 28, no. 2 (December 1994), pp. 176-81.
433:
1920:(1987), "Is There a Perennial Philosophy?",
1856:Frithjof Schuon and the Perennial Philosophy
1835:
1734:
1352:
1284:
1272:
1136:(Ăditions Traditionnelles, Paris, 1954) and
1967:
1922:Journal of the American Academy of Religion
1804:
1737:Coomaraswamy Selected Papers 2: Metaphysics
1629:. Cambridge University Press. p. 317.
1612:
1240:Le Libre Journal de la resistance française
873:, was influenced by both Guénon and Evola.
2070:René Guénon ou Le renversement des clartés
1979:
1974:An Introduction to the Perennialist School
1789:René Guénon ou Le renversement des clartés
1735:Coomaraswamy (1977), Lipsey, Roger (ed.),
1674:
1649:
744:Supreme Council of the Cultural Revolution
440:
426:
1933:
1871:
1853:
1675:Teitelbaum, Benjamin R. (21 April 2020).
1650:Teitelbaum, Benjamin R. (21 April 2020).
1496:
1340:
1299:
1082:, Cambridge (UK), Quinta Essentia, 1987 (
2380:Middle East Studies Association Bulletin
1907:
1889:
1836:Lings, Martin; Minnaar, Clinton (2007),
1624:
1600:
1588:
1576:
1455:
1260:
1209:Julius Evola and the Perennialist School
1196:Middle East Studies Association Bulletin
1105:
785:or religious seminaries in the country.
40:
1681:. Penguin Books Limited. pp. 1â2.
1550:
1511:
1213:Introduction to the Perennialist School
854:Similarly, the Romanian traditionalist
14:
2390:
1949:
1786:
1761:
1752:
1743:
1654:. Penguin Books Limited. p. 121.
1408:
1396:
1328:
828:
685:, and in 1912 he was initiated in the
578:, which is both absolute and infinite.
34:. For the architectural movement, see
2371:for the study of comparative religion
2168:
2105:René Guénon: Les enjeux d'une lecture
1916:
1826:
1467:
1443:
1384:
1311:
2423:Philosophical schools and traditions
2305:, ed, Dossier on "Perennialisme" in
2192:
1805:Davies, Peter; Lynch, Derek (2004),
1238:(20 May 2013), during the programme
36:Traditionalist School (architecture)
2325:Perennialist/Traditionalist website
1952:Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature
971:Walter James, 4th Baron Northbourne
24:
2320:Sacred Web â A Traditional Journal
2146:Archives Européennes de Sociologie
2000:
865:According to Benjamin Teitelbaum,
681:Early on, Guénon was attracted to
25:
2444:
2354:Revista de Estudios Tradicionales
2313:
2095:Revue de l'histoire des religions
1766:, Bloomington, IN: World Wisdom,
1551:Iliescu, Radu (9 February 2005).
1134:Aperçus sur l'ésotérisme chrétien
816:
705:and neo-occultism in the form of
2093:, "Le problÚme de René Guénon",
1515:The Making of Buddhist Modernism
1468:Sharf, Robert (1 January 1995).
78:
1757:, Bloomington, IN: World Wisdom
1695:
1668:
1643:
1618:
1544:
1532:
1505:
1461:
1423:
1414:
1228:
1218:
1201:
1164:
1147:
1126:
1106:Michelis, Elizabeth De (2005).
1093:
1072:
1063:
1358:
811:
717:
672:
13:
1:
1248:
304:List of magical organizations
2072:Paris, Milano: Arché, 2005 (
1755:From the Divine to the Human
1739:, Princeton University Press
1182:, always within the pale of
926:, the founder of the French
821:According to Mark Sedgwick,
781:, one of the most important
712:
7:
2433:History of religion studies
2250:(2010) Golden Order Press,
1748:, New York: Sophia Perennis
1518:. Oxford University Press.
933:
792:, who was seen as close to
761:
10:
2449:
2408:21st century in philosophy
2403:20th century in philosophy
2120:and Paul Barbanegra, eds,
1746:Perspectives on Initiation
1722:
1512:McMahan, David L. (2008).
1178:, as studied by Sedgwick,
803:
498:
494:
29:
2178:. Inner Traditions/Bear.
1989:Oxford University Press,
1912:, Oxford University Press
1890:Schwindt, Daniel (2016),
1872:Oldmeadow, Harry (2011),
1854:Oldmeadow, Harry (2010),
1762:Schuon, Frithjof (2009),
1753:Schuon, Frithjof (1982),
661:. Some academics include
596:
2275:Ranjit Fernando (1991).
1791:, Paris, Milano: Arché,
1489:10.1163/1568527952598549
1353:Lings & Minnaar 2007
1285:Lings & Minnaar 2007
1273:Lings & Minnaar 2007
1180:Against the Modern World
1057:
881:Against the Modern World
501:Tradition (Perennialism)
32:Tradition (perennialism)
2260:William W. Quinn, Jr.,
1935:10.1093/jaarel/LV.3.553
1908:Sedgwick, Mark (2004),
1831:, Bloomsbury Publishing
1787:Accart, Xavier (2005),
1764:Logic and Transcendence
1625:Sedgwick, Mark (2016).
1613:Davies & Lynch 2004
1186:. Cf. also a review by
1080:Mirror of the Intellect
961:Michael Oren Fitzgerald
771:Muhammad Shafi Deobandi
725:
554:The key to the eternal
2156:Literature and History
908:, informal adviser to
894:Benjamin R. Teitelbaum
890:
580:
547:
56:
2398:Traditionalist School
2006:Traditionalist School
1950:Taylor, Bron (2008),
1744:Guénon, René (2001),
1132:Cf. among others his
885:
552:
523:
200:Esoteric transmission
44:
18:Traditionalist school
2083:Marie-France James,
1715:on 25 February 2023.
775:Muhammad Taqi Usmani
756:Nasrullah Pourjavady
752:Reza Davari Ardakani
527:philosophia perennis
511:philosophia perennis
457:perennial philosophy
27:Perennial philosophy
2163:Writings by members
2128:Pierre-Marie Sigaud
2118:Jean-Pierre Laurant
2101:Jean-Pierre Laurant
2091:Jean-Pierre Laurant
1876:, Sophia Perennis,
1364:Daniel J Schwindt,
1176:Shadhili Sufi order
991:Seyyed Hossein Nasr
912:, Brazilian writer
843:("New Right"), and
829:Far-right movements
796:, and psychologist
779:Darul Uloom Karachi
647:Awadh Kishore Saran
607:Ananda Coomaraswamy
485:Seyyed Hossein Nasr
469:Ananda Coomaraswamy
367:Hermes Trismegistus
240:Ritual purification
100:Eastern esotericism
95:Western esotericism
50:Ananda Coomaraswamy
2369:The Matheson Trust
2344:World Wisdom Books
2262:The Only Tradition
2246:Alice Lucy Trent,
2216:Andrew Rawlinson,
1591:, p. 214-215.
1557:Projet René Guénon
871:Esoteric Hitlerism
794:General Zia-ul-Haq
748:Abdolkarim Soroush
740:Ayatollah Khomeini
736:Iranian Revolution
257:Esoteric societies
57:
2288:978-955-9028-01-7
2209:978-0-7914-0176-7
2185:978-0-89281-905-8
2078:978-2-912770-03-5
1865:978-1-935493-09-9
1847:978-1-933316-43-7
1798:978-2-912770-03-5
1688:978-0-14-199204-4
1661:978-0-14-199204-4
1636:978-0-52-150983-1
1603:, p. 100 ff.
1525:978-0-19-972029-3
1275:, p. xi-xii.
1119:978-0-8264-8772-8
1112:. A&C Black.
986:Jean-Louis Michon
914:Olavo de Carvalho
869:, the founder of
695:Roman Catholicism
631:Jean-Louis Michon
450:
449:
183:Astral projection
140:Mystical theology
16:(Redirected from
2440:
2349:Fons Vitae Books
2292:
2213:
2189:
1994:
1986:
1977:
1971:
1955:
1946:
1937:
1913:
1904:
1886:
1868:
1850:
1840:, World Wisdom,
1832:
1823:
1812:
1801:
1776:
1758:
1749:
1740:
1717:
1716:
1711:. Archived from
1699:
1693:
1692:
1672:
1666:
1665:
1647:
1641:
1640:
1622:
1616:
1610:
1604:
1598:
1592:
1586:
1580:
1574:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1548:
1542:
1536:
1530:
1529:
1509:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1474:
1465:
1459:
1453:
1447:
1441:
1430:
1427:
1421:
1418:
1412:
1406:
1400:
1394:
1388:
1382:
1369:
1362:
1356:
1350:
1344:
1338:
1332:
1326:
1315:
1309:
1303:
1297:
1288:
1282:
1276:
1270:
1264:
1258:
1243:
1236:Radio Courtoisie
1232:
1226:
1222:
1216:
1205:
1199:
1168:
1162:
1159:L'Erreur spirite
1151:
1145:
1130:
1124:
1123:
1097:
1091:
1076:
1070:
1067:
1041:William Stoddart
1021:Reza Shah-Kazemi
951:William Chittick
924:Alain de Benoist
845:Italian Fascists
823:King Charles III
655:Reza Shah-Kazemi
639:Lord Northbourne
627:William Stoddart
615:Titus Burckhardt
531:religio perennis
519:religio perennis
442:
435:
428:
82:
59:
58:
21:
2448:
2447:
2443:
2442:
2441:
2439:
2438:
2437:
2428:Neo-romanticism
2388:
2387:
2316:
2289:
2210:
2186:
2028:Harry Oldmeadow
2003:
2001:Further reading
1998:
1997:
1987:
1980:
1972:
1968:
1958:
1954:, A&C Black
1902:
1884:
1866:
1858:, Word Wisdom,
1848:
1821:
1799:
1774:
1773:978-193331673-4
1725:
1720:
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1424:
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1415:
1407:
1403:
1395:
1391:
1383:
1372:
1363:
1359:
1355:, p. xiii.
1351:
1347:
1339:
1335:
1331:, p. 1270.
1327:
1318:
1310:
1306:
1298:
1291:
1283:
1279:
1271:
1267:
1263:, p. xiii.
1259:
1255:
1251:
1246:
1233:
1229:
1223:
1219:
1206:
1202:
1169:
1165:
1152:
1148:
1131:
1127:
1120:
1098:
1094:
1077:
1073:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1055:
1026:Philip Sherrard
996:Harry Oldmeadow
956:James Cutsinger
936:
928:Nouvelle Droite
906:Aleksandr Dugin
840:Nouvelle Droite
831:
819:
814:
806:
764:
728:
720:
715:
675:
651:Harry Oldmeadow
611:Frithjof Schuon
599:
535:sophia perennis
515:sophia perennis
503:
497:
481:Frithjof Schuon
446:
417:
416:
317:
316:Notable figures
309:
308:
299:Typhonian Order
290:
258:
250:
249:
235:Rite of passage
178:
170:
169:
90:
54:Frithjof Schuon
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2446:
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2430:
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2420:
2415:
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2384:
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2346:
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2327:
2322:
2315:
2314:External links
2312:
2311:
2310:
2303:Antoine Faivre
2299:
2298:
2294:
2293:
2287:
2272:
2258:
2244:
2227:
2214:
2208:
2202:. SUNY Press.
2190:
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2164:
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2149:
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2135:
2125:
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2008:
2007:
2002:
1999:
1996:
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1978:
1965:
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1963:
1962:
1957:
1956:
1947:
1928:(3): 553â566,
1914:
1905:
1901:978-1532825347
1900:
1887:
1883:978-1597311311
1882:
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1694:
1687:
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1660:
1642:
1635:
1617:
1615:, p. 322.
1605:
1593:
1581:
1579:, p. 242.
1569:
1543:
1531:
1524:
1504:
1483:(3): 228â283.
1460:
1448:
1446:, p. 128.
1431:
1422:
1413:
1401:
1389:
1387:, p. 127.
1370:
1357:
1345:
1341:Oldmeadow 2010
1333:
1316:
1314:, p. 554.
1304:
1302:, p. vii.
1300:Oldmeadow 2010
1289:
1287:, p. xii.
1277:
1265:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1244:
1227:
1217:
1200:
1174:branch of the
1163:
1146:
1125:
1118:
1092:
1071:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1036:Wolfgang Smith
1033:
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1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
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953:
948:
943:
937:
935:
932:
910:Vladimir Putin
830:
827:
818:
817:United Kingdom
815:
813:
810:
805:
802:
798:Muhammad Ajmal
763:
760:
742:organized the
727:
724:
719:
716:
714:
711:
674:
671:
598:
595:
583:on the Real".
496:
493:
489:Alexandr Dugin
453:Traditionalism
448:
447:
445:
444:
437:
430:
422:
419:
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288:Rosicrucianism
285:
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177:Esoteric rites
176:
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165:Traditionalism
162:
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26:
9:
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3:
2:
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2301:
2300:
2296:
2295:
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2284:
2280:
2279:
2273:
2271:
2270:0-7914-3213-0
2267:
2263:
2259:
2257:
2256:1-4537-8952-9
2253:
2249:
2245:
2243:
2242:0-06-250787-7
2239:
2235:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2225:0-8126-9310-8
2222:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2205:
2201:
2200:
2195:
2194:Nasr, Hossein
2191:
2187:
2181:
2177:
2176:
2171:
2170:Evola, Julius
2167:
2166:
2162:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2152:Roger Griffin
2150:
2147:
2143:
2142:
2138:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2126:
2123:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2113:2-84454-423-1
2110:
2106:
2102:
2099:
2096:
2092:
2089:
2086:
2082:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2066:Xavier Accart
2064:
2063:
2059:
2058:
2054:
2053:MESA Bulletin
2050:
2046:
2045:Carl W. Ernst
2043:
2041:
2040:955-9028-04-9
2037:
2033:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2023:0-19-515297-2
2020:
2017:
2013:
2012:Mark Sedgwick
2010:
2009:
2005:
2004:
1993:
1992:
1985:
1983:
1975:
1970:
1966:
1960:
1959:
1953:
1948:
1945:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1918:Smith, Huston
1915:
1911:
1906:
1903:
1897:
1893:
1888:
1885:
1879:
1875:
1870:
1867:
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1857:
1852:
1849:
1843:
1839:
1834:
1830:
1825:
1822:
1820:0-415-21494-7
1816:
1813:, Routledge,
1811:
1810:
1803:
1800:
1794:
1790:
1785:
1784:
1780:
1779:
1775:
1769:
1765:
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1747:
1742:
1738:
1733:
1732:
1728:
1727:
1714:
1710:
1709:
1704:
1703:"Trapaceiros"
1698:
1690:
1684:
1680:
1679:
1671:
1663:
1657:
1653:
1646:
1638:
1632:
1628:
1621:
1614:
1609:
1602:
1601:Sedgwick 2004
1597:
1590:
1589:Sedgwick 2004
1585:
1578:
1577:Sedgwick 2004
1573:
1558:
1554:
1547:
1540:
1539:Mark Sedgwick
1535:
1527:
1521:
1517:
1516:
1508:
1499:
1498:2027.42/43810
1494:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1471:
1464:
1458:, p. 13.
1457:
1456:Sedgwick 2004
1452:
1445:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1426:
1417:
1411:, p. 48.
1410:
1405:
1398:
1393:
1386:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1367:
1361:
1354:
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1321:
1313:
1308:
1301:
1296:
1294:
1286:
1281:
1274:
1269:
1262:
1261:Sedgwick 2004
1257:
1253:
1241:
1237:
1231:
1221:
1214:
1210:
1204:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1188:Carl W. Ernst
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1167:
1160:
1156:
1150:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1129:
1121:
1115:
1111:
1110:
1103:
1096:
1089:
1088:0-946621-08-X
1085:
1081:
1075:
1066:
1062:
1052:
1051:Elémire Zolla
1049:
1047:
1046:Michel Valsan
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1006:Whitall Perry
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
976:Patrick Laude
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
946:Kurt Almqvist
944:
942:
939:
938:
931:
929:
925:
921:
919:
915:
911:
907:
903:
899:
895:
889:
884:
882:
878:
877:Mark Sedgwick
874:
872:
868:
863:
861:
857:
856:Mircea Eliade
852:
850:
849:Years of Lead
846:
842:
841:
835:
826:
824:
809:
801:
799:
795:
791:
786:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
759:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
723:
710:
708:
704:
700:
696:
691:
688:
684:
679:
670:
668:
667:Mircea Eliade
664:
660:
659:Patrick Laude
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
594:
591:
589:
588:Enlightenment
584:
579:
577:
573:
569:
568:
563:
562:
557:
551:
546:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
522:
520:
516:
512:
508:
502:
492:
490:
486:
482:
478:
477:Mircea Eliade
474:
470:
466:
462:
461:Mark Sedgwick
458:
454:
443:
438:
436:
431:
429:
424:
423:
421:
420:
413:
410:
408:
405:
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368:
365:
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355:
353:
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343:
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338:
335:
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328:
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320:
319:
313:
312:
305:
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297:
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292:
289:
286:
284:
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279:
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260:
254:
253:
246:
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241:
238:
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226:
223:
221:
218:
216:
213:
211:
208:
206:
203:
201:
198:
196:
193:
189:
188:Body of light
186:
185:
184:
181:
180:
174:
173:
166:
163:
161:
158:
156:
153:
151:
148:
146:
143:
141:
138:
136:
133:
131:
128:
126:
123:
121:
118:
116:
113:
111:
108:
106:
103:
101:
98:
96:
93:
92:
86:
85:
81:
77:
76:
72:
71:
67:
66:
61:
60:
55:
51:
47:
43:
37:
33:
19:
2413:Conservatism
2385:
2379:
2336:
2306:
2297:Perennialism
2277:
2261:
2247:
2233:
2230:Huston Smith
2217:
2198:
2174:
2155:
2145:
2139:Julius Evola
2131:
2121:
2104:
2094:
2084:
2069:
2052:
2031:
2015:
1990:
1969:
1951:
1925:
1921:
1909:
1891:
1873:
1855:
1837:
1828:
1808:
1788:
1763:
1754:
1745:
1736:
1713:the original
1706:
1697:
1677:
1670:
1651:
1645:
1626:
1620:
1608:
1596:
1584:
1572:
1560:. Retrieved
1556:
1546:
1534:
1514:
1507:
1480:
1476:
1463:
1451:
1425:
1416:
1404:
1399:, p. 5.
1392:
1360:
1348:
1336:
1307:
1280:
1268:
1256:
1239:
1230:
1220:
1211:in Fabbri's
1208:
1203:
1195:
1179:
1166:
1158:
1154:
1149:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1128:
1108:
1102:spirituality
1095:
1079:
1074:
1065:
1031:Huston Smith
1001:Marco Pallis
981:Tage Lindbom
922:
902:Donald Trump
898:Steve Bannon
891:
886:
880:
875:
867:Savitri Devi
864:
853:
838:
834:Julius Evola
832:
820:
807:
787:
773:and his son
767:Hasan Askari
765:
732:Ali Shariati
729:
721:
692:
680:
676:
663:Julius Evola
643:Huston Smith
635:Marco Pallis
623:Hossein Nasr
619:Martin Lings
600:
592:
585:
581:
575:
571:
565:
559:
555:
553:
548:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
524:
518:
514:
510:
507:metaphysical
504:
473:Julius Evola
452:
451:
230:Propitiation
164:
89:Key concepts
64:
2418:Neo-Vedanta
2340:(dead link)
2132:Rene Guenon
2122:René Guénon
2060:René Guénon
1961:Web-sources
1409:Guénon 2001
1397:Schuon 2009
1329:Taylor 2008
1184:Sunni Islam
1011:A. K. Saran
941:Ivan Aguéli
847:during the
812:In the West
790:A. K. Brohi
718:In the East
699:Freemasonry
673:René Guénon
603:René Guénon
543:philosophia
541:to that of
465:René Guénon
463:identified
278:Golden Dawn
273:Freemasonry
135:Metaphysics
120:Hermeticism
73:Esotericism
46:René Guénon
2392:Categories
2335:Review of
2309:11 (1990).
1562:17 October
1444:Kalin 2015
1385:Kalin 2015
1312:Smith 1987
1249:References
1172:Maryamiyya
1016:Leo Schaya
860:Iron Guard
499:See also:
397:Pythagoras
392:Paracelsus
268:Ălus CoĂ«ns
225:Meditation
220:Invocation
215:Initiation
195:Divination
1781:Secondary
966:Jean Hani
904:adviser,
900:, former
713:Influence
707:Spiritism
703:Theosophy
525:The term
372:Ibn Arabi
357:Gurdjieff
342:Dionysius
322:Blavatsky
283:Martinism
245:Sacrifice
205:Evocation
160:Theosophy
145:Mysticism
110:Astrology
2196:(1989).
2172:(2002).
1153:Cf. his
1142:Regnabit
934:See also
783:madrassa
762:Pakistan
687:Shadhili
210:Exorcism
125:Kabbalah
65:a series
62:Part of
2264:(1996)
2158:(1985).
2148:(1987).
2134:(1984).
2130:, ed.,
2124:(1985).
2107:(2006)
2097:(1971).
2087:(1981).
2055:(1994).
2051:in the
2034:(2000)
1944:1464070
1729:Primary
1723:Sources
1708:YouTube
1368:, 2016.
1104:. See:
804:Morocco
495:Concept
407:Steiner
387:Mathers
332:Crowley
155:Thelema
105:Alchemy
2285:
2268:
2254:
2240:
2223:
2206:
2182:
2111:
2076:
2038:
2021:
1942:
1898:
1880:
1862:
1844:
1817:
1795:
1770:
1685:
1658:
1633:
1522:
1116:
1086:
918:Jobbik
754:, and
683:Sufism
657:, and
597:People
556:sophia
539:sophia
402:Schuon
352:Guénon
294:Tariqa
150:Occult
115:Gnosis
2307:Aries
1940:JSTOR
1477:NUMEN
1473:(PDF)
1058:Notes
574:â of
412:Waite
347:Evola
327:Böhme
130:Magic
2283:ISBN
2266:ISBN
2252:ISBN
2238:ISBN
2221:ISBN
2204:ISBN
2180:ISBN
2109:ISBN
2074:ISBN
2036:ISBN
2019:ISBN
1896:ISBN
1878:ISBN
1860:ISBN
1842:ISBN
1815:ISBN
1793:ISBN
1768:ISBN
1683:ISBN
1656:ISBN
1631:ISBN
1564:2023
1520:ISBN
1114:ISBN
1084:ISBN
726:Iran
697:and
576:Atma
572:Maya
567:Maya
564:and
561:Atma
487:and
382:LĂ©vi
377:Jung
362:Hall
263:AâŽAâŽ
52:and
1930:doi
1493:hdl
1485:doi
1234:On
1194:,"
879:'s
337:Dee
2394::
2378:,
2232:,
2103:,
2080:).
2068:,
2047:,
2030:,
2014:,
1981:^
1938:,
1926:55
1924:,
1894:,
1705:.
1555:.
1491:.
1481:42
1479:.
1475:.
1434:^
1373:^
1319:^
1292:^
1190::
896::
862:.
851:.
800:.
758:.
750:,
653:,
649:,
645:,
641:,
637:,
633:,
629:,
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