564:
288:
757:
734:
501:
426:
692:
152:
free skate, seniors can perform up to three lifts, but not all from the same group, and the man's lifting arm(s) must be fully extended; juniors can perform up to two lifts, also not all from the same group and with the man's lifting arm(s) also fully extended. If two Group Five lifts are executed, their take-off must be of a different nature; if their take-off is not different, they receive no points for the second executed lift. Judges look for the following when evaluating pair lifts: speed of entry and exit; control of the woman's free leg when she is exiting out of the lift, with the goal of keeping the leg high and sweeping; the position of the woman in the air; the man's footwork; quick and easy changes of position; and the maintenance of flow throughout the lift.
586:
110:. There are five groups of lifts in pair skating, categorized in order of increasing level of difficulty. Judges look for the following when evaluating pair lifts: speed of entry and exit; control of the woman's free leg when she is exiting out of the lift, with the goal of keeping the leg high and sweeping; the position of the woman in the air; the man's footwork; quick and easy changes of position; and the maintenance of flow throughout the lift. Twist lifts are "the most thrilling and exciting component in pair skating". They can also be the most difficult movement to perform correctly. They require more strength and coordination than many other pair elements, and are usually the first or second element in a program. According to the
380:
673:
715:
479:
the woman's waist and without any part of her upper body touching him); and a one-foot exit executed by both partners. Pair teams can earn more points if the woman executes a split position (each leg is at least 45° from her body axis and her legs are straight or almost straight) before rotating. They also earn more points when the man's arms are sideways and straight or almost straight after he releases the woman. They lose points for not having enough rotations, one-half a rotation or more. According to former pair skater Archie Tse, stronger teams emphasize the delay between the man throwing the woman up in the air and reaching up to catch her by putting his hands down by his sides while she is in flight.
311:
545:
523:
277:
lifts do not count as features in the short program and count towards the score only the first time they are performed during the free skate. Only half a revolution made by the man is allowed on the carry lift's take-off and/or exit. There are no restrictions of holds in carry lifts, and the "carrying of one partner by the other on the back, shoulders or knees is allowed". A simple carry lift lasts at least three seconds. A difficult carry includes at least one of the following features, for at least three seconds: the man skates on one foot, he performs crossovers, or he holds his partner on one arm, and he performs spread eagles or similar moves.
605:
357:
666:
so the woman's weight, which should be balanced in the center of her blade, is distributed over a larger area of her partner's body. Ice dance teams practice lifts off the ice at first, and then women use blade guards and men wear foam guards under their clothing when they move to working on lifts on the ice. Eventually, the man's body adapts; he develops tolerance and calluses on his thighs and other body parts. Since ice dance lifts are shorter than pair lifts, the actual time the woman stands on the man tends to be about three seconds. Standing lifts are also easier than the more complex, acrobatic ice dance lifts.
273:
ends when the man's arm or arms begins to bend after he completes a full extension and when the woman begins to descend. If the woman changes position, from upright with her head upwards to upright with her head downwards, or from "Platter to
Platter, Star to Star with half a rotation of the Woman in any direction", it is considered a change position. Pair teams earn more points if the variation of the woman's position in the air "significantly impacts the balance of the Woman in the lift or requires specific strength and/or flexibility", and "only if the variations are significantly different from lift to lift".
456:
to the ISU, the "Woman must be caught in the air at the waist by the Man prior to landing and be assisted to a smooth landing on the ice on a backward outside edge on one foot" during a twist lift. Pair teams begin a twist lift after "barreling down the ice backward"; the man then places both hands on his partner's waist, and she places both hands on his wrists. She begins the takeoff by jamming her toe pick into the ice, which launches her into the air. He attempts to get underneath the momentum of her jump, boosting her beyond where she would be able to reach on her own, without his assistance.
156:
44:
403:
334:
2165:
2175:
475:. (The toe loop and Axel are less common.) The woman completes the twist at the top of the twist lift by pulling her arms close to her body, crossing her legs together, and rotating freely in the air, high above her partner's head. During her rotations, he turns half a turn to catch her at the waist as she lands on the ice on the backward outside edge of one foot.
252:
legs, are also allowed. Small lifts can be either descending and ascending or rotational in character. A simple take-off includes, but is not limited to, a change of hand hold during ascent. A difficult take-off includes, but is not limited to, the following: a somersault take-off; a one-hand take-off, an
658:, work with acrobats to develop their lifts. They have also become more acrobatic, despite the fact that they do not get as high as pair skating lifts because ice dance lifts cannot be supported over the man's shoulder. Dance lifts have also become more dangerous, resulting in more falls and injuries.
638:
The ISU defines dance lifts as "a movement in which one of the partners is elevated with active and/or passive assistance of the other partner to any permitted height, sustained there and set down on the ice". Dance lifts are delineated from pair lifts to ensure that ice dance and pair skating remain
455:
calls twist lifts "sometimes the most thrilling and exciting component in pair skating". They can also be most difficult movement to perform correctly. Twist lifts require more strength and coordination than many other pair elements, and are usually the first or second element in a program. According
151:
There are five groups of pair lifts, determined by the hold at the moment the woman passes the man's shoulder. For the 2022-2023 season, any Group Five lasso lift take-off is required in pair skating short programs for both juniors and seniors, and only the prescribed overhead lift is allowed. In the
125:
The ISU defines dance lifts as "a movement in which one of the partners is elevated with active and/or passive assistance of the other partner to any permitted height, sustained there and set down on the ice". Dance lifts are delineated from pair lifts to ensure that ice dance and pair skating remain
787:
The rotation must be visible, and the man's hands must remain clearly above his shoulders while lifting his partner; if not, the lift is considered a Group Four lift. Group Five lifts are identified by the woman's take-off, the hand grip, and the partners' positions relative to each other when they
268:
There must be one full revolution after a change of hold is made for it to count towards a team's score, but the man can change holds from his left to right arms, or from his right to left arms, with at least one revolution in each hold.Teams earn fewer points if the woman's position and a change of
665:
Since dance lifts cannot be as high as pair lifts, a common dance lift is the standing lift, which occurs when the woman stands on her male partner. Injuries and falls occur, especially during training, but they tend to be minor because skating blades are thick, 0.15 inches to 0.25 inches in width,
272:
There are three types of positions performed by the woman: upright, or when her upper body is vertical; the star, or when she faces sideways with her upper body parallel to the ice; and the platter, or when her position is flat and facing up or down with her upper body parallel to the ice. The lift
478:
Judges look for the following when evaluating twist lifts: the speed at entry and exit; whether or not the woman performs a split position while on her way to the top of the twist lift; her height once she gets there; clean rotations; a clean catch by the man (accomplished by placing both hands at
661:
There are two types of dance lifts: short lifts, which should be done in under seven seconds; and combination lifts, which should be done in under 12 seconds. There are four types of short lifts: the stationary lift, the straight-line lift, the Curve lift, and the
Rotational lift. There are three
276:
Carry lifts are defined as "the simple carrying of a partner without rotation" and do not count as overhead lifts; instead, they are considered as transition elements. They occur when the man makes at least one continuous revolution, although only the first carry counts towards their score. Carry
247:
Judges begin counting how many revolutions pair teams execute from the moment when the woman leaves the ice until when the man's arm (or arms) begin to bend after he has made a full extension and the woman begins to descend. If he is in a spread-eagle position or in another sideways position, the
251:
A complete pair skating lift must include full extension of the lifting arm or arms, if required for the type of lift being performed. Small lifts, or ones in which the man does not raise his hands higher than his shoulders, or lifts that include movements in which the man holds the woman by the
280:
Pair skaters experience the most injuries of all figure skating disciplines. Off-ice training is crucial in making pair skaters more confident in their own skating and have more trust in their partners. Lifts are done on the floor before they are attempted on the ice, and the man's footwork is
264:
as the entry curve executed by one or both partners; or a dance lift followed immediately by a pair lift take-off, but when the woman does not touch the ice between each lift. Simple landings include a change of hold during the descent. Difficult landings include, but are not limited to, the
208:
If the lift is accomplished with a simple loop-type take-off and the woman position is vertical, with her head up facing either direction and with no other variations, the lift is categorized as a Group Two position; any other position by the woman is categorized as a Group Three position.
265:
following: somersaults; one-hand landings; variations in holds; and spread-eagle positions of the man during dismounting, but "only if the spread-eagle lasts long enough: from the moment the Man starts bending his arms till the moment the Woman is placed on the ice".
269:
hold is executed at the same time. They earn more points if the execution of the woman's position and the change in hold are "significantly different from lift to lift". Teams can increase the difficulty of lifts in any group by using a one-hand hold.
756:
134:(IJS), dance lifts became more "athletic, dramatic and exciting". There are two types of dance lifts: short lifts, which should be done in under seven seconds; and combination lifts, which should be done in under 12 seconds. A well-balanced
114:(ISU), "the Woman must be caught in the air at the waist by the Man prior to landing and be assisted to a smooth landing on the ice on a backward outside edge on one foot" during a twist lift. A pair lift and twist lift is required in the
287:
563:
500:
604:
281:
emphasized to ensure that his turns are accurate and safe for his partner. Their coaches also teach partners how to have firm wrist and finger grips, as well as how to communicate with each other non-verbally.
425:
1699:
733:
691:
585:
662:
types of combination lifts: two
Rotational lifts in different directions, two Curve lifts performed in a serpentine pattern, and different two types of short lifts performed together.
714:
310:
544:
379:
879:
672:
2097:
467:
during her take-off. In the free skate, there are no limits on the amount of revolutions pair teams can perform, and the woman's take-off can include the Lutz, flip,
522:
356:
2087:
1689:
1360:
1418:
348:
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In their short programs, both senior and junior pair teams can perform two or three rotations in the air, but the woman can only perform either a
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241:
The woman must rotate around the man or in relation to him "during the lifting process between the take-off and the fully extended position".
1684:
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1200:
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1897:
767:
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491:
301:
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1658:
1653:
875:
2082:
2072:
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1388:
417:
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633:
514:
1287:
2062:
1623:
1423:
1339:
1323:
1112:
1252:
2077:
1613:
2067:
1637:
1618:
2031:
2016:
1760:
2199:
1633:
1448:
2178:
168:
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115:
821:
1958:
1735:
651:
257:
1413:
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344:
155:
2021:
1938:
1667:
1408:
439:
111:
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rotation count is determined by the position of his front foot at the moment the woman leaves the ice.
17:
1354:
1080:
1453:
43:
2011:
2168:
1374:
1351:. (Rulebook) Colorado Springs, Colorado: U.S Figure Skating. July 2022. Retrieved 8 August 2022.
1953:
1730:
1582:
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The first quadruple twist lift performed in international competition was by
Russian pair team
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135:
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1478:
510:
2006:
1750:
1740:
1519:
748:
325:
1348:
8:
1948:
1468:
1463:
1363:" (PDF). (Tech Panel) International Skating Union. 15 July 2022. Retrieved 6 August 2022.
1355:"Special Regulations & Technical Rules Single & Pair Skating and Ice Dance 2022".
550:
253:
2209:
1540:
1483:
647:
394:
371:
131:
73:
650:(IJS), dance lifts became more "athletic, dramatic and exciting". American ice dancer
1335:
1319:
1048:
763:
720:
536:
483:
386:
2121:
1567:
1038:
506:
293:
595:
2114:
1552:
744:
724:
654:
states that lifts have become "increasingly difficult", requiring teams to, like
569:
487:
409:
321:
297:
1357:
International
Skating Union. 2022. Retrieved 25 September 2022 (S&P/ID 2022)
1043:
1026:
1837:
1811:
1572:
1504:
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573:
554:
435:
164:
99:
34:
2193:
1806:
1755:
740:
468:
317:
230:
The woman, during Group Four lifts, can "only rotate together with the Man".
1288:"Here's How Figure Skaters Can Stand on Their Partners without Hurting Them"
2135:
2128:
2026:
1943:
1887:
1877:
1872:
1832:
1827:
1801:
1577:
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1524:
1509:
1458:
1052:
698:
678:
655:
452:
160:
119:
103:
83:
49:
2142:
1985:
1933:
1912:
1902:
615:
528:
2149:
1867:
1849:
1781:
1488:
702:
682:
643:
619:
591:
431:
340:
127:
53:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1776:
1514:
472:
464:
460:
367:
363:
107:
87:
1980:
1844:
829:
532:
413:
390:
1917:
1366:
126:
separate disciplines. After the judging system changed from the
792:, pp. 21–22, for a list of the types of Group Five pair lifts.
217:
Hand to hip or upper part of the leg (above the knee) position
1201:"Ice Dancing: A Dance Form Frozen in Place by Hostile Rules"
1227:"Two Olympic Champs Explain Why Ice Dancing Is Not Boring"
611:
1113:"That Time I Broke My Nose Trying to Do a Triple Twist"
634:
Competition elements in ice dance § Dance lifts
614:(click picture to see) of North Korean pair skaters
1349:"The 2022-23 Official U.S. Figure Skating Rulebook"
1330:Vescovi, Jason D.; VanHeest, Jaci L., eds. (2018).
1318:. Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois Press.
1361:"Technical Panel Handbook: Pair Skating 2022–2023
2191:
1991:World Professional Figure Skating Championships
1329:
1137:
1135:
1133:
1058:
990:
988:
986:
976:
974:
876:"Dangerous Drama: Dance Lifts Becoming 'Scary'"
1185:
1183:
1011:
1009:
955:
953:
951:
949:
947:
945:
1382:
1192:
1024:
935:
933:
931:
929:
901:
899:
897:
816:
814:
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808:
1270:
1162:
1130:
1106:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1098:
997:
983:
971:
962:
788:commence their take-off. See the 2018/2019
98:are required elements in two disciplines of
1180:
1006:
942:
869:
867:
865:
762:French ice dancers Gabriella Papadakis and
1389:
1375:
1025:Fortin, Joseph D.; Roberts, Diana (2003).
926:
894:
853:
805:
642:After the judging system changed from the
42:
1250:
1224:
1095:
1042:
598:of Italy at the 2024 World Championships
1285:
1070:
862:
418:2006 German Figure Skating Championships
154:
1286:Praderio, Caroline (19 February 2018).
873:
238:Hand to hand position (Lasso Lift type)
227:Hand to hand position (Press Lift type)
138:in ice dance must include dance lifts.
14:
2192:
1251:Zuckerman, Esther (14 February 2014).
1198:
1370:
1027:"Competitive Figure Skating Injuries"
2174:
1225:Blakinger, Keri (19 February 2016).
1071:Anderson, Chris (10 February 2014).
882:from the original on 6 November 2017
122:in pair skating must include lifts.
1244:
1110:
1079:. Sarasota, Florida. Archived from
24:
1396:
874:Brannen, Sarah S. (13 July 2012).
349:2004 Four Continents Championships
25:
2221:
2032:World Figure Skating Hall of Fame
1761:Competition elements in ice dance
1409:International Skating Union (ISU)
727:of Russia performing a curve lift
557:of Italy at the 2019 Cup of China
118:of pair skating; a well-balanced
2173:
2164:
2163:
2098:Highest historical junior scores
1253:"A Quick GIF Guide to Ice Dance"
1111:Tse, Archie (14 February 2018).
755:
732:
713:
690:
671:
603:
584:
562:
543:
521:
499:
424:
401:
378:
355:
332:
309:
286:
1279:
1218:
1171:
1153:
1144:
1073:"Danger Lurks in Pairs Skating"
1064:
1018:
781:
766:performing a curve lift at the
141:
1308:
1199:Reiter, Susan (1 March 1995).
917:
908:
844:
627:
447:
13:
1:
1629:Four Continents Championships
1332:The science of figure skating
799:
685:at the 2018 Winter Olympics.
622:performing a twist lift, 2018
146:
1059:Vescovi & VanHeest (2018
923:S&P/ID 2022, pp. 118–119
774:
513:of the United States at the
7:
768:2018 European Championships
707:2010 Canadian Championships
492:1977 European Championships
440:2018 Grand Prix of Helsinki
302:2020 European Championships
112:International Skating Union
10:
2226:
2068:Figure skaters (ice dance)
2037:World Figure Sport Society
1695:Junior World Challenge Cup
1690:World Junior Championships
1659:World Junior Championships
631:
578:2016 Winter Youth Olympics
56:perform an ice dance lift.
2159:
2106:
2088:Highest historical scores
2045:
1999:
1971:
1926:
1858:
1820:
1769:
1723:
1712:
1677:
1604:
1595:
1533:
1497:
1441:
1432:
1404:
1316:Figure Skating: A History
186:
183:
180:
79:
69:
61:
41:
32:
2012:Doping in figure skating
1314:Hines, James R. (2006).
790:Technical Panel Handbook
515:2024 World Championships
27:Figure skating technique
2200:Figure skating elements
1334:. New York: Routledge.
1189:S&P/ID 2022, p. 130
1159:S&P/ID 2022, p. 120
1150:S&P/ID 2022, p. 117
1044:10.36076/ppj.2003/6/313
1015:S&P/ID 2022, p. 114
939:S&P/ID 2022, p. 119
914:S&P/ID 2022, p. 115
905:S&P/ID 2022, p. 113
859:S&P/ID 2021, p. 126
167:perform a pair lift at
2063:Figure skaters (pairs)
2058:Figure skaters (women)
1731:Choreographic sequence
1624:European Championships
1424:Records and statistics
639:separate disciplines.
172:
35:Figure skating element
2093:Highest junior scores
511:Maximiliano Fernandez
158:
48:Canadian ice dancers
2053:Figure skaters (men)
2007:Adult figure skating
1678:Synchronized skating
1520:Synchronized skating
1414:National federations
1257:The Atlantic Monthly
749:2010 Winter Olympics
326:2010 Winter Olympics
300:from Ukraine at the
195:Armpit hold position
120:free skating program
96:Figure skating lifts
70:Scoring abbreviation
1685:World Championships
1654:Youth Olympic Games
1619:World Championships
1231:New York Daily News
1177:Hines (2011), p. 57
551:Nicole Della Monica
205:Waist hold position
177:
1927:Moves in the field
1546:Demise and revival
1541:Compulsory figures
1484:ISU Judging System
1117:The New York Times
822:"Skating Glossary"
648:ISU Judging System
395:2006 Skate America
372:2007 Skate America
175:
173:
136:free dance program
132:ISU Judging System
2187:
2186:
1967:
1966:
1861:and basic strokes
1724:Required elements
1708:
1707:
1700:Challenger Series
1664:Junior Grand Prix
1649:World Team Trophy
1644:Challenger Series
1591:
1590:
1449:Glossary of terms
1341:978-1-138-22986-0
1324:978-0-252-07286-4
1168:Tech Panel, p. 26
1003:Tech panel, p. 20
994:Tech panel, p. 24
980:Tech panel, p. 22
968:Tech panel, p. 23
959:Tech panel, p. 21
850:Tech panel, p. 26
764:Guillaume Cizeron
721:Ekaterina Bobrova
576:of Russia at the
537:2019 Cup of China
484:Marina Cherkasova
387:Anabelle Langlois
245:
244:
176:Pair lift groups
169:2018 Skate Canada
93:
92:
16:(Redirected from
2217:
2177:
2176:
2167:
2166:
2122:The Cutting Edge
1908:
1883:
1721:
1720:
1602:
1601:
1568:Compulsory dance
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1438:
1391:
1384:
1377:
1368:
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1345:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1292:Business Insider
1283:
1277:
1276:Rulebook, p. 249
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1141:Rulebook, p. 217
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903:
892:
891:
889:
887:
871:
860:
857:
851:
848:
842:
841:
839:
837:
832:on 6 August 2020
828:. Archived from
818:
793:
785:
759:
736:
717:
694:
675:
607:
588:
566:
547:
535:of China at the
525:
507:Valentina Plazas
503:
428:
405:
382:
362:Chinese skaters
359:
345:John Baldwin Jr.
336:
313:
294:Sofiia Nesterova
290:
178:
174:
46:
30:
29:
21:
2225:
2224:
2220:
2219:
2218:
2216:
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2214:
2190:
2189:
2188:
2183:
2155:
2115:Blades of Glory
2102:
2041:
2017:Country changes
1995:
1973:
1963:
1922:
1906:
1881:
1860:
1854:
1816:
1765:
1716:
1714:
1704:
1673:
1606:
1605:Singles, pairs
1597:
1587:
1553:Special figures
1529:
1493:
1434:
1428:
1419:World Standings
1400:
1395:
1342:
1311:
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1294:
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1275:
1271:
1261:
1259:
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1223:
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1209:
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1188:
1181:
1176:
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1167:
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1158:
1154:
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1145:
1140:
1131:
1121:
1119:
1109:
1096:
1086:
1084:
1083:on 18 June 2021
1069:
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1007:
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993:
984:
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967:
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958:
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927:
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913:
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883:
878:. Ice Network.
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745:Benjamin Agosto
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725:Dmitri Soloviev
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570:Alina Ustimkina
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1061:, p. 36).
1037:(3): 313–318.
1031:Pain Physician
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574:Nikita Volodin
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436:Ryuichi Kihara
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652:Charlie White
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165:Trent Michaud
162:
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116:short program
113:
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19:
2205:Pair skating
2148:
2141:
2136:Spinning Out
2134:
2129:Ice Princess
2127:
2120:
2113:
2078:Competitions
2027:Kiss and cry
1972:Professional
1959:Spread eagle
1944:Hydroblading
1918:Twizzle turn
1888:Counter turn
1878:Choctaw turn
1873:Bracket turn
1859:Steps, turns
1833:Layback spin
1828:Upright spin
1802:Salchow jump
1745:
1736:Death spiral
1598:competitions
1578:Rhythm dance
1563:Free skating
1525:Four skating
1510:Pair skating
1459:Figure skate
1331:
1315:
1295:. Retrieved
1291:
1281:
1272:
1260:. Retrieved
1256:
1246:
1236:21 September
1234:. Retrieved
1230:
1220:
1208:. Retrieved
1204:
1194:
1173:
1164:
1155:
1146:
1120:. Retrieved
1116:
1085:. Retrieved
1081:the original
1076:
1066:
1034:
1030:
1020:
999:
964:
919:
910:
884:. Retrieved
855:
846:
834:. Retrieved
830:the original
826:Skate Canada
825:
789:
783:
699:Kharis Ralph
679:Tessa Virtue
664:
660:
656:pair skaters
641:
637:
481:
477:
458:
453:Skate Canada
451:
279:
275:
271:
267:
258:spread-eagle
250:
246:
161:Evelyn Walsh
150:
142:Pair skating
124:
104:pair skating
95:
94:
84:Pair skating
62:Element name
50:Tessa Virtue
33:
2143:Yuri on Ice
1986:Ice theatre
1934:Besti squat
1913:Rocker turn
1903:Mohawk turn
1498:Disciplines
1474:Competition
1433:Competitive
1309:Works cited
628:Dance lifts
616:Ryom Tae-ok
529:Sui Wenjing
448:Twist lifts
80:Disciplines
2194:Categories
2150:Zero Chill
2022:Grand Slam
1939:Cantilever
1868:Three turn
1850:Camel spin
1782:Euler jump
1634:Grand Prix
1583:Free dance
1489:6.0 system
800:References
739:Americans
703:Asher Hill
697:Canadians
683:Scott Moir
644:6.0 system
620:Kim Ju-sik
592:Sara Conti
432:Miu Suzaki
385:Canadians
341:Rena Inoue
339:Americans
159:Canadians
147:Pair lifts
128:6.0 system
54:Scott Moir
18:Twist lift
2210:Ice dance
1981:Ice shows
1949:Ina Bauer
1898:Loop turn
1893:Crossover
1797:Lutz jump
1792:Loop jump
1787:Flip jump
1777:Axel jump
1715:and other
1515:Ice dance
1057:Cited in
775:Footnotes
610:Animated
368:Tong Jian
364:Pang Qing
254:Ina Bauer
184:Position
108:ice dance
88:Ice dance
2169:Category
1845:Sit spin
1713:Elements
1534:Segments
1297:8 August
1262:8 August
1210:8 August
1122:8 August
1087:7 August
1053:16880878
886:6 August
880:Archived
836:6 August
533:Han Cong
469:toe loop
414:Rico Rex
408:Germans
391:Cody Hay
2179:Commons
1974:skating
1454:History
1442:General
1435:skating
646:to the
490:at the
324:at the
262:spirals
181:Groups
130:to the
1954:Spiral
1907:
1882:
1479:Season
1338:
1322:
1051:
594:&
509:&
187:Notes
2046:Lists
2000:Other
1909:step)
1884:step)
1821:Spins
1770:Jumps
1751:Spins
1746:Lifts
1741:Jumps
1717:moves
1668:Final
1638:Final
471:, or
214:Three
1469:Club
1464:Rink
1336:ISBN
1320:ISBN
1299:2022
1264:2022
1238:2022
1212:2022
1124:2022
1089:2022
1049:PMID
888:2022
838:2022
743:and
723:and
701:and
681:and
618:and
572:and
553:and
531:and
486:and
473:Axel
465:Lutz
461:flip
434:and
412:and
389:and
366:and
343:and
320:and
296:and
256:, a
235:Five
224:Four
163:and
106:and
65:Lift
52:and
1039:doi
612:GIF
463:or
202:Two
192:One
2196::
1905:(C
1880:(S
1290:.
1255:.
1229:.
1203:.
1182:^
1132:^
1115:.
1097:^
1075:.
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1033:.
1029:.
1008:^
985:^
973:^
944:^
928:^
896:^
864:^
824:.
807:^
747:,
705:,
494:.
416:,
393:,
370:,
347:,
260:,
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74:Li
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1666:(
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1636:(
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1376:v
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1240:.
1214:.
1126:.
1091:.
1055:.
1041::
1035:6
890:.
840:.
442:.
304:.
171:.
20:)
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