690:
674:
657:
74:
50:
508:
356:
640:
623:
702:
594:. This reassignment has yet to enjoy universal acceptance, but is gaining in popularity among taxonomists working with these fishes. Given the current state of flux of the Characidae, a number of other changes will doubtless take place, reassigning once-familiar species to other families. Indeed, the entire
2616:
in 1917, though diverse species have been added to each genus since that time. The anatomical diversity within each genus, the fact that each of these generic groups at the present time cannot be well-defined, and the high number of species involved are the major reasons for the lack of phylogenetic
2834:
Mattox, G.M.T., Britz, R., Toledo-Piza, M. & Marinho, M.M.F. (2013): Cyanogaster noctivaga, a remarkable new genus and species of miniature fish from the Rio Negro, Amazon basin (Ostariophysi: Characidae).
527:
Other fish families that were formerly classified as members of the
Characidae, but which were moved into separate families of their own during recent taxonomic revisions (after 1994) include
694:
606:– has yet to be settled conclusively. Until that phylogeny is settled, the opportunity for yet more upheavals within the taxonomy of the characoid fishes is considerable.
268:
group (at family rank). To arrive there, this family has undergone much systematic and taxonomic change. Among those fishes remaining in the
Characidae currently are the
2741:
Phylogenetic relationships within the speciose family
Characidae (Teleostei: Ostariophysi: Characiformes) based on multilocus analysis and extensive ingroup sampling.
1921:
2559:
1735:
217:
2424:
2379:
2163:
1718:
920:
189:
1476:
632:
185:
165:
644:
181:
3138:
169:
2248:
197:
2803:
A New
Miniature Characid (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Characidae), with Phylogenetic Position Inferred from Morphological and Molecular Data.
3164:
1677:
201:
2466:
649:
173:
1701:
264:. The name "characins" is an historical one, but scientists today tend to prefer "characids" to reflect their status as a, by and large,
3259:
2867:
Malabarba, L.R. & Jerep, F.C. (2012): A New Genus and
Species of Cheirodontine Fish from South America (Teleostei: Characidae).
3112:
292:
tetras. Fish of this family are important as food in several regions, and also constitute a large percentage of captive freshwater
2949:
3151:
2739:
Oliveira, C., Avelino, G.S., Abe, K.T., Mariguela, T.C., Benine, R.C., Orti, G., Vari, R.P., & Correa e Castro, R.M. (2011):
590:
were originally classified as belonging to the
Characidae, but various revisions place them in their own related family, the
3156:
456:
change. More recent revision has moved many former members of the family into their own related but distinct families – the
420:
2652:(George M.T. Mattox, Monica Toledo-Piza, "Phylogenetic study of the Characinae (Teleostei: Characiformes: Characidae)"
392:
3264:
2988:
2967:
2612:
in this family. These genera were originally proposed between 1854 and 1908 and are still more or less defined as by
439:
3226:
2889:
2821:, a new genus and species of Brazilian tetra (Characiformes: Characidae) from Serra do Cachimbo, rio Tapajós basin.
399:
3169:
17:
2596:
include the largest number of currently recognized species among characid fishes that are in need of revision;
377:
1013:
The subfamilies and tribes currently recognized by most if not all authors, and their respective genera, are:
406:
2817:
2566:" – are poorly known, a comprehensive phylogenetic study for the entire family is needed. The genera
2558:. The relationships of many fish in this family – in particular species traditionally placed in the
3060:
2941:, from the rio Teles Pires drainage, upper rio Tapajós system (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Characidae).
2756:
Molecular phylogeny of the
Neotropical fish genus Tetragonopterus (Teleostei: Characiformes: Characidae).
661:
373:
2802:
388:
73:
3208:
3065:
2924:
3231:
2881:
2801:
Netto-Ferreira, A.L., Birindelli, J.L.O., de Sousa, L.M., Mariguela, T.C. & Oliveira, C. (2013):
2713:
299:
These fish vary in length; many are less than 3 cm (1.2 in). One of the smallest species,
150:
2646:
Characinae, recently narrowly defined, covers only twelve genera and 79 species closely related to
2851:, a new genus of Characidae (Teleostei: Characiformes) with the redescription of the poorly known
2759:
2018:
366:
306:
These fish inhabit a wide range and variety of habitats. New World fishes, they originate in the
59:
3195:
2740:
3000:
536:
2688:
3190:
3143:
1997:
3218:
3182:
3086:
3047:
3038:
2754:
Bruno F. Melo, Ricardo C. Benine, Gabriel S.C. Silva, Gleisy S. Avelino, Claudio
Oliveira:
689:
627:
8:
3254:
2978:
2382:
are the most recent clades to be removed in order to maintain a monophyletic
Characidae.
1938:
413:
721:
Phylogeny of
Characidae from Melo et al. 2015 with clade names from van der Laan 2017.
603:
453:
285:
68:
2617:
analyses dealing with the relationships of the species within these generic "groups".
3177:
3073:
2984:
2963:
2784:
2775:
2613:
2429:
1885:
1398:
673:
528:
3052:
2973:
2108:
1969:
1629:
572:
556:
552:
335:
240:
3078:
2598:
2574:
2194:
2170:
2146:
2042:
1952:
1857:
1850:
1563:
1500:
1325:
1252:
1068:
1044:
767:
666:
319:
258:
209:
2954:
2604:
2592:
2568:
2563:
2554:
2394:
2389:
2371:
2294:
2101:
2080:
2073:
2049:
1962:
1928:
1801:
1787:
1742:
1426:
1353:
1332:
1297:
1245:
1214:
1162:
1035:
1028:
821:
743:
677:
478:
280:
193:
115:
656:
3248:
3023:
2920:
2788:
2648:
2322:
2315:
2273:
2222:
2201:
2187:
2087:
2028:
2004:
1983:
1945:
1773:
1725:
1646:
1615:
1570:
1521:
1447:
1440:
1259:
1148:
1134:
1117:
843:
705:
595:
591:
580:
576:
560:
544:
500:) and the subfamilies Crenuchinae and Characidiinae were moved to the family
323:
261:
125:
2443:
2436:
2408:
2259:
2139:
2115:
1899:
1864:
1836:
1794:
1780:
1684:
1622:
1601:
1584:
1577:
1535:
1514:
1483:
1466:
1228:
1096:
1061:
789:
599:
568:
540:
493:
483:
467:
327:
265:
213:
49:
3125:
3032:
2586:
2580:
2485:
2457:
2450:
2301:
2287:
2215:
2208:
2153:
2122:
2011:
1990:
1976:
1892:
1808:
1636:
1594:
1528:
1454:
1433:
1412:
1391:
1367:
1360:
1339:
1311:
1287:
1280:
1266:
1235:
1186:
1176:
1141:
1110:
1103:
1089:
1082:
548:
532:
501:
462:
274:
247:
244:
135:
2532:
2506:
2501:
2492:
2471:
2375:
2367:
2343:
2266:
2229:
2132:
2066:
2056:
1911:
1871:
1843:
1822:
1766:
1691:
1667:
1653:
1608:
1553:
1507:
1405:
1384:
1377:
1346:
1304:
1221:
1200:
1169:
1054:
898:
858:
801:
622:
564:
516:
497:
488:
457:
380: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
334:
Rivers. Many of these fish come from rivers and tributaries, while the
289:
205:
177:
507:
3130:
3099:
2401:
2336:
2329:
2280:
2236:
2180:
2035:
1759:
1752:
1419:
1318:
1207:
1193:
935:
85:
3117:
2994:
355:
3104:
3017:
2929:
2527:
2513:
2415:
2350:
2094:
1708:
1660:
1490:
1273:
1124:
307:
293:
251:
105:
2308:
1878:
1815:
1155:
1075:
639:
587:
512:
472:
331:
39:
2744:
BMC Evolutionary Biology, 11: 275. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-11-275
701:
496:. The former subfamily Alestiinae was promoted to family level (
2478:
1829:
315:
95:
3203:
3091:
2609:
2549:
311:
269:
2937:
de Lucena, Carlos Alberto Santos (2003): New characid fish,
2837:
Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 23 (4): 297-318.
452:
This family has undergone a large amount of systematic and
339:
254:
2806:
PLoS ONE, 8 (1): e52098. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0052098
2689:"Hyphessobrycon roseus (GÉRY, 1960) Yellow Phantom Tetra"
2816:
Ohara, W.M., Mirande, J.M. & Lima, F.C.T.d. (2017):
2758:
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, November 2015,
466:
are a typical example, having now been moved into the
2735:
2733:
2847:Vari, R.P., Melo, B.F. & Oliveira, C. (2016):
3246:
2795:
2730:
2608:in the usual delimitation are among the largest
2879:
2769:
2767:
470:, the assorted predatory species belonging to
284:, as well as a few related forms, such as the
2861:
2773:
486:, and the sabre-toothed fishes of the genus
303:, grows to a maximum length of 1.9 cm.
2764:
2748:
2633:
2631:
2629:
48:
2908:
2906:
2857:Neotropical Ichthyology, 14 (2): e150154.
2810:
2654:Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
440:Learn how and when to remove this message
2882:"Pristellinae Géry & Boutière, 1964"
2841:
2674:
2672:
2670:
2668:
2666:
2540:
700:
688:
672:
655:
638:
621:
506:
326:, including such major waterways as the
2919:
2774:van der Laan, Richard (December 2017).
2626:
14:
3247:
2903:
2999:
2998:
2663:
272:, comprising the very similar genera
3209:E17A4F2C-FFCB-FFC1-FF68-490BFE27FAFA
378:adding citations to reliable sources
349:
2562:, which had become something of a "
24:
25:
3276:
2361:
612:
3260:Extant Miocene first appearances
2890:World Register of Marine Species
354:
338:, for example, inhabits flooded
72:
2873:
2828:
2760:doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2015.10.022
365:needs additional citations for
2982:. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
2783:(23rd ed.). p. 997.
2706:
2681:
2640:
345:
13:
1:
2620:
523:) might be a distinct family.
482:have now been moved into the
617:
310:, ranging from southwestern
7:
2824:PLoS ONE, 12 (2): e0170648.
1008:
662:Brachychalcinus orbicularis
10:
3281:
2869:Copeia, 2012 (2): 243-250.
695:Hyphessobrycon pyrrhonotus
515:and relatives (like these
3007:
2939:Hyphessobrycon scutulatus
2660:.4:809–915, August 2012).
933:
918:
911:
896:
889:
856:
841:
834:
819:
812:
805:
787:
780:
765:
758:
740:
733:
492:have been moved into the
163:
158:
69:Scientific classification
67:
56:
47:
34:
3265:Ray-finned fish families
2923:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
2880:Bailly, Nicolas (2015).
2959:Characoids of the World
2943:Neotropical Ichthyology
2933:. October 2011 version.
60:Hyphessobrycon sweglesi
714:
698:
686:
670:
653:
636:
602:– fishes possessing a
524:
38:Temporal range: Upper
3191:Paleobiology Database
2521:Genera incertae sedis
704:
692:
676:
659:
642:
625:
510:
301:Hyphessobrycon roseus
2777:Freshwater fish list
711:Nematobrycon palmeri
683:Hemigrammus hyanuary
628:Aphyocharax anisitsi
374:improve this article
57:Red phantom tetras (
2979:Fishes of the World
2925:"Family Characidae"
2819:Phycocharax rasbora
2552:in this family are
1939:Pseudocheirodontini
521:Myleus schomburgkii
2548:A large number of
1922:Protocheirodontini
715:
699:
687:
671:
654:
637:
604:Weberian apparatus
525:
3242:
3241:
3178:Open Tree of Life
3001:Taxon identifiers
2991:
2974:Nelson, Joseph S.
2970:
2853:Protocheirodon pi
2614:Carl H. Eigenmann
2560:Tetragonopterinae
2430:Acestrorhynchidae
1736:Trochilocharacini
1399:Microschemobrycon
1005:
1004:
1000:
999:
991:
990:
982:
981:
973:
972:
964:
963:
955:
954:
946:
945:
878:
877:
869:
868:
529:Acestrorhynchidae
450:
449:
442:
424:
257:belonging to the
226:
225:
218:Tetragonopterinae
154:
16:(Redirected from
3272:
3235:
3234:
3222:
3221:
3212:
3211:
3199:
3198:
3186:
3185:
3173:
3172:
3160:
3159:
3147:
3146:
3134:
3133:
3121:
3120:
3108:
3107:
3095:
3094:
3082:
3081:
3069:
3068:
3056:
3055:
3043:
3042:
3041:
3028:
3027:
3026:
2996:
2995:
2983:
2962:
2934:
2913:
2912:de Lucena (2003)
2910:
2901:
2900:
2898:
2896:
2877:
2871:
2865:
2859:
2845:
2839:
2832:
2826:
2814:
2808:
2799:
2793:
2792:
2782:
2771:
2762:
2752:
2746:
2737:
2728:
2727:
2725:
2724:
2710:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2699:
2685:
2679:
2676:
2661:
2644:
2638:
2635:
2425:Heterocharacinae
2380:Heterocharacinae
2164:Tetragonopterini
2109:Kolpotocheirodon
1970:Aphyocharacidium
1719:Phenacobryconini
1630:Pseudocorynopoma
921:Tetragonopterini
914:
913:
892:
891:
837:
836:
815:
814:
808:
807:
783:
782:
761:
760:
736:
735:
728:
727:
718:
717:
573:Prochilodontidae
557:Gasteropelecidae
553:Distichodontidae
445:
438:
434:
431:
425:
423:
382:
358:
350:
336:blind cave tetra
318:through most of
190:Heterocharacinae
149:
77:
76:
52:
32:
31:
27:Family of fishes
21:
3280:
3279:
3275:
3274:
3273:
3271:
3270:
3269:
3245:
3244:
3243:
3238:
3230:
3225:
3217:
3215:
3207:
3202:
3194:
3189:
3181:
3176:
3168:
3163:
3155:
3150:
3142:
3137:
3129:
3124:
3116:
3111:
3103:
3098:
3090:
3085:
3077:
3072:
3064:
3059:
3051:
3046:
3037:
3036:
3031:
3022:
3021:
3016:
3003:
2916:
2911:
2904:
2894:
2892:
2878:
2874:
2866:
2862:
2846:
2842:
2833:
2829:
2815:
2811:
2800:
2796:
2780:
2772:
2765:
2753:
2749:
2738:
2731:
2722:
2720:
2718:shadowraven.net
2712:
2711:
2707:
2697:
2695:
2687:
2686:
2682:
2677:
2664:
2645:
2641:
2637:FishBase (2011)
2636:
2627:
2623:
2546:
2538:
2537:
2364:
2359:
2358:
2244:
2195:Acestrocephalus
2171:Tetragonopterus
2043:Heterocheirodon
1953:Pseudocheirodon
1907:
1858:Othonocheirodus
1851:Monotocheirodon
1564:Glandulocaudini
1501:Xenurobryconini
1477:Eretmobryconini
1462:
1326:Gymnocharacinus
1253:Brachychalcinus
1045:Stethaprioninae
1011:
1006:
1001:
992:
983:
974:
965:
956:
947:
879:
870:
768:Stethaprioninae
708:
680:
667:Stethaprioninae
633:Aphyocharacinae
620:
615:
609:
446:
435:
429:
426:
383:
381:
371:
359:
348:
220:
216:
212:
210:Stethaprioninae
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
186:Gymnocharacinae
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
166:Aphyocharacinae
148:
71:
43:
36:
28:
23:
22:
18:Stethaprioninae
15:
12:
11:
5:
3278:
3268:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3240:
3239:
3237:
3236:
3223:
3213:
3200:
3187:
3174:
3161:
3148:
3135:
3122:
3109:
3096:
3083:
3070:
3057:
3044:
3029:
3013:
3011:
3005:
3004:
2993:
2992:
2971:
2952:
2935:
2921:Froese, Rainer
2915:
2914:
2902:
2872:
2860:
2849:Protocheirodon
2840:
2827:
2809:
2794:
2763:
2747:
2729:
2705:
2693:Seriously Fish
2680:
2662:
2639:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2605:Hyphessobrycon
2593:Bryconamericus
2569:Hyphessobrycon
2564:wastebin taxon
2555:incertae sedis
2545:
2543:incertae sedis
2539:
2536:
2535:
2518:
2517:
2497:
2496:
2489:
2482:
2462:
2461:
2454:
2447:
2440:
2420:
2419:
2412:
2405:
2395:Iguanodectidae
2390:Iguanodectinae
2385:
2384:
2372:Iguanodectidae
2363:
2362:Former members
2360:
2357:
2356:
2355:
2354:
2347:
2340:
2333:
2326:
2319:
2312:
2305:
2298:
2295:Hyphessobrycon
2291:
2284:
2277:
2270:
2263:
2253:
2243:
2242:
2241:
2240:
2233:
2226:
2219:
2212:
2205:
2198:
2191:
2176:
2175:
2174:
2159:
2158:
2157:
2150:
2143:
2128:
2127:
2126:
2119:
2112:
2105:
2102:Ctenocheirodon
2098:
2091:
2084:
2081:Aphyocheirodon
2077:
2074:Acinocheirodon
2062:
2061:
2060:
2053:
2050:Prodontocharax
2046:
2039:
2024:
2023:
2022:
2015:
2008:
2001:
1994:
1987:
1980:
1973:
1963:Aphyocharacini
1958:
1957:
1956:
1949:
1934:
1933:
1932:
1929:Protocheirodon
1916:
1906:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1896:
1889:
1882:
1875:
1868:
1861:
1854:
1847:
1840:
1833:
1826:
1819:
1812:
1805:
1802:Ceratobranchia
1798:
1791:
1788:Bryconamericus
1784:
1777:
1770:
1763:
1748:
1747:
1746:
1743:Trochilocharax
1731:
1730:
1729:
1714:
1713:
1712:
1697:
1696:
1695:
1688:
1673:
1672:
1671:
1664:
1657:
1642:
1641:
1640:
1633:
1626:
1619:
1612:
1605:
1590:
1589:
1588:
1581:
1574:
1559:
1558:
1557:
1541:
1540:
1539:
1532:
1525:
1518:
1511:
1496:
1495:
1494:
1487:
1471:
1461:
1460:
1459:
1458:
1451:
1444:
1437:
1430:
1423:
1416:
1409:
1402:
1395:
1388:
1373:
1372:
1371:
1364:
1357:
1354:Pseudochalceus
1350:
1343:
1336:
1333:Hollandichthys
1329:
1322:
1315:
1308:
1298:Gymnocharacini
1293:
1292:
1291:
1284:
1277:
1270:
1263:
1256:
1246:Stethaprionini
1241:
1240:
1239:
1232:
1225:
1218:
1215:Brittanichthys
1211:
1204:
1197:
1182:
1181:
1180:
1173:
1166:
1163:Macropsobrycon
1159:
1152:
1145:
1130:
1129:
1128:
1121:
1114:
1107:
1100:
1093:
1086:
1079:
1072:
1065:
1049:
1040:
1039:
1036:Spintherobolus
1032:
1029:Amazonspinther
1020:Spintherobolus
1015:
1010:
1007:
1003:
1002:
998:
997:
994:
993:
989:
988:
985:
984:
980:
979:
976:
975:
971:
970:
967:
966:
962:
961:
958:
957:
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952:
949:
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944:
943:
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939:
932:
929:
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924:
917:
912:
910:
907:
906:
903:
902:
895:
890:
888:
885:
884:
881:
880:
876:
875:
872:
871:
867:
866:
863:
862:
855:
852:
851:
848:
847:
840:
835:
833:
830:
829:
826:
825:
822:Aphyocharacini
818:
813:
811:
806:
804:
798:
797:
794:
793:
786:
781:
779:
776:
775:
772:
771:
764:
759:
757:
754:
753:
750:
749:
744:Spintherobolus
739:
734:
732:
726:
723:
722:
716:
678:Costello tetra
645:Brycon hilarii
619:
616:
614:
613:Classification
611:
479:Hoplerythrinus
448:
447:
362:
360:
353:
347:
344:
296:fish species.
281:Hyphessobrycon
224:
223:
194:Iguanodectinae
182:Cheirodontinae
161:
160:
156:
155:
143:
139:
138:
133:
129:
128:
123:
119:
118:
116:Actinopterygii
113:
109:
108:
103:
99:
98:
93:
89:
88:
83:
79:
78:
65:
64:
54:
53:
45:
44:
37:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3277:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3252:
3250:
3233:
3228:
3224:
3220:
3214:
3210:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3192:
3188:
3184:
3179:
3175:
3171:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3153:
3149:
3145:
3140:
3136:
3132:
3127:
3123:
3119:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3088:
3084:
3080:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3062:
3058:
3054:
3049:
3045:
3040:
3034:
3030:
3025:
3019:
3015:
3014:
3012:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2997:
2990:
2989:0-471-25031-7
2986:
2981:
2980:
2975:
2972:
2969:
2968:0-87666-458-3
2965:
2960:
2956:
2955:Géry, Jacques
2953:
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2926:
2922:
2918:
2917:
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2891:
2887:
2883:
2876:
2870:
2864:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2844:
2838:
2831:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2813:
2807:
2804:
2798:
2790:
2786:
2779:
2778:
2770:
2768:
2761:
2757:
2751:
2745:
2742:
2736:
2734:
2719:
2715:
2709:
2694:
2690:
2684:
2678:Nelson (2006)
2675:
2673:
2671:
2669:
2667:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2650:
2643:
2634:
2632:
2630:
2625:
2618:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2606:
2601:
2600:
2595:
2594:
2589:
2588:
2583:
2582:
2577:
2576:
2571:
2570:
2565:
2561:
2557:
2556:
2551:
2544:
2534:
2530:
2529:
2525:
2524:
2523:
2522:
2516:
2515:
2511:
2510:
2509:
2508:
2504:
2503:
2495:
2494:
2490:
2488:
2487:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2476:
2475:
2474:
2473:
2469:
2468:
2460:
2459:
2455:
2453:
2452:
2448:
2446:
2445:
2441:
2439:
2438:
2434:
2433:
2432:
2431:
2427:
2426:
2418:
2417:
2413:
2411:
2410:
2406:
2404:
2403:
2399:
2398:
2397:
2396:
2392:
2391:
2383:
2381:
2377:
2373:
2369:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2346:
2345:
2341:
2339:
2338:
2334:
2332:
2331:
2327:
2325:
2324:
2323:Parapristella
2320:
2318:
2317:
2316:Paracheirodon
2313:
2311:
2310:
2306:
2304:
2303:
2299:
2297:
2296:
2292:
2290:
2289:
2285:
2283:
2282:
2278:
2276:
2275:
2274:Ectrepopterus
2271:
2269:
2268:
2264:
2262:
2261:
2257:
2256:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2251:
2250:
2239:
2238:
2234:
2232:
2231:
2227:
2225:
2224:
2223:Phenacogaster
2220:
2218:
2217:
2213:
2211:
2210:
2206:
2204:
2203:
2199:
2197:
2196:
2192:
2190:
2189:
2188:Acanthocharax
2185:
2184:
2183:
2182:
2177:
2173:
2172:
2168:
2167:
2166:
2165:
2160:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2149:
2148:
2144:
2142:
2141:
2137:
2136:
2135:
2134:
2129:
2125:
2124:
2120:
2118:
2117:
2113:
2111:
2110:
2106:
2104:
2103:
2099:
2097:
2096:
2092:
2090:
2089:
2088:Cheirodontops
2085:
2083:
2082:
2078:
2076:
2075:
2071:
2070:
2069:
2068:
2063:
2059:
2058:
2054:
2052:
2051:
2047:
2045:
2044:
2040:
2038:
2037:
2033:
2032:
2031:
2030:
2029:Cheirodontini
2025:
2021:
2020:
2016:
2014:
2013:
2009:
2007:
2006:
2005:Phenagoniates
2002:
2000:
1999:
1995:
1993:
1992:
1988:
1986:
1985:
1984:Leptagoniates
1981:
1979:
1978:
1974:
1972:
1971:
1967:
1966:
1965:
1964:
1959:
1955:
1954:
1950:
1948:
1947:
1946:Nanocheirodon
1943:
1942:
1941:
1940:
1935:
1931:
1930:
1926:
1925:
1924:
1923:
1918:
1917:
1915:
1914:
1913:
1902:
1901:
1897:
1895:
1894:
1890:
1888:
1887:
1883:
1881:
1880:
1876:
1874:
1873:
1869:
1867:
1866:
1862:
1860:
1859:
1855:
1853:
1852:
1848:
1846:
1845:
1841:
1839:
1838:
1834:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1825:
1824:
1820:
1818:
1817:
1813:
1811:
1810:
1806:
1804:
1803:
1799:
1797:
1796:
1792:
1790:
1789:
1785:
1783:
1782:
1778:
1776:
1775:
1774:Bryconacidnus
1771:
1769:
1768:
1764:
1762:
1761:
1757:
1756:
1755:
1754:
1749:
1745:
1744:
1740:
1739:
1738:
1737:
1732:
1728:
1727:
1726:Phenacobrycon
1723:
1722:
1721:
1720:
1715:
1711:
1710:
1706:
1705:
1704:
1703:
1698:
1694:
1693:
1689:
1687:
1686:
1682:
1681:
1680:
1679:
1674:
1670:
1669:
1665:
1663:
1662:
1658:
1656:
1655:
1651:
1650:
1649:
1648:
1647:Hemibryconini
1643:
1639:
1638:
1634:
1632:
1631:
1627:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1618:
1617:
1616:Gephyrocharax
1613:
1611:
1610:
1606:
1604:
1603:
1599:
1598:
1597:
1596:
1591:
1587:
1586:
1582:
1580:
1579:
1575:
1573:
1572:
1571:Glandulocauda
1568:
1567:
1566:
1565:
1560:
1556:
1555:
1551:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1542:
1538:
1537:
1533:
1531:
1530:
1526:
1524:
1523:
1522:Scopaeocharax
1519:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1510:
1509:
1505:
1504:
1503:
1502:
1497:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1486:
1485:
1481:
1480:
1479:
1478:
1473:
1472:
1470:
1469:
1468:
1457:
1456:
1452:
1450:
1449:
1448:Tucanoichthys
1445:
1443:
1442:
1441:Thrissobrycon
1438:
1436:
1435:
1431:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1422:
1421:
1417:
1415:
1414:
1410:
1408:
1407:
1403:
1401:
1400:
1396:
1394:
1393:
1389:
1387:
1386:
1382:
1381:
1380:
1379:
1374:
1370:
1369:
1365:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1356:
1355:
1351:
1349:
1348:
1344:
1342:
1341:
1337:
1335:
1334:
1330:
1328:
1327:
1323:
1321:
1320:
1316:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1307:
1306:
1302:
1301:
1300:
1299:
1294:
1290:
1289:
1285:
1283:
1282:
1278:
1276:
1275:
1271:
1269:
1268:
1264:
1262:
1261:
1260:Gymnocorymbus
1257:
1255:
1254:
1250:
1249:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1238:
1237:
1233:
1231:
1230:
1226:
1224:
1223:
1219:
1217:
1216:
1212:
1210:
1209:
1205:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1196:
1195:
1191:
1190:
1189:
1188:
1183:
1179:
1178:
1174:
1172:
1171:
1167:
1165:
1164:
1160:
1158:
1157:
1153:
1151:
1150:
1149:Erythrocharax
1146:
1144:
1143:
1139:
1138:
1137:
1136:
1135:Stygichthyini
1131:
1127:
1126:
1122:
1120:
1119:
1118:Psellogrammus
1115:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1106:
1105:
1101:
1099:
1098:
1094:
1092:
1091:
1087:
1085:
1084:
1080:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1071:
1070:
1066:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1051:
1050:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1038:
1037:
1033:
1031:
1030:
1026:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1021:
1014:
996:
995:
987:
986:
978:
977:
969:
968:
960:
959:
951:
950:
942:
941:
938:
937:
931:
930:
927:
926:
923:
922:
916:
915:
909:
908:
905:
904:
901:
900:
894:
893:
887:
886:
883:
882:
874:
873:
865:
864:
861:
860:
854:
853:
850:
849:
846:
845:
844:Cheirodontini
839:
838:
832:
831:
828:
827:
824:
823:
817:
816:
810:
809:
803:
800:
799:
796:
795:
792:
791:
785:
784:
778:
777:
774:
773:
770:
769:
763:
762:
756:
755:
752:
751:
748:
746:
745:
738:
737:
730:
729:
725:
724:
720:
719:
712:
707:
706:Emperor tetra
703:
697:
696:
691:
684:
679:
675:
668:
664:
663:
658:
651:
647:
646:
641:
634:
630:
629:
624:
610:
607:
605:
601:
597:
593:
592:Serrasalmidae
589:
584:
582:
581:Triportheidae
578:
577:Serrasalmidae
574:
570:
566:
562:
561:Hemiodontidae
558:
554:
550:
546:
545:Ctenoluciidae
542:
538:
537:Chilodontidae
534:
530:
522:
518:
514:
509:
505:
503:
499:
495:
491:
490:
485:
481:
480:
475:
474:
469:
465:
464:
460:of the genus
459:
455:
444:
441:
433:
422:
419:
415:
412:
408:
405:
401:
398:
394:
391: –
390:
386:
385:Find sources:
379:
375:
369:
368:
363:This section
361:
357:
352:
351:
343:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
324:South America
321:
317:
313:
309:
304:
302:
297:
295:
291:
287:
283:
282:
277:
276:
271:
267:
263:
262:Characiformes
260:
256:
253:
249:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
222:
221:and see text
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
170:Aphyoditeinae
167:
162:
157:
152:
147:
144:
141:
140:
137:
134:
131:
130:
127:
126:Characiformes
124:
121:
120:
117:
114:
111:
110:
107:
104:
101:
100:
97:
94:
91:
90:
87:
84:
81:
80:
75:
70:
66:
62:
61:
55:
51:
46:
41:
33:
30:
19:
3008:
2977:
2958:
2950:PDF fulltext
2948:(2): 93-96.
2945:
2942:
2938:
2928:
2893:. Retrieved
2885:
2875:
2868:
2863:
2856:
2852:
2848:
2843:
2836:
2830:
2823:
2818:
2812:
2805:
2797:
2776:
2755:
2750:
2743:
2721:. Retrieved
2717:
2714:"Characidae"
2708:
2696:. Retrieved
2692:
2683:
2657:
2653:
2647:
2642:
2603:
2597:
2591:
2585:
2579:
2573:
2567:
2553:
2547:
2542:
2526:
2520:
2519:
2512:
2499:
2498:
2491:
2484:
2477:
2464:
2463:
2456:
2449:
2444:Heterocharax
2442:
2437:Gnathocharax
2435:
2422:
2421:
2414:
2409:Iguanodectes
2407:
2400:
2387:
2386:
2365:
2349:
2342:
2335:
2328:
2321:
2314:
2307:
2300:
2293:
2286:
2279:
2272:
2265:
2258:
2249:Pristellinae
2246:
2245:
2235:
2228:
2221:
2214:
2207:
2200:
2193:
2186:
2178:
2169:
2161:
2152:
2145:
2140:Bryconexodon
2138:
2130:
2121:
2116:Odontostilbe
2114:
2107:
2100:
2093:
2086:
2079:
2072:
2064:
2055:
2048:
2041:
2034:
2026:
2019:Xenagoniates
2017:
2010:
2003:
1998:Paragoniates
1996:
1989:
1982:
1975:
1968:
1960:
1951:
1944:
1936:
1927:
1919:
1909:
1908:
1900:Rhinopetitia
1898:
1891:
1884:
1877:
1870:
1865:Phallobrycon
1863:
1856:
1849:
1842:
1837:Lepidocharax
1835:
1828:
1821:
1814:
1807:
1800:
1795:Caiapobrycon
1793:
1786:
1781:Bryconadenos
1779:
1772:
1765:
1758:
1750:
1741:
1733:
1724:
1716:
1707:
1699:
1690:
1685:Carlastyanax
1683:
1675:
1666:
1659:
1652:
1644:
1635:
1628:
1623:Hysteronotus
1621:
1614:
1607:
1602:Chrysobrycon
1600:
1592:
1585:Mimagoniates
1583:
1578:Lophiobrycon
1576:
1569:
1561:
1552:
1545:
1543:
1536:Xenurobrycon
1534:
1527:
1520:
1515:Ptychocharax
1513:
1506:
1498:
1489:
1484:Eretmobrycon
1482:
1474:
1467:Stevardiinae
1464:
1463:
1453:
1446:
1439:
1432:
1425:
1418:
1411:
1404:
1397:
1390:
1383:
1375:
1366:
1359:
1352:
1345:
1338:
1331:
1324:
1317:
1310:
1303:
1295:
1286:
1279:
1272:
1265:
1258:
1251:
1243:
1234:
1229:Nematocharax
1227:
1220:
1213:
1206:
1199:
1192:
1184:
1175:
1168:
1161:
1154:
1147:
1140:
1132:
1123:
1116:
1109:
1102:
1097:Nematobrycon
1095:
1088:
1081:
1074:
1067:
1062:Astyanacinus
1060:
1052:
1042:
1041:
1034:
1027:
1019:
1017:
1016:
1012:
934:
919:
897:
857:
842:
820:
790:Stevardiinae
788:
766:
742:
741:
710:
693:
682:
660:
643:
626:
608:
600:Ostariophysi
585:
569:Parodontidae
541:Citharinidae
526:
520:
494:Cynodontidae
487:
484:Erythrinidae
477:
471:
468:Lebiasinidae
461:
458:pencilfishes
451:
436:
430:January 2024
427:
417:
410:
403:
396:
389:"Characidae"
384:
372:Please help
367:verification
364:
305:
300:
298:
279:
273:
266:monophyletic
236:
232:
228:
227:
214:Stevardiinae
198:Pristellinae
164:
159:Subfamilies
145:
58:
29:
3126:iNaturalist
3033:Wikispecies
2895:28 December
2698:12 December
2587:Moenkhausia
2581:Hemigrammus
2486:Chilobrycon
2458:Lonchogenys
2451:Hoplocharax
2302:Moenkhausia
2288:Hemigrammus
2216:Galeocharax
2209:Cynopotamus
2154:Roeboexodon
2123:Serrapinnus
2012:Prionobrama
1991:Inpaichthys
1977:Aphyocharax
1893:Rhinobrycon
1809:Cyanogaster
1678:Creagrutini
1637:Pterobrycon
1595:Stevardiini
1529:Tyttocharax
1455:Tyttobrycon
1434:Serrabrycon
1413:Oligobrycon
1392:Leptobrycon
1368:Schultzites
1361:Rachoviscus
1340:Moenkhausia
1312:Dectobrycon
1288:Stichonodon
1281:Stethaprion
1267:Orthospinus
1236:Phycocharax
1187:Pristellini
1177:Stygichthys
1142:Coptobrycon
1111:Parastremma
1104:Oligosarcus
1090:Inpaichthys
1083:Ctenobrycon
731:Characidae
586:The larger
549:Curimatidae
533:Anostomidae
517:disk tetras
502:Crenuchidae
463:Nannostomus
346:Systematics
275:Hemigrammus
248:subtropical
202:Rhoadsiinae
136:Characoidei
3255:Characidae
3249:Categories
3053:Characidae
3039:Characidae
3009:Characidae
2723:2019-02-01
2621:References
2533:Chalceidae
2507:Bryconidae
2502:Salmininae
2500:Subfamily
2493:Henochilus
2472:Bryconidae
2467:Bryconinae
2465:Subfamily
2423:Subfamily
2388:Subfamily
2376:Bryconidae
2368:Chalceidae
2344:Probolodus
2267:Deuterodon
2247:Subfamily
2230:Priocharax
2133:Exodontini
2067:Compsurini
2057:Saccoderma
1912:Characinae
1910:Subfamily
1886:Planaltina
1872:Piabarchus
1844:Microgenys
1823:Hypobrycon
1767:Aulixidens
1692:Creagrutus
1668:Hemibrycon
1654:Acrobrycon
1609:Corynopoma
1554:Argopleura
1546:Argopleura
1508:Iotabrycon
1465:Subfamily
1406:Mixobrycon
1385:Genycharax
1378:Scissorini
1347:Psalidodon
1305:Andromakhe
1222:Bryconella
1201:Atopomesus
1170:Parecbasis
1055:Rhoadsiini
1043:Subfamily
1018:Subfamily
899:Exodontini
859:Compsurini
802:Characinae
650:Bryconinae
565:Hepsetidae
498:Alestiidae
489:Hydrolycus
400:newspapers
245:freshwater
229:Characidae
206:Salmininae
178:Characinae
174:Bryconinae
146:Characidae
132:Suborder:
35:Characidae
2789:2468-9157
2531:moved to
2505:moved to
2470:moved to
2428:moved to
2402:Bryconops
2393:moved to
2337:Pristella
2330:Petitella
2281:Hasemania
2237:Roeboides
2181:Characini
2036:Cheirodon
1760:Attonitus
1753:Diapomini
1702:Landonini
1420:Oxybrycon
1319:Grundulus
1208:Axelrodia
1194:Aphyodite
936:Characini
618:Phylogeny
596:phylogeny
454:taxonomic
237:characins
233:characids
151:Latreille
92:Kingdom:
86:Eukaryota
3018:Wikidata
2976:(2006):
2957:(1977):
2930:FishBase
2599:Astyanax
2575:Astyanax
2528:Chalceus
2514:Salminus
2416:Piabucus
2351:Thayeria
2095:Compsura
1709:Landonia
1661:Boehlkea
1491:Markiana
1274:Poptella
1125:Rhoadsia
1069:Astyanax
1009:Taxonomy
588:piranhas
513:piranhas
308:Americas
294:aquarium
252:tropical
142:Family:
106:Chordata
102:Phylum:
96:Animalia
82:Domain:
42:– Recent
3024:Q625352
2541:Genera
2309:Myxiops
1879:Piabina
1816:Diapoma
1427:Scissor
1156:Jupiaba
1076:Carlana
598:of the
473:Hoplias
414:scholar
332:Orinoco
320:Central
239:, is a
122:Order:
112:Class:
40:Miocene
3232:151961
3219:114045
3216:uBio:
3196:265775
3183:701509
3157:162848
3144:114515
3105:1CHRCF
2987:
2966:
2787:
2649:Charax
2610:genera
2590:, and
2479:Brycon
2202:Charax
2179:Tribe
2162:Tribe
2147:Exodon
2131:Tribe
2065:Tribe
2027:Tribe
1961:Tribe
1937:Tribe
1920:Tribe
1830:Knodus
1751:Tribe
1734:Tribe
1717:Tribe
1700:Tribe
1676:Tribe
1645:Tribe
1593:Tribe
1562:Tribe
1544:Tribe
1499:Tribe
1475:Tribe
1376:Tribe
1296:Tribe
1244:Tribe
1185:Tribe
1133:Tribe
1053:Tribe
747:clade
579:, and
416:
409:
402:
395:
387:
328:Amazon
316:México
270:tetras
241:family
231:, the
153:, 1825
3227:WoRMS
3204:Plazi
3139:IRMNG
3131:47387
2886:WoRMS
2781:(PDF)
2260:Bario
1548:clade
1022:clade
421:JSTOR
407:books
340:caves
312:Texas
259:order
3170:7992
3165:NCBI
3152:ITIS
3118:7201
3113:GBIF
3100:EPPO
3092:8224
3061:BOLD
2985:ISBN
2964:ISBN
2897:2023
2785:ISSN
2700:2017
2602:and
2550:taxa
2378:and
2366:The
511:The
476:and
393:news
330:and
322:and
314:and
290:neon
288:and
286:cave
278:and
255:fish
250:and
3087:EoL
3079:7ZZ
3074:CoL
3066:894
3048:ADW
2658:165
376:by
243:of
235:or
3251::
3229::
3206::
3193::
3180::
3167::
3154::
3141::
3128::
3115::
3102::
3089::
3076::
3063::
3050::
3035::
3020::
2961:.
2927:.
2905:^
2888:.
2884:.
2855:.
2766:^
2732:^
2716:.
2691:.
2665:^
2656:,
2628:^
2584:,
2578:,
2572:,
2374:,
2370:,
583:.
575:,
571:,
567:,
563:,
559:,
555:,
551:,
547:,
543:,
539:,
535:,
531:,
519:,
504:.
342:.
63:)
2946:1
2899:.
2791:.
2726:.
2702:.
713:)
709:(
685:)
681:(
669:)
665:(
652:)
648:(
635:)
631:(
443:)
437:(
432:)
428:(
418:·
411:·
404:·
397:·
370:.
20:)
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