20:
387:
120:
333:
does not apply each human rights treaty retroactively, nor does it convert every historical human rights abuse into a 'continuing violation', but it establishes exceptional circumstances in which denying the right to truth about historical human rights abuses is constitutive of a fresh violation within the temporal jurisdiction of the relevant enforcement body.
303:. The court noted that Macedonian authorities had "deprived the applicant of being informed of what had happened, including of getting an accurate account of the suffering he had allegedly endured and the role of those responsible for his alleged ordeal" as well as hidden this information from the public at large. According to law professor
332:
the ECtHR’s 'underlying values' test could have led the way in promoting internationally the notion that present-day denial or obstruction of the quest for truth about the gravest pre-ratification human rights abuses may amount, in itself, to a contemporary human rights violation. Such an approach
265:
the right to the truth is subsumed in the right of the victim or his next of kin to obtain clarification of the facts relating to the violations and the corresponding responsibilities from the competent State organs, through the investigation and prosecution established in
Articles 8 and 25 of the
92:
58:
in dealing with past abuses of human rights. In 2006, Yasmin Naqvi concluded that the right to truth "stands somewhere on the threshold of a legal norm and a narrative device ... somewhere above a good argument and somewhere below a clear legal rule".
2176:
436:
Since 2010, the UN has commemorated
International Day for the Right to the Truth Concerning Gross Human Rights Violations and for the Dignity of Victims, or Right to Truth Day, on 24 March, the anniversary of the murder of El Salvador archbishop
100:
201:, the mother of the victim had "the right to know what has happened to her daughter. In these respects, she too is a victim of the violations of the Covenant suffered by her daughter in particular, of article 7 ". In
110:
According to
Patricia Naftali, the right to truth remains elusive because it is a concept with different definitions (sometimes contradictory), which is deployed in support of a variety of human rights claims.
987:
579:
1400:
211:, the Committee determined that failure to investigate gave rise to a new violation of the ICCPR. In this case, Algeria had proclaimed an amnesty for crimes committed during the "national tragedy".
67:
The idea of a legal right to truth is distinct from the pre-existing understanding of the importance of establishing the truth about what happened in a case of human rights violation. In 1977,
988:"The European Court of Human Rights, Extraordinary Renditions and the Right to the Truth: Ensuring Accountability for Gross Human Rights Violations Committed in the Fight Against Terrorism"
307:, "the decision given in El-Masri showed innovative legal reasoning and a wholly innovative attitude of the judges towards the far-reaching enforcement of the right to the truth". In
2214:
473:
Vedaschi, Arianna (2014). "Globalization of Human Rights and Mutual
Influence between Courts: The Innovative Reverse Path of the Right to the Truth". In Shetreet, Shimon (ed.).
1017:
2021:
241:
2219:
1156:
229:
2136:
143:
2244:
46:, for the victims and their families or societies to have access to the truth of what happened. The right to truth is closely related to, but distinct from, the
193:
2186:
290:
246:
203:
198:
2251:
2046:
2191:
2056:
1598:
325:
304:
2196:
2131:
2014:
642:
Szoke-Burke, Sam (2015). "Searching for the Right to Truth: The Impact of
International Human Rights Law on National Transitional Justice Policies".
2181:
367:
2239:
76:
1525:
Werkheiser, Ian (2020). "A Right to
Understand Injustice: Epistemology and the "Right to the Truth" in International Human Rights Discourse".
2141:
2116:
2066:
371:
2201:
2038:
2007:
84:
75:
enshrined a right for families of people killed in armed conflicts to find out what happened to their relatives. A 1993 conference at the
2231:
19:
2166:
299:(2012), the ECtHR established that North Macedonia had violated the Convention in allowing El-Masri to be taken into US custody during
2111:
1945:
1490:
1617:
What is considered a human right is in some cases controversial; not all the topics listed are universally accepted as human rights
289:
who had been last seen in the custody of
Turkish troops. The anguish of surviving relatives constituted a "continuing violation of
2081:
1850:
1455:
Aldana-Pindell, Raquel (2002). "In
Vindication of Justiciable Victims' Rights to Truth and Justice for State-Sponsored Crimes".
2226:
1651:
1591:
674:
417:
violates their right to truth. For example, there are monuments and streets named after the perpetrators, but not the victims.
96:
191:
The first case that articulated a right to truth in international human rights jurisprudence was a forced disappearance case,
2156:
1515:
1508:
East Asia's
Renewed Respect for the Rule of Law in the 21st Century: The Future of Legal and Judicial Landscapes in East Asia
1190:
1165:
1135:
1055:
775:
626:
482:
88:
223:
has tended towards an autonomous right to truth. Because of right to truth, the IACHR has invalidated agreements that grant
2151:
2076:
1819:
220:
138:
As a result of cases before international courts that find states in breach of human rights, states have been required to:
2126:
1978:
1930:
1701:
255:
1181:
Latino, Agostina (2018). "The
Armenian Massacres and the Price of Memory: Impossible to Forget, Forbidden to Remember".
2121:
421:
1562:
1126:
Klinkner, Melanie; Smith, Ellie (2014). "The Right to Truth, Appropriate Forum and the International Criminal Court".
1085:"Ghosts Also Die: Resisting Disappearance through the 'Right to the Truth' and the Juicios por la Verdad in Argentina"
2051:
1584:
766:
Groome, Dermot (2018). "Principle 2: The inalienable right to the truth". In Haldemann, Frank; Unger, Thomas (eds.).
1183:
The Armenian Massacres of 1915–1916 a Hundred Years Later: Open Questions and Tentative Answers in International Law
234:
2106:
1046:(2018). "2. Time, Justice, and Human Rights: Statutory Limitation on the Right to Truth?". In Adler, Nanci (ed.).
2303:
2206:
1506:
Vanhullebusch, Matthias (2015). "The Right to Truth and the Legacies of World War II: A Way Forward for China?".
355:
93:
United Nations Special Rapporteur on the Promotion of Truth, Justice, Reparation and Guarantees of non-Recurrence
1983:
1880:
1636:
276:
250:(1998), the IACHR determined that Guatemalan efforts to obstruct his family's search for the truth constituted
2298:
394:
309:
2171:
2146:
1920:
619:
The Right to The Truth in International Law: Victims' Rights in Human Rights and International Criminal Law
504:
375:
2308:
1746:
1656:
406:
240:(2001). In 1985, six years before Guatemala accepted the jurisdiction of the IACHR, American journalist
2101:
842:
Rowen, Jamie (2019). "Patricia Naftali, La construction du 'droit à la vérité' en droit international".
1623:
420:
The Inter-American Court and some theorists have suggested that truth-telling may be a form of partial
313:(2013), the court found no violation of the convention regarding Russian investigations into the 1940
2061:
1968:
1910:
428:
as establishing the truth about a past event is the first step in holding perpetrators accountable.
1925:
1890:
1835:
1721:
414:
50:
to investigate and prosecute serious state violations of human rights. Right to truth is a form of
28:
2161:
2071:
1631:
300:
1311:
Yusuf, H. O. (2007). "Travails of Truth: Achieving Justice for Victims of Impunity in Nigeria".
805:"Crafting a "Right to Truth" in International Law: Converging Mobilizations, Diverging Agendas?"
438:
409:
to their descendants as well as Armenians at large. Latino states that, as the successor to the
1661:
1646:
2293:
1973:
1781:
1771:
1736:
580:"The right to the truth in international law: The significance of Strasbourg's contributions"
295:
132:
128:
1547:
1468:
Jaquemet, I. (2008). "Fighting Amnesia: Ways to Uncover the Truth about Lebanon's Missing".
907:"The Right to the Truth as an Autonomous Right Under the Inter-American Human Rights System"
107:
a right to know the circumstances of the disappearance, but it is not universally ratified.
2272:
1900:
1860:
1741:
1048:
Understanding the Age of Transitional Justice: Crimes, Courts, Commissions, and Chronicling
350:
104:
55:
32:
8:
1950:
1671:
1666:
1641:
23:
Women of the Association of Families of the Detained-Disappeared demonstrate in front of
1988:
1865:
1791:
1686:
1566:
1382:
1227:
694:
599:
521:
410:
208:
72:
51:
1289:
101:
International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance
79:
addressed the right to truth. The right to truth has been recognized in international
2313:
1895:
1855:
1808:
1756:
1681:
1511:
1374:
1274:
1231:
1186:
1161:
1151:
1131:
1051:
824:
771:
698:
622:
603:
513:
478:
402:
318:
251:
168:
179:
Institute measures to improve compliance with international human rights instruments
2030:
1885:
1801:
1766:
1534:
1477:
1339:
1320:
1270:
1258:
1219:
1096:
999:
918:
851:
816:
804:
733:
686:
591:
555:
450:
281:
47:
24:
1223:
424:
to victims of human rights abuses. Right to truth is related to the fight against
1963:
1915:
1875:
1776:
1726:
1425:
1043:
923:
906:
150:
1905:
1830:
1084:
737:
314:
293:(ECHR) with respect to the relatives of the Greek-Cypriot missing persons." In
286:
124:
1363:"Impunity and the Right to Truth in the Inter-American System of Human Rights"
690:
560:
543:
401:
According to legal scholar Agostina Latino, the right to truth related to the
99:
determined that there was an "inalienable and autonomous right" to truth. The
2287:
2094:
2089:
1935:
1870:
1751:
1378:
828:
517:
820:
724:
Linden, Ian (1994). "'The right to truth: Amnesty, amnesia, and secrecy˚s".
127:
with the names of hundreds of people either missing from or killed there by
1845:
1840:
1731:
1608:
1576:
1548:"Chasing Tails: Establishing the Right to Truth, Mourning and Compensation"
390:
43:
1481:
1324:
1100:
1003:
855:
500:"Truth as Justice: Legal and Extralegal Development of the Right to Truth"
1711:
344:
1386:
1362:
1128:
Current Issues in Transitional Justice: Towards a More Holistic Approach
525:
499:
197:(1983); the UN Human Rights Committee determined that, according to the
1716:
1018:"Poland disappointed with European ruling over the 1940 Katyn massacre"
595:
544:"The Elusive Right to Truth in Transitional Human Rights Jurisprudence"
68:
1538:
1207:
1696:
386:
378:'s victim-centered approach may prove conducive to a right to truth.
1999:
1290:"Truth as Right and Remedy in International Human Rights Experience"
393:, the architect of the Armenian Genocide, was buried in 1943 at the
1958:
1796:
425:
119:
80:
366:
It has been suggested that victims might rely on Article 5 of the
1761:
1706:
1691:
1676:
475:
The Culture of Judicial Independence: Rule of Law and World Peace
224:
207:(2003), regarding a man who was forcibly disappeared during the
155:
Publicly apologize and acknowledge the violation of human rights
675:"The right to the truth in international law: fact or fiction?"
768:
The United Nations Principles to Combat Impunity: A Commentary
413:
that committed the genocide, the Turkish government's ongoing
749:
747:
182:
Construct memorials to commemorate the human rights violation
1563:"What Is Truth? An Eternal Question and the Tai Ji Men Case"
1157:
Talaat Pasha: Father of Modern Turkey, Architect of Genocide
321:
because the massacre happened before the ECHR was drafted.
886:
874:
744:
943:
862:
328:
criticized the ECtHR's approach to right-to-truth cases:
354:(trial for the truth) developed in the aftermath of the
186:
1185:. Springer International Publishing. pp. 195–236.
214:
1238:
1064:
955:
784:
285:(2001), the ECtHR ruled against Turkey in the case of
1107:
967:
931:
654:
1130:. Springer International Publishing. pp. 3–29.
705:
342:
Argentine law recognizes the right to truth, with a
291:
Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights
199:
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
31:, demanding information on loved ones subjected to
1969:Freedom from involuntary female genital mutilation
1491:"Rescripting Search to Respect the Right to Truth"
1340:"The Right to Truth in the Fight against Impunity"
173:Take steps to avert re-occurrence of the violation
1489:Mulligan, Deirdre K.; Griffin, Daniel S. (2018).
904:
477:. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. pp. 107–133.
270:
42:is the right, in the case of grave violations of
2285:
1488:
1454:
1287:
77:Catholic Institute for International Relations
2015:
1592:
1505:
1470:International Journal of Transitional Justice
1430:International Center for Transitional Justice
1313:International Journal of Transitional Justice
1125:
616:
1606:
1552:California Western International Law Journal
368:African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
85:United Nations Principles to Combat Impunity
1637:Freedom from arbitrary arrest and detention
1208:"Genocide Denial as Testimonial Oppression"
1160:. Princeton University Press. p. 419.
641:
573:
571:
548:International and Comparative Law Quarterly
2022:
2008:
1599:
1585:
1524:
468:
466:
372:African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights
317:, but this ruling was on the principle of
261:The IACHR has often repeated its opinion:
91:, as well as by the 2011 appointment of a
1545:
1089:Journal of International Criminal Justice
922:
844:Journal of International Criminal Justice
617:Klinkner, Melanie; Davis, Howard (2019).
577:
559:
537:
535:
146:and prosecute the responsible individuals
1467:
1205:
1082:
985:
568:
472:
385:
167:Improve security to allow the return of
118:
18:
1851:Right to an adequate standard of living
1457:Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law
1360:
1244:
1070:
1042:
961:
892:
880:
802:
790:
753:
660:
541:
463:
16:Right for victims to know what happened
2286:
1652:Cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment
1337:
1256:
1180:
1150:
1113:
973:
949:
937:
868:
765:
723:
711:
532:
97:United Nations Human Rights Commission
2029:
2003:
1580:
1510:. Hotei Publishing. pp. 87–111.
1344:Berkeley Journal of International Law
1310:
1294:Michigan Journal of International Law
841:
679:International Review of the Red Cross
672:
644:Berkeley Journal of International Law
431:
187:United Nations Human Rights Committee
89:UN General Assembly Resolution 60/147
497:
221:Inter-American Court of Human Rights
215:Inter-American Court of Human Rights
905:Ferrer Mac-Gregor, Eduardo (2016).
370:in right-to-truth cases before the
361:
256:American Convention on Human Rights
13:
1527:The Southern Journal of Philosophy
1448:
1288:Antkowiak, Thomas M. (2001–2002).
164:Reimburse court costs of claimants
14:
2325:
1772:Right to refuse medical treatment
381:
227:to human rights violators, as in
2252:Yugoslavia (Federal Republic of)
2082:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1495:Georgetown Law Technology Review
1275:10.1111/j.1467-9973.2010.01650.x
1546:Medawatte, Danushka S. (2016).
1418:
1393:
1354:
1331:
1304:
1281:
1257:Walker, Margaret Urban (2010).
1250:
1199:
1174:
1144:
1119:
1076:
1036:
1010:
979:
898:
835:
796:
759:
717:
356:National Reorganization Process
337:
279:relevant to right to truth. In
54:; it is especially relevant to
1984:Sexual and reproductive health
1881:Right to a healthy environment
1259:"Truth Telling as Reparations"
666:
635:
610:
491:
277:European Court of Human Rights
275:There is also case law of the
271:European Court of Human Rights
1:
1901:Right to public participation
1224:10.1080/02691728.2020.1839810
456:
395:Monument of Liberty, Istanbul
310:Janowiec and Others v. Russia
149:Reveal information regarding
1921:Right to science and culture
1050:. Rutgers University Press.
924:10.1016/j.mexlaw.2016.09.007
578:Panepinto, Alice M. (2017).
505:Harvard International Review
376:International Criminal Court
7:
1747:Right to keep and bear arms
1657:Freedom from discrimination
770:. Oxford University Press.
444:
407:Armenian genocide survivors
158:Publish the court judgement
103:also guarantees victims of
10:
2330:
1206:Altanian, Melanie (2020).
803:Naftali, Patricia (2016).
738:10.1080/096145249100077701
62:
2260:
2236:United States of America
2211:Timor-Leste (East Timor)
2037:
1944:
1911:Right to rest and leisure
1817:
1622:
1615:
691:10.1017/S1816383106000518
561:10.1017/S0020589317000586
542:Sweeney, James A (2018).
1926:Right to social security
1891:Right to Internet access
1836:Equal pay for equal work
1722:Presumption of innocence
498:Park, Y. Gloria (2010).
415:Armenian genocide denial
348:legal proceeding called
144:effective investigations
114:
83:instruments such as the
29:Pinochet military regime
1802:right to be a candidate
1632:Equality before the law
1361:Dykmann, Klaas (2007).
1338:Groome, Dermot (2011).
992:Human Rights Law Review
821:10.4000/champpenal.9245
809:Champ pénal/Penal field
726:Development in Practice
301:extraordinary rendition
2304:Enforced disappearance
1662:Freedom of information
1647:Freedom of association
1367:Iberoamericana (2001-)
673:Naqvi, Yasmin (2006).
398:
335:
268:
135:
36:
1974:Intersex human rights
1782:Right of self-defense
1737:Right to a fair trial
1083:Garibian, S. (2014).
986:Fabbrini, F. (2014).
389:
330:
296:El-Masri v. Macedonia
263:
230:Barrios Altos v. Perú
133:Pinochet dictatorship
129:Chilean secret police
122:
22:
2299:Transitional justice
2273:Transitional justice
1861:Right to development
1742:Right to family life
1692:Freedom from torture
1677:Freedom from slavery
1426:"Right to the Truth"
1401:"Right to Truth Day"
439:Óscar Arnulfo Romero
351:juicio por la verdad
194:Quinteros v. Uruguay
176:Change national laws
105:forced disappearance
56:transitional justice
33:forced disappearance
1672:Freedom of religion
1667:Freedom of movement
1642:Freedom of assembly
1624:Civil and political
1482:10.1093/ijtj/ijn019
1325:10.1093/ijtj/ijm023
1212:Social Epistemology
1101:10.1093/jicj/mqu030
1044:Schabas, William A.
1004:10.1093/hrlr/ngt017
952:, pp. 177–178.
895:, pp. 361–362.
883:, pp. 360–361.
871:, pp. 193–195.
856:10.1093/jicj/mqz005
756:, pp. 356–357.
397:as a national hero.
1989:Right to sexuality
1866:Right to education
1792:Security of person
1687:Freedom of thought
1567:Massimo Introvigne
1152:Kieser, Hans-Lukas
911:Mexican Law Review
596:10.1111/lest.12172
432:Right to Truth Day
411:Ottoman government
399:
247:Blake v. Guatemala
209:Algerian Civil War
204:Saadoun v. Algeria
161:Compensate victims
136:
73:Geneva Conventions
37:
2281:
2280:
2031:Truth commissions
1997:
1996:
1896:Right to property
1856:Right to clothing
1841:Fair remuneration
1809:Right to homeland
1757:Right to petition
1682:Freedom of speech
1539:10.1111/sjp.12354
1517:978-90-04-27420-4
1192:978-3-319-78169-3
1167:978-1-4008-8963-1
1137:978-3-319-09390-1
1057:978-0-8135-9776-8
1024:. 21 October 2013
777:978-0-19-106128-8
628:978-1-317-33508-5
484:978-90-04-25781-8
403:Armenian genocide
319:non-retroactivity
252:inhuman treatment
169:displaced persons
2321:
2261:Related concepts
2024:
2017:
2010:
2001:
2000:
1886:Right to housing
1820:Economic, social
1767:Right to protest
1762:Right to privacy
1601:
1594:
1587:
1578:
1577:
1559:
1542:
1521:
1502:
1485:
1464:
1442:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1422:
1416:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1397:
1391:
1390:
1358:
1352:
1351:
1335:
1329:
1328:
1308:
1302:
1301:
1285:
1279:
1278:
1254:
1248:
1242:
1236:
1235:
1203:
1197:
1196:
1178:
1172:
1171:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1123:
1117:
1111:
1105:
1104:
1080:
1074:
1068:
1062:
1061:
1040:
1034:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1014:
1008:
1007:
983:
977:
971:
965:
959:
953:
947:
941:
935:
929:
928:
926:
902:
896:
890:
884:
878:
872:
866:
860:
859:
839:
833:
832:
800:
794:
788:
782:
781:
763:
757:
751:
742:
741:
721:
715:
709:
703:
702:
685:(862): 245–273.
670:
664:
658:
652:
651:
639:
633:
632:
614:
608:
607:
575:
566:
565:
563:
539:
530:
529:
495:
489:
488:
470:
451:Truth commission
362:Potential forums
326:James A. Sweeney
305:Arianna Vedaschi
282:Cyprus v. Turkey
254:contrary to the
244:disappeared. In
238:
219:Case law of the
48:state obligation
25:La Moneda Palace
2329:
2328:
2324:
2323:
2322:
2320:
2319:
2318:
2309:Victims' rights
2284:
2283:
2282:
2277:
2256:
2187:Solomon Islands
2033:
2028:
1998:
1993:
1964:Family planning
1949:
1940:
1916:Right of return
1876:Right to health
1824:
1821:
1813:
1777:Right to resist
1727:Right of asylum
1618:
1611:
1605:
1518:
1451:
1449:Further reading
1446:
1445:
1435:
1433:
1432:. 14 March 2012
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956:
948:
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936:
932:
903:
899:
891:
887:
879:
875:
867:
863:
840:
836:
801:
797:
789:
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778:
764:
760:
752:
745:
722:
718:
710:
706:
671:
667:
659:
655:
640:
636:
629:
615:
611:
576:
569:
540:
533:
496:
492:
485:
471:
464:
459:
447:
434:
405:extends beyond
384:
364:
340:
273:
232:
217:
189:
151:missing persons
117:
95:. In 2006, the
65:
52:victims' rights
17:
12:
11:
5:
2327:
2317:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2279:
2278:
2276:
2275:
2270:
2268:Right to truth
2264:
2262:
2258:
2257:
2255:
2254:
2249:
2248:
2247:
2245:Maine Wabanaki
2242:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2223:
2222:
2217:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2098:
2097:
2092:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2043:
2041:
2035:
2034:
2027:
2026:
2019:
2012:
2004:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1955:
1953:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1938:
1933:
1931:Right to water
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1906:Right of reply
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1831:Digital rights
1827:
1825:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1812:
1811:
1806:
1805:
1804:
1794:
1789:
1787:Right to truth
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1628:
1626:
1620:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1612:
1604:
1603:
1596:
1589:
1581:
1575:
1574:
1560:
1543:
1533:(1): 186–199.
1522:
1516:
1503:
1486:
1465:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1443:
1417:
1405:United Nations
1392:
1353:
1330:
1319:(2): 268–286.
1303:
1280:
1269:(4): 525–545.
1263:Metaphilosophy
1249:
1247:, p. 367.
1237:
1218:(2): 133–146.
1198:
1191:
1173:
1166:
1143:
1136:
1118:
1116:, p. 180.
1106:
1095:(3): 515–538.
1075:
1073:, p. 386.
1063:
1056:
1035:
1009:
978:
976:, p. 179.
966:
964:, p. 369.
954:
942:
940:, p. 202.
930:
917:(1): 121–139.
897:
885:
873:
861:
850:(1): 202–204.
834:
795:
793:, p. 358.
783:
776:
758:
743:
732:(2): 141–143.
716:
714:, p. 176.
704:
665:
663:, p. 359.
653:
634:
627:
609:
590:(4): 739–764.
567:
554:(2): 353–387.
531:
490:
483:
461:
460:
458:
455:
454:
453:
446:
443:
433:
430:
383:
382:Other examples
380:
363:
360:
339:
336:
324:Legal scholar
315:Katyn massacre
287:Greek Cypriots
272:
269:
242:Nicholas Blake
216:
213:
188:
185:
184:
183:
180:
177:
174:
171:
165:
162:
159:
156:
153:
147:
125:Villa Grimaldi
116:
113:
64:
61:
40:Right to truth
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2326:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2291:
2289:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2265:
2263:
2259:
2253:
2250:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2212:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2025:
2020:
2018:
2013:
2011:
2006:
2005:
2002:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1956:
1954:
1952:
1947:
1943:
1937:
1936:Right to work
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1871:Right to food
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1816:
1810:
1807:
1803:
1800:
1799:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1752:Right to life
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1621:
1614:
1610:
1602:
1597:
1595:
1590:
1588:
1583:
1582:
1579:
1572:
1571:Bitter Winter
1568:
1564:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1523:
1519:
1513:
1509:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1453:
1452:
1431:
1427:
1421:
1406:
1402:
1396:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1373:(26): 45–66.
1372:
1368:
1364:
1357:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1334:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1307:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1284:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1253:
1246:
1241:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1202:
1194:
1188:
1184:
1177:
1169:
1163:
1159:
1158:
1153:
1147:
1139:
1133:
1129:
1122:
1115:
1110:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1079:
1072:
1067:
1059:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1039:
1023:
1019:
1013:
1005:
1001:
998:(1): 85–106.
997:
993:
989:
982:
975:
970:
963:
958:
951:
946:
939:
934:
925:
920:
916:
912:
908:
901:
894:
889:
882:
877:
870:
865:
857:
853:
849:
845:
838:
830:
826:
822:
818:
814:
811:(in French).
810:
806:
799:
792:
787:
779:
773:
769:
762:
755:
750:
748:
739:
735:
731:
727:
720:
713:
708:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
669:
662:
657:
649:
645:
638:
630:
624:
621:. Routledge.
620:
613:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
584:Legal Studies
581:
574:
572:
562:
557:
553:
549:
545:
538:
536:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
506:
501:
494:
486:
480:
476:
469:
467:
462:
452:
449:
448:
442:
440:
429:
427:
423:
418:
416:
412:
408:
404:
396:
392:
388:
379:
377:
373:
369:
359:
357:
353:
352:
347:
346:
334:
329:
327:
322:
320:
316:
312:
311:
306:
302:
298:
297:
292:
288:
284:
283:
278:
267:
262:
259:
257:
253:
249:
248:
243:
239:
236:
231:
226:
222:
212:
210:
206:
205:
200:
196:
195:
181:
178:
175:
172:
170:
166:
163:
160:
157:
154:
152:
148:
145:
141:
140:
139:
134:
130:
126:
121:
112:
108:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
60:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
34:
30:
26:
21:
2294:Human rights
2267:
2192:South Africa
2182:Sierra Leone
1951:reproductive
1846:Labor rights
1822:and cultural
1786:
1732:Right to die
1609:human rights
1607:Substantive
1573:(March 2024)
1570:
1555:
1551:
1530:
1526:
1507:
1498:
1494:
1476:(1): 69–90.
1473:
1469:
1460:
1456:
1434:. Retrieved
1429:
1420:
1408:. Retrieved
1404:
1395:
1370:
1366:
1356:
1347:
1343:
1333:
1316:
1312:
1306:
1297:
1293:
1283:
1266:
1262:
1252:
1245:Sweeney 2018
1240:
1215:
1211:
1201:
1182:
1176:
1155:
1146:
1127:
1121:
1109:
1092:
1088:
1078:
1071:Sweeney 2018
1066:
1047:
1038:
1026:. Retrieved
1021:
1012:
995:
991:
981:
969:
962:Sweeney 2018
957:
945:
933:
914:
910:
900:
893:Sweeney 2018
888:
881:Sweeney 2018
876:
864:
847:
843:
837:
812:
808:
798:
791:Sweeney 2018
786:
767:
761:
754:Sweeney 2018
729:
725:
719:
707:
682:
678:
668:
661:Sweeney 2018
656:
647:
643:
637:
618:
612:
587:
583:
551:
547:
512:(4): 24–27.
509:
503:
493:
474:
435:
419:
400:
391:Talaat Pasha
365:
349:
343:
341:
338:National law
331:
323:
308:
294:
280:
274:
264:
260:
245:
228:
218:
202:
192:
190:
137:
123:Memorial at
109:
66:
44:human rights
39:
38:
2197:South Korea
2172:Philippines
2107:El Salvador
1979:LGBT rights
1712:Nationality
1702:LGBT rights
1436:28 November
1410:28 November
1114:Groome 2011
974:Groome 2011
950:Groome 2011
938:Latino 2018
869:Groome 2011
712:Groome 2011
422:reparations
345:sui generis
266:Convention.
233: [
87:(2005) and
27:during the
2288:Categories
2240:Greensboro
2052:Bangladesh
1717:Personhood
1028:6 December
457:References
131:under the
69:Protocol I
2220:2005–2008
2215:2001–2005
2202:Sri Lanka
2147:Mauritius
2127:Guatemala
2095:2003–2011
2090:1990–1991
2047:Argentina
1697:Legal aid
1379:1577-3388
1232:229073471
829:1777-5272
699:144817072
604:149087878
518:0739-1854
2314:Impunity
2077:Colombia
1959:Abortion
1797:Suffrage
1387:41676303
1154:(2018).
526:42763345
445:See also
426:impunity
142:Conduct
81:soft law
2232:Ukraine
2227:Tunisia
2152:Morocco
2142:Liberia
2117:Germany
2102:Ecuador
2057:Bolivia
2039:Country
1707:Liberty
1463:: 1399.
1022:Reuters
225:amnesty
71:to the
63:Origins
2207:Taiwan
2177:Rwanda
2162:Panama
2086:Chile
2067:Canada
2062:Brazil
1946:Sexual
1514:
1385:
1377:
1350:: 175.
1300:: 977.
1230:
1189:
1164:
1134:
1054:
827:
774:
697:
650:: 526.
625:
602:
524:
516:
481:
374:. The
2157:Nepal
2137:Kenya
2132:Haiti
2122:Ghana
1558:: 69.
1383:JSTOR
1228:S2CID
695:S2CID
600:S2CID
522:JSTOR
237:]
115:Cases
2167:Peru
2112:Fiji
2072:Chad
1512:ISBN
1501:(2).
1438:2020
1412:2020
1375:ISSN
1187:ISBN
1162:ISBN
1132:ISBN
1052:ISBN
1030:2020
825:ISSN
813:XIII
772:ISBN
623:ISBN
514:ISSN
479:ISBN
1948:and
1569:at
1565:by
1535:doi
1478:doi
1321:doi
1271:doi
1220:doi
1097:doi
1000:doi
919:doi
852:doi
817:doi
734:doi
687:doi
592:doi
556:doi
2290::
1556:46
1554:.
1550:.
1531:58
1529:.
1497:.
1493:.
1472:.
1461:35
1459:.
1428:.
1403:.
1381:.
1369:.
1365:.
1348:29
1346:.
1342:.
1315:.
1298:23
1296:.
1292:.
1267:41
1265:.
1261:.
1226:.
1216:35
1214:.
1210:.
1093:12
1091:.
1087:.
1020:.
996:14
994:.
990:.
913:.
909:.
848:17
846:.
823:.
815:.
807:.
746:^
728:.
693:.
683:88
681:.
677:.
648:33
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598:.
588:37
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582:.
570:^
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534:^
520:.
510:31
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235:es
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2016:t
2009:v
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1480::
1474:3
1440:.
1414:.
1389:.
1371:7
1327:.
1323::
1317:1
1277:.
1273::
1234:.
1222::
1195:.
1170:.
1140:.
1103:.
1099::
1060:.
1032:.
1006:.
1002::
927:.
921::
915:9
858:.
854::
831:.
819::
780:.
740:.
736::
730:4
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689::
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564:.
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487:.
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