144:, which prohibits deploying US military forces in the United States to enforce civilian laws against civilians. The Pentagon shipped the state security forces massive amounts of arms and military equipment for the exercise, and the defense forces were instructed to re-value the equipment at its higher replacement value. At the end of the exercise, the security forces only returned equipment at the value originally shipped, leaving surplus military equipment in the hands of civilians. These weapons were then "donated" to
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detention camp supplies, it neglected its basic civil defense role. Giuffreda resigned in 1985 after a US House of
Representatives subcommittee charged that FEMA was being mismanaged. A secret DoD/CIA joint investigation into the potential unconstitutionality of FEMA's role in planning for civil security emergencies (aka martial law) unearthed Rex 84B plan and exercise data, however this was destroyed by the investigator, CIA agent
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in North
Carolina, under the cover of night and flying them to either El Salvador or Nicaragua as a simulated invasion to enforce a state of martial law. This part of the exercise had been code named Rex 84 Night Train, and the overall readiness exercise, involving 34 federal agencies, was code named
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AG French's concerns about FEMA's role in Rex 84B led to several reforms. It emerged FEMA's
Director of Civil Security had compiled a list of 12,000 names of political security threats, intruding on the FBI's jurisdiction. While FEMA spent resources building civil security infrastructure such as
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Brooks: I was particularly concerned, Mr. Chairman, because I read in Miami papers, and several others, that there had been a plan developed, by that same agency, a contingency plan in the event of emergency, that would suspend the
American constitution. And I was deeply concerned about it and
253:. The exercise's fictional scenario of viewing Central American refugees as potential subversives who might organize themselves into terrorist cells was sent to the FBI as fact, leading to a crackdown by border authorities and federal government hostility to the
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magazine. Starting in 1981, the DoD and FEMA began a tradition of bi-annual joint exercises to test civil mobilization using the names Proud Saber and Rex 82. In 1984, the scenario involved a US Army rehearsal of airlifting the entire
42:. The scenario envisioned state defense forces rounding up 500,000 undocumented Central American residents and 4,000 American citizens whom the US Attorney General had designated as "national security threats" as part of the secret
108:. To combat what the government perceived as "subversive activities", the plan also authorized the military to direct the movement of civilian populations at state and regional levels, according to Professor Diana Reynolds.
134:, a potentially impeachable offense. The states of Texas, Alabama, and Louisiana had established civilian "state defense forces" independent of the national guard, recruiting mercenaries through the magazine
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and personally authorized by Ronald Reagan, the mass detention scenario was code named Rex 84 Bravo. It was modeled on a 1970s
Giuffreda-Meese-Reagan exercise in California known as Operation Cable Splicer.
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Contingency plans by the US Government for rounding up people perceived by the government to be subversive or a threat to civil order have existed for many decades. For example, from 1967 to 1971, the
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Article by Frank
Morales about Operation Garden Plot, the larger operation of which Rex 84 was a part. An edited version of this article appears in CovertAction Quarterly, #69 Spring/Summer 2000.
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Rex 84, with FEMA's role in assisting the DoD as Rex 84 Alpha. Later, when the mass detention scenario involving FEMA was added at the request of FEMA director Louis
Giuffreda and Reagan Advisor
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104:. Possible reasons for such a roundup were reported to be widespread opposition to a U.S. military invasion abroad, such as if the United States were to directly invade
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Inouye: May I most respectfully request that that matter not be touched upon at this stage. If we wish to get into this, I'm certain arrangements can be made for an
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140:. This allowed FEMA to sidestep its own and Department of Defense procurement rules for the weapons needed for mass detentions and sidestepped the
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Rex 84B's scenario of mass detention of US citizens and residents under an unrealistic pretext and without congressional debate is often cited by
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Inouye: I believe that question touches upon a highly sensitive and classified area so may I request that you not touch upon that?
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in 1984 and first revealed in detail in a major daily newspaper by reporter
Alfonso Chardy in the July 5, 1987 edition of the
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The Rex 84 scenario is unlikely to be constitutional because in 2018, the US Supreme Court overturned its decision in
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wondered if that was an area in which he had worked. I believe that it was and I wanted to get his confirmation.
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Transcripts from the Iran–Contra hearings on July 13, 1987 record the following dialogue between
Congressman
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745:"Foundations are in place for martial law in the US," Ritt Goldstein, Sydney Morning Herald, July 27, 2002
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249:. The existence of the ADEX list presaged mass restrictions on movement without due process such as the
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front-charities and shipped to the
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The COINTELPRO papers: documents from the FBI's secret wars against dissent in the United States
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cited Rex 84B in raising concerns about martial law in the United States as part of the Global
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program. These people would be detained at 22 military bases in concentration camps run by the
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723:"Supreme Court finally rejects infamous Korematsu decision on Japanese-American internment"
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The Age of Surveillance: The Aims & Methods of America's Political Intelligence System
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Break-ins, death threats and the FBI: the covert war against the central America movement
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and a similar earlier exercise, Lantern Spike, were originally revealed by journalist
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federal government to detain large numbers of United States residents deemed to be "
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685:"The Trajectory of Justice 2012: American Sanctuary Movement (5/22/12 Lecture)"
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kept a list of over 100,000 people to be rounded up as subversive, dubbed the "
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to release the list to FEMA for the exercise, the Attorney General refused.
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Violent Radicalization and Homegrown Terrorism Prevention Act of 2007
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Ridenhour, Ron (1975). "Garden Plot and the New Action Army".
213:" list. Such a list existed in 1984 as part of the classified
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The FEMA role in Rex 84, branded Rex 84B, was brainstormed by
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229:, who would be assassinated as Beirut station chief in 1985.
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were you not assigned, at one time, to work on plans for the
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545:. Berkeley, CA: Counterpoint Publishing. pp. 438–440.
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The Rise of the National Security State: FEMA and the NSC
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program; however, when Giuffreda asked Attorney General
362:. Berkeley, CA: Counterpoint Publishing. p. 439.
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threats" in the event that the president declared a
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573:"Clip: North being questioned on REX 84"
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625:. New York: Alfred Knopf. p. 166.
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702:McDermott, Jim (March 11, 2003).
666:"REX 84: One Plan To Cage Us All"
609:CovertAction Information Bulletin
187:Brendan Sullivan : Mr. Chairman?
58:The existence of master military
654:. Political Research Associates.
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710:. 149 Cong. Rec. H1724.
257:. In 2003, Congressman
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621:Donner, Frank (1980).
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81:(15,000 troops) from
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142:Posse Comitatus Act
112:Role in Iran-Contra
648:"The Fall of FEMA"
603:2005-08-27 at the
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137:Soldier of Fortune
118:Iran–Contra affair
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40:National Emergency
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670:Grand Theft World
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453:. pp.
309:No Fly List
294:Huston Plan
251:no-fly list
158:Jack Brooks
88:Edwin Meese
754:Categories
583:2020-03-11
527:2005-09-17
517:"Reynolds"
470:2016-10-19
427:2016-10-19
410:. p.
385:CounterSpy
345:References
284:COINTELPRO
178:the N.S.C.
116:See also:
83:Fort Bragg
73:CounterSpy
54:Background
28:classified
652:PublicEye
299:Main Core
601:Archived
521:Archived
278:See also
26:, was a
319:NSPD-51
128:Contras
20:Rex 84B
725:. CNN.
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579:. 1987
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233:Legacy
627:ISBN
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289:FEMA
211:ADEX
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