28:
38:
47:
1187:
37:
695:. The combination of a strong opposition and a weak government led to concerns about an impending political crisis. However, this did not turn out to be the case as the new regional governments were absorbed by local problems and showed little initiative in national politics. As the territorial circumscriptions that regional governments inherited from the former departments are considered too small, the Decentralization Bases Law provides for mergers between departments after a majority of the populations involved express their approval up to become a formal region. The first referendum of this kind was carried out on October 30, 2005, with the following proposals being put to the ballot:
41:
50:
1787:
1587:
1027:
46:
1307:
1267:
1427:
1467:
1387:
1147:
43:
1627:
1107:
1067:
947:
1907:
1867:
1547:
987:
44:
1827:
1707:
1667:
1227:
1747:
1507:
1347:
25:
800:; his functions include proposing and enforcing the budget, appointing government officials, issuing decrees and resolutions, executing regional plans and programs, and administering regional properties and rents. The Regional Council debates and votes upon bills proposed by the regional president, it also oversees all regional officials and can remove the president, its vice president, and any council member from office. The Regional Coordination Council has a consultancy role in planning and budget issues, and it has no executive or legislative powers.
56:
45:
57:
52:
35:
2918:
40:
2729:
36:
33:
30:
42:
263:
39:
29:
51:
32:
31:
787:
According to the
Organic Law of Regional Governments, the responsibilities of regional governments include planning regional development, executing public investment projects, promoting economic activities, and managing public property. Regional governments are composed of a president and a council,
803:
The
Organic Law of Regional Governments stipulates the gradual transfer of functions from the central government to the regions, provided they are certified as capable of undertaking these tasks. To oversee this process, the Decentralization Bases Law created a National Council of Decentralization
772:
New elections for regional governments were held on
November 19, 2006; most regions went to local political movements rather than to national parties. The APRA, which had won the presidential elections held on June 4, 2006, only won in two regions, all other national parties achieved even less.
592:
on
January 20, 1989, in the hope of winning some elections at this level. However, due to the haste of their creation, these regional governments were not provided with fiscal resources of their own, so they depended on the goodwill of the central government for funding.
3199:
53:
639:
was elected president for the 2001-2006 period on a platform that included creating regional governments. The new administration laid out the legal framework for the new administrative subdivisions in the
Decentralization Bases Law
3192:
49:
48:
2596:
588:, the government faced the prospect of losing the 1990 presidential elections because of a widespread economic crisis and faltering public support. As a way of creating an alternative source of power, the regime established
3185:
2538:
604:, an independent candidate. Fujimori withheld financial transfers to regional governments and then, on December 29, 1992, replaced them with government-designated Transitory Councils of Regional Administration (
868:
carried out from 2022 to 2023. Population density is given to one decimal place in persons per square kilometer. UBIGEO numbers are codes used by INEI to identify national administrative subdivisions.
3035:
55:
584:
contained provisions for the decentralization of power through the creation of autonomous regions, but they were not implemented. During the later years of the 1985–1990 presidency of
34:
2607:
580:
As political and economic power increasingly concentrated in Lima, the capital city, several administrations attempted to decentralize the country with little success. The 1979
2549:
620:. This new text included provisions for the creation of regions with autonomous, elected governments, but they were not carried out. A framework law on decentralization (
656:) issued on November 19, 2002. New regional governments were elected on November 20, 2002, one in each of the former departments and the former Constitutional Province (
355:
Unlike the previous system, the regional circumscriptions have an elected government and have a wide array of responsibilities within their jurisdiction. Under the 2002
3327:
631:
Fujimori was forced to resign in
November 2000 under accusations of authoritarianism, corruption, and human rights violations. After an interim government led by
2664:
2290:
853:
2573:
2172:
865:
2515:
54:
628:) issued on January 30, 1998, confirmed the permanence of transitory councils, now under the supervision of the Ministry of the Presidency.
348:, which has been excluded from this process and is not part of a regional government circumscription, has its government institution: the
3291:
522:(initially established in 1857, demoted to province status in 1875 after Tacna department separated, regained department status in 1936)
3322:
262:
2718:
833:
2629:
Monge, Carlos. "Los gobiernos regionales del periodo 2003–2006: la primera promoción que se gradúa de la descentralización".
816:, former president of Peru. Thus, on January 24, 2007, the council was abolished and replaced by the Decentralization Secretariat (
672:
2652:
2333:
2104:
2005:
1964:
769:
These proposals were rejected by the electorate of all departments involved except for
Arequipa. Thus, no merger was carried out.
2640:
2355:
3083:
2936:
3332:
2162:
2036:
2907:
2690:
2272:
3097:
3093:
613:
2012:
3073:
2773:
1154:
349:
325:
which says that two or more departments should merge to conform a region. This situation turned the departments into
318:
2681:
Linking civil society and the State: urban popular movements, the Left and local government in Perú, 1980–1992
3177:
2696:
2142:
874:
368:
3088:
2285:
2167:
2565:
2486:
3154:
3050:
3009:
2584:
597:
63:
3317:
2711:
692:
510:(established 1853 as the Province of Maynas, renamed to Loreto in 1861, and gained department status in 1866)
2060:
852:
Area and population information on the following list has been retrieved from official data by the
Peruvian
3149:
3139:
3118:
2743:
914:
782:
688:
415:
341:
293:
1186:
2823:
1554:
671:
In the 2002 elections, most regional governments went to parties in opposition, with twelve going to the
513:
285:
2848:
2526:
1754:
812:). However, this institution was criticized for being bureaucratic and ineffective by the government of
547:
329:
regional government circumscriptions. The first regional governments were elected on
November 20, 2002.
3235:
3144:
3078:
2951:
2783:
1234:
461:
367:), there is an ongoing process of transfer of functions from the central government to the regions. A
3113:
3019:
2999:
2984:
2803:
2128:
1394:
485:
306:) but faced the problem of increasing centralization of political and economic power in its capital,
2753:
994:
427:
3312:
3134:
2956:
2941:
2900:
2808:
2704:
1940:
1434:
495:
2788:
1786:
1274:
467:
3260:
3245:
3209:
3045:
3004:
2989:
2768:
1114:
445:
1586:
1026:
482:(established 1822 as Huanuco, not to be confused with the later department, and renamed in 1825)
317:
attempts, the national government decided to temporarily provide the departments (including the
3275:
3230:
3225:
3068:
3014:
2979:
2828:
2763:
2758:
2111:
2053:
2029:
1594:
1306:
1266:
1074:
1034:
825:
589:
519:
439:
433:
403:
2798:
1981:
1426:
1354:
479:
464:(initially established in 1822, annexed to Huamanga (Ayacucho) in 1825, reestablished in 1839)
3270:
3040:
2994:
2863:
1988:
1874:
1466:
1386:
668:, containing the capital, was excluded from the process; thus, it is not part of any region.
617:
581:
565:
1146:
3250:
2858:
2818:
2748:
1834:
1626:
1514:
1106:
1066:
954:
946:
559:
507:
421:
192:
2728:
1906:
788:
elected for a four-year term; additionally, there is a coordination council integrated by
632:
418:(initially established in 1832, reabsorbed into La Libertad in 1835, and restored in 1839)
241:
8:
3280:
2893:
2853:
2838:
2833:
2778:
2087:
1866:
1794:
1674:
1634:
1546:
1194:
986:
725:
553:
535:
525:
455:
391:
333:
297:
123:
1826:
1706:
1666:
1226:
2843:
2813:
2328:
1957:
1746:
1714:
1506:
1474:
864:, INEI). Areas are rounded to the nearest whole unit. Demographic data is based on the
844:) as an alternative coordinating institution, independent from the Central Government.
797:
541:
501:
146:
2350:
2076:
1346:
699:
79:
3255:
2966:
2946:
2793:
2157:
2147:
1314:
925:
789:
755:
473:
379:
375:
371:
for the merger of several departments failed to get the necessary electoral support.
153:
3207:
2726:
738:
116:
3240:
3060:
1565:
857:
837:
817:
805:
684:
665:
657:
649:
641:
636:
621:
605:
601:
395:
360:
277:
100:
2507:
2256:
600:
were marked by the discredit of political parties as evidenced in the election of
2490:
2359:
2337:
2294:
721:
708:
337:
314:
199:
93:
86:
742:
139:
2116:
1645:
1405:
321:) with regional governments until the conformation of regions according to the
250:
813:
676:
616:, Fujimori called an election for a Constitutional Assembly which drafted the
585:
3306:
3213:
2875:
2152:
879:
793:
763:
734:
680:
345:
234:
185:
169:
72:
1845:
1245:
759:
750:
716:
703:
227:
213:
206:
109:
2885:
2674:
Decentralizing the State: elections, parties, and local power in the Andes
746:
712:
648:), issued on July 17, 2002, and the Organic Law of Regional Governments (
220:
162:
2917:
729:
132:
1285:
829:
2481:
2041:
1765:
1325:
1125:
828:. Two months later, the regional presidents gathered in the city of
2618:
1885:
1605:
1445:
1365:
1085:
1045:
2065:
1525:
1005:
390:
After declaring its independence in 1821, Peru was divided into
1945:
1485:
1165:
965:
885:
178:
2683:. Pennsylvania: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 2002.
2654:
Referendum para la
Integracion y Conformacion de Regiones 2005
2330:
Referendum para la Integracion y Conformacion de Regiones 2005
562:(established 1901 as a province, raised to department in 1942)
538:(established 1837 as a province, raised to department in 1861)
2092:
2080:
2017:
1993:
1969:
1805:
1685:
1205:
3167:
2921:
1725:
307:
289:
2691:"Opposition Party Makes Strong Showing in Peru Election"
2273:"Opposition Party Makes Strong Showing in Peru Election"
3292:
Table of administrative country subdivisions by country
1900:
1895:
1890:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1020:
1015:
1010:
980:
975:
970:
940:
935:
930:
340:
are regional government circumscriptions each with a
2599:Ley Nº 27867, Ley Orgánica de Gobiernos Regionales
2576:Ley Nº 27783, Ley de Bases de la Descentralización
2444:Ley Nº 27783, Ley de Bases de la Descentralización
2432:Ley Nº 27867, Ley Orgánica de Gobiernos Regionales
2420:Ley Nº 27867, Ley Orgánica de Gobiernos Regionales
2408:Ley Nº 27867, Ley Orgánica de Gobiernos Regionales
2396:Ley Nº 27867, Ley Orgánica de Gobiernos Regionales
2384:Ley Nº 27867, Ley Orgánica de Gobiernos Regionales
2372:Ley Nº 27867, Ley Orgánica de Gobiernos Regionales
2316:Ley Nº 27783, Ley de Bases de la Descentralización
2173:List of regions of Peru by Human Development Index
2563:Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática.
2479:Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática.
870:
3304:
2633:163: 33–36 (November–December 2006).
854:National Institute of Statistics and Informatics
610:Consejos Transitorios de Administración Regional
3328:First-level administrative divisions by country
862:Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática
488:(established 1821 as Trujillo, renamed in 1825)
442:(established 1822 as Huamanga, renamed in 1825)
27:
16:First-level administrative subdivisions of Peru
2676:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
424:(established 1835 as Huaylas, renamed in 1839)
406:to eleven in 1822 and to twenty-four in 1980:
3193:
2901:
2712:
301:
284:) are, with the departments, the first-level
2915:
3200:
3186:
2908:
2894:
2719:
2705:
2663:Oficina Nacional de Procesos Electorales.
2651:Oficina Nacional de Procesos Electorales,
2639:Oficina Nacional de Procesos Electorales,
2349:Oficina Nacional de Procesos Electorales,
2327:Oficina Nacional de Procesos Electorales,
2284:Oficina Nacional de Procesos Electorales,
2306:Monge, "Los gobiernos regionales", p. 34.
842:Asamblea Nacional de Gobiernos Regionales
834:National Assembly of Regional Governments
2642:Elecciones Regionales y Municipales 2006
2352:Elecciones Regionales y Municipales 2006
267:Clickable map of the departments of Peru
3305:
3181:
2889:
2700:
2163:List of regions of Peru by population
1915:
902:
899:
893:
810:Consejo Nacional de Descentralización
654:Ley Orgánica de Gobiernos Regionales
646:Ley de Bases de la Descentralización
612:). Having dissolved Congress in the
409:
365:Ley Orgánica de Gobiernos Regionales
614:1992 Peruvian constitutional crisis
357:Organic Law of Regional Governments
323:Organic Law of Regional Governments
274:Organic Law of Regional Governments
13:
402:), which grew in number from four
332:Under the new arrangement, the 24
23:
14:
3344:
3323:Lists of administrative divisions
2493:. Retrieved on November 30, 2007.
2297:. Retrieved on February 28, 2008.
350:Metropolitan Municipality of Lima
319:Constitutional Province of Callao
2916:
2727:
2275:. Retrieved on December 1, 2007.
2259:. Retrieved on December 1, 2007.
2143:Administrative divisions of Peru
1905:
1865:
1825:
1785:
1745:
1705:
1665:
1625:
1585:
1545:
1505:
1465:
1425:
1385:
1345:
1305:
1265:
1225:
1185:
1145:
1105:
1065:
1025:
985:
945:
796:. The Regional President is the
374:Departments are subdivided into
261:
2541:Decreto Supremo Nº 007-2007-PCM
2473:
2461:
2456:Decreto Supremo Nº 007-2007-PCM
2449:
2437:
2425:
2413:
2401:
2389:
2377:
2365:
2343:
2321:
2309:
2168:List of Peruvian regions by GDP
822:Secretaría de Descentralización
2566:Banco de Información Distrital
2482:Banco de Información Distrital
2300:
2278:
2262:
2249:
2236:
2223:
2210:
2197:
2184:
626:Ley Marco de Descentralización
1:
2499:
2362:. Retrieved on March 2, 2008.
2340:. Retrieved on March 2, 2008.
776:
296:, Peru had been divided into
3333:Peru geography-related lists
2606:(in Spanish). Archived from
2583:(in Spanish). Archived from
2548:(in Spanish). Archived from
2525:(in Spanish). Archived from
2257:"Fujimori: Decline and fall"
1904:
1881:
1878:
1864:
1841:
1838:
1824:
1801:
1798:
1784:
1761:
1758:
1744:
1721:
1718:
1704:
1681:
1678:
1664:
1641:
1638:
1624:
1601:
1598:
1584:
1561:
1558:
1544:
1521:
1518:
1504:
1481:
1478:
1464:
1441:
1438:
1424:
1401:
1398:
1384:
1361:
1358:
1344:
1321:
1318:
1304:
1281:
1278:
1264:
1241:
1238:
1224:
1201:
1198:
1184:
1161:
1158:
1144:
1121:
1118:
1104:
1081:
1078:
1064:
1041:
1038:
1024:
1001:
998:
984:
961:
958:
944:
921:
918:
783:Regional Governments of Peru
689:Independent Moralizing Front
7:
2136:
792:and representatives of the
598:1990 presidential elections
313:After several unsuccessful
286:administrative subdivisions
10:
3349:
2878:is not part of any region.
2508:Fujimori: Decline and fall
1884:
1873:
1844:
1833:
1804:
1793:
1764:
1753:
1724:
1713:
1684:
1673:
1644:
1633:
1604:
1593:
1564:
1553:
1524:
1513:
1484:
1473:
1444:
1433:
1404:
1393:
1364:
1353:
1324:
1313:
1284:
1273:
1244:
1233:
1204:
1193:
1164:
1153:
1124:
1113:
1084:
1073:
1044:
1033:
1004:
993:
964:
953:
924:
913:
847:
780:
385:
3289:
3221:
3163:
3127:
3106:
3059:
3028:
2965:
2929:
2872:
2739:
683:, the party of president
590:twelve autonomous regions
3210:administrative divisions
2231:Decentralizing the State
2218:Decentralizing the State
2205:Decentralizing the State
2178:
662:Provincia Constitucional
824:), a dependency of the
3094:Diplomatic missions of
2518:Declaración de Huánuco
2468:Declaración de Huánuco
861:
841:
821:
809:
661:
653:
645:
625:
609:
399:
364:
302:
281:
60:
2666:Resultados regionales
2446:, Articles Nº 23, 24.
2434:, Articles Nº 81, 84.
2287:Resultados regionales
2244:Linking civil society
2192:Linking civil society
826:Prime Minister office
679:and only one each to
582:Peruvian Constitution
59:
3318:Subdivisions of Peru
3140:Archaeological sites
2693:. November 18, 2002.
2623:. November 16, 2002.
2511:. November 20, 2000.
2246:, pp. 195–196.
2679:Schönwälder, Gerd.
2672:O'Neill, Kathleen.
2557:. January 24, 2007.
2470:, Articles Nº 1, 2.
2458:, Articles Nº 1, 3.
2037:Quijos & Maynas
342:Regional Government
3036:Biosphere reserves
2687:The New York Times
2489:2008-04-23 at the
2358:2009-03-24 at the
2336:2008-03-26 at the
2293:2007-07-28 at the
2269:The New York Times
2103:Incorporated into
2052:Incorporated into
2004:Incorporated into
1956:Incorporated into
1916:Former departments
900:Population (2023)
798:head of government
568:(established 1980)
556:(established 1875)
550:(established 1906)
544:(established 1822)
528:(established 1944)
516:(established 1912)
504:(established 1821)
498:(established 1874)
476:(established 1855)
470:(established 1869)
458:(established 1822)
448:(established 1855)
436:(established 1822)
430:(established 1873)
61:
3298:
3297:
3175:
3174:
3074:Political parties
2985:Districts of Lima
2883:
2882:
2534:. March 20, 2007.
2422:, Article Nº 11B.
2318:, Articles Nº 29.
2158:Provinces of Peru
2148:Districts of Peru
2134:
2133:
2028:Reorganised into
1980:Reorganised into
1913:
1912:
790:provincial mayors
664:) of Callao. The
633:Valentín Paniagua
618:1993 Constitution
577:
576:
294:1821 independence
272:According to the
3340:
3202:
3195:
3188:
3179:
3178:
2920:
2910:
2903:
2896:
2887:
2886:
2731:
2721:
2714:
2707:
2698:
2697:
2662:
2650:
2638:
2628:
2622:
2614:
2612:
2605:
2592:. July 17, 2002.
2591:
2589:
2582:
2562:
2556:
2554:
2547:
2533:
2531:
2524:
2494:
2477:
2471:
2465:
2459:
2453:
2447:
2441:
2435:
2429:
2423:
2417:
2411:
2410:, Article Nº 15.
2405:
2399:
2398:, Article Nº 21.
2393:
2387:
2386:, Article Nº 11.
2381:
2375:
2374:, Article Nº 10.
2369:
2363:
2347:
2341:
2325:
2319:
2313:
2307:
2304:
2298:
2282:
2276:
2266:
2260:
2253:
2247:
2240:
2234:
2227:
2221:
2214:
2208:
2201:
2195:
2188:
1920:
1919:
1909:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1869:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1829:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1789:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1749:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1709:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1669:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1629:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1589:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1566:Puerto Maldonado
1549:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1509:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1469:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1429:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1389:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1349:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1309:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1269:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1229:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1189:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1149:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1109:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1069:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1029:
1022:
1017:
1012:
989:
982:
977:
972:
949:
942:
937:
932:
871:
693:Fernando Olivera
685:Alejandro Toledo
666:province of Lima
637:Alejandro Toledo
602:Alberto Fujimori
410:
305:
265:
253:
246:
237:
230:
223:
216:
209:
202:
195:
188:
181:
174:
165:
158:
149:
142:
135:
128:
119:
112:
105:
96:
89:
82:
75:
68:
26:
3348:
3347:
3343:
3342:
3341:
3339:
3338:
3337:
3313:Regions of Peru
3303:
3302:
3299:
3294:
3285:
3217:
3206:
3176:
3171:
3159:
3123:
3102:
3089:Prime ministers
3084:Vice presidents
3055:
3024:
3010:Protected areas
3005:Natural regions
2961:
2937:Army commanders
2925:
2914:
2884:
2879:
2868:
2735:
2733:Regions of Peru
2725:
2660:
2648:
2636:
2626:
2616:
2610:
2603:
2595:
2587:
2580:
2572:
2560:
2552:
2545:
2537:
2529:
2522:
2514:
2502:
2497:
2491:Wayback Machine
2478:
2474:
2466:
2462:
2454:
2450:
2442:
2438:
2430:
2426:
2418:
2414:
2406:
2402:
2394:
2390:
2382:
2378:
2370:
2366:
2360:Wayback Machine
2348:
2344:
2338:Wayback Machine
2326:
2322:
2314:
2310:
2305:
2301:
2295:Wayback Machine
2283:
2279:
2267:
2263:
2254:
2250:
2241:
2237:
2228:
2224:
2215:
2211:
2202:
2198:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2139:
2127:Reorganised as
1932:Disestablished
1918:
906:
904:
897:
895:
888:
882:
850:
785:
779:
578:
388:
369:2005 referendum
338:Callao Province
315:regionalization
276:, the regions (
270:
269:
268:
266:
258:
257:
256:
255:
251:
248:
244:
242:
239:
235:
232:
228:
225:
221:
218:
214:
211:
207:
204:
200:
197:
193:
190:
186:
183:
179:
176:
172:
170:
167:
163:
160:
156:
154:
151:
147:
144:
140:
137:
133:
130:
126:
124:
121:
117:
114:
110:
107:
103:
101:
98:
94:
91:
87:
84:
80:
77:
73:
70:
66:
64:
58:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3346:
3336:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3296:
3295:
3290:
3287:
3286:
3284:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3222:
3219:
3218:
3214:South American
3205:
3204:
3197:
3190:
3182:
3173:
3172:
3164:
3161:
3160:
3158:
3157:
3155:Shopping malls
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3131:
3129:
3125:
3124:
3122:
3121:
3116:
3110:
3108:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3100:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3069:Mayors of Lima
3065:
3063:
3057:
3056:
3054:
3053:
3051:National parks
3048:
3043:
3038:
3032:
3030:
3026:
3025:
3023:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2971:
2969:
2963:
2962:
2960:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2933:
2931:
2927:
2926:
2924:-related lists
2913:
2912:
2905:
2898:
2890:
2881:
2880:
2873:
2870:
2869:
2867:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2724:
2723:
2716:
2709:
2701:
2695:
2694:
2684:
2677:
2670:
2658:
2646:
2634:
2624:
2613:on 2007-07-02.
2593:
2590:on 2011-11-25.
2570:
2558:
2555:on 2011-10-02.
2535:
2532:on 2012-02-10.
2512:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2495:
2472:
2460:
2448:
2436:
2424:
2412:
2400:
2388:
2376:
2364:
2342:
2320:
2308:
2299:
2277:
2261:
2248:
2235:
2222:
2209:
2196:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2176:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2138:
2135:
2132:
2131:
2125:
2122:
2119:
2114:
2108:
2107:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2090:
2084:
2083:
2074:
2071:
2068:
2063:
2057:
2056:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2039:
2033:
2032:
2026:
2023:
2020:
2015:
2009:
2008:
2002:
1999:
1996:
1991:
1985:
1984:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1967:
1961:
1960:
1954:
1951:
1948:
1943:
1937:
1936:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1880:
1877:
1871:
1870:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1840:
1837:
1831:
1830:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1791:
1790:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1760:
1757:
1751:
1750:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1711:
1710:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1680:
1677:
1671:
1670:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1646:Cerro de Pasco
1643:
1640:
1637:
1631:
1630:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1591:
1590:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1551:
1550:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1511:
1510:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1471:
1470:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1431:
1430:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1391:
1390:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1351:
1350:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1311:
1310:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1271:
1270:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1231:
1230:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1151:
1150:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1111:
1110:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1071:
1070:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1031:
1030:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
1000:
997:
991:
990:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
960:
957:
951:
950:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
920:
917:
911:
910:
907:
901:
898:
892:
889:
883:
877:
849:
846:
832:established a
781:Main article:
778:
775:
767:
766:
753:
732:
719:
706:
575:
574:
570:
569:
563:
557:
551:
545:
539:
531:
530:
529:
523:
517:
511:
505:
499:
491:
490:
489:
483:
477:
471:
465:
459:
451:
450:
449:
443:
437:
431:
425:
419:
408:
387:
384:
260:
259:
249:
240:
233:
226:
219:
212:
205:
198:
191:
184:
177:
168:
161:
152:
145:
138:
131:
122:
115:
108:
99:
92:
85:
78:
71:
62:
22:
21:
20:
19:
18:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3345:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3310:
3308:
3301:
3293:
3288:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3223:
3220:
3215:
3211:
3203:
3198:
3196:
3191:
3189:
3184:
3183:
3180:
3170:
3169:
3162:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3132:
3130:
3126:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3111:
3109:
3105:
3099:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3064:
3062:
3058:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3033:
3031:
3027:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2972:
2970:
2968:
2964:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2934:
2932:
2928:
2923:
2919:
2911:
2906:
2904:
2899:
2897:
2892:
2891:
2888:
2877:
2876:Lima Province
2871:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2824:Madre de Dios
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2741:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2722:
2717:
2715:
2710:
2708:
2703:
2702:
2699:
2692:
2688:
2685:
2682:
2678:
2675:
2671:
2668:
2667:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2635:
2632:
2625:
2620:
2609:
2602:
2600:
2594:
2586:
2579:
2577:
2571:
2568:
2567:
2559:
2551:
2544:
2542:
2536:
2528:
2521:
2519:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2504:
2503:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2483:
2476:
2469:
2464:
2457:
2452:
2445:
2440:
2433:
2428:
2421:
2416:
2409:
2404:
2397:
2392:
2385:
2380:
2373:
2368:
2361:
2357:
2354:
2353:
2346:
2339:
2335:
2332:
2331:
2324:
2317:
2312:
2303:
2296:
2292:
2289:
2288:
2281:
2274:
2270:
2265:
2258:
2252:
2245:
2242:Schönwälder,
2239:
2232:
2226:
2219:
2213:
2206:
2200:
2193:
2190:Schönwälder,
2187:
2183:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2153:ISO 3166-2:PE
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2130:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2109:
2106:
2102:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2085:
2082:
2078:
2075:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2058:
2055:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2034:
2031:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2007:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1983:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1962:
1959:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1938:
1934:
1931:
1928:
1926:Capital city
1925:
1922:
1921:
1908:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1887:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1847:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1807:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1767:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1727:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1687:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1647:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1607:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1567:
1556:
1555:Madre de Dios
1552:
1548:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1527:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1487:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1447:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1407:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1367:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1327:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1287:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1247:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1207:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1167:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1127:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1087:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1047:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1007:
996:
992:
988:
979:
974:
969:
967:
956:
952:
948:
939:
934:
929:
927:
916:
912:
908:
905:density (/km)
890:
887:
884:
881:
878:
876:
873:
872:
869:
867:
863:
859:
855:
845:
843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
801:
799:
795:
794:civil society
791:
784:
774:
770:
765:
761:
757:
754:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
733:
731:
727:
723:
720:
718:
714:
710:
707:
705:
701:
698:
697:
696:
694:
690:
686:
682:
681:Possible Peru
678:
674:
669:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
638:
634:
629:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
594:
591:
587:
583:
573:
567:
564:
561:
558:
555:
552:
549:
546:
543:
540:
537:
534:
533:
532:
527:
524:
521:
518:
515:
514:Madre de Dios
512:
509:
506:
503:
500:
497:
494:
493:
492:
487:
484:
481:
478:
475:
472:
469:
466:
463:
460:
457:
454:
453:
452:
447:
444:
441:
438:
435:
432:
429:
426:
423:
420:
417:
414:
413:
412:
411:
407:
405:
401:
400:departamentos
397:
393:
383:
381:
377:
372:
370:
366:
362:
358:
353:
351:
347:
346:Lima Province
343:
339:
335:
330:
328:
324:
320:
316:
311:
309:
304:
303:departamentos
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
264:
254:
247:
238:
231:
224:
217:
210:
203:
196:
194:Madre de Dios
189:
182:
175:
166:
159:
150:
143:
136:
129:
120:
113:
106:
97:
90:
83:
76:
69:
3300:
3265:
3208:First-level
3165:
3150:Postal codes
3119:Universities
3107:Institutions
2974:
2784:Huancavelica
2732:
2686:
2680:
2673:
2665:
2661:(in Spanish)
2653:
2649:(in Spanish)
2641:
2637:(in Spanish)
2630:
2627:(in Spanish)
2608:the original
2598:
2585:the original
2575:
2564:
2561:(in Spanish)
2550:the original
2540:
2527:the original
2517:
2506:
2480:
2475:
2467:
2463:
2455:
2451:
2443:
2439:
2431:
2427:
2419:
2415:
2407:
2403:
2395:
2391:
2383:
2379:
2371:
2367:
2351:
2345:
2329:
2323:
2315:
2311:
2302:
2286:
2280:
2268:
2264:
2251:
2243:
2238:
2230:
2225:
2217:
2212:
2204:
2199:
2191:
2186:
2077:Incorporated
1929:Established
1246:Huancavelica
1235:Huancavelica
851:
802:
786:
771:
768:
726:Huancavelica
670:
630:
595:
579:
571:
462:Huancavelica
389:
373:
356:
354:
331:
326:
322:
312:
292:. Since its
273:
271:
2804:La Libertad
2129:La Libertad
1923:Department
1395:La Libertad
926:Chachapoyas
866:2023 Census
814:Alan García
677:Alan García
586:Alan García
486:La Libertad
392:departments
334:departments
298:departments
148:La Libertad
3307:Categories
3145:Newspapers
3079:Presidents
2952:Presidents
2849:San Martín
2809:Lambayeque
2617:(305
2505:BBC News.
2500:References
2255:BBC News,
1755:San Martín
1435:Lambayeque
903:Population
777:Government
756:Lambayeque
548:San Martin
496:Lambayeque
3281:Venezuela
3226:Argentina
3216:countries
3166:See also
3114:Hospitals
3020:Volcanoes
3000:Mountains
2967:Geography
2947:Peruvians
2769:Cajamarca
2233:, p. 199.
2229:O'Neill,
2220:, p. 199.
2216:O'Neill,
2207:, p. 197.
2203:O'Neill,
2042:Moyobamba
1766:Moyobamba
1736:1,263,000
1696:1,657,000
1456:1,099,000
1416:1,555,000
1376:1,105,000
1216:1,187,000
1136:1,370,000
1126:Cajamarca
1115:Cajamarca
1056:1,150,000
976:1,052,000
909:Location
687:and ally
446:Cajamarca
380:districts
376:provinces
336:plus the
3271:Suriname
3261:Paraguay
3246:Colombia
3135:Airports
3061:Politics
2829:Moquegua
2764:Ayacucho
2759:Arequipa
2754:Apurímac
2744:Amazonas
2631:Quehacer
2487:Archived
2356:Archived
2334:Archived
2291:Archived
2194:, p. 94.
2137:See also
2117:Trujillo
2112:Trujillo
2061:Tarapacá
2054:Trujillo
2030:Moquegua
1886:Pucallpa
1606:Moquegua
1595:Moquegua
1446:Chiclayo
1406:Trujillo
1366:Huancayo
1086:Ayacucho
1075:Ayacucho
1046:Arequipa
1035:Arequipa
995:Apurímac
915:Amazonas
891:Capital
722:Ayacucho
709:Arequipa
700:Apurímac
520:Moquegua
440:Ayacucho
434:Arequipa
428:Apurímac
416:Amazonas
327:de facto
282:regiones
201:Moquegua
173:Province
95:Ayacucho
88:Arequipa
81:Apurímac
3276:Uruguay
3251:Ecuador
3231:Bolivia
3098:in Peru
3046:Mammals
2990:Islands
2975:Regions
2957:Writers
2942:Limeños
2874:Peru's
2864:Ucayali
2789:Huánuco
2105:Huánuco
2066:Iquique
2013:Litoral
2006:Huánuco
1989:Huaylas
1965:Huánuco
1896:415,000
1891:101,831
1879:PE-UCA
1875:Ucayali
1856:204,000
1839:PE-TUM
1816:285,000
1799:PE-TAC
1776:678,000
1759:PE-SAM
1719:PE-PUN
1679:PE-PIU
1656:276,000
1639:PE-PAS
1616:178,000
1599:PE-MOQ
1576:104,000
1559:PE-MDD
1536:901,000
1531:368,852
1526:Iquitos
1519:PE-LOR
1496:879,000
1479:PE-LIM
1439:PE-LAM
1399:PE-LAL
1359:PE-JUN
1336:682,000
1319:PE-ICA
1296:746,000
1286:Huánuco
1279:PE-HUC
1275:Huánuco
1256:462,000
1239:PE-HUV
1199:PE-CUS
1181:5,514.8
1176:823,000
1159:PE-CAL
1119:PE-CAJ
1096:634,000
1079:PE-AYA
1039:PE-ARE
1016:427,000
1006:Abancay
999:PE-APU
959:PE-ANC
936:403,000
919:PE-AMA
858:Spanish
848:Regions
838:Spanish
830:Huánuco
818:Spanish
806:Spanish
739:Huánuco
658:Spanish
650:Spanish
642:Spanish
622:Spanish
606:Spanish
566:Ucayali
468:Huánuco
404:in 1821
396:Spanish
386:History
361:Spanish
278:Spanish
252:Ucayali
118:Huánuco
3256:Guyana
3236:Brazil
3029:Nature
3015:Rivers
2980:Cities
2930:People
2859:Tumbes
2819:Loreto
2774:Callao
2749:Áncash
2615:
1946:Huaura
1846:Tumbes
1835:Tumbes
1811:16,076
1771:51,253
1731:66,997
1691:35,892
1651:25,320
1611:15,734
1571:85,301
1515:Loreto
1491:34,802
1486:Huacho
1451:14,231
1411:25,500
1371:37,667
1331:21,328
1291:36,849
1251:22,131
1211:71,986
1166:Callao
1155:Callao
1131:33,318
1091:43,815
1051:63,345
1011:20,896
971:35,914
966:Huaraz
955:Ancash
931:39,249
886:UBIGEO
875:Region
764:Tumbes
735:Ancash
572:
560:Tumbes
508:Loreto
422:Ancash
245:Martín
236:Tumbes
187:Loreto
180:Callao
127:velica
125:Huanca
74:Ancash
3241:Chile
3128:Other
3041:Birds
2995:Lakes
2854:Tacna
2839:Piura
2834:Pasco
2799:Junín
2779:Cusco
2611:(PDF)
2604:(PDF)
2588:(PDF)
2581:(PDF)
2553:(PDF)
2546:(PDF)
2530:(PDF)
2523:(PDF)
2179:Notes
2124:1825
2121:1821
2100:1823
2097:1821
2093:Tarma
2088:Tarma
2081:Chile
2079:into
2073:1883
2070:1878
2049:1825
2046:1822
2025:1857
2022:1837
2018:Tacna
2001:1823
1998:1821
1994:Tarma
1982:Junín
1977:1825
1974:1823
1970:Tarma
1953:1823
1950:1821
1941:Costa
1935:Fate
1851:4,046
1806:Tacna
1795:Tacna
1686:Piura
1675:Piura
1635:Pasco
1355:Junín
1206:Cusco
1195:Cusco
760:Piura
751:Pasco
743:Junín
717:Tacna
704:Cuzco
554:Tacna
536:Piura
526:Pasco
480:Junín
456:Cuzco
229:Tacna
215:Piura
208:Pasco
157:yeque
155:Lamba
141:Junín
111:Cusco
104:marca
67:zonas
3266:Peru
3168:Peru
2922:Peru
2844:Puno
2814:Lima
1958:Lima
1861:47.4
1821:17.1
1781:13.1
1741:18.6
1726:Puno
1715:Puno
1701:45.4
1661:10.5
1621:10.1
1501:24.9
1475:Lima
1461:76.7
1421:60.4
1381:29.0
1341:31.2
1301:19.8
1261:20.2
1221:16.3
1141:40.8
1101:14.1
1061:18.0
1021:20.0
981:28.9
896:(km)
894:Area
747:Lima
713:Puno
673:APRA
596:The
542:Puno
502:Lima
378:and
308:Lima
290:Peru
222:Puno
171:Lima
164:Lima
102:Caja
3212:of
2794:Ica
2619:KiB
1901:4.0
1882:25
1842:24
1802:23
1762:22
1722:21
1682:20
1642:19
1602:18
1581:1.1
1562:17
1541:2.4
1522:16
1482:15
1442:14
1402:13
1362:12
1326:Ica
1322:11
1315:Ica
1282:10
1242:09
1202:08
1171:147
1162:07
1122:06
1082:05
1042:04
1002:03
962:02
941:9.9
922:01
880:ISO
730:Ica
691:of
675:of
474:Ica
310:.
288:of
243:San
134:Ica
65:Ama
3309::
3096:/
2689:.
2485:.
2271:,
860::
840::
820::
808::
762:,
758:,
749:,
745:,
741:,
737:,
728:,
724:,
715:,
711:,
702:,
660::
652::
644::
635:,
624::
608::
398::
382:.
363::
352:.
344:.
280::
3201:e
3194:t
3187:v
2909:e
2902:t
2895:v
2720:e
2713:t
2706:v
2669:.
2657:.
2645:.
2621:)
2601:"
2597:"
2578:"
2574:"
2569:.
2543:"
2539:"
2520:"
2516:"
856:(
836:(
804:(
640:(
394:(
359:(
300:(
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