17:
898:
114:. The marriage of Catholic to Arian was not advantageous for the church of the former and the influence of Rechiar's queen and another later Arian queen helped bring about the conversion of the Suevi not to Catholicism, but to Arianism. If Rechiar did make any effort to convert his people to his faith, it was entirely ephemeral and "bore no detectable fruit".
144:(treasure) with him on his campaigns. Despite Hydatius' misrepresentation of Rechiarius, he was the first Suevic king to be born in Gallaecia and with a Roman education, like many Gallico-Roman leaders of the time, thanks to which he also gained influence in the autochthonous social layers. He kept his capital at
59:
Rechiar was almost certainly not raised
Christian, though some scholars have raised the contention that his father raised him that way in order to foster good relations with the Church and the Romanized population who were, for the most part, Catholics as well. What is certain is the Rechiar had been
102:
which was preached by the
Visigothic missionaries. Rechiar was one of the only Suevi to convert at that time; also he preserved his ancestral beliefs and his people remained pagan. Hydatius records opposition, possibly secret, to his succession, but the basis of this opposition he does not mention.
51:, the contemporary bishop and chronicler from Galicia who is the sole contemporary source for biographical details of Rechiar, established his reputation as that of a barbarian with little sense of Roman law, culture, or custom; accusations already discredited, but very common at that time.
295:(i.e., the western Mediterranean) before winds forced him back and he was captured. Jordanes is almost certainly wrong; at Porto Rechiar was captured and executed in December. The Suevic monarchy collapsed, rapidly disintegrating into rival factions over the following years.
81:
by half a century. The argument was even raised in the late nineteenth century that the
Spanish church had primacy over the French because Rechiar's conversion predated Clovis'. Rechiar was the son of the
596:, 296 n12, notes that Felix Dahn believed Theodoric invaded Hispania feeling that Suevic control of Tarraconensis would threaten his kingdom of Toulouse. Thompson himself dismisses the argument.
271:), and perhaps even Romans to confront the Suevi, who in turn planned to meet the invaders on the borders of Tarraconensis. On 5 October 456 Theodoric defeated Rechiar in a battle at the
16:
98:. The date and circumstances of Rechiar's conversion are unknown and it is possible that Roman missionaries took some part in it, since he was not converted to the
1169:
521:
follows him, but there is no reason to accept
Isidore over Hydatius and every reason not to when considering that Isidore refuses to mention the Bagaude in his
47:, from 448 until his death, and also the first one to be born in Gallaecia. He was one of the most innovative and belligerent of the Suevi monarchs.
176:, a unique occurrence between Germanic rulers and local peasant rebels. Rechiar also impelled the first contact between the Suevi and the
1199:
1024:
768:
168:. It has been surmised by some that this act was connected with Rechiar's warlike attitude towards Rome. He even allied with the
156:
Rechiar was a bellicose ruler, who made war on all of his neighbours. In 448, at the commencement of his reign, the Roman count
346:
His father
Rechila married a daughter of Wallia, king of the Visigoths (415–19); the marriage took place between 415 and 419.
517:, 184–185. Isidore of Seville believed that it was not Bagaudae with which Rechiar allied, but rather the Visigoths.
200:(Lleida) "by a trick". He took many prisoners, but he failed to take the region and thus complete the Suevic conquest of
1174:
985:
709:
694:
665:
650:
962:
140:("By order of King Rechiar"). Rechiar's kingship was "primitive" enough, however, that it appears he took the royal
212:
957:
1189:
761:
485:
1145:
967:
180:: he made war on them in February 449. The expedition may have been a mere raid or an attempted conquest of
1049:
299:
fell on 28 October and the
Visigoths brutally sacked the city and the churches before moving on to conquer
1179:
251:(his brother-in-law), that he could rule all of Hispania. Theodoric, acting on the orders of the emperor
1194:
754:
1000:
73:) before reaching the throne. Rechiar's conversion to Trinitarianism predated that of the more famous
777:
1009:
867:
686:
1057:
1029:
857:
264:
990:
952:
238:, the only province of Hispania still under Roman control, but did not conquer it. According to
122:
Rechiar was a powerful enough ruler to mint his own coinage, on which he had stamped the legend
1118:
914:
235:
21:
1081:
934:
184:
as a prelude to the conquest of the Ebro valley. Later in 449 he visited his father-in-law in
1114:
1034:
906:
995:
924:
303:. During the century of Arianism that soon commenced, nothing about the Suevi was recorded.
1099:
1019:
1014:
789:
929:
8:
1184:
1127:
1109:
1089:
872:
637:
Collins, Roger. "The
Basques in Aquitaine and Navarre: Problems of Frontier Government."
330:
287:). He was wounded during the battle, but according to Hydatius managed to flee as far as
919:
1104:
1067:
781:
728:
65:
944:
242:, he had "presumed" on the basis of his relationship to the Visigothic king and Roman
1137:
1123:
1094:
705:
690:
661:
646:
481:
322:
227:
83:
69:
234:, probably with the intent of conquest. Later that year he attacked the province of
219:
1039:
518:
318:
1004:
641:. edd. J. Gillingham and J. C. Holt. Cambridge: Boydell Press, 1984. Reprinted in
231:
223:
292:
276:
1163:
1073:
248:
260:
173:
111:
897:
673:"Mining in the Later Roman Empire and Beyond: Continuity or Disruption?"
852:
842:
639:
War and
Society in the Middle Ages: Essays in Honour of J. O. Prestwich
192:, leader of one of the Bagaudae, and raided the Ebro valley, attacking
746:
681:
Thompson, E. A. "The
Conversion of the Spanish Suevi to Catholicism."
672:
977:
837:
827:
300:
291:
in the heart of his kingdom, while
Jordanes says he took ship in the
244:
205:
157:
91:
44:
284:
847:
797:
268:
239:
201:
193:
189:
181:
169:
107:
99:
74:
48:
887:
862:
817:
802:
721:
177:
161:
128:
87:
20:
Statue of Rechiar, Suebic King of Galicia (sculpted 1750–1753),
882:
877:
832:
822:
812:
738:
256:
252:
197:
165:
95:
78:
440:
Edmondson, "Mining in the Later Roman Empire and Beyond", 100.
296:
288:
145:
40:
25:
185:
103:
It is not inconceivable that it was religiously motivated.
90:, whom he succeeded on the throne, and a daughter of the
702:
Romans and Barbarians: The Decline of the Western Empire
126:. Indeed, he was the first Germanic king to mint coins (
211:
Unlike his father-in-law, he did not take part in the
188:. On his return home to Galicia, Rechiar allied with
132:) bearing his name and the first to claim the right (
643:
Law, Culture and Regionalism in Early Medieval Spain
431:
Thompson, "The Conversion of the Spanish Suevi", 91.
402:
Thompson, "The Conversion of the Spanish Suevi", 80.
364:
Thompson, "The Conversion of the Spanish Suevi", 79.
534:
Collins, "The Basques in Aquitaine and Navarre", 6.
106:Rechiar married an Arian Visigothic princess from
478:Greatness and Decadence of the Kingdom of Galicia
255:, invaded Hispania in 456 with an army of Goths,
1161:
704:. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1982.
1170:Converts to Christianity from Germanic paganism
39:(after 415 – December 456) was the third
617:
615:
575:
573:
571:
557:
555:
553:
475:
762:
372:
370:
218:Following the assassination of the patrician
398:
396:
394:
392:
390:
388:
386:
360:
358:
356:
354:
352:
612:
568:
550:
456:
414:
412:
410:
408:
769:
755:
367:
689:. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1980.
383:
349:
405:
15:
776:
1162:
660:. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2004.
750:
678:, Vol. 79. (1989), pp 84–102.
13:
1200:Monarchs taken prisoner in wartime
136:) to mint them, in Latin legend: "
14:
1211:
230:in 455, Rechiar led an attack on
117:
896:
683:Visigothic Spain: New Approaches
213:battle of the Catalaunian Plains
599:
586:
537:
528:
507:
494:
476:González López, Emilio (1978).
469:
443:
434:
425:
340:
312:
1:
631:
1050:Portuguese House of Burgundy
676:The Journal of Roman Studies
7:
204:. Rechiar did not approach
164:by a Suevic nobleman named
54:
10:
1216:
208:, the provincial capital.
1175:5th-century Suebian kings
1136:
1080:
1066:
1048:
976:
943:
905:
894:
788:
735:
726:
718:
658:Visigothic Spain, 409–711
306:
1058:Ferdinand I of Portugal
151:
1190:5th-century Christians
236:Hispania Tarraconensis
29:
22:Royal Palace of Madrid
907:Astur-Leonese dynasty
623:Romans and Barbarians
607:Romans and Barbarians
594:Romans and Barbarians
581:Romans and Barbarians
563:Romans and Barbarians
545:Romans and Barbarians
515:Romans and Barbarians
502:Romans and Barbarians
480:. Editorial Galaxia.
464:Romans and Barbarians
451:Romans and Barbarians
378:Romans and Barbarians
138:IVSSV RECHIARI REGES"
19:
124:ivssv rechiari reges
1082:House of Trastámara
263:(under their kings
1180:Christian monarchs
1068:House of Lancaster
645:. Variorum, 1992.
275:twelve miles from
196:and even entering
110:, the daughter of
37:Flavius Rechiarius
30:
1195:Executed monarchs
1154:
1153:
1138:House of Habsburg
978:House of Burgundy
745:
744:
736:Succeeded by
671:Edmondson, J. C.
228:Petronius Maximus
222:and the emperors
70:Historia Suevorum
62:catholicus factus
1207:
945:House of Jiménez
900:
771:
764:
757:
748:
747:
719:Preceded by
716:
715:
700:Thompson, E. A.
656:Collins, Roger.
626:
619:
610:
603:
597:
590:
584:
577:
566:
559:
548:
541:
535:
532:
526:
519:Theodore Mommsen
511:
505:
498:
492:
491:
473:
467:
460:
454:
447:
441:
438:
432:
429:
423:
420:Visigothic Spain
416:
403:
400:
381:
374:
365:
362:
347:
344:
338:
316:
172:in ravaging the
160:was executed at
1215:
1214:
1210:
1209:
1208:
1206:
1205:
1204:
1160:
1159:
1157:
1155:
1150:
1132:
1076:
1062:
1044:
972:
939:
901:
892:
784:
775:
741:
732:
729:King of Galicia
724:
634:
629:
620:
613:
604:
600:
591:
587:
578:
569:
560:
551:
542:
538:
533:
529:
512:
508:
499:
495:
488:
474:
470:
461:
457:
448:
444:
439:
435:
430:
426:
417:
406:
401:
384:
375:
368:
363:
350:
345:
341:
317:
313:
309:
232:Carthaginiensis
224:Valentinian III
154:
120:
57:
12:
11:
5:
1213:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1152:
1151:
1149:
1148:
1142:
1140:
1134:
1133:
1131:
1130:
1121:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1086:
1084:
1078:
1077:
1072:
1070:
1064:
1063:
1061:
1060:
1054:
1052:
1046:
1045:
1043:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
998:
993:
988:
982:
980:
974:
973:
971:
970:
965:
960:
955:
949:
947:
941:
940:
938:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
911:
909:
903:
902:
895:
893:
891:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
794:
792:
786:
785:
774:
773:
766:
759:
751:
743:
742:
737:
734:
733:448–456
725:
720:
714:
713:
698:
679:
669:
654:
633:
630:
628:
627:
611:
598:
585:
567:
549:
536:
527:
506:
493:
486:
468:
455:
442:
433:
424:
404:
382:
366:
348:
339:
310:
308:
305:
293:Tyrrhenian Sea
273:Campus Paramus
220:Flavius Aëtius
153:
150:
119:
118:Administration
116:
56:
53:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1212:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1158:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1141:
1139:
1135:
1129:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1087:
1085:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1074:John of Gaunt
1071:
1069:
1065:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1010:Ferdinand III
1008:
1006:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
983:
981:
979:
975:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
950:
948:
946:
942:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
912:
910:
908:
904:
899:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
795:
793:
791:
790:Suebian kings
787:
783:
779:
772:
767:
765:
760:
758:
753:
752:
749:
740:
731:
730:
723:
717:
711:
710:0-299-08700-X
707:
703:
699:
696:
695:0-19-822543-1
692:
688:
684:
680:
677:
674:
670:
667:
666:0-631-18185-7
663:
659:
655:
652:
651:0-86078-308-1
648:
644:
640:
636:
635:
624:
618:
616:
608:
602:
595:
589:
582:
576:
574:
572:
564:
558:
556:
554:
546:
540:
531:
524:
520:
516:
510:
503:
497:
489:
483:
479:
472:
465:
459:
452:
446:
437:
428:
421:
415:
413:
411:
409:
399:
397:
395:
393:
391:
389:
387:
379:
373:
371:
361:
359:
357:
355:
353:
343:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
315:
311:
304:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
247:
246:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
216:
214:
209:
207:
203:
199:
195:
194:Caesaraugusta
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
149:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
130:
125:
115:
113:
109:
104:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
80:
76:
72:
71:
67:
64:according to
63:
52:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
27:
23:
18:
1156:
1030:Ferdinand IV
991:Ferdinand II
807:
727:
701:
687:Edward James
682:
675:
657:
642:
638:
622:
606:
601:
593:
588:
580:
562:
544:
539:
530:
522:
514:
509:
501:
496:
477:
471:
463:
458:
450:
445:
436:
427:
419:
377:
342:
334:
326:
314:
280:
272:
249:Theodoric II
243:
217:
210:
155:
141:
137:
133:
127:
123:
121:
105:
68:
61:
58:
36:
32:
31:
1119:Ferdinand V
1025:Prince John
986:Alfonso VII
935:Bermudo III
265:Chilperic I
261:Burgundians
174:Ebro valley
112:Theodoric I
60:converted (
1185:456 deaths
1164:Categories
1115:Isabella I
1035:Alfonso XI
996:Alfonso IX
963:Alfonso VI
925:Bermudo II
853:Theodemund
843:Hermeneric
632:References
621:Thompson,
609:, 297 n15.
605:Thompson,
592:Thompson,
579:Thompson,
561:Thompson,
543:Thompson,
513:Thompson,
500:Thompson,
487:8471543036
462:Thompson,
449:Thompson,
376:Thompson,
331:Portuguese
245:foederatus
92:Visigothic
1146:Charles I
1100:Henry III
1020:Sancho IV
1015:Alfonso X
958:Sancho II
953:García II
930:Alfonso V
915:Ordoño II
868:Theodemar
838:Remismund
828:Richimund
418:Collins,
335:Requiário
327:Requiario
319:Castilian
301:Andalusia
206:Tarragona
158:Censorius
142:thesaurus
66:Isidore's
45:Gallaecia
1128:Philip I
1110:Henry IV
1090:Henry II
920:Sancho I
858:Chararic
848:Veremund
798:Hermeric
778:Monarchs
523:Historia
323:Galician
269:Gundioch
240:Jordanes
215:in 451.
202:Hispania
190:Basilius
182:Vasconia
170:Bagaudae
129:siliquae
108:Toulouse
100:Arianism
86:Flavius
55:Religion
49:Hydatius
43:king of
1105:John II
888:Malaric
863:Ariamir
818:Maldras
808:Rechiar
803:Rechila
782:Galicia
722:Rechila
281:Urbicus
279:on the
277:Astorga
178:Basques
162:Seville
88:Rechila
77:of the
33:Rechiar
1126:&
1124:Joanna
1117:&
1095:John I
1003:&
1001:Sancha
968:Urraca
883:Audeca
878:Eboric
833:Frumar
823:Framta
813:Aioulf
739:Aioulf
708:
693:
685:. ed.
664:
649:
625:, 164.
583:, 163.
565:, 162.
547:, 189.
504:, 209.
484:
466:, 169.
453:, 212.
380:, 165.
285:Órbigo
257:Franks
253:Avitus
198:Ilerda
166:Agiulf
96:Wallia
79:Franks
75:Clovis
41:Suevic
1040:Peter
1005:Dulce
422:, 31.
307:Notes
297:Braga
289:Porto
146:Braga
134:iussu
94:king
84:pagan
26:Spain
873:Miro
706:ISBN
691:ISBN
662:ISBN
647:ISBN
482:ISBN
321:and
267:and
226:and
186:Gaul
152:Wars
780:of
35:or
1166::
614:^
570:^
552:^
407:^
385:^
369:^
351:^
333::
329:;
325::
259:,
148:.
24:,
770:e
763:t
756:v
712:.
697:.
668:.
653:.
525:.
490:.
337:.
283:(
28:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
,_Royal_Palace_of_Madrid,_Spain_-_20080109-ret.jpg)