329:
her birth, according to Nique, only days (sources differ as to how long). The marriage contract included Marie's inheritance, Montpellier, which was to be passed to the child immediately should something happen to Peter, says Nique, citing documents discovered in 1850, something Marie would at first not agree to, but finally agreed to a few months later, stating that she had agreed under pressure. However the child's younger brother James makes no mention of her and Sancha was apparently dead before the New Year, according to Nique's information.
1316:
29:
345:
372:, begun in 1209, led to the slaughter of approximately 20,000 men, women and children, Cathar and Catholic alike. Over the course of twenty years military campaigns essentially destroyed the previously flourishing civilization of Occitania and by 1229 brought the region firmly under the control of the King of France, and the Capetian dynasty from the north of France.
328:
in
October 1205 according to Christian Nique. ("Sancha" was born in 1206 according to other accounts; in 1208 according to Mark Gregory Pegg, but February 1208 is more likely the year the couple's son was born). Sancha was betrothed to Raymond VII the son Count Raymond VI of Toulouse, not long after
399:
began on 12 September 1213. The
Aragonese forces were disorganized and disintegrated under the assault of Montfort's squadrons. Peter himself was caught in the thick of fighting, and died as a result of a courageous last stand. He was thrown to the ground and killed. The Aragonese forces broke in
324:, but Peter soon repudiated her. Marie was popularly venerated as a saint for her piety and marital suffering, but was never canonized; she died in Rome in 1213. Marie also perhaps bore Peter II a daughter, "Sancha", at
391:
in
September 1213 to confront Montfort's army. He was accompanied by Raymond of Toulouse, who tried to persuade Peter to avoid battle and instead starve out Montfort's forces. This suggestion was rejected.
407:, were defeated. The conflict culminated in the Treaty of Meaux-Paris in 1229, in which the integration of the Occitan territory into the French crown was agreed upon.
356:
was widespread in the area that is now southwestern France, but which at that time was under the control of vassal local princes, such as the Counts of
Toulouse. The
317:
1251:
785:
1512:
1507:
376:
365:
925:
707:
534:
1142:
857:
499:
1542:
560:
253:
201:
1111:
457:
1244:
1106:
778:
1200:
1458:
1290:
824:
700:
Pedro el CatĂłlico, Rey de AragĂłn y Conde de
Barcelona (1196–1213). Documentos, Testimonios y Memoria Histórica
1527:
1433:
1195:
883:
338:
1522:
1537:
1517:
1237:
1038:
771:
745:
313:
1260:
992:
741:
1090:
1069:
862:
277:
35:
360:
or
Albigenses rejected the authority and the teachings of the Catholic Church. Innocent called upon
1532:
1179:
1158:
1023:
987:
951:
1410:
1163:
1137:
997:
384:
282:
1387:
602:
1395:
1352:
1028:
941:
1502:
1497:
1362:
1332:
1305:
1033:
1002:
977:
961:
851:
734:
410:
Upon Peter's death, the kingdom passed to his only son by Marie of
Montpellier, the future
309:
297:
249:
191:
141:
77:
8:
1453:
1443:
1400:
1347:
1300:
1295:
1127:
1043:
920:
915:
834:
829:
369:
361:
1448:
1438:
1367:
1357:
1324:
1280:
1085:
1018:
982:
946:
387:, who was Peter's brother-in-law and vassal. Peter crossed the Pyrenees and arrived at
293:
289:
233:
221:
181:
49:
1272:
341:
in 1212 which marked the turning point of Muslim domination in the
Iberian peninsula.
1476:
1425:
1415:
1405:
1342:
1264:
1132:
956:
899:
755:
589:
556:
495:
477:
453:
411:
321:
261:
169:
164:
87:
1285:
808:
1468:
1377:
1372:
1064:
1059:
213:
516:
Crusade, Heresy and
Inquisition in the Lands of the Crown of Aragon (c. 1167–1276)
1315:
584:
Nique (2013). "Les deux visages de Marie de
Montpellier (1182–1213)" (in French).
404:
400:
panic when their king was slain and Montfort's crusaders won a crushing victory.
396:
353:
265:
28:
639:
229:
45:
580:(in French). Translated by Rouquette. la Société archéologique de Montpellier.
272:, "the Catholic"). He was the first king of Aragon to be crowned by the pope.
1491:
702:, 6 vols., Zaragoza, InstituciĂłn Fernando el CatĂłlico (CSIC), 2010 (on line).
716:
553:
A Most Holy War: The Albigensian Crusade and the Battle for Christendom
64:
490:
Moore, John Clare (2003). "Chapter 6: Jews and Heretics (1205–1207)".
1229:
763:
344:
325:
285:
275:
In the first decade of the thirteenth century Peter commissioned the
380:
794:
357:
269:
176:
690:
Muret 1213. La batalla decisiva de la Cruzada contra los Cátaros
433:
Muret 1213. La batalla decisiva de la cruzada contra los cátaros
257:
245:
103:
540:(in French). Académie des Sciences et Lettres de Montpellier.
388:
119:
452:, Zaragoza, Anubar (Historia de Aragón), 1987, pp. 187–188.
375:
Peter returned from Las Navas in autumn 1212 to find that
535:"Les deux visages de Marie de Montpellier (1182–1213)"
492:
Pope Innocent III (1160/61–1216): To Root Up and Plant
256:. In 1205 he acknowledged the feudal supremacy of the
308:
On 15 June 1204 Peter married (as her third husband)
709:
Les deux visages de Marie de Montpellier (1182–1213)
629:, Vol. I, ed. Spencer Tucker, (ABC-CLIO, 2010), 269.
364:
to suppress the Albigenses. Under the leadership of
348:
Engraving of a sealing of Peter II, ca 1196 to 1213
655:Raymond VI had married Eleanor, sister of Perer II
494:. The Medieval Mediterranean. Brill. p. 135.
719:: Académie des Sciences et Lettres de Montpellier
1489:
228:) (July 1178 – 12 September 1213) was the
575:
1245:
779:
474:The Spanish Empire: A Historical Encyclopedia
430:
682:, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 2002.
680:12 de Septiembre de 1213: El Jueves de Muret
578:Preface, le Liber instrumentorum memorialium
450:CreaciĂłn y desarrollo de la Corona de AragĂłn
33:The only known contemporary image of Peter,
622:
620:
618:
616:
614:
612:
528:
526:
524:
1252:
1238:
786:
772:
27:
1039:Frederick I, Duke of Athens and Neopatria
403:The nobility of Toulouse, vassals of the
993:William II, Duke of Athens and Neopatria
609:
521:
343:
156: 1204; died 1213)
1490:
1259:
858:Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Provence
793:
435:. Barcelona: Ariel. pp. 128–129.
1233:
988:Manfred, Duke of Athens and Neopatria
767:
705:
583:
532:
489:
480:and Emily Slape, (ABC-CLIO, 2016), 9.
550:
13:
692:, Ariel, Barcelona, 2008 and 2013.
14:
1554:
644:Iconographie des sceaux et bulles
59:25 April 1196 – 12 September 1213
1314:
16:King of Aragon from 1196 to 1213
1513:13th-century Aragonese monarchs
1508:12th-century Aragonese monarchs
1201:Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor
649:
632:
627:A Global Chronology of Conflict
153:
962:Ferdinand, Viscount of Aumelas
569:
544:
508:
483:
463:
442:
431:Alvira Cabrer, MartĂn (2008).
424:
1:
884:Alfonso II, Count of Provence
417:
368:a campaign was launched. The
339:Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa
239:
1143:Peter, Count of Alburquerque
130:priory of San Juan de Sijena
7:
314:William VIII of Montpellier
303:
260:and was crowned in Rome by
10:
1559:
662:
337:Peter participated in the
332:
312:, daughter and heiress of
1543:Monarchs killed in action
1467:
1424:
1386:
1323:
1312:
1271:
1209:
1188:
1172:
1151:
1120:
1099:
1091:James II, Count of Urgell
1078:
1070:Peter II, Count of Urgell
1052:
1011:
970:
934:
908:
892:
871:
863:Sancho, Count of Provence
856:Peter, Count of Cerdanya/
843:
817:
801:
752:
739:
731:
726:
706:Nique, Christian (2013),
533:Nique, Christian (2013).
278:Liber feudorum Ceritaniae
264:, swearing to defend the
197:
187:
175:
163:
135:
125:
109:
97:
93:
83:
73:
63:
55:
44:
36:Liber feudorum Ceritaniae
26:
21:
1214:also a prince of Majorca
1180:John, Prince of Asturias
1159:Charles, Prince of Viana
1024:James I, Count of Urgell
576:André Germaine (1996) .
1219:also a prince of Sicily
952:Frederick III of Sicily
670:The Albigensian Crusade
448:Antonio Ubieto Arteta,
1138:Henry, Duke of Villena
1034:Frederick IV of Sicily
998:John, Duke of Randazzo
735:Alfonso the Troubadour
698:MartĂn Alvira-Cabrer,
688:MartĂn Alvira-Cabrer,
678:MartĂn Alvira-Cabrer,
385:Raymond VI of Toulouse
349:
320:. She gave him a son,
225:
217:
347:
210:Peter II the Catholic
39:(1200-1209), pg. 64v.
1528:Lords of Montpellier
1003:James III of Majorca
668:Sumption, Jonathan.
518:, (Brill, 2010), 31.
310:Marie of Montpellier
288:for the counties of
250:Alfonso II of Aragon
192:Alfonso II of Aragon
142:Marie of Montpellier
1523:Counts of Barcelona
1388:House of Trastámara
1044:James IV of Majorca
921:James II of Majorca
756:James the Conqueror
412:James the Conqueror
370:Albigensian Crusade
362:Philip II of France
236:from 1196 to 1213.
1538:Aragonese infantes
1518:People from Huesca
1325:House of Barcelona
1196:Charles I of Spain
1086:Martin I of Sicily
983:Peter II of Sicily
795:Infantes of Aragon
746:Count of Barcelona
350:
244:Peter was born in
234:Count of Barcelona
226:Pero II o Catolico
50:Count of Barcelona
1485:
1484:
1426:House of Habsburg
1227:
1226:
957:Sancho of Majorca
762:
761:
753:Succeeded by
597:Missing or empty
514:Damian J. Smith,
478:H. Micheal Tarver
377:Simon de Montfort
366:Simon of Montfort
283:illustrated codex
268:faith (hence his
262:Pope Innocent III
254:Sancha of Castile
207:
206:
202:Sancha of Castile
170:James I of Aragon
113:12 September 1213
1550:
1469:House of Bourbon
1318:
1273:House of Jiménez
1254:
1247:
1240:
1231:
1230:
1220:
1215:
788:
781:
774:
765:
764:
750:1196–1213
732:Preceded by
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505:
501:97-8900-412-9252
487:
481:
472:, Robyn Slagle,
467:
461:
446:
440:
439:
437:5th illustration
428:
383:, exiling Count
157:
155:
116:
31:
19:
18:
1558:
1557:
1553:
1552:
1551:
1549:
1548:
1547:
1533:House of Aragon
1488:
1487:
1486:
1481:
1463:
1420:
1382:
1319:
1310:
1267:
1258:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1205:
1189:17th generation
1184:
1173:16th generation
1168:
1152:15th generation
1147:
1121:14th generation
1116:
1100:13th generation
1095:
1079:12th generation
1074:
1053:11th generation
1048:
1029:Louis of Sicily
1012:10th generation
1007:
966:
930:
904:
888:
867:
839:
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758:
749:
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488:
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470:Crown of Aragon
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429:
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420:
405:Crown of Aragon
397:Battle of Muret
354:Crown of Aragon
335:
318:Eudocia Comnena
306:
242:
218:Pere el Catòlic
159:
151:
147:
144:
131:
118:
114:
102:
48:
40:
17:
12:
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971:9th generation
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949:
944:
938:
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935:8th generation
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906:
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872:5th generation
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844:4th generation
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832:
827:
821:
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818:2nd generation
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802:1st generation
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742:King of Aragon
738:
733:
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727:Regnal titles
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640:Louis Blancard
631:
608:
568:
562:978-0195171310
561:
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482:
476:, Vol. I, ed.
462:
441:
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379:had conquered
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230:King of Aragon
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551:Pegg (2008).
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25:
20:
1411:Ferdinand II
1337:
1164:Ferdinand II
878:
740:
708:
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686:(in Spanish)
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676:(in Spanish)
669:
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115:(1213-09-12)
69:1205 in Rome
34:
1503:1213 deaths
1498:1178 births
1459:Charles III
1396:Ferdinand I
1353:Alfonso III
942:Alfonso III
717:Montpellier
582:; cited in
74:Predecessor
1492:Categories
1454:Charles II
1449:Philip III
1363:Alfonso IV
1333:Alfonso II
1306:Petronilla
978:Alfonso IV
852:Alfonso II
599:|url=
555:. Oxford.
418:References
298:Roussillon
240:Background
78:Alfonso II
65:Coronation
1477:Philip IV
1444:Philip II
1434:Charles I
1401:Alfonso V
1348:Peter III
1301:Ramiro II
1296:Alfonso I
1128:Alfonso V
916:Peter III
835:Ramiro II
830:Alfonso I
326:Collioure
286:cartulary
222:Aragonese
182:Barcelona
101:July 1178
84:Successor
1439:Philip I
1368:Peter IV
1358:James II
1338:Peter II
1281:Ramiro I
1261:Monarchs
1019:Peter IV
947:James II
879:Peter II
809:Sancho I
590:cite web
381:Toulouse
304:Marriage
294:Conflent
290:Cerdagne
266:Catholic
22:Peter II
1406:John II
1343:James I
1291:Peter I
1133:John II
900:James I
825:Peter I
672:. 2000.
663:Sources
646:, 1860.
358:Cathars
333:Warfare
270:epithet
214:Catalan
158:
150:
146:
88:James I
1416:Joanna
1378:Martin
1373:John I
1286:Sancho
1265:Aragon
1112:Martin
1065:Martin
1060:John I
926:Sancho
850:Ramon/
559:
498:
456:
296:, and
258:papacy
246:Huesca
198:Mother
188:Father
136:Spouse
126:Burial
104:Huesca
1107:Peter
713:(PDF)
638:From
538:(PDF)
389:Muret
322:James
281:, an
177:House
165:Issue
152:(
148:
120:Muret
56:Reign
603:help
557:ISBN
496:ISBN
454:ISBN
395:The
352:The
252:and
232:and
110:Died
98:Born
1263:of
316:by
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