Puppetry - Knowledge

949: 492: 2882: 809: 782: 890: 1472: 755: 863: 1030: 836: 480: 2894: 1553: 2413: 2447: 2866: 468: 2395: 583: 964: 2429: 931: 682:, unique to that country. The puppets are built out of wood and the shows are performed in a waist-high pool. A large rod under the water is used by puppeteers to support and control the puppets, creating the appearance of the puppets moving over water. The origin of this form of puppetry dates back seven hundred years when the rice fields would flood and the villagers would entertain each other. Puppet show competitions between Vietnamese villages eventually led to the creation of secretive and exclusive puppet societies. 1945: 1957: 1189:

be false as evidence emerged that shadow puppetry had remained a vigorous rural tradition in central Kerala mountains, most of Karnataka, northern Andhra Pradesh, parts of Tamil Nadu, Odisha and southern Maharashtra. The Marathi people, particularly of low caste, had preserved and vigorously performed the legends of Hindu epics as a folk tradition. The importance of Marathi artists is evidenced, states Blackburn, from the puppeteers speaking Marathi as their mother tongue in many non-Marathi speaking states of India.

1196: 948: 1317:, cloth or wood, with two hands emerging from just below the neck. The rest of the figure consists of a long, flowing skirt. These puppets are like limp dolls, but in the hands of an able puppeteer, are capable of producing a wide range of movements. The manipulation technique is simple the movements are controlled by the human hand, the first finger inserted in the head and the middle finger and the thumb in the two arms of the puppet. With the help of these three fingers, the glove puppet comes alive. 2854: 913: 2839: 2146: 3588:, South Asia Research, Volume 18, Issue 1, pages 1-11, Quote: "If performance is the cultural organisation of behaviour, it is interesting that these cultural forms vary so widely from area to area. To return to south India, tales are told and songs sung throughout the region, but the same is not true for long narrative singing (epic and the like), or for dance, or for drama; even masks, so widespread in Kerala and other parts of south India, are not significant in Tamil culture." 2138: 1614: 510: 1082: 36: 986: 522: 1969: 1724: 1374: 1696: 1711:. By 1804 the success was such that he gave up dentistry altogether and became a professional puppeteer, creating his own scenarios drawing on the concerns of his working-class audience and improvising references to the news of the day. He developed characters closer to the daily lives of his Lyon audience, first Gnafron, a wine-loving cobbler, and in 1808 Guignol. Other characters, including Guignol's wife Madelon and the 224:. Such a performance is also known as a puppet production. The script for a puppet production is called a puppet play. Puppeteers use movements from hands and arms to control devices such as rods or strings to move the body, head, limbs, and in some cases the mouth and eyes of the puppet. The puppeteer sometimes speaks in the voice of the character of the puppet, while at other times they perform to a recorded soundtrack. 301: 373: 1212: 1188:

During the 19th century and early parts of the 20th century of the colonial era, Indologists believed that shadow puppet plays had become extinct in India, though mentioned in its ancient Sanskrit texts. In the 1930s and thereafter, states Stuart Blackburn, these fears of its extinction were found to

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Puppetry is a very ancient art form, thought to have originated about 4000 years ago. Puppets have been used since the earliest times to animate and communicate the ideas and needs of human societies. Some historians claim that they pre-date actors in theatre. There is evidence that they were used in

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Throughout this period, puppetry developed separately from the emerging mainstream of actor theatres, and the 'ragged' puppeteers performed outside of theatre buildings at fairs, markets etc., continuing to be classified along with bandits and gypsies. In the 19th century, puppetry faced competition

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clay dolls, and a few of ivory, dated from around 500 BC, were found in children's tombs. These dolls had articulated arms and legs, and in some cases an iron rod extending up from the tops of their heads. This rod was used to manipulate the doll from above, as it is done today in Sicilian puppetry.

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translated as "shadows of the imagination" or "shadow of fancy", still survives. This is a shadow play with live music, "the accompaniment of drums, tambourines and flutes...also..."special effects" – smoke, fire, thunder, rattles, squeaks, thumps, and whatever else might elicit a laugh or a shudder

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performance, states Phyllis Dircks, are "translucent, lusciously multicolored leather figures four to five feet tall, and feature one or two articulated arms". The process of making the puppets is an elaborate ritual, where the artist families in India pray, go into seclusion, produce the required

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plays and focused exclusively on the puppet-only bunraku plays. Initially consisting of one puppeteer, by 1730 three puppeteers were used to operate each puppet in full view of the audience. The puppeteers, who dressed all in black, would become invisible when standing against a black background,

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wrote an essay 'On the Marionette Theatre', admiring the "lack of self-consciousness" of the puppet. Puppetry developed throughout the 20th century in a variety of ways. Supported by the parallel development of cinema, television and other filmed media it now reaches a larger audience than ever.

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India has a rich and ancient tradition of string puppets or marionettes. Marionettes with jointed limbs controlled by strings allow far greater flexibility and are therefore the most articulate of the puppets. Rajasthan, Orissa, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu are some of the regions where this form of

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David Hamilton, one of the last remaining marionette puppeteers in Australia, tours independently and formerly toured under the auspices of the Queensland Arts Council. Some of his puppets were displayed in a special puppet exhibition mounted at the Queensland Performing Arts Complex in 2018.

384:. Archaeologists have unearthed one terracotta doll with a detachable head capable of manipulation by a string dating to 2500 BC. Another figure is a terracotta monkey which could be manipulated up and down a stick, achieving minimum animation in both cases. Puppets are described in the epic 1276:

story. There are regional differences within India in the puppet arts. For example, women play a major role in shadow play theatre in most parts of India, except in Kerala and Maharashtra. Almost everywhere, except Odisha, the puppets are made from tanned deer skin, painted and articulated.

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peoples of Australia have a long tradition of oral storytelling which goes back many thousands of years. They used masks and other objects to convey deep and meaningful themes about morality and nature. Masks were carved from wood and heavily decorated with paint and feathers.

3185:"PUPPETS IN TOMB SHOW LIFE 2000 B.C.: Interesting Egyptian Discoveries Put on Exhibition at the Metropolitan Museum. LINEN 40 CENTURIES OLD Funerary Models Illustrate Daily Routine on Estate of Ancient Dignitary. Throw Light on Early Life. Linen Sheets 4,000 Years Old" 1216: 1215: 2692:

Another development, starting at the beginning of the century, was the belief that puppet theatre, despite its popular and folk roots, could speak to adult audiences with an adult, and experimental voice, and reinvigorate the high art tradition of actors' theatre.

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is the main character in the French puppet show which has come to bear his name. Although often thought of as children's entertainment, Guignol's sharp wit and linguistic verve have always been appreciated by adults as well, as shown by the motto of a prominent

491: 2817:, is a philanthropic, charitable organization created to promote and develop puppetry in the United States. It has bestowed 440 grants to innovative puppet theatre artists. Puppetry troupes in the early 21st-century such as HomeGrown Theatre in 272:. Puppetry takes many forms, but they all share the process of animating inanimate performing objects to tell a story. Puppetry occurs in almost all human societies where puppets are used for the purpose of entertainment through performance, as 4240:"Marionette puppet, 'Tintookies Little Fella Bindi', Aboriginal figure, papier mache / wood / cotton / felt / feathers / metal, designed by Colin Garland for the Marionette Theatre of Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, 1958-1977" 2551:. David Poulton toured marionette shows via the Queensland Arts Council along his 'Strings and Things' with his wife Sally for many years from the late 1970s. Gwen and Peter Iliffe also toured with Puppet People. One of their shows was 1214: 889: 1582:, hence the word "marionette" or "Mary doll. Comedy was introduced to the plays as time went by, and ultimately led to a church edict banning puppetry. Puppeteers responded by setting up stages outside cathedrals and became even more 781: 2596:(1977–2002) evolved from humble collective beginnings to a large, design-rich theatre format dubbed 'Visual Theatre', and became a hothouse for innovative projects and multimedia collaborations within Australia and around the world. 1522:

were presented using puppetry. The roots of European puppetry probably extend back to the Greek plays with puppets played to the "common people" in the 5th century BC. By the 3rd century BC these plays would appear in the Theatre of

808: 2255:, but it adapted to these challenges, for example: by developing stage acts and participating in the new forms of popular theatre, or reinventing itself in other ways and finding audiences at the newly fashionable seaside resorts. 2789:

have also continued to develop the forms and content of puppetry, so that the phrase 'puppet theatre' is no longer limited to traditional forms of marionettes, glove, or rod puppets. Directors and companies like Peter Schumann of

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There are many different varieties of puppets, and they are made of a wide range of materials, depending on their form and intended use. They can be extremely complex or very simple in their construction. The simplest puppets are

359:. In the 2010s throughout rural Africa, puppetry still performed the function of transmitting cultural values and ideas that in large African cities is increasingly undertaken by formal education, books, cinema, and television. 355:) in ritual dramas as well as in their healing and hunting ceremonies. Today, puppetry continues as a popular form, often within a ceremonial context, and as part of a wide range of folk forms including dance, storytelling, and 3454:

Lopes, Rui Oliveira. (2016) "A new light on the shadows of heavenly bodies. Indian shadow puppets: from still paintings to motion pictures". Religion and the Arts, vol. 20, no. 1-2, pp. 160-196. DOI: 10.1163/15685292-02001008

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Translucent leather puppets are typical in Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu, while opaque puppets are typical in Kerala and Odisha. The artist troupes typically carry over a hundred puppets for their performance in rural India.

862: 754: 2618:, who featured on an Australian Broadcasting Commission television program from 1 July 1959 until 9 July 1999. In every episode he would create several pictures from "squiggles" sent in by children from around the country. 2589:-based Larrikin Puppets company is one of only a few Muppet-style puppeteers actively performing in Australia. Cabaret Puppet Theatre, based in Brisbane's Redlands area, also tours with productions for children and adults. 437:

puppet shows, somewhat similar to the Japanese bunraku, occur with puppeteers working in the background or underground. Some very experienced puppeteers can manipulate their puppets to perform various stunts, for example,

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There is also a marionette theatre at Schoenbrunn Palace in Vienna founded by Christine Hierzer-Riedler and Werner Hierzer over 40 years ago. The marionette theatre performs world famous operas, musicals and fairy tales.

538:'s tradition of puppetry is thought to have come from China. The oldest historical evidence of puppetry in Korea comes from a letter written in 982 A.D. from Choe Seung-roe to the King. In Korean, the word for puppet is 2645:, their work is full of wild black humour, political and sexual satire, and a handmade aesthetic. Snuff Puppets has performed in over 15 countries, including tours to major festivals in Asia, South America and Europe. 260:

are made from a head attached to a central rod. Over the rod is a body form with arms attached controlled by separate rods. They have more movement possibilities as a consequence than a simple hand or glove puppet.

1334:(hand drum) with one hand and manipulates the puppet with the other. The delivery of the dialogue, the movement of the puppet and the beat of the dholak are well synchronised and create a dramatic atmosphere. In 4520: 2624:

is another famous Australian puppeteer. He is a past president of UNIMA Australia, former artistic director of the Marionette Theatre Company of Australia, and does shadow puppetry and writing in the field.

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became more complex and instead of just the rod and two strings, Radillo's marionettes were controlled by as many as eight strings, which increased control over the individual body parts of the marionettes.

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and is world-famous. The Salzburg Marionette Theatre still continues the tradition of presenting full-length opera using marionettes in their own purpose built theatre until recently under the direction of

1663:. The effects, and the artful and complex construction of the puppets, the puppet theatres, and the puppet narratives, were all popular, particularly in Venice. In the 19th century, the marionettes of 835: 2503:

in the Civic Hall on 28 May 1977 and subsequently toured to Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane. The musical was composed by Eric Gross with book and lyrics by Hal Saunders. The story broadly told of

656:, an elaborate form of shadow puppetry, is very popular. Javanese rod puppets have a long history and are used to tell fables from Javanese history. Another popular puppetry form in Indonesia is 1775:, both worked to promote and develop puppetry with publications of books and literature, mainly focusing on the art of the marionette. Lanchester had a touring theatre and a permanent venue in 707:. It was first recorded in 1879. It involves small carts used in puppet plays with figures made of cardboard utilized for shadow plays. In the late 1800s, another Filipino puppetry developed. 2881: 5096: 1213: 1021:, introduced this form of puppetry to India in the 1920s and his son, Ramdas Padhye, subsequently popularised ventriloquism and puppetry. Almost all types of puppets are found in India. 2738:

began to work in theatre. Craig's concept of the "übermarionette"—in which the director treats the actors like objects—has been highly influential on contemporary "object theatre" and "

1153:. Shadow puppet play is also found in pictorial traditions in India, such as temple mural painting, loose-leaf folio paintings, and the narrative paintings. Dance forms such as the 2802:

have also combined mask and puppet theatre where the performer, puppets and objects are integrated within a largely visual theatre world that minimises the use of spoken language.

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conquered Egypt in 1517. He saw shadow theatre performed during a party in his honour and he was said to be so impressed with it that he took the puppeteer back to his palace in

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was founded by Peter Wilson, Cathryn Robinson, and Beverley Campbell-Jackson in 1981, as part of an artist-in-residency program initiated by the WA Institute of Technology (now

236:, which are formed from a sock and operated by inserting one's hand inside the sock, with the opening and closing of the hand simulating the movement of the puppet's "mouth". A 721:. These puppets are made as a devotion to San Clemente and as a mockery against colonial-era land owners who discriminated Filipinos. Various traditions are connected with the 2446: 3826: 3780: 2184:

co-founded the Czech Association of Friends of Puppet Theatre and in 1912 advocated the publication of the oldest specialist puppet-theatre magazine still published today,

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as early as 2000 BCE when string-operated figures of wood were manipulated to perform the action of kneading bread. Wire controlled, articulated puppets made of clay and

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Rod puppets are an extension of glove-puppets, but are often much larger and supported and manipulated by rods from below. This form of puppetry now is found mostly in

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Sub-Saharan Africa may have inherited some of the puppet traditions of ancient Egypt. Certainly, secret societies in many African ethnic groups still use puppets (and

1428:, puppets are known to have existed much earlier than 1000 AD, but initially only glove and string puppets were popular . Other genres of puppetry emerged during the 744:, and their introduction is credited to the Minister of Royal Entertainment, U Thaw. From their inception, marionettes enjoyed great popularity in the courts of the 2757:

who were concerned with the 'object' in theatrical terms "putting it on stage and finding different ways of looking at it" (Foreman). Innovatory puppeteers such as

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on his first journey to Mexico. Europeans brought their own puppet traditions with them, but gradually distinctive styles, forms and puppet characters developed in

1385:, the Turkish Shadow Theatre, has widely influenced puppetry in the region and it is thought to have passed from China by way of India. Later, it was taken by the 1173:. In many regions, the puppet drama play is performed by itinerant artist families on temporary stages during major temple festivals. Legends from the Hindu epics 1938:. In Russia, the Central Puppet Theatre in Moscow and its branches in every part of the country enhanced the reputation of the puppeteer and puppetry in general. 2746:

frequently substituted actors for puppets, or combined the two, and conducted each performance from the edge of the stage, in some ways similar to a puppeteer.

4823: 2219:. The production has period costumes and 18th-century setting. There are numerous other companies, including Buchty a Loutky ("Cakes and Puppets"), founded by 429:(960–1279 AD), puppets played to all social classes including the courts, yet puppeteers, as in Europe, were considered to be from a lower social stratum. In 2055: 1539:

A few of these dolls had strings in place of rods. Some researchers believe these ancient figures were simply toys and not puppets, due to their small size.

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developed the political and artistic possibilities of puppet theatre in a distinctive, powerful and immediately recognizable way. At roughly the same time,

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worked on revitalising marionette theatre and puppetry in the United States. He and his wife, Cora Eisenberg, had their own marionette theatre in New York.

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During the Depression, folk puppeteers traveled with carnivals, working with their own scripts and with dioramas and marionettes of their own manufacture.

1771:. The British Puppet and Model Theatre Guild in the early 20th century instigated a resurgence of puppetry. Two of the Guild's founders, H. W. Whanslaw and 1715:

Flagéolet soon followed, but these are never much more than foils for the two heroes. Guignol's inevitable victory is always the triumph of good over evil.

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and her husband Bill Turnbull, toured Australia extensively under the auspices of the Queensland Arts Council in the 1970s and 1980s. Their shows included

1763:, figures of deep-rooted mythologies. Punch's wife was originally "Joan", but later became "Judy". In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the familiar 1009:

there are references to puppets. Another ancient reference to puppetry is found in Tamil classic ‘Silappadikaaram’ written around 1st or 2nd century B.C.

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Phillip Edmiston, who worked alongside Peter Scriven at the Marionette Theatre of Australia, went on to mount in 1977 a lavish marionette production of

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of Kerala uses leather puppets whose images are projected on a backlit screen. The shadows are used to creatively express characters and stories in the

2076: 3184: 2394: 2799: 2080: 2059: 912: 4835: 2518:. Edmiston went on to tour Queensland throughout the 1980s and 1990s with numerous productions with his new company Queensland Marionette Theatre. 2173:. The first noted Czech puppeteer was Jan Jiří Brat, who was born in 1724. He was the son of a local carpenter and created his own puppet theatre. 1822:, which automatically synchronized the pre-recorded character dialogue to the puppets' mouth movements. Anderson returned to puppetry in 1983 with 5093: 4722: 1692:, which in those days was simply the pulling of teeth. To attract patients, he started setting up a puppet show in front of his dentist's chair. 963: 4342:

Larrikin Puppets - Puppet Show | Kids Entertainment | Children’s Entertainer | Event Entertainment | Corporate Entertainment

2893: 4929: 4815: 4797: 4744: 4710: 4669: 4651: 2488: 2205:, comical father and his rascal son. In 1930, he set up the first modern professional puppet theatre. An important puppet organisation is the 740:, evolved, based on royal patronage. The probable date of the origin of Burmese marionettes is given as around 1780, during the reign of King 256:

are suspended and controlled by a number of strings, plus sometimes a central rod attached to a control bar held from above by the puppeteer.

4953: 4600: 2933: 1264:. A complete performance of the epic can take forty-one nights, while an abridged performance lasts as few as seven days. One feature of the 1471: 4766: 2363:

are two of Americas most well known puppeteers and were mainly known for their live action children's TV series in the 60s and 70s namely

1635:", or "Opera of the puppets". The "Opera dei pupi" and the Sicilian tradition of cantastorie, the word for storyteller, are rooted in the 930: 479: 2865: 1956: 3754: 1393:

by the Turkish people emigrating from Central Asia. Other scholars claim that shadow theater came to Anatolia in the 16th century from

2235: 1890:. Puppetry has also been influencing mainstream theatre, and several recent productions combine puppetry with live action, including 1872:. British puppetry now covers a wide range of styles and approaches. There are also a number of British theatre companies, including 192: 4550: 3823: 1631:. These same tales are enacted in traditional puppet theatres featuring hand-made marionettes of wood. In Sicilian this is called " 3777: 467: 2651:

In Sydney, Jeral Puppets, founded by John and Jackie Lewis in 1966, regularly performs at Puppeteria Puppet Theatre and on tour.

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There is a long tradition of puppetry in Germany and Austria. Much of it derives from the 16th-century tradition of the Italian

748:. Little has changed since the creation of the art by U Thaw, and the set of characters developed by him is still in use today. 3347: 2043:, while outwardly charming, is savagely humorous in her observations about all aspects of society and the absurdities of life. 1655:, including the marionette theatre. The rod puppet was mainly of lower-class origin, but the marionette theatre was popular in 1476: 1324:, glove puppet plays usually present social themes, whereas in Orissa such plays are based on stories of Radha and Krishna. In 521: 1047:. Carved from a single piece of wood, these puppets are like large dolls that are colourfully dressed. The string puppets of 1029: 4888: 4847: 4419: 4141: 3693: 3663: 3636: 3609: 3542: 3502: 3106: 3010: 1880:, which integrate puppetry into highly visual productions. From 1984 to 1996, puppetry was used as a vehicle for political 1452:). The dialogue takes place between the morshed and the puppets. A recent example of puppetry in Iran is the touring opera 509: 248:

puppets are familiar examples. Other hand or glove puppets are larger and require two puppeteers for each puppet. Japanese

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and on film, these inspired many imitators and are today are recognised almost everywhere (Henson also branched out into

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was the most famous 19th-century Czech puppeteer, and was responsible for communicating the ideas of national awareness.

1297:. They are carved from wood and follow the various artistic styles of a particular region. The traditional rod puppet of 5077:– Puppet collection and information and regular articles on puppets and puppetry publishing hard copy and online journal 2853: 2648:

There is an annual winter festival of puppets at the City of Melbourne's ArtPlay and at Federation Square in Melbourne.

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shadow puppet theatre dates back to the 3rd century BCE, and has attracted patronage ever since. The puppets used in a

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literally mean "shadow". The shadow theatre dance drama theatre are usually performed on platform stages attached to

5070: 5051:- Articles on puppet history, theory and contemporary international puppetry in magazine published by British UNIMA. 1944: 1918:

Many regional variants of Pulcinella were developed as the character spread across Europe. In the Netherlands it is

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objects, often resembling some type of human or animal figure, that are animated or manipulated by a human called a

2838: 1640: 1625:, the sides of donkey carts are decorated with intricate, painted scenes from the Frankish romantic poems, such as 1205: 5083: 2428: 2169:. It can be traced deep into the early part of the Middle Ages. Marionettes first appeared around the time of the 725:. Since the 20th century, multiple puppet arts have developed in the Philippines. A notable Filipino puppeteer is 689:

first developed its art of puppetry during the Spanish colonial period. The oldest known Filipino puppetry is the

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under the umbrella of his own company, Theatrestrings. With 127 marionettes, the A$ 120,000 production opened in

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culture (Central Mexico) of 600 AD made figurines with moveable arms and legs as part of their funerary rites.

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from the Chinese and passed to the Turkish peoples of Central Asia. The art of Shadow Theater was brought to

185: 2125:. The Salzburg Marionette Theatre productions are aimed for adults although children are of course welcome. 2687:

From early in the 19th century, puppetry began to inspire artists from the 'high-art' traditions. In 1810,

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Italy is considered by many to be the early home of the marionette due to the influence of Roman puppetry.

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traditions. Some scholars trace the origin of puppets to India 4000 years ago, where the main character in

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is a traditional Persian puppet show which is performed in a small chamber by a musical performer and a

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The tradition of glove puppets in India is popular in Uttar Pradesh, Orissa, West Bengal and Kerala. In

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South Asian Folklore: An Encyclopedia : Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka

2654: 4198: 3393: 1688:, Guignol's creator, fell on hard times during the French Revolution, and in 1797 started to practice 1552: 726: 2079:. It continues to this day along with an adjoining puppet museum under the grandsons of the founder, 1802: 1454: 381: 3375: 5031: 4830:. Ankara, Turkey: Theatre Department, Ankara University Faculty of Language, History and Geography. 2795: 2791: 2754: 2419: 2306: 1873: 1857: 1814: 1406: 1397:. The advocates of this view claim that shadow theatre found its way into the Ottoman palaces when 178: 69: 5044: 4100: 2723: 5005: 2604: 1776: 563: 244:

is controlled by one hand which occupies the interior of the puppet and moves the puppet around.

5090:– Information on puppet making workshops in Australia conducted by David Logan, master puppeteer 3936: 2474:

founded the Marionette Theatre of Australia and staged beautiful marionette productions such as

1606:('The Romance of the Good King Alexander'), a Flemish manuscript illuminated by the workshop of 2986: 2463: 2072: 2023:. A German dramatist, poet, painter and composer, Pocci wrote 40 puppet plays for his theatre. 1907: 1897: 1853: 582: 136: 3683: 3626: 3599: 3559: 3532: 3492: 2202: 1093:

Shadow puppets are an ancient part of India's culture and art, particularly regionally as the

5064:– Traditional Czech marionette making workshops conducted by Mirek Tretjnar, master puppeteer 3204: 2904: 2806: 2770: 2671: 2535: 2345: 2313:

was creating a type of soft, foam-rubber and cloth puppet which became known collectively as

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Middle Eastern puppetry, like its other theatre forms, is influenced by the Islamic culture.

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Puppetry is a very ancient form of theatre which was first recorded in the 5th century BC in

96: 1448:. These shows often take place alongside storytelling in traditional tea and coffee-houses ( 4169: 3227: 2621: 2360: 2181: 2170: 1849: 1841: 1660: 1043: 1010: 989: 453: 4142:

http://cejsh.icm.edu.pl/cejsh/element/bwmeta1.element.99134286-36e9-4d9d-9de7-a0e94e73a9ea

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show is that it is a team performance of puppeteers, while other shadow plays such as the

8: 2719: 2707: 2688: 2666: 2635:. In the 1960s, Hull presented a children's breakfast television programme in Australia. 2611: 1865: 1780: 1656: 1595: 1486:, historical literature and archaeological findings shows the existence of puppetry. The 1313:

Glove puppets are also known as sleeve, hand or palm puppets. The head is made of either

691: 289: 4338:"Larrikin Puppets - Puppet Show | Children's Entertainer | Kids Entertainment" 4319: 1251:

art work, then celebrate the "metaphorical birth of a puppet" with flowers and incense.

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Stuart Blackburn (2003). Peter J. Claus, Sarah Diamond and Margaret Ann Mills (ed.).

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means a "bride" or a "young woman", which was the most common form the dolls took. A

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while the torches illuminated only the carved, painted and costumed wooden puppets.

4551:"Puppetry, Pantomime, & Projections: HomeGrown Theatre's Shortcut to Spectacle" 2956: 2739: 2695: 2593: 2522: 2404: 2339: 2194:(International Puppetry Association) in 1929, and was elected its first president. 1902: 1892: 1819: 1772: 1685: 745: 399: 391: 116: 2735: 1506:

referred to pulling strings to control heads, hands and eyes, shoulders and legs.

1357:. During a performance a puppeteer will simultaneously operate a marionette of a 5100: 5087: 5074: 5061: 5048: 5035: 5022: 5009: 4857: 4521:"Horrific Puppet Affair Finds Humor in the Space Between Halloween and Christmas" 4148: 3830: 3807: 3784: 3761: 3653: 3465: 3238: 3215: 3051: 2750: 2354: 2350: 2325: 2272: 2231:

is a master puppeteer and teacher of traditional Czech marionette-making skills.

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dominate their repertoire. However, the details and the stories vary regionally.

1099: 151: 146: 77: 4257: 2062:. The company performs a large number of operas as well as a marionette ballet, 1779:, regularly taking part in the Malvern Festival and attracting the attention of 4907: 4239: 3557: 3189: 2991: 2971: 2766: 2743: 2711: 2289:. Marionette puppetry was combined with television as early as the 1940s, with 2162: 2158: 2121: 2109: 2024: 1886: 1793: 1739: 1664: 1632: 1607: 1569: 1487: 1483: 1137: 1104: 1086: 1041:

puppetry has flourished. The traditional marionettes of Rajasthan are known as

969: 679: 571: 559: 422: 421:, the "theatre of the lantern shadows", or as it is more commonly known today, 332: 265: 245: 2452:

Leslie Madeline Fleming and Bleeckie, a character from a series of web videos.

2220: 1767:

puppet show which existed in Britain was performed in an easily transportable

1432:

era (18th and 19th centuries) as influences from Turkey spread to the region.

217: 5111: 2844: 2782: 2703: 2638: 2578: 2571: 2567: 2512: 2471: 2434: 2319: 2298: 2286: 2276: 1829: 1797: 1429: 1321: 1127: 1053: 1033: 404: 395: 269: 229: 166: 3926:(online ed.). Union Internationale de la Marionnette. Retrieved 30 May 2023. 3919: 2714:

were influenced by puppetry in their crusade to regalvanise the mainstream.

2353:

also made a major contribution to adult puppetry with his satirical puppet,

1599: 1494:), which literally means "drawn by strings, string-pulling", from "νεῦρον" ( 448:

has many forms of puppetry, including the bunraku. Bunraku developed out of

5103:– Research collection of puppetry resources, part of Toronto Public Library 4698: 3431: 2900: 2818: 2786: 2731: 2632: 2615: 2508: 2400: 2330: 2302: 2215: 2186: 2104: 2099: 1877: 1535: 1437: 1162: 1018: 918: 899: 895: 876: 872: 868: 849: 841: 822: 814: 795: 787: 768: 760: 658: 652: 606: 590: 586: 452:

temple rites and gradually became a highly sophisticated form of puppetry.

426: 304: 241: 4743: 3156: 2153:

Marionette puppet theatre has had a very long history in entertainment in

2145: 2137: 1498:), meaning either "sinew, tendon, muscle, string", or "wire", and "σπάω" ( 5025:– Contains links and information about all types of puppets and puppetry. 4309:

Straker, L., "Puppets and Purchases", ABC Radio Brisbane, 20 January 2010

3586:

Looking Across the Contextual Divide: Studying Performance in South India

3407: 3325: 3015: 2966: 2961: 2937: 2822: 2715: 2364: 2314: 2290: 2264: 2198: 1861: 1712: 1613: 1579: 1350: 1286: 1181: 1154: 1122: 1005: 686: 386: 324: 257: 237: 233: 121: 3299: 936: 737: 717:

puppets, numbering more than a hundred, paraded through town during the

456:, considered by many to be Japan's greatest playwright, gave up writing 335:

and the oldest written records of puppetry can be found in the works of

16:

Form of theatre or performance that involves the manipulation of puppets

5067: 4355: 2829: 2814: 2778: 2582: 2563: 2555:

using the music of Bizet. Another successful group were Ehmer Puppets.

2310: 2252: 2248: 1824: 1748: 1704: 1636: 1574: 1232: 1150: 1081: 1066: 985: 791: 764: 439: 410: 268:. Some forms of puppetry may have originated as long ago as 3000 years 253: 111: 86: 35: 5080: 4574: 1768: 417:

China has a history of puppetry dating back 3000 years, originally in

4629: 4337: 2762: 2758: 2642: 2376: 2368: 2294: 2209:

in Prague. Its repertoire mainly features a marionette production of

2064: 2028: 1845: 1760: 1689: 1587: 1528: 1503: 1114: 1058: 1014: 993: 922: 903: 880: 853: 826: 799: 772: 741: 639: 614: 336: 308: 221: 3463: 1796:

produced many television series starring marionettes, starting with

1723: 4501: 4274:

Queensland Marionettes on Tour, Theatre Australia – April 1982, p.6

2628: 2586: 2548: 2385: 2223:. Puppets have been used extensively in animated films since 1946. 2166: 2091: 2005: 1989: 1988:. The German version of the British character of 'Punch' is called 1869: 1594:. Puppets were used at times in this form of theatre and sometimes 1565: 1561: 1524: 1417: 1402: 1390: 1373: 1260: 1175: 955: 818: 665: 627: 567: 340: 285: 2749:

Kantor influenced a new formalist generation of directors such as

2271:

also used ceremonial puppets. In 1519, two puppeteers accompanied

1695: 736:, today called Myanmar, an elaborate form of puppet shows, called 5038:– International organization of puppeteers and puppet enthusiasts 4440:

Theatre Australia (un)limited: Australian theatre since the 1950s

2926: 2727: 2500: 1676: 1518: 1398: 1386: 1382: 1362: 1358: 1354: 973: 940: 733: 675: 602: 598: 434: 277: 249: 209: 161: 49: 5054: 1568:

refer to them. The Christian church used marionettes to perform

300: 4542: 4206: 4177: 4062:

by Alice Dubská, Jan Novák, Nina Malíková a Marie Zdeňková, p.6

2981: 2941: 2922: 2872: 2825: 2810: 2293:

of the United States being a notable marionette in this field.

2210: 2154: 2047: 1881: 1622: 1583: 1335: 1330: 1325: 1290: 1158: 1142: 1132: 1048: 618: 577: 457: 449: 430: 281: 273: 213: 91: 2641:

is one of Australia's modern puppet theatre troupes. Based in

2305:

also made a major contribution. In the 1960s Peter Schumann's

2285:

Some advances in 20th-century puppetry have originated in the

1789:, was written for and first performed in 1949 by the company. 1651:

The 18th century was a vital period in the development of all

1272:

of Indonesia are performed by a single puppeteer for the same

4080: 3561:

Gender, Genre, and Power in South Asian Expressive Traditions

3055: 3025: 2191: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1743:

puppetry traces its roots to the 16th century to the Italian

1512: 1507: 1394: 1298: 1293:. The traditional rod puppet form of West Bengal is known as 1003:

has a long tradition of puppetry. In the ancient Indian epic

1000: 623: 535: 445: 352: 328: 320: 316: 131: 126: 106: 101: 4729:. London: New Burlington Books, Quintet Publishing Limited. 4136:

Pavel Jirásek, "Josef Skupa: The Birth of a Modern Artist",

3558:

Arjun Appadurai; Frank J. Korom; Margaret Ann Mills (1991).

1913: 232:, which are tiny puppets that fit onto a single finger, and 5015: 4512: 3464:

Claus, Peter J.; Sarah Diamond; Margaret Ann Mills (2003).

2381: 1681: 1475:

Ancient Greek terracotta puppet dolls, 5th/4th century BC,

1425: 845: 647: 643: 356: 288:, and as a catalyst for social and psychological change in 5041: 4897: 4385: 3362:"The Angono's Higantes Festival for San Clemente – ICHCAP" 2665:). The company's first project was a puppet adaptation of 1482:

Although there are few remaining examples of puppets from

4914:. Richmond, Victoria, Australia: Richard Lee Publishing. 3376:"All dolled up as giant puppets | the Straits Times" 1962:

Puppet theater with Gioppino and Brighella, Bergamo Italy

503:, a shadow puppet tradition in the southern part of India 372: 5002: 4601:"What Is Puppet Festival Mississauga? | Crane Creations" 4138:

Theatralia: Revue současného myšlení o divadelní kultuře

5028: 4883:. Brisbane, QLD, Australia: Brisbane Dramatic Arts Co. 4028:"Über uns | Marionettentheater Schloss Schönbrunn" 3628:

American Puppetry: Collections, History and Performance

3526: 3524: 3522: 3520: 3518: 3516: 3514: 2543:. Bilbar Puppet Theatre's puppets are now held at the 2234:

In 2016, Czech and Slovak Puppetry was included on the

2027:

has made a considerable impact with his marionettes in

4958:

Theatre of the Impossible: puppet theatre in Australia

4482:

Experimental Theatre, from Stanislavsky to Peter Brook

3564:. University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 379–391. 1747:. The character of "Punch" derives from the character 1412:

In other areas, the style of shadow puppetry known as

921:, a puppet-shadow play of Java, Bali, and Lombok from 327:

also describe "walking statues" being used in ancient

1812:. Many of these series (the most famous of which was 1684:

troupe: "Guignol amuses children… and witty adults".

1556:

Illuminated border depicting a puppet show, 1338–1344

954:

Hun krabok, puppets handled by three performers from

4412:

The World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre: Asia

3511: 2706:'s insistence on realism. Other pioneers, including 2607:

in the late 1990s, but has since been discontinued.

2574:

television programs throughout the 1980s and 1990s.

2317:. Initially, through the children's television show 1223:

Ramayana legend, with audience response (45 seconds)

1073:, combine the techniques of rod and string puppets. 40:

Gioppino and Brighella puppet show in Bergamo, Italy

4952: 4928: 4747:; Jan Novak; Nina Malikova; Marie Zdenkova (2006). 4465:/John Bell/Chapter 6/Detroit Institute of Art/2000 3432:"Centre for Cultural Resources and Training (CCRT)" 2726:and others wrote puppet plays, and artists such as 1510:'s work also contains references to puppetry. The 515:Sanbaso bunraku puppet, Tonda Puppet Troupe, Japan 19:"Puppet show" redirects here. For other uses, see 5012:– Puppetry Museum and Theater in Atlanta, GA, US. 4414:. Vol. 5. Taylor & Francis. p. 84. 3624: 3412:Centre for Cultural Resources and Training (CCRT) 3320: 3318: 3058:, Japan - an example of Japanese bunraku puppetry 2800:In the Heart of the Beast Puppet and Mask Theatre 212:or performance that involves the manipulation of 5109: 4650: 4575:"Festivals and Annual Events in Zagreb, Croatia" 4463:Strings, Hands, Shadows: A Modern Puppet History 3677: 3675: 3530: 3121:Strings, Hands, Shadows: A Modern Puppet History 2921:(PIF) has taken place annually in mid-September 1013:, a form of string puppet performance native to 4802:The Radio Years of Bergen and McCarthy (Thesis) 4437: 4320:"Puppet People | Tony Gould Gallery, QPAC" 3824:List of Ancient Greek words related to puppetry 3050:in a performance by the Tonda Puppet Troupe of 2765:, Joan Baixas, Sergei Obratsov, Philipe Genty, 1727:British puppet theatre (Punch and Judy style), 1490:word translated as "puppet" is "νευρόσπαστος" ( 3618: 3394:"National Commission for Culture and the Arts" 3315: 3306: 2132: 1840:Current British puppetry theatres include the 1338:, the traditional glove puppet play is called 4898:Robinson, Stuart; Patricia Robertson (1967). 4864:. Leichhardt, NSW, Australia: Ansay Pty Ltd. 4296:Uhlmann, L., "Bernie Ehmer's Backyard Shed", 3672: 3123:, John Bell, Detroit Institute of Art, 2000, 2384:. His voice and manipulation was provided by 1590:. Out of this grew the Italian comedy called 186: 4976:"Wayland Flowers Dies: Ventriloquist Was 48" 3138: 3136: 3116: 3114: 3093: 3091: 3089: 3087: 3085: 3083: 3081: 3079: 3077: 3075: 638:is a strong tradition of puppetry native to 331:religious dramas. Puppetry was practiced in 4727:An Introduction to Puppets and Puppetmaking 4567: 4555:Boise City Department of Arts & History 3277: 3268: 2566:was famous for his Muppet-style character, 2201:created his most famous puppet characters: 2012:all composed adult operas for marionettes. 4938:. New York: Harper & Row, Publishers. 4814:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 4717:. The Korean Books Publishing Company Ltd. 4683:. Detroit, USA: Detroit Institute of Art. 4668:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 4409: 4283:"Stutter leads to lifetime with puppets", 3681: 3597: 3537:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 543–544. 3490: 3470:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 108–110. 3261: 3259: 1578:originates from the little figures of the 1466: 193: 179: 34: 4159:Puppets in Prague, www.puppetsinprague.eu 4055: 4053: 4051: 4049: 4047: 4045: 4043: 4041: 3961: 3959: 3957: 3876: 3874: 3651: 3297: 3293: 3291: 3289: 3133: 3111: 3072: 2631:also made a contribution with his puppet 2507:'s South Sea Island voyage with botanist 2236:UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists 2227:was an acknowledged leader in this area. 1914:Netherlands, Denmark, Romania, and Russia 1643:, in the first half of the 13th century. 1405:where his 21-year -old son, later Sultan 1353:has produced a form of puppetry known as 939:puppets, depicting royal patronage, from 589:Show, There are three main components of 4906: 4107:(in Czech). Česká divadelní encyklopedie 3283:Ghosh, Massey, and Banerjee, pages 15–16 2859:Puppet theatre in Moscow, Russia in 1958 2144: 2136: 1864:, Wales, and the Biggar Puppet Theatre, 1722: 1707:, a character borrowed from the Italian 1694: 1612: 1551: 1470: 1372: 1080: 1028: 984: 672:, a popular form of rod puppet theatre. 581: 371: 323:have also been found in Egyptian tombs. 299: 4960:. Roseville, N.S.W: Craftsman's House. 4856: 4834: 4721: 3256: 2190:. Veselý played a key role in founding 1974:Traditional puppets from Liège, Belgium 1165:, and in some regions these are called 5110: 5068:British Puppet and Model Theatre Guild 5029:Union Internationale de la Marionnette 4787: 4697: 4548: 4484:/James Roose-Evans, 1970 Studio Vista 4227:The Radio Years of Bergen and McCarthy 4038: 3954: 3871: 3833:, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, 3810:, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, 3787:, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, 3764:, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, 3655:Puppets, Masks, and Performing Objects 3340:"| Cultural Center of the Philippines" 3286: 2599:A post-graduate course existed at the 2521:Bilbar Puppet Theatre, established by 2119:and a small number of ballets such as 1979: 1602:(shown right) illustrates fol. 54v of 1477:National Archaeological Museum, Athens 1409:, developed an interest in the plays. 414:elaborate on puppetry in some detail. 380:There is evidence for puppetry in the 4878: 4796: 4765: 4628: 4621: 4518: 4433: 4431: 3685:Acting: An International Encyclopedia 3601:Acting: An International Encyclopedia 3494:Acting: An International Encyclopedia 3467:South Asian folklore: an encyclopedia 3274:Ghosh, Massey, and Banerjee, pp.14–15 3182: 3011:List of highest grossing puppet films 2936:has taken place annually in March in 2380:films, notably with the character of 473:Chinese shadow puppet (Beijing style) 4709: 4676: 4598: 3265:Ghosh, Massey, and Banerjee, page 14 3178: 3176: 3028:– International Puppetry Association 2247:from other forms of theatre such as 2107:. It performs mainly operas such as 4902:. London: Mills & Boon Limited. 4773:. Montreal, Canada: Galerie Amrad. 4373:The Complete Book of Puppet Theatre 4015:The Complete Book of Puppet Theatre 3924:World Encyclopedia of Puppetry Arts 3497:. ABC-CLIO. pp. 152, 179–180. 3300:"A Study of the Korean Puppet Play" 3021:State Puppet Theatre of Fairy Tales 2682: 2374:Puppets also have been used in the 13: 4822: 4428: 4199:"Puppetry in Slovakia and Czechia" 3424: 1194: 527:The character Osono from the play 343:, dating from the 5th century BC. 14: 5129: 4995: 4715:A Study of the Korean Puppet Play 4656:Marionettes: A Hobby for Everyone 3895:Marionettes: A Hobby for Everyone 3173: 2761:, Waldo Lanchester, John Wright, 2545:Queensland Performing Arts Centre 2098:was founded in 1913 by Professor 1884:in the British television series 1659:circles, as a celebration of the 553: 5094:Marguerite G. Bagshaw Collection 4680:Shadows: A Modern Puppet History 3906:Suib, Leonard Broadman, Muriel, 2892: 2880: 2864: 2852: 2837: 2445: 2427: 2411: 2393: 2258: 1967: 1955: 1943: 1718: 1641:Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor 1639:, in Sicily during the reign of 1377:Karagöz, Turkish shadow puppetry 1231:Problems playing this file? See 1210: 972:, a unique art originating from 962: 947: 929: 911: 888: 861: 834: 807: 780: 753: 520: 508: 490: 478: 466: 307:Performance (3D Wooden Puppet), 252:puppets are an example of this. 4804:. The Margaret Herrick Library. 4705:. London: Studio Vista Limited. 4605:Crane Creations Theatre Company 4599:Jong, Eugenia De (2022-12-07). 4592: 4494: 4475: 4456: 4403: 4378: 4366: 4348: 4330: 4312: 4303: 4290: 4277: 4268: 4250: 4232: 4219: 4191: 4162: 4153: 4130: 4118: 4093: 4065: 4020: 4008: 3996: 3984: 3972: 3929: 3913: 3900: 3887: 3853: 3840: 3817: 3794: 3771: 3748: 3727: 3714: 3702: 3658:. MIT Press. pp. 146–147. 3645: 3591: 3578: 3551: 3484: 3457: 3448: 3400: 3386: 3368: 3354: 3332: 3044: 2663:Curtin University of Technology 2614:was famous for his marionette, 2562:Comedian and radio broadcaster 2241: 2197:In 1920 and 1926 respectively, 1992:of Kaspar while Judy is called 1950:Polichinelle caricature, France 1755:. He is a manifestation of the 1604:Li romans du boin roi Alixandre 1572:. It is believed that the word 898:(Shadow Puppet) Princess Tari, 376:The Ganesh: a puppet from Nepal 4842:. London: Dover Publications. 4519:Berry, Harrison (2017-12-12). 3735:The History of Theater in Iran 3688:. ABC-CLIO. pp. 335–336. 3243: 3220: 3197: 3149: 2422:Museum in Glover, Vermont, USA 2157:, and elsewhere in the former 1818:) employed a technique called 1637:Provençal troubadour tradition 1345: 1: 4840:The Complete Book of Puppetry 4751:. Prague: Theatre Institute. 4549:Burton, Brooke (2017-12-20). 4258:"Phillip Edmiston collection" 4170:"Slovakia and Czech Puppetry" 4140:18/2 (2015): 174 ; online at 3937:"Collezione Maria Signorelli" 3101:, Thames & Hudson, 2005. 3065: 3006:The Little Marionette Company 2919:International Puppet Festival 2887:Two 20th-century hand puppets 2601:Victorian College of the Arts 2333:through the formation of his 1728: 1240:According to Beth Osnes, the 5003:The Center for Puppetry Arts 4003:The Complete Book of Puppets 3941:Collezionemariasignorelli.it 2659:Fremantle, Western Australia 2457: 2337:, as showcased in his films 2141:Marionette Theatre in Prague 1783:. One of Shaw's last plays, 1368: 367: 21:Puppet show (disambiguation) 7: 4073:"History of Czech Puppetry" 2999: 2934:Puppet Festival Mississauga 2809:, founded by puppeteer and 2470:In Australia in the 1960s, 2207:National Marionette Theatre 2133:Czech Republic and Slovakia 2096:Salzburg Marionette Theatre 2073:Augsburg Marionette Theatre 2052:the Lindau Marionette Opera 1548:Middle Ages and Renaissance 634:, "the holder of strings". 10: 5134: 4932:; Muriel Broadman (1975). 3631:. McFarland. p. 110. 3625:Phyllis T. Dircks (2004). 3183:Times, NY (Dec 15, 1920). 2655:Spare Parts Puppet Theatre 2570:, who featured on several 2071:In Augsburg, the historic 1751:, which was Anglicized to 1036:(String puppets of Odisha) 678:developed the art form of 622:theater was influenced by 575: 557: 295: 18: 4956:; Helen Rickards (1989). 3893:Beaton, Mabel & Les, 3604:. ABC-CLIO. p. 335. 3584:Stuart Blackburn (1998), 3344:www.culturalcenter.gov.ph 2912: 2149:Puppet Theatre in Ostrava 2021:Munich Marionette Theatre 1803:The Adventures of Twizzle 1703:His first shows featured 1671: 1502:), meaning "draw, pull". 1461: 844:(Shadow Puppet) Princess 382:Indus Valley civilization 346: 55: 45: 33: 28: 4438:Milne, Geoffery (2004). 4356:"Cabaret Puppet Theatre" 3037: 2947: 2796:Horse and Bamboo Theatre 2792:Bread and Puppet Theatre 2702:('puppetness'), despite 2698:explored the concept of 2577:Formally trained in the 2420:Bread and Puppet Theater 2307:Bread and Puppet Theater 1874:Horse and Bamboo Theatre 1858:Harlequin Puppet Theatre 1737:The traditional British 1542: 1407:Suleyman the Magnificent 1328:, the puppeteer plays a 1057:. The string puppets of 980: 548:kkoktugakshi puppet play 529:Hade Sugata Onna Maiginu 284:in celebrations such as 4828:Tradition Folk The Site 4442:. Rodopi. p. 358. 4005:by David Currell, p. 14 3981:/John Mullholland, p.10 3835:A Greek-English Lexicon 3812:A Greek-English Lexicon 3789:A Greek-English Lexicon 3766:A Greek-English Lexicon 3710:Tradition Folk The Site 3708:Mutlu, Hayali Mustafa, 3161:Encyclopedia Britannica 2798:, and Sandy Speiler of 2605:University of Melbourne 2585:, Brett Hansen and his 2581:by puppeteers from the 2090:Much earlier in nearby 2075:was founded in 1943 by 2054:was founded in 2000 by 1777:Malvern, Worcestershire 1647:18th and 19th centuries 1617:Sicilian puppet theatre 1610:between 1338 and 1344. 1467:Ancient Greece and Rome 1206:A shadow play in Kerala 727:Amelia Lapeña Bonifacio 564:Arts in the Philippines 362: 5081:Cabaret Puppet Theatre 4375:by David Currell, p.50 4360:Cabaret Puppet Theatre 4262:Cabaret Puppet Theatre 4244:Collection.maas.museum 4127:/John Mulholland, p.19 4017:by David Currell, p.12 2987:Russian puppet theater 2150: 2142: 1908:English National Opera 1898:Royal National Theatre 1854:Norwich Puppet Theatre 1734: 1700: 1618: 1557: 1534:In ancient Greece and 1479: 1378: 1199: 1090: 1037: 997: 610: 497:Hanuman and Ravana in 423:Chinese shadow theatre 377: 311: 137:Professional wrestling 5016:The Puppetry Homepage 4912:The Puppetry Handbook 4879:Logan, David (2007). 4862:The First Puppet Book 4824:Hayali, Mustafa Mutlu 4792:. Saudi Aramco World. 4788:Feeney, John (1999). 4654:; Les Beaton (1948). 4634:The Art of the Puppet 4298:Redland City Bulletin 4032:Marionettentheater.at 3993:/John Mulholland, p.9 2807:Jim Henson Foundation 2771:Dattatreya Aralikatte 2610:Australian puppeteer 2536:Bastien and Bastienne 2148: 2140: 1726: 1698: 1616: 1555: 1474: 1376: 1198: 1084: 1032: 988: 585: 576:Further information: 485:Chinese stick puppets 375: 303: 4935:Marionettes Onstage! 4749:Czech Puppet Theatre 4506:Hensonfoundation.org 4285:Sunshine Coast Daily 4060:Czech Puppet Theatre 3908:Marionettes Onstage! 3099:Puppetry and Puppets 3097:Blumenthal, Eileen, 2938:Mississauga, Ontario 2847:Skullies from Scarey 2622:Richard Bradshaw OAM 2361:Sid and Marty Krofft 1850:Puppet Theatre Barge 1842:Little Angel Theatre 1661:Age of Enlightenment 1365:(long-necked lute). 454:Chikamatsu Monzaemon 4677:Bell, John (2000). 4410:Rubin, Don (1998). 4105:encyklopedie.idu.cz 3682:Beth Osnes (2001). 3598:Beth Osnes (2001). 3491:Beth Osnes (2001). 3382:. 18 November 2019. 2871:Performance of the 2708:Edward Gordon Craig 2689:Heinrich von Kleist 2667:Christopher Marlowe 2612:Norman Hetherington 2497:The Grand Adventure 2203:Spejbl and Hurvínek 2056:Bernard Leismueller 1980:Germany and Austria 1866:Biggar, Lanarkshire 1792:From 1957 to 1969, 1781:George Bernard Shaw 1421:from his audience" 1119:charma bahuli natya 630:plays was known as 290:transformative arts 5099:2018-12-28 at the 5086:2019-04-17 at the 5073:2018-11-11 at the 5060:2017-11-24 at the 5047:2020-02-01 at the 5034:2016-09-10 at the 5021:2019-02-08 at the 5008:2021-01-26 at the 4982:. October 12, 1988 4980:The New York Times 4900:Exploring Puppetry 4771:Emotions in Motion 4622:Books and articles 4180:. 17 November 2016 4147:2020-02-15 at the 4125:Practical Puppetry 4101:"Veselý, Jindřich" 3991:Practical Puppetry 3979:Practical Puppetry 3848:Practical Puppetry 3846:Mulholland, John, 3829:2021-03-08 at the 3806:2021-03-08 at the 3783:2021-03-08 at the 3760:2021-03-08 at the 3722:Saudi Aramco World 3652:John Bell (1999). 3237:2022-07-20 at the 3214:2022-07-20 at the 3144:Emotions in Motion 3032:World Puppetry Day 2775:The Little Players 2583:Jim Henson Company 2505:Captain James Cook 2480:Little Fella Bindi 2151: 2143: 1986:commedia dell'arte 1809:The Secret Service 1786:Shakes versus Shav 1745:commedia dell'arte 1735: 1709:commedia dell'arte 1701: 1628:The Song of Roland 1619: 1592:Commedia dell'arte 1558: 1480: 1399:Yavuz Sultan Selim 1379: 1200: 1091: 1038: 998: 611: 550:has eight scenes. 378: 357:masked performance 312: 157:Street performance 5055:Puppets in Prague 4890:978-0-9804563-0-1 4849:978-0-486-40952-8 4421:978-0-415-05933-6 3695:978-0-87436-795-9 3665:978-0-262-52293-9 3638:978-0-7864-1896-1 3611:978-0-87436-795-9 3544:978-0-415-93919-5 3504:978-0-87436-795-9 3380:The Straits Times 3107:978-0-500-51226-5 2677:Festival of Perth 2533:, Mozart's opera 2229:Miroslav Trejtnar 2171:Thirty Years' War 2085:Juergen Marschall 2031:. His characters 2017:Count Franz Pocci 1934:; and in Romania 1455:Rostam and Sohrab 1434:Kheimeh Shab-Bazi 1266:tholu pava koothu 1256:tholu pava koothu 1218: 1110:Togalu gombeyaata 719:Higantes Festival 500:Togalu Gombeyaata 402:. Works like the 203: 202: 63: 62: 5125: 4990: 4988: 4987: 4971: 4949: 4925: 4903: 4894: 4875: 4858:Lindsay, Hilarie 4853: 4831: 4819: 4813: 4805: 4793: 4784: 4762: 4740: 4718: 4706: 4694: 4673: 4667: 4659: 4647: 4615: 4614: 4612: 4611: 4596: 4590: 4589: 4587: 4585: 4571: 4565: 4564: 4562: 4561: 4546: 4540: 4539: 4537: 4536: 4527:. Archived from 4516: 4510: 4509: 4498: 4492: 4479: 4473: 4460: 4454: 4453: 4435: 4426: 4425: 4407: 4401: 4400: 4398: 4396: 4382: 4376: 4370: 4364: 4363: 4352: 4346: 4345: 4334: 4328: 4327: 4316: 4310: 4307: 4301: 4294: 4288: 4287:, 10 August 2013 4281: 4275: 4272: 4266: 4265: 4254: 4248: 4247: 4236: 4230: 4223: 4217: 4216: 4214: 4213: 4195: 4189: 4188: 4186: 4185: 4166: 4160: 4157: 4151: 4134: 4128: 4122: 4116: 4115: 4113: 4112: 4097: 4091: 4090: 4088: 4087: 4069: 4063: 4057: 4036: 4035: 4024: 4018: 4012: 4006: 4000: 3994: 3988: 3982: 3976: 3970: 3963: 3952: 3951: 3949: 3947: 3933: 3927: 3920:"Jehan de Grise" 3917: 3911: 3904: 3898: 3891: 3885: 3878: 3869: 3868: 3857: 3851: 3844: 3838: 3821: 3815: 3798: 3792: 3775: 3769: 3752: 3746: 3731: 3725: 3724:(article), 1999. 3718: 3712: 3706: 3700: 3699: 3679: 3670: 3669: 3649: 3643: 3642: 3622: 3616: 3615: 3595: 3589: 3582: 3576: 3575: 3555: 3549: 3548: 3528: 3509: 3508: 3488: 3482: 3481: 3461: 3455: 3452: 3446: 3445: 3443: 3442: 3436:Ccrtindia.gov.in 3428: 3422: 3421: 3419: 3418: 3408:"Puppet Forms –" 3404: 3398: 3397: 3390: 3384: 3383: 3372: 3366: 3365: 3358: 3352: 3351: 3346:. Archived from 3336: 3330: 3329: 3328:. 22 April 2016. 3322: 3313: 3310: 3304: 3303: 3295: 3284: 3281: 3275: 3272: 3266: 3263: 3254: 3247: 3241: 3224: 3218: 3201: 3195: 3194: 3180: 3171: 3170: 3168: 3167: 3153: 3147: 3140: 3131: 3118: 3109: 3095: 3059: 3048: 2957:Digital puppetry 2896: 2884: 2868: 2856: 2841: 2740:physical theatre 2696:Sergei Obraztsov 2683:Contemporary era 2594:Handspan Theatre 2523:Barbara Turnbull 2489:The Water Babies 2449: 2431: 2415: 2405:Charlie McCarthy 2397: 2340:The Dark Crystal 2269:Native Americans 2161:and then in the 2077:Walter Oehmichen 2039:are well-known. 1971: 1959: 1947: 1828:and the unaired 1820:Supermarionation 1806:and ending with 1773:Waldo Lanchester 1733: 1730: 1686:Laurent Mourguet 1361:while playing a 1220: 1219: 1197: 966: 951: 933: 915: 892: 871:(Shadow Puppet) 865: 838: 817:(Shadow Puppet) 811: 790:(Shadow Puppet) 784: 763:(Shadow Puppet) 757: 746:Konbaung dynasty 695:, also known as 642:, especially in 524: 512: 494: 482: 470: 400:Edicts of Ashoka 392:Tamil literature 195: 188: 181: 65: 64: 38: 26: 25: 5133: 5132: 5128: 5127: 5126: 5124: 5123: 5122: 5108: 5107: 5106: 5101:Wayback Machine 5088:Wayback Machine 5075:Wayback Machine 5062:Wayback Machine 5049:Wayback Machine 5042:Puppet Notebook 5036:Wayback Machine 5023:Wayback Machine 5010:Wayback Machine 4998: 4993: 4985: 4983: 4974: 4968: 4946: 4922: 4908:Sinclair, Anita 4891: 4872: 4850: 4836:Latshaw, George 4807: 4806: 4781: 4759: 4737: 4691: 4661: 4660: 4644: 4624: 4619: 4618: 4609: 4607: 4597: 4593: 4583: 4581: 4573: 4572: 4568: 4559: 4557: 4547: 4543: 4534: 4532: 4517: 4513: 4500: 4499: 4495: 4480: 4476: 4461: 4457: 4450: 4436: 4429: 4422: 4408: 4404: 4394: 4392: 4384: 4383: 4379: 4371: 4367: 4354: 4353: 4349: 4336: 4335: 4331: 4318: 4317: 4313: 4308: 4304: 4295: 4291: 4282: 4278: 4273: 4269: 4256: 4255: 4251: 4238: 4237: 4233: 4225:Funni, Arthur, 4224: 4220: 4211: 4209: 4197: 4196: 4192: 4183: 4181: 4168: 4167: 4163: 4158: 4154: 4149:Wayback Machine 4135: 4131: 4123: 4119: 4110: 4108: 4099: 4098: 4094: 4085: 4083: 4071: 4070: 4066: 4058: 4039: 4026: 4025: 4021: 4013: 4009: 4001: 3997: 3989: 3985: 3977: 3973: 3965:Binyon, Helen, 3964: 3955: 3945: 3943: 3935: 3934: 3930: 3918: 3914: 3905: 3901: 3892: 3888: 3880:Binyon, Helen, 3879: 3872: 3859: 3858: 3854: 3845: 3841: 3831:Wayback Machine 3822: 3818: 3808:Wayback Machine 3799: 3795: 3785:Wayback Machine 3776: 3772: 3762:Wayback Machine 3753: 3749: 3733:Floor, Willem, 3732: 3728: 3719: 3715: 3707: 3703: 3696: 3680: 3673: 3666: 3650: 3646: 3639: 3623: 3619: 3612: 3596: 3592: 3583: 3579: 3572: 3556: 3552: 3545: 3529: 3512: 3505: 3489: 3485: 3478: 3462: 3458: 3453: 3449: 3440: 3438: 3430: 3429: 3425: 3416: 3414: 3406: 3405: 3401: 3392: 3391: 3387: 3374: 3373: 3369: 3360: 3359: 3355: 3338: 3337: 3333: 3324: 3323: 3316: 3311: 3307: 3298:Sang-su, Choe. 3296: 3287: 3282: 3278: 3273: 3269: 3264: 3257: 3248: 3244: 3239:Wayback Machine 3225: 3221: 3216:Wayback Machine 3202: 3198: 3181: 3174: 3165: 3163: 3155: 3154: 3150: 3141: 3134: 3119: 3112: 3096: 3073: 3068: 3063: 3062: 3049: 3045: 3040: 3002: 2967:Shadow puppetry 2950: 2915: 2908: 2897: 2888: 2885: 2876: 2869: 2860: 2857: 2848: 2842: 2794:, Bob Frith of 2751:Richard Foreman 2685: 2527:The Lucky Charm 2460: 2453: 2450: 2441: 2432: 2423: 2418:Puppets in the 2416: 2407: 2403:and his puppet 2398: 2351:Wayland Flowers 2326:The Muppet Show 2323:, and later in 2273:Hernando Cortez 2261: 2244: 2182:Jindřich Veselý 2135: 2116:The Magic Flute 2094:, Austria, the 2081:Klaus Marschall 2060:Ralf Hechelmann 1982: 1975: 1972: 1963: 1960: 1951: 1948: 1916: 1903:Madam Butterfly 1757:Lord of Misrule 1731: 1721: 1699:Guignol de Lyon 1674: 1653:Italian theatre 1545: 1469: 1464: 1371: 1348: 1248:tholu bommalata 1243:tholu bommalata 1238: 1237: 1229: 1227: 1226: 1225: 1224: 1221: 1211: 1208: 1201: 1195: 1147:thol bommalatta 1100:Tholu bommalata 1065:. Puppets from 992:Puppeteer from 983: 976: 967: 958: 952: 943: 934: 925: 916: 907: 893: 884: 866: 857: 839: 830: 812: 803: 785: 776: 758: 593:show including 580: 574: 558:Main articles: 556: 531: 525: 516: 513: 504: 495: 486: 483: 474: 471: 370: 365: 349: 298: 199: 152:Stand-up comedy 78:Performing arts 56:Originating era 41: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 5131: 5121: 5120: 5105: 5104: 5091: 5078: 5065: 5052: 5039: 5026: 5013: 4999: 4997: 4996:External links 4994: 4992: 4991: 4972: 4966: 4950: 4944: 4926: 4920: 4904: 4895: 4889: 4876: 4870: 4854: 4848: 4832: 4820: 4794: 4785: 4779: 4763: 4757: 4741: 4735: 4723:Currell, David 4719: 4707: 4703:Puppetry Today 4695: 4689: 4674: 4648: 4642: 4625: 4623: 4620: 4617: 4616: 4591: 4566: 4541: 4511: 4493: 4474: 4455: 4448: 4427: 4420: 4402: 4390:Puppeteria.com 4377: 4365: 4347: 4329: 4311: 4302: 4289: 4276: 4267: 4249: 4231: 4218: 4190: 4161: 4152: 4129: 4117: 4092: 4064: 4037: 4019: 4007: 3995: 3983: 3971: 3967:Puppetry Today 3953: 3928: 3912: 3899: 3886: 3882:Puppetry Today 3870: 3852: 3839: 3816: 3793: 3770: 3747: 3726: 3720:Feeney, John, 3713: 3701: 3694: 3671: 3664: 3644: 3637: 3617: 3610: 3590: 3577: 3570: 3550: 3543: 3510: 3503: 3483: 3476: 3456: 3447: 3423: 3399: 3385: 3367: 3353: 3350:on 2020-07-10. 3331: 3314: 3305: 3285: 3276: 3267: 3255: 3249:Logan, David, 3242: 3219: 3196: 3190:New York Times 3172: 3148: 3132: 3110: 3070: 3069: 3067: 3064: 3061: 3060: 3042: 3041: 3039: 3036: 3035: 3034: 3029: 3023: 3018: 3013: 3008: 3001: 2998: 2997: 2996: 2995: 2994: 2992:Glove puppetry 2989: 2984: 2976: 2975: 2974: 2972:Water puppetry 2969: 2964: 2959: 2949: 2946: 2929:. since 1968. 2914: 2911: 2910: 2909: 2898: 2891: 2889: 2886: 2879: 2877: 2875:Puppet Theatre 2870: 2863: 2861: 2858: 2851: 2849: 2843: 2836: 2828:tradition for 2767:Peter Schumann 2744:Tadeusz Kantor 2712:Erwin Piscator 2684: 2681: 2672:Doctor Faustus 2592:In Melbourne, 2476:The Tintookies 2459: 2456: 2455: 2454: 2451: 2444: 2442: 2433: 2426: 2424: 2417: 2410: 2408: 2399: 2392: 2260: 2257: 2243: 2240: 2163:Czech Republic 2159:Czechoslovakia 2134: 2131: 2122:The Nutcracker 2110:Die Fledermaus 2025:Albrecht Roser 1981: 1978: 1977: 1976: 1973: 1966: 1964: 1961: 1954: 1952: 1949: 1942: 1926:); in Denmark 1915: 1912: 1887:Spitting Image 1794:Gerry Anderson 1765:Punch and Judy 1740:Punch and Judy 1720: 1717: 1673: 1670: 1665:Pietro Radillo 1649: 1648: 1633:Opera dei pupi 1608:Jehan de Grise 1570:morality plays 1550: 1549: 1544: 1541: 1484:ancient Greece 1468: 1465: 1463: 1460: 1414:khayal al-zill 1370: 1367: 1347: 1344: 1311: 1310: 1283: 1282: 1228: 1222: 1209: 1204: 1203: 1202: 1193: 1192: 1191: 1138:Tholpavakoothu 1105:Andhra Pradesh 1087:Tholpavakoothu 1079: 1078: 1077:Shadow Puppets 1027: 1026: 1025:String puppets 982: 979: 978: 977: 970:Water puppetry 968: 961: 959: 953: 946: 944: 935: 928: 926: 917: 910: 908: 894: 887: 885: 867: 860: 858: 840: 833: 831: 813: 806: 804: 786: 779: 777: 759: 752: 680:water puppetry 572:Vietnamese art 560:Indonesian art 555: 554:Southeast Asia 552: 533: 532: 526: 519: 517: 514: 507: 505: 496: 489: 487: 484: 477: 475: 472: 465: 369: 366: 364: 361: 348: 345: 333:ancient Greece 297: 294: 280:, as symbolic 266:Ancient Greece 246:Punch and Judy 230:finger puppets 201: 200: 198: 197: 190: 183: 175: 172: 171: 170: 169: 164: 159: 154: 149: 144: 139: 134: 129: 124: 119: 114: 109: 104: 99: 94: 89: 81: 80: 74: 73: 61: 60: 57: 53: 52: 47: 43: 42: 39: 31: 30: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5130: 5119: 5116: 5115: 5113: 5102: 5098: 5095: 5092: 5089: 5085: 5082: 5079: 5076: 5072: 5069: 5066: 5063: 5059: 5056: 5053: 5050: 5046: 5043: 5040: 5037: 5033: 5030: 5027: 5024: 5020: 5017: 5014: 5011: 5007: 5004: 5001: 5000: 4981: 4977: 4973: 4969: 4967:0-947131-21-3 4963: 4959: 4955: 4951: 4947: 4945:0-06-014166-2 4941: 4937: 4936: 4931: 4930:Suib, Leonard 4927: 4923: 4921:0-646-39063-5 4917: 4913: 4909: 4905: 4901: 4896: 4892: 4886: 4882: 4877: 4873: 4867: 4863: 4859: 4855: 4851: 4845: 4841: 4837: 4833: 4829: 4825: 4821: 4817: 4811: 4803: 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