412:. Cao Cao subsequently partitioned Xiangyang (襄陽) and Nanxiang (南鄉) commanderies from the two he controlled – Nanyang and Nan. The commanderies in Jingzhou were thus split between the three contending warlords: Nan, Lingling and Wuling to Liu Bei; Jiangxia, Guiyang and Changsha to Sun Quan; Nanyang, Xiangyang and Nanxiang to Cao Cao. It was believed that the term "Nine Commanderies of Jing and Xiang" (荊襄九郡) originated from the division of Jingzhou between the three powers, since each controlled three commanderies, making nine in total.
1124:
482:), Xiangyang (襄陽), Nanxiang (南鄉), Xincheng (新城), Shangyong (上庸) and Weixing (魏興) – under its jurisdiction. On the other hand, the Wu-governed Jingzhou had its administrative centre in Jiangling (江陵), Nan Commandery, with 11 commanderies – Nan (南), Jiangxia (江夏; south of the Yangtze River), Changsha (長沙), Xiangdong (湘東), Guiyang (桂陽), Linhe (臨賀), Lingling (零陵), Hengyang (衡陽), Wuling (武陵), Jianping (建平) and Yidu (宜都) – under its charge.
25:
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362:– Nanyang (南陽; present-day southwestern Henan), Nan (南; present-day western Hubei), Jiangxia (江夏; present-day eastern Hubei), Changsha (長沙; present-day northeastern Hunan), Guiyang (桂陽; present-day southeastern Hunan), Wuling (武陵; present-day northwestern Hunan) and Lingling (零陵; present-day southwestern Hunan) – under its jurisdiction.
325:(206 BCE – 9 CE), China was divided into 13 administrative divisions (excluding the area under the central government's control), each governed by an Inspector (刺史). Jingzhou was one of the 13, and its land area was one of the largest, covering roughly the modern provinces of
404:
in the winter of 208/209, Cao Cao managed to retain only
Nanyang and Nan commanderies in northern Jingzhou, while central and southern Jingzhou was divided between the warlords
291:(281–247 BCE) was "Zichu" (子楚; lit. "son of Chu") because his adoptive mother, Lady Huayang, was from Chu. Chu was conquered by Qin in 223 BCE in the final stages of the
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in Hubei. The city of
Jingzhou was also known as Nan commandery (南郡), Jiangling commandery (江陵郡), Jiangling prefecture (江陵府), and Jingzhou prefecture (荊州府).
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dynasty (479–502) changed
Jingzhou's capital to Nan commandery and made Xiangyang (renamed to Ningman prefecture 寧蠻府) the capital of another province,
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549:). The Northern Wei dynasty also established an administrative division called East Jingzhou (東荊州), with its capital in Ciyang (泚陽).
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province at its north frontier. However, Jingzhou did not have a provincial capital and was only an administrative division in name.
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period (420-589), China was further divided into many administrative divisions so the land area in each division was reduced. The
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system and replaced it with prefectures and counties as administrative divisions. However, Emperor Wen's successor,
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545:), with eight commanderies under its charge. The capital was later moved to Shanbei (山北; present-day
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430:(or Battle of Yiling) of 221–222, which concluded with Liu Bei being defeated by Sun Quan's general
86:
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438:(founded by Liu Bei) had never laid claims on Jingzhou; Jingzhou was divided between the states of
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were still active in southern
Jingzhou, the capital was moved north to Xiangyang (襄陽; present-day
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537:(386–535) set up an administrative division called Jingzhou in Rang (穰; present-day
470:(229–280). The provincial capital of the Wei-controlled Jingzhou was in Xinye (新野),
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This article is about the ancient administrative division. For the modern city, see
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489:(266-316), Jingzhou's capital was designated in Xiangyang (襄陽; present-day
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352:(25–220 CE), Jingzhou officially became an administrative division. The
517:(420-479) established Jingzhou's capital in Xiangyang (襄陽; present-day
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Jingzhou became an administrative division during the reign of
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of ancient China referenced in early
Chinese texts such as the
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period (220-280), Jingzhou was split between the states of
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Liu Biao died in 208 and was succeeded by his younger son,
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became the
Governor (州牧) of Jingzhou during the reign of
275:, the areas that would form Jingzhou in a later era. The
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283:") and used its synonym "Jing" (荊) instead to avoid a
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1786:
420:attacked and seized Liu Bei's lands in Jingzhou
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617:(於是南郡、零陵、武陵以西為蜀，江夏、桂陽、長沙三郡為吳，南陽、襄陽、南鄉三郡為魏。)
51:introducing citations to additional sources
478:– Nanyang (南陽), Jiangxia (江夏; north of the
307:Map of Chinese provinces in the prelude of
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1034:
668:
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313:(In the late Eastern Han dynasty, 189 CE).
344:From 188 CE onwards, during the reign of
242:, after which it referred to the city of
1128:Han provinces and commanderies in 219 CE
676:Chinese provinces before the Qin dynasty
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41:Relevant discussion may be found on the
422:, which were defended by Liu's general
279:dropped the name "Chu" (楚) (literally "
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505:Southern and Northern Dynasties period
497:) and it governed 23 commanderies and
381:, Hunan). However, as remnants of the
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454:Three Kingdoms period and Jin dynasty
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358:mentioned that Jingzhou had seven
14:
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585:, but rather, the modern city of
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426:. This triggered the subsequent
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511:Southern and Northern Dynasties
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226:(r. 141–87 BCE) in the
62:"Jingzhou" ancient China
400:in the same year. After the
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1800:Former prefectures of China
878:Nine Provinces mentioned in
815:Nine Provinces mentioned in
752:Nine Provinces mentioned in
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434:. Since then, the state of
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118:. For other uses, see
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261:Warring States period
754:"Explaining Earth",
547:Lushan County, Henan
535:Northern Wei dynasty
402:Battle of Red Cliffs
383:Yellow Turban rebels
47:improve this article
557:In 583, during the
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228:Western Han dynasty
880:"Initial Survey",
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1237:Yan Province
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1290:Xu Province
1179:Ji Province
1136:Yu Province
1065:Han dynasty
635:Book of Jin
575:Qin dynasty
563:Emperor Wen
561:(589–618),
559:Sui dynasty
553:Sui dynasty
527:Southern Qi
509:During the
458:During the
355:Book of Han
299:Han dynasty
281:chaste tree
255:Pre-Qin era
240:Sui dynasty
1789:Categories
1692:Youbeiping
605:References
567:commandery
389:, Hubei).
319:Emperor Wu
238:until the
224:Emperor Wu
73:newspapers
1772:Full list
1672:Guangyang
1606:Dingxiang
1586:Shangdang
1510:Yongchang
1313:Guangling
1308:Pengcheng
1202:Zhongshan
1197:Changshan
1144:Yingchuan
1114:Youfufeng
1109:Zuopingyi
1057:Provinces
519:Xiangyang
491:Xiangyang
387:Xiangyang
277:Qin state
265:Chu state
103:June 2021
43:talk page
1702:Liaodong
1629:Shuofang
1601:Yunzhong
1568:Dunhuang
1543:Jincheng
1480:Guanghan
1470:Hanzhong
1427:Jiujiang
1409:Changsha
1394:Lingling
1389:Jiangxia
1341:Pingyuan
1275:Shanyang
1260:Rencheng
1255:Dongping
1104:Jingzhao
1099:Hongnong
1068:(140 AD)
621:vol. 15.
593:See also
587:Jingzhou
539:Dengzhou
531:Yongzhou
406:Sun Quan
394:Liu Cong
367:Liu Biao
244:Jingzhou
191:Jingzhou
174:Jīngzhōu
128:Jingzhou
116:Jingzhou
1755:Jiuzhen
1750:Jiaozhi
1682:Shanggu
1591:Taiyuan
1563:Jiuquan
1558:Zhangye
1533:Hanyang
1490:Jianwei
1452:Yuzhang
1437:Lujiang
1432:Danyang
1399:Guiyang
1379:Nanyang
1356:Donglai
1318:Linhuai
1298:Donghai
1265:Taishan
1245:Chenliu
1063:of the
953:'s time
640:Jin Shu
632:et al.
619:Jin Shu
599:Huguang
525:). The
485:In the
424:Guan Yu
417:Lü Meng
410:Liu Bei
398:Cao Cao
379:Changde
365:Before
348:in the
335:Nanyang
321:in the
311:period.
259:In the
250:History
138:Chinese
87:scholar
1735:Cangwu
1730:Nanhai
1712:Lelang
1707:Xuantu
1697:Liaoxi
1687:Yuyang
1634:Wuyuan
1611:Yanmen
1548:Anding
1528:Longxi
1505:Yizhou
1495:Zangke
1442:Kuaiji
1404:Wuling
1351:Beihai
1303:Langya
1222:Handan
1217:Qinghe
1212:Hejian
1094:Hedong
499:states
448:Cao Pi
432:Lu Xun
263:, the
213:, and
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82:
75:
68:
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1760:Rinan
1740:Yulin
1649:Beidi
1639:Shang
1553:Wuwei
1500:Yuexi
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1336:Jinan
1280:Jiyin
1270:Jibei
1227:Bohai
1207:Xindu
1154:Liang
1149:Runan
1089:Henei
1084:Henan
995:Liang
738:Liang
583:Hunan
579:Hubei
543:Henan
523:Hubei
495:Hubei
339:Henan
331:Hunan
327:Hubei
273:Hunan
269:Hubei
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232:Hubei
94:JSTOR
80:books
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234:and
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66:news
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