863:— the latter was a practitioner of prophecy, being able to see a messianic figure arrive in Jerusalem despite living far from the city; the brother-in-law claims to have inquired into the figure and discovered the Besht's vision to be true. This claim also supports the supposed belief that the Besht had the ability to see the souls of men, divining the messianic quality of the man despite only seeing him through a vision. Rosman also describes another letter written by the brother-in-law which claims that the Besht could travel to heaven and commune with God. This view is derived from a series of titles given to the Besht, attributing various religious achievements to him such as understanding the mysteries of God. Similarly, Rosman—though now citing the writings of a Polish rabbi—says that it was believed the Besht was a great medical practitioner with vast knowledge regarding salves, balms, and similar medicants. Some aspects of his medical practice are said to have been mystic in nature, though the degree to which this is the case is not agreed upon. Some claim that the Besht could only heal others through prayer and similar acts: recitation of holy words. In other works, he is said to have fewer limitations on his supposed ability, allowing for more mystic methods to be practised.
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clearly to recognize himself as a manifestation of God." Mysticism, he said, is not the
Kabbalah, which everyone may learn; but that sense of true oneness, which is usually as strange, unintelligible, and incomprehensible to mankind as dancing is to a dove. However, the man who is capable of this feeling is endowed with a genuine intuition, and it is the perception of such a man which is called prophecy, according to the degree of his insight. From this it results, in the first place, that the ideal man may lay claim to authority equal, in a certain sense, to the authority of the Prophets. This focus on oneness and personal revelation help earn his mystical interpretation of Judaism the title of
984:, but the spirit of its practice. His teachings being the result of a deep, religious temperament, he stressed the spirit. Though he considered the Law to be holy and inviolable, and he emphasized the importance of Torah-study, he held that one's entire life should be a service of God. Hasidic legend tells of a woman whom her relatives sought to kill on account of her shameful life, but who was saved in body and soul by Besht. The story is said to be characteristic of Besht's activity in healing those in need of relief. More important to him than prayer was a friendly relationship with sinners. Unselfishness and high-minded benevolence are a motif in the legends about him.
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856:("adhesion"), meaning that his soul had reached the high level where he could "ascend" to heaven and speak with any soul in heaven that he wished to speak to (though his only recorded choice was of the Messiah, and only once), and intervene between humans and God. He had the ability to protect the Jewish community from plague and persecution. He did this through prayer.
1101:, and the king gave him the daughter of the viceroy in marriage. But being mindful of his duty as a Jew and as he was already married, he married the princess only in name. After being questioned for a long time as to his strange conduct, he confessed to the princess that he was a Jew, who loaded him with costly presents and helped him escape to his own country.
1093:, and sold as a slave to a prince. On account of his wisdom, he found favor with the prince, who gave him to the king to be his minister. During an expedition undertaken by the king, when other counsel failed, and all were disheartened, Eliezer's advice was accepted; and the result was a successful battle of decisive importance. Eliezer was made a
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educational needs of the children living in small farm communities. If a suitable teacher could not be sourced they themselves would provide one, and therefore the Baal Shem Tov became a teacher's assistant. He later commented "The most joyous time in my life was teaching the small children how to say Modeh Ani, Shema
Yisrael and Kametz Alef Ah".
842:. Once the Polish Magnates regained control from the Turks, Podolia went through an economic boom. The Magnates were benevolent to the economic benefits the Jews provided, and encouraged Jewish resettlement to help protect the frontier from future invasions. Thus, the Jewish community itself was essentially starting over.
793:). Most are found in the works of Rabbi Jacob Joseph of Polnoy. But since Hasidism, immediately after the death of its founder, was divided into various parties, each claiming for itself the authority of Besht, the utmost of caution is necessary for judging as to the authenticity of utterances ascribed to Besht.
708:.) After the mass conversion of the Frankists, the Baal Shem Tov allegedly said that as long as a diseased limb is connected with the body, there is hope that it may be saved; but, once amputated, it is gone, and there is no hope. It is alleged that he died out of grief that the Frankists left Judaism.
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A thief once tried to break into a house, the owner of which, crying out, frightened the thief away. The same thief soon afterward broke into the house of a very strong man, who, on seeing him enter, kept quite still. When the thief had come near enough, the man caught him and put him in prison, thus
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The
Righteous, or Tzaddik, is he who lives up to the precepts of Hasidism in the highest measure attainable, and is on account of it nearer and dearer to God than any one else . The function of the Tzaddik is to serve as mediator between God and the common people . The Tzaddik enables man to attain
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Rabbi Jacob Joseph quotes over eight hundred teachings of his Master the Besht, in his books. In some rare quotes, Rabbi Jacob Joseph states that he's not sure if these particular quotes are the 'exact' words of the Baal Shem Tov. This seems to shows that all other quotes he repeats, are the 'exact
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The later developments of
Hasidism are unintelligible without consideration of Besht's opinion concerning man's proper relation with the universe. True worship of God consists of the cleaving to, and the unification with, God. To use his own words, "the ideal of man is to be a revelation himself,
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of the small villages through which they passed. He later related that he took great pleasure in accompanying the children to and from school, using this opportunity to recite prayers with them and tell them Torah stories. The
Mezritcher Maggid, the Baal Shem Tov's successor, would later say, "If
987:
Besht's methods of teaching differed from those of his opponents. He directed many satirical remarks at them, a characteristic one being his designation of the typical
Talmudist of his day as "a man who through a sheer study of the Law has no time to think about God". Besht is reported to have
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The Besht became the leader of this movement at the age of 18. Caring for the Jewish poor, the group of
Tzadikim encouraged Jews to move to agrarian lifestyles as alternatives to the chronic poverty of city Jews. In continuation of this policy, they decided that they needed to look after the
318:, "dvekut", which is infused in every human activity and every waking hour. Prayer is of supreme importance, along with the mystical significance of Hebrew letters and words. His innovation lies in "encouraging worshippers to follow their distracting thoughts to their roots in the divine."
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words' he heard from his master. We therefore essentially have a full book of reliable authentic teachings of the Baal Shem Tov, relayed meticulously in the 'exact words' as heard directly from his mouth. This is the most powerful direct historical evidence of the Besht.
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is still alive today … Every time you experience a worry or doubt about how God is running the world—that's Amalek launching an attack against your soul. We must wipe Amalek out of our hearts whenever—and wherever—he attacks so that we can serve God with complete
1116:): 'Thou art my servant, O Israel, in whom I will be glorified.'" Eliezer and his wife Sarah, however, reached old age childless and had given up all hope of ever having a child. But when they were nearly a hundred years old, the promised son (Besht) was born.
948:, Besht said, "The righteous can vivify by his faith." Besht's followers enlarged upon this idea and consistently deduced from it the source of divine mercy, of blessings, of life; and that therefore, if one loves him, one may partake of God's mercy.
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In
Hasidic tradition, there's a saying, "Someone who believes in all the stories of the Baal Shem Tov and the other mystics and holy men is a fool; someone who looks at any single story and says, 'That one could not be true' is a heretic."
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archives. The Besht's house is mentioned on several tax registers where it is recorded as having tax-free status. Several of the Besht's colleagues in his stories from
Shivhei HaBesht also appear in Polish court records, notably,
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is said to have appeared to
Eliezer and said: "On account of thy piety and steadfastness, thou wilt have a son who will lighten the eyes of all Israel; and Israel shall be his name because in him shall be fulfilled the verse
2357:(annotated English translation with an introduction on the history and impact of this work and the controversy it evoked in the battle between Hasidism and its opponents), Kehot, Brooklyn NY 1998. Full text provided online
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It may be said of Hasidism that there is no other Jewish sect in which the founder is as important as his doctrines. Besht himself is still the real center for the Hasidim; his teachings have almost sunk into oblivion. As
1067:, who was the son-in-law of Alexander Shoḥat, who had acted for several years as the Besht's scribe. The collection was copied many times and over time it became filled with errors. It was printed with the title,
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that the latter promised the Besht his daughter Chana in marriage. The man died, however, without telling his daughter of her betrothal; but when she heard of her father's wishes, she agreed to comply with them.
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1719:: "The Baal Shem Tov, himself, the father of the Hasidic movement, was said to be a medicine man, an herbalist, and shaman of sorts, who would go around with his enchanted pipe, providing healing to people."
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Besht held a firm conviction that God had entrusted him with a special mission to spread his doctrines. He believed that he had heavenly visions revealing this mission to him. For him, every intuition was a
1074:
This edition, printed in Kopys (Kapust) in 1814, contains 230 stories grouped by common themes, characters, and motifs. Two editions also appeared in Yiddish that differ markedly from the Hebrew edition.
642:(a work of halachic responsa) and other works) and Isaac Dov Margalios. Later he won over recognized rabbinic authorities who became his disciples and attested to his scholarship. These include Rabbi
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A second and more important result of the doctrine is that through his oneness with God, man forms a connecting link between the Creator and creation. Thus, slightly modifying the Bible verse,
1695:"(Yisra’el ben Eli‘ezer, 'the Besht'; ca. 1700–1760), healer, miracle worker, and religious mystic... founder of the modern Hasidic movement... in the 1730s, Yisra’el began using the title
800:
Some other direct historical evidence remains of the Besht during the days he lived in Medzhybizh. Rosman discovered numerous legal documents that shed light on this period from the Polish
812:
and Dovid Purkes. Rosman contends that the Polish documents show the Besht and his followers were not outcasts or pariahs, but rather a respected part of mainstream Jewish communal life.
673:). Later Hasidic tradition, however, downplayed the importance of these healing and magical practices, concentrating on his teachings, his charm, magnetism, and ecstatic personality.
626:. His following gradually increased and with it the hostility of the Talmudists. The Besht was supported at the beginning of his career by two prominent Talmudists, the brothers Meïr (
555:, which his wife delivered to surrounding villages. The couple had two children: Udl (born in 1720) and Zvi Hersh. A maternal great-grandson of Baal Shem Tov and his wife was Reb
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of Baal Shem Tov, and the Baal Shem Tov's synagogue in the village proper has been painstakingly restored. Both synagogues are used by the many visitors from all over the world.
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In the 19th century several further collections of legends about the Ba’al Shem Tov, and his followers appeared, in Hebrew and Yiddish, some of which repeated stories found in
823:, owned by the Agudas Chabad Library in New York) with his handwritten personal notes in the margins. His grave can be seen today in the old Jewish cemetery in Medzhybizh.
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who also added analytical introductions, notes of sources and cross-references, commentaries, supplements and indices, and were published by the Chabad publishing house
2134:
1703:(... meaning that he was a 'master of God’s name,' which he could manipulate for theurgic purposes), denoting his skills as a healer—one Polish source refers to him as
1707:—and his general qualifications as a shaman, a figure who could mediate between this world and the divine spheres in an effort to help people solve their... problems."
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the number of legends that are told relating to the Ba'al Shem Tov have 'distorted his historical character.' An anthology of legends about him was first compiled by
1917:
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is of the existence of superior individuals whose spiritual qualities are greater than those of other human beings and who are outstanding in their higher level of
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after Dov Baer's death. It was published by Israel Jaffe who rewrote the first chapter and removed what he considered to be the distortions caused by copyists.
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595:, which he soon gave up in order to manage a village tavern that his brother-in-law bought for him. His first appearance in public was that of an ordinary
666:). It is chiefly due to the latter that Besht's doctrines (though in an essentially altered form) were introduced into learned Jewish religious circles.
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to perfect purity of soul and to every earthly and heavenly blessing. The Tzaddik ought to be revered and looked up to as God's messenger and favorite.
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1677:"Hasidism or Hasidic Judaism was ostensibly founded by an 18th-century CE itinerant mystic and faith-healer who came to be called the Baal Shem Tov"
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Massacres. A Turkish occupation of Podolia occurred within the Besht's lifetime and along with it the influence within this frontier territory of
2066:, Kopys, 1814, and frequently republished, and traditions recorded in the works of various Hasidic dynasties — especially by the leaders of the
1002:, and divine messages were daily occurrences. An example of the power of his spiritual vision is found at the beginning of his grandson's work,
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as a Baal Shem, Besht, considering his following large enough and his authority established, decided about 1740 to expound his teachings in the
1031:. Secondly, they should not be told only after but at any time. And lastly, telling these stories not only ensures livelihood, but serves as a
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only we kissed a Torah scroll with the same love that my master kissed the children when he took them to cheder as a teacher's assistant!"
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are anthologies and have been reprinted numerous times. Both texts have now appeared in annotated editions with corrections of the texts. (
588:
972:," p. 4) observes: "To the Hasidim, Baal-Shem ... was the incarnation of a theory, and his whole life the revelation of a system."
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may not be genuine. Therefore, the most reliable record of his teachings is in his utterances as recorded in the works of his disciples (
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ensures one’s livelihood. First of all, these stories are not to be limited to the Baal Shem Tov, but should include tales of all our
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2118:, a two-volume anthology of his teachings compiled from over 200 Hasidic texts, and constituting the most comprehensive collection.
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Chapin and Weinstock contend that the Besht was essentially the right person, in the right place, at the right time. 18th century
392:(Jewish elementary school), he would often wander into the fields and forests that surrounded the village. In 1710, he finished
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and people, mostly from the spiritual elite, came to listen to him. Medzhybizh became the seat of the movement and of the
1921:
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Chapin, David A. and Weinstock, Ben, The Road from Letichev: The history and culture of a forgotten Jewish community in
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was an ideal place to foster a sea-change in Jewish thinking. It had been depopulated one generation earlier due to the
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Comparative Perspectives on Judaisms and Jewish Identities, Stephen Sharot, Wayne State University Press, 2011, p. 59
1664:"Israel ben Eliezer Baal Shem-Tov (1700–1760), the founder of Hasidism, was in fact a faith healer and amulet writer"
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The Baal Shem Tov directly imparted his teachings to his students, some of whom founded their own Hasidic dynasties.
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which means "wiped out, over and finished". He considered the noodles a symbol marking the beginning of a new week.
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would appear to him. In 1716 the Baal Shem Tov married, but soon his wife died and he went on travelling throughout
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The little biographical information about the Baal Shem Tov comes from oral traditions handed down by his students (
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to ensure we receive an abundance of blessings relating to our children, good health and success in our livelihood
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Gravestone of the Baal Shem Tov in Medzhybizh (before restoration in 2006–2008), inscribed רבי ישראל בעל שם טוב
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often mistaken for the Baal Shem Tov is really a portrait of Hayyim Samuel Jacob Falk, who was known as the
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Israel undertook journeys in which he is recorded as effecting cures and expelling demons and evil spirits (
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62:
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Jewish Soul Food: Traditional Fare and What it Means, Carol Ungar, Brandeis University Press, 2005, p. 25
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The Besht: Magician, Mystic, and Leader, Immanuel Etke, UPNE, 2012 - Biography & Autobiography, p. 95
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The most characteristic trait of the Hasidim became their boundless veneration of " holy" Tzaddiks.
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1470: One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
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One legend tells that his father, Eliezer, was seized during an attack, carried from his home in
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was destroyed by the Nazis and a replica was later built on the site as a museum (photo c. 1915).
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684:) in Ukraine, including the Baal Shem Tov's. A guesthouse and synagogue are located next to the
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New guesthouse and synagogue next to Ohel of Baal Shem Tov (work in progress); August 4, 2008
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According to a letter from the Besht's brother-in-law to the Besht himself—as interpreted by
1907:, by Simon Dubnow, Jewish Publication Society of America, 1916, p. 231, Retrieved 8/13/2024.
1893:, by Simon Dubnow, Jewish Publication Society of America, 1916, p. 227, Retrieved 8/13/2024.
1517:, by Simon Dubnow, Jewish Publication Society of America, 1916, p. 224, Retrieved 8/13/2024.
406:). In 1711 at the age of 13/14 he entered the "Chaburas Machane Yisroel", a group of hidden
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2171:(The Tauber Institute Series for the Study of European Jewry) Hardcover – December 21, 2004
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1234:), brother-in-law of The Baal Shem Tov (1701–1761); descendant (possibly the grandson) of
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The "Agudas Ohalei Tzadikim" organization (based in Israel) has restored many graves of
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According to Hasidic legend, the Baal Shem Tov would have visions in which the prophet
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The world makes three errors by thinking that telling stories of the Baal Shem Tov on
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https://www.tabletmag.com/sections/news/articles/psychedelic-summit-madison-margolin
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2031:"The Fearless Flyers Release New Single, "The Baal Shem Tov" Featuring Joey Dosik"
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The Besht took sides with the Talmudists in their disputes against the Frankists (
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and others) and from the legendary tales about his life and behavior collected in
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Keter Shem Tov, an anthology of his teachings, compiled mainly from the works of
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ENCYCLOPAEDIA JUDAICA, Second Edition, Volume 10, p. 744, Haim Hillel Ben-Sasson]
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released an instrumental single named "The Baal Shem Tov" in honor of the rabbi.
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Yisroel (Israel) was born to poor parents Eliezer and Sarah in a settlement near
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A central tenet in the Baal Shem Tov's teaching is the direct connection with
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In 1703, Israel became an orphan, and was adopted by the Jewish community of
1879:
ENCYCLOPAEDIA JUDAICA, Second Edition, Volume 10, p. 746, Avraham Rubinstein
1840:
1503:, Yitzhak Buxbaum. New York: Continuum International Publishing Group, 2006.
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He was chosen by people conducting suits against each other to act as their
443:. After serving for a long time as a helper in various small communities of
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1614:"לקוטי דבורים - חלק ג - שניאורסון, יוסף יצחק, 1880-1950 (Page 43 of 405)"
1589:"לקוטי דבורים - חלק ג - שניאורסון, יוסף יצחק, 1880-1950 (Page 42 of 405)"
1568:"לקוטי דבורים – חלק ג – שניאורסון, יוסף יצחק, 1880–1950 (page 39 of 405)"
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who lived in Israel, asking him why he was not in Israel that particular
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386:). It is reported that, after the conclusion of his studies at the local
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On the opposite side of the coin, the Baal Shem Tov warned the Hasidim:
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whose paternal ancestry came from (according to Hasidic tradition), the
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1758 Polish tax census of Medzhybizh showing "Baal Shem" in house #95
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2101:, guidelines, doctrines and instructions for religio-ethical conduct
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2411:— The Testament of Rabbi Israel Baal Shem Tov translated to English
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The Path of the Baal Shem Tov: Early Chasidic Teachings and Customs
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Baal Shem Tov’s shul reconstructed (as a museum); August 4, 2008
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Tzava’at Harivash — The Testament of Rabbi Israel Baal Shem Tov
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Founder of Hasidism: a quest for the historical Ba'al Shem Tov
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only a few of these stories can actually be regarded as true.
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illustrated his views of asceticism by the following parable:
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288:, one reputed to work miracles using the secret name of God.
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2004, second print 2008.) These new editions were edited by
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and his latter day spiritual descendants such as Malach and
2319:
Rosman, Moshe, "Miedzyboz and Rabbi Israel Baal Shem Tov",
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After their marriage, the couple moved to a village in the
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ov, which means "good Master of the Name," that is, a good
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Beit Hatfutsot: Heroes - Trailblazers of the Jewish People
1875:
1873:
1411:(2003) , Peter Roach; James Hartmann; Jane Setter (eds.),
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and some of which contained new stories. According to the
650:; Rabbi Dovid Halperin, rabbi of Ostroha; Rabbi Israel of
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in Poland. He is said to have made such an impression on
237:
222:
205:
2323:, Vol. 52, No. 2, 1987, p. 177-89. Reprinted within
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1944:, Second Edition, Volume 10, p. 747, Avraham Rubinstein
1870:
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https://yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/baal_shem_tov
1529:, Second Edition, Volume 10, p. 743, Avraham Rubinstein
1371:
https://yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Baal_Shem_Tov
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and prescribed cures, functioning as a type of shaman.
1388:"The Baal Shem Tov—A Brief Biography – Jewish History"
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from the Babylonian Exilarchs (during the era of the
547:, where their only income was from his work digging
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depriving him of all opportunity to do further harm.
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The Besht was a mystic who claimed to have achieved
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Map of the Baal Shem Tov and his disciple’s travels
2367:, 3 volumes, Kehot, Brooklyn NY 1990 (2nd ed. 1995)
211:
202:
1539:The brilliance of the Baal Shem Tov now in English
658:; Rabbi Yoseph Heilperin of Slosowitz; and Rabbi
2509:
2464:Grave of the Baal Shem Tov in Medzhibozh (video)
1920:. Meaningfullife.com. 2000-07-23. Archived from
1006:, where he writes that his grandfather wrote to
700:'s cultist movement which regarded Frank as the
2386:Reaches of Heaven: A Story of the Baal Shem Tov
2001:
1639:The Maharal of Prague's Descent from King David
492:), the successor of Rabbi Eliyahu Baal Shem of
2058:The chief source for the Besht's biography is
896:thought to have been dug by the Baal Shem Tov.
427:He was hired as a teacher's assistant in the
264:and healer who is regarded as the founder of
27:Polish founder of Hasidic Judaism (1698–1760)
1853:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1825:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
2543:18th-century rabbis from the Ottoman Empire
1560:
1475:
1196:, the sandal-maker and master in the Talmud
1192:(1704–1772) traced to King David by way of
876:because the word was similar to the world
781:commentary on Psalm 107, ascribed to him (
777:Israel ben Eliezer left no books; for the
2459:History of Jewish Community in Medzhibozh
2434:Thirty Six Aphorisms of the Baal Shem Tov
2164:, Bloomsbury Academic, NY, 2005 (420 pp).
1415:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
1381:
1379:
2481:
1904:History of the Jews in Russia and Poland
1890:History of the Jews in Russia and Poland
1771:
1514:History of the Jews in Russia and Poland
1271:
928:
887:
819:includes the Besht's daily prayer-book (
768:
757:
745:
737:
2200:Gesch. des Judenthums und Seiner Sekten
2169:The Besht: Magician, Mystic, and Leader
2095:The works of Rabbi Dov Ber of Mezeritch
1656:Medicine and the German Jews: A History
1501:The Light and Fire of the Baal Shem Tov
14:
2510:
2028:
1674:https://www.worldhistory.org/Kabbalah/
1376:
2092:) — a collection of Hasidic doctrines
1461:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1407:
1294:
1140:Ohel of Baal Shem Tov; August 4, 2008
787:Sefer mi-Rabbi Yisrael Baal Shem-tov,
692:Disputes with the Frankists and death
583:The Besht later took a position as a
1820:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1435:
1433:
1431:
2493:Baal Shem Tov Foundation Story Room
2445:Video Lecture on the Ba'al Shem Tov
2314:Founder of Hasidism by Moshe Rosman
2154:Light and Fire of the Baal Shem Tov
1481:"BA'AL SHEM-ṬOB, ISRAEL B. ELIEZER"
1385:
1373:: "His wife, Ḥanah, was a divorcée"
1310:'s song Baal Shem Tov on the album
1299:In 2019, the American funk quartet
1157:
975:
501:
489:
473:
414:. Sometime in 1712 Israel became a
253:
178:(1698 – 22 May 1760), known as the
24:
2503:Baal Shem Tov Foundation — Library
2133:1975, fifth revised edition 1998;
2053:
1641:, by Chaim Freedman, published in
1268:Confusion with Baal Shem of London
341:, a newly built fortress close to
25:
2579:
2392:
2029:Deflin, Kendall (25 April 2019).
1479:; et al., eds. (1901–1906).
1428:
883:
750:The Baal Shem Tov's synagogue in
84:, Kingdom of Poland (now Ukraine)
1489:. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
1465:
1145:
1133:
1121:
184:
145:
2022:
1995:
1947:
1935:
1910:
1896:
1882:
1861:
1814:
1805:
1790:. Wumag.kiev.ua. Archived from
1780:
1765:
1756:
1731:
1722:
1710:
1680:
1667:
1648:
1631:
1606:
1581:
1242:Moshe Chaim Ephraim of Sudilkov
912:and to lead sinners to repent.
357:. Today, Okopy is a village in
301:In Praise of the Ba'al Shem Tov
2374:Jason Aronson, Queens NY 1997
2312:Univ. of Calif. Press, 1996. (
1548:
1532:
1520:
1506:
1493:
1413:English Pronouncing Dictionary
1401:
1364:
571:) and therefore also from the
476:) who was a disciple of Rabbi
326:
13:
1:
2488:Archives of Chassidic Stories
2279:iUniverse, Lincoln, NE, 2000.
2264:, pp. 221–288 (fiction).
2139:Rabbi Jacob Immanuel Schochet
1821:Jay., Rosman, Murray (1996).
1357:
762:The Baal Shem Tov's personal
578:
396:and became an assistant to a
2399:The Baal Shem Tov Foundation
2325:Essential Papers on Hasidism
2284:The Encyclopedia of Hasidism
2195:, 2d ed., xi. 94–98, 546–554
845:
456:The Besht was introduced to
321:
7:
2538:People from Ternopil Oblast
2439:Jewish Encyclopedia article
1739:"OHALEI TZADIKIM- About Us"
1330:
1213:(1730–1797) founder of the
900:The Besht's concept of the
599:, a faith-healer who wrote
10:
2584:
2345:, Liebermann, Toronto 1961
2343:Rabbi Israel Baal Shem Tov
1250:(1753–1811) (his grandson)
1244:(1748–1800) (his grandson)
1017:
424:) of the local synagogue.
330:
78:22 May 1760 (6 Sivan 5520)
29:
2430:from Routledge Publishing
2384:Singer, Isaac Bashevis, "
2254:, Lemberg, 1860, 1865 (?)
2135:Keter Shem Tov - Hashalem
1352:Baal Shem Tov family tree
1337:List of Hasidic dynasties
1279:(the Baal Shem of London)
1238:("the ShACh") (1625–1663)
1215:Chernobyl Hasidic dynasty
733:
624:Medzybizh Hasidic dynasty
333:Baal Shem Tov family tree
158:
153:
141:
124:
114:Tsvi of Pinsk (1729–1779)
107:
99:
89:
74:
51:
46:
39:
2361:Schochet, Jacob Immanuel
2349:Schochet, Jacob Immanuel
2339:Schochet, Jacob Immanuel
2216:;ar, v. 500–504, 553–554
1918:"Meaningful Life Center"
1772:Macijeko, Pawel (2011).
1645:Vol 22 No 1, Spring 2006
1277:Hayyim Samuel Jacob Falk
1228:Abraham Gershon of Kitov
1104:On the way, the prophet
2498:Hasidic Stories — Besht
2207:Rabbi Yisrael Baal Shem
2106:Jacob Joseph of Polonne
1486:The Jewish Encyclopedia
1167:Yaakov Yosef of Polonoy
293:Jacob Joseph of Polonne
2415:Baal Shem Tov minisite
2365:The Mystical Dimension
2262:Dreamers of the Ghetto
2221:Toledot Baale Shem-Tov
1323:in the Ukrainian film
1280:
1047:
923:
897:
774:
766:
755:
743:
339:Okopy, Ternopil Oblast
2563:Polish Hasidic rabbis
2482:Baal Shem Tov stories
2230:, 1896, pp. 1–45
2223:;ob, Königsberg, 1876
2075:Jacob Joseph ha-Kohen
2002:The Fearless Flyers.
1942:ENCYCLOPAEDIA JUDAICA
1660:Yale University Press
1527:Encyclopaedia Judaica
1342:Hasidim and Mitnagdim
1285:John Singleton Copley
1275:
1084:Encyclopaedia Judaica
1056:Encyclopaedia Judaica
1021:
980:Besht did not combat
929:Influence on Hasidism
918:
891:
772:
761:
749:
741:
2282:Rabinowicz, Tzvi M.
2060:Ber (Dov) ben Shmuel
1319:He was portrayed by
1316:is named after him.
1261:Nachman of Horodenka
1248:Boruch of Medzhybizh
1190:Dov Ber of Mezeritch
715:, which was part of
644:Yaakov Yosef Hakohen
618:(Jewish village) of
606:After many trips in
587:(ritual butcher) in
563:'s family descended
163:Dov Ber of Mezeritch
63:Okopy Świętej Trójcy
30:For other uses, see
2302:Founder of Hasidism
2176:Yevreiskaya Istoria
2116:Sefer Baal Shem Tov
2080:Toldot Yaakov Yosef
2035:Live for Live Music
2004:"The Baal Shem Tov"
1774:The Mixed Multitude
1301:The Fearless Flyers
1289:Baal Shem of London
916:commented in 1916:
176:Yisroel ben Eliezer
56:Yisroel ben Eliezer
2474:2019-11-17 at the
2426:2009-09-26 at the
2235:Shalom ’al-Yisrael
2228:Studies in Judaism
2202:, iii. 185 et seq.
1295:In popular culture
1281:
1236:Shabbatai ha-Kohen
1182:Yechiel Michel of
1061:Dov Baer b. Samuel
982:rabbinical Judaism
970:Studies in Judaism
898:
775:
767:
756:
744:
664:Maggid of Mezritch
660:Dov Ber of Mezrich
557:Nachman of Breslov
478:Yoel Baal Shem (I)
447:, he settled as a
172:Israel ben Eliezer
18:Israel ben Eliezer
2409:Tzava’at Harivash
2335:, New York, 1991.
2327:ed, G.D. Hundert
2247:, pp. 80–103
2185:, viii. Nos. 5–10
2167:Etkes, Immanuel,
2123:Tzava’at HaRivash
2099:Tzava’at HaRivash
2064:Shivchei ha-Besht
1705:ba‘al shem doctor
1570:. hebrewbooks.org
1386:Golding, Peretz.
1173:Ze'ev Wolf Kitzes
1053:According to the
1000:divine revelation
810:Ze'ev Wolf Kitzes
704:, modelled after
367:
268:. "Besht" is the
169:
168:
67:Kingdom of Poland
16:(Redirected from
2575:
2446:
2404:Brief biography
2193:Gesch. der Juden
2150:Buxbaum, Yitzhak
2145:in Brooklyn NY.
2131:Tzva’at HaRivash
2047:
2046:
2044:
2042:
2026:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2015:
1999:
1993:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1983:. March 15, 2006
1973:"The Ba'al Shem
1969:
1967:
1965:
1955:"Ba'al Shem Tov"
1951:
1945:
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1799:
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1778:
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1754:
1753:
1751:
1750:
1741:. Archived from
1735:
1729:
1726:
1720:
1714:
1708:
1684:
1678:
1671:
1665:
1652:
1646:
1635:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1625:
1616:. Archived from
1610:
1604:
1603:
1601:
1600:
1591:. Archived from
1585:
1579:
1578:
1576:
1575:
1564:
1558:
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1396:
1395:
1383:
1374:
1368:
1347:Tzavaat HaRivash
1253:Meir Hagadol of
1158:Notable students
1149:
1137:
1125:
1080:Shivḥei ha-Besht
1069:Shivḥei ha-Besht
1045:
976:Teaching methods
638:, and author of
503:
491:
475:
437:Achiya Hashiloni
361:
297:Shivḥei ha-Besht
255:
247:
246:
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190:
149:
131:Eliezer (father)
117:Udel (1720–1787)
37:
36:
21:
2583:
2582:
2578:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2573:
2572:
2508:
2507:
2484:
2476:Wayback Machine
2444:
2428:Wayback Machine
2395:
2300:Rosman, Moshe,
2258:Israel Zangwill
2209:, Jitomir, 1900
2110:Likutim Yekarim
2086:Likutim Yekarim
2056:
2054:Further reading
2051:
2050:
2040:
2038:
2027:
2023:
2013:
2011:
2000:
1996:
1986:
1984:
1971:
1970:
1963:
1961:
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1737:
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1727:
1723:
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1711:
1694:
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1676:
1672:
1668:
1663:
1654:John M. Efron,
1653:
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1498:
1494:
1477:Singer, Isidore
1466:
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1129:
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1008:Gershon Kitover
978:
931:
892:A well outside
886:
848:
817:direct evidence
736:
694:
656:Tiferet Yisrael
581:
573:Davidic dynasty
441:Eastern Galicia
402:(instructor in
335:
329:
324:
266:Hasidic Judaism
230:
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187:
183:
137:
120:
85:
79:
70:
60:
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42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2581:
2571:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2548:Hasidic rebbes
2545:
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2506:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2483:
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2456:
2454:Henry Abramson
2441:
2436:
2431:
2418:
2412:
2406:
2401:
2394:
2393:External links
2391:
2390:
2389:
2388:", Faber, 1982
2382:
2370:Sears, David,
2368:
2358:
2346:
2336:
2317:
2298:
2280:
2269:Eastern Europe
2265:
2255:
2252:’Adat Ẓaddiḳim
2248:
2238:
2231:
2224:
2217:
2210:
2203:
2196:
2189:Heinrich Grätz
2186:
2179:
2172:
2165:
2162:978-0826417725
2127:Keter Shem Tov
2120:
2119:
2113:
2102:
2096:
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2048:
2021:
2010:. Vulf Records
1994:
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1701:ba‘al shem tov
1689:Encyclopedia:
1679:
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1283:A portrait by
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1207:Nachum Twerski
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1099:prime minister
1097:and afterward
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1025:Motzei Shabbat
1019:
1016:
995:
994:
977:
974:
961:
960:
930:
927:
885:
884:Core doctrines
882:
847:
844:
735:
732:
719:(today in the
693:
690:
580:
577:
502:ורמיזא, ורמישא
462:Adam Baal Shem
412:Adam Baal Shem
359:Chortkiv Raion
353:connects with
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2417:on chabad.org
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2380:1-56821-972-5
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2310:0-520-20191-4
2307:
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2299:
2297:, Inc., 1996.
2296:
2295:Jason Aronson
2293:
2292:1-56821-123-6
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2277:0-595-00666-3
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2212:D. Kohan, in
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2178:, ii. 426–431
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2009:
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1982:
1981:onthemainline
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1924:on 2009-07-06
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1794:on 2008-10-08
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410:led by Rabbi
409:
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262:Jewish mystic
259:
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245:
181:
180:Baal Shem Tov
177:
173:
164:
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154:Jewish leader
152:
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144:
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134:Sara (mother)
133:
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116:
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2553:Panentheists
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2271:, Volume 1.
2261:
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1980:
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1958:
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1941:
1937:
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1922:the original
1912:
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1792:the original
1788:"Medzhybizh"
1782:
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1743:the original
1733:
1724:
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1562:
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1554:
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1390:. Chabad.org
1366:
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1313:Spark Seeker
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1179:(~1685–1788)
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909:
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874:Friday night
867:
865:
861:Moshe Rosman
858:
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814:
805:noble family
799:
795:
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721:Khmelnytskyi
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655:
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640:Meir Netivim
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300:
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281:
277:
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257:
256:) or as the
179:
175:
171:
170:
2533:1760 deaths
2528:1698 births
2226:Schechter,
2219:Rodkinson,
2205:A. Kahana,
1987:October 28,
1964:October 28,
1959:tovste.info
1257:(1703–1773)
1223:(1725–1812)
1203:(1728–1790)
1199:Pinchas of
1186:(1721–1786)
1169:(1710–1784)
936:Panentheism
840:Jacob Frank
832:Khmelnitsky
802:Czartoryski
779:Kabbalistic
711:He died in
698:Jacob Frank
646:, rabbi of
628:chief rabbi
537:Carpathians
453:at Tluste.
327:Early years
165:(1704–1772)
2558:Kabbalists
2512:Categories
2070:movement.
1928:2009-05-05
1798:2013-03-27
1749:2009-09-06
1697:ba‘al shem
1624:2014-02-17
1599:2014-02-17
1574:2014-02-10
1394:2013-03-12
1358:References
1255:Premishlan
1177:Medzhybizh
894:Medzhybizh
752:Medzhybizh
713:Medzhybizh
634:and later
620:Medzhybizh
589:Kshilowice
579:Leadership
513:arbitrator
384:Zalischyky
331:See also:
316:the divine
254:בעל שם טוב
2523:Baal Shem
2250:Frumkin,
2241:Zederbaum
2237:, i.–iii.
2233:Zweifel,
2181:idem, in
1849:cite book
1555:Hayom Yom
1308:Matisyahu
1263:(d. 1765)
1211:Chernobyl
1091:Wallachia
1029:Tzaddikim
966:Schechter
846:Practices
785:, 1804),
662:(AKA the
597:Baal Shem
593:Iaslowice
460:by Rabbi
408:tzaddikim
322:Biography
309:Berdychiv
286:Baal Shem
159:Successor
142:Signature
82:Międzybóż
32:Baal Shem
2568:Shochtim
2472:Archived
2424:Archived
2174:Dubnow,
2041:26 April
2014:26 April
1841:44962956
1662:, p. 91:
1643:Avotaynu
1499:p. 409,
1331:See also
1327:(2023).
1219:Leib of
1184:Zlotchov
1042:Maharash
1038:—
878:farfalen
783:Zhitomir
678:Tzadikim
612:Volhynia
539:between
517:mediator
474:ראָפּשיץ
466:Ropczyce
458:Kabbalah
417:shammash
370:Ternopil
364:district
355:Dniester
349:, where
343:Kameniec
260:, was a
108:Children
90:Religion
47:Personal
2452:by Dr.
2450:YouTube
2183:Voskhod
2008:YouTube
1543:Haaretz
1474::
1325:Dovbush
1306:Singer
1095:general
1033:Segulah
1018:Legends
1012:Shabbos
910:devekut
906:devekut
866:He ate
853:devekut
828:Podolia
791:Hasidim
728:Ukraine
702:Messiah
652:Satinov
636:Ostroha
632:Lemberg
608:Podolia
601:amulets
591:, near
561:Maharal
545:Kassowa
525:Ephraim
498:Yiddish
490:זאמושטש
486:Yiddish
470:Yiddish
450:melamed
429:cheders
399:melamed
270:acronym
125:Parents
94:Judaism
2378:
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2275:
2214:Ha-Sh.
2198:Jost,
2160:
2068:Chabad
2037:. L4LM
1839:
1829:
1419:
1226:Rabbi
1221:Shpola
1201:Korets
1111:Isaiah
1106:Elijah
1065:Linits
956:Amalek
902:zaddik
872:every
869:farfel
821:siddur
815:Other
764:Siddur
734:Legacy
724:Oblast
717:Poland
682:Ohelim
671:shedim
648:Polnoy
616:shtetl
585:shohet
569:geonim
482:Zamość
422:sexton
404:cheder
394:cheder
389:cheder
382:(near
380:Tluste
373:Oblast
351:Zbruch
305:Kapust
250:Hebrew
100:Spouse
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2158:ISBN
2125:and
2108:and
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1855:link
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1232:Kuty
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543:and
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