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944:. Another Boston anarchist, Antonio Cesarini of Roxbury, was among those arrested during a riot that erupted during a labor march in Roxbury on May 1, 1919. Two police officers and a civilian were shot, another officer was stabbed, dozens of officers and marchers were injured, and 113 marchers were arrested. Fourteen were sent to prison by the presiding judge, Albert F. Hayden; a few days later, Hayden's home was bombed, causing a great deal of damage but no injuries.
251:, numbered 15,000 in 1880; ten years later, only 5,000 remained. A large number of Jewish immigrants had also settled there, started businesses, and built synagogues; they stayed on longer than the Irish, but eventually they too were crowded out. By 1905, of the 27,000 people living in the North End, 22,000 were Italians. Groups of immigrants who had lived in the same part of Italy formed small enclaves, Abruzzesi on one block, Avellinesi on another, and so on.
870:, the pastor of Most Holy Redeemer parish in East Boston, was the first Roman Catholic priest elected to the Massachusetts legislature. As a state representative from 1970 to 1972 and president of the East Boston Neighborhood Council, he fought against the expansion of Logan Airport, was instrumental in getting the BRA to build an elderly housing development instead of the waterfront motel it had planned, and worked in the hospice movement. His
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792:. From 1920 to 1940 they voted consistently, overwhelmingly, Democratic. In 1924, Democratic candidates for Congress and the Massachusetts senate received about 90% of the Italian vote. During this period there was a massive push by the Democratic party to mobilize new voters. Between 1924 and 1940, the number of male voters in the North End tripled, and the number of female voters increased eightfold.
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411:. A massive wave of molasses flowed down Commercial Street towards the waterfront, killing 21 people and injuring 150. Lawyers for the tank's owners tried to blame the explosion on Italian anarchists. The accident was later found to be due to the tank's poor construction and maintenance, but not before the initial reports had fueled anti-Italian sentiment.
1292:, Sicily, brought the annual Madonna Della Cava (Our Lady of the Quarry) celebration to Boston in the early 20th century. According to legend, the Madonna appeared to a young villager in a dream and told him where to dig for a large stone that was miraculously adorned with her image. The stone still rests inside the Madonna Della Cava church in Sicily.
275:, and worked to end it; he introduced legislation to regulate the loosely run "immigrant banks", which were notorious for cheating poorly educated workers out of their savings; he founded the Italian Protective League of Boston, a benevolent society for new immigrants; and he helped to defeat a bill that would have required workers to be naturalized.
593:
1919. He was elected to the
Massachusetts State Senate in 1932, narrowly defeating six Irish-American candidates, and ending years of Irish political domination in his district, which included East Boston, Charlestown, and the North, West, and South Ends. He went on to serve four consecutive terms, and was Boston Election Commissioner in several
629:" in 1941. Many were older women who had not become citizens because of language or literacy issues, and many had one or more children enlisted in the service. The proclamation was especially hard on Boston's Italian fishermen, whose boats were beached or in some cases requisitioned for use as patrol boats and minesweepers.
855:, the son of Italian immigrants, grew up poor in Boston's Roxbury and Dorchester neighborhoods, worked his way through law school, and became state attorney general, and later the lieutenant governor of Massachusetts. As state attorney general, he opposed legislation granting first amendment rights to corporations (see
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accused him of sabotaging the
Democratic party, saying, "I don't want to see an Italian party, and that's just what these people are doing." At the St. Patrick's Day parade, South Boston residents pelted Bellotti with beer cans and shouted ethnic slurs. Rumors circulated that Bellotti was beholden to
1450:
Police statistics of the early 20th century in Boston show that
Italians were no more of a criminal element than any other foreign-born group in the city. Nevertheless, they were stereotyped as criminals and discriminated against by the police, the courts, schoolteachers, college admissions officers,
1500:
In the early 20th century, Italians in Boston, as in other cities, often clashed with the Irish despite the fact that the vast majority of both groups shared a common religion (Roman
Catholic) and political party (Democratic). The Irish dominated Boston politics, the police department, and the local
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Despite some lingering stereotypes, Italians have made great strides in Boston; so much so that in 2004 the
Associated Press ran an article titled, "Move Over, Irish; Italians Now Rule Boston". Today it is other immigrant groups, such as Mexicans and Central Americans, whose experience is comparable
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Known as a fiery-tempered defender of the "little man", state senator Joseph A. Langone, Jr., launched an investigation into Boston's welfare department, alleging it was withholding money from the needy, and in 1939 organized a march on City Hall to demand better services for the North End. His son,
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issued a proclamation—significantly, in both
English and Italian—declaring August 23 Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti Memorial Day, and asking the public "to reflect upon these tragic events, and draw from their historic lessons the resolve to prevent the forces of intolerance, fear,
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Italian girls in Boston rarely went to work as domestics because they were expected to sleep under their parents' roof until they were married. Some women worked in the market gardens and farms around Boston, and in the factories and shops in town. Others were seamstresses. Some families made money
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In the early 20th century, many
Italian Americans started their own businesses. Alessandro Badaracco, an immigrant, ran Boston's largest fruit business in 1900. Many sold fruit and produce from pushcarts. Italians dominated the local fishing industry. Many went into barbering; by 1930, the majority
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Mr. and Mrs. Langone were influential in
Depression-era Boston politics. Joseph A. Langone, Jr. ran the Langone family funeral home, which handled the funeral of Sacco and Vanzetti. As a first lieutenant in the Massachusetts State Guard, he had once led a company during the Boston Police strike of
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By 1930 the North End was more densely populated than
Calcutta, with more than 44,000 Italians living in an area less than a mile square. Most lived in overcrowded tenements with shared outdoor toilets. Fewer than 20% of the apartments had baths; residents bathed in sinks or public bath houses. At
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In August 1905, some 200 members of the North End's
Liguria Society were parading down Federal Street when a trolley car driver refused to stop for them. Several "young ruffians" jumped onto the car and "set upon" the driver and the conductor, breaking windows and sending the passengers fleeing in
1227:. Italian Americans in Boston still hold several of these festivals each year. Some are three-day street festivals complete with parades, fireworks, contests, live music, and Italian food concessions. Others, due to shifts in the population, have become smaller-scale events consisting mainly of a
164:
Most of Boston's Italian immigrants were southern Italians who had little money and could speak little to no English. They faced many hardships in the early years, including exploitation and discrimination. Contrary to popular myth, they did not improve their lot solely by working hard; they held
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The true Italian type of countenance is oval, with a high forehead, an aquiline or old Roman nose, rather fair than dark in complexion, with black eyes and generally symmetrical outlines. The type of the Neapolitan who is not a genuine Italian is marked by a low forehead, small sharp nose, small
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after an Italian youth danced with an Irish girl. According to witnesses, an Irish police officer who arrived at the scene began beating up the Italian. There was a scuffle, and the officer was shot and killed. One of the youth's friends, Joseph Sammarco, was arrested for murder, and was quickly
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After World War II, many of the fishermen who had served in the military chose new careers. Those who remained faced competition from the importers of Canadian fish, and a depleted fishing supply. Boston no longer has an Italian fishing fleet, but the Fisherman's Feast is still celebrated every
621:
After Mussolini declared war on the United States, Italians in Boston were anxious to prove their loyalty to their adopted country. Prominent local Italians publicly condemned Mussolini's actions, and young Italians rushed to enlist in the U.S. military. The navy was a popular option for Boston
210:
The first wave of Italian immigration to Boston occurred in the late 19th century. In 1890, Boston's Italians numbered less than 5,000 and accounted for only 3% of Boston's foreign-born population. By 1897, that figure had risen to 11%, with 18,000 living in the North End alone. Others lived in
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who succeeded in establishing rent control in the North End and getting the city to build affordable housing for the elderly and disabled. After his death, Mayor Menino said that Langone had "consistently fought on the side of the common guy". (Menino himself was recognized for his "unwavering
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Prior to 1855, census records showed no Italians living in Boston. Most arrived in three waves of immigration: the first starting in the late 19th century; the second and largest following World War I; and the third following World War II. Most settled initially in the North End of Boston.
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mouth, small piercing black eyes, prominent cheek-bones, under-sized in stature, with a slinking downcast air when composed, and most violently gesticulative when excited in conversation. This is the criminal type that may be discovered as soon as observed. It sullies the name of Italian.
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spent several years living in the North End, studying the social dynamics of the local gangs and bookmakers. His original plan was to come back later and study the people's family and religious life, but health problems interfered. In 1943 he published a groundbreaking case study titled
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Mussolini, whose picture used to hang in the kitchen in a great proportion of Italian homes in the North End, has lost face everywhere ... But the symbol, next to the service flag, now most common in Italian kitchens is a red, white and blue bunting with the letters 'God Bless
849:, where he saw his own home torn down and replaced with luxury apartment buildings. He later served on the Boston city council, where he supported urban renewal projects only if they did not permanently displace area residents. On his death he was hailed as a "friend of the poor".
286:, a popular Italian-language newspaper, in 1905. As editor he used his influence to help local Italians, advocating for them in his paper, writing letters to Congress, recommending people for jobs, supporting Italian political candidates, and making generous charitable donations.
932:. The next day Galleanists bombed the Salutation Street station of the Boston harbor police. Fagotti was convicted, imprisoned, and later deported to Italy. On June 2, 1919, Carlo Valdinoci, a Galleanist from Roxbury, was killed trying to deliver a bomb to U.S. Attorney General
1274:, with the festival of the Madonna del Soccorso (Our Lady of Help), which dates back to the 16th century. Ceremonies include a procession to Boston Harbor for the blessing of the waters, and a performance in which a "flying angel" swoops down to greet the Madonna.
1403:, was founded in 1921 by Principio A. ("P. A.") Santosuosso of Boston. The state's first English-language Italian newspaper, it ran weekly until 1959. The news website Bostoniano, founded by Nicola Orichuia, now bills itself as "Boston's Italian American Voice".
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Giuseppe (Joseph) Dragone, a Calabrian immigrant, founded the Dragone Cheese Co. in the North End in 1928. By the time the company moved to Medford in 1957, it had become one of the largest manufacturers of Italian cheeses in the U.S. The brand is now owned by
672:, which enabled them to go to college and buy houses in the suburbs, thus completing their assimilation into the American middle class. Italian Americans, along with other whites, enjoyed benefits of the G.I. Bill that were denied many African Americans due to
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Luigi Pastene, an immigrant from Genoa, started selling produce from a pushcart in 1848. He and his son Pietro (Peter) opened a shop on Hanover Street in 1874. The business grew into one of the largest importers of Italian food: the Pastene Co., now based in
1590:
In 2007, of the approximately 800,000 Italian Americans living in the Boston metropolitan area, fewer than 50,000 lived in Boston. Italian Americans were no longer predominant in East Boston, and were less than 40 percent of the population of the North End.
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to protest and demand reparations. One of the speakers, a Dr. R. Brindisi, urged the audience, "Italians, be calm! Don't get excited! Trust to the authorities of this government to see that justice is done." The following week, Massachusetts representative
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hit the crowded North End severely; so many children were orphaned as a result of the pandemic that the city created the Home for Italian Children to care for them. The Home for Italian Children was later renamed the Italian Home for Children. Located in
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and stayed out for weeks at a time, returning with frozen fish. The Italian fleet used Fiske Wharf and Packet Pier (where the Christopher Columbus Waterfront Park is now). The Italian fishermen, who lived in the North and West Ends, were immigrants from
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and proximity to downtown made it a natural choice for poor and working-class Italian immigrants as well. As the neighborhood became increasingly Italian, other ethnic groups began to move out. Irish immigrants, who had settled there during the
1411:
In the 1930s, the Prince Macaroni Company sponsored an "All Italian" radio talent show, the "Prince Macaroni Hour", on WAAB in Boston. In the 1950s and 1960s, WBZ's "Mr. Fix It" and "Homemaker Helper" were created by and for Italian Americans.
267:
George Scigliano, a lawyer who served on the Boston Common Council and the Massachusetts legislature at the turn of the century, worked to improve the lives of local Italians. Among other things, he called public attention to the exploitative
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administrations. Langone's wife "Tina" was also well known in the community. As a member of the Massachusetts Board of Immigration and Americanization, she helped countless local Italian immigrants assimilate and obtain U.S. citizenship.
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In Boston as elsewhere, northern Italians often drew a sharp "racial" distinction between themselves and southern Italians. Northern prejudice against southern Italians may in fact have fueled discrimination against them by Americans.
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What I wish more than all in this last hour of agony is that our case and our fate may be understood in their real being and serve as a tremendous lesson to the forces of freedom so that our suffering and death will not have been in
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which became a bestseller and a classic college text for students of sociology and anthropology. Years after the book's publication, Whyte revealed the identities behind the pseudonyms he had used in his study. Among them were
496:(Awaiting the hour of vengeance). On Sunday, August 28, a two-hour funeral procession bearing huge floral tributes moved through the city. Thousands of marchers took part in the procession, and over 200,000 came out to watch.
297:, to provide job training for Italian and Jewish immigrants. The North End Union, a social service agency founded by the Benevolent Fraternity of Churches in 1892, provided food, daycare, cooking classes, and other aid. The
264:, had a special interest in helping Italians. Others were private philanthropists, community activists, charitable organizations, and mutual aid societies whose aim was to help immigrants, the poor, and workers in general.
176:
After World War II, with the help of the G.I. Bill, many were able to attend college and join the ranks of the middle class. Many obtained home loans through the G.I. Bill and moved to the suburbs. The North End has been
1311:
The Italia Unita festival is a secular festival held annually in East Boston since 1995. Italia Unita is a not-for-profit organization "promoting cultural awareness through Italian programs, events and scholarships".
259:
During this period, Italians faced many obstacles—poverty, discrimination, a language barrier—but they also received various forms of assistance from sympathetic Bostonians. Some, such as Boston attorney
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church hierarchy. In addition to having arrived earlier than the Italians, and in greater numbers, they had the advantage of speaking English and being generally lighter-complexioned than Italians, many of whom had
656:, and elsewhere. Several of these new residents opened Italian restaurants, cafes, and bakeries in the North End, which helped to preserve the Italian atmosphere in the 1970s when the neighborhood began attracting "
1586:
In 2014, people of Italian descent formed the second largest ancestry group in Boston, making up 8.2% of the population (after Irish Americans, who made up 15%). They were 13.6% of the population of Massachusetts.
1202:
in the North End, and some Italians converted. Historian Charles J. Scalise coined the term "WIP" (White Italian Protestant) for Italian Americans who converted to Protestantism during the 19th and 20th centuries.
1173:
The North End is still known for having Italian restaurants. Aside from this area, it is no longer possible to generalize about the kinds of businesses run by Boston Italians or the kinds of careers they pursue.
1024:
The Irish no longer dominate Boston politics as they once did. Due to intermarriage and other factors, the old rivalry between Irish and Italian Bostonians has slowed down, and people of Italian descent such as
165:
protest rallies, organized labor unions, and were extremely active in the Democratic party. In addition, they were aided by local charitable organizations, mutual aid societies, and federal programs such as the
309:, and operated an acclaimed pottery with a store in Boston. In 1904, Domenic D'Alessandro founded the Italian Laborers Union, with the help of George Scigliano, to combat the exploitation of immigrant workers.
234:. The northern Italians were generally better off and better educated than those who came to Boston later from agrarian southern Italy, the majority of whom were poor, illiterate, and non-fluent in English.
1536:
series, five prominent Italian Americans were asked, "Is the Italian more prone to violent crime than any other race?" In his response, the Rev. Fr. Ubaldus Da Rieti distinguished between so-called "true
622:
Italians, many of whom were fishermen. There was also a rush to obtain citizenship, with thousands of mostly Italian immigrants descending upon the immigration office within days of the announcement.
1044:
vendors in 1973. Note the campaign sticker for Emanuel "Gus" Serra, who represented the First Suffolk District from 1970 to 1998. Serra ran for state senate in 1973 but lost to Michael LoPresti, Jr.
1505:. At the same time, working-class Irish and Italian residents were in competition for housing and jobs. Italians were often willing to work for less, and thus posed a threat to Irish job security.
333:-founded Boston, the Italian immigrants were exotic and a little unsettling. Sociologist Frederic Bushée described them as "an excitable people" but "on the whole ... good-natured and friendly."
161:, and other neighborhoods. These groups of Italians now mainly reside in the suburbs mostly north/northwest of the city. But the North end and Eastie still retain much of there Italian culture.
369:
In 1917 there were an estimated 50,000 Italians living in Boston. Approximately 8,000 Boston Italians served in the U.S. military during World War I. Others served in the Italian military.
1009:
Now that Italian Americans have assimilated and joined the ranks of the middle class, their politics have shifted. It is not unusual for Italian Americans in Boston, as elsewhere, to vote
845:. When he first arrived in the U.S. as a child, he could not speak English; he went on to graduate from Harvard Law School. As a state legislator, he served the district that included the
1476:
magazine (ironically titled "The Godfathers") described local Italian-American politicians as reluctant to call attention to their ethnicity lest they be stereotyped as criminals. When
461:
was built in East Boston, which had a sizable Italian population. Area residents were less than enthusiastic about the airport and the noise and traffic that inevitably came with it.
2091:, an immigrant from Italy who settled in the North End and photographed the neighborhood, residents, street life, religious festivals, and working-class life in the 1970s. His book,
481:, Massachusetts, and had political ties to Boston. Most Boston Italians, although far from sympathetic to the anarchist cause, believed the pair were victims of anti-Italian bias.
928:
of Boston held demonstrations, rioted, and committed acts of terrorism. On December 6, 1916, the Galleanist Alfonso Fagotti was arrested for stabbing a policeman during a riot in
1037:
145:. Exactly how many stayed in Boston is unknown, but it was enough to make Italians the second largest ancestry group in Boston, after the Irish. Most settled initially in the
1219:
When Italian immigrants arrived in Boston in the early 20th century, they brought their religious traditions with them. In Italy it was common for Catholics to celebrate the
915:. Sacco and Vanzetti were subscribers and contributors. The Sacco-Vanzetti Defense Committee (SVDC) was headquartered in Boston and published an Italian-language bulletin,
361:
terror. The fight, in which the conductor's nose was broken, "created a sensation" in Boston, and still turns up in Internet searches as the Federal Street Riot of 1905.
4236:(April 2001). "The Saturday Evening Girls: A Progressive Era Library Club and the Intellectual Life of Working Class and Immigrant Girls in Turn-of-the-Century Boston".
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1255:. The main event is a 10-hour-long procession in which a statue of the saint is carried through the streets of the North End, followed by marching bands and floats.
1347:, originated in 1929 as a way to raise money for influenza victims. Today the proceeds are donated to local food pantries and non-profit organizations in honor of
4896:
4214:
454:
in 1916, expanded during the 1920s but did not gain the upper hand in Boston until 1931, when they assassinated Wallace and the Irish assassinated Solomon.
492:
in the North End, where they were viewed in open caskets by over 10,000 mourners over two days. At the funeral parlor, a wreath over the caskets announced
4663:
1077:, a major fishing port. One of the religious traditions they brought with them from Sciacca was an annual feast in honor of the Madonna del Soccorso (see
605:
According to some historians, Italians in Boston were reluctant to apply for government relief during the Depression. Whyte writes in the introduction to
4206:
2088:
1195:
in 1888. St. Leonard's was the first Roman Catholic church built in New England by Italian immigrants, and the second oldest Italian church in the U.S.
1124:
Three Sicilian immigrants, Gaetano LaMarca, Giuseppe Seminara and Michele Cantella, founded the Prince Macaroni Company (later renamed Prince Pasta) on
242:
When Italians began arriving in large numbers, the North End was already occupied by thousands of Irish and Jewish immigrants. The area's many low-rent
2031:
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that "a large proportion of the population was on home relief or W.P.A." at the time. Being "on W.P.A." meant working on public projects funded by the
626:
4955:
3896:"The Italian in America: Social Equality is His Greatest Wish. Few Italian Girls Enter the Domestic Service. Love of Home Life is One of the Reasons"
535:
said it had "no possible chance of acceptance." It was rejected again in 1947 and 1957. The piece now hangs in the Special Collections lobby of the
1187:
Like the Irish, most Italians are Roman Catholics; due to language and cultural differences, however, they preferred to form their own parishes.
798:, an Irish politician whose nickname was "mayor of the poor", was more popular with Italians and other immigrants in Boston than he was with the
124:
44:
3840:"Bade Be Calm. Shook Faneuil Hall With Cheers for America. Italians of the Hub Both Loyal and Indignant. In Mass Meeting Declare No Mafia Here"
1467:
the Mafia. In fact, Mafia capos were caught on FBI surveillance tapes complaining about Bellotti's refusal to accept their campaign donations.
4547:
818:. The toastmaster, Dr. Joseph Santosuosso, insisted that Curley's real name was Giacomo Michel Curli, an "old and illustrious Italian name".
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process by getting the city to build affordable housing for the elderly so that longtime residents would not have to leave the neighborhood.
4975:
1995:
5026:
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644:
There was a small wave of Italian immigration to Boston following World War II which lasted about 15 years, and brought immigrants from
4922:
1064:
Prior to World War II, Boston had two fishing fleets. The larger boats, which used the Main Fish Pier on Northern Avenue, fished the
856:
84:
1517:
story at the time read, " is being given the speediest trial ever accorded a man charged with first degree murder in this country."
4795:
4523:
1295:
The annual Madonna Delle Grazie (Our Lady of Grace) procession is a tradition brought to the North End in 1903 by immigrants from
4605:
2095:(2017), includes these photos as well as information about the Italian-American experience in Boston juxtaposed to life in Italy.
4648:
4624:
632:
Only two Boston Italians were interned, both radio broadcasters. One, Ubaldo Guidi, had had a popular pro-fascist radio show on
4882:
39:
1572:—and those descended from "Albanians, Saracens, Greeks and Arabs", blaming the latter group for crime in the North End:
372:
After the war ended, tens of thousands of Italians emigrated to Boston. The vast majority were from southern Italy: many from
937:
79:
3600:
The Boston Italians: A Story of Pride, Perseverance, and Paesani, from the Years of the Great Immigration to the Present Day
1285:, Sicily, and has been celebrated in the North End since 1914. Festivities include a procession, games, raffles, and music.
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69:
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Scalise, Charles J. (2006). "Retrieving the "WIPS": Exploring the Assimilation of White Italian Protestants in America".
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and hatred from ever again uniting to overcome the rationality, wisdom, and fairness to which our legal system aspires."
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John G. Cogliano (1964) Former Commissioner of Mass Highway, and Secretary of Transportation under Governor Mitt Romney.
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formally accepted on behalf of the city a bas-relief sculpture memorializing Sacco and Vanzetti. The piece, created by
1761:(1938–1989), literature professor, president of Yale University, and the seventh Commissioner of Major League Baseball
407:
On January 15, 1919, the Purity Distilling Company's 2.3 million gallon molasses storage tank burst open, causing the
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Newton, Christopher (1996). "From 'The Prince Macaroni Hour' to 'Car Talk': An Evolution of Italian American Radio".
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who opened the Langone funeral home in the North End, served as a state representative in the 1920s, and brought the
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Yuhl, Stephanie E. (Spring 2010). "Sculpted Radicals: The Problem of Sacco and Vanzetti in Boston's Public Memory".
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was the Italian-language bulletin of the Sacco-Vanzetti Defense Committee (SVDC), which was headquartered in Boston.
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1755:(1911–1995), first Italian-American governor of Massachusetts, and the state's first Italian-American congressman
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Several Italian-American Democrats from Boston were noted for championing the cause of the poor or the underdog.
194:
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2014:
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1673:(1945–1990), former Major League Baseball player, including for the Boston Red Sox (1964–67, 1969–1970, 1975)
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4641:"Selected Social Characteristics in the United States: 2010–2014 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates"
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in Boston, but for the most part the business was controlled by the competing Irish and Jewish mobs led by
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1899:
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137:
Not all of the 5 million Italians who immigrated to the United States between 1820 and 1978 came through
59:
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Religious Festive Practices in Boston's North End: Ephemeral Identities in an Italian American Community
1520:
The animosity between the two groups diminished over time, and there were many Irish/Italian marriages.
1097:, returning after three or four days with fresh fish, mostly haddock. Fresh haddock came to be known as
679:
The following Massachusetts cities and towns have the largest percentages of people of Italian descent.
189:
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fame), had been repeatedly offered as a gift to the city and rejected. In 1937, Massachusetts Governor
404:, it now provides residential and day treatment for children with emotional and learning difficulties.
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by pooling their resources to rent an entire tenement and then subletting the apartments at a profit.
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in New Orleans in 1891, 1,500 Boston Italians—with "coal black hair and eyes", according to the
181:, but retains much of its old character in the form of Italian restaurants and traditional festivals.
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4606:"Italian-Americans & Their Communities of Cleveland: Part II, Italian Immigration and Settlement"
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1884:(1955–1976), Harvard student whose stabbing death led to a controversial, racially charged court case
1721:(b. 1945), first Italian-American to be elected speaker of the Massachusetts House of Representatives
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Fascist and Anti-Fascist Propaganda in America: The Dispatches of Italian Ambassador Gelasio Caetani
1941:(1874–1906), Massachusetts state legislator, and an early and influential North End community leader
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in Boston, was a local favorite. In 1942, when restrictions on nonnaturalized Italians were lifted,
859:). Having been raised by a single mother, he also supported equal pay for women. In a 2010 article,
3966:"200,000 See Huge Parade: Force Used to Drive Back Line of Sacco-Vanzetti Marchers at Forest Hills"
2008:
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4301:"The People's Lawyer: As attorney general, Bellotti gave new meaning to the term 'public servant'"
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1727:(b. 1967), American former professional baseball shortstop and current third base coach with the
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tried, convicted, and sentenced to life in prison based on what many considered weak evidence. A
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967:. In the 1920s there were at least ten fascist associations based in Massachusetts, including in
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2079:, street photographer who took many photos of Italians in the North End in the 1940s and 50s
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4579:"Rocking The Cradle of Liberty: A Guide to Anarchist-Connected Historical Sites in Boston"
3702:
The Making of the New Deal Democrats: Voting Behavior and Realignment in Boston, 1920–1940
3438:
3023:
2996:
2954:
2529:
2267:
1508:
The Sammarco case stirred local controversy in 1920. A fight broke out at a dance hall in
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8:
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3793:
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1938:
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1734:
1623:
1509:
1455:
1439:
1399:, with the tagline "The Italian-American Voice of Massachusetts". A competing newspaper,
1266:
The Fisherman's Feast has been a tradition in the North End since 1910. It originated in
912:
852:
765:
570:
532:
279:
261:
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802:. In 1930, he was the guest of honor at a dinner attended by 400 Boston Italians at the
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2874:
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1243:, which has been celebrated every August in the North End since 1919. It originated in
1151:
983:(Youth). In the thirties, pro-fascist radio commentator Ubaldo Guidi, who broadcast on
933:
903:
558:
305:
in 1901, hosted educational discussions and lectures, published a newspaper called the
4609:
1890:(1916–2001), college football coach inducted into the Pennsylvania Sports Hall of Fame
1770:
The Langone family, including Joseph A. (Giuseppe Antonio) Langone, an immigrant from
4905:
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1950:
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539:. It shows the two men in profile, with a quote from Vanzetti's final prison letter:
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396:
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146:
17:
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3938:"New Speed Record in Sammarco Trial: Woman Saw Slayer But Says He Was Not Defendant"
1162:
4917:
4821:
4345:
4245:
1981:
1944:
1718:
1682:
1656:
1459:
1056:
The Italian Chamber of Commerce of Boston and New England was established in 1906.
960:
846:
803:
220:
154:
1866:(1942–2014), Boston's first mayor of Italian descent and its longest-serving mayor
1737:(b. 1981), actor who’s best known for playing Captain America in the Marvel series
4805:"From Italy to Boston's North End: Italian Immigration and Settlement, 1890–1910"
4766:
4724:
3586:
1973:
1969:
1857:
1670:
1443:
1133:
504:
451:
419:
357:
in which he defended the lynch mob and proposed new restrictions on immigration.
216:
158:
4874:
4171:
636:
in the thirties. When he was arrested, Guidi had two sons in the U.S. military.
566:
the same time, there was comparatively little street crime in the neighborhood.
4671:
4664:"In the Hidden History of WWII, Italian Enemy Aliens Were Interned, Restricted"
3882:"Paraders in a Fight: Italians Make an Attack On Men in Charge of Electric Car"
1956:
1893:
1881:
1869:
1823:
1808:
1752:
1746:
1724:
1706:
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opined that it was like "handing the keys to the State House to Tony Soprano".
1463:
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524:
520:
302:
269:
178:
142:
4863:
3749:
Wop! A Documentary History of Anti-Italian Discrimination in the United States
317:
5005:
4990:
4181:
4158:"Iannella funeral draws nearly 1,000; Boston councilor called friend of poor"
4157:
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1962:
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1125:
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group based in East Boston; in 1920 it had over 40 members. They were led by
769:
516:
512:
458:
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and Irish political bosses who had the power to distribute jobs and favors.
625:
Nonnaturalized Italians in Boston, as elsewhere in the U.S., were declared "
2054:
1920:
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1712:
1694:
1289:
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in 1912. The business moved to Commercial Street a few years later, and to
964:
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initially, growing disillusioned with him when he began collaborating with
941:
867:
599:
345:
138:
1749:(1925–2010), in-flight director who led the evacuation of Pan Am Flight 93
1013:
or to run for office as Republicans; for example, Massachusetts governors
4296:
3994:"Senator Langone Tells Sons of Italy He Probably Will Seek Higher Office"
3695:
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2082:
2001:
1851:
1740:
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1199:
1198:
In the early 20th century, Methodist and Episcopalian ministers actively
1155:
1141:
1065:
988:
924:
860:
776:
In the early days of Italian immigration, Boston Italians tended to vote
744:
In the 1970s, "yuppies" began moving into the North End. City councilman
668:
After World War II, many Italian-American veterans took advantage of the
435:
212:
150:
4596:
4325:
4288:
3663:
3235:
1790:; state representative Joseph A. Langone III; and Boston city councilor
1231:
and a procession. The festivals attract tourists from across the world.
1113:
Several notable companies were founded by Italian immigrants in Boston.
1098:
951:(IWW), held meetings in the North End in their hall on Richmond Street.
4509:
An Unlikely Union: The Love-Hate Story of New York's Irish and Italians
4388:
4257:
1905:
1502:
1485:
1018:
4357:
2607:
1387:
James V. Donnaruma started an influential Italian-language newspaper,
1965:(1908–1994), Massachusetts governor, U.S. Secretary of Transportation
1887:
1817:
1220:
1094:
886:
669:
243:
170:
4420:
4172:"Msgr. Mimie Pitaro, 79; pastor, legislator who served 'little guy'"
2207:
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that ran from 1977 to 2012, was co-hosted by two Italian Americans,
4477:
4449:
4428:
4396:
4349:
4249:
3324:
1802:
1550:
1414:
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1165:
on Hanover Street, opened in 1929 and is still in operation today.
1086:
653:
385:
4380:
2085:, an Italian style of bread that is a regional specialty in Boston
1336:, whose patron saints were the 3rd-century martyrs and physicians
4700:"Cities with the Highest Percentage of Italians in Massachusetts"
4436:
3868:"Is the Italian More Prone to Violent Crime Than Any Other Race?"
1562:
1546:
1462:
in the primary race for governor, Massachusetts senate president
1419:
1267:
1070:
645:
500:
called it "one of the most tremendous funerals of modern times."
389:
381:
373:
330:
4632:
3045:
3043:
3041:
979:. The Boston fascists had their own Italian-language newspaper,
2559:
1908:, American actor best known for his portrayal of Moe Greene in
1569:
1554:
1271:
1074:
874:
obituary calls him a "a doughty fighter for powerless people".
785:
780:. The one major exception was in 1920, when, disappointed that
657:
649:
377:
326:
4768:
The North End: A Brief History of Boston's Oldest Neighborhood
4412:
4372:
4195:"Thomas M. Menino, Boston's longest serving mayor, dies at 71"
4155:
4101:
3816:
Acts and Resolves Passed by the General Court of Massachusetts
3795:
Street Corner Society: The Social Structure of an Italian Slum
2823:
2550:
1328:
since 1926. The tradition was brought over by immigrants from
577:
Street Corner Society: The Social Structure of an Italian Slum
4213:
4169:
4059:
4019:
3342:
3038:
2853:
2625:
2472:
1538:
1329:
1282:
515:, Boston's first Italian-American mayor, and acting governor
231:
227:
4205:
4193:
4115:
4005:
3540:
3525:
3139:
2796:
2643:
1947:(b. 1992), member of the U.S. women's national baseball team
4087:
3963:
3949:
3879:
3357:
2986:
2984:
2445:
2430:
2300:
1558:
1480:
became president of the Massachusetts senate, for example,
1362:, the Feast of the Madonna Della Luce (Mother of Light) in
984:
841:
was one of the original "college boys" featured in Whyte's
830:
city councilman Fred Langone, was an outspoken opponent of
633:
197:
is one of the oldest Italian churches in the United States.
4662:
4141:
4033:
3893:
3865:
3851:
3837:
3471:
3199:
3127:
3029:
3002:
2960:
2613:
2535:
2273:
531:
called it "a patently absurd gesture", while Boston mayor
4207:"Mattapan church marks the life of Boston's former mayor"
4179:
4073:
4008:"Italians of Boston Lift Heads Again; 'Enemy' Ban Is Off"
3935:
3924:"Police Fight Reds in Roxbury: 113 Arrested, Scores Hurt"
3907:
3444:
3390:
3300:
3255:
3163:
2781:
2357:
2195:
1935:(b. 1986), television presenter and communications expert
589:, who appear in the book as Mr. and Mrs. George Ravello.
484:
In 1927, following Sacco and Vanzetti's execution in the
4182:"Frederick C. Langone, at 79; Colorful Boston Councilor"
3991:
3977:
3510:
2981:
2969:
2763:
2754:
2369:
2309:
2231:
2147:
1594:
293:
was founded in 1885, with the support of philanthropist
3921:
3549:
3414:
2942:
2901:
2880:
2481:
2255:
1953:(b. 1952), former president of the Massachusetts Senate
1826:(b. 1945), team president and CEO of the Boston Red Sox
784:
had not supported Italy's claim to the seaport city of
3910:"Death Claims Three Noted Men: North End Loses Leader"
3591:. Boston: Post-Gazette, American Independence Edition.
3480:
3426:
3402:
3276:
3067:
2652:
2402:
2400:
2398:
2396:
2159:
2120:
1929:(b. 1950), economist; and Joseph Salerno, union leader
1029:
have held top positions in city and state government.
897:
who moved to the U.S. in 1901. Galleani, who lived in
469:
Prior to their arrest in 1920, the Italian anarchists
446:. People of other ethnicities were also involved. The
226:
The first arrivals were mostly northern Italians from
4548:"'When Affirmative Action Was White': Uncivil Rights"
4336:(1939). "Race Conflicts in the North End of Boston".
3492:
3115:
2889:
2862:
2837:
2835:
2700:
2505:
2243:
2183:
2137:
2135:
2110:
2108:
1354:
Other Italian festivals in Massachusetts include the
4405:"Madonna delle Grazie Procession, North End, Boston"
4397:"Feast of the Madonna Della Cava, North End, Boston"
4389:"Feast of St. Agrippina di Mineo, North End, Boston"
3453:
3312:
3288:
3211:
3151:
3055:
2932:
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2928:
2805:
2736:
2712:
2664:
2595:
2571:
2517:
2454:
2412:
2381:
2345:
2333:
2321:
2044:
1820:(1918–1989), offensive lineman for the Detroit Lions
4854:
Italian fishermen mending nets at old T-wharf, 1929
4215:"Menino, the mayor who welcomed Sacco and Vanzetti"
3091:
3079:
2583:
2393:
2282:
2171:
1438:Candidate for Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts
1101:haddock because it was brought in by the Italians.
503:Fifty years later, in 1977, Massachusetts Governor
4694:. U. of Minn. Immigration History Research Center.
4180:
4170:
4156:
4142:
4116:
4102:
4088:
4074:
4060:
4034:
4020:
4006:
3992:
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3964:
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3792:
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3378:
3366:
3264:
3223:
2832:
2724:
2132:
2105:
1989:
1429:
4904:
4666:. New England Historical Society. 15 August 2015.
4623:
4478:"Feast of Our Lady of Mount Carmel, Worcester MA"
4421:"Feast of Saints Cosmas and Damian, Cambridge MA"
4022:"FCC Will Probe Station WCOP; Cites Fascist Ties"
3187:
3175:
3103:
3049:
2925:
2913:
2493:
1805:(b. 1950), comedian; started his career in Boston
1239:The best known Italian festival in Boston is the
321:Artist's conception of the "Federal Street Riot".
5003:
4726:Ethnics and Enclaves: Boston's Italian North End
4403:
3145:
2688:
2676:
1917:(1845–1902), seventh president of Boston College
959:In Boston as elsewhere, most Italians supported
3799:(Third ed.). University of Chicago Press.
3639:. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
3011:
1370:, and the Feast of Our Lady of Mount Carmel in
1324:, the "Healing Saints", has been celebrated in
557:Italian-American WPA workers doing roadwork in
141:. Many came through other ports, including the
4608:. The Cleveland Memory Project. Archived from
4443:
4395:
3205:
3133:
1959:(b. 1935), billionaire, entrepreneur, inventor
1782:to Massachusetts; Massachusetts state senator
1146:In 1919, brothers John and Paul Cifrino built
4890:
4445:"Feast of the Madonna Della Luce, Hingham MA"
4419:
4144:"Giuseppe Dragone; Founder of Cheese Company"
3169:
2219:
118:
4588:"Move Over, Irish; Italians Now Rule Boston"
3770:Victorian Boston Today: Twelve Walking Tours
3636:Sacco and Vanzetti: The Anarchist Background
1996:Italian Americans for Indigenous Peoples Day
1697:(b. 1932), world welterweight champion boxer
1351:, who gave all his possessions to the poor.
1281:, a 3rd-century Roman martyr, originated in
1059:
4820:(2). University of California Press: 9–30.
4244:(2). University of Chicago Press: 195–230.
4118:"Comedy Clubs Serious Business to Jay Leno"
1872:(1917–2015), shortstop for the Chicago Cubs
835:commitment to the poorest neighborhoods".)
4897:
4883:
4743:
4381:"The Fisherman's Feast, North End, Boston"
4373:"Saint Anthony's Feast, North End, Boston"
3766:
2237:
2007:Dante Alighieri Society of Massachusetts (
1923:(b. 1949), chemical engineer and astronaut
1610:(1917–2002), featherweight boxing champion
1523:
1492:to that of Italian Americans in the past.
1132:in 1939. The Prince brand is now owned by
613:, usually doing roadwork or construction.
602:in the North End is named for the couple.
125:
111:
4923:Italians in the United States before 1880
4639:
4387:
3813:
3486:
3121:
2975:
1715:(1917–2009), Boston Red Sox Hall of Famer
1495:
857:First National Bank of Boston v. Bellotti
4764:
4682:
4670:
4603:
4459:"Feast of the Three Saints, Lawrence MA"
4457:
4411:
4036:"Mrs. Langone, Civic Leader, Dies at 67"
3745:
3294:
3241:
3217:
3157:
2907:
2460:
1433:
1343:The Feast of Saint Rocco, celebrated in
1257:
1210:
1036:
901:, started an anarchist newspaper called
808:Ordre Commendatore della Corona d'Italia
764:
663:
552:
418:
316:
188:
4859:Life on the Corner: A North End Mystery
4722:
4690:
4576:
4371:
4311:
4047:from the original on September 22, 2017
3706:. University of Chicago Press. p.
3670:
3581:
3555:
3432:
3408:
3330:
3097:
3085:
3061:
2990:
2895:
2742:
2706:
2658:
2565:
2511:
2487:
2406:
2363:
2327:
2177:
2126:
1418:, a popular radio show on Boston-based
1251:, in honor of the town's patron saint,
1032:
193:Founded in 1873 by Italian immigrants,
5004:
4631:
4521:
4504:
4476:
4295:
4272:
4232:
4104:"200 attend dedication of N. End Park"
4076:"P. A. Santosuosso, Was Publisher; 75"
3952:"Thousands Struggle to Glimpse Bodies"
3819:. University Press of Cambridge. 1906.
3653:
3629:
3384:
3372:
3282:
3270:
3229:
2868:
2841:
2249:
2141:
2114:
1743:(b. 1939), Nobel laureate in Economics
1108:
4878:
4802:
4585:
4567:
4491:
4435:
4427:
4379:
4332:
4129:from the original on October 19, 2016
3980:"Italians of Boston Pay Curley Honor"
3787:
3724:
3595:
3498:
3459:
3420:
3396:
3318:
3306:
3193:
3181:
3109:
3073:
2948:
2936:
2919:
2811:
2769:
2718:
2670:
2601:
2589:
2577:
2523:
2499:
2418:
2387:
2375:
2351:
2339:
2315:
2288:
2261:
2213:
2201:
2189:
2165:
2153:
1896:(b. 1958), actor, writer and producer
1780:Order of the Sons of Italy in America
1595:Notable Italian Americans from Boston
1081:). In their small boats, they fished
291:North Bennet Street Industrial School
4811:
4698:
4647:. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from
4545:
4413:"Italia Unita festival, East Boston"
4062:"'Who Does He Think He Is?'--Powers"
3694:
3654:Bushée, Frederick Alexander (1897).
2730:
2694:
2682:
1638:(1948–2013), politician and diplomat
1458:ran against establishment candidate
471:Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti
4865:Classic Prince Spaghetti commercial
4586:Peter, Jennifer (October 5, 2004).
4558:
4494:"The Democrats' Demographic Dreams"
4437:"St. Peter's Fiesta, Gloucester MA"
3017:
2028:Italian Benevolent Society (Newton)
1470:As recently as 2003, an article in
1395:is now published in English as the
1391:, in 1905. Based in the North End,
1366:, the Feast of the Three Saints in
772:, Mayor of Boston from 1993 to 2014
278:James Donnaruma, an immigrant from
13:
5027:Italian-American culture in Boston
4785:
4715:
4590:. Free Republic. Associated Press.
4568:Pasto, James (February 28, 2013).
1049:of Boston's barbers were Italian.
863:dubbed him "the people's lawyer".
806:, where he was presented with the
14:
5038:
4842:
4594:
4570:"Street Corner Society Revisited"
4561:"North End History: The Italians"
3728:Boston's Workers: A Labor History
3588:The North End: Where It All Began
2225:
2036:Scuola Piccoli Italiani di Boston
1679:(b. 1941), scientist and educator
1644:(1896–1996), sculptor and painter
1322:Feast of Saints Cosmas and Damian
1161:Boston's first Italian cafe, the
4849:Sacco and Vanzetti photo gallery
4599:. Boston Women's Heritage Trail.
4492:Bouie, Jamelle (June 14, 2012).
4429:"Saint Rocco's Feast, Malden MA"
3604:. Boston: Beacon Press. p.
2216:, pp. 39, 74, 86, 159, 179.
2061:
2047:
2032:Professionisti Italiani a Boston
1650:(1916–1986), poet and translator
1168:
205:
4505:Hannan, James (June 25, 2015).
3752:. Montreal: Guernica Editions.
3746:LaGumina, Salvatore J. (1999).
1990:Italian organizations in Boston
1581:
1430:Discrimination and stereotyping
949:Industrial Workers of the World
616:
569:In the late 1930s, sociologist
4729:. Boston: UMI Research Press.
4546:Kotz, Nick (August 28, 2005).
2614:New England Historical Society
1836:radio show on Boston's WBUR-FM
1078:
1004:
936:; this was one in a series of
494:In attesa l'ora della vendetta
364:
1:
4686:. Massachusetts Court System.
4625:"Italian Timeline: 1850–1949"
2099:
1860:(1923–2009), jazz saxophonist
1389:La Gazzetta del Massachusetts
907:in 1903; it was published in
877:
611:Works Progress Administration
284:La Gazzetta del Massachusetts
167:Works Progress Administration
4744:Ferraiuolo, Augusto (2012).
4723:DeMarco, William M. (1981).
3767:Petronella, Mary M. (2004).
3656:Italian Immigrants in Boston
3333:, pp. 3, 10, 13–15, 17.
1842:(1913–2000), abstract artist
1685:(b. 1938), radio personality
1206:
816:Victor Emmanuel III of Italy
760:
488:, they were laid out at the
353:published an article in the
7:
3825:
3658:. Boston: South End House.
2093:From Italy to the North End
2040:
1900:Francis J. Ricciardone, Jr.
1182:
954:
947:Another radical group, the
812:Order of the Crown of Italy
755:
376:in Sicily, and others from
223:, and other neighborhoods.
10:
5043:
4807:. Graduate Masters Theses.
4765:Goldfeld, Alex R. (2009).
4604:Veronese, Gene P. (1977).
4522:Keller, Jon (March 2003).
3564:
1848:(1908–2003), radar pioneer
1703:(1931–1973), serial killer
1691:(1941-2021), jazz musician
1663:player, including for the
1215:Feast of St. Anthony, 2013
1177:
397:Spanish Influenza Pandemic
184:
15:
4931:
4913:
4788:"Italians in East Boston"
4338:The New England Quarterly
4090:"Fears of '66 come alive"
3731:. Boston Public Library.
1854:(1913–2003), photographer
1632:(1824–1896), opera singer
1191:was founded in 1873, and
1105:August in the North End.
1060:The Italian fishing fleet
895:insurrectionary anarchist
684:Lenox Dale, Massachusetts
5022:Italian-American history
4672:"About the Post-Gazette"
4627:. Boston Family History.
3854:"Death of Peter Pastene"
3725:Green, James R. (1979).
3569:
2827:& September 19, 1992
2568:, pp. 14–15, 19–20.
2554:& September 14, 1975
1618:National Football League
1377:
1279:Saint Agrippina di Mineo
738:Wakefield, Massachusetts
696:Lynnfield, Massachusetts
548:
486:Charlestown State Prison
434:there were some Italian
414:
5012:Ethnic groups in Boston
4834:10.1525/tph.2010.32.2.9
4826:10.1525/tph.2010.32.2.9
4803:Puleo, Stephen (1994).
3596:Puleo, Stephen (2007).
3346:& September 9, 1964
2857:& September 4, 1995
2629:& December 17, 1942
2476:& November 23, 2014
1878:(1882–1949), con artist
1767:(1913–1992), politician
1765:Christopher A. Iannella
1604:(b. 1970), sportscaster
1524:Intra-Italian prejudice
1262:Fisherman's Feast, 2013
899:Wrentham, Massachusetts
839:Christopher A. Iannella
726:Winthrop, Massachusetts
714:Stoneham, Massachusetts
338:lynching of 11 Italians
4692:"Forte, Felix, Papers"
4597:"Pauline Agassiz Shaw"
3544:& October 30, 2014
3529:& January 21, 1983
2800:& October 31, 2014
2647:& October 18, 1942
1978:Patriarca crime family
1811:(b. 1952), actress in
1784:Joseph A. Langone, Jr.
1579:
1496:Italians and the Irish
1447:
1263:
1253:Sant'Antonio di Padova
1216:
1045:
1002:
773:
732:Milford, Massachusetts
720:Medford, Massachusetts
708:Everett, Massachusetts
583:Joseph A. Langone, Jr.
562:
546:
448:Patriarca crime family
444:Charles "King" Solomon
427:
322:
299:Saturday Evening Girls
198:
4771:. The History Press.
4577:Peacott, Joe (2002).
4498:The American Prospect
4238:The Library Quarterly
4234:Larson, Kate Clifford
4165:. September 19, 1992.
4111:. September 14, 1975.
3361:& October 1, 1974
3050:Boston Family History
2449:& August 29, 1927
2434:& August 26, 1927
2304:& August 30, 1905
2204:, pp. 20–21, 26.
1915:Father Nicholas Russo
1830:Tom and Ray Magliozzi
1709:(1914–2009), sculptor
1661:Major League Baseball
1626:(b. 1923), politician
1574:
1437:
1424:Tom and Ray Magliozzi
1261:
1214:
1148:Upham's Corner Market
1130:Lowell, Massachusetts
1119:Canton, Massachusetts
1040:
997:
843:Street Corner Society
768:
702:Saugus, Massachusetts
690:Revere, Massachusetts
674:racial discrimination
664:Exodus to the suburbs
607:Street Corner Society
556:
541:
537:Boston Public Library
422:
355:North American Review
320:
313:"An excitable people"
192:
4814:The Public Historian
4334:Whyte, William Foote
4221:. November 23, 2014.
4175:. September 4, 1995.
4125:. January 21, 1983.
4069:. September 9, 1964.
4029:. December 17, 1942.
3789:Whyte, William Foote
3773:. UPNE. p. 43.
3475:& August 4, 1901
3309:, pp. 638, 640.
3146:Madonna Delle Grazie
3033:& March 25, 1983
3006:& March 10, 1901
2964:& March 18, 1906
2539:& April 21, 1964
2277:& March 18, 1891
2156:, pp. 626, 628.
2069:Massachusetts portal
1799:(b. 1956), scientist
1792:Frederick C. Langone
1759:A. Bartlett Giamatti
1241:Feast of St. Anthony
1189:St. Leonard's Church
1033:Business and economy
814:) on behalf of King
796:James Michael Curley
746:Frederick C. Langone
595:James Michael Curley
490:Langone funeral home
409:Great Molasses Flood
295:Pauline Agassiz Shaw
195:St. Leonard's Church
149:; others settled in
4798:on January 3, 2018.
4645:American FactFinder
4563:. North End Boston.
4299:(October 1, 2010).
4209:. October 31, 2014.
4201:. October 30, 2014.
4015:. October 18, 1942.
3448:& March 3, 1920
3399:, pp. 623–642.
3259:& April 7, 1968
2785:& June 26, 2001
2772:, pp. 185–189.
2378:, pp. 156–157.
2318:, pp. 113–115.
1939:George A. Scigliano
1902:(b. 1952), diplomat
1735:Chris Evans (actor)
1624:Francis X. Bellotti
1456:Francis X. Bellotti
1440:Francis X. Bellotti
1193:Sacred Heart Church
1154:, one of the first
1109:Historic businesses
913:Lynn, Massachusetts
853:Francis X. Bellotti
640:Postwar immigration
571:William Foote Whyte
533:Frederick Mansfield
344:—gathered in
262:George A. Scigliano
31:Ethnicity in Boston
25:Part of a series on
4633:"About Bostoniano"
4552:The New York Times
4097:. October 1, 1974.
4043:. April 21, 1964.
3973:. August 29, 1927.
3959:. August 26, 1927.
3889:. August 30, 1905.
3514:& July 4, 1938
3206:Madonna Della Luce
3134:Madonna Della Cava
2951:, pp. 9, 182.
2758:& June 8, 1930
2366:, pp. 15, 17.
2264:, pp. 72, 91.
2168:, pp. 70, 81.
1840:Conrad Marca-Relli
1832:, co-hosts of the
1788:Clementina Langone
1659:(b. 1947), former
1630:Eliza Biscaccianti
1616:(b. 1963), former
1448:
1356:St. Peter's Fiesta
1297:San Sossio Baronia
1264:
1217:
1046:
1021:were Republicans.
938:anarchist bombings
934:A. Mitchell Palmer
904:Cronaca Sovversiva
800:lace curtain Irish
774:
563:
465:Sacco and Vanzetti
428:
323:
199:
5017:History of Boston
4999:
4998:
4906:Italian Americans
4595:Smith, Bonnie H.
4366:Festival websites
4314:Italian Americana
4276:Italian Americana
4151:. March 25, 1983.
3903:. March 18, 1906.
3875:. August 4, 1901.
3861:. March 10, 1901.
3847:. March 18, 1891.
3680:. Cambria Press.
3423:, pp. 14–15.
3170:Cosmas and Damian
3076:, pp. 15–16.
2993:, pp. 56–60.
2884:& May 2, 1919
2192:, pp. 9, 70.
2089:Anthony V. Riccio
1951:Robert Travaglini
1927:Joseph T. Salerno
1846:John W. Marchetti
1642:Emilius R. Ciampa
1478:Robert Travaglini
1442:and Boston Mayor
1338:Cosmas and Damian
1091:Martha's Vineyard
1083:Massachusetts Bay
788:, they voted for
351:Henry Cabot Lodge
301:club, started by
255:Community support
135:
134:
18:Italian Americans
5034:
4918:Italian diaspora
4899:
4892:
4885:
4876:
4875:
4866:
4837:
4808:
4799:
4794:. Archived from
4786:Hussey, Olivia.
4782:
4761:
4740:
4710:
4708:
4706:
4695:
4687:
4679:
4676:The Post-Gazette
4667:
4659:
4657:
4656:
4636:
4628:
4620:
4618:
4617:
4600:
4591:
4582:
4573:
4564:
4559:Nichols, Guild.
4555:
4542:
4540:
4539:
4530:. Archived from
4524:"The Godfathers"
4518:
4501:
4481:
4473:
4471:
4470:
4461:. Archived from
4454:
4440:
4432:
4424:
4416:
4408:
4400:
4392:
4384:
4376:
4361:
4329:
4308:
4292:
4269:
4222:
4219:The Boston Globe
4210:
4202:
4199:The Boston Globe
4190:
4189:. June 26, 2001.
4187:The Boston Globe
4184:
4176:
4174:
4166:
4163:The Boston Globe
4160:
4152:
4149:The Boston Globe
4146:
4138:
4136:
4134:
4123:The Boston Globe
4120:
4112:
4109:The Boston Globe
4106:
4098:
4095:The Boston Globe
4092:
4084:
4083:. April 7, 1968.
4081:The Boston Globe
4078:
4070:
4067:The Boston Globe
4064:
4056:
4054:
4052:
4041:The Boston Globe
4038:
4030:
4027:The Boston Globe
4024:
4016:
4013:The Boston Globe
4010:
4002:
3999:The Boston Globe
3996:
3988:
3985:The Boston Globe
3982:
3974:
3971:The Boston Globe
3968:
3960:
3957:The Boston Globe
3954:
3946:
3945:. March 3, 1920.
3943:The Boston Globe
3940:
3932:
3929:The Boston Globe
3926:
3918:
3917:. June 18, 1906.
3915:The Boston Globe
3912:
3904:
3901:The Boston Globe
3898:
3890:
3887:The Boston Globe
3884:
3876:
3873:The Boston Globe
3870:
3862:
3859:The Boston Globe
3856:
3848:
3845:The Boston Globe
3842:
3832:The Boston Globe
3820:
3810:
3798:
3784:
3763:
3742:
3721:
3705:
3691:
3672:Caetani, Gelasio
3667:
3650:
3619:
3603:
3592:
3559:
3553:
3547:
3542:The Boston Globe
3538:
3532:
3527:The Boston Globe
3523:
3517:
3512:The Boston Globe
3508:
3502:
3496:
3490:
3484:
3478:
3473:The Boston Globe
3469:
3463:
3457:
3451:
3446:The Boston Globe
3442:
3436:
3430:
3424:
3418:
3412:
3406:
3400:
3394:
3388:
3382:
3376:
3370:
3364:
3359:The Boston Globe
3355:
3349:
3344:The Boston Globe
3340:
3334:
3328:
3322:
3316:
3310:
3304:
3298:
3292:
3286:
3285:, pp. 5–15.
3280:
3274:
3268:
3262:
3257:The Boston Globe
3253:
3247:
3239:
3233:
3227:
3221:
3215:
3209:
3203:
3197:
3191:
3185:
3179:
3173:
3167:
3161:
3155:
3149:
3143:
3137:
3131:
3125:
3119:
3113:
3107:
3101:
3095:
3089:
3083:
3077:
3071:
3065:
3059:
3053:
3047:
3036:
3031:The Boston Globe
3027:
3021:
3015:
3009:
3004:The Boston Globe
3000:
2994:
2988:
2979:
2973:
2967:
2962:The Boston Globe
2958:
2952:
2946:
2940:
2934:
2923:
2917:
2911:
2905:
2899:
2893:
2887:
2882:The Boston Globe
2878:
2872:
2866:
2860:
2855:The Boston Globe
2851:
2845:
2839:
2830:
2825:The Boston Globe
2821:
2815:
2809:
2803:
2798:The Boston Globe
2794:
2788:
2783:The Boston Globe
2779:
2773:
2767:
2761:
2756:The Boston Globe
2752:
2746:
2740:
2734:
2728:
2722:
2716:
2710:
2704:
2698:
2692:
2686:
2680:
2674:
2668:
2662:
2656:
2650:
2645:The Boston Globe
2641:
2632:
2627:The Boston Globe
2623:
2617:
2611:
2605:
2599:
2593:
2587:
2581:
2575:
2569:
2563:
2557:
2552:The Boston Globe
2548:
2542:
2537:The Boston Globe
2533:
2527:
2521:
2515:
2509:
2503:
2497:
2491:
2490:, pp. 3, 5.
2485:
2479:
2474:The Boston Globe
2470:
2464:
2458:
2452:
2447:The Boston Globe
2443:
2437:
2432:The Boston Globe
2428:
2422:
2416:
2410:
2404:
2391:
2385:
2379:
2373:
2367:
2361:
2355:
2349:
2343:
2337:
2331:
2325:
2319:
2313:
2307:
2302:The Boston Globe
2298:
2292:
2286:
2280:
2275:The Boston Globe
2271:
2265:
2259:
2253:
2247:
2241:
2235:
2229:
2223:
2217:
2211:
2205:
2199:
2193:
2187:
2181:
2175:
2169:
2163:
2157:
2151:
2145:
2139:
2130:
2129:, pp. 2, 4.
2124:
2118:
2112:
2071:
2066:
2065:
2064:
2057:
2052:
2051:
2050:
1982:Winter Hill Gang
1945:Marti Sementelli
1719:Salvatore DiMasi
1683:Ron Della Chiesa
1657:Billy Conigliaro
1537:Italians"—
1460:Endicott Peabody
1401:The Italian News
993:The Boston Globe
961:Benito Mussolini
940:that led to the
822:The "little man"
804:Boston City Club
748:helped slow the
498:The Boston Globe
127:
120:
113:
85:Native Americans
40:African American
22:
21:
5042:
5041:
5037:
5036:
5035:
5033:
5032:
5031:
5002:
5001:
5000:
4995:
4927:
4909:
4903:
4864:
4845:
4840:
4779:
4758:
4737:
4718:
4716:Further reading
4713:
4704:
4702:
4654:
4652:
4615:
4613:
4537:
4535:
4528:Boston Magazine
4468:
4466:
4305:BC Law Magazine
4132:
4130:
4050:
4048:
4001:. July 4, 1938.
3987:. June 8, 1930.
3828:
3823:
3807:
3781:
3760:
3739:
3718:
3696:Gamm, Gerald H.
3688:
3647:
3616:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3554:
3550:
3539:
3535:
3524:
3520:
3509:
3505:
3497:
3493:
3485:
3481:
3470:
3466:
3458:
3454:
3443:
3439:
3431:
3427:
3419:
3415:
3407:
3403:
3395:
3391:
3383:
3379:
3371:
3367:
3356:
3352:
3341:
3337:
3329:
3325:
3317:
3313:
3305:
3301:
3293:
3289:
3281:
3277:
3269:
3265:
3254:
3250:
3240:
3236:
3228:
3224:
3216:
3212:
3204:
3200:
3192:
3188:
3180:
3176:
3168:
3164:
3156:
3152:
3144:
3140:
3132:
3128:
3120:
3116:
3108:
3104:
3096:
3092:
3084:
3080:
3072:
3068:
3060:
3056:
3048:
3039:
3028:
3024:
3016:
3012:
3001:
2997:
2989:
2982:
2974:
2970:
2959:
2955:
2947:
2943:
2935:
2926:
2918:
2914:
2906:
2902:
2894:
2890:
2879:
2875:
2867:
2863:
2852:
2848:
2840:
2833:
2822:
2818:
2810:
2806:
2795:
2791:
2780:
2776:
2768:
2764:
2753:
2749:
2741:
2737:
2729:
2725:
2717:
2713:
2705:
2701:
2693:
2689:
2681:
2677:
2669:
2665:
2661:, pp. 5–6.
2657:
2653:
2642:
2635:
2624:
2620:
2612:
2608:
2600:
2596:
2588:
2584:
2576:
2572:
2564:
2560:
2549:
2545:
2534:
2530:
2522:
2518:
2510:
2506:
2498:
2494:
2486:
2482:
2471:
2467:
2459:
2455:
2444:
2440:
2429:
2425:
2417:
2413:
2405:
2394:
2386:
2382:
2374:
2370:
2362:
2358:
2350:
2346:
2338:
2334:
2326:
2322:
2314:
2310:
2299:
2295:
2287:
2283:
2272:
2268:
2260:
2256:
2248:
2244:
2238:Petronella 2004
2236:
2232:
2224:
2220:
2212:
2208:
2200:
2196:
2188:
2184:
2176:
2172:
2164:
2160:
2152:
2148:
2140:
2133:
2125:
2121:
2113:
2106:
2102:
2067:
2062:
2060:
2053:
2048:
2046:
2043:
1992:
1987:
1974:Gennaro Angiulo
1970:Gaspare Messina
1858:Charlie Mariano
1786:; civic leader
1671:Tony Conigliaro
1597:
1584:
1526:
1498:
1444:John F. Collins
1432:
1380:
1288:Villagers from
1223:of their local
1209:
1185:
1180:
1171:
1134:New World Pasta
1111:
1062:
1035:
1007:
957:
883:Gruppo Autonomo
880:
763:
758:
666:
619:
551:
505:Michael Dukakis
452:Gaspare Messina
417:
367:
208:
187:
131:
94:
20:
12:
11:
5:
5040:
5030:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5014:
4997:
4996:
4994:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4932:
4929:
4928:
4926:
4925:
4920:
4914:
4911:
4910:
4902:
4901:
4894:
4887:
4879:
4873:
4872:
4861:
4856:
4851:
4844:
4843:External links
4841:
4839:
4838:
4809:
4800:
4783:
4777:
4762:
4756:
4750:. SUNY Press.
4741:
4735:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4711:
4696:
4688:
4684:"Proclamation"
4680:
4668:
4660:
4637:
4629:
4621:
4601:
4592:
4583:
4574:
4565:
4556:
4543:
4519:
4502:
4483:
4482:
4474:
4455:
4441:
4433:
4425:
4417:
4409:
4401:
4393:
4385:
4377:
4363:
4362:
4350:10.2307/360446
4344:(4): 623–642.
4330:
4320:(2): 133–146.
4309:
4293:
4270:
4250:10.1086/603261
4224:
4223:
4211:
4203:
4191:
4177:
4167:
4153:
4139:
4113:
4099:
4085:
4071:
4057:
4031:
4017:
4003:
3989:
3975:
3961:
3947:
3933:
3931:. May 2, 1919.
3919:
3905:
3891:
3877:
3863:
3849:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3821:
3811:
3805:
3785:
3779:
3764:
3758:
3743:
3737:
3722:
3716:
3692:
3686:
3668:
3651:
3645:
3621:
3620:
3614:
3593:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3560:
3558:, p. 100.
3548:
3533:
3518:
3503:
3501:, p. 281.
3491:
3479:
3464:
3452:
3437:
3425:
3413:
3401:
3389:
3377:
3365:
3350:
3335:
3323:
3321:, p. 111.
3311:
3299:
3287:
3275:
3263:
3248:
3234:
3222:
3210:
3198:
3186:
3174:
3162:
3150:
3138:
3126:
3114:
3102:
3090:
3078:
3066:
3054:
3037:
3022:
3010:
2995:
2980:
2978:, p. 657.
2968:
2953:
2941:
2924:
2912:
2910:, p. 266.
2900:
2888:
2873:
2871:, p. 102.
2861:
2846:
2831:
2816:
2814:, p. 352.
2804:
2789:
2774:
2762:
2747:
2735:
2723:
2721:, p. 141.
2711:
2699:
2687:
2675:
2673:, p. 227.
2663:
2651:
2633:
2618:
2606:
2604:, p. 200.
2594:
2582:
2580:, p. 178.
2570:
2558:
2543:
2528:
2526:, p. 639.
2516:
2504:
2492:
2480:
2465:
2453:
2438:
2423:
2421:, p. 142.
2411:
2392:
2390:, p. 156.
2380:
2368:
2356:
2354:, p. 123.
2344:
2342:, p. 134.
2332:
2320:
2308:
2293:
2281:
2266:
2254:
2252:, p. 195.
2242:
2230:
2218:
2206:
2194:
2182:
2170:
2158:
2146:
2131:
2119:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2097:
2096:
2086:
2080:
2073:
2072:
2058:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2037:
2034:
2029:
2026:
2012:
2005:
2000:Italia Unita (
1998:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1985:
1966:
1960:
1957:Andrew Viterbi
1954:
1948:
1942:
1936:
1930:
1924:
1918:
1912:
1903:
1897:
1894:Frank Renzulli
1891:
1885:
1882:Andrew Puopolo
1879:
1873:
1870:Lennie Merullo
1867:
1861:
1855:
1849:
1843:
1837:
1827:
1824:Larry Lucchino
1821:
1815:
1809:Marianne Leone
1806:
1800:
1794:
1768:
1762:
1756:
1753:Foster Furcolo
1750:
1747:John Ferruggio
1744:
1738:
1732:
1725:Gary DiSarcina
1722:
1716:
1710:
1707:Adio diBiccari
1704:
1701:Albert DeSalvo
1698:
1692:
1686:
1680:
1677:Charles DeLisi
1674:
1668:
1665:Boston Red Sox
1654:
1651:
1645:
1639:
1633:
1627:
1621:
1611:
1605:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1583:
1580:
1525:
1522:
1497:
1494:
1464:John E. Powers
1454:In 1964, when
1431:
1428:
1379:
1376:
1208:
1205:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1170:
1167:
1163:Caffé Vittoria
1110:
1107:
1061:
1058:
1034:
1031:
1006:
1003:
956:
953:
909:Barre, Vermont
891:Luigi Galleani
879:
876:
832:gentrification
762:
759:
757:
754:
750:gentrification
742:
741:
735:
729:
723:
717:
711:
705:
699:
693:
687:
665:
662:
618:
615:
550:
547:
529:Charles Hurley
525:Mount Rushmore
521:Gutzon Borglum
416:
413:
366:
363:
336:Following the
303:Edith Guerrier
207:
204:
186:
183:
143:Port of Boston
133:
132:
130:
129:
122:
115:
107:
104:
103:
102:
101:
96:
95:
93:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
42:
34:
33:
27:
26:
16:Main article:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5039:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5009:
5007:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4981:San Francisco
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4971:New York City
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4933:
4930:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4915:
4912:
4907:
4900:
4895:
4893:
4888:
4886:
4881:
4880:
4877:
4871:
4867:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4846:
4835:
4831:
4827:
4823:
4819:
4815:
4810:
4806:
4801:
4797:
4793:
4792:Global Boston
4789:
4784:
4780:
4778:9781596295186
4774:
4770:
4769:
4763:
4759:
4757:9781438428147
4753:
4749:
4748:
4742:
4738:
4736:9780835712514
4732:
4728:
4727:
4721:
4720:
4701:
4697:
4693:
4689:
4685:
4681:
4677:
4673:
4669:
4665:
4661:
4651:on 2020-02-14
4650:
4646:
4642:
4638:
4635:. Bostoniano.
4634:
4630:
4626:
4622:
4612:on 2005-09-01
4611:
4607:
4602:
4598:
4593:
4589:
4584:
4580:
4575:
4572:. Bostoniano.
4571:
4566:
4562:
4557:
4553:
4549:
4544:
4534:on 2017-02-11
4533:
4529:
4525:
4520:
4516:
4512:
4510:
4503:
4499:
4495:
4490:
4489:
4488:
4487:
4479:
4475:
4465:on 2016-10-14
4464:
4460:
4456:
4452:
4451:
4446:
4442:
4438:
4434:
4430:
4426:
4422:
4418:
4414:
4410:
4406:
4402:
4398:
4394:
4390:
4386:
4382:
4378:
4374:
4370:
4369:
4368:
4367:
4359:
4355:
4351:
4347:
4343:
4339:
4335:
4331:
4327:
4323:
4319:
4315:
4310:
4306:
4302:
4298:
4294:
4290:
4286:
4282:
4278:
4277:
4271:
4267:
4263:
4259:
4255:
4251:
4247:
4243:
4239:
4235:
4231:
4230:
4229:
4228:
4220:
4216:
4212:
4208:
4204:
4200:
4196:
4192:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4128:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4046:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4014:
4009:
4004:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3835:
3834:
3833:
3818:
3817:
3812:
3808:
3802:
3797:
3796:
3790:
3786:
3782:
3780:9781555536053
3776:
3772:
3771:
3765:
3761:
3759:9781550710472
3755:
3751:
3750:
3744:
3740:
3738:9780890730560
3734:
3730:
3729:
3723:
3719:
3717:9780226280608
3713:
3709:
3704:
3703:
3697:
3693:
3689:
3687:9781621969266
3683:
3679:
3678:
3673:
3669:
3665:
3661:
3657:
3652:
3648:
3646:9780691047898
3642:
3638:
3637:
3632:
3628:
3627:
3626:
3625:
3617:
3615:9780807050361
3611:
3607:
3602:
3601:
3594:
3590:
3589:
3584:
3583:Langone, Fred
3580:
3579:
3578:
3577:
3557:
3552:
3545:
3543:
3537:
3530:
3528:
3522:
3515:
3513:
3507:
3500:
3495:
3488:
3487:Census Bureau
3483:
3476:
3474:
3468:
3462:, p. 82.
3461:
3456:
3449:
3447:
3441:
3435:, p. 13.
3434:
3429:
3422:
3417:
3411:, p. 12.
3410:
3405:
3398:
3393:
3386:
3381:
3374:
3369:
3362:
3360:
3354:
3347:
3345:
3339:
3332:
3327:
3320:
3315:
3308:
3303:
3296:
3295:Veronese 1977
3291:
3284:
3279:
3272:
3267:
3260:
3258:
3252:
3245:
3244:
3238:
3231:
3226:
3219:
3214:
3207:
3202:
3195:
3190:
3183:
3178:
3171:
3166:
3159:
3154:
3147:
3142:
3135:
3130:
3123:
3122:St. Agrippina
3118:
3111:
3106:
3099:
3094:
3087:
3082:
3075:
3070:
3063:
3058:
3051:
3046:
3044:
3042:
3034:
3032:
3026:
3019:
3014:
3007:
3005:
2999:
2992:
2987:
2985:
2977:
2976:Massachusetts
2972:
2965:
2963:
2957:
2950:
2945:
2938:
2933:
2931:
2929:
2921:
2916:
2909:
2908:LaGumina 1999
2904:
2898:, p. 94.
2897:
2892:
2885:
2883:
2877:
2870:
2865:
2858:
2856:
2850:
2843:
2838:
2836:
2828:
2826:
2820:
2813:
2808:
2801:
2799:
2793:
2786:
2784:
2778:
2771:
2766:
2759:
2757:
2751:
2744:
2739:
2733:, p. 75.
2732:
2727:
2720:
2715:
2709:, p. ii.
2708:
2703:
2696:
2691:
2684:
2679:
2672:
2667:
2660:
2655:
2648:
2646:
2640:
2638:
2630:
2628:
2622:
2615:
2610:
2603:
2598:
2592:, p. xv.
2591:
2586:
2579:
2574:
2567:
2562:
2555:
2553:
2547:
2540:
2538:
2532:
2525:
2520:
2514:, p. 21.
2513:
2508:
2501:
2496:
2489:
2484:
2477:
2475:
2469:
2462:
2457:
2450:
2448:
2442:
2435:
2433:
2427:
2420:
2415:
2408:
2403:
2401:
2399:
2397:
2389:
2384:
2377:
2372:
2365:
2360:
2353:
2348:
2341:
2336:
2329:
2324:
2317:
2312:
2305:
2303:
2297:
2291:, p. 79.
2290:
2285:
2278:
2276:
2270:
2263:
2258:
2251:
2246:
2240:, p. 43.
2239:
2234:
2227:
2222:
2215:
2210:
2203:
2198:
2191:
2186:
2179:
2174:
2167:
2162:
2155:
2150:
2143:
2138:
2136:
2128:
2123:
2116:
2111:
2109:
2104:
2094:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2075:
2074:
2070:
2059:
2056:
2045:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2015:Sons of Italy
2013:
2010:
2006:
2003:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1993:
1983:
1979:
1976:, et al. See
1975:
1971:
1967:
1964:
1963:John A. Volpe
1961:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1933:Melissa Satta
1931:
1928:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1910:The Godfather
1907:
1904:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1877:
1876:Charles Ponzi
1874:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1864:Thomas Menino
1862:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1831:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1772:Marsico Nuovo
1769:
1766:
1763:
1760:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1730:
1729:New York Mets
1726:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1714:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1636:Paul Cellucci
1634:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1602:Joe Amorosino
1600:
1599:
1592:
1588:
1578:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1504:
1493:
1489:
1487:
1483:
1482:Boston Herald
1479:
1475:
1474:
1468:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1452:
1445:
1441:
1436:
1427:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1416:
1409:
1408:
1404:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1385:
1384:
1375:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1352:
1350:
1346:
1341:
1339:
1335:
1334:central Italy
1331:
1327:
1323:
1318:
1317:
1316:Massachusetts
1313:
1309:
1308:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1293:
1291:
1286:
1284:
1280:
1277:The Feast of
1275:
1273:
1269:
1260:
1256:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1245:Montefalcione
1242:
1237:
1236:
1232:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1213:
1204:
1201:
1196:
1194:
1190:
1175:
1166:
1164:
1159:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1144:
1143:
1137:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1126:Prince Street
1122:
1120:
1114:
1106:
1102:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1067:
1057:
1054:
1050:
1043:
1039:
1030:
1028:
1027:Thomas Menino
1022:
1020:
1016:
1015:Paul Cellucci
1012:
1001:
996:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
952:
950:
945:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
926:
920:
918:
914:
911:and later in
910:
906:
905:
900:
896:
893:, an Italian
892:
888:
884:
875:
873:
869:
864:
862:
858:
854:
850:
848:
844:
840:
836:
833:
827:
824:
823:
819:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
791:
787:
783:
779:
771:
770:Thomas Menino
767:
753:
751:
747:
739:
736:
733:
730:
727:
724:
721:
718:
715:
712:
709:
706:
703:
700:
697:
694:
691:
688:
685:
682:
681:
680:
677:
675:
671:
661:
659:
655:
651:
647:
642:
641:
637:
635:
630:
628:
623:
614:
612:
608:
603:
601:
596:
590:
588:
585:and his wife
584:
579:
578:
572:
567:
560:
555:
545:
540:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
517:Paul Cellucci
514:
513:Thomas Menino
509:
506:
501:
499:
495:
491:
487:
482:
480:
476:
472:
467:
466:
462:
460:
459:Logan Airport
455:
453:
450:, founded by
449:
445:
441:
440:Frank Wallace
437:
433:
425:
421:
412:
410:
405:
403:
402:Jamaica Plain
398:
395:In 1918, the
393:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
370:
362:
358:
356:
352:
347:
343:
339:
334:
332:
328:
319:
315:
314:
310:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
287:
285:
281:
276:
274:
272:
265:
263:
257:
256:
252:
250:
245:
240:
239:
238:The North End
235:
233:
229:
224:
222:
218:
214:
206:1890s – 1910s
203:
196:
191:
182:
180:
174:
172:
168:
162:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
128:
123:
121:
116:
114:
109:
108:
106:
105:
100:
99:
98:
97:
91:
88:
86:
83:
81:
78:
76:
73:
71:
68:
66:
63:
61:
58:
56:
53:
51:
48:
46:
43:
41:
38:
37:
36:
35:
32:
29:
28:
24:
23:
19:
4976:Philadelphia
4945:
4817:
4813:
4796:the original
4791:
4767:
4746:
4725:
4705:February 29,
4703:. Retrieved
4675:
4653:. Retrieved
4649:the original
4644:
4614:. Retrieved
4610:the original
4581:. Bad Press.
4551:
4536:. Retrieved
4532:the original
4527:
4514:
4508:
4497:
4485:
4484:
4467:. Retrieved
4463:the original
4448:
4365:
4364:
4341:
4337:
4317:
4313:
4304:
4297:Santos, Jody
4280:
4274:
4241:
4237:
4226:
4225:
4218:
4198:
4186:
4162:
4148:
4131:. Retrieved
4122:
4108:
4094:
4080:
4066:
4049:. Retrieved
4040:
4026:
4012:
3998:
3984:
3970:
3956:
3942:
3928:
3914:
3900:
3886:
3872:
3858:
3844:
3831:
3830:
3815:
3794:
3769:
3748:
3727:
3701:
3676:
3655:
3635:
3631:Avrich, Paul
3623:
3622:
3599:
3587:
3575:
3574:
3556:Langone 1994
3551:
3541:
3536:
3526:
3521:
3511:
3506:
3494:
3482:
3472:
3467:
3455:
3445:
3440:
3433:Langone 1994
3428:
3416:
3409:Langone 1994
3404:
3392:
3380:
3368:
3358:
3353:
3343:
3338:
3331:Langone 1994
3326:
3314:
3302:
3290:
3278:
3266:
3256:
3251:
3243:Post-Gazette
3242:
3237:
3225:
3218:Three Saints
3213:
3201:
3189:
3177:
3165:
3158:Italia Unita
3153:
3141:
3129:
3117:
3105:
3093:
3086:Scalise 2006
3081:
3069:
3064:, p. 3.
3062:Langone 1994
3057:
3030:
3025:
3013:
3003:
2998:
2991:Langone 1994
2971:
2961:
2956:
2944:
2915:
2903:
2896:Caetani 2008
2891:
2881:
2876:
2864:
2854:
2849:
2824:
2819:
2807:
2797:
2792:
2782:
2777:
2765:
2755:
2750:
2745:, p. 8.
2743:Langone 1994
2738:
2726:
2714:
2707:Langone 1994
2702:
2690:
2678:
2666:
2659:Langone 1994
2654:
2644:
2626:
2621:
2609:
2597:
2585:
2573:
2566:Langone 1994
2561:
2551:
2546:
2536:
2531:
2519:
2512:Langone 1994
2507:
2495:
2488:Langone 1994
2483:
2473:
2468:
2461:Proclamation
2456:
2446:
2441:
2431:
2426:
2414:
2407:Peacott 2002
2383:
2371:
2364:Langone 1994
2359:
2347:
2335:
2330:, p. 4.
2328:Langone 1994
2323:
2311:
2301:
2296:
2284:
2274:
2269:
2257:
2245:
2233:
2221:
2209:
2197:
2185:
2180:, p. 2.
2178:Langone 1994
2173:
2161:
2149:
2144:, p. 5.
2127:Langone 1994
2122:
2117:, p. 4.
2092:
2077:Jules Aarons
2055:Italy portal
1921:Albert Sacco
1833:
1813:The Sopranos
1812:
1797:Robert Lanza
1713:Dom DiMaggio
1695:Tony DeMarco
1589:
1585:
1582:Demographics
1575:
1566:
1534:Boston Globe
1533:
1531:
1527:
1519:
1515:Boston Globe
1514:
1507:
1499:
1490:
1481:
1472:
1469:
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1397:Post-Gazette
1396:
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1386:
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1353:
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1294:
1290:Pietraperzia
1287:
1276:
1265:
1238:
1234:
1233:
1225:patron saint
1218:
1200:proselytized
1197:
1186:
1172:
1160:
1156:supermarkets
1145:
1138:
1123:
1115:
1112:
1103:
1063:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1023:
1008:
998:
992:
980:
965:Adolf Hitler
958:
946:
942:Palmer Raids
930:North Square
923:
921:
917:L'Agitazione
916:
902:
882:
881:
871:
868:Mimie Pitaro
865:
851:
842:
837:
828:
825:
821:
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743:
678:
667:
643:
639:
638:
631:
627:enemy aliens
624:
620:
617:World War II
606:
604:
600:Langone Park
591:
575:
568:
564:
542:
510:
502:
497:
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468:
464:
463:
456:
429:
424:L'Agitazione
423:
406:
394:
371:
368:
359:
354:
346:Faneuil Hall
342:Boston Globe
341:
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324:
312:
311:
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277:
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266:
258:
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249:Great Famine
241:
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225:
209:
200:
175:
163:
139:Ellis Island
136:
74:
55:Cape Verdean
4966:New Orleans
4961:Mississippi
4908:by location
4507:"Review of
4283:(1): 5–15.
3385:Hannan 2015
3373:Keller 2003
3283:Newton 1996
3098:St. Anthony
2869:Avrich 1991
2842:Santos 2010
2250:Larson 2001
2142:Bushée 1897
2115:Bushée 1897
2083:Scali bread
2002:East Boston
1852:Luis Marden
1741:Eugene Fama
1689:Chick Corea
1667:(1969–1971)
1648:John Ciardi
1614:Mark Bavaro
1608:Sal Bartolo
1570:Neapolitans
1551:Lombardians
1543:Piedmontese
1510:Charlestown
1393:La Gazzetta
1349:Saint Rocco
1307:East Boston
1169:Present day
1142:Saputo Inc.
1066:Grand Banks
1005:Present day
989:Louis Lyons
925:Galleanisti
861:Jody Santos
436:bootleggers
432:Prohibition
365:World War I
307:S.E.G. News
213:East Boston
151:East Boston
5006:Categories
4655:2016-10-19
4616:2016-10-19
4538:2016-10-19
4515:Commonweal
4469:2016-10-19
3806:0226895432
3499:Puleo 2007
3460:Puleo 2007
3421:Puleo 2007
3397:Whyte 1939
3319:Green 1979
3307:Whyte 1939
3271:Bostoniano
3230:Mt. Carmel
3074:Puleo 2007
2949:Puleo 2007
2937:Peter 2004
2920:Bouie 2012
2812:Whyte 1981
2770:Puleo 2007
2719:Puleo 2007
2671:Puleo 2007
2602:Puleo 2007
2590:Whyte 1981
2578:Puleo 2007
2524:Whyte 1939
2500:Pasto 2013
2419:Puleo 2007
2388:Puleo 2007
2376:Puleo 2007
2352:Puleo 2007
2340:Puleo 2007
2316:Puleo 2007
2289:Puleo 2007
2262:Green 1979
2214:Puleo 2007
2202:Puleo 2007
2190:Puleo 2007
2166:Puleo 2007
2154:Whyte 1939
2100:References
1906:Alex Rocco
1532:In a 1901
1503:olive skin
1486:Howie Carr
1484:columnist
1383:Newspapers
1360:Gloucester
1152:Dorchester
1019:John Volpe
1011:Republican
995:reported:
981:Giovinezza
878:Anarchists
778:Democratic
587:Clementina
559:Dorchester
282:, founded
179:gentrified
90:Vietnamese
4941:Baltimore
4266:141250519
3194:St. Peter
3182:St. Rocco
3110:Fisherman
2731:Gamm 1989
2683:Kotz 2005
2009:Cambridge
1968:Mobsters
1888:Art Raimo
1818:Augie Lio
1620:tight end
1563:Bolognese
1555:Venetians
1446:, c. 1962
1372:Worcester
1326:Cambridge
1235:North End
1221:feast day
1207:Festivals
1095:Nantucket
1079:Festivals
1042:Haymarket
1000:America'.
977:Worcester
887:anarchist
761:Democrats
670:G.I. Bill
511:In 1997,
475:Stoughton
473:lived in
457:In 1923,
244:tenements
171:G.I. Bill
147:North End
50:Brazilian
4986:Syracuse
4936:Arkansas
4450:Facebook
4326:41427584
4307:: 12–15.
4289:29776333
4227:Journals
4127:Archived
4045:Archived
3826:Articles
3791:(1981).
3698:(1989).
3674:(2008).
3664:60225533
3633:(1991).
3585:(1994).
2695:ZipAtlas
2041:See also
1834:Car Talk
1803:Jay Leno
1415:Car Talk
1368:Lawrence
1301:Avellino
1249:Avellino
1183:Religion
1087:Cape Cod
969:Lawrence
955:Fascists
847:West End
756:Politics
740:, 23.21%
734:, 24.96%
728:, 25.42%
722:, 27.20%
716:, 27.77%
710:, 28.73%
704:, 33.13%
698:, 33.65%
692:, 35.67%
686:, 42.47%
654:Frascati
561:, 1930s.
479:Plymouth
386:Calabria
221:West End
169:and the
155:West End
45:Albanian
4956:Detroit
4951:Chicago
4870:YouTube
4258:4309506
4133:July 6,
4051:July 6,
3565:Sources
3018:Nichols
2019:Belmont
1776:Potenza
1547:Tuscans
1539:Genoese
1420:WBUR-FM
1364:Hingham
1268:Sciacca
1178:Culture
1071:Sciacca
885:was an
790:Harding
658:yuppies
646:Sulmona
430:During
390:Potenza
382:Abruzzi
374:Sciacca
331:Puritan
327:Yankees
325:To the
280:Salerno
271:padrone
217:Roxbury
185:History
159:Roxbury
75:Italian
65:Germans
60:Chinese
4946:Boston
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1565:, and
1559:Romans
1473:Boston
1345:Malden
1272:Sicily
1099:guinea
1093:, and
1075:Sicily
975:, and
973:Lowell
866:Msgr.
782:Wilson
650:Apulia
388:, and
378:Naples
273:system
219:, the
153:, the
80:Korean
4830:JSTOR
4486:Other
4354:JSTOR
4322:JSTOR
4285:JSTOR
4262:S2CID
4254:JSTOR
3660:JSTOR
3624:Other
3570:Books
2226:Smith
1407:Radio
1378:Media
1330:Gaeta
1283:Mineo
872:Globe
786:Fiume
549:1930s
544:vain.
415:1920s
232:Parma
228:Genoa
70:Irish
4991:Utah
4773:ISBN
4752:ISBN
4731:ISBN
4707:2016
4135:2017
4053:2017
3801:ISBN
3775:ISBN
3754:ISBN
3733:ISBN
3712:ISBN
3682:ISBN
3641:ISBN
3610:ISBN
3576:Main
1980:and
1567:some
1320:The
1229:mass
1085:off
1017:and
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634:WCOP
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