27:
883:
1728:
489:, a value of 7.6 was obtained. This indicated that maximum winds at the surface could have been as high as 181 mph (291 km/h); however, this was not used as the reported intensity as six- to twelve-hour averages indicated sustained winds around 160 mph (260 km/h). After maintaining this intensity for roughly 18 hours, the system began to weaken as it moved into a less favorable environment with moderate wind shear. Cloud temperatures within the eyewall also began to increase, indicating that the hurricane was losing intensity.
493:
160:
2033:
1661:
323:
254:
436:
1671:
474:). A brief period of weakening took place later that day before further strengthening ensued. Late on August 4, Guillermo intensified into a Category 5 hurricane, attaining peak winds of 160 mph (260 km/h). Operational analysis of satellite information indicated a minimum pressure of 921 hPa (27.20 inHg); however, post-storm studies stated that the pressure was more likely around 919 hPa (27.14 inHg).
333:
343:
1203:
1326:
1412:
1334:
519:, warm waters of 26 °C (79 °F) allowed Guillermo to re-intensify into a tropical storm on August 11. Gradually, the storm attained winds of 65 mph (105 km/h) before succumbing to cooler waters further north. The storm weakened to a tropical depression once more on August 15, situated well to the north of the
830:
In addition to coastal impacts, the system brought a surge of warm, moist air into
Southern California, bringing temperatures in some areas as high as 110 °F (43 °C). Between August 15 and 17, large waves generated while Guillermo was at peak intensity came ashore in Hawaii. The swells
500:
Steady weakening took place over the following several days, and the storm dropped below major hurricane status on August 6. By August 8, Guillermo moved over colder waters and was downgraded to a tropical storm as sustained winds dropped below 75 mph (121 km/h). Around this time,
819:. Hundreds of people were rescued, but rip currents were blamed for three injuries and one death. On August 5, about a mile north of Huntington Beach pier, a 19-year-old man was swept away. His body was recovered several days later. On August 6, a teenage boy and girl were injured on a beach in
804:
prior to their arrival. Guillermo generated heavy surf across the beaches of
Southern California. Heights from the surf averaged 6 to 8 feet (1.8 to 2.4 m) with local areas reaching above 10 feet (3.0 m), favorable to around 500 surfers at an annual competition at
870:
all achieved lower minimum pressures, leaving
Guillermo in ninth place. Guillermo persisted for 16.5 days from its classification as a tropical depression to its transition into an extratropical storm, making it the sixth longest-lasting storm in the basin.
365:(NHC) stated that they had issues monitoring the system as it moved through the Caribbean; however, they interpreted through satellite data that the wave crossed Central America and entered the Pacific Ocean between July 27 and 28. Once in the Pacific,
543:
were entrained into the eastern portion of
Guillermo's circulation. On August 24, Guillermo's remnant low was finally absorbed by a larger extratropical system, while situated roughly 345 mi (555 km) off of the northern California coastline.
381:
developed within the disturbance by July 29. The following day, the system became sufficiently organized for the NHC to classify it as
Tropical Depression Nine-E; at this time the depression was situated roughly 345 mi (555 km) south of
431:
into the storm to gather meteorological data. This mission marked the first time the hurricane hunters recorded high-resolution wind data from flight level to within several meters of the ocean surface inside the eyewall of a major hurricane.
390:
to the north, the depression tracked at a steady pace towards the west-northwest, and this motion persisted through the first week of August. Within a day of being classified, the system intensified into
Tropical Storm Guillermo, the seventh
418:
within the central dense overcast, leading to further strengthening. Operationally, Guillermo was thought to have briefly leveled out in intensity on August 2; however, in post-storm analysis, the NHC discovered that a steady period of
796:
over the grounds of beachside resorts. Tourists were driven off some of Cabo's most popular beaches by the rough ocean conditions which flooded homes situated along the coast. Two sightseers were killed after being swept out to sea.
222:. The remnants persisted for more than a week as they tracked towards the northeast and later south and east before being absorbed by a larger extratropical system off the coast of California on August 24.
446:
was also employed to determine the size of the hurricane's eye, stated to be roughly 13 mi (21 km) in diameter, following a 6-mile (9.7 km) decrease due to the strengthening. Light
531:. Over the following days, the remnants of the hurricane turned northeastward towards the Pacific coast of North America. On August 19, the system moved within 575 mi (925 km) of
501:
the storm started to move along the western edge of the ridge that previously steered it towards the west-northwest, causing
Guillermo to turn northwest. On August 9, the storm crossed
214:'s area of responsibility, Guillermo briefly weakened to a tropical depression before re-attaining tropical storm status. On August 15, the storm reached an unusually high latitude of
815:, some waves reached heights of 15 to 18 ft (4.6 to 5.5 m). Over 100 rescues were reported by local lifeguards. Waves ranging from 6 to 12 feet (1.8 to 3.7 m) also affected
225:
Throughout
Guillermo's lengthy track, the storm never threatened any major landmass, resulting in little impact on land. However, because of its extreme intensity, it produced large
1707:
539:, before Guillermo tracked southward. Over the following few days, the system slowed significantly and turned towards the east. By August 20, moisture from the remnants of
237:
and one in
California. At its peak, Guillermo was the second strongest known Pacific hurricane on record; however, it has since been surpassed by seven other storms, including
512:(CPHC). Not long after crossing into the CPHC's area of responsibility, the storm further weakened to a tropical depression as it moved over 24 °C (75 °F) waters.
361:
that moved off the coast of Africa on July 16, 1997. Initially disorganized and weak, the system tracked westward across the
Atlantic Ocean for several weeks. The
834:
At the time, Hurricane Guillermo's central pressure of 919 mbar (27.14 inHg) established it as the second-most intense Pacific hurricane on record, behind
450:
surrounding the hurricane allowed further strengthening to take place. Late on August 2, the system attained winds of 135 mph (217 km/h), making it a
1473:
1128:
Regional And Mesoscale Meteorology Team (August 7, 1997). "Daily Satellite Discussion: Thursday August 7, 1997". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
202:, Mexico, Guillermo tracked in a steady west-northwestward direction while intensifying. The system reached hurricane status by August 1 before undergoing
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2069:
1700:
1191:
983:
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210:. The storm began to weaken during the afternoon of August 5 and was downgraded to a tropical storm on August 8. Once entering the
1299:
800:
Due to accurate forecasts, emergency officials across California were able to close off swimming zones and warn the public about dangerous
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Along the Pacific coast of Mexico, 12-foot (3.7 m) surf produced by Hurricane Guillermo affected numerous beaches. From
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406:, an area of high, thick clouds, developed over the center of circulation, prompting the NHC to upgrade the system to a
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caused no damage and reached heights of 10 feet (3.0 m) in eastern-facing shores of the state.
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81:
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to coastal Mexico. Along the American Pacific coast, three people drowned amid high waves, two in
1569:
1528:
1018:"Rapidly Intensifying Hurricane Guillermo (1997). Part I: Low-Wavenumber Structure and Evolution"
458:
as it reached its initial peak intensity with winds of 155 mph (249 km/h) along with a
206:
the following day. At the end of this phase, the storm attained its peak intensity as a powerful
26:
527:
at an unusually high latitude of 41.8°N, roughly 850 mi (1,370 km) south-southeast of
155:
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reconnaissance aircraft during its rapid intensification stage. The aircraft released several
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1190:. United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service.
1145:
1100:"The Rapid Intensification of Hurricane Guillermo (1997) As Viewed With GPS Dropwindsondes"
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451:
407:
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954:
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8:
1413:"As summer turns up heat, SDG&E says 'cool it' Temperatures might retreat by weekend"
896:
823:, while an 18-year-old was pulled ashore and sent to the hospital with neck injuries. In
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459:
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took place. Unlike most hurricanes in the eastern Pacific, Guillermo was investigated by
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Hablutzel, Benjamin C; Rosendal, Hans E; Weyman, James C; Hoag, Jonathan D (1997).
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536:
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528:
520:
486:
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326:
257:
Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
241:
later that year. The effects of Guillermo were not deemed severe enough to justify
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1574:
1327:"Board Meeting; Competition Draws 500 Surfers, Big Crowds and Storm-Stoked Waves"
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1188:"The Northeast and North Central Pacific hurricane database 1949–2023"
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on record, attaining peak winds of 160 mph (260 km/h) and a
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Although most tropical cyclones generally weaken as they increase in
502:
481:
were estimated to be as low as −79 °C (−110 °F). Using the
439:
Hurricane Guillermo undergoing rapid intensification on August 4
428:
1050:
1016:
Paul D. Reasor; Matthew D. Eastin; John F. Gamache (June 30, 2008).
827:, lifeguards made nearly 300 rescues on August 5 and 6 alone.
516:
454:. During the afternoon of August 3, Guillermo nearly attained
374:
198:
on July 30, 1997, roughly 345 mi (555 km) south of
1206:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
508:, denoting a shift in warning responsibility from the NHC to the
846:
set a new intensity record, and in subsequent years, hurricanes
230:
147:
443:
414:. Throughout the next day, the system gradually developed an
1076:
10.1175/1520-0493(1999)127<2440:ENPHSO>2.0.CO;2
281:
Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
276:
Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
772:
Listing is only for tropical cyclones in the Pacific Ocean
349:, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression
301:
Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
296:
Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
981:
291:
Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
191:
1151:(Report). United States Central Pacific Hurricane Center
286:
Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
1098:
Matthew Sitkowski; Klaus Dolling; Gary Barnes (2005).
1388:. National Climatic Data Center. 1997. Archived from
1302:. National Climatic Data Center. 1997. Archived from
1042:
878:
306:
Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
1219:
496:
Radar image of Hurricane Guillermo on August 3
357:Hurricane Guillermo began its extensive track as a
1481:
1415:. The San Diego Union – Tribune. p. A.1
1196:A guide on how to read the database is available
1048:
960:(Report). United States National Hurricane Center
952:
523:. Later that day, Guillermo transitioned into an
2051:
1051:"Eastern North Pacific Hurricane Season of 1997"
1107:Department of Meteorology, University of Hawaii
1028:(2). American Meteorological Society: 603–631.
229:across the Pacific Ocean, affecting areas from
1701:
1467:
1170:
1168:
1166:
977:
975:
912:Timeline of the 1997 Pacific hurricane season
485:, a method used to estimate the intensity of
1324:
402:By the afternoon of August 1, a strong
31:Guillermo at peak intensity on August 4
2070:1997 natural disasters in the United States
1355:
1269:
1222:"Tropical Storm Ignacio Preliminary Report"
984:"Operational Track for Hurricane Guillermo"
477:At its peak, cloud temperatures within the
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1694:
1474:
1460:
1272:"Area Surfers Catch Wave of Forecast Data"
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25:
1981:
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1437:NHC 1997 Pacific hurricane season archive
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1447:Central Pacific Hurricane Center archive
1442:HPC 1997 Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Pages
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491:
434:
252:
2105:August 1997 events in the United States
1837:
1832:
1410:
1386:"California Event Report: Rip Currents"
1220:Edward N. Rappaport (August 27, 1997).
1002:
955:Preliminary Report: Hurricane Guillermo
2052:
1236:
1146:Hurricane Guillermo Preliminary Report
1132:
948:
946:
386:, Mexico. In response to a deep-layer
1849:
1844:
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1289:
953:Mayfield, Britt M (October 2, 1997).
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942:
940:
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936:
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930:
928:
926:
902:List of Category 5 Pacific hurricanes
842:. However, later in the 1997 season,
774:north of the equator and east of the
547:
1873:
1868:
1300:"California Event Report: High Surf"
194:(27.14 inHg). Forming out of a
16:Category 5 Pacific hurricane in 1997
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13:
1933:
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1194:from the original on May 29, 2024.
1049:Lawrence, Miles B (October 1999).
982:National Hurricane Center (1997).
923:
14:
2116:
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2012:
1957:
1952:
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1109:. American Meteorological Society
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1940:
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1184:Central Pacific Hurricane Center
986:. Unisys Weather. Archived from
881:
792:, the storm sent waves from the
510:Central Pacific Hurricane Center
341:
331:
321:
212:Central Pacific Hurricane Center
1404:
1356:Jim Benning (August 30, 2005).
1349:
1325:Steve Carney (August 8, 1997).
1318:
1270:Scott Hadly (August 10, 1997).
1263:
556:Most intense Pacific hurricanes
377:began to form. Additionally, a
1245:"Hurricanes in Cabo San Lucas"
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1121:
551:
412:Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale
1:
2080:Hurricanes in Baja California
2065:Category 5 Pacific hurricanes
2060:1997 Pacific hurricane season
1718:1997 Pacific hurricane season
1483:Category 5 Pacific hurricanes
917:
897:Other storms of the same name
218:before transitioning into an
171:1997 Pacific hurricane season
2100:August 1997 events in Mexico
1358:"A swell season takes shape"
96:160 mph (260 km/h)
7:
1333:. p. 3. Archived from
1224:. National Hurricane Center
1180:Hurricane Research Division
874:
182:was the ninth-most intense
10:
2121:
2095:July 1997 events in Mexico
1411:Ed Jahn (August 6, 1997).
907:List of Pacific hurricanes
71:Category 5 major hurricane
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1733:
1724:
1716:Tropical cyclones of the
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1247:. Unknown. Archived from
1176:National Hurricane Center
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456:Category 5 intensity
408:Category 1 hurricane
363:National Hurricane Center
208:Category 5 hurricane
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2085:Hurricanes in California
2075:1997 disasters in Mexico
1675:Tropical cyclones portal
889:Tropical cyclones portal
1055:Monthly Weather Review
1022:Monthly Weather Review
776:International Dateline
541:Tropical Storm Ignacio
497:
462:estimated at 925
440:
404:central dense overcast
354:
249:Meteorological history
38:Meteorological history
1035:10.1175/2008MWR2487.1
525:extratropical cyclone
495:
452:Category 4 storm
438:
421:rapid intensification
347:Extratropical cyclone
256:
220:extratropical cyclone
204:rapid intensification
1392:on September 6, 2009
268:Saffir–Simpson scale
101:Lowest pressure
1251:on February 6, 2012
1067:1999MWRv..127.2440L
809:. According to the
460:barometric pressure
379:low-pressure system
337:Subtropical cyclone
188:barometric pressure
180:Hurricane Guillermo
21:
20:Hurricane Guillermo
2090:1997 in California
1186:(April 26, 2024).
990:on October 2, 2012
794:Gulf of California
548:Impact and records
498:
441:
355:
93:Highest winds
78:1-minute sustained
19:
2045:
2044:
1683:
1682:
1362:Los Angeles Times
1331:Los Angeles Times
1276:Los Angeles Times
1243:Cabo Bob (2007).
1061:(10): 2440–2454.
812:Los Angeles Times
790:San José del Cabo
782:
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487:tropical cyclones
425:hurricane hunters
184:Pacific hurricane
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1544:Guillermo (1997)
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1611:Patricia (2015)
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1306:on July 6, 2010
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844:Hurricane Linda
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122:Overall effects
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65:August 24, 1997
57:August 15, 1997
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1626:Willa (2018)
1606:Marie (2014)
1601:Celia (2010)
1575:Kenna (2002)
1565:Elida (2002)
1549:Linda (1997)
1543:
1534:Gilma (1994)
1497:Patsy (1959)
1417:. Retrieved
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1390:the original
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371:thunderstorm
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1647:Otis (2023)
1642:Jova (2023)
1616:Lane (2018)
1585:Rick (2009)
1580:Ioke (2006)
1539:John (1994)
964:January 31,
397:1997 season
393:named storm
384:Salina Cruz
369:, areas of
200:Salina Cruz
2054:Categories
1513:Ava (1973)
918:References
565:Hurricane
448:wind shear
429:dropsondes
367:convection
317:Storm type
243:retirement
127:Fatalities
62:Dissipated
1851:Guillermo
1085:119404326
733:Guillermo
571:Pressure
503:longitude
2037:Category
1665:Category
1396:March 6,
1310:March 6,
1255:March 6,
1228:July 26,
1192:Archived
875:See also
868:Patricia
588:Patricia
517:latitude
311:Unknown
146:Mexico,
1983:Three-C
1971:Pauline
1875:Ignacio
1827:Felicia
1815:Enrique
1803:Dolores
1767:Three-E
1419:July 8,
1367:July 8,
1341:July 8,
1281:July 8,
1155:July 6,
1113:July 6,
1063:Bibcode
994:July 6,
568:Season
479:eyewall
410:on the
395:of the
261:Map key
156:IBTrACS
1995:Four-C
1887:Jimena
1791:Five-E
1779:Carlos
1755:Blanca
1743:Andres
1083:
866:, and
766:27.17
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231:Hawaii
227:swells
216:41.8°N
148:Hawaii
135:Damage
44:Formed
1935:Marty
1923:Linda
1911:Kevin
1899:Oliwa
1863:Hilda
1839:One-C
1635:2020s
1594:2010s
1558:2000s
1522:1990s
1506:1970s
1490:1950s
1149:(PDF)
1103:(PDF)
1081:S2CID
958:(PDF)
864:Odile
860:Marie
848:Kenna
754:Gilma
723:Odile
705:Marie
651:Kenna
609:Linda
579:inHg
562:Rank
506:140°W
444:Radar
388:ridge
239:Linda
82:SSHWS
2019:Paka
2007:Rick
1959:Olaf
1947:Nora
1421:2010
1398:2007
1369:2010
1343:2010
1312:2007
1283:2010
1257:2007
1230:2010
1198:here
1157:2010
1115:2010
996:2010
966:2023
856:Rick
852:Ioke
840:1973
763:920
759:1994
742:919
738:1997
714:918
710:2014
695:2006
690:Ioke
681:915
677:1973
660:913
656:2002
639:906
635:2009
630:Rick
618:902
614:1997
597:872
593:2015
576:hPa
472:inHg
464:mbar
138:None
115:inHg
107:mbar
105:919
1071:doi
1059:127
1030:doi
1026:137
838:of
788:to
750:10
672:Ava
468:hPa
416:eye
192:hPa
111:hPa
86:NWS
2056::
2014:TS
1990:TD
1978:TD
1954:TS
1930:TS
1906:TS
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1870:TS
1858:TS
1834:TD
1786:TD
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1762:TD
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1738:TS
1377:^
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2002:2
1966:4
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1918:5
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84:/
80:(
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