200:. She was the youngest child of factory owner Moriz Lehner and his wife Victoria Josefine Lehner, née Stengel. Her siblings were two older brothers, Ernst and Fritz, and a sister, Rosi. Her upbringing was amongst a wealthy Jewish family that often hosted dinner parties and imparted to her an appreciation for music, science, and art. She attended Akademisches Gymnasium (Humanistic Gymnasium for Girls) until 1918, when she graduated. During her time at school, she excelled at Greek and Latin and became familiar with the works of Sigmund Freud. After graduation, she began studying at the University of Vienna in the same year. During her studies she met
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in which time she reorganized the psychiatric teaching unit. In 1955, she became director of psychiatric research and the hospital's psychiatrist-in-chief until her retirement in 1965. Even though she retired formally, she continued to dedicate herself to treating patients until two weeks before her death.
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Bibring's pioneering work included observations of the effects of environmental stress on individuals as well as how aspects of pregnancy are interpreted through a psychoanalytic lens, where she concluded that affective issues experienced by women during pregnancy might be brought on by environmental
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in Boston, Massachusetts. He accepted the position and, in 1941, Grete and Edward
Bibring, along with their children George and Thomas, emigrated to America. Once in Boston, the two were among a group of "second generation" Freudian Scholars from overseas who popularized the concept of ego psychology
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In 1961, Bibring became the first female professor at
Harvard Medical School. She also lectured on psychoanalytic psychology at Simmons College School of Social Work in Boston from 1942 to 1955. As well, she was the director of the psychiatry department at the Beth Israel Hospital from 1946 to 1955,
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in
Cambridge, where she was a consultant for research, and the Children's Bureau in Washington, where she was a psychiatric consultant. Amongst professional societies, she was a training analyst at the Boston Psychoanalytic Society and Institute and was elected its president in 1955, Vice President
215:, she also became one of the first students at the Vienna Training Institute in 1925. Bibring went on to work at a psychoanalytic clinic as a training analyst and instructor for some years, later becoming a member of the education committee of the Vienna Association in 1934.
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In 1959, at the age of 64, her husband passed away of
Parkinson's Disease. Bibring carried on in the field of psychoanalysis and continued to treat clients up to her death on August 10, 1977, aged 78, in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
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in
America. Bibring officially became an American citizen in 1946 and continued her work and research, establishing many positions, consultancies, and fellowship in a variety of institutions and organizations.
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During her time in Vienna, Bibring published her first work on psychoanalysis in 1933 titled "The
Phallic Phase and its Disturbances in Young Girls" for the journal
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348:(Birth, Wien, Ă–sterreich, Israelitischen Kultusgemeinde Wien (Jewish Community of Vienna) Municipal and Provincial Archives of Vienna, Austria; FHL microfilm)
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A study of the psychological processes in pregnancy and of the earliest mother-child relationship. The
Psychoanalytic Study of the Child
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231:. While in London, Grete Bibring became a member of the British Psycho-Analytical Society. Edward Bibring was then invited to teach at
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252:. She held positions as a training analyst and teacher at the Vienna Psychoanalytic Institution from 1933 to 1938, when the
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The
Teaching of Dynamic Psychiatry: A Reappraisal of the Goals and Techniques in the Teaching of Psychoanalytic Psychiatry
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345:""Österreich, Niederösterreich, Wien, Matriken der Israelitischen Kultusgemeinde, 1784-1911," database with images"
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Margarethe Lehner; 1899–1977) was an
Austrian-American psychoanalyst who became the first female full professor at
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of the
International Psychoanalytic Society and Institute from 1959 to 1963, and was President of the
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Bibring, G. L. (1953). "On the 'passing of the Oedipus complex' in a matriarchal family setting." In
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324:. Symposium on the Teaching of Dynamic Psychiatry. New York, NY: International Universities Press.
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Bibring, G. L. (1954). "The training analysis and its place in psycho-analytic training."
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forced Bibring and her family, as Jews in danger of deportation or murder, to flee to
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Loewenstein, Rudolph M., (Ed) 278–284, International Universities Press, Madison, CT
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in 1924, going on to specialize in neurology and psychiatry. Alongside joining the
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Psychoanalysis: A Personal View: Interview from the Grete L. Bibring Collection
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Bibring, G. L., Dwyer, T. F., Huntington, D. S., and Valenstein, A. F. (1962).
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Lectures in Medical Psychology: An Introduction to the Care of Patients
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stresses that may affect women who are not pregnant in different ways.
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Edward Bibring Photographs the Psychoanalysts of His Time: 1932 - 1938
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http://openvault.wgbh.org/catalog/V_29E99824A1DE486FBF9DB1492D7F4893
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Grete Bibring was born as Margarethe Lehner on January 11, 1899, in
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Bibring was also affiliated with other institutions which included
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drove her and her family to London first, then to America en 1941.
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Tartakoff, Helen H. (1978). "Grete L. Bibring, M.D. 1899–1977".
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Austrian-American psychoanalyst, medical professor (1899–1977)
710:. American Psychoanalytic Association. 2017. Archived from
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in 1962–1963. In 1968, she accepted a fellowship at the
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Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
525:"Bibring, Grete L. (Grete Lehner), 1899-1977 @ SNAC"
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762:Digitized Images from the Grete L. Bibring papers
498:. Hillsdale, NJ: Analytic Press. pp. 176–7.
478:Grete L. (Grete Lehner) Bibring Papers, 1882-1977
315:. New York, NY: International Universities Press.
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747:, 1882–1977, HMS c159. Harvard Medical Library,
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35:Grete L. Bibring seated third from the right
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472:Akademisches Gymnasium (Vienna, Austria). "
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250:Zeitschrift für psychoanalytische Pädagogik
553:International Dictionary of Psychoanalysis
391:International Dictionary of Psychoanalysis
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415:Tessman, Lora Heims (2016). "A review of
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417:Grete Bibring: A Culinary Biography
387:"Bibring-Lehner, Grete (1899-1977)"
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667:Goodman, George Jr. (1977-08-11).
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125:George Bibring, Thomas Bibring
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587:The Psychoanalytic Quarterly
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635:. Routledge. p.
455:"The Lehner Siblings"
284:Selected publications
555:. Thomson Gale. 2005
393:. Thomson Gale. 2005
343:Lehner, Margarethe.
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108:University of Vienna
529:snaccooperative.org
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358:30 November
307:, 16, 9-72.
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780:Categories
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330:References
51:1899-01-11
681:0362-4331
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254:Anschluss
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641:ISBN
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561:2018
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183:Life
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