238:
140:
814:. For most governments, this is possible only through the issue of new bonds, as the governments have no possibility to create currency. (The issue of bonds which are then bought by the central bank with newly created currency in the process of "quantitative easing" may be regarded as de facto direct state financing from the central bank, which is outlawed officially for independent central banks.) There have been instances where a government has chosen to
1119:
950:
864:
43:
850:
similarly, a United States investor would consider German bonds to have more currency risk than United States bonds (since the euro may go down relative to the dollar). A bond paying in a currency that does not have a history of keeping its value may not be a good deal even if a high interest rate is offered. The currency risk is determined by the fluctuation of exchange rates.
185:
For example, a bondholder invests $ 20,000, called face value or principal, into a 10-year government bond with a 10% annual coupon; the government would pay the bondholder 10% interest ($ 2000 in this case) each year and repay the $ 20,000 original face value at the date of maturity (i.e. after 10
205:
provide ratings for each country's bonds. Bondholders generally demand higher yields from riskier bonds. For instance, on May 24, 2016, 10-year government bonds issued by the
Canadian government offered a yield of 1.34%, while 10-year government bonds issued by the Brazilian government offered a
849:
Currency risk is the risk that the value of the currency a bond pays out will decline compared to the holder's reference currency. For example, a German investor would consider United States bonds to have more currency risk than German bonds (since the dollar may go down relative to the euro);
1018:. Interest rate changes can affect the value of a bond. If the interest rates fall, then the bond prices rise and if the interest rates rise, bond prices fall. When interest rates rise, bonds are more attractive because investors can earn higher coupon rate, thereby
1253:
is the official website where investors can purchase treasury securities directly from the U.S. government. This online system allow investors to save money on commissions and fees taken with traditional channels. Investors can use banks or brokers to hold a bond.
1100:
A conventional UK gilt might look like this – "Treasury stock 3% 2020". On the 27 of April 2019 the United
Kingdom 10Y Government Bond had a 1.145% yield. Central Bank Rate is 0.10% and the United Kingdom rating is AA, according to
1053:
because a
Central Bank injects liquidity (cash) into the economy. Doing this lowers the government bond's yield. On the contrary, when a Central Bank is fighting against inflation then a Central Bank decreases the money supply.
932:, which protect investors against inflation risk by linking both interest payments and maturity payments to a consumer price index. In the UK these bonds are called Index-linked bonds. In the US these bonds are called
1583:
1022:
may occur. Interest rate and bond price have negative correlation. Lower fixed-rate bond coupon rates meaning higher interest rate risk and higher fixed-rate bond coupon rates meaning lower interest rate risk.
1096:
UK gilts have maturities stretching much further into the future than other
European government bonds, which has influenced the development of pension and life insurance markets in the respective countries.
1359:
1552:
782:(bonds with no maturity date) to fund wars and other government spending. The use of perpetual bonds ceased in the 20th century, and currently governments issue bonds of limited term to maturity.
1077:., which means the value of the gilt rises with inflation. They are fixed-interest securities issued by the British government in order to raise money. The issuance of gilts is managed by the
201:
risk; that is, the possibility that the government will be unable to pay bondholders. Bonds from countries with less stable economies are usually considered to be higher risk. International
789:, in order to raise money, the U.S. government started to issue bonds - called loan certificates. The total amount generated by bonds was $ 27 million and helped finance the war.
763:
in 1694 to raise money to fund a war against France. The form of these bonds was both lottery and annuity. The Bank of
England and government bonds were introduced in England by
193:
or the government's domestic currency. Countries with less stable economies tend to denominate their bonds in the currency of a country with a more stable economy (i.e. a
1027:
of a bond also has an impact on the interest rate risk. Indeed, longer maturity meaning higher interest rate risk and shorter maturity meaning lower interest rate risk.
1575:
924:
Inflation risk is the risk that the value of the currency a bond pays out will decline over time. Investors expect some amount of inflation, so the risk is that the
1416:
1363:
2486:
1544:
2049:
838:
1192:(T-notes): maturity of these bonds is two, three, five or 10 years, they provided fixed coupon payments every six months and have face value of $ 1,000.
767:(also called William of Orange), who financed England's war efforts by copying the approach of issuing bonds and raising government debt from the
1334:
1179:
The U.S. Treasury offered several types of bonds with various maturities. Certain bonds may pay interest, others not. These bonds could be:
1612:
735:
2479:
2037:
1493:
1446:
2043:
1468:
1073:. Older issues have names such as "Treasury Stock" and newer issues are called "Treasury Gilt". Inflation-indexed gilts are called
768:
1205:
1078:
834:
1198:(T-bonds or long bonds): are the treasury bonds with the longest maturity, from twenty years to thirty years. They also have a
1522:
107:
2472:
1650:
602:
17:
1220:
The principal argument for investors to hold U.S. government bonds is that the bonds are exempt from state and local taxes.
79:
2717:
1973:
1408:
1968:
1274:
1213:
86:
1166:
997:
911:
126:
1148:
979:
893:
2742:
1140:
971:
885:
60:
728:
93:
2233:
2083:
1963:
1839:
1144:
975:
889:
577:
64:
2736:
823:
704:
526:
75:
3219:
3159:
2955:
2861:
2945:
2913:
2817:
2771:
2754:
2707:
1779:
1183:
252:
2730:
2724:
2366:
1819:
721:
478:
3265:
1643:
752:
became the first state to finance its debt through bonds when it assumed bonds issued by the city of
587:
3119:
2794:
1978:
1338:
1284:
1129:
960:
874:
3073:
2934:
2829:
2712:
2402:
2313:
1133:
1102:
964:
878:
407:
53:
1438:
2961:
2217:
1912:
1814:
1209:
1057:
These actions of increasing or decreasing the amount of money in the banking system are called
929:
764:
552:
1604:
3099:
2908:
2407:
1958:
1922:
1759:
1718:
1070:
684:
597:
210:
100:
3234:
3154:
2919:
2903:
2866:
2748:
2691:
2659:
2228:
2208:
1636:
531:
434:
202:
1497:
1472:
8:
3164:
3109:
3033:
2893:
2823:
2652:
2625:
2341:
1728:
1036:
1019:
827:
786:
709:
164:
31:
3204:
3179:
3139:
3124:
3043:
3013:
2982:
2940:
2684:
2594:
2584:
2288:
2223:
2203:
2076:
1804:
1024:
811:
699:
657:
642:
612:
536:
464:
381:
259:
247:
179:
1216:. In other words, the principal increases with inflation and decreases with deflation.
3068:
3053:
2805:
2433:
2308:
2168:
2011:
1937:
1789:
1711:
815:
759:
The first official government bond issued by a national government was issued by the
632:
627:
617:
562:
388:
356:
198:
1384:
3169:
3089:
2885:
2766:
2642:
2561:
2517:
2495:
2001:
1872:
1844:
1784:
1769:
1518:
1314:
1299:
1244:
1240:
1228:
833:
Investors may use rating agencies to assess credit risk. In the United States, the
679:
674:
647:
517:
493:
488:
449:
429:
393:
341:
229:
172:
3244:
3239:
3174:
3149:
3084:
3038:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2972:
2967:
2855:
2789:
2781:
2669:
2556:
2453:
2371:
2346:
2278:
2273:
2248:
2016:
2006:
1809:
1799:
1794:
1279:
1086:
1058:
760:
637:
622:
582:
398:
336:
297:
139:
237:
3199:
3194:
3094:
3079:
2840:
2835:
2800:
2599:
2566:
2512:
2504:
2386:
2356:
2336:
2238:
2178:
2130:
2115:
2107:
1917:
1902:
1867:
1854:
1829:
1733:
1701:
1670:
1294:
1250:
1236:
1195:
1189:
933:
807:
803:
779:
749:
652:
557:
507:
469:
361:
308:
302:
282:
277:
156:
818:
on its domestic currency debt rather than create additional currency, such as
3259:
3063:
3048:
3023:
2977:
2929:
2632:
2589:
2576:
2527:
2448:
2416:
2412:
2331:
2148:
2069:
2021:
1996:
1907:
1892:
1882:
1834:
1774:
1764:
1269:
1232:
1212:
issued by the U.S. Treasury. The principal of these bonds is adjusted to the
1199:
1090:
1046:
592:
567:
419:
366:
194:
3224:
3144:
3114:
3104:
2924:
2898:
2647:
2637:
2620:
2551:
2546:
2522:
2381:
2376:
2361:
2351:
2303:
2283:
2255:
1932:
1877:
1824:
1754:
1680:
1050:
1042:
694:
669:
439:
331:
326:
317:
287:
30:"Government investment" redirects here. For investment by governments, see
3229:
3209:
3189:
3184:
3129:
3018:
2950:
2420:
2323:
2298:
2213:
2163:
1988:
1927:
1887:
1862:
1738:
1706:
1696:
1659:
1289:
1264:
1082:
1011:
772:
689:
502:
459:
454:
444:
351:
268:
3214:
3134:
2811:
2674:
2438:
2268:
2198:
2158:
1545:"Computershare to take over from Bank of England as UK gilts registrar"
1409:"Analysis: Counting the cost of currency risk in emerging bond markets"
756:
in 1517. The average interest rate at that time fluctuated around 20%.
209:
Governments close to a default are sometimes referred to as being in a
160:
2850:
2845:
2760:
2679:
2293:
2120:
1675:
1309:
1015:
925:
802:
A government bond in a country's own currency is strictly speaking a
778:
Later, governments in Europe started following the trend and issuing
753:
2464:
1118:
949:
863:
42:
3028:
2664:
2443:
2263:
1942:
1897:
1304:
414:
190:
168:
1227:
system by the government. The bonds are buying and selling on the
2872:
1224:
664:
607:
2615:
2153:
819:
1628:
1231:, the financial market in which financial instruments such as
2538:
2173:
346:
2140:
2092:
572:
928:
rate will be higher than expected. Many governments issue
2061:
839:
nationally recognized statistical rating organizations
2050:
Securities
Industry and Financial Markets Association
167:. It generally includes a commitment to pay periodic
1186:: they are considered one of the safest investments.
1045:purchases a government security, such as a bond or
67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
189:Government bonds can be denominated in a foreign
3257:
1605:"United Kingdom Government Bonds - Yields Curve"
1085:. Prior to April 1998, gilts were issued by the
2480:
2077:
1644:
1089:. Purchase and sales services are managed by
729:
837:(SEC) has designated ten rating agencies as
1496:. UK Debt Management Office. Archived from
1471:. UK Debt Management Office. Archived from
1147:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
978:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
892:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
143:U.S. government bond: 1976 8% Treasury Note
2487:
2473:
2084:
2070:
2038:Commercial Mortgage Securities Association
1651:
1637:
1521:. UK Debt Management Office. 17 May 2022.
806:, because the government can if necessary
736:
722:
1167:Learn how and when to remove this message
998:Learn how and when to remove this message
912:Learn how and when to remove this message
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
2044:International Capital Market Association
138:
1206:Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities
1069:In the UK, government bonds are called
14:
3258:
1449:from the original on 20 September 2020
2494:
2468:
2065:
1632:
1576:"Gilts and corporate bonds explained"
1573:
939:
2234:Debtor-in-possession (DIP) financing
1145:adding citations to reliable sources
1112:
1014:, all bonds are subject to interest
976:adding citations to reliable sources
943:
890:adding citations to reliable sources
857:
65:adding citations to reliable sources
36:
1974:Commercial mortgage-backed security
178:and to repay the face value on the
24:
1969:Collateralized mortgage obligation
1275:Foreign-exchange reserves of China
835:Securities and Exchange Commission
25:
3277:
1525:from the original on 18 June 2022
1494:"Gilt Market: Index-linked gilts"
1419:from the original on 7 March 2016
1064:
853:
2743:Electronic communication network
1555:from the original on 1 July 2023
1360:"Portugal sovereign debt crisis"
1117:
1108:
948:
862:
844:
236:
41:
1658:
1615:from the original on 2022-01-25
1597:
1586:from the original on 2022-02-07
1567:
1030:
810:in order to redeem the bond at
479:Over-the-counter (off-exchange)
52:needs additional citations for
1964:Collateralized debt obligation
1840:Reverse convertible securities
1537:
1511:
1486:
1461:
1431:
1401:
1377:
1352:
1327:
1223:The bonds are sold through an
797:
13:
1:
2737:Multilateral trading facility
1549:Thomson Reuters Practical Law
1321:
705:Sustainable development goals
3160:Returns-based style analysis
2956:Post-modern portfolio theory
2862:Security characteristic line
7:
2914:Efficient-market hypothesis
2818:Capital asset pricing model
2755:Straight-through processing
1780:Contingent convertible bond
1257:
27:Bond issued by a government
10:
3282:
2731:Alternative Trading System
1820:Inverse floating rate note
1469:"Gilt Market: About gilts"
1034:
808:create additional currency
216:
29:
3006:
2881:
2780:
2700:
2608:
2575:
2536:
2502:
2429:
2395:
2322:
2247:
2191:
2139:
2106:
2099:
2030:
1987:
1951:
1853:
1747:
1689:
1666:
1574:Kaveh, Kim (2016-08-02).
1443:UK Debt Management Office
1439:"Daily Prices and Yields"
1081:, an executive agency of
1079:UK Debt Management Office
588:Diversification (finance)
2795:Arbitrage pricing theory
2091:
1979:Mortgage-backed security
1748:Types of bonds by payout
1690:Types of bonds by issuer
1335:"What is Sovereign Debt"
1285:List of government bonds
792:
3074:Initial public offering
2935:Modern portfolio theory
2830:Dividend discount model
2713:List of stock exchanges
2403:Consumer leverage ratio
2314:Tax refund interception
930:inflation-indexed bonds
2962:Random walk hypothesis
1913:Option-adjusted spread
1815:Inflation-indexed bond
1609:World Government Bonds
1210:inflation-indexed bond
771:, where he ruled as a
765:William III of England
553:Alternative investment
203:credit rating agencies
144:
3100:Market capitalization
2909:Dollar cost averaging
2408:Debt levels and flows
1959:Asset-backed security
1923:Weighted-average life
1760:Auction rate security
1103:Standard & Poor's
769:Seven Dutch Provinces
685:Investment management
598:Environmental finance
211:sovereign debt crisis
142:
18:Government investment
2920:Fundamental analysis
2904:Contrarian investing
2867:Security market line
2772:Liquidity aggregator
2749:Direct market access
2660:Quantitative analyst
2229:Debt snowball method
1952:Securitized products
1415:. 22 November 2013.
1214:Consumer Price Index
1141:improve this section
1010:Also referred to as
972:improve this section
886:improve this section
61:improve this article
3165:Reverse stock split
3110:Market manipulation
3034:Dual-listed company
2894:Algorithmic trading
2824:Capital market line
2626:Inter-dealer broker
1729:Infrastructure bond
1049:, it increases the
1037:Quantitative easing
1020:holding period risk
828:national bankruptcy
787:American Revolution
710:Sustainable finance
224:Part of a series on
197:). All bonds carry
32:Government spending
3205:Stock market index
3044:Efficient frontier
2983:Technical analysis
2941:Momentum investing
2763:(private exchange)
2653:Proprietary trader
2595:Shares outstanding
2585:Authorised capital
1805:Floating rate note
1385:"investopedia.com"
1075:Index-linked gilts
940:Interest rate risk
700:Speculative attack
465:Structured product
145:
3253:
3252:
3054:Flight-to-quality
2806:Buffett indicator
2496:Financial markets
2462:
2461:
2309:Strategic default
2274:Collection agency
2187:
2186:
2169:Predatory lending
2059:
2058:
2012:Exchangeable bond
1938:Yield to maturity
1790:Exchangeable bond
1712:Subordinated debt
1202:every six months.
1177:
1176:
1169:
1008:
1007:
1000:
922:
921:
914:
746:
745:
573:Banks and banking
563:Asset (economics)
389:Credit derivative
357:Stock certificate
230:Financial markets
206:yield of 12.84%.
137:
136:
129:
111:
76:"Government bond"
16:(Redirected from
3273:
3266:Government bonds
3170:Share repurchase
2882:Trading theories
2767:Crossing network
2725:Over-the-counter
2562:Restricted stock
2518:Secondary market
2489:
2482:
2475:
2466:
2465:
2154:Consumer lending
2104:
2103:
2086:
2079:
2072:
2063:
2062:
2002:Convertible bond
1845:Zero-coupon bond
1785:Convertible bond
1770:Commercial paper
1653:
1646:
1639:
1630:
1629:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1620:
1601:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1591:
1571:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1560:
1551:. 16 July 2004.
1541:
1535:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1515:
1509:
1508:
1506:
1505:
1490:
1484:
1483:
1481:
1480:
1465:
1459:
1458:
1456:
1454:
1435:
1429:
1428:
1426:
1424:
1405:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1395:
1389:investopedia.com
1381:
1375:
1374:
1372:
1371:
1362:. Archived from
1356:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1346:
1337:. Archived from
1331:
1315:Zero-coupon bond
1300:Secondary market
1229:secondary market
1208:(TIPS): are the
1172:
1165:
1161:
1158:
1152:
1121:
1113:
1003:
996:
992:
989:
983:
952:
944:
917:
910:
906:
903:
897:
866:
858:
738:
731:
724:
680:Impact investing
675:Growth investing
408:Foreign exchange
394:Futures exchange
342:Registered share
240:
221:
220:
132:
125:
121:
118:
112:
110:
69:
45:
37:
21:
3281:
3280:
3276:
3275:
3274:
3272:
3271:
3270:
3256:
3255:
3254:
3249:
3240:Voting interest
3150:Public offering
3085:Mandatory offer
3059:Government bond
3039:DuPont analysis
3002:
2998:Value investing
2993:Value averaging
2988:Trend following
2973:Style investing
2968:Sector rotation
2883:
2877:
2856:Net asset value
2782:Stock valuation
2776:
2696:
2604:
2571:
2557:Preferred stock
2532:
2498:
2493:
2463:
2458:
2454:Promissory note
2425:
2391:
2372:Deposit account
2318:
2289:Debtors' prison
2243:
2209:Management plan
2183:
2135:
2095:
2090:
2060:
2055:
2026:
2017:Extendible bond
2007:Embedded option
1983:
1947:
1849:
1810:High-yield debt
1800:Fixed rate bond
1795:Extendible bond
1743:
1724:Government bond
1719:Distressed debt
1685:
1662:
1657:
1627:
1618:
1616:
1603:
1602:
1598:
1589:
1587:
1572:
1568:
1558:
1556:
1543:
1542:
1538:
1528:
1526:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1503:
1501:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1478:
1476:
1467:
1466:
1462:
1452:
1450:
1437:
1436:
1432:
1422:
1420:
1407:
1406:
1402:
1393:
1391:
1383:
1382:
1378:
1369:
1367:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1344:
1342:
1333:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1319:
1280:Government debt
1260:
1173:
1162:
1156:
1153:
1138:
1122:
1111:
1087:Bank of England
1067:
1059:monetary policy
1039:
1033:
1004:
993:
987:
984:
969:
953:
942:
918:
907:
901:
898:
883:
867:
856:
847:
800:
795:
780:perpetual bonds
761:Bank of England
742:
583:Climate finance
512:
498:
426:
425:
405:
404:
399:Hybrid security
337:Preferred stock
307:
298:High-yield debt
293:Government bond
219:
173:coupon payments
165:public spending
149:government bond
133:
122:
116:
113:
70:
68:
58:
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3279:
3269:
3268:
3251:
3250:
3248:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3200:Stock exchange
3197:
3195:Stock dilution
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3120:Mean reversion
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3095:Market anomaly
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3014:Bid–ask spread
3010:
3008:
3004:
3003:
3001:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2959:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2890:
2888:
2879:
2878:
2876:
2875:
2870:
2864:
2859:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2841:Earnings yield
2838:
2836:Dividend yield
2833:
2827:
2821:
2815:
2809:
2803:
2798:
2792:
2786:
2784:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2758:
2752:
2746:
2740:
2734:
2728:
2727:(off-exchange)
2722:
2721:
2720:
2715:
2704:
2702:
2701:Trading venues
2698:
2697:
2695:
2694:
2689:
2688:
2687:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2656:
2655:
2650:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2629:
2628:
2623:
2612:
2610:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2602:
2600:Treasury stock
2597:
2592:
2587:
2581:
2579:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2569:
2567:Tracking stock
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2543:
2541:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2513:Primary market
2509:
2507:
2500:
2499:
2492:
2491:
2484:
2477:
2469:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2430:
2427:
2426:
2424:
2423:
2410:
2405:
2399:
2397:
2393:
2392:
2390:
2389:
2387:Securitization
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2328:
2326:
2320:
2319:
2317:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2260:
2258:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2241:
2239:Loan guarantee
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2195:
2193:
2189:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2181:
2179:Vendor finance
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2145:
2143:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2112:
2110:
2101:
2097:
2096:
2089:
2088:
2081:
2074:
2066:
2057:
2056:
2054:
2053:
2047:
2041:
2034:
2032:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1993:
1991:
1985:
1984:
1982:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1955:
1953:
1949:
1948:
1946:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1918:Risk-free bond
1915:
1910:
1905:
1903:Mortgage yield
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1859:
1857:
1855:Bond valuation
1851:
1850:
1848:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1830:Perpetual bond
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1744:
1742:
1741:
1736:
1734:Municipal bond
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1715:
1714:
1709:
1702:Corporate bond
1699:
1693:
1691:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1667:
1664:
1663:
1656:
1655:
1648:
1641:
1633:
1626:
1625:
1596:
1566:
1536:
1510:
1485:
1460:
1430:
1400:
1376:
1351:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1295:Municipal bond
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1251:TreasuryDirect
1218:
1217:
1203:
1200:coupon payment
1196:Treasury bonds
1193:
1190:Treasury notes
1187:
1175:
1174:
1125:
1123:
1116:
1110:
1107:
1066:
1065:United Kingdom
1063:
1032:
1029:
1006:
1005:
956:
954:
947:
941:
938:
934:Series I bonds
920:
919:
870:
868:
861:
855:
854:Inflation risk
852:
846:
843:
824:"ruble crisis"
804:risk-free bond
799:
796:
794:
791:
750:Dutch Republic
744:
743:
741:
740:
733:
726:
718:
715:
714:
713:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
661:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
625:
620:
615:
605:
600:
595:
590:
585:
580:
575:
570:
565:
560:
558:Angel investor
555:
547:
546:
542:
541:
540:
539:
534:
529:
521:
520:
514:
513:
511:
510:
505:
499:
497:
496:
491:
485:
482:
481:
475:
474:
473:
472:
470:Swap (finance)
467:
462:
457:
452:
447:
442:
437:
432:
424:
423:
417:
410:
406:
403:
402:
396:
391:
384:
380:
377:
376:
372:
371:
370:
369:
364:
362:Stock exchange
359:
354:
349:
344:
339:
334:
329:
321:
320:
314:
313:
312:
311:
309:Securitization
305:
303:Municipal bond
300:
295:
290:
285:
283:Corporate bond
280:
278:Bond valuation
272:
271:
265:
264:
263:
262:
250:
242:
241:
233:
232:
226:
225:
218:
215:
153:sovereign bond
135:
134:
49:
47:
40:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3278:
3267:
3264:
3263:
3261:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3175:Short selling
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3064:Greenspan put
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3049:Financial law
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3024:Cross listing
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3011:
3009:
3007:Related terms
3005:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2978:Swing trading
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2963:
2960:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2946:Mosaic theory
2944:
2942:
2939:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2930:Market timing
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2891:
2889:
2887:
2880:
2874:
2871:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2831:
2828:
2825:
2822:
2819:
2816:
2813:
2810:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2783:
2779:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2762:
2759:
2756:
2753:
2750:
2747:
2744:
2741:
2738:
2735:
2732:
2729:
2726:
2723:
2719:
2718:Trading hours
2716:
2714:
2711:
2710:
2709:
2706:
2705:
2703:
2699:
2693:
2690:
2686:
2683:
2682:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2645:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2633:Broker-dealer
2631:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2618:
2617:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2607:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2590:Issued shares
2588:
2586:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2578:
2577:Share capital
2574:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2540:
2535:
2529:
2528:Fourth market
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2506:
2501:
2497:
2490:
2485:
2483:
2478:
2476:
2471:
2470:
2467:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2449:Interest rate
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2431:
2428:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2394:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2329:
2327:
2325:
2321:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2224:Restructuring
2222:
2219:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2204:Consolidation
2202:
2200:
2197:
2196:
2194:
2190:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2149:Business loan
2147:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2138:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2105:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2087:
2082:
2080:
2075:
2073:
2068:
2067:
2064:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2036:
2035:
2033:
2029:
2023:
2022:Puttable bond
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1997:Callable bond
1995:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1986:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1956:
1954:
1950:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1908:Nominal yield
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1883:Current yield
1881:
1879:
1878:Credit spread
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1852:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1835:Puttable bond
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1765:Callable bond
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1752:
1750:
1746:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1704:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1694:
1692:
1688:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1665:
1661:
1654:
1649:
1647:
1642:
1640:
1635:
1634:
1631:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1600:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1570:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1540:
1524:
1520:
1519:"Gilt Market"
1514:
1500:on 2011-07-18
1499:
1495:
1489:
1475:on 2016-11-10
1474:
1470:
1464:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1434:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1404:
1390:
1386:
1380:
1366:on 2014-08-10
1365:
1361:
1355:
1341:on 2020-07-02
1340:
1336:
1330:
1326:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1255:
1252:
1248:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1221:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1184:Savings bonds
1182:
1181:
1180:
1171:
1168:
1160:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1126:This section
1124:
1120:
1115:
1114:
1109:United States
1106:
1104:
1098:
1094:
1092:
1091:Computershare
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1062:
1060:
1055:
1052:
1048:
1047:treasury bill
1044:
1038:
1028:
1026:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1002:
999:
991:
981:
977:
973:
967:
966:
962:
957:This section
955:
951:
946:
945:
937:
935:
931:
927:
916:
913:
905:
895:
891:
887:
881:
880:
876:
871:This section
869:
865:
860:
859:
851:
845:Currency risk
842:
840:
836:
831:
829:
825:
822:in 1998 (the
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
790:
788:
783:
781:
776:
774:
770:
766:
762:
757:
755:
751:
739:
734:
732:
727:
725:
720:
719:
717:
716:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
624:
621:
619:
616:
614:
611:
610:
609:
606:
604:
601:
599:
596:
594:
593:Eco-investing
591:
589:
586:
584:
581:
579:
576:
574:
571:
569:
568:Asset pricing
566:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
550:
549:
548:
545:Related areas
544:
543:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
524:
523:
522:
519:
516:
515:
509:
506:
504:
501:
500:
495:
492:
490:
487:
486:
484:
483:
480:
477:
476:
471:
468:
466:
463:
461:
458:
456:
453:
451:
448:
446:
443:
441:
438:
436:
433:
431:
428:
427:
421:
420:Exchange rate
418:
416:
412:
411:
409:
400:
397:
395:
392:
390:
386:
385:
383:
379:
378:
375:Other markets
374:
373:
368:
367:Watered stock
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
345:
343:
340:
338:
335:
333:
330:
328:
325:
324:
323:
322:
319:
316:
315:
310:
306:
304:
301:
299:
296:
294:
291:
289:
286:
284:
281:
279:
276:
275:
274:
273:
270:
267:
266:
261:
258:
254:
251:
249:
248:Public market
246:
245:
244:
243:
239:
235:
234:
231:
228:
227:
223:
222:
214:
212:
207:
204:
200:
196:
195:hard currency
192:
187:
183:
181:
177:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
155:is a form of
154:
150:
141:
131:
128:
120:
109:
106:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78: –
77:
73:
72:Find sources:
66:
62:
56:
55:
50:This article
48:
44:
39:
38:
33:
19:
3225:Tender offer
3145:Public float
3115:Market trend
3105:Market depth
3058:
2925:Growth stock
2899:Buy and hold
2808:(Cap-to-GDP)
2648:Floor trader
2638:Market maker
2621:Floor broker
2609:Participants
2552:Golden share
2547:Common stock
2523:Third market
2419: /
2415: /
2382:Money market
2377:Fixed income
2304:Phantom debt
2284:Debt bondage
2252:
2125:
2031:Institutions
1989:Bond options
1933:Yield spread
1825:Lottery bond
1755:Accrual bond
1723:
1681:Fixed income
1617:. Retrieved
1608:
1599:
1588:. Retrieved
1580:Which? Money
1579:
1569:
1557:. Retrieved
1548:
1539:
1527:. Retrieved
1513:
1502:. Retrieved
1498:the original
1488:
1477:. Retrieved
1473:the original
1463:
1451:. Retrieved
1442:
1433:
1421:. Retrieved
1412:
1403:
1392:. Retrieved
1388:
1379:
1368:. Retrieved
1364:the original
1354:
1343:. Retrieved
1339:the original
1329:
1249:
1247:are traded.
1222:
1219:
1178:
1163:
1154:
1139:Please help
1127:
1099:
1095:
1074:
1068:
1056:
1051:money supply
1043:central bank
1040:
1031:Money supply
1009:
994:
985:
970:Please help
958:
923:
908:
899:
884:Please help
872:
848:
832:
801:
784:
777:
758:
747:
695:Market trend
670:Greenwashing
527:Participants
332:Growth stock
327:Common stock
318:Stock market
292:
288:Fixed income
256:
208:
188:
184:
175:
159:issued by a
152:
148:
146:
123:
114:
104:
97:
90:
83:
71:
59:Please help
54:verification
51:
3230:Uptick rule
3210:Stock split
3190:Squeeze-out
3185:Speculation
3130:Open outcry
3019:Block trade
2951:Pairs trade
2421:Odious debt
2299:Garnishment
2164:Payday loan
2100:Instruments
1928:Yield curve
1888:Dirty price
1863:Clean price
1739:Global bond
1707:Senior debt
1697:Agency bond
1660:Bond market
1290:Market risk
1265:Bond market
1083:HM Treasury
1012:market risk
798:Credit risk
785:During the
773:stadtholder
690:Market risk
503:Spot market
460:Reinsurance
455:Real estate
445:Mutual fund
382:Derivatives
352:Stockbroker
269:Bond market
163:to support
3235:Volatility
3215:Stock swap
3135:Order book
2886:strategies
2812:Book value
2680:Arbitrager
2675:Speculator
2439:Insolvency
2347:Government
2279:Compliance
2269:Charge-off
2249:Collection
2199:Bankruptcy
2192:Management
2159:Loan shark
2126:Government
1619:2022-02-07
1590:2022-02-07
1504:2011-06-13
1479:2011-06-13
1394:2023-08-03
1370:2014-08-02
1345:2014-08-02
1322:References
1035:See also:
532:Regulation
260:Securities
161:government
87:newspapers
2851:Fed model
2846:EV/EBITDA
2761:Dark pool
2692:Regulator
2537:Types of
2503:Types of
2396:Economics
2357:Municipal
2342:Diplomacy
2337:Corporate
2294:Distraint
2131:Municipal
2121:Debenture
2116:Corporate
1868:Convexity
1676:Debenture
1453:19 August
1310:War Bonds
1128:does not
1016:rate risk
959:does not
926:inflation
873:does not
754:Amsterdam
633:corporate
608:Financial
430:Commodity
171:, called
117:July 2008
3260:Category
3180:Slippage
3140:Position
3125:Momentum
3029:Dividend
2708:Exchange
2665:Investor
2444:Interest
2417:Internal
2413:External
2332:Consumer
2264:Bad debt
1943:Z-spread
1898:I-spread
1893:Duration
1613:Archived
1584:Archived
1553:Archived
1523:Archived
1447:Archived
1417:Archived
1305:Treasury
1258:See also
1157:May 2023
1025:Maturity
988:May 2023
902:May 2023
812:maturity
658:services
648:personal
643:forecast
613:analysis
537:Clearing
489:Forwards
415:Currency
253:Exchange
191:currency
186:years).
180:maturity
169:interest
3069:Haircut
2873:T-model
2685:Scalper
2505:markets
2434:Default
2362:Venture
2352:Medical
2324:Markets
2256:Evasion
2218:history
2052:(SIFMA)
1413:Reuters
1245:futures
1225:auction
1149:removed
1134:sources
980:removed
965:sources
894:removed
879:sources
826:) (see
816:default
665:Fintech
628:betting
618:analyst
518:Trading
494:Options
217:History
199:default
101:scholar
3090:Margin
2958:(PMPT)
2820:(CAPM)
2670:Hedger
2643:Trader
2616:Broker
2539:stocks
2251:
2214:Relief
2046:(ICMA)
2040:(CMSA)
1873:Coupon
1775:Consol
1559:17 May
1529:16 May
1423:2 July
1270:Consol
1241:option
820:Russia
653:public
450:Option
255:
182:date.
103:
96:
89:
82:
74:
3245:Yield
3220:Trade
3155:Rally
3076:(IPO)
2964:(RMH)
2937:(MPT)
2916:(EMH)
2869:(SML)
2858:(NAV)
2832:(DDM)
2826:(CML)
2797:(APT)
2790:Alpha
2757:(STP)
2751:(DMA)
2745:(ECN)
2739:(MTF)
2733:(ATS)
2367:Buyer
2174:Usury
2141:Loans
2108:Bonds
1233:stock
1071:gilts
1041:If a
793:Risks
638:crime
623:asset
508:Swaps
440:Money
347:Stock
108:JSTOR
94:books
3080:Long
2884:and
2814:(BV)
2801:Beta
2093:Debt
1671:Bond
1561:2022
1531:2022
1455:2020
1425:2017
1243:and
1237:bond
1132:any
1130:cite
963:any
961:cite
877:any
875:cite
748:The
578:Bull
157:bond
80:news
1143:by
974:by
888:by
830:).
603:ESG
435:ETF
151:or
63:by
3262::
1611:.
1607:.
1582:.
1578:.
1547:.
1445:.
1441:.
1411:.
1387:.
1239:,
1235:,
1105:.
1093:.
1061:.
936:.
841:.
775:.
213:.
147:A
2488:e
2481:t
2474:v
2253:·
2220:)
2216:(
2085:e
2078:t
2071:v
1652:e
1645:t
1638:v
1622:.
1593:.
1563:.
1533:.
1507:.
1482:.
1457:.
1427:.
1397:.
1373:.
1348:.
1170:)
1164:(
1159:)
1155:(
1151:.
1137:.
1001:)
995:(
990:)
986:(
982:.
968:.
915:)
909:(
904:)
900:(
896:.
882:.
737:e
730:t
723:v
422:)
413:(
401:)
387:(
257:·
176:,
130:)
124:(
119:)
115:(
105:·
98:·
91:·
84:·
57:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
