377:), that presents the written authorization of all previous verbal consent given in August and September 1230 after the Treaty of Kruszwica and confirms all prior agreements. It asserts the Teutonic Order's domination of the Chelmno land east of the lower Vistula River and of any other territory conquered by Teutonic Order in Prussia ("to eternal and absolute ownership"). These territories are not to become a fief of any other secular or ecclesiastical power. The
350:
were incorporated into the
Teutonic Order in 1237. The text of the document is only known by later references, as the original has not been preserved. According to the historian Max Perlbach (1848-1921), the Teutonic Order had in fact forged this document to strengthen the legal basis of their
433:
222:) of the same Master, because he is a man mighty both in deed and word and through his own and his brethren's perseverance is mightily undertaking and manfully carrying out the conquest of that land... even though many, vainly besought with numerous exertions in this business, gave up (
705:
166:. In 1225 King Andrew expelled the order after they had attempted to establish an autonomous monastic principality on Hungarian territory, subordinate only to the authority of
932:
127:
in 1225 (or 1228) lacked strength and numbers to successfully contain the
Prussians and was soon destroyed. Prussian forces at last threatened the integrity of Konrad's
187:...our trusty Brother Herman, the worthy Master of the Sacred House of the Hospital of St. Mary of the Germans in Jerusalem has explained ... that our devoted Konrad (
226:) just when they seemed about to set forth, grant the land of Prussia to the same Master along with the forces of his order and with all those who think to invade ...
116:, he initially was successful, but was eventually confronted with relentless Prussian counter attacks and incursions across the borders into his Masovian lands. The
314:, who however, were not able to secure the borders of Masovia. The Teutonic Order would only join Konrad after receiving a ducal guarantee and the procurement of a
248:
182:
The
Knights were to be supported by Duke Konrad I of Masovia in exchange for their conquest and subjugation of the heathen Prussian tribes:
50:, the bull was backdated and had actually been issued in 1235. It represents the first of a series of three documents, that include the
986:
728:
1084:
434:"Kruschwitz, Rimini und die Grundlagen des preußischen Ordenslandes. Urkundenstudien zur Frühzeit des Deutschen Ordens im Ostseeraum"
1008:
302:
Duke Konrad actually had no intention of ceding the Chełmno Land and initially supported bishop
Christian of Oliva establishing the
260:
1044:
170:. Now, von Salza would wait to only set out for Prussia, after the Order's claimed possessions were confirmed directly by the
1069:
921:
866:
839:
795:
765:
625:
252:
244:
1079:
994:
207:), that they may thus indeed take up the task and readily embark upon the invasion and obtaining of the land of Prussia (
683:
195:), has promised and undertaken to provide for him and to his brethren from that land, which is called the Chelmło Land (
117:
961:
268:
105:
264:
256:
31:
1054:
343:
47:
459:
519:
858:
Faiths Across Time: 5,000 Years of
Religious History [4 Volumes]: 5,000 Years of Religious History
553:
973:
The
Chronicle of Prussia by Nicolaus Von Jeroshin: A History of the Teutonic Knights in Prussia 1190-1331
491:"THE GERMAN EMPIRE AND THE GRAND MASTER OF THE TEUTONIC ORDER IN THE LIGHT OF THE GOLDEN BULL OF RIMINI"
232:
38:
in March 1226 that granted and confirmed the privilege of territorial conquest and acquisition for the
490:
381:
had already announced that the Order is to answer exclusively to the papal sovereign, nevertheless,
999:
1064:
1049:
231:
This
Imperial authorisation was signed by a large number of princes, such as the Archbishops of
236:
214:
We therefore... especially because the land itself is held under the sole rule of the Empire (
856:
829:
755:
615:
16:
13th-century imperial decree, that conformed the territorial acquisition of the
Teutonic Order
1059:
1039:
1022:
732:
370:
155:
58:
51:
462:[Frederick II's Golden Bull for the Teutonic Order from the year allegedly 1226].
8:
323:
319:
297:
280:
113:
74:
895:
347:
303:
120:
910:
240:
171:
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124:
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89:
957:
917:
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791:
761:
621:
389:
382:
339:
167:
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85:
28:
401:
335:
331:
276:
128:
93:
43:
933:"Federico II di Svevia, imperatore, re di Sicilia e di Gerusalemme, re dei Romani"
1074:
812:
785:
666:
366:
272:
327:
311:
97:
136:
39:
706:"RI V Jüngere Staufer (1198-1272) - RI V,1,1 Friedrich II. - RI V,1,1 n. 1598"
1033:
360:
81:
70:
905:
163:
151:
378:
96:. In 1222/23 Konrad attempted to subdue the Prussian territories of the
24:
315:
147:
708:. Regesta Imperii Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur, Mainz
460:"Złota Bulla Fryderyka II dla zakonu krzyżackiego z roku rzekomo 1226"
199:), and in that other land, that is to say, between his borderland (
78:
55:
684:"Death, Plunder & Propaganda: Poland's First English Tourists"
139:
in 1226 to have them join his forces and stabilize the situation.
132:
787:
Preussische
Regesten bis zum Ausgange des 13. Jahrhunderts - p.23
101:
77:
had since 1209 engaged in several military campaigns against the
731:. The Online Reference Book for Medieval Studies. Archived from
154:
since 1211. The
Knights of the order had been called in by King
35:
887:
Foreword to the Past: A Cultural History of the Baltic People
831:
Vanished Kingdoms: The Rise and Fall of States and Nations
568:
597:
595:
554:"Wetzer und Welte's Kirchenlexikon Bd. 3, Sp. 225–228"
142:
The Teutonic Order, under the command of Grand Master
592:
634:
646:
534:
909:
664:
617:The Expansion of Central Europe in the Middle Ages
580:
1031:
912:Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500–1250
854:
681:
779:
777:
753:
413:
1013:Photograph Archive of Old Original Documents (
726:
827:
517:
496:. Digital Repository of Scientific Institutes
135:Castle. Konrad took up negotiations with the
1014:
970:
810:
804:
783:
774:
574:
834:. Penguin Publishing Group. pp. 329–.
747:
613:
431:
310:). Konrad vested the few brethren with the
848:
821:
607:
322:was supposedly signed, according to which
211:) for the honor and glory of the true God.
658:
1016:Lichtbildarchiv älterer Originalurkunden
954:The Teutonic Knights: A Military History
457:
203:) and the territories of the Prussians (
975:. Translated by Fischer, Mary. Ashgate.
729:"The Golden Bull of Rimini, March 1226"
620:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 194–.
488:
1032:
894:Corwin, Edward Henry Lewinski (1917).
893:
884:
601:
540:
513:
511:
385:had insisted on written promulgation.
291:
951:
904:
754:Nikolas Jaspert (27 September 2006).
652:
640:
586:
286:
939:(in Italian). Vol. 45. Treccani
937:Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani
930:
900:. The Polish Book Importing Company.
855:J. Gordon Melton (15 January 2014).
419:
162:frontier and protect it against the
158:to settle and stabilize the eastern
92:to designate these conquests as the
814:Die ältere Chronik von Oliva - p.17
508:
482:
13:
682:Wojciech Zembaty (March 4, 2020).
218:), trusting also in the judgment (
191:), Duke of Masovia and of Kujawy (
14:
1096:
987:Text of the Golden Bull of Rimini
980:
1085:Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
828:Norman Davies (5 January 2012).
354:
971:Von Jeroshin, Nicolaus (2010).
897:The Political History of Poland
720:
698:
675:
1045:1220s in the Holy Roman Empire
916:. Cambridge University Press.
671:. Longmans, Green and Company.
546:
520:"FREDERICK THE SECOND - p. 92"
451:
425:
344:Livonian Brothers of the Sword
340:Grand Master Hermann von Salza
332:all other conquests in Prussia
146:, had been on campaign in the
1:
817:. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
407:
388:The bull was re-confirmed by
131:, attacking his residence at
64:
1070:Law of the Holy Roman Empire
760:. Routledge. pp. 130–.
7:
1080:State of the Teutonic Order
956:. Greenhill Books, London.
889:. Central University Press.
861:. ABC-CLIO. pp. 822–.
686:. Adam Mickiewicz Institute
665:Walter James Wyatt (1876).
614:Nora Berend (15 May 2017).
522:. Universal Digital Library
395:
177:
10:
1101:
878:
358:
295:
995:Goldene Bulle von Rimini
458:Jasiński, Tomasz (1994).
197:terra quae vocatur Culmen
46:. According to historian
308:Fratres Militiae Christi
952:Urban, William (2003).
318:. On 16 June 1230, the
1055:13th century in Poland
1015:
885:Bojtar, Endre (1999).
281:Margrave of Montferrat
229:
1023:University of Marburg
811:Max Perlbach (1871).
790:. Georg Olms Verlag.
784:Max Perlbach (1973).
464:Roczniki Historyczne
351:secular possessions.
216:sub monarchia imperii
184:
104:River. Backed by his
21:Golden Bull of Rimini
727:Helen J. Nicholson.
371:Golden Bull of Rieti
156:Andrew II of Hungary
123:, founded by bishop
59:Golden Bull of Rieti
52:Treaty of Kruschwitz
1009:"digitalised image"
518:ERNST KANTOROWICZ.
470:: 113–122, esp. 121
320:Treaty of Kruszwica
298:Treaty of Kruszwica
292:Treaty of Kruszwica
205:confinia Prutenorum
114:Henry I the Bearded
75:Konrad I of Masovia
287:Later confirmation
172:Holy Roman Emperor
110:Leszek I the White
90:Christian of Oliva
88:authorized bishop
923:978-0-521-89452-4
868:978-1-61069-026-3
841:978-1-101-54534-8
797:978-3-487-40320-5
767:978-1-134-24042-5
627:978-1-351-89008-3
575:Von Jeroshin 2010
432:Tomasz Jasiński.
390:Pope Alexander IV
338:, represented by
251:, the Bishops of
168:Pope Honorius III
86:Pope Honorius III
1092:
1026:
1018:
993:
976:
967:
948:
946:
944:
931:Kamp, N (1995).
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439:. Prussia Online
438:
429:
423:
417:
402:Prussian Crusade
375:Pietati proximum
348:Order of Dobrzyń
336:Teutonic Knights
328:lands of Chełmno
304:Order of Dobrzyń
121:Order of Dobrzyń
94:Prussian Crusade
54:of 1230 and the
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556:. Archive. 1882
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367:Pope Gregory IX
363:
357:
300:
294:
289:
271:, the Dukes of
228:
213:
212:
209:terram Prusciae
180:
144:Herman of Salza
67:
48:Tomasz Jasiński
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1087:
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1067:
1065:Law of Prussia
1062:
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1052:
1050:1226 in Europe
1047:
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1028:
1027:
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1002:Regsta Imperii
997:
989:
982:
981:External links
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978:
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645:
643:, p. 403.
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604:, p. 154.
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137:Teutonic Order
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40:Teutonic Order
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1000:Entry at the
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963:1-85367-535-0
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906:Curta, Florin
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735:on 2012-07-28
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678:
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668:A.D. 700-1390
661:
655:, p. 61.
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623:
619:
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610:
603:
598:
596:
589:, p. 46.
588:
583:
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576:
571:
555:
549:
543:, p. 45.
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489:Marian Dygo.
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469:
466:(in Polish).
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361:Bull of Rieti
355:Bull of Rieti
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1060:Golden Bulls
1040:1220s in law
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1001:
972:
953:
941:. Retrieved
936:
911:
896:
886:
857:
850:
830:
823:
813:
806:
786:
757:The Crusades
756:
749:
737:. Retrieved
733:the original
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710:. Retrieved
700:
688:. Retrieved
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609:
582:
570:
558:. Retrieved
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536:
524:. Retrieved
498:. Retrieved
484:
472:. Retrieved
467:
463:
453:
441:. Retrieved
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415:
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374:
364:
312:Dobrzyń Land
307:
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223:
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188:
186:
181:
152:Transylvania
141:
100:east of the
68:
32:Frederick II
20:
18:
992:(in German)
602:Bojtar 1999
541:Corwin 1917
379:Roman Curia
369:issued the
330:as well as
324:Duke Konrad
98:Culmer Land
1034:Categories
653:Urban 2003
641:Curta 2006
587:Urban 2003
474:17 January
408:References
326:ceded the
316:papal bull
279:, and the
224:defecerunt
150:region of
148:Burzenland
84:. In 1217
65:Background
27:issued by
420:Kamp 1995
392:in 1257.
383:von Salza
365:In 1234,
233:Magdeburg
220:prudentia
189:Chünradus
160:Hungarian
125:Christian
61:of 1234.
908:(2006).
739:July 25,
712:July 25,
690:July 25,
560:July 25,
526:July 25,
443:July 25,
396:See also
346:and the
201:marchiam
193:Cuiaviae
178:The Bull
118:military
108:cousins
943:25 July
879:Sources
500:May 24,
334:to the
277:Spoleto
269:Tortosa
253:Bologna
245:Palermo
237:Ravenna
102:Vistula
44:Prussia
29:Emperor
1075:Rimini
960:
920:
865:
838:
794:
764:
624:
342:. The
273:Saxony
265:Mantua
261:Cesena
257:Rimini
249:Reggio
164:Cumans
106:Polish
36:Rimini
25:decree
23:was a
494:(PDF)
437:(PDF)
133:Płock
129:Duchy
79:pagan
73:duke
71:Piast
56:Papal
958:ISBN
945:2020
918:ISBN
863:ISBN
836:ISBN
792:ISBN
762:ISBN
741:2020
714:2020
692:2020
622:ISBN
562:2020
528:2020
502:2019
476:2021
445:2020
275:and
267:and
247:and
241:Tyre
112:and
69:The
19:The
42:in
34:in
1036::
1021:.
1011:.
935:.
776:^
594:^
510:^
468:60
283:.
263:,
259:,
255:,
243:,
239:,
235:,
174:.
1025:.
1019:)
966:.
947:.
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871:.
844:.
800:.
770:.
743:.
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373:(
306:(
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