149:
intended to be read in order. Instead, at the end of a text section, the reader is typically given a choice of narrative branches that they may follow. Each branch contains a reference to the number of the paragraph or page that should be read next if that branch is chosen (e.g. to go north turn to section 98). The narrative thus does not progress linearly through the book or follow the paragraphs in numerical order. The story continues this way until a paragraph or page which ends that branch of the story. Many solitaire or adventure gamebooks feature a single "successful" ending, and the remainder are "failures". Thus, a gamebook becomes a "puzzle" since only a few or even one branching paths lead to victory. Branching plot novels, on the other hand, tend to be more concerned with narrative resolution rather than winning or losing, thus often have several endings which may be deemed equally "successful".
509:
145:, typically from Britain, would take the FF formula and push the limits of what could be achieved with printed text narratives (leading to, for example, twenty-book arcs in which the same created character could be taken sequentially from one to the next, or four or more books that contain interlocking references to each other in order to create one huge world map).
432:. The series became immensely popular worldwide and several titles were translated into more than 25 languages. The series reached the peak of its popularity with children in the 1980s. It was during this period that Bantam released several other interactive series to capitalize on the popularity of the medium (a few examples are:
721:
During the popularity peak of gamebooks in
Bulgaria, Bulgarian publishing houses believed that only Western authors would sell and, as a consequence, virtually all Bulgarian gamebook authors adopted English pseudonyms. This tradition persisted after their nationality was publicly disclosed. A smaller
148:
In all gamebooks, the story is presented as a series of sections of printed text. These are often but not always numbered. Branching-plot novel sections often run to several pages in length, whereas solitaire and adventure gamebook sections are usually no longer than a paragraph or two. These are not
114:
in novel form and feature sophisticated rules for battling monsters and overcoming obstacles. The story can be decided by factors other than the reader's choices, such as dice rolls (or other randomization mechanics, such as leafing through the book to arrive at a random paragraph number), the lack
950:
the first role-playing game to support solitaire play. Flying
Buffalo released 24 solo adventure books (plus several pocket size adventures) in the period 1976–1993. A number of the adventures are still in print today. They were very successful among players of role-playing games and inspired many
227:
series of interactive textbooks, published from the late 1950s up until the early 1970s. These books present the reader with a series of problems related to a particular area of study, allowing him or her to choose among several possible answers. If the answer to a problem is correct, the reader
1057:
books and role-playing solitaire adventures. The books involve a branching path format in order to move between sections of text, but the reader creates a character as in a role-playing game, and resolves actions using a game-system. Unlike role-playing solitaire adventures, adventure gamebooks
984:
Solitaire role-playing adventures also experienced a boom in the 1980s. Many role-playing rulesets included solo adventures which were intended to teach the rules systems to the players. Some companies released lines of solitaire adventures for their own games. Examples of games with prolific
1072:
series of gamebooks, one of the first adventure gamebook series. With over 60 titles, including a variety of spin-offs, the series popularised the gamebook format in the UK and many other countries, such as Canada, Australia, New
Zealand, South Africa, Singapore, the United States, Portugal,
52:
that allows the reader to participate in the story by making choices. The narrative branches along various paths, typically through the use of numbered paragraphs or pages. Each narrative typically does not follow paragraphs in a linear or ordered fashion. Gamebooks are sometimes called
939:
Solitaire adventures were a parallel development. This type of book is intended to allow a single person to use the rules of a role-playing game to experience an adventure without need of a referee. The first role-playing game solitaire adventures to be published were those using the
366:
system (1975). Buffalo Castle was innovative for its time, as it allowed the reader to experience a role-playing session without need for a referee. It has been followed by many other solitaire adventures for the T&T system, as well as solos for other tabletop role-playing games.
745:, offers the reader a choice to either read the book as a random collection of thirty-nine short stories about the same character, or as a single novel. A photo of the book's hero is published on the final page and the author asks the reader questions about the character.
124:(FF) franchise (started in 1982), which originated, codified, and popularised much of the more advanced format that many later gamebooks would follow (the geographic dichotomy led to this type of gamebook sometimes being analogously referred to as "British style").
78:
Production of new gamebooks in the West decreased dramatically during the 1990s as choice-based stories have moved away from print-based media, although the format may be experiencing a resurgence on mobile and ebook platforms. Such digital gamebooks are considered
640:
Despite the domination of works that have been translated from
English in most non-English-speaking countries, a sizable number of original gamebooks—both individual books and series—have been published in various countries; this is especially the case in
1058:
include all the rules needed for play in each book. Adventure gamebooks are usually not divided into numbered pages, but rather into numbered sections of text, so that several sections may fit in a single page, or a single section can span several pages.
966:, published in 1978. Eight adventures were released in total. One thing that set them apart was the need for miniatures and a hexmap, in order to take advantage of the combat and movement systems. These adventures were also very popular and influential.
1034:
As was the case with other types of gamebooks, the production of solitaire RPG adventures decreased dramatically during the 1990s. However, new solos continue to be published to this day. Some companies continue to produce solo adventures for
413:(1979). While these early efforts apparently achieved some popularity with readers, they (and the gamebook format in general) still did not have a publisher with the marketing strength required to make them available to mass audiences.
575:
and asked Ian
Livingstone and Steve Jackson to make a book about role-playing games. They instead offered the idea of a book which simulated the experience of roleplaying games. Within a year they presented a book under the name of
695:, not only as printed books, but also as comics, e-books or mobile applications. The author of the largest number of titles (20) is Beniamin Muszyński. Polish gamebooks are regularly written by their fans and published online by "
753:
The branching-path book commercial boom dwindled in the early 1990s, and the number of new series diminished. However, new branching-path books continue to be published to this day in several countries and languages.
228:
moves on to the next problem. If the answer is incorrect, the reader is given feedback and is asked to pick a different answer. This educational technique would form a basis for many later narrative gamebook series.
132:
are the two most popular, successful, and enduring gamebook franchises of all time, rendering them the archetypes of their respective, clashing styles and positions on the complexity spectrum. Later series like
1120:
Given the similar structure to html links between the pages of a website, numerous efforts have been made to create a digital equivalent to the gamebook format, with varying degrees of success. These include
353:
were another early influence that would contribute in major ways to the development of the gamebook form. The first module which combined a branching-path narrative with a set of role-playing game rules was
231:
During the 1960s, authors from several different countries started experimenting with fiction that contained multiple paths and/or endings. Some literary works in this vein include the French-language novel
668:
In some other countries, publication both of translated series and of original books began in later years. For example, the first original books in Brazil and Italy seem to have appeared in the 1990s.
875:
readers to play. The choice format of gamebooks has proved to be popular with ESL teachers as a way to motivate reluctant students, target critical thinking skills, and organize classroom activities.
800:
This type of book was seen predominantly as a form of entertainment for children. Nonetheless, there were books with more didactic purposes (ranging from historical series such as the aforementioned
1043:
solos (such as the ones by Dark City Games). The
Internet has provided a channel to distribute solitaire adventures, with both free and commercial adventures made available as electronic documents.
99:
aspect. At one end are the branching-plot novels, which require the reader to make choices but are otherwise like regular novels (this style is exemplified by the originator of the gamebook format,
184:
by Doris
Webster and Mary Alden Hopkins was published in the United States in 1930, and boasts "a dozen or more" different endings depending on the "taste of the individual reader". The 1936 play
621:
is a series of gamebooks written by J.H. Brennan (also beginning in 1984) that were also inspired by the
Arthurian legends. Set mainly on Avalon they make use of a dice based system.
378:
series, was, by contrast, slightly younger. British gamebooks differ from the
American tradition by having rules more strongly influenced by the game mechanics of roleplaying games.
969:
Meanwhile, several third-party publishers started to publish solitaire adventures meant for use with popular roleplaying systems. Some of the earliest adventures in this vein were
804:
to books with religious themes such as the Making
Choices series). Also, a few branching-path books were aimed at adults, ranging from business simulations to works of erotica.
194:, about a trial, is unusual in that members of the audience are chosen to play the jury and deliver a verdict, which then influences the play's ending: guilty or not guilty.
213:, published in 1945 in Britain under the name of "Alan George" (probably a pseudonym), is another early example of a story with multiple paths for the reader to follow.
205:" (1941). This story features an author whose novel is a three-part story containing two branch points, and with nine possible endings. Another story by Borges, titled "
159:
Many gamebooks form series with a common theme, trade dress, and/or ruleset. While each book is typically a stand-alone narrative, there are gamebook series such as
1088:. Adventure gamebooks experienced a publishing boom in the 1980s, most notably in the United Kingdom, the United States, Italy and France. British series such as
2463:
765:
titles in 2005. His company has also released some new titles. New books and series continue to be published in other countries to this day. Examples are the
156:
with the reader assuming the role of a character to experience the world from that character's point of view (e.g. "you walk into the cold and dark forest").
637:
Branching-path books also started to appear during the 1980s in several other countries, including Spain, France, Italy, Mexico, Chile, Denmark and Japan.
1019:). Solitaire adventures were also featured quite frequently in professional RPG magazines and fanzines. Several solo adventures (such as those for
2014:
38:
2330:
1015:. Some third-party publishers continued to release solo adventures for established RPG systems (including Judges' Guild, who released solos for
1221:
287:
Taken together, these influences may have contributed to the development of several pioneering gamebooks in the 1960s and 1970s. These include
1076:
Several authors in different countries continue to publish adventure gamebooks in the late 2010s. Notable examples are German fantasy authors
397:
and initially published by Vermont Crossroads Press, laid much of the groundwork for the later surge in popularity of the gamebook format.
1085:
224:
202:
1854:
1247:
2211:
262:(1967). Other early experiments include the short stories "Alien Territory" and "The Lost Nose: a Programmed Adventure" (both 1969) by
223:, have been recognized as an early influence on the development of branching path books. This learning method was first applied in the
405:
by R. A. Montgomery was published in 1977. Two standalone gamebooks authored by Packard would follow, both published by Lippincott:
1594:
872:
580:
to Puffin which Puffin agreed to publish. Having spent six more months developing the concept it was published under the name of
601:
player who developed the setting of Lone Wolf for his campaigns. However the books were also inspired by medieval texts such as
812:
Barring the aforementioned works of Dennis Guerrier in the 1960s, one of the earliest examples of the form is the five-volume
2054:
2028:
1284:
1100:
were translated into several languages and became very popular worldwide. The boom decreased considerably in the 1990s, with
2434:
2181:
1804:
1498:
718:
were translated for the Bulgarian market, the works of numerous Bulgarian gamebook authors were most popular with readers.
209:" (1941), also describes a book with a maze-like narrative, which may have inspired the gamebook form. The children's book
1342:
1073:
Tanzania, Brazil, Spain, France, Germany, Italy, Denmark, Israel, Japan, and after the fall of communism, Eastern Europe.
1527:
1445:
1011:
2351:
1371:
1310:
1294:
629:, a Japan-themed gamebook series by Mark Smith and Jamie Thomson (starting in 1985), is also a notable UK publication.
2405:
1774:
548:
455:, who released several branching-path novels based on their own role-playing games. The most famous TSR series was
268:
197:
Also quite early on, the possibility of having stories branching out into several different paths was suggested by
758:
went on to become the longest running gamebook series with 184 titles. The first run of the series ended in 1998.
1062:
1556:
1191:
530:
871:. The stories were retold in simplified language and re-organized plotlines, in order to make them easier for
977:(1979), published by Judges' Guild in the United States. Both of these adventures were meant to be used with
820:
genre to an interactive form. Published in the 1980s, this series was only available in Catalan and Spanish.
2530:
115:(or presence) of equipment or other items, or by various statistics, such as running out of health points.
2304:
1265:
603:
438:
344:
206:
161:
401:
by Edward Packard was written in 1969 but did not see publication until 1976. This became a series when
180:
2285:
2261:
896:
374:
series establishing the "American" gamebook tradition. The "British" tradition, as exemplified by the
1053:
863:
726:
authors also adopted Western pseudonyms, in addition to "official titles" that were also in English.
708:
526:
422:
321:
63:
31:
17:
2525:
904:
444:
519:
390:
330:
153:
1932:
2290:
1039:. There are also new solo adventures for a variety of systems, and even some influenced by the
828:
319:
series appeared in 1976–77, with two titles that would later become part of the groundbreaking
178:
There are several examples of early works of art with branching narratives. The romantic novel
792:
In recent years, the format may be getting a new lease of life on mobile and ebook platforms.
1858:
987:
589:
349:
186:
135:
625:
609:
8:
1158:
1148:
942:
787:
685:
362:
216:
80:
2520:
2495:
1790:
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1602:
928:
823:
2008:
1770:
1290:
1153:
1143:
1077:
845:
198:
107:
72:
2464:"Lemonbits gewinnt mit 'Die Monstertrickserin' den Sonderpreis Kindle Storyteller X"
1905:
684:
and other English-language series only appeared in Eastern European countries after
247:
2499:
1692:
1350:
1068:
956:
714:
563:
462:
428:
338:
120:
2380:
2237:
2062:
2032:
1740:
1668:
1535:
1453:
448:). Many other American publishers released their own series to compete with CYOA.
2442:
2359:
2189:
2132:
1808:
1716:
1644:
1623:
1506:
1474:
1379:
1318:
1251:
394:
2156:
2108:
2084:
1570:
1421:
1343:"Series – Miscellaneous Works by Jorge Luis Borges – Demian's Gamebook Web Page"
2413:
1829:
1138:
730:
650:
467:
356:
1993:
1693:"Series – Miscellaneous Works by Dennis Guerrier – Demian's Gamebook Web Page"
1266:"Theater Review : Rand's 'Night of January 16th' Has a Good Day in Court"
706:
for approximately ten years. Whilst internationally well-known series such as
303:(The Mysterious Bag, 1970) by Betty Orr-Nilsson, and the French-language book
2514:
2182:"Series – Choose Your Own Adventure (1979–1998) – Demian's Gamebook Web Page"
1122:
920:
916:
868:
472:
457:
452:
307:(Stories as You Want Them, 1978) by Marie-Christine Helgerson, among others.
281:
84:
1104:
being the last major British gamebook series. In the 2000s, reissues of the
2216:
1372:"Item – El JardĂn de senderos que se bifurcan – Demian's Gamebook Web Page"
1163:
1101:
1081:
999:
892:
861:
In 2011, McGraw-Hill Education began releasing adaptations of the original
839:
Some contemporary literary novels have used the gamebook format, including
817:
696:
568:
417:
292:
237:
220:
141:
111:
68:
1499:"Item – The Theater Tree: A Combinatory Play – Demian's Gamebook Web Page"
1337:
1335:
495:
spin-offs and many competing series were translated into other languages.
1528:"Series – Miscellaneous Works by the Oulipo – Demian's Gamebook Web Page"
1199:
1181:
The Evolution of Fantasy Role-Playing Games By Michael J. Tresca page 100
900:
491:, as well as for other series such as Wizards, Warriors and You. Several
484:
273:
263:
2507:– Visualised path-analysis of ten "Choose your own adventure" game books
2286:
Kerr, Euan. "Author lets readers choose what to do with lottery millions
1311:"Item – Examen de la obra de Herbert Quain – Demian's Gamebook Web Page"
416:
Packard and Montgomery took the idea of publishing interactive books to
2331:"The best places to read and write "choose your own adventure" stories"
1332:
962:
954:
Another early role-playing game with solitaire modules made for it was
840:
779:
738:
617:
533: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
480:
476:
299:
by Dennis Guerrier and Joan Richards (1969), the Swedish-language book
1422:"Media : Gamebook : SFE : Science Fiction Encyclopedia"
1400:
2406:"Item – The Warlock of Firetop Mountain – Demian's Gamebook Web Page"
1880:
1005:
658:
2133:"Series – The Adventures of You Series – Demian's Gamebook Web Page"
508:
2238:"Series – Barcelona máxima discreción – Demian's Gamebook Web Page"
1446:"Series – TutorText: Doubleday Series – Demian's Gamebook Web Page"
1126:
703:
191:
165:
that continue the narrative from the previous books in the series.
1125:, story websites, and various experiments with audio CDs (such as
919:
in 2003 packaged two "Choose-Your-Own-Erotic-Adventure" books for
632:
884:
723:
255:
241:
49:
561:
One of the most influential and popular gamebook series was the
106:
At the other end of the spectrum are what amounts to "solitaire
946:
system, beginning with the book Buffalo Castle in 1976, making
734:
692:
691:
Since the mid-1980s, about 90 gamebooks have been published in
642:
259:
1283:
Herman, David; Jahn, Manfred; Ryan, Marie-Laure (2010-06-10).
370:
The first commercially successful series of gamebooks was the
118:
The latter style is most commonly associated with the British
993:
1475:"Item – Un conte à votre façon – Demian's Gamebook Web Page"
826:
published a bestselling gamebook for adults in 2007, called
2504:
2109:"Item – Journey Under the Sea – Demian's Gamebook Web Page"
1956:
1213:
887:
gamebooks have been published by major publishers. In 1994
39:
Hunting and shooting in the United Kingdom § Equipment
2381:"Series – Tunnels and Trolls – Demian's Gamebook Web Page"
1979:
Beniamin Muszyński „Gry książkowe”, Literadar #16, s. 12.
1741:"Series – Den mystiska påsen – Demian's Gamebook Web Page"
702:
In the 1990s, the gamebook genre became highly popular in
699:" (publishing house which has been operating since 2010).
258:, and the works of the French literary group known as the
95:
Gamebooks range widely in terms of the complexity of the
2490:
2435:"Series – Fighting Fantasy – Demian's Gamebook Web Page"
2212:"Interactive fiction in the ebook era | Technology"
1717:"Item – Den mystiska påsen – Demian's Gamebook Web Page"
748:
571:
representative saw a hall full of 5,000 people playing
451:
One of the most popular competitors seems to have been
37:
For books historically used to record hunted game, see
2157:"Item – The Cave of Time – Demian's Gamebook Web Page"
2085:"Item – Sugarcane Island – Demian's Gamebook Web Page"
1112:
series emerged, and garnered some commercial success.
773:
series in Spain. The sixtieth and "lost" entry in the
729:
Several adventure gamebooks have been released in the
110:
adventures" or "adventure gamebooks", which emulate a
103:, and is sometimes referred to as "American style").
2352:"Item – Buffalo Castle – Demian's Gamebook Web Page"
2266:
bestseller list for paperback fiction: June 5, 2007"
1066:
was published in 1982, the first of what became the
934:
1791:"A Brief History of Gamebooks | Games Vs Play"
310:
1991:
1830:"The retro cult around Fighting Fantasy gamebooks"
1557:"Juego de cartas, de Max Aub, por @CuadernosVigia"
280:(Many Tales to Play With, 1971) by Italian author
1906:"Lone Wolf: Joe Dever Frequently Asked Questions"
1669:"Series – Lucky Les – Demian's Gamebook Web Page"
2512:
2052:
1645:"Item – Lucky Les – Demian's Gamebook Web Page"
671:
633:Outside the English-speaking world (mid 1980s–)
426:(CYOA) series was born in 1979, beginning with
1282:
1051:Adventure gamebooks incorporate elements from
911:) and into Italian for Ugo Guanda Editore (as
1401:"The Early History of Gamebooks: Discoveries"
973:(1978) by British author Richard Bartle, and
487:wrote several books for this line, including
434:Choose your Own Adventure for Younger Readers
276:, and the collection of short stories titled
1184:
2013:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1807:. Gamebooks.org. 2004-06-09. Archived from
783:, was finally published by Wizard in 2006.
203:An Examination of the Work of Herbert Quain
1286:Routledge Encyclopedia of Narrative Theory
761:R. A. Montgomery started rereleasing some
67:series originally published by US company
2305:"INTERVIEW: Nicholas Bourbaki, author of
1571:"Title: The Lost Nose: A Programmed Book"
549:Learn how and when to remove this message
471:series, which featured adventures in the
2328:
2209:
1031:) were translated into other languages.
899:, and later translated into English for
498:
1987:
1985:
873:English as a second or foreign language
829:Pretty Little Mistakes: A Do-Over Novel
593:, developed by Joe Dever in 1984. Like
461:(1982–). Another strong competitor was
381:
152:Gamebooks are typically written in the
14:
2513:
1903:
587:Another notable UK gamebook series is
1878:
1115:
832:. It was followed by a sequel titled
807:
749:Decline and resurgence (1990s onward)
567:series, which started in 1980 when a
2311:. ElectricLiterature.com. 2014-11-08
1982:
1129:'s short-lived "Terror TRAX" line).
531:adding citations to reliable sources
502:
2491:Demian Katz' catalogue of gamebooks
1192:"FAQs – Demian's Gamebook Web Page"
24:
1084:and Lemonbits, and British author
931:, a well-known writer of erotica.
923:' Gotham Books imprint, including
25:
2542:
2484:
1992:Hakop & J0K3RA (2006-11-15).
1219:
935:Role-playing solitaire adventures
389:, a two-book series, authored by
891:by Alina Reyes was published by
597:, the writer was an experienced
507:
311:Breakthroughs and popularization
2456:
2427:
2398:
2373:
2344:
2322:
2297:
2279:
2254:
2230:
2203:
2174:
2149:
2125:
2101:
2077:
2046:
2031:. Gamebooks.org. Archived from
2021:
1973:
1949:
1925:
1897:
1872:
1847:
1822:
1797:
1783:
1757:
1733:
1709:
1685:
1661:
1637:
1616:
1587:
1563:
1549:
1520:
1491:
1467:
1438:
1414:
1393:
1063:The Warlock of Firetop Mountain
1017:Advanced Dungeons & Dragons
849:(1999) and Nicholas Bourbaki's
582:The Warlock of Firetop Mountain
518:needs additional citations for
55:choose your own adventure books
27:Type of work of printed fiction
2329:Ferlazzo, Larry (3 May 2009).
1879:Blake, Jonathan (1998-01-01).
1364:
1303:
1276:
1258:
1240:
1175:
240:, the Spanish-language novels
90:
13:
1:
2061:. Demian Katz. Archived from
2029:"Items Published in Bulgaria"
1169:
1046:
269:The French Lieutenant's Woman
219:materials, first proposed by
2055:"Items Published in Hungary"
1957:"Demian's Gamebook Web Page"
1857:. 2005-11-27. Archived from
960:. The first such module was
856:
814:Barcelona, Maxima Discrecion
672:Eastern Europe (late 1980s–)
649:series) and in Japan (e.g.
411:The Third Planet from Altair
7:
1805:"Choose Your Own Adventure"
1222:"What Is Fighting Fantasy?"
1132:
604:Gawain and the Green Knight
345:Tabletop role-playing games
207:The Garden of Forking Paths
10:
2547:
2059:Demian's Gamebook Web Page
1904:Denver, Joe (1993-08-28).
1766:Histoires comme tu voudras
878:
816:series, which adapted the
785:
769:series in Germany and the
305:Histoires comme tu voudras
181:Consider the Consequences!
173:
168:
36:
29:
2053:Demian Katz (1998–2012).
1228:. ICON (Wizard) Books Ltd
1054:Choose Your Own Adventure
905:Weidenfeld & Nicolson
864:Choose Your Own Adventure
763:Choose Your Own Adventure
756:Choose Your Own Adventure
709:Choose Your Own Adventure
678:Choose your Own Adventure
493:Choose your Own Adventure
483:universes. Famous author
423:Choose Your Own Adventure
372:Choose Your Own Adventure
322:Choose Your Own Adventure
101:Choose Your Own Adventure
64:Choose Your Own Adventure
32:Playbook (disambiguation)
2268:. Boston.com. 2007-06-05
795:
741:, Narmin Kamal's novel,
445:Be An Interplanetary Spy
278:Tante storie per giocare
162:Steve Jackson's Sorcery!
30:Not to be confused with
975:Survival of the Fittest
897:Éditions Robert Laffont
834:Million Little Mistakes
676:Translated editions of
71:. Gamebooks influenced
2291:Minnesota Public Radio
1855:"Fighting Fantasy FAQ"
1599:Ansible-editions.co.uk
1025:Dungeons & Dragons
988:Dungeons & Dragons
979:Dungeons & Dragons
771:TĂş decides la aventura
647:La Saga du PrĂŞtre Jean
599:Dungeons & Dragons
573:Dungeons & Dragons
350:Dungeons & Dragons
61:after the influential
2496:Game Books Collection
985:solitaire lines were
686:the fall of Communism
499:The UK (early 1980s–)
403:Journey Under the Sea
387:The Adventures of You
335:Journey Under the Sea
317:The Adventures of You
254:(Card Game, 1964) by
187:Night of January 16th
48:is a work of printed
1933:"Castle of Darkness"
1861:on November 27, 2005
1403:. Fighting Fantazine
1248:"Rubenstein Library"
1098:The Way of the Tiger
1037:Tunnels & Trolls
1021:Tunnels & Trolls
948:Tunnels & Trolls
943:Tunnels & Trolls
655:Super Adventure Game
626:The Way of the Tiger
527:improve this article
489:The Badlands of Hark
382:The US (late 1970s–)
363:Tunnels & Trolls
201:in his short story "
2531:Interactive fiction
1595:"About John Sladek"
1426:Sf-encyclopedia.com
1272:. January 25, 1995.
1159:Nonlinear narrative
1149:Interactive fiction
925:Kathryn in the City
909:Behind Closed Doors
893:Pocket Books France
836:published in 2010.
788:interactive fiction
217:Programmed learning
81:interactive fiction
2294:September 26, 2010
1116:Online adaptations
929:Mary Anne Mohanraj
824:Heather McElhatton
808:Mainstream fiction
301:Den mystiska pĂĄsen
297:State of Emergency
2505:samizdat.cc/cyoa/
1885:The Kai Monastery
1624:"Alien Territory"
1270:Los Angeles Times
1254:. September 2017.
1154:List of gamebooks
1144:Interactive movie
1078:Wolfgang Hohlbein
1029:Das Schwarze Auge
1000:Das Schwarze Auge
889:Derrière la porte
610:Le Morte d'Arthur
559:
558:
551:
199:Jorge Luis Borges
73:hypertext fiction
16:(Redirected from
2538:
2500:Internet Archive
2479:
2478:
2476:
2475:
2468:amazon-presse.de
2460:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2450:
2441:. Archived from
2431:
2425:
2424:
2422:
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2412:. Archived from
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2368:
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2358:. Archived from
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2198:
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2188:. Archived from
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2040:
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2019:
2018:
2012:
2004:
2002:
2001:
1996:. Citadelata.com
1989:
1980:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1968:
1967:
1953:
1947:
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1913:Joe Dever Letter
1910:
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1601:. Archived from
1591:
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1567:
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1553:
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1505:. Archived from
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1452:. Archived from
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1368:
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1317:. Archived from
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1280:
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1226:Fighting Fantasy
1217:
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1198:. Archived from
1188:
1182:
1179:
1106:Fighting Fantasy
1090:Fighting Fantasy
1069:Fighting Fantasy
971:The Solo Dungeon
957:The Fantasy Trip
775:Fighting Fantasy
715:Fighting Fantasy
682:Fighting Fantasy
595:Fighting Fantasy
564:Fighting Fantasy
554:
547:
543:
540:
534:
511:
503:
429:The Cave of Time
399:Sugarcane Island
376:Fighting Fantasy
339:R. A. Montgomery
327:Sugarcane Island
234:L'ironie du sort
121:Fighting Fantasy
21:
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2526:Narrative forms
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1626:. Gamebooks.org
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1252:Duke University
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1012:Call of Cthulhu
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913:Dietro le porte
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663:Bouken Gamebook
635:
578:The Magic Quest
555:
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420:, and thus the
395:R.A. Montgomery
384:
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252:Juego de cartas
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2485:External links
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869:graded readers
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846:Life's Lottery
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786:Main article:
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468:Find Your Fate
391:Edward Packard
383:
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357:Buffalo Castle
331:Edward Packard
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248:Julio Cortázar
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2445:on 2016-12-04
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2439:Gamebooks.org
2436:
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2416:on 2012-01-07
2415:
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2192:on 2016-12-02
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2086:
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2065:on 8 May 2012
2064:
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2035:on 2013-01-29
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1745:Gamebooks.org
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1605:on 2017-02-23
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1382:on 2016-12-04
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1321:on 2016-12-03
1320:
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1315:Gamebooks.org
1312:
1306:
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1292:
1289:. Routledge.
1288:
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1123:visual novels
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516:This section
514:
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473:Indiana Jones
470:
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458:Endless Quest
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2472:. Retrieved
2470:. 2018-10-11
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2387:. 2012-06-12
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2163:. 2014-08-01
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1994:"Цитаделата"
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1960:
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1849:
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1836:. 2014-08-25
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1204:. Retrieved
1200:the original
1195:
1186:
1177:
1164:Visual novel
1119:
1109:
1105:
1102:Fabled Lands
1097:
1093:
1089:
1082:Markus Heitz
1075:
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1041:Fantasy Trip
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813:
811:
802:Time Machine
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743:Open It's Me
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569:Puffin Books
562:
560:
545:
536:
525:Please help
520:verification
517:
492:
488:
466:
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450:
443:
439:Time Machine
437:
433:
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