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types of infantry (grenadiers, fusiliers, rifles, light infantry etc.) within a particular army, each with its own uniform and facings. As a general rule, cavalry uniforms tended to be more varied, and it was not uncommon for each mounted regiment to retain its own facing colours up to 1914. Artillery, engineers and support corps normally had a single branch colour, although exceptionally each regiment of
Swedish artillery had its own facing colour until 1910.
181:
431:
for
Engineers, orange piped with white for the Signal Corps and black piped with scarlet for Ordnance personnel gave wide scope for adding distinctive branch facings as the Army became more technical and diverse. This system continued in general use until blue uniforms ceased to be general issue in 1917, and survives in a limited form in modern blue mess and dress uniforms.
149:, and "red speckled with white" were added to the by-then white uniforms of the French infantry. In 1791 an attempt was made to rationalize facings by giving groupings of up to six regiments a single colour, relying on secondary features such as piping or button patterns to distinguish separate units.
430:
adopted a universal dark and light blue uniform under which each regiment was distinguished only by numbers and other insignia, plus branch colors. The latter were yellow for
Cavalry, red for Artillery and white (later light blue) for infantry. Combinations of colours such as scarlet piped with white
441:
In the very large
Imperial German and Russian armies infantry facing colours were often allocated according to the position that a particular regiment held in the order of battle – that is within a brigade, division or corps. As an example, amongst the Russian line infantry, the two brigades within
422:
By the second half of the nineteenth century, the Dutch, Spanish, Swiss, Belgian, Japanese, Portuguese, Italian, Romanian, Swedish, Chilean, Mexican, Greek and
Turkish armies had come to follow French standardised arrangements, although in some cases variety might still be used to denote different
418:
The practice of using different facing colours to distinguish individual regiments had been widespread in
European armies in the 18th century when such decisions were largely left to commanding officers and uniforms were made by individual contractors rather than in centralised government clothing
283:
So widespread was opposition to the order, and so frequent the requests for special exceptions to be made, that the scheme in its original form was finally dropped and the historic colours were re-instated in a number of regiments, until full dress for the Army as a whole finally vanished with the
208:
had a flag, or colour, in a specific shade so as to be easily distinguished. The lining of uniform jackets came to be made from material of the same regimental colours, and turning back the material at the cuffs, lapels and tails of the jacket exposed the lining, or "facing". Most
European armies
381:
Even after World War I this tendency to revert to historic facings continued, although by that time the scarlet uniforms were normally worn only by regimental bands and by officers in mess and levee dress. As examples, the
Norfolk Regiment regained its former yellow facings in 1925 and the North
144:
etc. The initiative in fixing or changing facing colours was largely left to individual colonels, who in effect had ownership of their regiments. This tendency towards variegated facings reached its height in the "Dress
Regulation Facings for the Army" of 31 May 1776 when unusual shades such as
401:
wears dark blue No. 1 Dress with red facings, recalling its Royal
Artillery heritage, while the drummers of its band wear red tunics with black facings (recalling the black facings, buttons and equipment worn by rifle units, which had mostly worn rifle green tunics).
209:
adopted facings during the late 17th and early 18th centuries. By the 19th century, for reasons of economy, coat linings had become a universal white or black and distinctive regimental facings were reduced to collars and cuffs sewn on to the basic garment.
107:
each with their own specific and prominent colours. The use of distinctive facings for individual regiments was at its most popular in 18th century armies, but standardisation within infantry branches became more common during and after the
136:, there were many different facing colours (notably various shades of blue, red, yellow, green and black) on the standard grey-white uniforms of the French line infantry. Examples included blue for the RĂ©giment du
253:
389:
and various supporting corps, full dress tunics that were worn up until 1914 were actually dark blue, sometimes with facings in other colours, including red for the artillery. Today, the
442:
each division were distinguished by red or blue shoulder straps; while the four regiments within each division wore red, blue, white or green collar patches and cap bands respectively.
168:
had yellow or/and green facings. From 1854 on red facings became universal for all of the line infantry who made up the bulk of the French metropolitan Army, although the
212:
The tradition of associating particular colours with specific regiments continued into the 20th century, even when the general use of red tunics ceased in favor of
268:
While this standardisation made the manufacturing and replacement of uniforms simpler, it proved unpopular amongst the army at large. Some regiments (such as
284:
coming of war in 1914. While many regiments did continue with their new 1881 facings, instances where reversion to traditional colours was approved included:
75:, coat or tunic is of a different colour to that of the garment itself. The jacket lining evolved to be of different coloured material, then of specific
319:
293:
343:
248:
Irish Regiments – green. (In fact this meant only the Connaught Rangers. All other Irish Regiments were "Royal" and so had dark blue facings.)
156:
led to increasing standardisation of facing colours, for reasons both of economy and supply efficiency. Thus, for example, the French line
216:. Facings remained a part of the ceremonial uniforms retained by Household troops, bandsmen, officers and other limited categories after
438:
one. As late as World War I the latter employed 28 different colours, including 10 different shades of red, for its infantry facings.
231:
In 1881 an attempt was made, as an economy measure, to standardise facing colours for British infantry regiments (other than the four
637:
256:
The Manchester Regiment in the full dress uniform of 1914 with the white facings of most English and Welsh line infantry regiments.
349:
185:
686:
666:
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572:
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532:
491:
467:
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soldiers from the mid-17th century made it difficult to distinguish between units engaged in battle. The use of
269:
527:
Liliane et Fred Funcken, pages 48-90 volume 1 "L'Uniforme et les Armes des Soldats de la Guerre en Dentelle,
398:
289:
164:
of the early 19th century had red facings, with only numbers to distinguish one regiment from another. The
434:
Notable exceptions to such standardisation within branches were the British Army (as noted above) and the
331:
704:
239:
Guards and "Royal" Regiments (i.e. those with "Royal", "King's", or "Queen's" in the title) – dark blue
32:
394:
367:
280:(who had red facings) lost their claim to be the only truly red-coated regiment in the British Army.
264:
Royal Bermuda Regiment No. 1 Dress with red facings (also note drummer's red sleeve with black cuff)
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221:
193:
146:
17:
505:
The Encyclopædia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, Literature and General Information
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309:
8:
252:
100:
427:
355:
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172:, who constituted a separate branch, retained yellow facings as a special distinction.
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Otto Von Pivka, Michael Roffe, Richard Hook, G. A. (Gerry A.) Embleton, Bryan Fosten,
682:
662:
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Regulations and Notes for the Uniform of the Army of the United States 1902 and 1912
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68:
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276:) derived their names or nicknames from the colour of their facings and the
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military units that adopted dress distinctions from affiliated units of the
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225:
217:
482:
René Chartrand, William Younghusband, Bill Younghusband, Gerry Embleton
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Richard Simkin's Uniforms of the British Army – the Infantry Regiments
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57:
41:
37:
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Volume 27, "Uniforms", At the University press: 1911, pp: 584-593
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who wore dark green uniforms) according to the following system:
79:. Accordingly, when the material was turned back on itself: the
201:
91:
of the jacket exposed the contrasting colours of the lining or
72:
61:
585:
A History of the Regiments & Uniforms of the British Army
213:
84:
565:
L'Uniforme et les Armes des Soldats de la Guerre en Dentelle
598:
A History of the Regiments and Uniforms of the British Army
382:
Staffordshire Regiment its pre-1881 black facings in 1937.
152:
The rise of mass conscript armies during and following the
88:
80:
204:
assisted soldiers in rallying on a common point, and each
76:
95:, enabling ready visual distinction of different units:
659:
Fighting Troops of the Austro-Hungarian Army 1868–1914
545:
The French Army in the American War of Independence
397:(part of the Royal Regiment of Artillery) and the
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517:http://www.napoleonguide.com/infantry_austface.™
563:Liliane et Fred Funcken, pages 82-83 volume 1
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414:Austrian infantry with blue facings (c.1804)
344:the Prince of Wales's Own Yorkshire Regiment
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356:the Duke of Edinburgh's Wiltshire Regiment
426:The United States regular army after the
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31:
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484:Spanish Army of the Napoleonic wars
242:English and Welsh Regiments – white
220:. The practice was also adopted by
24:
25:
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587:, First Sphere Books edition 1972
350:the Duke of Wellington's Regiment
186:8th (The King's) Regiment of Foot
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608:W. Y. Carmen, pages 41 & 84
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583:Major R. M. Barnes, pages 232
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278:Duke of Wellington's Regiment
290:the Northumberland Fusiliers
44:with yellow facings (c.1808)
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486:, Osprey Publishing: 1998,
462:, Osprey Publishing: 1980,
332:the Highland Light Infantry
10:
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192:The standard red jacket ("
188:with yellow facings (1742)
140:, red for the RĂ©giment du
677:Richard Knotel, page 375
395:Bermuda Militia Artillery
368:the Durham Light Infantry
115:
67:where the visible inside
543:Rene Chartrand, page 21
460:Napoleon's German allies
393:, a 1965 amalgam of the
338:the Seaforth Highlanders
328:(white to Lincoln green)
245:Scots Regiments – yellow
128:(1720) with blue facings
326:the Devonshire Regiment
300:the Manchester Regiment
71:of a standard military
40:with red facings and a
36:A French Line Infantry
628:A. E. Haswell Miller,
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391:Royal Bermuda Regiment
346:(white to grass green)
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129:
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679:Uniforms of the World
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370:(white to dark green)
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123:
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362:the Suffolk Regiment
310:the Norfolk Regiment
196:") worn by British
27:Tailoring technique
428:American Civil War
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352:(white to scarlet)
316:the Essex Regiment
266:
258:
190:
130:
46:
705:Military uniforms
638:978 0 74780 739 1
364:(white to yellow)
312:(white to yellow)
65:military uniforms
16:(Redirected from
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334:(yellow to buff)
320:Pompadour Purple
52:, also known as
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387:Royal Artillery
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376:(white to buff)
358:(white to buff)
233:rifle regiments
184:Soldier of the
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154:Napoleonic Wars
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110:Napoleonic Wars
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399:Bermuda Rifles
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176:United Kingdom
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60:technique for
56:, is a common
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2:
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687:0-684-16304-7
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667:0-87052-362-7
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657:James Lucas,
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304:Lincoln green
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294:Gosling green
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274:Green Howards
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145:silver-grey,
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134:Ancien RĂ©gime
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126:Ile-de-France
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50:facing colour
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406:Other armies
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226:British Army
222:Commonwealth
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191:
151:
131:
53:
49:
47:
29:
419:factories.
318:(white to '
218:World War I
132:During the
124:RĂ©giment d'
494:, 48 pages
470:, 48 pages
446:References
302:(white to
292:(white to
166:voltigeurs
162:grenadiers
105:battalions
374:the Buffs
270:the Buffs
170:Chasseurs
158:fusiliers
138:Languedoc
101:divisions
97:regiments
58:tailoring
42:voltigeur
38:grenadier
699:Category
206:regiment
198:infantry
62:European
385:In the
194:redcoat
93:facings
54:facings
18:Facings
685:
665:
636:
616:
571:
551:
531:
490:
466:
202:colour
147:aurore
116:France
85:lapels
73:jacket
69:lining
214:khaki
142:BĂ©arn
89:tails
81:cuffs
683:ISBN
663:ISBN
634:ISBN
614:ISBN
569:ISBN
549:ISBN
529:ISBN
488:ISBN
464:ISBN
272:and
160:and
87:and
77:hues
103:or
701::
681:,
661:,
632:,
612:,
567:,
547:,
475:^
322:')
228:.
112:.
99:,
83:,
48:A
306:)
296:)
20:)
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