348:. The NIDIS Act calls for an interagency, multi-partner approach to drought monitoring, forecasting, and early warning, led by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). NIDIS is being developed to consolidate data on drought's physical, hydrological and socio-economic impacts on an ongoing basis, to develop drought decision support and simulation tools for critical, drought-sensitive areas, and to enable proactive planning by those affected by drought. NIDIS (www.drought.gov) draws on the personnel, experience, and networks of the National Drought Mitigation Center, the NOAA Regional Climate Centers, and the Regional Integrated Sciences and Assessments (RISAs), among others. Federal agencies and departments partnering in NIDIS include the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the Bureau of Reclamation, the U.S. Geological Survey, NASA, the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the National Science Foundation, and the Natural Resources Conservation Service.
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27:
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1182:. See above for additional information on this drought. In 2013 and early 2014, the California drought returned and intensified, expanding to much of the western US. In 2013, many places in California set all-time low precipitation records, with very little measurable rain falling across much of the state from January 2013 into mid-February 2014. San Francisco nearly halved its previous annual record low in 2013, receiving only 5.59 inches compared to a normal of 23.65. The 2012–2013 and 2013–2014 winter snowpacks were among the lowest recorded in the last 100 years. In January 2014, the state cut allocations from its
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19:
1290:(23.6 °C)) in U.S. history after the Dust Bowl era of 1936 74.6 °F (23.7 °C) the summer of 2012 was the third-warmest at (74.4 °F (23.6 °C)). This intense heat wave contributed to the intensification of the drought particularly over the Midwest and the Northern Plains. Because the drought conditions were forcing American farmers to sell off livestock, the Department of Defense sought to buy up meat at "fire sale" prices in order to stockpile meals for the lean times ahead.
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regions of
Colorado. The drought also affected Canada in certain divisions. The drought of 1988 became the worst drought since the Dust Bowl 50 years before in the United States; 2008 estimates put damages from the drought somewhere between $ 80 billion and almost $ 120 billion in damage (2008 USD). The drought of 1988 was so devastating that in later years it was compared against
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expectations of land productivity. The amount of land required to support a family in more arid regions was already larger than the amount that could realistically be irrigated by a family, but this fact was made more obvious by the drought, leading to emigration from recently settled lands. The
Federal government started to assist with irrigation with the 1902 Reclamation Act.
877:. This drought was widespread, unusually intense and accompanied by heat waves which killed around 4,800 to 17,000 people across the United States and also killed livestock across the United States. One particular reason that the drought of 1988 became very damaging was farmers might have farmed on land which was marginally arable. Another reason was pumping
362:(NRCS). Models of the law were sent to each state where they were enacted. These were the first enduring practical programs to curtail future susceptibility to drought, creating agencies that first began to stress soil conservation measures to protect farm lands today. It was not until the 1950s that there was an importance placed on
610:, carried by prevailing winds which were in part created by the dry and bare soil conditions itself. These immense dust storms—given names such as "Black Blizzards" and "Black Rollers"—often reduced visibility to a few feet (around a meter). The Dust Bowl affected 100,000,000 acres (400,000 km), centered on the
518:, as droughts benefit locusts, making plants more nutritious and edible to locusts and reducing diseases that harm locusts. Locusts also grow more quickly during a drought and gather in small spots of lush vegetation, enabling them to swarm, facts which contributed to the ruin of much of the farmland in the
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were pummeled by extensive heat waves which killed almost 700 people across the
Northeastern U.S. and unusually dry conditions caused billions of dollars in destruction during 1999. This unusually damaging drought was reminiscent of the Northeast United States drought of the 1960s considering it
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The conditions continued into 1989 and 1990, although the drought had ended in some states thanks to normal rainfalls returning to some portions of the United States. Dry conditions, however, increased again during 1989, affecting Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, much of
Nebraska, Kansas, Minnesota and some
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to zero percent (revised upwards to five percent in April), a record low, as reservoirs dropped to critical levels. Municipal districts in the northern and central parts of the state, including the capital, Sacramento, enacted water rationing while over half a million acres (2000 km) of
Central
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and
Midwest States during 1980 and 1983. The 1983 Midwestern States Drought was associated with very dry conditions, severe heat and substandard crop growth which affected prices and caused hardship for farmers. Multiple disaster declarations went out in Indiana and neighboring states because of the
469:
The earliest and longest drought discussed in the literature is the "Altithermal Long
Drought", which some scholars now believe was in reality two severe shorter droughts (ca. 7000-6500 BP and 6000-5500 BP), separated by an interval. Other early notable droughts in North America include the Fairbank
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The 1890s drought, between 1890 and 1896, was the first to be widely and adequately recorded by rain gauges, with much of the
American West having been settled. Railroads promised land to people willing to settle it, and the period between 1877 and 1890 was wetter than usual, leading to unrealistic
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aloft can prevent or restrict the developing of thunderstorm activity or rainfall over one certain region. Once a region is within drought, feedback mechanisms such as local arid air, hot conditions which can promote warm core ridging, and minimal evapotranspiration can worsen drought conditions.
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There were at least three major droughts in 19th-century North
America: one from the mid-1850s to the mid-1860s, one in the 1870s, and one in the 1890s. There was also a drought around 1820; the periods from 1816 to 1844 and from 1849 to 1880 were rather dry, and the 19th century overall was a dry
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years of the 1930s. Most of the drought in Texas ended or had it impacts ease by spring and summer 2012 as precipitation returned to the region, while the New
Mexican drought continued unbroken into 2014. The Texas and Southwest U.S. drought was also accompanied by a severe heat wave that brought
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Negative effects included bank closures and overburdened relief and health agencies. Economic migrants also had mixed success as native workers in many areas resented the intense competition for dwindling jobs. The National Drought Mitigation Center has reported that financial assistance from the
2265:
Peterson, Thomas C.; Heim, Richard R.; Hirsch, Robert; Kaiser, Dale P.; Brooks, Harold; Diffenbaugh, Noah S.; Dole, Randall M.; Giovannettone, Jason P.; Guirguis, Kristen; Karl, Thomas R.; Katz, Richard W. (2013-06-01). "Monitoring and Understanding Changes in Heat Waves, Cold Waves, Floods, and
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Certain regions within the United States are more susceptible to droughts than others. Droughts can be more damaging than tornadoes, tropical cyclones, winter storms and flooding combined. Unlike a hurricane, tornado or flooding, the onset of droughts happen gradually over a long period of time.
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California also experienced a multiyear drought, peaking in 2007–2009, when a statewide drought emergency was issued. Although reports of widespread agricultural losses were reduced in later analysis, large decreases were seen in many fish populations in the region, and additional reliance on
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was established for the purpose importing water from Canada in marine transport vessels formerly used for oil transport and converted to water carriers. The idea was commercially viable and Sun Belt Water Inc., was selected by the Goleta Water District to enter a long-term contract. When the
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since the late winter have all contributed to the drought and above average temperatures since February 2012. This further lead to the vicious cycle of reduced evaporation and decreased rainfall all through the spring of 2012. While the summer of 2011 was the second-warmest (74.5 °F
212:
rainfall. Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation over a longer duration.
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they depended upon on the Plains moved to river valleys in search of water, and those valleys were full of natives and settlers alike. The river valleys were also home to domestic livestock, which competed against the bison for food. The result was starvation for many of the bison.
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declared the 1983 drought their second-worst in the 20th century; 1983 was Ohio's driest calendar year. Los Angeles received more rainfall than Cleveland that year. The drought forced many trees and shrubs into dormancy and created water shortages in many towns. The associating
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and neighboring states. On August 29, 2024, the U.S. Drought Monitor highlighted an exceptional drought area over parts of West Virginia and Ohio; which was the first time in the Drought Monitor’s history that an exceptional drought had been highlighted over West Virginia.
621:", since so many of them came from Oklahoma) traveled to California and other states, where they found economic conditions little better than those they had left. Owning no land, many traveled from farm to farm picking fruit and other crops at starvation wages. Author
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was hit hard by drought in 1958–1959, badly straining water resources. A widespread, 1930s-style dust storm affected the Plains and beyond on 19 February 1954 driven by winds of up to 100 mph/161 km/h, drifting soil to 3 feet/a metre deep in some areas.
506:. While there was little rain-gauge data from the mid-19th century in the middle of the US, there were plenty of trees, and tree-ring data showed evidence of a major drought from around 1856 to around 1865. Native Americans were hard hit, as the
216:
If these factors do not support precipitation volumes sufficient to reach the surface over a sufficient period of time, the result is a drought. Drought can be triggered by a high level of reflected sunlight and above average prevalence of high
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486:. Data from tree rings indicate that the megadroughts which occurred throughout the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, exceeded anything which occurred within the twentieth century in both spatial extent and duration, including the
780:'s statewide snowpack reached an all-time low in 1977. Water resources and agriculture (especially livestock) suffered; negatively impacting the nation's economy. This drought reversed itself completely the following year.
1004:
had around 8 inches (200 mm) below average rainfall during 2002 (normal precipitation is 38.06 inches (967 mm) every year, during 2002 30.00 inches (762 mm) were recorded). The 2001–2002 rain season in
999:
was forced to impose mandatory limits regarding water for the first time in twenty-one years, as Colorado and other states in the Southwest were hit particularly hard by the severe drought conditions in 2002. The
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cities, and tree rings also document drought in the lower and central Mississippi River basin between the 14th and 16th century. The droughts of that period may have contributed to the decline and fall of the
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recorded only 2.99 inches (76 mm), compared to the annual average of 10.34 inches (263 mm). Records were broken in an even worse drought just five years later, during the 2006–07 rain season in
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associated caused the deaths of seventeen people and overall damage from the Southeastern-state drought of 1993 was somewhere between $ 1 billion and $ 3 billion in damage (1993 U.S. dollars).
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2502:"DUST STORM RAGES OVER MANY STATES; from Midwest to Mexican Border Some Areas Have Gales, Snow and Rain SILT DEEP ON SIDEWALKS Federal Officials Hail Gains in Curbing Soil Blowing Since Dust Bowl Era"
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killed between 500 and 700 people in the United States. Similar spells during 1980 caused between 4000 and 12000 deaths in the United States along with $ 24 billion in damage 1980 USD.
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were so severe that lakes were actually drying out. Wildfires, forest fires, and brush fires were very prevalent in association with the 2000s (decade) drought in the Southeastern United States. The
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experienced the most severe drought in recorded history. By the time the drought ended, 244 of Texas's 254 counties had been declared federal disaster areas. Drought became particularly severe in
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The United States Drought Monitor observed "extreme drought" conditions in much of the eastern half of Massachusetts, southeastern New Hampshire and the southern part of Maine in September 2016.
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during 1950 and 1951; the drought was widespread through the Central Plains, Midwest and certain Rocky Mountain States, particularly between the years 1953 and 1957, and by 1956 parts of central
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were hit with severe droughts and heat during 2005. The conditions caused $ 1 billion in overall damage, there were no deaths attributed to the drought and associated heat spells. The
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The U.S. drought of 2002 was reminiscent of the 1988 drought and was compared to the droughts of the 1930s, the 1983 drought and the dry spells of the 1950s. The drought also affected
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in what is now the central and western United States, between 900 and 1300. A megadrought struck what is now the American Southwest 1276–1299 C.E., which severely affected the
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fell victim to wildfires that burned many trees and created exceptional destruction in the area. This drought was very catastrophic for multiple reasons; it continued across the
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This graph shows average drought conditions in the contiguous 48 states, according to the EPA, with yearly data going from 1895 to 2011. The curve is a nine-year weighted average.
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experienced one of the worst droughts in the last 100 years. Many towns in eastern Connecticut have water restrictions and regional agricultural has been extensively impacted.
249:. Overall, global warming will result in increased world rainfall. Along with drought in some areas, flooding and erosion will increase in others. Paradoxically, some proposed
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reversed its existing bulk water export policy, the change in government policy led to a claim by Sun Belt Water Inc. against Canada under the provisions of Chapter 11 of the
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Valley farmland were fallowed. In 2015, wildfires burned over 7 million acres, primarily in the western U.S. and Alaska, which is approaching the all-time national record.
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Perceptions differ along political lines, on whether climate change was a "major factor" contributing to various extreme weather events experienced by respondents.
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1265:, the most destructive in Colorado history. Drought conditions have led to numerous firework show cancellations and voluntary water restrictions in much of the
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The 18th century seems to have been a relatively wet century in North America, but there were apparently droughts in Iowa in 1721, 1736, and from 1771 to 1773.
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Precipitation can be divided into three categories, based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice.
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Millions of acres of farmland became useless, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to leave their homes; many of these families (often known as "
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were hit with devastating drought which lasted almost four to five years in the 1960s, peaking in 1965. The drought affected multiple regional cities from
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in 1944 and continued through the entire rest of the decade; one of the longest recorded droughts observed there. This drought continued into the 1950s.
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are warmer and drier than average in the Northwest, northern Midwest, and northern Mideast United States, so those regions experience reduced snowfalls.
105:' years where relief and health agencies became overburdened and many local community banks had to close. The event also led to significant changes in
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record setting heat to much of Texas, including but not limited to bringing a 40-day stretch of temperatures at or above 100 °F (38 °C) to
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344:(NIDIS) Act was signed into law in 2006 (Public Law 109-430). The Western Governors' Association described the need for NIDIS in a 2004 report,
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823:, when annual rainfall was reduced by 5 to 35 percent below what was normal. Light precipitation continued into the spring of 1986, with
341:
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In 2012, much of the U.S. had drought conditions develop through the late winter and spring months and lasting into the summer, creating the
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continued through 2010 and did not end until March 2011. The drought shifted east during the summer of 2011 to affect a large portion of the
909:), Hurricane Andrew coming in third. The drought of 1988 qualifies being the costliest natural disaster in the history of the United States.
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that persisted into the fall. While not as severe as other major, more well-known droughts in the south and west where the climate is
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1994:
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Cleaveland, M.K., Duvick, D.N., 1992. Iowa climate reconstructed from tree rings, 1640–1982. Water Resources Research 28, 2607–2615.
1857:"Record rise in wheat price prompts UN official to warn that surge in food prices may trigger social unrest in developing countries"
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went through one of its longest observed droughts, from late 1986 through early 1991. Drought worsened in 1988–1989, as much of the
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1674:; Choularton, T.W. (June 2006). "A model of annual orographic precipitation and acid deposition and its application to Snowdonia".
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Other severe drought years in the United States happened through the 1950s. These droughts continued from the 1940s drought in the
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fell to a level expected to trigger federally mandated cuts to Arizona and Nevada's water supplies for the first time in history.
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1068:. Droughts vary in severity and have potential for causing elevated to exceptional damage wherever they focus their area toward.
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and Midwest areas. The U.S. drought of 2002 turned a normal fire season into a very dangerous, treacherous and violent season.
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recording their driest first six months on record. High amounts of precipitation during the winter of 1987 ended the drought.
359:
3831:
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846:, the five-year drought ended in late 1991 as a result of unusual persistent heavy rains, most likely caused by a significant
90:, modulate which areas are more prone to drought. Increased drought frequency and severity is also expected to be one of the
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602:, and blew away eastward and southward in large dark clouds. At times the clouds blackened the sky reaching all the way to
2016:
905:; in addition, it would be the costliest of the three events: Hurricane Katrina comes second with $ 81 billion (2005
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destroyed crops almost nationwide, residents' lawns went brown and water restrictions were declared in many cities. The
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High wheat prices caused by the drought have discouraged farmers from investing in alternative drought-tolerant crops.
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A severe drought struck the Southeast from 1985 through 1987. It began in 1985 from the Carolinas west-southwest into
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174:. Their standardized measurements track droughts on a severity scale from "Abnormally Dry" (D0) to "Exceptional" (D4).
162:
provides a national database to track the duration and severity of droughts in the United States. It is hosted by the
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and going with a more natural vegetation for the area can reduce the impact of drought, since a significant amount of
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1995:"Partisans remain split on climate change contributing to more disasters, and on their weather becoming more extreme"
87:
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American Society of Civil Engineers. Task Committee on Sustainability Criteria, Unesco/IHP-IV Project M-4.3 (1998).
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regions had a drought during 2002, which was accompanied by dry conditions, wildfires and hot temperatures over the
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Another significant drought in the United States occurred during 1988 and 1989. Following a milder drought in the
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3813:"Lake Powell Just Hit Its Lowest Level On Record. Here's What That Means For Colorado And States That Rely On It"
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Hydrologist Royce Fontenot said in 2019 that the impact of drought will linger according to the La Niña pattern.
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are most likely to be hit, droughts can also happen over the Upper Midwestern States, the Central Great Plains,
346:
Creating a Drought Early Warning System for the 21st Century: The National Integrated Drought Information System
75:
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1629:"A convective/stratiform precipitation classification algorithm for volume scanning weather radar observations"
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In summer 2016, severe drought affected the temperate New England and New York area, including a Massachusetts
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Scientists are noticing that in the past 25 years the world seems to be getting more La Niñas than it used to…
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meteorological events are generally associated with drier and hotter conditions and further exacerbation of
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1922:"Is Water the New Oil? | Common Dreams | Breaking News & Views for the Progressive Community"
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groundwater in farming may have set the precedent for further damages in the 2012–2015 California drought.
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During the drought of the 1930s, without natural anchors to keep the soil in place, it dried, turned to
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of the 1930s and drought in the 1950s, but was co-equal to the drought there in the early 21st century.
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1218:, Texas. Drought of severe magnitude also affected a large portion of the Southeastern US, especially
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1079:. The Southeastern United States were affected by heavy droughts extending from the Carolinas toward
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321:, which calls for the planting of vegetation which is local in origin and more resistant to drought.
114:
91:
31:
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Water Resources Support Center, Institute For Water Resources, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (1992).
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government alone may have been as high as $ 1 billion (in 1930s dollars) by the end of the drought.
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1983 drought. Readings of 100 °F (38 °C) or higher became prevalent in 1983 during these
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and a large portion of the Southwest bringing much of the region its worst drought seen since the
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reached a drought index of −7, three points below the extreme drought index. From 1950 to 1957,
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In 2008 and 2009, much of south and south-central Texas were in a state of exceptional drought.
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522:. The evidence for this drought is also primarily in tree-ring, rather than rain gauge, data.
144:. Meteorological scientists have observed that La Niñas have become more frequent over time.
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3500:""Exceptional drought" covers 32 million acres in south Texas | Management content from"
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Global Integrated Drought Monitoring and Prediction System, University of California, Irvine
3564:"With a stunning 7 million acres burned so far, the U.S. wildfire situation is looking dire"
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1489:"Large contribution from anthropogenic warming to an emerging North American megadrought"
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1018:(3.21 inches (82 mm) compared to the annual average of 15.14 inches (385 mm)).
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cities such as New York and Washington, D.C. Much of the soil ended up deposited in the
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lands from 1930 to 1936 (in some areas until 1940). The phenomenon was caused by severe
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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725:
330:
324:
When California suffered a severe drought from 1985 to 1991, a California company,
39:
1137:
themselves received only 17.88 inches (454 mm) of precipitation during 2005.
921:
experienced high temperatures and conditions of drought for extended periods. The
4749:
4699:
4495:
4428:
4383:
4283:
2198:
1250:
1049:
988:
637:
591:
that normally kept the soil in place and trapped moisture even during periods of
286:
218:
209:
5181:
3288:
3261:
3026:
1566:
4168:
2593:"California Drought of 1976 and 1977—Extent, Damage, and Governmental Response"
2212:
1943:
1443:
1274:
1231:
1223:
855:
632:
622:
614:
of Texas and Oklahoma, and adjacent parts of New Mexico, Colorado, and Kansas.
607:
282:
258:
238:
3794:"Lake Powell level about to hit a historic low as West's water crisis deepens"
3726:
2287:
1655:
1628:
893:
States and North Plains States during 1989, not officially ending until 1990.
5634:
3180:
1546:
1390:
1386:
1371:
dropped to its lowest level since 1969 when the reservoir was first filling.
1286:
1282:
1190:
930:
890:
851:
839:
773:
564:
549:
519:
205:
3889:
1512:
1488:
4775:
4754:
3685:
2662:
1520:
1453:
1022:
953:
878:
717:
584:
576:
503:
182:
3860:
https://www.droughtmonitor.unl.edu/data/narrativepdf/20240827_nar_usdm.pdf
3655:"Scenes From New England's Drought: Dry Wells, Dead Fish and Ailing Farms"
3585:
2592:
1379:
1368:
1246:
1194:
1134:
1080:
1065:
1053:
1015:
1001:
962:
729:
545:
474:
317:"cash for grass" program, the people are paid to remove grass and put in
278:
5534:
4720:
Weather records for Michigan, North Carolina, Connecticut, and Minnesota
4759:
3832:"Severe drought threatens Hoover dam reservoir – and water for US west"
1329:
1206:
1100:
1099:
drought caused over $ 1 billion in damage. The drought of 2006–2007 in
949:
843:
835:
813:
777:
757:
721:
692:
676:
568:
541:
310:
3849:
https://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/data/narrativepdf/20240618_nar_usdm.pdf
2117:
1897:"Nigerian Scholar Links Drought, Climate Change to Conflict in Africa"
1769:
Paepe, Roland; Fairbridge, Rhodes Whitmore; Jelgersma, Saskia (1990).
1270:
1227:
1071:
There were extensive droughts through the 2000s (decade) all over the
847:
231:
129:
5016:
2043:
1969:"California is rationing water amid its worst drought in 1,200 years"
1372:
1361:
1254:
1210:
1122:
1118:
1084:
1010:
922:
799:
749:
737:
535:
487:
478:
102:
3405:
3380:
2217:
Chaco Canyon: Archaeologists Explore the Lives of an Ancient Society
2068:"State Conservation District Laws Development and Variations – NRCS"
1549:. National Drought Mitigation Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
225:
carrying continental, rather than oceanic air masses, and ridges of
5002:
4764:
3172:
2472:"Texas State Parks in the 1950s – Texas State Library | TSLAC"
2334:"Causes and consequences of 19th-century droughts in North America"
2109:
1972:
1357:
1353:
1345:
1333:
1258:
1130:
1114:
1110:
1088:
1026:
957:
941:
808:
753:
745:
713:
684:
122:
62:
leads to drought, and is caused by an above average persistence of
35:
1474:"Climate-driven megadrought is emerging in western US, study says"
159:
3449:
2769:
Billion Dollar Disasters (Northern Plains Drought in Summer 1989)
1993:
Ajasa, Amudalat; Clement, Scott; Guskin, Emily (23 August 2023).
1337:
1328:
Beginning in summer 2020, drought was widespread in the Dakotas,
1242:
1092:
1030:
984:
870:
820:
804:
733:
592:
580:
572:
560:
556:
191:
71:
55:
261:
for one, may also carry with them increased chances of drought.
245:
and increased social unrest throughout the world, especially in
22:
Percent Area in U.S. Drought Monitor Categories since year 2000.
3629:"Researchers Seek New Strains for Biofuels | Defense News"
2040:
Unnatural law: rethinking Canadian environmental law and policy
1349:
1266:
1215:
1034:
996:
961:
affected similar states within the Northeast United States and
443:
Please try to keep recent events in historical perspective and
314:
101:
occurred during the 1930s and 1940s, periods of time known as '
3878:
2254:– via Digital Commons, University of Nebraska - Lincoln.
2245:"Drought in the United States: Causes and Issues for Congress"
2096:
Antevs, Ernst (1955). "Geologic-Climatic Dating in the West".
1241:. Meanwhile, severe to extreme drought developed in the lower
470:
Drought of 500 BC and the Whitewater Drought of 330 C.E.
1269:, Mid-Mississippi and Ohio River Valleys. Lagging effects of
1179:
1076:
688:
680:
588:
507:
3582:"U.S. Wildfire Statistics - Fire Count, Acres Burned, Costs"
1307:, it was among the most severe for the northeastern region.
3873:
3749:"Increasing Dry Conditions are Concerning for North Dakota"
3102:
1394:
1341:
1126:
741:
618:
599:
540:
The Dust Bowl or the Dirty Thirties was a period of severe
306:
222:
199:
3884:
2379:"Drought: A Paleo Perspective – 20th Century Drought"
1669:
1573:"Weather's unwanted guest: Nasty La Niña keeps popping up"
204:
Mechanisms of producing precipitation include convective,
3526:"The California Drought (2007–2009): Myth versus Reality"
2336:. Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University
807:
across the Midwest, Ohio Valley Regions and Great Lakes.
3381:"United States drought of 2007: historical perspectives"
2264:
1768:
764:
recorded its worst drought of the 20th century in 1961.
695:, with some natural lakes drying up completely in 1953.
3810:
2730:
Lessons learned from the California Drought (1987–1992)
1825:"Drought and Climate Change: Implications for the West"
933:
damage amounting to an estimated $ 40 billion in 1998.
514:
The 1870–1877 drought brought with it a major swarm of
1670:
Dore, A.J.; Mousavi-Baygi, M.; Smith, R.I.; Hall, J.;
2542:
Plight of Farmers in State Deepening in Worst Drought
2219:. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 55–57.
2156:
2017:"U.S. firm sues Canada for $ 10.5 billion over water"
1775:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 22.
2303:"What tree rings reveal about America's megadrought"
2266:
Droughts in the United States: State of Knowledge".
1405:
1367:
In July 2021, after two more extremely dry winters,
756:
and the Great Plains. Drought continued in parts of
2327:
2325:
1944:"'Sunshade' for global warming could cause drought"
3681:"Despite all the rain, the drought got much worse"
3075:, Utah Division of Water Resources, archived from
2689:Sustainability criteria for water resource systems
2615:. Bureau of Agricultural Economics. Archived from
2522:. New England Historical Society. 5 September 2016
1992:
563:coupled with decades of extensive farming without
5211:
2243:Folger, Peter; Cody, Betsy A.; Carter, Nicole T.
1986:
834:experienced a lengthy drought in the late 1980s.
354:on April 27, 1935, signed documents creating the
66:over the affected area. Changes in the track of
30:A farmer and his two sons during a dust storm in
5632:
4198:
3678:
2791:"Drought Stricken Areas Find Relief after Rains"
2322:
2190:
772:Short term droughts hit particular spots of the
2331:
2268:Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
1816:
1795:
1197:reservoir during the California drought in 2015
172:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
97:Drought having an acute economic impact in the
3874:National Integrated Drought Information System
3709:"Hydrologist says drought impacts will linger"
2904:"The September 1990 Drought Index in Nebraska"
1879:"Fuel costs, drought influence price increase"
1799:The Oryx Resource Guide to El Niño and La Niña
865:the year before, this drought spread from the
342:National Integrated Drought Information System
5550:
5197:
4791:
4184:
3919:
3905:
3829:
3608:"DOD to Review Meat Purchases During Drought"
2404:A History of Us: War, Peace and all that Jazz
2205:
1966:
1487:Williams, A. Park; et al. (2020-04-17).
5125:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
4805:
3791:
3771:Nearly all of Iowa Seeing Drought Conditions
3652:
3542:
3378:
2970:"December 1990 Drought Indexes in Minnesota"
2753:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2520:"The 1965 Drought, New England's Worst Ever"
2512:
2242:
1935:
1823:Adams, Richard M.; Peck, Dannele E. (2002).
1796:D'Aleo, Joseph S.; Grube, Pamela G. (2002).
1598:"U.S. Drought Monitor Classification Scheme"
1009:was the driest since records began in 1877.
366:was put into the existing laws (NRCS 2014).
4650:Cities by sunshine duration § North America
2926:"November 1990 Drought Indexes in Nebraska"
2712:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2332:Seager, Richard; Herweijer, Celine (2011).
2089:
1103:contributed to the extreme severity of the
5557:
5543:
5204:
5190:
4798:
4784:
4191:
4177:
3912:
3898:
3672:
3446:"The Quad Cities is under Extreme Drought"
1641:(4). Cambridge University Press: 291–300.
1626:
5564:
3605:
3497:
3404:
2948:"The May 1990 Drought Index in Minnesota"
2238:
2236:
1822:
1702:
1654:
1590:
798:Droughts also affected the Northeast US,
277:in 2009, which is experiencing its worst
119:water storage and delivery infrastructure
3423:. The Brownfield Network. Archived from
3149:"Drought under global warming: a review"
2882:"March 1990 Drought Indexes in Nebraska"
2860:"September 1989 Drought Indexes in Iowa"
2816:"The January 1989 Drought Index in Iowa"
2177:
1899:. US Department of State. Archived from
1772:Greenhouse Effect, Sea Level and Drought
1486:
1234:had contributed to the intense drought.
1189:
1158:2010–2013 Southern United States drought
409:
292:
268:
241:are expected to trigger droughts with a
181:
25:
17:
2789:Robbins, William (September 16, 1989).
2788:
2639:"U.S. Drought Disaster Declared by U.S"
2636:
2371:
1471:
1320:Southwestern North American megadrought
1226:. It is believed that a combination of
1154:Southwestern North American megadrought
1040:Although the Western United States and
975:Southwestern North American megadrought
940:during 1999 – the Northeast, including
264:
168:United States Department of Agriculture
125:, and influenced other social changes.
5633:
3811:Michael Elizabeth Sakas (2021-07-24).
3706:
3679:Dylan McGuinness (November 17, 2016).
3561:
3545:"California farmers to get more water"
3523:
3502:. Southwest Farm Press. Archived from
3379:Maxwell, Justin; Soule, Peter (2009).
2613:"Oilseeds: situation and outlook 1984"
2233:
2150:
2138:
2095:
1941:
1876:
1708:
1540:
1538:
1385:Beginning in June of 2024; a historic
842:also suffered from severe drought. In
360:Natural Resources Conservation Service
253:that focus on more active techniques,
5538:
5185:
4779:
4172:
3893:
2406:. New York: Oxford University Press.
2401:
2355:"Agricultural and Forest Meteorology"
2300:
2211:
1741:
58:since about year 2000. Below normal
2196:
2162:
2037:
2005:from the original on 23 August 2023.
1877:Sherer, Dennis (14 September 2007).
1544:
1249:as well as the southern and central
732:; the drought also affected certain
420:
373:
313:is used to keep lawns green. In the
3653:Jess Bidgood (September 26, 2016).
3146:
3029:(Report). Christian Science Monitor
2928:. The Palmer Modified Drought Index
2906:. The Palmer Modified Drought Index
2884:. The Palmer Modified Drought Index
2862:. The Palmer Modified Drought Index
2840:. The Palmer Modified Drought Index
2818:. The Palmer Modified Drought Index
1942:Brahic, Catherine (2 August 2007).
1535:
936:Similar drought conditions hit the
335:North American Free Trade Agreement
13:
3338:(Report). National Weather Service
3316:(Report). National Weather Service
2838:"May 1989 Drought Indexes in Iowa"
2733:. ASCE Publications. p. 122.
2692:. ASCE Publications. p. 204.
2180:"Tree rings reveal 'megadroughts'"
1845:from the original on 24 July 2020.
1439:United States rainfall climatology
1434:National Drought Policy Commission
186:La Niña's impact on global climate
154:United States rainfall climatology
117:, inspired further growth in U.S.
54:region has experienced widespread
14:
5657:
3867:
3631:. defensenews.com. Archived from
2637:Malcolm, Andrew H. (1983-09-03).
2568:"Drought Ripples through Economy"
2178:Erickson, Jim (11 October 2004).
1627:Anagnostou, Emmanouil N. (2004).
273:A typical dry lakebed is seen in
243:substantial impact on agriculture
88:Atlantic multidecadal oscillation
5001:
4968:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
4033:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
3707:Grover, Hannah (April 2, 2019).
3474:Iowa Annual Weather Summary 2005
3421:"U.S. drought conditions worsen"
3314:Los Angeles Climate Data/Records
3105:, 28 August 2000, archived from
3027:Spotty Rains Define 1989 Drought
2247:. Congressional Research Service
1408:
1162:2012–2013 North American drought
1075:, continuing as far westward as
425:
378:
281:in 1,200 years, precipitated by
3853:
3842:
3823:
3804:
3785:
3763:
3741:
3719:
3700:
3646:
3621:
3599:
3574:
3555:
3536:
3517:
3491:
3466:
3438:
3413:
3372:
3350:
3328:
3306:
3281:
3262:The Drought of 2002 in Colorado
3254:
3229:
3208:
3187:
3140:
3119:
3089:
3063:
3041:
3019:
2984:
2972:. Palmer Modified Drought Index
2962:
2950:. Palmer Modified Drought Index
2940:
2918:
2896:
2874:
2852:
2830:
2808:
2782:
2761:
2720:
2679:
2655:
2630:
2605:
2585:
2560:
2534:
2494:
2485:
2464:
2442:
2420:
2395:
2347:
2313:
2294:
2258:
2171:
2144:
2132:
2060:
2031:
2009:
1960:
1914:
1889:
1870:
1849:
1789:
1762:
1748:. Academic Press. p. 348.
1709:Pearce, Robert Penrose (2002).
1571:science writer (May 28, 2022).
1378:Between 2020 and 2022, eastern
571:or other techniques to prevent
496:
237:Activities resulting in global
4660:Derecho events § North America
3336:San Diego Climate Data/Records
2186:. Scripps Howard News Service.
1967:Irina Ivanova (June 2, 2022).
1735:
1715:. Academic Press. p. 66.
1696:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.01.043
1663:
1620:
1602:University of Nebraska-Lincoln
1560:
1480:
1465:
1324:2020–22 North American drought
1277:, and also a large persistent
881:near the depletion mark. The
790:1988–90 North American drought
164:University of Nebraska-Lincoln
46:The United States' contiguous
1:
5641:Droughts in the United States
5213:Droughts in the United States
3885:United States Drought Monitor
3269:The Colorado State University
2474:. Tsl.state.tx.us. 2014-02-28
2451:Water Issues during the 1950s
2383:National Climatic Data Center
2301:Chang, Alvin (17 June 2021).
1802:. Greenwood. pp. 48–49.
1742:Houze, Robert A. Jr. (1994).
1712:Meteorology at the Millennium
1472:Krajick, Kevin (2020-04-16).
1459:
1261:including the record setting
544:causing major ecological and
447:related to non-recent events.
438:slanted towards recent events
5646:Climate of the United States
4200:Climate of the United States
4158:United States Virgin Islands
3830:Oliver Milman (2021-07-13).
3562:Mooney, Chris (2015-08-19).
3524:Gleick, Peter (2011-06-16).
2992:Improving Drought Management
2038:Boyd, David Richard (2003).
1424:Climate of the United States
1166:2011–2017 California drought
929:drought has caused over the
873:, Northern Great Plains and
99:history of the United States
76:El Niño-Southern Oscillation
7:
3792:Brian Maffly (2021-07-22).
3543:Smith, Scott (2014-04-19).
3530:The San Francisco Chronicle
3147:Dai, Aiguo (January 2011).
1924:. Common Dreams. 2008-11-02
1634:Meteorological Applications
1449:Atmospheric water generator
1401:
1239:2012 North American drought
979:2002 North American drought
464:
251:solutions to global warming
196:Precipitation (meteorology)
84:Pacific Decadal Oscillation
10:
5662:
4725:Weather-related fatalities
4685:Hailstorms § North America
3920:Droughts in North America
3479:(Report). Iowa Agriculture
3098:Earth Observatory/Droughts
2999:The University of Nebraska
2201:. Encyclopedia Britannica.
2167:. Encyclopedia Britannica.
1317:
1151:
1073:Southeastern United States
1062:Northeastern United States
972:
919:Southeastern United States
863:Southeastern United States
794:1983 United States drought
787:
710:Northeastern United States
673:Southwestern United States
664:
655:Southwestern United States
587:had displaced the natural
533:
255:solar radiation management
189:
151:
147:
142:Southeastern United States
80:North Atlantic Oscillation
78:, or ENSO, as well as the
5572:
5494:
5480:
5219:
5143:
5110:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
5010:
4999:
4811:
4642:
4519:
4481:
4467:
4206:
4133:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
4051:
3925:
3072:Drought Condition in Utah
2663:"The Top Ten Heat Events"
2548:(Report). October 1, 1964
2288:10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00066.1
2197:Pallardy, Richard (ed.).
2163:Pallardy, Richard (ed.).
1656:10.1017/S1350482704001409
1105:2007 California wildfires
887:Yellowstone National Park
387:This section needs to be
369:
177:
166:with assistance from the
115:water resource management
92:effects of global warming
70:, which can occur during
5514:Northern Mariana Islands
5130:Turks and Caicos Islands
4806:Droughts in the Americas
4710:Snowiest places by state
4501:Northern Mariana Islands
4153:Turks and Caicos Islands
3751:. Cattle Business Weekly
3606:John Pike (2012-08-13).
3498:Ron Smith (2009-08-03).
3216:"The US Drought of 2002"
3127:Billion Dollar Disasters
2104:(4): 317–335, page 320.
1547:"Drought: The Dust Bowl"
1313:
1147:
1097:2006-2008 Southeast U.S.
968:
912:
783:
767:
703:
660:
648:
529:
4665:Extremely critical days
1832:Western Economics Forum
1676:Atmospheric Environment
1513:10.1126/science.aaz9600
1046:Southeast United States
938:Northeast United States
305:In dry areas, removing
5045:British Virgin Islands
4604:Minneapolis–Saint Paul
4083:British Virgin Islands
3713:Farmington Daily Times
3358:Canada Drought of 2002
3239:. NOAA. Archived from
3237:"NOAA Drought Monitor"
3129:(Report). Live Science
2771:(Report). Live Science
1545:Egan, Timothy (2005).
1352:; as well as parts of
1205:struck much of Texas,
1198:
776:during 1976 and 1977.
516:Rocky Mountain Locusts
484:Mississippian cultures
415:
358:Service (SCS)—now the
298:
290:
187:
134:droughts in California
68:extratropical cyclones
43:
23:
5566:Droughts in the World
4958:Saint Kitts and Nevis
4023:Saint Kitts and Nevis
3817:Colorado Public Radio
3727:"The Drought of 2020"
3454:Rock Island, Illinois
3109:on September 16, 2008
2454:, Living History Farm
1318:Further information:
1285:present over much of
1193:
1152:Further information:
1091:. Droughts affecting
973:Further information:
907:United States dollars
875:Western United States
832:Western United States
653:Drought began in the
413:
296:
272:
257:through the use of a
185:
29:
21:
3610:. Globalsecurity.org
3153:WIREs Climate Change
2165:"Whitewater Drought"
1429:Drought in Australia
1416:United States portal
1301:and New York drought
1253:. This led to large
901:in 1992 and against
854:and the eruption of
760:in the early 1960s.
265:Government responses
160:U.S. Drought Monitor
128:Furthermore, global
5524:U.S. Virgin Islands
5135:U.S. Virgin Islands
4978:Trinidad and Tobago
4823:Antigua and Barbuda
4735:North American High
4730:Backdoor cold front
4695:Snow and ice events
4511:U.S. Virgin Islands
4038:Trinidad and Tobago
3933:Antigua and Barbuda
3635:on January 21, 2013
3568:The Washington Post
3397:2009ClRes..38...95M
3289:The Drought of 2002
3195:The Climate of 1999
3165:2011WIRCC...2...45D
2508:. 20 February 1954.
2402:Hakim, Joy (1995).
2280:2013BAMS...94..821P
2213:Fagan, Brian Murray
2141:, p. figure 93
1999:The Washington Post
1885:on 16 October 2007.
1688:2006AtmEn..40.3316D
1647:2004MeApp..11..291A
1505:2020Sci...368..314W
1184:State Water Project
1007:Southern California
762:Southern California
697:Southern California
667:1950s Texas drought
641:about such people.
628:The Grapes of Wrath
352:President Roosevelt
326:Sun Belt Water Inc.
285:, and is therefore
227:high pressure areas
140:and to some extent
74:cycles such as the
4888:Dominican Republic
4745:Atlantic hurricane
4740:North Pacific High
3973:Dominican Republic
3659:The New York Times
3360:(Report). CDC News
2795:The New York Times
2643:The New York Times
2546:The New York Times
2506:The New York Times
2360:. Web.missouri.edu
2098:American Antiquity
1199:
1172:California drought
736:States, including
416:
364:water conservation
319:desert landscaping
299:
291:
247:developing nations
188:
44:
24:
5628:
5627:
5532:
5531:
5179:
5178:
4773:
4772:
4705:Snow in Louisiana
4166:
4165:
4055:other territories
3798:Salt Lake Tribune
2699:978-0-7844-0331-0
2226:978-0-19-517043-6
2053:978-0-7748-1049-4
1809:978-1-57356-378-9
1782:978-0-7923-1017-4
1755:978-0-08-050210-6
1722:978-0-12-548035-2
1682:(18): 3316–3326.
1608:on 21 August 2014
1567:Seth Borenstein,
1499:(6488): 314–318.
1389:impacted much of
1279:upper level ridge
1263:Waldo Canyon fire
1058:Ohio River Valley
1042:Southwestern U.S.
903:Hurricane Katrina
567:, fallow fields,
462:
461:
408:
407:
356:Soil Conservation
111:soil conservation
107:farming practices
5653:
5559:
5552:
5545:
5536:
5535:
5488:Washington, D.C.
5482:Federal district
5206:
5199:
5192:
5183:
5182:
5100:Saint Barthélemy
5060:Falkland Islands
5005:
4800:
4793:
4786:
4777:
4776:
4520:By city, county,
4475:Washington, D.C.
4469:Federal district
4193:
4186:
4179:
4170:
4169:
4123:Saint Barthélemy
4053:Dependencies and
3926:Sovereign states
3914:
3907:
3900:
3891:
3890:
3862:
3857:
3851:
3846:
3840:
3839:
3827:
3821:
3820:
3808:
3802:
3801:
3789:
3783:
3782:
3780:
3778:
3767:
3761:
3760:
3758:
3756:
3745:
3739:
3738:
3736:
3734:
3723:
3717:
3716:
3704:
3698:
3697:
3695:
3693:
3676:
3670:
3669:
3667:
3665:
3650:
3644:
3643:
3641:
3640:
3625:
3619:
3618:
3616:
3615:
3603:
3597:
3596:
3594:
3593:
3584:. Archived from
3578:
3572:
3571:
3559:
3553:
3552:
3540:
3534:
3533:
3521:
3515:
3514:
3512:
3511:
3495:
3489:
3488:
3486:
3484:
3478:
3470:
3464:
3463:
3461:
3460:
3442:
3436:
3435:
3433:
3432:
3417:
3411:
3410:
3408:
3385:Climate Research
3376:
3370:
3369:
3367:
3365:
3354:
3348:
3347:
3345:
3343:
3332:
3326:
3325:
3323:
3321:
3310:
3304:
3303:
3301:
3299:
3293:
3285:
3279:
3278:
3276:
3275:
3266:
3258:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3248:
3233:
3227:
3226:
3224:
3223:
3212:
3206:
3205:
3203:
3202:
3191:
3185:
3184:
3144:
3138:
3137:
3135:
3134:
3123:
3117:
3116:
3115:
3114:
3093:
3087:
3086:
3085:
3084:
3067:
3061:
3060:
3058:
3056:
3045:
3039:
3038:
3036:
3034:
3023:
3017:
3016:
3014:
3013:
3007:
3001:. Archived from
2996:
2988:
2982:
2981:
2979:
2977:
2966:
2960:
2959:
2957:
2955:
2944:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2933:
2922:
2916:
2915:
2913:
2911:
2900:
2894:
2893:
2891:
2889:
2878:
2872:
2871:
2869:
2867:
2856:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2845:
2834:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2823:
2812:
2806:
2805:
2803:
2801:
2786:
2780:
2779:
2777:
2776:
2765:
2759:
2758:
2752:
2744:
2724:
2718:
2717:
2711:
2703:
2683:
2677:
2676:
2674:
2673:
2659:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2649:
2634:
2628:
2627:
2625:
2624:
2609:
2603:
2602:
2600:
2599:
2589:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2578:
2564:
2558:
2557:
2555:
2553:
2538:
2532:
2531:
2529:
2527:
2516:
2510:
2509:
2498:
2492:
2489:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2479:
2468:
2462:
2461:
2460:
2459:
2446:
2440:
2439:
2438:
2437:
2424:
2418:
2417:
2399:
2393:
2392:
2390:
2389:
2375:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2365:
2359:
2351:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2341:
2329:
2320:
2317:
2311:
2310:
2298:
2292:
2291:
2262:
2256:
2255:
2253:
2252:
2240:
2231:
2230:
2209:
2203:
2202:
2194:
2188:
2187:
2175:
2169:
2168:
2160:
2154:
2148:
2142:
2136:
2130:
2129:
2093:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2083:
2074:. Archived from
2064:
2058:
2057:
2035:
2029:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2013:
2007:
2006:
1990:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1954:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1918:
1912:
1911:
1909:
1908:
1893:
1887:
1886:
1881:. Archived from
1874:
1868:
1867:
1865:
1864:
1853:
1847:
1846:
1844:
1829:
1820:
1814:
1813:
1793:
1787:
1786:
1766:
1760:
1759:
1739:
1733:
1732:
1730:
1729:
1706:
1700:
1699:
1667:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1624:
1618:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1604:. Archived from
1594:
1588:
1587:
1582:
1580:
1569:Associated Press
1564:
1558:
1557:
1555:
1554:
1542:
1533:
1532:
1484:
1478:
1477:
1469:
1418:
1413:
1412:
1411:
1117:, (portions of)
917:During 1993 the
899:Hurricane Andrew
825:Atlanta, Georgia
631:, which won the
595:and high winds.
502:century for the
457:
454:
448:
445:add more content
429:
428:
421:
403:
400:
394:
382:
381:
374:
331:British Columbia
219:pressure systems
40:Arthur Rothstein
5661:
5660:
5656:
5655:
5654:
5652:
5651:
5650:
5631:
5630:
5629:
5624:
5568:
5563:
5533:
5528:
5490:
5476:
5215:
5210:
5180:
5175:
5153:Central America
5139:
5014:
5006:
4997:
4814:
4807:
4804:
4774:
4769:
4750:Santa Ana winds
4700:Snow in Florida
4638:
4521:
4515:
4477:
4463:
4202:
4197:
4167:
4162:
4056:
4054:
4047:
3921:
3918:
3870:
3865:
3858:
3854:
3847:
3843:
3828:
3824:
3809:
3805:
3790:
3786:
3776:
3774:
3769:
3768:
3764:
3754:
3752:
3747:
3746:
3742:
3732:
3730:
3725:
3724:
3720:
3705:
3701:
3691:
3689:
3677:
3673:
3663:
3661:
3651:
3647:
3638:
3636:
3627:
3626:
3622:
3613:
3611:
3604:
3600:
3591:
3589:
3580:
3579:
3575:
3560:
3556:
3549:Washington Post
3541:
3537:
3522:
3518:
3509:
3507:
3496:
3492:
3482:
3480:
3476:
3472:
3471:
3467:
3458:
3456:
3444:
3443:
3439:
3430:
3428:
3419:
3418:
3414:
3406:10.3354/cr00772
3377:
3373:
3363:
3361:
3356:
3355:
3351:
3341:
3339:
3334:
3333:
3329:
3319:
3317:
3312:
3311:
3307:
3297:
3295:
3291:
3287:
3286:
3282:
3273:
3271:
3264:
3260:
3259:
3255:
3246:
3244:
3235:
3234:
3230:
3221:
3219:
3214:
3213:
3209:
3200:
3198:
3193:
3192:
3188:
3145:
3141:
3132:
3130:
3125:
3124:
3120:
3112:
3110:
3095:
3094:
3090:
3082:
3080:
3069:
3068:
3064:
3054:
3052:
3049:Drought of 1989
3047:
3046:
3042:
3032:
3030:
3025:
3024:
3020:
3011:
3009:
3005:
2994:
2990:
2989:
2985:
2975:
2973:
2968:
2967:
2963:
2953:
2951:
2946:
2945:
2941:
2931:
2929:
2924:
2923:
2919:
2909:
2907:
2902:
2901:
2897:
2887:
2885:
2880:
2879:
2875:
2865:
2863:
2858:
2857:
2853:
2843:
2841:
2836:
2835:
2831:
2821:
2819:
2814:
2813:
2809:
2799:
2797:
2787:
2783:
2774:
2772:
2767:
2766:
2762:
2746:
2745:
2741:
2725:
2721:
2705:
2704:
2700:
2684:
2680:
2671:
2669:
2661:
2660:
2656:
2647:
2645:
2635:
2631:
2622:
2620:
2611:
2610:
2606:
2597:
2595:
2591:
2590:
2586:
2576:
2574:
2572:Washington Post
2566:
2565:
2561:
2551:
2549:
2540:
2539:
2535:
2525:
2523:
2518:
2517:
2513:
2500:
2499:
2495:
2490:
2486:
2477:
2475:
2470:
2469:
2465:
2457:
2455:
2448:
2447:
2443:
2435:
2433:
2429:Climatestations
2426:
2425:
2421:
2414:
2400:
2396:
2387:
2385:
2377:
2376:
2372:
2363:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2339:
2337:
2330:
2323:
2318:
2314:
2299:
2295:
2263:
2259:
2250:
2248:
2241:
2234:
2227:
2210:
2206:
2199:"Great Drought"
2195:
2191:
2176:
2172:
2161:
2157:
2149:
2145:
2137:
2133:
2094:
2090:
2081:
2079:
2066:
2065:
2061:
2054:
2036:
2032:
2022:
2020:
2015:
2014:
2010:
1991:
1987:
1977:
1975:
1965:
1961:
1952:
1950:
1940:
1936:
1927:
1925:
1920:
1919:
1915:
1906:
1904:
1895:
1894:
1890:
1875:
1871:
1862:
1860:
1855:
1854:
1850:
1842:
1827:
1821:
1817:
1810:
1794:
1790:
1783:
1767:
1763:
1756:
1740:
1736:
1727:
1725:
1723:
1707:
1703:
1668:
1664:
1625:
1621:
1611:
1609:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1578:
1576:
1565:
1561:
1552:
1550:
1543:
1536:
1485:
1481:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1414:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1326:
1316:
1203:intense drought
1168:
1150:
1050:Middle Atlantic
981:
971:
915:
883:drought of 1988
796:
786:
770:
706:
669:
663:
651:
638:Of Mice and Men
538:
532:
499:
467:
458:
452:
449:
442:
430:
426:
418:
404:
398:
395:
392:
383:
379:
372:
287:rationing water
267:
230:Winters during
202:
180:
156:
150:
121:as part of the
50:and especially
38:, 1936. Photo:
32:Cimarron County
12:
11:
5:
5659:
5649:
5648:
5643:
5626:
5625:
5623:
5618:
5613:
5608:
5603:
5598:
5593:
5588:
5583:
5578:
5573:
5570:
5569:
5562:
5561:
5554:
5547:
5539:
5530:
5529:
5527:
5526:
5521:
5516:
5511:
5506:
5504:American Samoa
5500:
5498:
5492:
5491:
5486:
5484:
5478:
5477:
5475:
5474:
5469:
5464:
5459:
5454:
5449:
5444:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5424:
5422:South Carolina
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5387:North Carolina
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5304:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5234:
5229:
5223:
5221:
5217:
5216:
5209:
5208:
5201:
5194:
5186:
5177:
5176:
5174:
5173:
5166:
5164:
5162:
5160:
5155:
5150:
5144:
5141:
5140:
5138:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5122:
5117:
5115:Sint Eustatius
5112:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5067:
5062:
5057:
5052:
5050:Cayman Islands
5047:
5042:
5037:
5032:
5027:
5021:
5019:
5008:
5007:
5000:
4998:
4996:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4940:
4935:
4930:
4925:
4920:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4890:
4885:
4880:
4875:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4819:
4817:
4809:
4808:
4803:
4802:
4795:
4788:
4780:
4771:
4770:
4768:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4670:High risk days
4667:
4662:
4657:
4655:Climate change
4652:
4646:
4644:
4640:
4639:
4637:
4636:
4634:Tampa Bay area
4631:
4626:
4621:
4619:Salt Lake City
4616:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4525:
4523:
4517:
4516:
4514:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4491:American Samoa
4487:
4485:
4479:
4478:
4473:
4471:
4465:
4464:
4462:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4409:South Carolina
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4374:North Carolina
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4210:
4208:
4204:
4203:
4196:
4195:
4188:
4181:
4173:
4164:
4163:
4161:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4143:Sint Eustatius
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4088:Cayman Islands
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4059:
4057:
4052:
4049:
4048:
4046:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3929:
3927:
3923:
3922:
3917:
3916:
3909:
3902:
3894:
3888:
3887:
3882:
3876:
3869:
3868:External links
3866:
3864:
3863:
3852:
3841:
3822:
3803:
3784:
3773:(Report). KHAK
3762:
3740:
3718:
3699:
3671:
3645:
3620:
3598:
3573:
3554:
3535:
3516:
3490:
3465:
3437:
3412:
3371:
3349:
3327:
3305:
3280:
3253:
3228:
3207:
3197:(Report). NCDC
3186:
3173:10.1002/wcc.81
3139:
3118:
3088:
3062:
3051:(Report). NOAA
3040:
3018:
2983:
2961:
2939:
2917:
2895:
2873:
2851:
2829:
2807:
2781:
2760:
2739:
2719:
2698:
2678:
2654:
2629:
2604:
2584:
2559:
2533:
2511:
2493:
2491:Hurt 1956 Ch 9
2484:
2463:
2441:
2432:, Charles Fisk
2419:
2412:
2394:
2370:
2346:
2321:
2312:
2293:
2274:(6): 821–834.
2257:
2232:
2225:
2204:
2189:
2170:
2155:
2143:
2131:
2110:10.2307/277066
2088:
2059:
2052:
2046:. p. 56.
2030:
2008:
1985:
1959:
1934:
1913:
1888:
1869:
1848:
1815:
1808:
1788:
1781:
1761:
1754:
1745:Cloud Dynamics
1734:
1721:
1701:
1662:
1619:
1589:
1559:
1534:
1479:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1444:Water scarcity
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1420:
1419:
1403:
1400:
1315:
1312:
1275:climate change
1232:climate change
1224:South Carolina
1149:
1146:
1083:and even into
989:Rocky Mountain
970:
967:
914:
911:
858:in June 1991.
856:Mount Pinatubo
785:
782:
769:
766:
705:
702:
662:
659:
650:
647:
633:Pulitzer Prize
623:John Steinbeck
608:Atlantic Ocean
579:of the virgin
534:Main article:
531:
528:
498:
495:
466:
463:
460:
459:
436:appears to be
433:
431:
424:
406:
405:
386:
384:
377:
371:
368:
329:government of
283:climate change
266:
263:
259:space sunshade
239:climate change
179:
176:
149:
146:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5658:
5647:
5644:
5642:
5639:
5638:
5636:
5622:
5621:United States
5619:
5617:
5614:
5612:
5609:
5607:
5604:
5602:
5599:
5597:
5594:
5592:
5589:
5587:
5584:
5582:
5579:
5577:
5574:
5571:
5567:
5560:
5555:
5553:
5548:
5546:
5541:
5540:
5537:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5505:
5502:
5501:
5499:
5497:
5493:
5489:
5485:
5483:
5479:
5473:
5470:
5468:
5465:
5463:
5462:West Virginia
5460:
5458:
5455:
5453:
5450:
5448:
5445:
5443:
5440:
5438:
5435:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5425:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5367:New Hampshire
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5327:Massachusetts
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5265:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5224:
5222:
5218:
5214:
5207:
5202:
5200:
5195:
5193:
5188:
5187:
5184:
5172:
5171:
5170:South America
5167:
5165:
5163:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5148:North America
5146:
5145:
5142:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5065:French Guiana
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5023:
5022:
5020:
5018:
5013:
5009:
5004:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4983:United States
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4939:
4936:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4820:
4818:
4816:
4810:
4801:
4796:
4794:
4789:
4787:
4782:
4781:
4778:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4647:
4645:
4641:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4614:Oklahoma City
4612:
4610:
4609:New York City
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4526:
4524:
4518:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4488:
4486:
4484:
4480:
4476:
4472:
4470:
4466:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4449:West Virginia
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4354:New Hampshire
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4314:Massachusetts
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4211:
4209:
4205:
4201:
4194:
4189:
4187:
4182:
4180:
4175:
4174:
4171:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4060:
4058:
4050:
4044:
4043:United States
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3930:
3928:
3924:
3915:
3910:
3908:
3903:
3901:
3896:
3895:
3892:
3886:
3883:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3871:
3861:
3856:
3850:
3845:
3837:
3833:
3826:
3818:
3814:
3807:
3799:
3795:
3788:
3772:
3766:
3750:
3744:
3728:
3722:
3714:
3710:
3703:
3688:
3687:
3682:
3675:
3664:September 27,
3660:
3656:
3649:
3634:
3630:
3624:
3609:
3602:
3588:on 2015-09-12
3587:
3583:
3577:
3569:
3565:
3558:
3550:
3546:
3539:
3531:
3527:
3520:
3506:on 2012-07-19
3505:
3501:
3494:
3475:
3469:
3455:
3451:
3447:
3441:
3427:on 2009-05-06
3426:
3422:
3416:
3407:
3402:
3398:
3394:
3390:
3386:
3382:
3375:
3359:
3353:
3337:
3331:
3315:
3309:
3290:
3284:
3270:
3263:
3257:
3243:on 2008-09-05
3242:
3238:
3232:
3217:
3211:
3196:
3190:
3182:
3178:
3174:
3170:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3154:
3150:
3143:
3128:
3122:
3108:
3104:
3100:
3099:
3092:
3079:on 2009-03-31
3078:
3074:
3073:
3066:
3050:
3044:
3028:
3022:
3008:on 2010-06-15
3004:
3000:
2993:
2987:
2971:
2965:
2949:
2943:
2927:
2921:
2905:
2899:
2883:
2877:
2861:
2855:
2839:
2833:
2817:
2811:
2796:
2792:
2785:
2770:
2764:
2756:
2750:
2742:
2740:9780788141638
2736:
2732:
2731:
2723:
2715:
2709:
2701:
2695:
2691:
2690:
2682:
2668:
2664:
2658:
2644:
2640:
2633:
2619:on 2011-07-25
2618:
2614:
2608:
2594:
2588:
2573:
2569:
2563:
2547:
2543:
2537:
2521:
2515:
2507:
2503:
2497:
2488:
2473:
2467:
2453:
2452:
2445:
2431:
2430:
2423:
2415:
2413:0-19-509514-6
2409:
2405:
2398:
2384:
2380:
2374:
2356:
2350:
2335:
2328:
2326:
2316:
2308:
2304:
2297:
2289:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2261:
2246:
2239:
2237:
2228:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2208:
2200:
2193:
2185:
2181:
2174:
2166:
2159:
2153:, p. 330
2152:
2147:
2140:
2135:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2092:
2078:on 2021-01-26
2077:
2073:
2069:
2063:
2055:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2034:
2018:
2012:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1989:
1974:
1970:
1963:
1949:
1948:New Scientist
1945:
1938:
1923:
1917:
1903:on 2005-10-28
1902:
1898:
1892:
1884:
1880:
1873:
1858:
1852:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1826:
1819:
1811:
1805:
1801:
1800:
1792:
1784:
1778:
1774:
1773:
1765:
1757:
1751:
1747:
1746:
1738:
1724:
1718:
1714:
1713:
1705:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1666:
1657:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1635:
1630:
1623:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1593:
1586:
1574:
1570:
1563:
1548:
1541:
1539:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1483:
1475:
1468:
1464:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1421:
1417:
1406:
1399:
1396:
1393:and parts of
1392:
1391:West Virginia
1388:
1387:flash drought
1383:
1381:
1376:
1374:
1370:
1365:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1325:
1321:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1287:North America
1284:
1283:high pressure
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1235:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1145:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1132:
1129:and northern
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1038:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1019:
1017:
1012:
1008:
1003:
998:
994:
990:
986:
980:
976:
966:
964:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
934:
932:
931:United States
927:
924:
920:
910:
908:
904:
900:
894:
892:
891:Upper Midwest
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
869:, Southeast,
868:
864:
859:
857:
853:
852:Pacific Ocean
850:event in the
849:
845:
841:
840:United States
837:
833:
828:
826:
822:
817:
815:
810:
806:
801:
795:
791:
781:
779:
775:
774:United States
765:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
701:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
668:
658:
656:
646:
642:
640:
639:
634:
630:
629:
625:later wrote
624:
620:
615:
613:
609:
605:
601:
596:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
565:crop rotation
562:
558:
555:
551:
547:
543:
537:
527:
523:
521:
520:American West
517:
512:
509:
505:
494:
491:
489:
485:
480:
476:
471:
456:
446:
441:
439:
434:This section
432:
423:
422:
419:
412:
402:
390:
385:
376:
375:
367:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
347:
343:
338:
336:
332:
327:
322:
320:
316:
312:
308:
303:
295:
288:
284:
280:
276:
271:
262:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
235:
233:
228:
224:
220:
214:
211:
207:
201:
197:
193:
184:
175:
173:
169:
165:
161:
155:
145:
143:
139:
135:
131:
126:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
95:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
64:high pressure
61:
60:precipitation
57:
53:
49:
41:
37:
33:
28:
20:
16:
5620:
5519:Puerto Rico
5427:South Dakota
5417:Rhode Island
5412:Pennsylvania
5392:North Dakota
5212:
5168:
5120:Sint Maarten
5105:Saint Martin
5012:Dependencies
4982:
4755:Chinook wind
4506:Puerto Rico
4414:South Dakota
4404:Rhode Island
4399:Pennsylvania
4379:North Dakota
4148:Sint Maarten
4128:Saint Martin
4042:
3855:
3844:
3836:The Guardian
3835:
3825:
3816:
3806:
3797:
3787:
3777:December 11,
3775:. Retrieved
3765:
3755:December 11,
3753:. Retrieved
3743:
3733:December 11,
3731:. Retrieved
3721:
3712:
3702:
3692:November 18,
3690:. Retrieved
3686:Boston Globe
3684:
3674:
3662:. Retrieved
3658:
3648:
3637:. Retrieved
3633:the original
3623:
3612:. Retrieved
3601:
3590:. Retrieved
3586:the original
3576:
3567:
3557:
3548:
3538:
3529:
3519:
3508:. Retrieved
3504:the original
3493:
3483:November 10,
3481:. Retrieved
3468:
3457:. Retrieved
3440:
3429:. Retrieved
3425:the original
3415:
3388:
3384:
3374:
3362:. Retrieved
3352:
3340:. Retrieved
3330:
3318:. Retrieved
3308:
3296:. Retrieved
3283:
3272:. Retrieved
3256:
3245:. Retrieved
3241:the original
3231:
3220:. Retrieved
3210:
3199:. Retrieved
3189:
3159:(1): 45–65.
3156:
3152:
3142:
3131:. Retrieved
3121:
3111:, retrieved
3107:the original
3097:
3091:
3081:, retrieved
3077:the original
3071:
3065:
3055:November 10,
3053:. Retrieved
3043:
3031:. Retrieved
3021:
3010:. Retrieved
3003:the original
2986:
2974:. Retrieved
2964:
2952:. Retrieved
2942:
2930:. Retrieved
2920:
2908:. Retrieved
2898:
2886:. Retrieved
2876:
2864:. Retrieved
2854:
2842:. Retrieved
2832:
2820:. Retrieved
2810:
2798:. Retrieved
2794:
2784:
2773:. Retrieved
2763:
2729:
2722:
2688:
2681:
2670:. Retrieved
2657:
2646:. Retrieved
2642:
2632:
2621:. Retrieved
2617:the original
2607:
2596:. Retrieved
2587:
2575:. Retrieved
2571:
2562:
2550:. Retrieved
2545:
2536:
2524:. Retrieved
2514:
2505:
2496:
2487:
2476:. Retrieved
2466:
2456:, retrieved
2450:
2444:
2434:, retrieved
2428:
2422:
2403:
2397:
2386:. Retrieved
2373:
2362:. Retrieved
2349:
2338:. Retrieved
2315:
2307:The Guardian
2306:
2296:
2271:
2267:
2260:
2249:. Retrieved
2216:
2207:
2192:
2184:Deseret News
2183:
2173:
2158:
2146:
2134:
2101:
2097:
2091:
2080:. Retrieved
2076:the original
2071:
2062:
2039:
2033:
2021:. Retrieved
2011:
1998:
1988:
1976:. Retrieved
1962:
1951:. Retrieved
1947:
1937:
1926:. Retrieved
1916:
1905:. Retrieved
1901:the original
1891:
1883:the original
1872:
1861:. Retrieved
1851:
1835:
1831:
1818:
1798:
1791:
1771:
1764:
1744:
1737:
1726:. Retrieved
1711:
1704:
1679:
1675:
1665:
1638:
1632:
1622:
1610:. Retrieved
1606:the original
1592:
1584:
1577:. Retrieved
1562:
1551:. Retrieved
1496:
1492:
1482:
1467:
1454:Desalination
1384:
1377:
1366:
1327:
1309:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1236:
1200:
1169:
1142:
1139:
1125:, southeast
1109:
1070:
1056:Region, the
1039:
1023:Saskatchewan
1020:
982:
954:Pennsylvania
935:
928:
916:
895:
867:Mid-Atlantic
860:
829:
818:
797:
771:
718:Pennsylvania
707:
670:
652:
643:
636:
626:
616:
597:
585:Great Plains
577:Deep plowing
546:agricultural
539:
524:
513:
504:Great Plains
500:
497:19th Century
492:
475:megadroughts
472:
468:
450:
435:
417:
396:
388:
350:
345:
339:
323:
304:
300:
236:
215:
203:
157:
138:Southwestern
127:
109:emphasizing
96:
52:southwestern
45:
15:
5576:Afghanistan
5496:Territories
5342:Mississippi
5257:Connecticut
5090:Puerto Rico
5017:territories
4963:Saint Lucia
4898:El Salvador
4589:New England
4584:Los Angeles
4579:Little Rock
4569:Grand Forks
4564:Door County
4483:Territories
4329:Mississippi
4244:Connecticut
4118:Puerto Rico
4028:Saint Lucia
3978:El Salvador
3364:January 23,
3298:January 22,
2151:Antevs 1955
2139:Antevs 1955
1575:. 9news.com
1476:. phys.org.
1380:Connecticut
1369:Lake Powell
1247:Ohio Valley
1195:Folsom Lake
1135:Quad Cities
1081:Mississippi
1066:New England
1054:Great Lakes
1016:Los Angeles
1002:Quad Cities
963:New England
879:groundwater
730:Connecticut
569:cover crops
542:dust storms
473:There were
311:fresh water
307:grass cover
279:megadrought
5635:Categories
5457:Washington
5377:New Mexico
5372:New Jersey
5247:California
5085:Montserrat
5080:Martinique
5075:Guadeloupe
4873:Costa Rica
4760:June Gloom
4690:Hurricanes
4444:Washington
4364:New Mexico
4359:New Jersey
4234:California
4113:Montserrat
4108:Martinique
4103:Guadeloupe
3958:Costa Rica
3729:. 890 KDXU
3639:2015-08-14
3614:2015-08-14
3592:2015-08-25
3510:2015-08-14
3459:2009-04-18
3431:2009-04-19
3391:: 95–104.
3274:2009-04-17
3267:(Report).
3247:2009-04-17
3222:2009-04-17
3201:2009-04-17
3133:2009-04-18
3113:2009-04-20
3083:2009-04-19
3012:2009-04-19
2997:(Report).
2976:January 6,
2954:January 6,
2932:January 6,
2910:January 6,
2888:January 6,
2866:January 6,
2844:January 6,
2822:January 6,
2775:2009-04-18
2672:2009-04-20
2648:2009-04-13
2623:2009-04-17
2598:2013-06-11
2478:2015-08-14
2458:2009-04-19
2436:2013-06-11
2388:2009-04-05
2364:2015-08-14
2340:2015-08-14
2251:2015-08-14
2082:2018-03-22
2019:. CBC news
1953:2015-08-14
1928:2015-08-14
1907:2015-08-14
1863:2015-08-14
1859:. Finfacts
1838:(2): 1–5.
1728:2009-01-02
1672:Fowler, D.
1553:2015-08-14
1460:References
1330:New Mexico
1207:New Mexico
1101:California
993:Western US
950:New Jersey
923:heat waves
844:California
836:California
814:heat waves
805:dry spells
788:See also:
778:California
758:California
722:New Jersey
693:California
677:New Mexico
665:See also:
612:panhandles
604:East Coast
548:damage to
275:California
210:orographic
206:stratiform
190:See also:
152:See also:
5586:Australia
5581:Argentina
5467:Wisconsin
5432:Tennessee
5337:Minnesota
5312:Louisiana
5158:Caribbean
5070:Greenland
4993:Venezuela
4938:Nicaragua
4908:Guatemala
4828:Argentina
4813:Sovereign
4715:Tornadoes
4624:San Diego
4599:Milwaukee
4534:Anchorage
4529:Allentown
4522:or region
4454:Wisconsin
4419:Tennessee
4324:Minnesota
4299:Louisiana
4098:Greenland
4013:Nicaragua
3988:Guatemala
3181:1757-7780
2800:April 13,
2749:cite book
2708:cite book
2126:162287964
2044:UBC Press
1612:22 August
1529:215789824
1373:Lake Mead
1362:Minnesota
1305:semi-arid
1255:wildfires
1211:Dust Bowl
1176:Southwest
1123:Tennessee
1119:Louisiana
1085:Tennessee
1064:and even
1011:San Diego
800:Corn Belt
750:Minnesota
738:Wisconsin
536:Dust Bowl
488:Dust Bowl
453:July 2012
399:July 2018
337:(NAFTA).
103:Dust Bowl
5452:Virginia
5402:Oklahoma
5382:New York
5357:Nebraska
5347:Missouri
5332:Michigan
5322:Maryland
5307:Kentucky
5287:Illinois
5262:Delaware
5252:Colorado
5242:Arkansas
5025:Anguilla
4973:Suriname
4948:Paraguay
4923:Honduras
4883:Dominica
4868:Colombia
4838:Barbados
4765:Tule fog
4675:Droughts
4554:Columbus
4544:Bismarck
4539:Beaumont
4439:Virginia
4389:Oklahoma
4369:New York
4344:Nebraska
4334:Missouri
4319:Michigan
4309:Maryland
4294:Kentucky
4274:Illinois
4249:Delaware
4239:Colorado
4229:Arkansas
4063:Anguilla
3998:Honduras
3968:Dominica
3943:Barbados
3342:June 11,
3320:June 11,
3294:(Report)
2552:June 22,
2526:July 12,
2215:(2005).
2072:usda.gov
2003:Archived
1973:CBS News
1840:Archived
1521:32299953
1402:See also
1358:Illinois
1354:Missouri
1346:Nebraska
1334:Colorado
1259:Colorado
1201:In 2011
1131:Illinois
1115:Arkansas
1111:Missouri
1089:Kentucky
1027:Manitoba
958:Maryland
946:New York
942:Kentucky
809:Kentucky
754:Missouri
746:Illinois
726:New York
714:Virginia
685:Nebraska
554:Canadian
550:American
465:Pre-1800
170:and the
136:and the
123:New Deal
36:Oklahoma
5611:Nigeria
5606:Myanmar
5472:Wyoming
5447:Vermont
5352:Montana
5292:Indiana
5272:Georgia
5267:Florida
5237:Arizona
5227:Alabama
5055:Curaçao
5040:Bonaire
5035:Bermuda
4988:Uruguay
4928:Jamaica
4903:Grenada
4893:Ecuador
4848:Bolivia
4833:Bahamas
4629:Seattle
4574:Houston
4549:Chicago
4459:Wyoming
4434:Vermont
4339:Montana
4279:Indiana
4259:Georgia
4254:Florida
4224:Arizona
4214:Alabama
4093:Curaçao
4078:Bonaire
4073:Bermuda
4003:Jamaica
3983:Grenada
3938:Bahamas
3879:GIDMaPS
3393:Bibcode
3161:Bibcode
2276:Bibcode
1978:June 2,
1684:Bibcode
1643:Bibcode
1579:June 4,
1501:Bibcode
1493:Science
1338:Wyoming
1271:La Niña
1251:Rockies
1243:Midwest
1228:La Niña
1220:Georgia
1093:Florida
1031:Alberta
985:Midwest
871:Midwest
848:El Niño
821:Alabama
734:Midwest
593:drought
589:grasses
583:of the
581:topsoil
573:erosion
561:drought
557:prairie
389:updated
232:El Niño
192:Drought
148:Metrics
130:La Niña
72:climate
56:drought
48:western
5601:Mexico
5407:Oregon
5362:Nevada
5302:Kansas
5277:Hawaii
5232:Alaska
5220:States
4943:Panama
4933:Mexico
4913:Guyana
4858:Canada
4853:Brazil
4843:Belize
4815:states
4680:Floods
4643:Topics
4559:Dallas
4394:Oregon
4349:Nevada
4289:Kansas
4264:Hawaii
4219:Alaska
4207:States
4018:Panama
4008:Mexico
3953:Canada
3948:Belize
3218:. NOAA
3179:
3033:Apr 6,
2737:
2696:
2577:Jan 1,
2410:
2223:
2124:
2118:277066
2116:
2050:
2023:9 July
1806:
1779:
1752:
1719:
1527:
1519:
1360:, and
1350:Kansas
1348:, and
1267:Ozarks
1216:Dallas
1164:, and
1052:, the
1048:, the
1035:Canada
997:Denver
728:, and
635:, and
479:Pueblo
370:Events
315:Nevada
208:, and
198:, and
178:Causes
86:, and
5616:Syria
5591:China
5437:Texas
5317:Maine
5282:Idaho
5030:Aruba
4918:Haiti
4863:Chile
4594:Miami
4424:Texas
4304:Maine
4269:Idaho
4068:Aruba
3993:Haiti
3477:(PDF)
3452:-TV4
3292:(PDF)
3265:(PDF)
3006:(PDF)
2995:(PDF)
2358:(PDF)
2122:S2CID
2114:JSTOR
1843:(PDF)
1828:(PDF)
1525:S2CID
1314:2020s
1180:Texas
1148:2010s
1077:Texas
1033:, in
969:2000s
913:1990s
784:1980s
768:1970s
716:into
704:1960s
689:Texas
681:Texas
661:1950s
649:1940s
619:Okies
530:1930s
508:bison
223:winds
5596:Mali
5509:Guam
5442:Utah
5397:Ohio
5297:Iowa
5095:Saba
5015:and
4953:Peru
4878:Cuba
4496:Guam
4429:Utah
4384:Ohio
4284:Iowa
4138:Saba
3963:Cuba
3779:2020
3757:2020
3735:2020
3694:2016
3666:2016
3485:2017
3450:WHBF
3366:2010
3344:2013
3322:2013
3300:2010
3177:ISSN
3103:NASA
3057:2017
3035:2015
2978:2022
2956:2022
2934:2022
2912:2022
2890:2022
2868:2022
2846:2022
2824:2022
2802:2009
2755:link
2735:ISBN
2714:link
2694:ISBN
2667:NOAA
2579:2021
2554:2016
2528:2022
2408:ISBN
2221:ISBN
2048:ISBN
2025:2015
1980:2022
1804:ISBN
1777:ISBN
1750:ISBN
1717:ISBN
1614:2014
1581:2022
1517:PMID
1395:Ohio
1342:Iowa
1322:and
1245:and
1230:and
1222:and
1178:and
1170:The
1127:Iowa
1087:and
1029:and
987:and
983:The
977:and
956:and
830:The
792:and
742:Iowa
708:The
679:and
600:dust
552:and
340:The
200:Rain
158:The
113:and
3401:doi
3169:doi
2284:doi
2106:doi
1692:doi
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