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was common for all leading
British portraitists of the early and mid-18th century. They typically relied on one or more drapery painters to add the clothes and other accessories to their portraits. Only Hogarth and Gainsborough seem not to have used these specialist painters. The practice gradually disappeared by the end of the 18th century.
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refers to a specialist painter commissioned to complete the dress, costumes and other accessories worn by the subjects of portrait paintings. They were employed by portrait painters with a large workshop in 18th century
England. While the portraitist completed the face and hands, the drapery painter
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It is believed that the practice arose in
Flemish and Dutch painting practices. Collaborative paintings were a common practice in Antwerp art production. Rubens, for instance, often made collaborative paintings with specialist landscape, still life or animal painters. The use of drapery painters
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placed him on the same level as the portrait painters themselves. As Van Aken and his brother worked for a great many portrait painters Vertue observed that 'its very difficult to know one hand from another' (i.e. it was difficult to distinguish which portrait painter was responsible for a
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which relate to his collaborations with Hudson and Allan Ramsay. Van Aken's contributions helped popularise the Van Dyck costume amongst patrician sitters in the 1730s. The contributions of Van Aken were highly regarded by contemporaries and
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as well as lesser figures also outside of London. The portrait painters would send the unfinished pictures to his London studio or painted the head on a separate piece of canvas so it could be pasted onto the costumed figure.
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A history of the
College of arms, and the lives of all the kings, heralds, and pursuivants. With a preliminary dissertation relative to the different orders in England
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was responsible for the pose and costume. The specialists were not necessarily assistants in the workshop of the portrait painters but rather subcontractors.
79:. He and his brother Alexander also hired out their services as drapery painters. From 1635 he worked for many leading portrait painters such as
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Van Aken's participation in portraits in the 1730s and 1740s is evidenced by a series of drapery studies preserved in the
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from
Antwerp (c.1699–1749). He had settled in London, England around 1720, together with his brothers Arnold and
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was an
English painter who apprenticed with Thomas Hudson. He later became a drapery painter working for
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75:(known as Alexander van Haecken) who were also painters. He first painted genre scenes and
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The best known drapery painter in 18th-century London was the
Flemish painter
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194:, in: Many Antwerp Hands. Collaborations in Netherlandish Art, Brepols, 2021
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Antwerp as a Center of
Artistic Collaboration: A Unique Selling Point?
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amongst others. The fact that Toms was a founding member of the
205:"Peter Toms (active circa 1748-died 1777), Painter and herald"
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in 1768 shows that drapery painters were held in high regard.
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119:. After Cotes' death, he was employed by Sir
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207:. National Portrait Gallery
176:Thomas Hudson (1701–1779),
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101:Scottish National Gallery
281:Visual arts terminology
63:, drapery by Peter Toms
109:particular portrait).
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226:Noble, Mark (1804).
161:in Oxford Reference
77:conversation pieces
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190:Filip Vermeylen,
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61:Joshua Reynolds
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286:English art
48:Key figures
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232:. p.
139:References
113:Peter Toms
73:Alexander
254:18 March
211:18 March
39:History
256:2022
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