237:
47:
199:
estimates the occupational risk factor with the largest attributable burden of disease, i.e. an estimated 745,000 fatalities from ischemic heart disease and stroke events alone in 2016. This evidence has given renewed impetus for maximum limits on working time to protect human life and health.
222:
said, "It is a flagrant abuse of
Community rules. It has been brought forward as such simply to allow majority voting – a ploy to smuggle through part of the Social Chapter by the back door. The UK strongly opposes any attempt to tell people that they can no longer work the hours they want."
396:
Article 7 – annual leave of at least four weeks (i.e., 20 days on a full-time basis). The term "week" is defined by article 5, which refers to "weekly" as meaning a "seven-day period". If an employee's job is terminated, he or she is entitled to payment in lieu of holidays that were not
697:
The SIMAP judgment defined all times when the worker was required to be present on site as actual working hours, for the purposes of work and rest calculations. The Jaeger judgment confirmed that this was the case even if workers could sleep when their services were not required.
684:
505:
754:"Global, regional, and national burdens of ischemic heart disease and stroke attributable to exposure to long working hours for 194 countries, 2000–2016: A systematic analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury"
915:
Judgment of the Court of 12 November 1996. United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland v Council of the European Union. Council Directive 93/104/EC concerning certain aspects of the organization of working time – Action for annulment. Case
212:, this is an instrument which requires member states to enact its provisions in national legislation. The directive applies to all member states. It is possible for a worker to opt out of the 48-hour working week, but not the other requirements.
434:
Article 13 – "an employer who intends to organize work according to a certain pattern takes account of the general principle of adapting work to the worker, with a view, in particular, to alleviating monotonous work and work at a predetermined
960:
182:
It was issued as an update on earlier versions from 22 June 2000 and 23 November 1993. Since excessive working time is cited as a major cause of stress, depression, and illness, the purpose of the directive is to protect people's
342:
Article 17 – derogations allowed under arts 3–6, 8 and 16 for (1) "managing executives or other persons with autonomous decision making powers", family workers and religious leaders (2) ... (5) doctors'
950:
321:
Article 5 – weekly rest of 24 hours uninterrupted, on top of the daily rest in article 3, but derogation is justifiable for technical, organizational, or work reasons.
651:
921:
Judgment of the Court of 3 October 2000. Sindicato de Médicos de
Asistencia Pública (SiMAP) v. Conselleria de Sanidad y Consumo de la Generalidad Valenciana
862:
Directive 2003/88/EC of the
European Parliament and of the Council of 4 November 2003 concerning certain aspects of the organisation of working time
57:
Directive 2003/88/EC of the
European Parliament and of the Council of 4 November 2003 concerning certain aspects of the organisation of working time
836:
636:
296:
Part 16 – maximum reference period is fourteen days for article 5; four months for article 6; and determined by collective agreement for article 8;
995:
565:
938:
752:
Pega, Frank; Nafradi, Balint; Momen, Natalie; Ujita, Yuka; Streicher, Kai; Prüss-Üstün, Annette; Technical
Advisory Group (2021).
113:
84:
803:
1000:
888:
Commission
Opinion — Extension of transitional arrangements for the working time of doctors in training in the United Kingdom
465:
17:
985:
990:
668:
535:
582:
216:
192:
520:
258:
219:
893:
Commission
Opinion — Extension of transitional arrangements for the working time of doctors in training in Hungary
901:
215:
After the 1993 Council
Negotiations, when the 1993 version of the Directive was agreed to after an 11–1 vote, UK
690:
597:
867:
Council
Directive 93/104/EC of 23 November 1993 concerning certain aspects of the organization of working time
722:
490:
69:
892:
887:
612:
685:
Sindicato de Médicos de Asistencia Pública v Conselleria de Sanidad y Consumo de la Generalidad Valenciana
925:
920:
914:
882:
602:
587:
572:
555:
540:
525:
510:
877:
623:
152:
38:
678:
The Working Time Directive has also been clarified and interpreted through a number of rulings in the
679:
254:
249:
188:
898:
Prelex: Adoption procedure file for the Commission's proposal for revision of Working Time Directive
178:
a right to work no more than 48 hours per week, unless the member state enables individual opt-outs.
458:
209:
287:
Part 2 – definitions; night time is between midnight and 5 am and not less than seven hours
955:
550:
1005:
494:
195:
found that exposure to long working hours is common globally at 8.9%, and according to these
980:
481:
318:
Article 4 – a rest period for every six hours, set by legislation or collective agreement.
8:
451:
156:
124:
65:
424:
Article 11 – night workers to be notified to competent authorities "if they so request".
334:
member states must ensure weekly working time is limited by law, or collective agreement
780:
753:
657:
626:
149:
315:
Article 3 – there must be a daily rest of eleven consecutive hours per 24-hour period.
883:
Report from the Commission on the operation of the provisions of Directive 2003/88/EC
785:
712:
184:
840:
775:
765:
642:
965:
926:
Judgment of the Court of 9 September 2003. Landeshauptstadt Kiel v Norbert Jaeger
770:
897:
872:
866:
861:
196:
145:
974:
707:
902:
Legal Observatory: The European Parliament's procedure file for the proposal
305:
Parts 25–26 – review of derogations for fishing boats and passenger carriers
821:
789:
682:. The most notable of these have been the "SIMAP" and "Jaeger" judgments (
443:
236:
302:
Part 24 – reporting to the EU Commission on the implementation of the WTD
717:
428:
337:
average working time should not exceed 48 hours for each 7-day period.
421:
Article 10 – night workers who risk health can be given guarantees.
856:
Documents from the European Council, Commission, and Parliament
299:
Part 23 – the directive cannot be a reason to reduce protection
819:"Britain plans court challenge over limit on working week".
956:
Health & Safety Executive: The Working Time Regulations
951:
Department of Trade and Industry: Working Time Regulations
939:"Impact on health workforce of the working time directive"
349:
Article 19 – limit to derogation for the reference period.
163:
at least 28 days (four weeks) in paid holidays each year;
813:
653:
Apprenticeships, Skills, Children and Learning Act 2009
410:
eight hours night work in any 24-hour period on average
966:
BBC News (2002-04-29): Q&A: Working time directive
878:
National implementing measures of Directive 2003/88/EC
418:
Article 9 – free health assessments for night workers.
961:
Department of Health: European Working Time Directive
751:
290:
Part 14 – more specific EU provisions take precedence
873:Prelex: adoption procedure of Directive 2003/88/EC
346:Article 18 – derogations by collective agreement.
972:
837:Russell v Transocean International Resources Ltd
742:formerly Directive 93/104/EC of 23 November 1993
638:Russell v Transocean International Resources Ltd
169:daily rest of at least 11 hours in any 24 hours;
869:– repealed by Directive 2003/88/EC, as follows
413:eight hours where hazardous or strenuous work.
459:
175:at least 24 hours rest in a 7-day period; and
166:rest breaks of 20 minutes in a 6-hour period;
909:Judgments from the European Court of Justice
473:
466:
452:
779:
769:
352:Article 20 – mobile and offshore workers.
567:Robinson-Steele v RD Retail Services Ltd
361:individual opt out for article 6 where:
355:Article 21 – workers on fishing vessels.
932:Non-governmental organisation documents
278:
14:
973:
447:
293:Part 15 – minimum standards directive
284:Part 1 – purpose as health and safety
996:European Union employment directives
230:
187:. A landmark study conducted by the
159:. It gives EU workers the right to:
24:
802:Department for Work and Pensions.
669:Working time in the United Kingdom
25:
1017:
945:With regard to the United Kingdom
937:European Public Health Alliance:
850:
583:HM Revenue and Customs v Stringer
381:three-week transitional provision
193:International Labour Organization
804:"Opting out of the 48 hour week"
521:Pfeiffer v Deutsches Rotes Kreuz
390:
235:
45:
325:
172:restricts excessive night work;
27:Directive in European Union law
828:
796:
745:
736:
691:Landeshauptstadt Kiel v Jaeger
598:Landeshauptstadt Kiel v Jaeger
431:should have health protection.
13:
1:
723:Working Time Regulations 1998
491:Working Time Regulations 1998
401:
367:no detriment for not agreeing
358:Article 22 – "miscellaneous"
203:
119:C 61, 2003-03-14, p. 123
1001:European Union transport law
771:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106595
613:Barber v RJB Mining (UK) Ltd
90:L 299, 2003-11-18, p. 9
7:
701:
536:Commission v United Kingdom
439:
248:to comply with Knowledge's
226:
10:
1022:
986:1993 in the European Union
624:Employment Rights Act 1996
991:European Union directives
758:Environment International
680:European Court of Justice
665:
649:
633:
621:
609:
594:
579:
562:
547:
532:
517:
502:
488:
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373:authorities kept informed
309:
210:European Union directives
189:World Health Organization
134:
123:
112:
107:
99:
94:
83:
75:
61:
53:
44:
37:
729:
261:may contain suggestions.
246:may need to be rewritten
39:European Union directive
474:Sources on working time
427:Article 12 – night and
370:records kept up to date
551:R v DTI ex parte BECTU
143:Working Time Directive
384:inform EU Commission.
482:Directive 2003/88/EC
279:Aims and definitions
217:Employment Secretary
33:Directive 2003/88/EC
18:Directive 2003/88/EC
157:European labour law
135:Current legislation
66:European Parliament
34:
155:and a key part of
150:European Union law
32:
900:, COM(2004) 607.
713:German labour law
675:
674:
376:information given
364:the worker agrees
276:
275:
250:quality standards
185:health and safety
139:
138:
108:Preparative texts
70:Council of the EU
16:(Redirected from
1013:
844:
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851:External links
849:
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827:
825:. 2 June 1993.
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725:(SI 1998/1833)
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708:UK labour law
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506:SIMAP v CSCGV
501:
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429:shift workers
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391:Paid holidays
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244:This section
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1006:Working time
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835:
834:See further
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822:The Scotsman
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689:
683:
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635:
611:
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581:
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504:
495:SI 1998/1833
326:Working week
264:
255:You can help
245:
214:
207:
181:
142:
140:
29:
981:1993 in law
688:, 2000 and
435:work-rate".
343:provisions.
79:Art. 137(2)
975:Categories
764:: 106595.
718:Labour law
407:Article 8
402:Night work
331:Article 6
220:David Hunt
204:Background
146:2003/88/EC
130:2002-12-17
103:2003-11-04
76:Made under
694:, 2003).
259:talk page
208:Like all
153:Directive
100:Date made
87:reference
916:C-84/94.
790:34011457
702:See also
627:ss 50-70
603:C-151/02
588:C-520/06
573:C-131/04
556:C-173/99
541:C-484/04
526:C-397/01
511:C-303/98
440:Case law
227:Contents
191:and the
841:UKSC 57
781:8204267
643:UKSC 57
616:ICR 679
601:(2003)
586:(2009)
571:(2006)
554:(2001)
539:(2006)
524:(2005)
509:(2000)
127:opinion
116:opinion
95:History
85:Journal
62:Made by
808:GOV.UK
788:
778:
397:taken.
310:Breaks
257:. The
68:&
730:Notes
148:is a
54:Title
786:PMID
667:see
658:c 22
141:The
114:EESC
776:PMC
766:doi
762:154
977::
843:,
806:.
784:.
774:.
760:.
756:.
125:EP
904:.
810:.
792:.
768::
660:)
656:(
497:)
493:(
467:e
460:t
453:v
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265:(
252:.
20:)
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