183:(France in the Enlightenment) is a broad examination of the social and cultural history of the Enlightenment in France. In it, Roche explores the social and cultural changes that took place across the entire scope of French society during the 18th century, as well as the forces that aided such changes. Roche argues that the cultural history of the 18th century as a complex period of progress divided between “those who favored a broadening of cultural opportunities...and those who favored limiting such opportunities.” Also central to the
217:, whose own research into the clandestine, popular, and vulgar literary culture of France during Old Regime contrasts significantly with the conclusions of progress in education, philosophy, and culture at which Roche arrives. Such a criticism overlooks the fact that Roche did indeed devote considerable attention to the "two worlds of Paris" in the Enlightenment – that of the impoverished masses from which many of Darnton's Grub Street came – and that of the wealthy elites.
22:
156:
greater amounts at greater prices and with more emphasis on style than on functionality. More specifically, Roche argues that the reinforcement of social status through appearance so prevalent during the reign of Louis XIV gradually eroded during the 18th century, eventually yielding a culture of clothing that was profoundly consumer-driven and oriented around style rather than social status.
126:(The People of Paris. Essay on Popular Culture in the Eighteenth Century) was published in 1981. It is a study of the everyday lives of the more ordinary people living in Paris during the Enlightenment who, despite living in poor conditions, underwent a degree of improvement over the course of the century in terms of material culture and consumption.
106:. Roche argues that the provincial academies (under the patronage of the French monarchy) both protected and weakened the French state, demonstrating that the relationship between the Ancien Régime and the Enlightenment that took place over the course of the 18th century was complex as opposed to strictly oppositional.
213:
On France in the
Enlightenment, Sutherland says "Daniel Roche has written the history of France in the Enlightenment that intellectuals tried to compel us to write over two hundred and fifty years ago." The progressive tone of the France in the Enlightenment is contradicted by other research, most notably the work of
212:
has been met with a considerable degree of criticism. D. M. G. Sutherland, another revolutionary historian, criticizes the Roche’s overly progressive take on the
Enlightenment that tends to accept the Enlightenment’s own discourse on itself, disregarding anything that preceded it as being backward.
196:
Roche’s work has given rise to a number of criticisms usually originating from historians principally interested in the French
Revolution rather than the French Enlightenment. David Garrioch points out that religious history, visual sources, and any discussion of revolutionary Paris (all three being
187:
is the establishment of certain preconditions for the progressive social transformation that took place during the
Enlightenment, specifically that criticisms of all aspects of human behavior arose, the symbols of monarchy were gradually eroded, and a space formed for political activity in spite of
220:
Furthermore, Roche’s writing has been criticized early in his career for being difficult to translate from the original French and at times jargonistic or frustrating to read for the non-expert in the field. This criticism aside, a number of Roche's later works were successfully translated into
201:
of the 18th century) are all largely absent from Roche’s writings. The history of consumerism in early modern France is also a problematic approach to the broader French
Enlightenment because the materially poor of the cities and the bulk of the rural population lacked the means or incentive to
155:
in Paris during the
Enlightenment. Roche’s main argument is that the culture around clothing in a social context underwent a profound transformation from the reign of Louis XIV to that of Louis XVI. A study of over a thousand post-mortem inventories demonstrates that clothing became purchased in
112:
remains a highly influential work in the historiography of 18th-century intellectual trends. The French
Enlightenment is shown to be complicated where the relationship between state and academy is concerned. The historian Isabel Knight notes that the academic movement that Roche details “both
133:, Roche presents an innovation in terms of source material by making extensive use of inventories (lists of belongings drawn upon a person’s death) to provide an accurate depiction of the state of material culture. The historian David Garrioch, a historian of revolutionary Paris, calls
78:
The social changes that took place over the course of the
Enlightenment in France figured prominently in Roche’s research. The broad scope of Roche’s research into the Enlightenment included diverse areas such as public institutions and clothing worn by the popular classes.
98:(The Enlightenment in the Provinces: Provincial Academies and Academics, 1680–1789) and was quickly met with praise not only as a work of social cultural history, but also for its value as a study of the history of science. In
553:
32:(26 July 1935 – 19 February 2023) was a French social and cultural historian, widely recognized as one of the foremost experts of his generation on the cultural history of France during the later years of the
202:
engage in consumerism. However, such a criticism neglects the fact that Roche did indeed devote considerable attention to the material world of the urban poor in his classic,
1045:
368:(Paris/The Hague:, Mouton) 1978, 2 vol. Second edition (Paris, Maison des Sciences de l'Homme), 1989. Provincial academies and the French Age of Enlightenment outside Paris.
578:
56:
Roche produced over two hundred publications covering a broad variety of subjects within the social and cultural history of France and Europe under the Old Regime.
162:
has been praised for its inherent value as a study of clothing in history, as well as for building upon the innovative use of inventories as sources first seen in
1060:
1030:
1055:
1065:
261:
113:
displayed and mediated the tension between established and emerging classes, between tradition and innovation, and between ideology and criticism.”
137:“an important book not only for the new information and insights if gave, but also for its innovative methodology and the new questions it posed.”
285:
338:
170:
is of immediate significance to the modern day, as it traces the birth of the present-day consumerist and style-oriented culture of clothing.
197:
of important consequence to the history of the
Enlightenment although the focus on the latter tends to teleologically frame 1789 as the
374:(Paris: Aubier) 1981. English translation (London/Berkeley, California University Press) 1987. Second edition (Paris: A. Fayard) 1998.
102:, Roche conducts an in-depth examination of academic institutions outside of Paris from the late 17th century up to the onset of the
463:
1035:
1040:
1025:
1020:
63:
and 18th-century France in general. He has made significant use of hitherto ignored notarial archive sources such as post-mortem
1050:
267:
502:
403:(Paris: A. Fayard) 1989. Second edition, (Points Histoire, Le Seuil) 1991. English translation by Jean Birrell
37:
242:
714:
John Styles, a review of The
Culture of Clothing: Dress and Fashion in the “Ancien Régime” by Daniel Roche,
378:
Journal de ma vie. Édition critique du journal de Jacques-Louis Ménétra, compagnon vitrier au XVIIIe siècle,
985:
236:
526:
348:
323:
317:
427:(Paris: A. Fayard) 1997. English translation (Cambridge UP), 1998. The rise of consumer culture.
968:
490:
1015:
1010:
304:
298:
60:
989:
8:
467:
425:
Histoire des choses banales. Naissance de la Société de consommation, XVIIIe-XIXe siècle,
151:(The Culture of Clothing. Dress and Fashion in the Ancien Régime) details the history of
401:
La culture des apparences. Essai sur l'Histoire du vêtement aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles,
531:
380:(Paris: Montalba) 1982. English translation (New York: Columbia University Press) 1986.
67:, which have yielded insight into the basic material culture of Paris and the rise of
498:
414:
366:
Le Siècle des Lumières en province. Académies et académiciens provinciaux, 1689–1789,
344:
255:
103:
919:
Le Siècle des Lumières en Province. Académies et Académiciens Provinciaux, 1680–1789
833:
Le Siècle des Lumières en Province. Académies et Académiciens Provinciaux, 1680-1789
96:
Le Siècle des Lumières en Province: Académies et Académiciens Provinciaux, 1680–1789
908:
Le Siècle des Lumières en Province: Academies et Academiciens Provinciaux 1680-1789
875:
Le Siècle des Lumières en Province: Academies et Academiciens Provinciaux 1680-1789
655:
Le Siècle des Lumières en Province: Academies et Academiciens Provinciaux 1680-1789
638:
Le Siècle des Lumières en Province: Academies et Academiciens Provinciaux 1680-1789
630:
Le Siècle des Lumières en Province: Academies et Academiciens Provinciaux 1680-1789
739:, translated by Arthur Goldhammer (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1998).
389:
Les Français et l'Ancien Régime. I - La Société et l'État. II - Culture et Société
71:
during the 18th century. Roche has largely defined the study of ‘everyday items’ (
33:
279:
273:
961:
Tackett, Timothy. « Forum: The Work of Daniel Roche, Introduction »,
495:
French Historians 1900-2000: New Historical Writing in Twentieth-Century France
384:
214:
1004:
443:
Humeurs vagabondes, De la circulation des hommes et de l'utilité des voyages,
930:
A History of Everyday Things: The Birth of Consumption in France, 1600-1800
777:
A History of Everyday Things: The Birth of Consumption in France, 1600-1800
705:, translated by Jean Birrell (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994).
395:
Les Républicains des Lettres, gens de culture et Lumières au XVIIIe siècle,
600:
Tackett, Timothy (2004). "Forum: The Work of Daniel Roche, Introduction,"
433:, (Paris: Association pour l'Académie d'art équestre de Versailles) 1998.
68:
64:
59:
Roche’s research had a significant impact on the historical study of the
995:
679:. Essai sur la Culture Populaire au XVIIIe Siècle (Paris: Aubier, 1981).
149:
La Culture des Apparences. Une Histoire du Vêtement, XVII-XVIIIe Siècle
718:, New Ser., 49 no. 2 (May 1996) 408; Jennifer M. Jones, a review of
372:
Le Peuple de Paris: Essai sur la culture populaire au XVIIIe siècle,
21:
124:
Le Peuple de Paris. Essai sur la Culture Populaire au XVIIIe Siècle
602:
French Historical Studies". Vol. 27, no. 4. p. 723.
952:
The Culture of Clothing: Dress and Fashion in the “Ancien Régime”
720:
The Culture of Clothing: Dress and Fashion in the “Ancien Régime”
152:
703:
The Culture of Clothing. Dress and Fashion in the Ancien Régime
405:
The Culture of Clothing. Dress and Fashion in the Ancien Régime
188:
French society’s nature and traditions as a monarchical state.
94:
Roche’s doctoral thesis was published in 1978 under the title
884:
Hunt, Lynn Avery, "Daniel Roche and History's Movable Feast"
329:
975:, Sylvie Mesure and Patrick Savidian (ed.), Paris, PUF, 2006
579:"Mort de Daniel Roche, historien éclairé de l'Ancien Régime"
866:
Garrioch, David. “Daniel Roche and the History of Paris.”
688:
David Garrioch, “Daniel Roche and the History of Paris,”
497:. Philip Whalen. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 513–26.
439:(Paris: Association pour l'Académie d'art équestre) 2001.
852:
Darnton, Robert. « Il Faut Savoir Compter »,
766:
Garrioch, “Daniel Roche and the History of Paris,” 739.
87:
1046:
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
437:
Voitures, chevaux, attelages du XVIe au XIXe siècle,
943:by Daniel Roche. Translated by Arthur Goldhammer.
391:(Paris: A. Colin) 1984, 2 vol. Second édition 1993.
36:. Roche was elected an International member of the
48:Roche died on 19 February 2023, at the age of 87.
636:84 no. 3 (June 1979), 766; Roger Hahn, review of
1002:
863:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1982.
822:(Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1982).
413:(Paris: A. Fayard) 1993 English translation by
286:Academy of Sciences of the Institute of Bologna
1061:Officiers of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres
1031:Academic staff of Pantheon-Sorbonne University
1056:Members of the American Philosophical Society
903:, 3rd Ser., 53 no.1 (January 1996), 188-190.
140:
973:Dictionnaire critique des Sciences Humaines
796:by Daniel Roche, trans. Arthur Goldhammer,
339:Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques
897:The Culture of Clothing: Dress and Fashion
861:The Literary Underground of the Old Regime
820:The Literary Underground of the Old Regime
615:Robert Darnton, “Il Faut Savoir Compter,”
337:2012 : Laurain-Portemer Prize of the
899:in the “Ancien Régime” by Daniel Roche.
431:Les Écuries royales (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles)
328:2001 : History Award of the City of
173:
726:, 3rd Ser., 53 no.1 (January 1996), 188.
20:
1066:Knights of the Ordre national du Mérite
599:
488:
316:1979 : Jean-Reynaud Prize of the
1003:
958:, New Ser., 49 no. 2 (May 1996) 408-9.
482:
322:1990 : Eugène-Colas Prize of the
224:
116:
268:American Academy of Arts and Letters
934:Journal of Anthropological Research
925:94 no. 373 (October 1979), 865-866.
781:Journal of Anthropological Research
291:
13:
248:
110:Le Siècle des Lumières en Province
100:Le Siècle des Lumières en Province
89:Le Siècle des Lumières en Province
14:
1077:
979:
936:59 no. 1 (Spring, 2003), 138-139.
792:D. M. G. Sutherland, a review of
524:
489:Chisick, Harvey (16 March 2010).
51:
892:.4, Fall 2004, pp. 747–751.
856:, 27 no. 4 (Fall 2004), 725-731.
628:See Isabel F. Knight, review of
82:
1036:French male non-fiction writers
939:Sutherland, D.M.G. A review of
895:Jones, Jeniffer M. A review of
846:
839:94 no. 373 (October 1979), 865.
825:
812:
803:
786:
769:
760:
751:
742:
729:
708:
695:
682:
669:
660:
1041:Fellows of the British Academy
1026:21st-century French historians
1021:20th-century French historians
928:Steen, Charlie R. A review of
914:84 no. 3 (June 1979), 766-767.
912:The American Historical Review
901:The William and Mary Quarterly
881:71 no. 2 (June 1980), 301-302.
870:27 no. 4 (Fall 2004), 734-740.
775:Charlie R. Steen, a review of
724:The William and Mary Quarterly
647:
634:The American Historical Review
622:
609:
593:
581:. Libération. 20 February 2023
571:
546:
518:
456:
38:American Philosophical Society
1:
923:The English Historical Review
837:The English Historical Review
783:59 no. 1 (Spring, 2003), 139.
493:. In Philip Daileader (ed.).
449:
284:Foreign correspondent of the
221:English and other languages.
191:
1051:Members of Academia Europaea
947:25 no. 2 (May 2000) 238-241.
906:Knight, Isabel F. Review of
619:, 27 no. 4 (Fall 2004), 729.
278:Corresponding member of the
16:French historian (1935–2023)
7:
956:The Economic History Review
941:France in the Enlightenment
794:France in the Enlightenment
737:France in the Enlightenment
716:The Economic History Review
419:France in the Enlightenment
210:France in the Enlightenment
10:
1082:
996:An informal essay on Roche
950:Styles, John. A review of
692:27 no. 4 (Fall 2004), 736.
644:71 no. 2 (June 1980), 301.
229:
965:27 no.4 (Fall 2004), 723.
963:French Historical Studies
886:French Historical Studies
868:French Historical Studies
854:French Historical Studies
690:French Historical Studies
617:French Historical Studies
397:(Paris, A. Fayard), 1988.
310:
243:Order of Arts and Letters
168:La Culture des Apparences
160:La Culture des Apparences
142:La Culture des Apparences
800:25 no. 2 (May 2000) 239.
445:(Paris: A. Fayard) 2003.
354:
334:2001 : Pégase Prize
237:Ordre National du Mérite
43:
873:Hahn, Roger. Review of
491:"Daniel Roche (1935- )"
411:La France des Lumières,
272:Honorary member of the
266:Honorary member of the
917:Lough, J. A review of
831:J. Lough, a review of
657:(Paris: Mouton, 1978).
527:"Get Out the Knitting"
185:La France des Lumières
181:La France des Lumières
175:La France des Lumières
26:
971:. “Daniel Roche”, in
24:
818:See Robert Darnton,
558:search.amphilsoc.org
554:"APS Member History"
421:(Cambridge UP) 1997.
407:(Cambridge UP) 1994.
305:University of Geneva
299:University of Verona
969:Van Damme, Stéphane
470:on 19 February 2023
954:by Daniel Roche.
932:by Daniel Roche.
921:by Daniel Roche.
877:by Daniel Roche.
859:Darnton, Robert.
677:Le Peuple de Paris
532:The New York Times
349:Académie Française
324:Académie Française
318:Académie Française
225:Honours and awards
204:Le Peuple de Paris
164:Le Peuple de Paris
135:Le Peuple de Paris
131:Le Peuple de Paris
118:Le Peuple de Paris
73:les choses banales
27:
990:Collège de France
910:by Daniel Roche.
835:by Daniel Roche,
779:by Daniel Roche,
722:by Daniel Roche,
640:by Daniel Roche,
632:by Daniel Roche,
415:Arthur Goldhammer
345:Grand prix Gobert
256:Academia Europaea
104:French Revolution
1073:
840:
829:
823:
816:
810:
809:Sutherland p 241
807:
801:
790:
784:
773:
767:
764:
758:
757:Roche 1998 p 420
755:
749:
748:Roche 1998 p 424
746:
740:
733:
727:
712:
706:
699:
693:
686:
680:
673:
667:
664:
658:
651:
645:
626:
620:
613:
607:
604:
597:
591:
590:
588:
586:
575:
569:
568:
566:
564:
550:
544:
543:
541:
539:
525:Doyle, William.
522:
516:
515:
513:
511:
486:
480:
479:
477:
475:
466:. Archived from
460:
292:Honorary degrees
241:Officier of the
199:terminus ad quem
1081:
1080:
1076:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1071:
1070:
1001:
1000:
982:
849:
844:
843:
830:
826:
817:
813:
808:
804:
791:
787:
774:
770:
765:
761:
756:
752:
747:
743:
734:
730:
713:
709:
700:
696:
687:
683:
674:
670:
665:
661:
652:
648:
627:
623:
614:
610:
598:
594:
584:
582:
577:
576:
572:
562:
560:
552:
551:
547:
537:
535:
523:
519:
509:
507:
505:
487:
483:
473:
471:
462:
461:
457:
452:
357:
313:
294:
280:British Academy
274:Academy of Lyon
251:
249:Acknowledgments
232:
227:
194:
178:
145:
121:
92:
85:
54:
46:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1079:
1069:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
999:
998:
993:
981:
980:External links
978:
977:
976:
966:
959:
948:
945:Social History
937:
926:
915:
904:
893:
882:
871:
864:
857:
848:
845:
842:
841:
824:
811:
802:
798:Social History
785:
768:
759:
750:
741:
735:Daniel Roche,
728:
707:
701:Daniel Roche,
694:
681:
675:Daniel Roche,
668:
659:
653:Daniel Roche,
646:
621:
608:
592:
570:
545:
517:
503:
481:
464:"Daniel Roche"
454:
453:
451:
448:
447:
446:
440:
434:
428:
422:
408:
398:
392:
385:Pierre Goubert
381:
375:
369:
362:
361:
356:
353:
352:
351:
341:
335:
332:
326:
320:
312:
309:
308:
307:
301:
293:
290:
289:
288:
282:
276:
270:
264:
262:Pégase Academy
260:Member of the
258:
254:Member of the
250:
247:
246:
245:
239:
235:Knight of the
231:
228:
226:
223:
215:Robert Darnton
193:
190:
177:
172:
144:
139:
120:
115:
91:
86:
84:
81:
53:
52:Historiography
50:
45:
42:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1078:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1008:
1006:
997:
994:
991:
987:
984:
983:
974:
970:
967:
964:
960:
957:
953:
949:
946:
942:
938:
935:
931:
927:
924:
920:
916:
913:
909:
905:
902:
898:
894:
891:
887:
883:
880:
876:
872:
869:
865:
862:
858:
855:
851:
850:
838:
834:
828:
821:
815:
806:
799:
795:
789:
782:
778:
772:
763:
754:
745:
738:
732:
725:
721:
717:
711:
704:
698:
691:
685:
678:
672:
663:
656:
650:
643:
639:
635:
631:
625:
618:
612:
606:
603:
596:
580:
574:
559:
555:
549:
534:
533:
528:
521:
506:
504:9781444323665
500:
496:
492:
485:
469:
465:
459:
455:
444:
441:
438:
435:
432:
429:
426:
423:
420:
416:
412:
409:
406:
402:
399:
396:
393:
390:
386:
382:
379:
376:
373:
370:
367:
364:
363:
359:
358:
350:
346:
342:
340:
336:
333:
331:
327:
325:
321:
319:
315:
314:
306:
302:
300:
296:
295:
287:
283:
281:
277:
275:
271:
269:
265:
263:
259:
257:
253:
252:
244:
240:
238:
234:
233:
222:
218:
216:
211:
207:
205:
200:
189:
186:
182:
176:
171:
169:
166:. Moreover,
165:
161:
157:
154:
150:
143:
138:
136:
132:
127:
125:
119:
114:
111:
107:
105:
101:
97:
90:
83:Notable works
80:
76:
74:
70:
66:
62:
61:Enlightenment
57:
49:
41:
39:
35:
34:Ancien Régime
31:
25:Roche in 2010
23:
19:
986:Daniel Roche
972:
962:
955:
951:
944:
940:
933:
929:
922:
918:
911:
907:
900:
896:
889:
885:
878:
874:
867:
860:
853:
847:Bibliography
836:
832:
827:
819:
814:
805:
797:
793:
788:
780:
776:
771:
762:
753:
744:
736:
731:
723:
719:
715:
710:
702:
697:
689:
684:
676:
671:
666:Knight, 766.
662:
654:
649:
641:
637:
633:
629:
624:
616:
611:
605:
601:
595:
583:. Retrieved
573:
561:. Retrieved
557:
548:
536:. Retrieved
530:
520:
508:. Retrieved
494:
484:
472:. Retrieved
468:the original
458:
442:
436:
430:
424:
418:
410:
404:
400:
394:
388:
377:
371:
365:
343:2016 :
303:2008 :
297:2005 :
219:
209:
208:
203:
198:
195:
184:
180:
179:
174:
167:
163:
159:
158:
148:
146:
141:
134:
130:
128:
123:
122:
117:
109:
108:
99:
95:
93:
88:
77:
72:
58:
55:
47:
30:Daniel Roche
29:
28:
18:
1016:2023 deaths
1011:1935 births
585:20 February
474:20 February
69:consumerism
65:inventories
1005:Categories
992:'s website
450:References
192:Criticisms
360:In French
40:in 2009.
563:23 April
206:(1981).
147:Roche’s
988:on the
538:3 March
510:3 March
347:of the
230:Honours
153:clothes
501:
383:(with
311:Awards
355:Works
330:Paris
44:Death
879:Isis
642:Isis
587:2023
565:2021
540:2015
512:2015
499:ISBN
476:2023
129:In
75:).
1007::
556:.
529:.
417:,
387:)
890:2
888:'
589:.
567:.
542:.
514:.
478:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.