676:
658:
364:
349:
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28:
839:—Mateiu's 1929 novel. This contradicts other accounts, according to which "Poponel" is based on another Romanian aristocrat, who was still alive in 1936. As noted by historian Matei Cazacu, the younger Caragiale had probably never met Claymoor, but was perhaps acquainted with his sisters. Cazacu identifies Alexandrina and Ecaterina Văcărescu as Mima and Tita Arnoteanu, who are prominently featured, and mocked, in his
583:. Yet, as Bacalbașa notes, Claymoor's writings made him "a tiny celebrity": "for 24 years Bucharest has had its Claymoor epoch." According to the same source, Claymoor could describe "wonderfully and competently the ladies' full attire at the various soirées that he attended. Some claimed that was being paid by luxury seamstresses, but this was never proven true." Reportedly, subscribing to
639:
1897, Claymoor prophesied that "cinema will reestablish truth and the sincerity of our lives will be transmitted over the ages, beyond ourselves. To us it is entertainment. To future generations, it will be a priceless document". As argued by one anonymous witness, Claymoor was personally involved in film promotion, making excuses for the technical difficulties and delays. His
675:
279:. Despite her generous dowry, the family faced bankruptcy and, during Mihail's infancy, had to go into real estate as landlords. She had eight other children with Iancu, six of whom survived into adulthood: Eufrosina m. Greceanu (1837–1870), a homemaker and courtesan; Ioan (1839–1914), a career soldier and father of writer
754:
By the 1920s, Bacalbașa claims, "nobody so much as remember this arbiter of female elegance". Crutzescu also noted in passing that
Claymoor's writing style was antiquated, "so very obnoxious". His "yellowing notebooks", Crutzescu writes, revealed a world "of bearded and mustachioed gents and ladies
638:
Claymoor earned more respect as a pioneer cinema critic: in 1896–1897, he was among the first to chronicle the earliest
Romanian film shows and, as film historian Dinu-Ioan Nicola argues, had "surprising critical intuitions." Having been present at a screening of Paul Menu's "Romanian vistas" in May
326:
had it that he was "famous throughout
Bucharest for his scandalous life". Zamfirescu portrays him as "an unbelievable type, who wore bracelets like a woman, pink nail polish, a tuft of hair which supposedly hid his bald spot, and who was rumored to be of the ticklish kind." Writer-diplomat Gheorghe
587:
and "only reading
Claymoor's notebook therein" was a central preoccupation for girls just out of boarding school. According to Crutzescu: "not being cited by Claymoor was a catastrophe, an insult that equated social death. Which is why Claymoor's home was always full of diverse gifts, from ladies
495:
recalls him as "perfectly collegial", "a very decent man". However, he also cautions that
Claymoor "was a journalist, but by no means was he one of the journalistic world; he lived inside the boyar society that had spawned and raised him". More controversially, from 1888, when he became a Romanian
884:
made a short note on
Claymoor's life, as part of his "Bucharest Engravings" column. The piece mentioned a "tiny, stupefying mythology" that had surrounded Claymoor, and repeated rumors about his writing having been secretly sponsored by couturiers. The communist decades had intensified taboos
283:; Maria m. Fălcoianu (1841–1912); Ecaterina m. Lahovary (1846–1917); Alexandrina m. Darvary (1851–1899); Constantin (1850–1899). Claymoor's cousins also included Theodor C. Văcărescu, the diplomat and historian. The clan had acquired a bad reputation in social circles. Novelist and diplomat
539:
as adhering to "Western journalistic norms", and notes
Claymoor's role in pioneering locally the genre of "fashion reports": "the crafty Mihail Văcărescu-Claymoor chronicled all the political and diplomatic receptions, all artistic reunions and balls, concerts, fêtes and weddings involving
295:(masquerade): Alexandrina was "the only bright one" among Iancu's children, but, like them, was cradled into "vice and filth". Argetoianu thus notes that her Darvary home doubled as a gambling den, where cheating aristocrats and their accusers would engage in fistfights.
893:: "how could one propose to publish a book on, say, the forms of insanity in Romanian literature, when, if one was to write about Mișu Văcărescu, he found mentions of 'pederasty' cut out of the text, and was then forced to engage in the usual euphemistic exercises!"
631:. When, in 1887, it was announced that Claymoor would be staff critic for a French troupe touring Bucharest, Rosetti-Max remarked: "This leads me to suspect that the troupe doesn't even have costumes yet, and that Claymoor is there to assess whether the artistes'
810:
Claymoor's "pirouettes-and-colored-ribbons" prose. Caragiale's sketch "High-life", first published on
Christmas Eve 1899, is entirely dedicated to Claymoor, who appears as "Edgar Bostandaki" or "Turturel" ("Turtledove"), chronicler for the fictional
548:
would have been "more or less justified in a city like Paris", but asked: "what point could it serve in
Romania?" In the absence of an aristocratic culture, Claymoor only "fed the vanities" of a commercial "plutocracy". Similarly, Bulei sees the
777:. Claymoor also endured as the hero of "so many anecdotes" relating to his lifestyle and his alleged vanities. By the end of his life, he was completely bald, but was hiding it. One such story claims that his wig came off while bathing on the
339:. Around 1890, he was involved in a legal conflict with a Major Baldovici, and rumor spread in the rival press that he had tried to seduce him and other army subordinates. However, Bacalbașa disputes such "mean-spirited" rumors as "fables".
759:
that, when stirred, will rustle the way dead leaves do." Nevertheless, according to
Ranetti, his "aping of the Paris press" created a school of party chroniclers, or "Claymoorlings". These journalists, Ranetti noted, were even active at
161:. He was widely respected for his verdicts on fashion, and, as an arbiter of taste, contributed to his paper's renown; however, people of his day also ridiculed him for his florid literary style, his political involvement with the
879:
journal referred to Claymoor himself as a "cosmopolitan critic" of Caragiale, and also as a "house servant" of the upper classes. During the later stages of communism, there were also more lenient verdicts: in 1970, writer
308:. Orphaned at age 20, when his father died "of a cold", he and his siblings split his fortune between them and Iancu's creditors. His first calling was the army, and he reached a Captain's rank in the cavalry corps of the
1331:
916:
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newspaper described Claymoor as "a sad figure in journalism". It deplored the Frenchified culture which had produced Claymoor, but also noted that his metaphorical style was being laughed at by the Belgian paper
822:
There are other supposed echoes of Claymoor in Romanian prose. One had roots in the conflicts opposing members of the Caragiale family: while Ion Luca resented and mocked Claymoor, his estranged eldest son,
2251:
203:
Văcărescu's exact birth date remains unknown. However, he died at the age of 60 or 61, meaning that he was born in 1842 or 1843. It also certain that he was of aristocratic upbringing, from the
800:'s ignorant wife, and gives him a brief role in one of his sketches (where Claymoore's homosexuality is again hinted at). Claymoor is more famous as the target of satires by Caragiale, in his
178:, ended with his sudden death. By that time, he had also left a mark as one of Romania's first film critics. Although his almanac was still published, he himself was largely forgotten in the
1971:
532:
announced that he intended to marry Claymoor's niece Elena. This highly unpopular move resulted in a "violent campaign curses, vulgarities and lies" directed at the Văcărescu family.
720:
s success (it became the second-most popular newspaper by 1897), Claymoor made a return trip to Paris in 1899. He died in Bucharest on June 12, 1903, after falling down in front of
2276:
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and he went chasing for it in the water. Other accounts contrarily suggest that he had managed to keep his baldness secret to his death, when his wig finally had to be removed.
417:
157:
242:
princes who succeeded Brâncoveanu: Ienăchiță and his brothers were most likely poisoned, while Alecu was imprisoned under false charges. Iancu was also a dissident during the
1799:
657:
873:, with Claymoor as one of the secondary characters, set out to "destroy" Caragiale; in the 1953 production, he was played by Mihai Berechet. Upon reviewing this staging,
843:. Caragiale Jr was also publicly friends with a gay man, Count Ferdinand de Montesquiou-Fézensac. A distant relative of Claymoor's, the Count had died nine years before
471:. In his own words, this was a "rather burlesque incident", sparked by Ciurcu's attempt to remove from the fashion column "all those parties he was never invited to."
1388:
1211:
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who wished not to be forgotten, or overlooked." Văcărescu's recommendations were such "that all fashionable society would adopt both the seamstress and the attire."
2097:
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1617:
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notes that, by 1890, the Văcărescus were "not an attractive spectacle", especially with their "collateral female relatives." As reported by the boyar memoirist
2076:
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From the beginning of his career in journalism, Claymoor's style irritated more senior writers, prompting them to caricature him in their fiction. In 1883,
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Bucureștii Vechiului Regat. Cu numeroase reproduceri fotografice documentare și două planșe cu peste 200 de portrete caricaturale ale oamenilor timpului
1909:
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chronicle. Although he is sometimes assumed to have died there, on the spot, he actually did so at his sister's home. The ultimate cause of death was a
1939:
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as a lasting milestone in Romanian theater. Repeatedly included in retrospectives as one of Caragiale's detractors, he also criticized Caragiale and
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611:, and also acknowledged that they were both loved by theatergoers; his critique was itself judged negatively by later critics, who see
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425:'s Romanian tour, giving it an enthusiastic appraisal. He also skirted controversy by defending Bernhardt's method of using
384:
2256:
2236:
2211:
27:
348:
2216:
1718:
155:, he began writing in his late twenties or early thirties, reaching his fame as a contributor to the Francophone daily
182:
by the end of World War I. Traces of his memory are preserved in disguised portrayals and parodies by writers such as
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relish." He suggests that some of the chronicles—for instance one describing Zoe Sturdza, wife of the politician
238:, and had been executed alongside him. Other ancestors of the journalist had been in constant conflict with the
2246:
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had sketched out a comedy of mores, which, if finalized, was to feature a leading character based on Claymoor.
591:
At times, Claymoor's contributions doubled as theater criticism, such as when, in November 1884, he chronicled
858:
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referred to Claymoor (as "Michel Ipsilanti-Seymour"), and to the Bostandaki–typo sketch, in his own novel,
946:
Dicționar de pseudonime, anonime, anagrame, astronime, criptonime ale scriitorilor și publiciștilor români
819:", and he has to deal with her husband's wrath (readers were left unsure as to what the hinted typo was).
2281:
702:
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1877:
302:
in Paris, Mihail Văcărescu always endured as a "great friend of France", according to his colleagues at
2231:
2191:
778:
568:
601:. His rejection of Caragiale was not total, as with other reviewers of the day—he was convinced that
421:
in 1879 or 1880, taking over for the Frenchman Ulysse de Marsillac. During November 1881, he covered
1138:
327:
Crutzescu also notes that Claymoor "did not quite like women", although he was particularly fond of
231:
2261:
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Claymoor's likeness is preserved in the work of various cartoonists, including his Capșa colleague
409:
daily (1873–1876), where he used the pen name Velréas. He later had a stint at the left-wing paper
2241:
415:(1877–1879), where he began using his consecrated pen name. As Claymoor, he began his activity at
540:
Bucharest's elite families." The concept was criticized by anti-elitists. In 1912, the left-wing
211:; unlike them, he had inherited little wealth. He was the son of the more famous Wallachian poet
593:
529:
2176:
2081:
2003:
1918:
989:
835:
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for adapting and staging an anti-war play in 1888. However, he applauded their production of
443:, allowed open-air night parties to become fashionable. Claymoor's regular chronicle was the
354:
309:
288:
204:
2181:
564:
459:("Worldly Lantern") in 1884. That year, in February, Claymoor had a row with the editor of
280:
264:, after a years-long scandal. She was also a poet, although her work remained unpublished.
244:
235:
216:
212:
152:
148:
1931:
1840:
1771:
1555:
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Lucreția Angheluță, Salomeea Rotaru, Liana Miclescu, Marilena Apostolescu, Marina Vazaca,
833:). Author Radu Cernătescu believes that Claymoor is the character "Poponel", appearing in
8:
1646:
854:, Montesquiou-Fézensac is turned into a Bostandaki-like caricature in Caragiale's novel.
815:. A licentious typo subverts his description of a high-society dame as an "indefatigable
520:
noted, tongue-in-cheek: "High-society ladies are in favor of appointment, and so is the
436:
These early chronicles coincided with the introduction of electric lighting, which, from
1989:
1238:
980:
827:, grew up avidly reading his almanac (a fact mentioned in his autobiographical novella,
509:
322:
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daily press. According to several accounts, he was by then openly gay, or, as historian
257:
598:
488:
455:("Life in Bucharest 1882–1883"), published with Theil & Weiss company, followed by
369:
268:
249:
183:
179:
101:
61:
1818:
793:
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1943:
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for increased exposure in the press. Simultaneously, as Babylas, he was writing for
299:
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336:
261:
105:
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Another cross-dressing drawing by Jiquidi (1893). Pictured with rival journalists
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regime. Arrested for various intervals, he had his land confiscated by Prince
2170:
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Mihail's mother Ecaterina (1819–1891), also a boyaress, descended from the
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Amintirile colonelului Lăcusteanu. Text integral, editat după manuscris
559:
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regarding Claymoor's sexuality, with mentions of him monitored by the
479:
Claymoor soon became one of the regulars at the journalists' hangout,
411:
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276:
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Such tropes also appeared at a later stage in literature, during the
785:
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57:
1626:
Studii și Cercetări de Istoria Artei. Teatru, Muzică, Cinematografie
643:, "I believe, has reached the peak of its glory during these days."
2044:
807:
272:
1972:"Crai și zurgagii – scandalurile mondene de odinioară (partea II)"
1085:
1057:
816:
144:
83:
1007:
Ferrari, "Le Monde & La Ville. Renseignements mondains", in
627:. His competence in the field was doubted early on by columnist
405:
Văcărescu's first experience with Francophone journalism was at
2252:
People from the United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia
2019:, "Învățăturile dandy-ului Mateiu către fantele Boicescu", in
504:. Reports of that have it that he was also considered for the
426:
1762:, p. 49. Craiova: Editura Tipografiei D. I. Benvenisti, 1891
1377:, p. 366. Paris: Imprimerie Typographique J. Kugelmann, 1890
1375:
Exposition universelle 1889. La Roumanie avant-pendant-après
500:, Claymoor was depicted as a political client of the ruling
2115:
ai lui Mateiu I. Caragiale. Între fantezie și istorie", in
1113:
Popescu-Cadem, pp. 25–27, 29–31. See also Cazacu, pp. 12–14
1054:
Rumânii fericiți. Vot și putere de la 1831 până în prezent
1730:"Ocasiune! Obiectele defunctului Văcărescu Claymoor", in
913:
Bibliografia românească modernă (1831–1918). Vol. IV: R–Z
147:
fashion journalist and gossip columnist, the son of poet
1404:
Dolman, "Scrisori din Dobrogea (Corespondența partic. a
869:. Also then, Mircea Ștefănescu wrote a play about actor
135:; 1842 or 1843 – June 12, 1903), most commonly known as
1893:
M. N. Rusu, "Automobilul lui Matheiu I. Caragiale", in
1503:
Vistian Goia, "Centenarul comediei românești. Premiera
1853:
Istoria literaturii române. III: Epoca marilor clasici
1784:
Istoria literaturii române. III: Epoca marilor clasici
528:." Further embrassement came in the early 1890s, when
207:, and directly related to other prominent families of
172:
Claymoor's period of prominence, at the height of the
889:. This was noted in January 1990 by literary critic
746:
continued to be published over the following years.
2277:
Conservative Party (Romania, 1880–1918) politicians
2156:. Bucharest: Mihail Sadoveanu City Library, 2007.
2057:Nicolae Sireteanu, Eugen Luca, "Cronica dramatică.
806:series—one of his favorite techniques here was to
796:also refers to Claymoor as the favorite writer of
574:Early reviewers were similarly inclined. In 1890,
1558:, "Caragiale director al Teatrului Național", in
1479:Amint., "Zeflemelele. 'Fetele noastre'. III", in
605:was vastly inferior to Caragiale's earlier work,
320:writes, "a notorious pederast"; an 1891 piece in
2168:
275:offshoot, and claimed ownership of an estate in
1286:Ferrari, "Le Monde & La Ville. Deuil", in
724:office, just as he was bringing in his latest
2142:. Bucharest: Biblioteca Bucureștilor, 2011.
1821:, "Moș Teacă și Mealy. La teatrul liric", in
1166:
1164:
1162:
1999:"Precizări la biografia lui Matila C. Ghyka"
1754:Costescu, p. 378 and Plate II, pp. 328–329;
1364:Costescu, p. 378. See also Crutzescu, p. 119
742:were auctioned off by January 1904, but the
260:, went on to marry the winner of that race,
256:, winning just 21 votes from 179. His aunt,
1897:, Vol. XVIII, Issue 10, October 1983, p. 10
1682:
1680:
1678:
1664:"Duelul Emanoil Lahovary–Nicolae Filipescu"
1582:, September 19, 1887 (second edition), p. 2
1511:, Vol. XXXV, Issue 11, November 1984, p. 24
1392:, December 20, 1888 (January 1, 1889), p. 1
1223:
1221:
483:, frequenting a society that also included
1519:
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1119:
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971:
969:
967:
965:
524:, especially now that we are celebrating
1869:
1867:
1865:
1526:, "Este nouă noua ediție Caragiale?", in
1466:A. C. Șor., "Din viéța de Bucureșcĭ", in
1282:
1280:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1264:
1262:
1260:
940:
938:
936:
934:
932:
907:
905:
312:, later retiring to take up work for the
1675:
1354:Telegraphul", February 16, 1884, pp. 1–2
1310:"Afacerea Balassan–Sarah Bernhardt", in
1218:
1205:
1203:
1003:
1001:
999:
252:. After Ghica's downfall, he ran in the
1514:
1439:
1427:, April 17, 1888 (second edition), p. 2
1395:
1245:
1116:
962:
198:
2169:
2140:Podul Mogoșoaiei. Povestea unei străzi
1862:
1277:
1257:
1173:, "Eșecul unui episod 'romantic'", in
929:
902:
1774:, "Ion Ghica", in Șerban Cioculescu,
1689:, "Stampe bucureștene: Claymoor", in
1628:, Issues 5–6 (49–50), 2011–2012, p. 7
1604:, Vol. XXVI, N° 54, April 1997, p. 44
1596:"Sur les traces du film roumain muet"
1200:
996:
474:
1451:, "Vorba lui Vlahuță: 'Râiea'!", in
1332:Editura științifică și enciclopedică
1312:Curierul. Foaea Intereselor Generale
917:Editura științifică și enciclopedică
291:, all surviving Văcărescus formed a
2040:"Un veac de singurătate boierească"
1790:, 1973; Ion Roman, "Ion Ghica", in
766:, a nominally working-class paper.
516:cabinet. A local correspondent for
151:. A retired cavalry officer in the
13:
1719:Nicolae Iorga Institute of History
1542:, "Unde îi sunt detractorii?", in
689:, vying for the public's attention
14:
2293:
1878:"O îngrozitoare greșală de tipar"
535:Writer George Costescu describes
32:Claymoor in a pre-1900 photograph
694:
674:
656:
648:Satirical depictions of Claymoor
383:
362:
347:
26:
2128:. Bucharest: Universul, 1944.
2121:, October 2019, pp. 10–14.
2070:
2051:
2026:
2023:, Issue 10/2009, pp. 49, 51, 54
2010:
1981:
1961:
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1031:Popescu-Cadem, pp. 10–11, 15–20
861:(1948–1989). During the 1950s,
713:Having contributed directly to
571:—were unintentionally amusing.
467:, and briefly left to work for
1070:
1043:
1034:
1025:
1016:
1:
2272:Romanian Land Forces officers
2091:
790:Dimitrie C. Ollănescu-Ascanio
451:. His first almanac had been
437:
373:
2222:Romanian publishers (people)
1601:Journal of Film Preservation
1470:, Issue 15/1890, pp. 218–219
1215:, January 5 (17), 1891, p. 2
193:
7:
2079:, "Adevărul din umbră", in
1236:"Politika és szerelem", in
850:s publication. As noted by
635:pass midnight inspection".
625:Tochter des Herrn Fabricius
453:La Vie à Bucarest 1882–1883
41:Mișu (Mihail Ion) Văcărescu
10:
2298:
2257:Romanian LGBTQ journalists
2237:Romanian writers in French
2212:Romanian magazine founders
2061:de Mircea Ștefănescu", in
1993:, December 4, 1920, p. 1;
1884:, Issue 298, November 2010
1786:, pp. 438–439. Bucharest:
1561:Revista Fundațiilor Regale
1485:, September 22, 1895, p. 1
1412:, August 10, 1888, pp. 2–3
1328:Din Bucureștii de altădată
597:, by the Romanian classic
215:, and as such grandson of
2217:Romanian magazine editors
1800:Editura pentru literatură
1721:, 1972; Crutzescu, p. 259
1576:, "Teatrul romanesc", in
1386:"O rușine națională", in
1076:Radu Crutzescu, notes to
1040:Popescu-Cadem, pp. 21, 23
749:
732:. Claymoor was buried at
666:, as pictured in 1898 by
447:, which later spawned an
97:
89:
75:
67:
47:
37:
25:
18:
2202:Romanian theatre critics
2067:, Issue 42/1953, pp. 2–3
1839:, "I. L. Caragiale", in
1827:, October 18, 1893, p. 3
1798:, pp. 72–73. Bucharest:
1692:Informația Bucureștiului
1197:Popescu-Cadem, pp. 27–29
1104:Popescu-Cadem, pp. 21–25
896:
859:period of communist rule
258:Marițica Văcărescu-Ghica
223:. His great-grandfather
71:journalist, army officer
2227:Romanian art collectors
2104:, Vol. III. Bucharest:
2102:Bucureștii de altă dată
1997:Mihai Sorin Rădulescu,
1736:, January 9, 1904, p. 3
1713:Gheorghe G. Bezviconi,
1544:Biblioteca Bucureștilor
1139:"În epoca lui Claymoor"
722:L'Indépendence Roumaine
715:L'Indépendence Roumaine
585:L'Indépendence Roumaine
537:L'Indépendence Roumaine
461:L'Indépendence Roumaine
418:L'Indépendence Roumaine
254:first princely election
158:L'Indépendence Roumaine
1564:, Issue 9/1939, p. 650
1530:, Issue 10/1959, p. 20
1507:și cronicarii ei", in
1314:, Issue 132/1881, p. 3
1179:, November 1973, p. 14
1084:, pp. 258, 260. Iași:
703:Nicolae Petrescu Găină
530:Crown Prince Ferdinand
232:Constantin Brâncoveanu
213:Iancu (Ioan) Văcărescu
2267:Lycée Henri-IV alumni
2207:Romanian film critics
2113:Craii de Curtea-Veche
1938:, p. 351. Bucharest:
1855:, p. 343. Bucharest:
1717:, p. 277. Bucharest:
1695:, June 20, 1970, p. 2
1642:"Bunica cinefilă (I)"
1457:, Issue 36/1912, p. 2
1330:, p. 244. Bucharest:
1292:, June 28, 1903, p. 2
1242:, July 25, 1891, p. 9
1013:, July 26, 1899, p. 2
948:, p. 768. Bucharest:
915:, p. 722. Bucharest:
836:Craii de Curtea-Veche
744:Almanach du High-Life
449:Almanach du High-Life
310:United Principalities
289:Constantin Argetoianu
2138:Gheorghe Crutzescu,
2098:Constantin Bacalbașa
2085:, Issue 4/1990, p. 5
1704:Popescu-Cadem, p. 27
1546:, Issue 7/2002, p. 5
1227:Bacalbașa, pp. 60–61
1022:Popescu-Cadem, p. 10
985:"O adresă high-life"
887:censorship apparatus
813:Voice of the Aurochs
629:Dimitrie Rosetti-Max
594:O scrisoare pierdută
493:Constantin Bacalbașa
457:La Lanterne Mondaine
431:La Roumanie Ilustrée
245:Regulamentul Organic
236:Pruth River Campaign
199:Early life and debut
153:Romanian Land Forces
126:Mihail Ion Văcărescu
2197:Romanian columnists
2187:Fashion journalists
2154:Document în replică
1715:Necropola Capitalei
1647:Convorbiri Literare
1421:"Informațiuni", in
1352:"Informațiuni", in
1056:, pp. 52–54. Iași:
546:Carnet du High-life
469:Gazette de Roumanie
445:Carnet du High-life
372:arms, variant used
221:Ienăchiță Văcărescu
219:and grandnephew of
2282:Deaths from ulcers
2152:C. Popescu-Cadem,
2017:Angelo Mitchievici
1970:Corneliu Șenchea,
1594:Dinu-Ioan Nicola,
1505:Scrisorii pierdute
1147:, October 18, 2002
1078:Grigore Lăcusteanu
852:Angelo Mitchievici
830:Sub pecetea tainei
771:Constantin Jiquidi
683:Alexandru Beldiman
668:Constantin Jiquidi
599:Ion Luca Caragiale
502:Conservative Party
475:Arbiter of fashion
370:Cantacuzino family
269:Cantacuzino family
250:Alexandru II Ghica
184:Ion Luca Caragiale
180:Kingdom of Romania
163:Conservative Party
102:fashion journalism
62:Kingdom of Romania
2232:Almanac compilers
2192:Gossip columnists
2162:978-973-8369-21-4
2148:978-606-8337-19-7
2124:George Costescu,
2077:Dan C. Mihăilescu
1932:Șerban Cioculescu
1914:"Cum grano salis"
1857:Editura Academiei
1841:Șerban Cioculescu
1837:Silvian Iosifescu
1788:Editura Academiei
1772:Șerban Cioculescu
1756:Traian Demetrescu
1745:Crutzescu, p. 151
1662:Emanuel Bădescu,
1556:Șerban Cioculescu
1540:Dan C. Mihăilescu
1494:Crutzescu, p. 119
1449:Kiriak Napadarjan
1373:Georges Bibesco,
1301:Crutzescu, p. 135
1254:Crutzescu, p. 118
1188:Cazacu, pp. 13–14
1171:Duiliu Zamfirescu
1094:978-973-46-4083-6
1066:978-973-46-2201-6
891:Dan C. Mihăilescu
803:Momente și schițe
779:Romanian littoral
522:Muslim population
485:Nicolae Filipescu
285:Duiliu Zamfirescu
225:Ianache Văcărescu
209:Wallachian boyars
119:
118:
110:theater criticism
55:(aged 60–61)
2289:
2247:Văcărescu family
2086:
2082:România Literară
2074:
2068:
2055:
2049:
2034:
2030:
2024:
2014:
2008:
2004:România Literară
1996:
1990:Action Française
1985:
1979:
1969:
1965:
1959:
1956:
1950:
1940:Editura Eminescu
1929:
1923:
1919:România Literară
1908:
1904:
1898:
1891:
1885:
1875:
1871:
1860:
1834:
1828:
1816:
1810:
1769:
1763:
1760:Profile literare
1752:
1746:
1743:
1737:
1728:
1722:
1711:
1705:
1702:
1696:
1684:
1673:
1669:Ziarul Financiar
1661:
1657:
1651:
1639:
1635:
1629:
1618:"Cinematograful
1616:Manuela Cernat,
1615:
1611:
1605:
1593:
1589:
1583:
1571:
1565:
1553:
1547:
1537:
1531:
1521:
1512:
1501:
1495:
1492:
1486:
1477:
1471:
1468:Amiculu Familiei
1464:
1458:
1446:
1437:
1436:Costescu, p. 238
1434:
1428:
1419:
1413:
1402:
1393:
1389:Voința Națională
1384:
1378:
1371:
1365:
1362:
1356:
1350:
1344:
1343:Crutzescu, p. 38
1341:
1335:
1321:
1315:
1308:
1302:
1299:
1293:
1284:
1275:
1274:Bacalbașa, p. 61
1272:
1255:
1252:
1243:
1239:Budapesti Hírlap
1234:
1228:
1225:
1216:
1212:Voința Națională
1207:
1198:
1195:
1189:
1186:
1180:
1168:
1157:
1154:
1148:
1144:Ziarul Financiar
1133:
1129:
1114:
1111:
1105:
1102:
1096:
1074:
1068:
1047:
1041:
1038:
1032:
1029:
1023:
1020:
1014:
1005:
994:
990:România Literară
981:Ioana Pârvulescu
979:
975:
960:
942:
927:
909:
867:Family Chronicle
849:
825:Mateiu Caragiale
719:
698:
678:
660:
576:Amiculu Familiei
563:, "but with its
553:as copying from
510:Constanța County
498:Paris World Fair
496:delegate to the
465:Alexandru Ciurcu
442:
439:
387:
378:
375:
366:
355:Văcărescu family
351:
337:Barrison Sisters
323:Budapesti Hírlap
262:Gheorghe Bibescu
205:Văcărescu family
133:Michel Vacaresco
54:
30:
16:
15:
2297:
2296:
2292:
2291:
2290:
2288:
2287:
2286:
2262:Gay journalists
2167:
2166:
2118:Magazin Istoric
2111:Matei Cazacu, "
2094:
2089:
2075:
2071:
2056:
2052:
2048:, Issue 10/1009
2032:
2031:
2027:
2015:
2011:
2007:, Issue 13/2009
1994:
1986:
1982:
1978:, December 2010
1967:
1966:
1962:
1957:
1953:
1930:
1926:
1922:, Issue 44/2010
1906:
1905:
1901:
1892:
1888:
1876:Mihai Iovănel,
1873:
1872:
1863:
1845:Ovidiu Papadima
1835:
1831:
1819:Anton Bacalbașa
1817:
1813:
1776:Ovidiu Papadima
1770:
1766:
1753:
1749:
1744:
1740:
1729:
1725:
1712:
1708:
1703:
1699:
1685:
1676:
1659:
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1637:
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1608:
1591:
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1586:
1572:
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1534:
1522:
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1493:
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1416:
1403:
1396:
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1351:
1347:
1342:
1338:
1322:
1318:
1309:
1305:
1300:
1296:
1285:
1278:
1273:
1258:
1253:
1246:
1235:
1231:
1226:
1219:
1208:
1201:
1196:
1192:
1187:
1183:
1176:Magazin Istoric
1169:
1160:
1155:
1151:
1131:
1130:
1117:
1112:
1108:
1103:
1099:
1075:
1071:
1048:
1044:
1039:
1035:
1030:
1026:
1021:
1017:
1006:
997:
993:, Issue 25/2010
977:
976:
963:
950:Editura Minerva
944:Mihail Straje,
943:
930:
910:
903:
899:
847:
794:Anton Bacalbașa
773:, who drew him
752:
736:, Plot 17. His
717:
711:
710:
709:
706:
699:
690:
687:Grigore Ventura
679:
670:
661:
650:
649:
514:Theodor Rosetti
477:
440:
423:Sarah Bernhardt
403:
402:
401:
398:
388:
379:
376:
367:
358:
352:
281:Elena Văcărescu
201:
196:
149:Iancu Văcărescu
82:
56:
52:
42:
33:
21:
12:
11:
5:
2295:
2285:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
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2259:
2254:
2249:
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2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2165:
2164:
2150:
2136:
2122:
2109:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2087:
2069:
2050:
2025:
2009:
1980:
1960:
1951:
1924:
1910:Cosmin Ciotloș
1899:
1886:
1861:
1849:Alexandru Piru
1829:
1811:
1780:Alexandru Piru
1764:
1747:
1738:
1723:
1706:
1697:
1674:
1672:, July 2, 2015
1652:
1640:Ștefan Oprea,
1630:
1606:
1584:
1566:
1548:
1532:
1513:
1496:
1487:
1472:
1459:
1438:
1429:
1414:
1394:
1379:
1366:
1357:
1345:
1336:
1316:
1303:
1294:
1276:
1256:
1244:
1229:
1217:
1209:"Svonuri", in
1199:
1190:
1181:
1158:
1149:
1115:
1106:
1097:
1069:
1050:Cristian Preda
1042:
1033:
1024:
1015:
995:
961:
928:
900:
898:
895:
863:Petru Dumitriu
751:
748:
734:Bellu cemetery
708:
707:
705:(date unknown)
700:
693:
691:
680:
673:
671:
662:
655:
652:
651:
647:
646:
645:
608:A Stormy Night
542:George Ranetti
476:
473:
400:
399:
389:
382:
380:
368:
361:
359:
353:
346:
343:
342:
341:
333:La Belle Otero
329:cross-dressing
300:Lycée Henri-IV
298:A graduate of
200:
197:
195:
192:
188:Petru Dumitriu
117:
116:
114:film criticism
99:
95:
94:
91:
87:
86:
77:
73:
72:
69:
65:
64:
49:
45:
44:
39:
35:
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31:
23:
22:
19:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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2255:
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2213:
2210:
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2200:
2198:
2195:
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2188:
2185:
2183:
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2178:
2175:
2174:
2172:
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2159:
2155:
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2149:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2135:
2131:
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2123:
2120:
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2110:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2096:
2095:
2084:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2066:
2065:
2064:Contemporanul
2060:
2054:
2047:
2046:
2041:
2037:
2033:(in Romanian)
2029:
2022:
2018:
2013:
2006:
2005:
2000:
1995:(in Romanian)
1992:
1991:
1984:
1977:
1973:
1968:(in Romanian)
1964:
1958:Cazacu, p. 14
1955:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1928:
1921:
1920:
1915:
1911:
1907:(in Romanian)
1903:
1896:
1890:
1883:
1879:
1874:(in Romanian)
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1868:
1866:
1858:
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1826:
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1734:
1727:
1720:
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1710:
1701:
1694:
1693:
1688:
1687:Petru Vintilă
1683:
1681:
1679:
1671:
1670:
1665:
1660:(in Romanian)
1656:
1650:, August 2006
1649:
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1638:(in Romanian)
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1614:(in Romanian)
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1456:
1455:
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1407:
1406:Telegraphuluĭ
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1167:
1165:
1163:
1156:Cazacu, p. 13
1153:
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1128:
1126:
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1011:
1004:
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986:
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978:(in Romanian)
974:
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968:
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951:
947:
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925:973-27-0501-9
922:
918:
914:
908:
906:
901:
894:
892:
888:
883:
882:Petru Vintilă
878:
877:
876:Contemporanul
872:
868:
864:
860:
855:
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846:
842:
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837:
832:
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826:
820:
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582:
577:
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569:D. A. Sturdza
566:
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556:
552:
547:
543:
538:
533:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
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494:
490:
489:N. T. Orășanu
486:
482:
472:
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434:
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396:
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365:
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344:
340:
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331:acts such as
330:
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185:
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177:
176:
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168:
167:homosexuality
164:
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159:
154:
150:
146:
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138:
134:
131:
127:
123:
115:
111:
107:
106:gossip column
103:
100:
96:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
70:
66:
63:
59:
51:June 12, 1903
50:
46:
40:
36:
29:
24:
17:
2242:Belle Époque
2177:1840s births
2153:
2139:
2125:
2116:
2112:
2101:
2080:
2072:
2062:
2058:
2053:
2043:
2028:
2021:Transilvania
2020:
2012:
2002:
1988:
1987:"Echos", in
1983:
1975:
1963:
1954:
1936:Caragialiana
1935:
1927:
1917:
1902:
1894:
1889:
1881:
1852:
1832:
1822:
1814:
1795:
1783:
1767:
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1731:
1726:
1714:
1709:
1700:
1690:
1667:
1655:
1645:
1633:
1625:
1622:istorie (I)"
1619:
1609:
1599:
1587:
1577:
1569:
1559:
1551:
1543:
1535:
1527:
1524:Mihai Florea
1508:
1504:
1499:
1490:
1480:
1475:
1467:
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1452:
1432:
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1417:
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1387:
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1360:
1353:
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1327:
1324:George Potra
1319:
1311:
1306:
1297:
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912:
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866:
856:
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840:
834:
828:
821:
812:
801:
783:
768:
761:
753:
743:
739:objets d'art
737:
730:peptic ulcer
725:
721:
714:
712:
640:
637:
624:
612:
606:
602:
592:
590:
584:
580:
575:
573:
558:
554:
550:
545:
544:argued that
536:
534:
517:
491:. Memoirist
478:
468:
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456:
452:
448:
444:
435:
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416:
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393:used by the
321:
303:
297:
292:
266:
243:
202:
175:Belle Époque
173:
171:
156:
136:
132:
125:
121:
120:
53:(1903-06-12)
43:1842 or 1843
2182:1903 deaths
2059:Matei Millo
1592:(in French)
1410:Telegraphul
871:Matei Millo
701:Cartoon by
613:O scrisoare
603:O scrisoare
518:Telegraphul
441: 1882
407:La Roumanie
391:Horse brand
377: 1900
234:during the
227:had served
165:, and his
76:Nationality
2171:Categories
2092:References
2036:Ion Vartic
1895:Amfiteatru
775:doing drag
617:Paul Gusty
581:La Réforme
560:Le Gaulois
506:Prefecture
481:Casa Capșa
271:through a
240:Phanariote
141:Wallachian
80:Wallachian
68:Occupation
2134:606183567
2106:Universul
1808:830735698
1802:, 1967.
1792:Ion Ghica
1289:Le Figaro
1135:Ion Bulei
1088:, 2015.
1060:, 2011.
1010:Le Figaro
952:, 1973.
919:, 1996.
798:Moș Teacă
786:Ion Ghica
757:malakoffs
621:Wilbrandt
565:Dâmbovița
555:Le Figaro
318:Ion Bulei
314:Bucharest
305:Le Figaro
273:Moldavian
194:Biography
130:Francized
93:1873–1903
58:Bucharest
2045:Apostrof
1976:Historia
1942:, 1974.
1851:(eds.),
1824:Adevărul
1796:Opere, I
1782:(eds.),
1733:Adevărul
1574:D. R. R.
808:pastiche
763:Adevărul
633:corsages
335:and the
145:Romanian
143:, later
139:, was a
137:Claymoor
84:Romanian
20:Claymoor
2108:, 1936.
1948:6890267
1882:Cultura
1528:Teatrul
1454:Furnica
1408:)", in
1086:Polirom
1058:Polirom
958:8994172
817:sylphid
664:In drag
512:by the
427:stooges
412:Românul
395:Pașcani
293:vicleim
277:Pașcani
2160:
2146:
2132:
1946:
1859:, 1973
1806:
1509:Steaua
1334:, 1981
1092:
1064:
956:
923:
750:Legacy
726:Carnet
641:Carnet
551:Carnet
526:Bayram
397:boyars
229:Prince
90:Period
2042:, in
2001:, in
1974:, in
1916:, in
1880:, in
1666:, in
1644:, in
1624:, in
1598:, in
1579:Epoca
1482:Lupta
1424:Lupta
1141:, in
987:, in
897:Notes
848:'
845:Craii
841:Craii
755:with
718:'
217:Alecu
98:Genre
2158:ISBN
2144:ISBN
2130:OCLC
1944:OCLC
1804:OCLC
1090:ISBN
1062:ISBN
954:OCLC
921:ISBN
788:and
685:and
557:and
487:and
357:arms
186:and
122:Mișu
48:Died
38:Born
623:'s
508:of
124:or
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2100:,
2038:,
1934:,
1912:,
1864:^
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1778:,
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1441:^
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463:,
438:c.
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112:,
108:,
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