75:
47:
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2705:
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dropout rates and low literacy rates. The researchers believe that policies focusing on bettering education will help reduce child labour. Pakistan ranks among the countries with the lowest literacy rates, and in recent years, child labor has seen a disturbing rise. The primary cause for the surge in child labor is the escalating poverty levels, with low literacy rates also playing a significant role in exacerbating this issue.
66:
identified that 32,727 children were not attending schools. For the school-going children, a total of 71,373 children were enrolled in public schools, of whom 41,017 were males and 30,356 were females. A total of 13,125 children were attending private schools; 7,438 were males and 5,687 were females. As many as 9,554 children were enrolled in non-formal education institutes.
122:
Child labour remains one of the major problems afflicting
Pakistan and its children. Pakistan has passed laws in an attempt to limit child labour and indentured servitude, but those laws are universally ignored. Some 11 million children, aged four to fourteen, keep the country's factories operating,
54:
As of 2005–2006, it is estimated that 37 percent of working boys were employed in the wholesale and retail industry in urban areas, followed by 22 percent in the service industry and 22 percent in manufacturing. 48 percent of girls were employed in the service industry while 39 percent were employed
37:
was seven, down from eight in 1994. It was estimated that one quarter of the country's work force was made up of children. Child labor stands out as a significant issue in
Pakistan, primarily driven by poverty. The prevalence of poverty in the country has compelled children to engage in labor, as it
224:
Other NGOs that have worked on the issue of child labour in
Pakistan include organisations such as UNICEF. UNICEF supported the NCCWD, drafting of the Child Protection Law and the Child Protection Policy, and initiated the establishment of the Child Protection Monitoring and Data Collecting System.
215:
has conducted research that goes into producing its publications, including three major books on child labour, juvenile justice and child rights. Publications include its annual report "The State of
Pakistan's Children", and a large number of brochures, SPARC has also conducted a number of research
189:
Save the
Children has also been working with some of the sporting goods manufacturers represented by the Sialkot Chamber of Commerce, and Industry and their international partner brands, represented by the World Federation of the Sporting Goods Industry. This joint effort is aimed at ensuring that
93:
According to research conducted by Akhtar, Fatima, & Sadaqt, the main causes of child labour in the fishing sector on the
Balochistan coast were the low quality of education, lack of job prospects, and lack of progress in the region. It was found that in this particular province there are high
86:
of approximately $ 1900. A middle class person in
Pakistan earns around $ 6 a day on average. The average Pakistani has to feed nine or ten people with their daily wage. There is also a high inflation rate. As of 2008, 17.2% of the total population lives below the poverty line, which is the lowest
160:
By the late 1990s, Pakistan had come to account for 75 percent of total world production of footballs (or “soccer" balls in the US), and 71 percent of all soccer ball imports into the United States. The
International Labour Rights Forum and allies called attention to rampant child labour in the
65:
For children working at brick kilns in Punjab, a survey was conducted by the Punjab Labour
Department. According to the latest figures of the survey, the department identified 10,347 brick kilns in Punjab and a total of 126,779 children were seen at these sites. Out of the total, the survey
152:. Several organizations are working in Pakistan to reduce child labour. Factories are now registered with provincial social security programs which offer free school facilities for children of workers and free hospital treatment.
55:
in manufacturing. In rural areas, 68 percent of working boys were joined by 82 percent of working girls. In the wholesale and retail industry the percentage of girls was 11 percent followed by 11 percent in manufacturing.
2660:
2670:
2584:
2629:
136:
reported nine goods, six of which are produced by child labourers in
Pakistan. These include the making of bricks, carpets, glass bangles, leather and surgical instruments, as well as coal
90:
The low cost of child labor gives manufacturers a significant advantage in the Western marketplace, where they undersell their competitors from countries which are prohibiting child labor.
2419:
2665:
204:. The £750,000 donated by Britain will be spent on education and training, and also on setting up credit and savings schemes, in an attempt to provide alternatives to bonded labour.
2624:
2634:
2579:
2499:
216:
studies. SPARC has continued to ask successive governments to upgrade their laws to set a legal age limit for employment in Pakistan, although they have not been successful.
2469:
2464:
2564:
2479:
2459:
2369:
161:
soccer ball industry. According to investigations, thousands of children between the ages of 5 and 14 were putting in as many as 10 to 11 hours of stitching per day. The
2675:
2554:
2549:
2429:
2619:
2569:
2504:
2494:
25:
is the employment of children to work in Pakistan, which causes them mental, physical, moral and social harm. Child labour takes away the education from children. The
2509:
2489:
2374:
2364:
485:
429:
2639:
2474:
2454:
2444:
2404:
2389:
2384:
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2599:
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2534:
102:
A number of laws contain provisions prohibiting child labour, or regulating the working conditions of child and adolescent workers. The most important laws are:
2519:
2484:
1671:
212:
132:
752:
87:
figure in the history of Pakistan. Poverty levels appear to necessitate that children work in order to allow families to reach their target take-home pay.
1728:
190:
children are not employed to stitch footballs. Save the Children (UK) includes disseminating information about child labour on major networks like CBS.
2150:
1552:
237:
was killed by the couple Hasan Siddiqui & his wife Umm e Kulsoom for mistakenly releasing the couple's two parrots from the cage on 1 June 2020 in
38:
has become necessary for their families to meet their desired household income level, enabling them to afford basic necessities like butter and bread.
459:
738:
197:
1010:
927:
282:
1427:
1162:
887:
335:
1102:
1085:
2754:
174:
82:
The International Labour Organisation (ILO) suggests that poverty is the greatest single cause behind child labour. Pakistan has a
2609:
2212:
2184:
1721:
1167:
2063:
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817:
402:
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661:
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437:
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1058:
998:
26:
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1400:
1068:
952:
1489:
1464:
1063:
880:
799:
531:
298:
177:
signed the Partners' Agreement to Eliminate Child Labour in the Soccer Industry in Pakistan on February 14, 1997, in
162:
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2194:
1547:
1422:
647:
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1410:
1329:
964:
2256:
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1567:
1373:
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1157:
1140:
1095:
1053:
1005:
904:
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1697:
1447:
1442:
1383:
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1194:
1125:
1120:
1048:
1028:
1020:
969:
873:
725:
A Dark Side of Institutional Entrepreneurship: Soccer Balls, Child Laboour and Postcolonial Impoverishment
389:
Wealth: Crucial but Not Sufficient - Evidence from Pakistan on Economic Growth, Child Labour and Schooling
2744:
2359:
2179:
2005:
1884:
1572:
1557:
1457:
1368:
1231:
1216:
1038:
1033:
463:
2589:
2409:
2379:
2000:
1774:
959:
545:"Socio-economic conditions of child labor: A case study for the fishing sector on Balochistan coast".
2081:
1764:
1661:
1281:
1211:
1073:
1043:
581:
292:
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2027:
1830:
1804:
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1526:
1521:
1499:
769:
287:
272:
127:
1794:
845:"8-year-old girl 'beaten, killed' by employers in Rawalpindi over setting free their parrots: FIR"
2594:
2266:
2022:
1542:
1395:
1298:
1226:
1199:
1090:
339:
225:
Many other NGOs such as ROZAN, SPARC and Shaheen Welfare Trust have worked to protect children.
2574:
2539:
2298:
2230:
2157:
1894:
1820:
1494:
1351:
1339:
1204:
947:
148:
NGO groups against child labour have been raising awareness of the exploitation of children in
2514:
2449:
2424:
2414:
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2251:
2145:
1855:
1769:
1620:
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1314:
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1112:
234:
1962:
2439:
2434:
2283:
1919:
1889:
1863:
1825:
1799:
1562:
1516:
1432:
1405:
1356:
1253:
1177:
993:
981:
1935:
1130:
8:
2649:
2322:
2278:
2172:
1845:
1835:
1759:
1746:
1511:
1452:
1276:
1248:
896:
608:"ILO: 'Child labour prevents • The Pilgram official policy of Food Act 1998 development'"
1945:
2273:
1598:
1324:
1258:
986:
732:
137:
30:
2704:
2222:
2136:
1972:
1840:
1582:
1344:
1334:
1319:
1221:
1145:
562:
170:
83:
1706:
406:
74:
33:, half of whom were under age ten. In 1996, the median age for a child entering the
2032:
2012:
1594:
821:
710:
NGOs as development partners to the corporates: Child football Stichers in Pakistan
554:
317:
178:
59:
2288:
1779:
607:
46:
1630:
976:
665:
1950:
1904:
1899:
194:
558:
2723:
2698:
1985:
1955:
1640:
1078:
922:
566:
2096:
917:
912:
17:
515:
S. Denice, Doreen. "Towards the Eradication of Child Labour in Pakistan".
2708:
2042:
1995:
1990:
1980:
770:"Society for the Protection of the Rights of the Child (SPARC), Pakistan"
277:
260:
2314:
2116:
1914:
783:
Denice, Doreen. "Towards the Eradication of Child Labour in Pakistan".
363:"Child labour increases in Pakistan while numbers drop internationally"
238:
34:
865:
2091:
2086:
2017:
1625:
687:
844:
1738:
362:
242:
149:
21:
632:"Child Labour affect Human Capital Development - Chief Justice".
430:"Govt orders digitising data of brick kiln school-going children"
201:
486:"UNDP Reports Pakistan Poverty Declined to 17%, Under Musharraf"
58:
Child labour in Pakistan is perhaps most rampant in the city of
1635:
255:
166:
1909:
1293:
62:, which is an important production centre for export goods.
299:
Punishment In Sindh Employing Children Under 12 Year Of Age
109:
The West Pakistan Shops and Establishments Ordinance 1969
263:, who was a Child labour activist and murdered in 1995.
193:
Save the Children has also worked on projects with the
29:
estimated that in the 1990s, 11 million children were
1736:
722:
259:
on the child labour.The film features on the life of
245:. The couple were arrested and charged the same day.
133:
List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor
664:. International Labour Rights Forum. Archived from
361:Reporter, The Newspaper's Staff (16 January 2016).
97:
143:
2721:
1011:Securities & Exchange Commission of Pakistan
198:Secretary of State for International Development
123:often working in brutal and squalid conditions.
228:
2330:
1722:
881:
1086:Pakistan and the International Monetary Fund
772:. Childwatch International Research Network.
737:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
115:The Bonded Labour System Abolition Act 1992
2337:
2323:
1729:
1715:
888:
874:
707:
579:
547:International Journal of Social Economics
2344:
1103:Pakistani economic crisis (2022–present)
605:
360:
175:Sialkot Chamber of Commerce and Industry
118:The Punjab Compulsory Education Act 1994
73:
45:
895:
529:
386:
2722:
2064:Caste system among South Asian Muslims
842:
427:
2318:
1710:
869:
753:"Pakistan Flood 2010 - Six Months On"
514:
248:
155:
184:
50:A Pakistani boy working as a cobbler
797:
650:. Child Rights Information Network.
582:"Child labour and its implications"
530:Silvers, Jonathan (February 1996).
405:. Save the children. Archived from
338:. Fair Trade Sports. Archived from
112:The Employment of Children Act 1991
27:Human Rights Commission of Pakistan
13:
2038:Violence against women in Pakistan
953:Governor of State Bank of Pakistan
785:The Fletcher School Online Journal
782:
606:Madslien, Jorn (4 February 2004).
517:The Fletcher School Online Journal
233:An eight-year-old domestic worker
14:
2771:
1064:Medium Term Development Framework
163:International Labour Organization
2703:
2694:
2693:
1693:
1692:
580:Newspaper, the (15 March 2011).
98:Government steps on child labour
836:
810:
791:
776:
762:
745:
716:
701:
680:
654:
640:
625:
599:
573:
538:
523:
253:A film also made a debut named
41:
2661:British Indian Ocean Territory
1790:Pakistan Remittance Initiative
1465:Mobile phone network operators
723:Khan, Munir, Willmott (2007).
508:
478:
452:
428:Sheikh, Ammar (22 July 2017).
421:
395:
380:
354:
328:
310:
144:Efforts to reduce child labour
1:
2755:Children's rights in Pakistan
2257:Domestic violence in Pakistan
1006:Pakistan Bureau of Statistics
843:Naseer, Tahir (3 June 2020).
553:(4): 316–338. 16 March 2010.
318:"What is child labour (IPEC)"
303:
219:
200:to phase out child labour in
970:Finance Minister of Pakistan
229:Child labour death incidents
7:
2213:Water supply and sanitation
2151:List of terrorist incidents
2006:Balochistan honour killings
648:"Sub Group on Child Labour"
266:
10:
2776:
2760:Debt bondage in South Asia
2048:Women's rights in Pakistan
1869:School corporal punishment
1657:Central business districts
1616:Central business districts
1609:Central business districts
800:"Child Labour in Pakistan"
460:"Child Labour in Pakistan"
336:"Child Labour in Pakistan"
78:A Pakistani child labourer
2689:
2648:
2608:
2350:
2244:
2221:
2203:Effects of global warming
2193:
2135:
2082:Insurgency in Balochistan
2072:
2056:
1971:
1928:
1877:
1854:
1813:
1745:
1737:Socio-economic issues in
1690:
1649:
1608:
1535:
1477:
1307:
1267:
1185:
1176:
1111:
1074:National debt of Pakistan
1019:
936:
903:
708:Husselbee, David (2000).
559:10.1108/03068291011025273
293:Child labour in Swaziland
69:
2410:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
2112:Religious discrimination
999:Federal Board of Revenue
820:. UNICEF. Archived from
288:Human rights in Pakistan
273:Labour force of Pakistan
207:
128:U.S. Department of Labor
2730:Child labour by country
2671:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
1677:Pakistanis by net worth
1428:Cottage and small scale
1320:Entertainment and Media
1299:Pakistan Stock Exchange
1091:Foreign aid to Pakistan
1059:Economic Liberalization
928:State-owned enterprises
2107:Secessionist movements
1895:Sex-selective abortion
1438:Information technology
1401:Science and technology
1352:Healthcare in Pakistan
1069:Periods of stagflation
948:State Bank of Pakistan
126:In December 2014, the
106:The Factories Act 1934
79:
51:
31:working in the country
2735:Childhood in Pakistan
1667:International ranking
1621:I. I. Chundrigar Road
1054:Islamic economization
387:Xiaohui, Hou (2010).
77:
49:
2585:United Arab Emirates
2345:Child labour in Asia
2195:Environmental issues
1920:Polygamy in Pakistan
1423:Books and publishing
758:. Save the Children.
2750:Poverty in Pakistan
2740:Slavery in Pakistan
2612:limited recognition
2289:Alcohol prohibition
2236:Internet censorship
2168:Illegal immigration
2127:Decline of Hinduism
2122:Freedom of religion
1795:Reverse brain drain
897:Economy of Pakistan
798:Silvers, Jonathan.
712:. pp. 377–389.
688:"Atlanta Agreement"
532:"Child in Pakistan"
440:on 6 September 2017
434:The Express Tribune
2745:Labour in Pakistan
2102:Sectarian violence
1963:Child prostitution
1755:Standard of living
1682:Standard of living
1568:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
1536:Domestic economies
1411:Telecommunications
818:"Child Protection"
668:on 6 December 2019
249:In Popular Culture
156:Football stitching
80:
52:
2717:
2716:
2654:other territories
2312:
2311:
2208:Natural disasters
2163:Human trafficking
1704:
1703:
1478:People and labour
1473:
1472:
1141:National highways
634:Ghana News Agency
409:on 3 January 2011
342:on 21 August 2016
185:Save the Children
171:Save the Children
84:per-capita income
2767:
2707:
2697:
2696:
2666:Christmas Island
2352:Sovereign states
2339:
2332:
2325:
2316:
2315:
2304:Police brutality
2013:Hudood Ordinance
1731:
1724:
1717:
1708:
1707:
1696:
1695:
1672:Provinces by GDP
1558:Gilgit-Baltistan
1195:Renewable energy
1183:
1182:
1151:Railway stations
1029:Numbering system
965:Finance ministry
890:
883:
876:
867:
866:
860:
859:
857:
855:
840:
834:
833:
831:
829:
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808:
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766:
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749:
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577:
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536:
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527:
521:
520:
512:
506:
505:
503:
501:
492:. Archived from
482:
476:
475:
473:
471:
462:. Archived from
456:
450:
449:
447:
445:
436:. Archived from
425:
419:
418:
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399:
393:
392:
384:
378:
377:
375:
373:
358:
352:
351:
349:
347:
332:
326:
325:
314:
179:Atlanta, Georgia
2775:
2774:
2770:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2765:
2764:
2720:
2719:
2718:
2713:
2685:
2653:
2644:
2625:Northern Cyprus
2611:
2604:
2346:
2343:
2313:
2308:
2240:
2217:
2189:
2180:Organised crime
2173:Afghan refugees
2131:
2068:
2052:
1967:
1936:Street children
1924:
1885:Family planning
1873:
1850:
1809:
1741:
1735:
1705:
1700:
1686:
1645:
1631:Gulberg, Lahore
1604:
1531:
1469:
1458:Medical tourism
1389:Pharmaceuticals
1303:
1269:
1263:
1232:Rice production
1217:Fuel extraction
1187:
1172:
1107:
1039:Nationalization
1034:Five-Year Plans
1015:
977:Pakistani rupee
940:
938:
932:
899:
894:
864:
863:
853:
851:
841:
837:
827:
825:
824:on 15 June 2018
816:
815:
811:
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777:
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750:
746:
730:
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631:
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544:
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539:
534:. The Atlantic.
528:
524:
513:
509:
499:
497:
496:on 26 July 2011
484:
483:
479:
469:
467:
466:on 28 July 2011
458:
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11:
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2058:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2009:
2008:
2001:Honour killing
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1977:
1975:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1965:
1960:
1959:
1958:
1953:
1946:Child marriage
1943:
1938:
1932:
1930:
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662:"Child Labour"
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490:Pakistan Daily
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2185:War on Terror
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2139:and terrorism
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2110:
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2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2007:
2004:
2003:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1986:Bride burning
1984:
1982:
1979:
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1974:
1970:
1964:
1961:
1957:
1954:
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1662:Foreign trade
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1641:Serai Quarter
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1522:Trades unions
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1369:Manufacturing
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1355:
1354:
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1313:
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1297:
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1287:
1283:
1282:List of banks
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1275:
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1212:Nuclear power
1210:
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1080:
1079:circular debt
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1057:
1055:
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1044:Privatization
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958:
954:
951:
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949:
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929:
926:
924:
923:KSE 100 Index
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
910:
908:
906:
902:
898:
891:
886:
884:
879:
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719:
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704:
689:
683:
667:
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602:
587:
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541:
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246:
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217:
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205:
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182:
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176:
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141:
139:
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129:
124:
117:
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108:
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103:
95:
91:
88:
85:
76:
67:
63:
61:
56:
48:
39:
36:
32:
28:
24:
23:
19:
2650:Dependencies
2580:Turkmenistan
2545:Saudi Arabia
2524:
2262:Human rights
2097:Pashtunistan
2057:Caste system
2028:Prostitution
1941:Child labour
1940:
1831:Malnutrition
1805:Urbanisation
1785:Labour force
1543:Azad Kashmir
1527:Unemployment
1505:Child labour
1504:
1500:Labour force
1485:Billionaires
1186:Resource and
918:KSE 30 Index
913:KMI 30 Index
852:. Retrieved
848:
838:
826:. Retrieved
822:the original
812:
804:The Atlantic
803:
793:
784:
778:
764:
747:
724:
718:
709:
703:
691:. Retrieved
682:
670:. Retrieved
666:the original
656:
642:
633:
627:
615:. Retrieved
611:
601:
591:10 September
589:. Retrieved
585:
575:
550:
546:
540:
525:
516:
510:
498:. Retrieved
494:the original
489:
480:
468:. Retrieved
464:the original
454:
442:. Retrieved
438:the original
433:
423:
411:. Retrieved
407:the original
397:
388:
382:
370:. Retrieved
366:
356:
344:. Retrieved
340:the original
330:
321:
312:
297:
254:
252:
232:
223:
211:
192:
188:
159:
147:
131:
125:
121:
101:
92:
89:
81:
64:
57:
53:
42:Demographics
18:Child labour
16:
15:
2709:Asia portal
2610:States with
2530:Philippines
2470:South Korea
2465:North Korea
2360:Afghanistan
2267:LGBT rights
2074:Communalism
2043:Watta satta
2023:Pornography
1996:Eve teasing
1991:Dowry death
1981:Acid attack
1780:Brain drain
1548:Balochistan
1396:Real estate
1227:Agriculture
1200:Solar power
1049:Corporation
939:governance,
617:23 February
500:23 February
322:www.ilo.org
278:Iqbal Masih
261:Iqbal Masih
2724:Categories
2590:Uzbekistan
2565:Tajikistan
2480:Kyrgyzstan
2460:Kazakhstan
2380:Bangladesh
2370:Azerbaijan
2299:Secularism
2231:Censorship
2158:Corruption
2117:Sindhudesh
1821:Healthcare
1588:Rawalpindi
1578:Faisalabad
1495:Demography
1379:Automotive
1340:Television
1330:Newspapers
1205:Wind power
1188:production
941:regulation
693:1 February
672:1 February
403:"Pakistan"
304:References
239:Rawalpindi
235:Zohra Shah
220:Other NGOs
173:, and the
35:work force
2676:Hong Kong
2630:Palestine
2555:Sri Lanka
2550:Singapore
2430:Indonesia
2294:Feudalism
2252:Democracy
2146:Terrorism
2092:Jinnahpur
2087:Hazarewal
2018:Karo-kari
1856:Education
1770:Transport
1626:Blue Area
1563:Islamabad
1418:Transport
1374:Aerospace
1362:Hospitals
1315:Education
1289:Insurance
1268:Financial
1244:Livestock
1158:Dry ports
1136:Motorways
982:Banknotes
937:Currency,
905:Companies
733:cite book
567:0306-8293
2699:Category
2620:Abkhazia
2570:Thailand
2525:Pakistan
2505:Mongolia
2500:Maldives
2495:Malaysia
2395:Cambodia
2284:Gambling
1929:Children
1890:Abortion
1864:Literacy
1826:HIV/AIDS
1800:Pensions
1739:Pakistan
1698:Category
1650:See also
1517:Pensions
1433:Forestry
1406:Internet
1270:services
1254:Forestry
1163:Seaports
1146:Railways
1126:Airports
1121:Airlines
1096:U.S. aid
994:Taxation
849:DAWN.COM
612:BBC News
586:DAWN.COM
367:DAWN.COM
267:See also
243:Pakistan
150:Pakistan
22:Pakistan
2595:Vietnam
2510:Myanmar
2490:Lebanon
2420:Georgia
2375:Bahrain
2365:Armenia
2279:Suicide
1915:Divorce
1846:Smoking
1836:Obesity
1760:Poverty
1747:Economy
1599:Karachi
1512:Poverty
1453:Tourism
1448:Tobacco
1443:Textile
1384:Defence
1277:Banking
1249:Fishery
1178:Sectors
1131:Bridges
1021:History
987:Coinage
470:1 March
444:26 July
413:7 March
372:11 July
346:7 March
202:Sialkot
195:British
2640:Taiwan
2575:Turkey
2540:Russia
2475:Kuwait
2455:Jordan
2445:Israel
2405:Cyprus
2390:Brunei
2385:Bhutan
1878:Family
1814:Health
1636:Saddar
1583:Lahore
1573:Punjab
1325:Cinema
1259:Mining
960:Budget
854:7 June
828:6 July
565:
283:Gunjal
256:Gunjal
167:UNICEF
138:mining
70:Causes
60:Multan
2681:Macau
2600:Yemen
2560:Syria
2535:Qatar
2515:Nepal
2450:Japan
2425:India
2415:Egypt
2400:China
2274:Hijra
2245:Other
2223:Media
2137:Crime
1973:Women
1951:Swara
1910:Dowry
1841:Polio
1765:Slums
1595:Sindh
1345:Music
1335:Radio
1308:Other
1294:KIBOR
756:(PDF)
213:SPARC
208:SPARC
2520:Oman
2485:Laos
2440:Iraq
2435:Iran
2033:Rape
1956:Vani
1553:FATA
1357:AIDS
1222:Food
856:2020
830:2011
739:link
695:2011
674:2011
619:2011
593:2023
563:ISSN
502:2011
472:2011
446:2017
415:2011
374:2023
348:2011
2652:and
1237:Tea
555:doi
130:'s
20:in
2726::
847:.
802:.
735:}}
731:{{
610:.
584:.
561:.
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569:.
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350:.
324:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
