864:
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832:— more than 8,000 people were killed in mass executions or were starved to death. Numerous pro-Soviet and pro-Ukrainian partisan units were active in the area around Byaroza before Red Army troops finally liberated the town on 15 July 1944. Repopulated with Belarusian and Russian peasants, the town was rebuilt after the destruction of World War II. After a minor building materials factory was opened in the town, another period of fast growth followed.
36:
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680:. In 1878, the town had a marketplace, 7 streets and approximately 200 houses. Both the town and the adjoining area had approximately 5,000 inhabitants. Apart from the Catholic and Uniate Churches, there was also a synagogue, Jewish baths and a market just outside the city limits.
766:, and later also for members of opposition parties, journalists critical of the government and people suspected of common crimes. Inmates were sent there for up to three months without the involvement of the courts, based solely on the administrative decision of the police or the
999:
648:, the whole complex was partially demolished, and the bricks were used for construction of a Russian prison and barracks nearby. The baroque church was destroyed in 1868. After the uprising, the town became a part of the so-called
1079:
863:
1080:"Численность населения на 1 января 2024 г. и среднегодовая численность населения за 2023 год по Республике Беларусь в разрезе областей, районов, городов, поселков городского типа"
824:
was created in the town for Jews who fled there from the surrounding areas. Under the Nazi German occupying administration — which had merged
Byaroza, along with most of western
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809:
on 23 June 1941. The German occupation lasted until 15 July 1944. During this time, Byaroza was administered as a part of
Generalbezirk Wolhynien und Podolien of
609:. Two years later, the Swedish forces looted the area again, which resulted in almost total depopulation of the town. It was also damaged by the armies of
1206:
1112:
The United States
Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933 –1945: Volume II: Ghettos in German-Occupied Eastern Europe
644:
of 1831 the town was captured by the
Russian armies and then looted. The monastery was closed by tsarist authorities and in 1866, after the
1234:
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A Polish political prison camp was created in Bereza
Kartuska in 1934. The former Russian barracks and prison were turned into an
572:. The Carthusian order gave its name to the second part of the town's name in the form in which it has been used till late 1940s:
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Although the 17th-century monastery was mostly destroyed in the 19th century, there are some ruins remaining. Among them are:
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656:. By the 20th century, they constituted more than 70% of the city's inhabitants. In 1842, a new road was opened between
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The legal basis for the camp opening was openly questioned and its existence was often criticized by opponents of the
100:
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1147:(History 557 Lecture Notes 11 B). Revised Fall 2007. Spring 2012. Poland and Soviet Russia: 1917-1921. Archived from
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railroad was laid only 20 miles (32 kilometres) from the town, connecting the town with the nearby major cities of
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signed by Soviet Russia (acting also on behalf of Soviet
Belarus). The peace treaty remained in force until the
79:
57:
605:. In 1706, the fortified monastery was put under siege and then taken by assault and looted by the forces of
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family, who founded a fortified monastery and a palace here. In 1648, the monastery was presented to the
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Parts of fortifications surrounding the monastery with several towers partially preserved
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and passed through the town, which started a period of economic prosperity. In 1871, a
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reclaimed the area, and recaptured the town on
February 14, 1919. During the
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In 1958-1967 a hydroelectric power station was built in the
Biaroza Raion.
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In 1939 the town was captured by the Red Army and incorporated into the
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1145:
University of Kansas, Lecture Notes by
Professor Anna M. Cienciala
712:
the town became a notable location of two major battles including
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In 1915, during the First World War, the town was occupied by the
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After the partitions, the town and the monastery were annexed by
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and was repopulated with Jews expelled from other areas of the
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1188:"Légierő társbérletben I-II, Vpp Kiadó, 2009-2010, Dunakeszi"
945:
Several buildings later incorporated into the tsarist prison.
677:
970:, Belarusian-born Azerbaijani professional volleyball player
720:. At the end of the Polish–Soviet War the town was ceded to
850:
550:
542:
508:. In the 15th century, the village probably received the
523:
444:
512:. Between 1538 and 1600 it was an important centre of
1049:
785:". The camp was closed in September 1939, during the
464:
750:
camp for both Polish right-wing extremists from the
516:. Later the town became the private property of the
907:
Naftali
Levinson (1915 - 1919 acting, 1919 - 1939?)
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1109:Megargee, Geoffrey P.; Dean, Martin (4 May 2012).
597:, the monastery housed a conference held by King
1546:
781:movement, which from its inception called it a "
142:
774:found themselves in the Bereza Kartuska camp.
549:and settled here. In gratitude for this deed,
1250:
912:Heads of Biaroza District Executive Committee
770:. In this way, many Belarusians who resisted
534:In the 17th century, the village belonged to
501:) was first mentioned in 1477 as part of the
489:. As of 2024, it has a population of 28,376.
156:
1108:
485:. It serves as the administrative center of
1151:on 2013-05-15 – via Internet Archive.
933:Historical gateway with a decorative façade
1257:
1243:
1115:. Indiana University Press. p. 1331.
853:, the town became part of the independent
1135:
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
704:(Target-Vistula). Within one month, the
627:, Jewish poet and writer born in Byaroza
619:
578:
692:and in 1918 claimed by the short-lived
14:
1547:
849:In 1991, after the dissolution of the
756:Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists
683:
1238:
1212:Kartuz-Bereza, Our Town Memorial Book
1074:
1072:
1070:
631:
545:. They came from the Italian town of
524:In the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1164:, "Belarus: At a Crossroads" (1993,
702:Soviet westward offensive of 1918–19
58:adding citations to reliable sources
29:
1129:
1039:
939:Ruins of the octagonal church tower
835:During the postwar period a Soviet
24:
1185:
1067:
764:Communist Party of Western Ukraine
25:
1586:
1195:
949:
754:, Ukrainian separatists from the
556:granted the title of a prince to
1565:Populated places in Brest Region
1385:
1266:
886:
874:
862:
735:
718:Battle of Bereza Kartuska (1920)
700:on January 19, 1919, during the
497:The village of Biaroza (meaning
341:150 km (60 sq mi)
233:
226:
205:
195:
183:
34:
1179:
805:, the town was captured by the
696:. The town was captured by the
234:
45:needs additional citations for
1570:Holocaust locations in Belarus
1155:
1102:
1005:
993:
904:Berl (Dov) Ribak (1882 - 1915)
570:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
13:
1:
1060:
920:Leanid Martyniuk (since 2016)
792:
132:Town in Brest Region, Belarus
27:Town in Brest Region, Belarus
924:
917:Yury Narkevich (2005 - 2016)
801:. After the outbreak of the
694:Belarusian People's Republic
7:
1050:
974:
576:(Polish: Bereza Kartuska).
465:
445:
10:
1591:
869:Catholic church in Byaroza
830:Reichskommissariat Ukraine
811:Reichskommissariat Ukraine
739:
527:
492:
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1383:
1284:
1023:
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981:Battle of Bereza Kartuska
898:
893:Memorial to Soviet pilots
881:Central street of Byaroza
760:Communist Party of Poland
730:Soviet invasion of Poland
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1000:Official transliteration
986:
964:, Jewish poet and writer
1141:"The Rebirth of Poland"
843:was close to Biaroza.
362:190/km (490/sq mi)
1221:Kartuz-Bereza cemetery
1031:
742:Bereza Kartuska prison
628:
590:
1207:Biaroza on Googlemaps
1202:Photos on Radzima.org
942:Ruins of the hospital
623:
607:Charles XII of Sweden
599:Augustus II of Poland
582:
958:, Jewish philosopher
714:the war's very first
710:Polish-Bolshevik War
615:Partitions of Poland
613:in 1772, during the
568:monasteries) in the
359: • Density
54:improve this article
1527: /
855:Republic of Belarus
758:and members of the
684:In the 20th century
640:in 1795. After the
574:Biaroza-Kartuzskaya
475:Byaroza-Kartuzskaya
271: /
247:Location in Belarus
1137:Cienciala, Anna M.
787:invasion of Poland
783:concentration camp
650:Pale of settlement
632:Under Russian rule
629:
595:Great Northern War
591:
530:Biaroza Monastery
351: • Total
338: • Total
1531:52.550°N 24.967°E
1510:
1509:
1122:978-0-253-00202-0
1048:
1024:Берёза-Картузская
1016:Бяроза-Картузская
803:German-Soviet War
642:November Uprising
611:Alexander Suvorov
603:Peter I of Russia
584:Byaroza monastery
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443:
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275:52.550°N 24.967°E
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16:(Redirected from
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1575:Byaroza District
1560:Towns in Belarus
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1186:Vándor, Károly.
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1086:. Archived from
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962:Kadia Molodowsky
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799:Byelorussian SSR
690:Imperial Germany
646:January Uprising
625:Kadia Molodowsky
487:Byaroza District
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416:Official website
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1139:(Spring 2002).
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1090:on 2 April 2024
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1040:קאַרטוז־בערעזע
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43:This article
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19:
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1477:Mikashevichy
1417:Byelaazyorsk
1411:
1288:
1274:Brest Region
1180:Bibliography
1157:
1149:the original
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1111:
1104:
1092:. Retrieved
1088:the original
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818:World War II
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510:town charter
498:
496:
479:Brest Region
474:
473:), formerly
470:
426:
425:
419:(in Russian)
307:Brest Region
212:Coat of arms
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
1534: /
1467:Lyakhavichy
1462:Hantsavichy
1442:Ivatsevichy
1402:Baranavichy
1347:Lyakhavichy
1332:Ivatsevichy
1322:Hantsavichy
1302:Baranavichy
828:, into the
807:German Army
706:Polish Army
593:During the
558:Lew Sapieha
384:Postal code
278: /
1549:Categories
1432:Kamyenyets
1337:Kamyenyets
1061:References
1012:Belarusian
793:After 1939
748:internment
566:Carthusian
540:Carthusian
431:Belarusian
346:Population
151:Belarusian
80:newspapers
1452:Luninyets
1427:Drahichyn
1352:Luninyets
1317:Drahichyn
1285:Districts
1230:JewishGen
1216:JewishGen
1045:romanized
925:Landmarks
732:in 1939.
518:Radziwiłł
514:Calvinism
460:romanized
440:romanized
399:+375 1643
395:Area code
368:Time zone
110:June 2024
69:"Byaroza"
1502:Zhabinka
1497:Vysokaye
1487:Pruzhany
1472:Malaryta
1377:Zhabinka
1367:Pruzhany
1357:Malaryta
1172:), p. 85
975:See also
762:and the
698:Red Army
520:family.
314:District
1555:Byaroza
1522:24°58′E
1519:52°33′N
1457:Ivanava
1412:Byaroza
1327:Ivanava
1312:Byaroza
1278:Belarus
1094:11 June
1047::
1036:Yiddish
1020:Russian
826:Polesia
816:During
779:Sanacja
768:voivode
724:in the
547:Treviso
536:Sapieha
493:History
483:Belarus
466:Beryoza
462::
451:Russian
446:Biaroza
442::
427:Byaroza
412:Website
325:Founded
295:Belarus
291:Country
266:24°58′E
263:52°33′N
241:Byaroza
165:Russian
139:Byaroza
94:scholar
1492:Stolin
1447:Kosava
1437:Kobryn
1372:Stolin
1342:Kobryn
1291:raiony
1168:
1119:
1028:Polish
899:Mayors
841:Osovcy
839:base,
822:ghetto
722:Poland
670:Moscow
666:Warsaw
662:Warsaw
658:Moscow
638:Russia
506:paviet
503:Slonim
471:Bereza
455:Берёза
435:Бяроза
388:225210
354:28,376
302:Region
161:
158:Берёза
147:
144:Бяроза
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
1482:Pinsk
1407:Brest
1362:Pinsk
1307:Brest
987:Notes
678:Minsk
674:Brest
543:monks
499:birch
373:UTC+3
101:JSTOR
87:books
1166:ISBN
1117:ISBN
1096:2024
851:USSR
820:, a
676:and
660:and
601:and
551:Pope
333:Area
328:1477
201:Flag
176:Town
73:news
1228:at
1214:on
752:ONR
377:MSK
56:by
1551::
1276:,
1143:.
1082:.
1069:^
1042:,
1038::
1034:;
1030::
1026:;
1022::
1018:;
1014::
857:.
813:.
789:.
617:.
481:,
457:,
453::
449:;
437:,
433::
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1251:t
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1190:.
1125:.
1098:.
1002:.
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429:(
407:1
379:)
375:(
167:)
163:(
153:)
149:(
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
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