42:
218:
Agenesis of the corpus callosum is caused by disruption to development of the fetal brain between the 3rd and 12th weeks of pregnancy. In most cases, it is not possible to know what caused an individual to have ACC or another callosal disorder. However, research suggests that some possible causes may
139:
Laboratory research has demonstrated that individuals with ACC have difficulty transferring more complex information from one hemisphere to the other. They also have been shown to have some cognitive disabilities (difficulty in complex problem solving) and social difficulties (missing subtle social
357:
There are currently no specific medical treatments for callosal disorders, but individuals with ACC and other callosal disorders may benefit from a range of developmental therapies, educational support, and services. It is important to consult with a variety of medical, health, educational, and
128:
892:
885:
219:
include chromosome errors, inherited genetic factors, prenatal infections or injuries, prenatal toxic exposures, structural blockage by cysts or other brain abnormalities and metabolic disorders.
878:
262:
body. The cilia defects adversely affect "numerous critical developmental signaling pathways" essential to cellular development and thus offer a plausible hypothesis for the often
727:
Dominguez, R; Aguirre Vila-Coro, A; Slopis, JM; Bohan, TP (June 1991). "Brain and ocular abnormalities in infants with in utero exposure to cocaine and other street drugs".
81:, in the embryo is disrupted. The result of this is that the fibers that would otherwise form the corpus callosum are instead longitudinally oriented along the ipsilateral
131:
MRI images of three patients in the sagittal plane. A and B: Complete agenesis of the corpus callosum. C: Complete agenesis of both the corpus callosum and the
417:
varies depending on the type of callosal abnormality and associated conditions or syndromes. It is not possible for the corpus callosum to regenerate.
235:
and genetic diseases, that are now being found to be related. As a result of new genetic research, some of these are, in fact, highly related in their
1166:
140:
cues), even when their intelligence quotient is normal. Recent research suggests that specific social difficulties may be a result of impaired
155:, early feeding difficulties and/or gastric reflux, hearing impairments, abnormal head and facial features, and intellectual disability.
556:
243:
apparent on clinical examination. Agenesis of the corpus callosum is one such disease, part of an emerging class of diseases called
1077:
670:
796:
474:
692:
Badano JL, Mitsuma N, Beales PL, Katsanis N (2006). "The
Ciliopathies: An Emerging Class of Human Genetic Disorders".
333:
Callosal disorders can be diagnosed through brain imaging studies or during autopsy. They may be diagnosed through an
870:
586:
375:
116:
399:
198:
1052:
291:
267:
610:"Clinical, genetic and imaging findings identify new causes for corpus callosum development syndromes"
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346:
275:
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183:
41:
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807:
279:
367:
202:
97:
608:
Edwards, Timothy J.; Sherr, Elliott H.; Barkovich, A. James; Richards, Linda J. (2014-06-01).
1034:
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Brain anomalies that can sometimes occur in syndromes that cause callosal disorders include:
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8:
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322:
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132:
74:
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1131:
1102:
1044:
1010:
922:
642:
609:
530:
497:
82:
1000:
818:
744:
709:
647:
629:
535:
517:
395:
188:
168:
104:
30:
847:
1136:
736:
701:
637:
621:
525:
509:
371:
283:
232:
228:
108:
1020:
812:
435:
383:
363:
247:. The underlying cause may be a dysfunctional molecular mechanism in the primary
141:
103:
ACC is found in many syndromes and can often present alongside hypoplasia of the
66:
227:
Until recently, the medical literature did not indicate a connection among many
1072:
1063:
1039:
905:
900:
858:
823:
513:
252:
207:
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1005:
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633:
521:
391:
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nature of a large set of syndromes and diseases. Known ciliopathies include
92:
In addition to agenesis, other degrees of callosal defects exist, including
1115:
1110:
1058:
976:
948:
713:
651:
625:
539:
439:
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147:
Other characteristics sometimes associated with callosal disorders include
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62:
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263:
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1015:
853:
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152:
93:
943:
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abilities, was born with agenesis of the corpus callosum, along with
414:
403:
255:
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69:. It occurs when the development of the corpus callosum, the band of
35:
582:
430:
425:
236:
148:
96:(underdevelopment or thinness), hypogenesis (partial agenesis) or
938:
338:
310:
801:
314:
306:
607:
259:
248:
78:
673:. National Organization for Disorders of the Corpus Callosum
691:
127:
334:
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that are present in many cellular types throughout the
222:
107:. When this is the case, there can also be an enlarged
65:
in which there is a complete or partial absence of the
358:
social work professionals. Such professionals include
778:
761:
496:
Aldinger, Kimberly A.; Doherty, Dan (October 2016).
766:(3rd ed.). London: Pearson Education Company.
1158:
475:"ACC - What is agenesis of the corpus callosum?"
495:
886:
158:
694:Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics
16:Birth defect of the development of the brain
559:. Travis Research Institute. Archived from
893:
879:
498:"The genetics of cerebellar malformations"
40:
762:Martin GN, Carlson NR, Buckist W (2007).
641:
529:
502:Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine
325:can lead to agenesis of corpus callosum.
729:American Journal of Diseases of Children
665:
663:
661:
400:early childhood intervention specialists
126:
1078:Bilateral frontoparietal polymicrogyria
469:
467:
465:
463:
461:
459:
1167:Congenital disorders of nervous system
1159:
585:. California Institute of Technology.
874:
706:10.1146/annurev.genom.7.080505.115610
658:
551:
549:
122:
741:10.1001/archpedi.1991.02160060106030
456:
223:Ciliopathies: rare genetic disorders
13:
904:malformations and deformations of
589:from the original on 10 April 2010
583:"Corpus Callosum Research Program"
546:
14:
1183:
774:
557:"Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum"
376:speech and language pathologists
301:
85:wall and form structures called
1030:Agenesis of the corpus callosum
859:Agenesis of the corpus callosum
52:Agenesis of the corpus callosum
25:Agenesis of the corpus callosum
755:
720:
685:
601:
575:
489:
1:
409:
352:
328:
199:Neuronal migration disorders
7:
996:other reduction deformities
671:"Corpus callosum disorders"
428:, inspiration for the film
239:despite the widely varying
10:
1188:
514:10.1016/j.siny.2016.04.008
420:
268:primary ciliary dyskinesia
159:Associated brain anomalies
1124:
1101:
1092:
969:
921:
912:
833:
782:
382:, recreation therapists,
213:
117:Dandy–Walker malformation
29:
24:
982:Congenital hydrocephalus
449:
368:occupational therapists
203:grey matter heterotopia
292:Meckel–Gruber syndrome
136:
1035:Septo-optic dysplasia
987:Dandy–Walker syndrome
477:. University of Maine
434:and renowned for his
272:Bardet–Biedl syndrome
184:Dandy–Walker syndrome
130:
626:10.1093/brain/awt358
296:retinal degeneration
961:Chiari malformation
372:physical therapists
349:, or prenatal MRI.
347:prenatal ultrasound
323:phenylpropanolamine
174:Chiari malformation
133:anterior commissure
73:connecting the two
1132:Currarino syndrome
1103:Neural tube defect
1045:Hemimegalencephaly
1011:Microlissencephaly
923:Neural tube defect
834:External resources
442:and damage to the
364:neuropsychologists
294:and some forms of
251:structures of the
137:
123:Signs and symptoms
1154:
1153:
1150:
1149:
1088:
1087:
1001:Holoprosencephaly
868:
867:
396:special educators
276:polycystic kidney
233:genetic syndromes
229:genetic disorders
189:Holoprosencephaly
169:cerebellar vermis
115:; this is called
105:cerebellar vermis
49:
48:
19:Medical condition
1179:
1137:Diastomatomyelia
1099:
1098:
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780:
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759:
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724:
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689:
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680:
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667:
656:
655:
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620:(6): 1579–1613.
605:
599:
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594:
579:
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572:
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568:
563:on July 17, 2010
553:
544:
543:
533:
493:
487:
486:
484:
482:
471:
384:music therapists
288:Alström syndrome
284:nephronophthisis
109:fourth ventricle
100:(malformation).
45:
44:
22:
21:
1187:
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1182:
1181:
1180:
1178:
1177:
1176:
1172:Corpus callosum
1157:
1156:
1155:
1146:
1120:
1084:
1021:Hydranencephaly
965:
908:
899:
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864:
863:
829:
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791:
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772:
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167:Aplasia of the
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142:face processing
125:
67:corpus callosum
39:
20:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1085:
1083:
1082:
1081:
1080:
1073:Polymicrogyria
1069:
1068:
1067:
1066:
1064:Schizencephaly
1061:
1048:
1047:
1042:
1040:Megalencephaly
1037:
1032:
1026:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1018:
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906:nervous system
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783:Classification
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775:External links
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719:
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508:(5): 321–332.
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392:social workers
354:
351:
330:
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224:
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208:Schizencephaly
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87:Probst bundles
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46:
33:
27:
26:
18:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1184:
1173:
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1142:Syringomyelia
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1009:
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1006:Lissencephaly
1004:
1002:
999:
998:
997:
994:
993:
988:
985:
984:
983:
980:
978:
975:
974:
972:
968:
962:
959:
957:
956:Encephalocele
954:
950:
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942:
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735:(6): 688–95.
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688:
672:
666:
664:
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380:pediatricians
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326:
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308:
302:Drug exposure
299:
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281:
280:liver disease
277:
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269:
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264:multi-symptom
261:
257:
254:
250:
246:
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234:
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209:
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194:Hydrocephalus
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113:hydrocephalus
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72:
68:
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61:
57:
53:
43:
37:
34:
32:
28:
23:
1116:Rachischisis
1111:Spina bifida
1059:Porencephaly
1051:
1029:
995:
977:Microcephaly
949:Iniencephaly
852:
841:
817:
806:
795:
763:
757:
732:
728:
722:
697:
693:
687:
675:. Retrieved
617:
613:
603:
591:. Retrieved
577:
565:. Retrieved
561:the original
505:
501:
491:
479:. Retrieved
440:macrocephaly
429:
424:
413:
406:for adults.
360:neurologists
356:
332:
319:amphetamines
309:exposure to
305:
245:ciliopathies
226:
217:
179:Colpocephaly
162:
146:
138:
102:
91:
71:white matter
63:birth defect
55:
51:
50:
1094:Spinal cord
931:Anencephaly
700:: 125–148.
388:geneticists
83:ventricular
75:hemispheres
1161:Categories
1016:Pachygyria
902:Congenital
854:Patient UK
819:DiseasesDB
764:Psychology
444:cerebellum
404:caregivers
343:Sonography
256:organelles
237:root cause
153:spasticity
98:dysgenesis
94:hypoplasia
944:Acalvaria
848:radio/193
843:eMedicine
677:April 11,
634:0006-8950
593:April 11,
567:April 11,
522:1744-165X
481:April 11,
415:Prognosis
410:Prognosis
353:Treatment
329:Diagnosis
36:Neurology
31:Specialty
1053:CNS cyst
935:Acephaly
714:16722803
652:24477430
587:Archived
540:27160001
431:Rain Man
426:Kim Peek
307:In utero
241:symptoms
201:such as
149:seizures
939:Acrania
813:D061085
749:1709777
643:4032094
531:5035570
421:Culture
339:CT scan
311:cocaine
231:, both
77:in the
58:) is a
802:217990
747:
712:
650:
640:
632:
538:
528:
520:
436:savant
402:, and
315:heroin
214:Causes
38:
1125:Other
970:Other
914:Brain
824:29900
614:Brain
450:Notes
260:human
249:cilia
79:brain
808:MeSH
797:OMIM
745:PMID
710:PMID
679:2010
648:PMID
630:ISSN
595:2010
569:2010
536:PMID
518:ISSN
483:2010
321:and
278:and
253:cell
60:rare
737:doi
733:145
702:doi
638:PMC
622:doi
618:137
526:PMC
510:doi
335:MRI
111:or
56:ACC
1163::
857::
846::
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800::
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636:.
628:.
616:.
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548:^
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506:21
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458:^
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