Flag of Australia - Knowledge

1848: 1691: 5948: 6877: 7128: 6802: 6817: 7053: 1767: 7038: 6032: 7008: 6701: 6862: 2137: 7098: 44: 6892: 6562: 6774: 6847: 7113: 6592: 6759: 6993: 1864: 7157: 2197: 6936: 7143: 7083: 6907: 5936: 7068: 7023: 1562:. The differences to the current flag were the six-pointed Commonwealth Star, while the components stars in the Southern Cross had different numbers of points, with more if the real star was brighter. This led to five stars of nine, eight, seven, six and five points respectively. The Inner Diameter of the six-pointed Federal Star in the lower Hoist was larger than that of the later seven-pointed version of the Federal Star in the lower Hoist. Alpha Crucis and Delta Crucis were of different sizes than they are today—with Alpha being larger than at present and Delta being smaller than at present. 6547: 6965: 1636: 1629: 6832: 2167: 1824:

the chief national symbol, although no cabinet documents yet released to the public including the more detailed minutes have ever been adduced in support of this theory. This theory is unlikely, as since 1904 the Australian Government had given precedence to the blue ensign, for example by giving the right to fly it in schools in 1940. Blue suited the anti-communist policy of the Menzies government (and other organisations such as the Catholic Church), however it was also suitable to the Labor party as it was the same colour as the Eureka Flag. The Red Ensign continues to be paraded on

6532: 6056: 6292: 6517: 6622: 1622: 6304: 6729: 6577: 1722: 896: 5960: 2122: 6466: 6478: 2182: 1409: 1423: 6950: 6181: 5818: 6359: 6637: 6979: 2152: 6454: 1487: 6670: 472: 1665: 1657: 1649: 1349:, which is similar in design to the present National Flag. The differences were that there was no Commonwealth Star, while the components of the Southern Cross are depicted with eight points and in gold. This flag was only briefly in usage, as two years after the formation of the Anti-Transportation League in 1851, the colonial authorities decided to stop the intake of convicts, so the ATL ceased its activities. The Eureka Flag has become an enduring symbol in Australian culture and has been used by various groups and movements. The 879: 6390: 1381: 6008: 5984: 6440: 6430: 6380: 5972: 1367: 6193: 70: 65: 1709: 6218: 6044: 5912: 6744: 6081: 5866: 6157: 6133: 865: 7171: 1153: 231: 6922: 6020: 2211: 1682:

that chosen by the judges to the Admiralty for final approval. The Admiralty chose the Red for private vessels and Blue Ensigns for government ships. The Barton government regarded both the Blue and Red Ensigns as colonial maritime flags and "grudgingly" agreed to fly it only on naval ships. Later governments, that of Chris Watson in 1904 and Andrew Fisher in 1910, were also unhappy with the design, wanting something "more distinctive" and more "indicative of Australian unity".

6370: 5842: 1129: 912: 6145: 5996: 2484: 7287: 75: 6230: 6169: 5900: 6242: 5924: 1282:. This bill sought to make it an offence to desecrate the flag by "wilfully destroying or otherwise mutilating the Australian National Flag in circumstances where a reasonable person would infer that the destruction or mutilation is intended publicly to express contempt or disrespect for the Flag or the Australian Nation". The bill received a second reading but subsequently lapsed and did not proceed to be voted in the House of Representatives. 2470: 6267: 5854: 1471: 6337: 1395: 5830: 6093: 1804: 1328:. The second version post-1801 is depicted on the Australian flag. Each colony also had its own flag based on the British Blue Ensign, defaced with a state badge. As an Australian national consciousness began to emerge, several flag movements were formed and unofficial new flags came into common usage. Two attempts were made throughout the nineteenth century to design a national flag. The first such attempt was the 6788: 1141:

stations when there is a national election or referendum. Government ships, fishing vessels, pleasure craft, small craft and commercial vessels under 24 metres in tonnage length, can fly either the Red Ensign or the Australian National Flag, but not both. The British Blue Ensign can be flown on an Australian owned ship instead of the Australian flag if the owner has a warrant valid under British law.

2386:(ANFA) (established 1983), which wants to keep the existing flag. The primary arguments for keeping the flag cite historic precedence, while those for changing the flag are based around the idea that the status quo does not accurately depict Australia's status as an independent and multicultural nation, nor is its design unique enough to easily distinguish it from similar flags, such as the flags of 1455: 1525:

and a blue ensign for naval and official use. The judging criteria for the designs included historical relevance, compliance with the conventions of heraldry, originality, utility, and the cost of manufacture. The majority of designs incorporated the Union Flag and the Southern Cross, but native animals were also popular, including one that depicted a variety of indigenous animals playing

1337:, also designed by Nicholson. This flag was the same at the National Colonial Flag, except that the cross was blue instead of resembling that of St. George. Although the flag was designed by Nicholson in 1831, it did not become widely popular until the latter part of the century, when calls for federation began to grow louder. These flags, and many others such as the 3794:

same design as the Gamma Star (1/7 fly width, seven points) thus making the Southern Cross the same as on the current flag. The 1901 six-point and 1908 seven-point Commonwealth Star outer diameters were both 3/10 of the fly width. However the inner diameters were different. The six-point was half, and the seven-point is 4/9 of the Commonwealth Star outer diameter.

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dropped on the ground, nor should it be used to cover an object in the lead-up to an unveiling ceremony, or to hide other material. Flags that have decayed or faded should not be displayed. Old or decayed flags should be disposed of in private "in a dignified way"; a method given as an example is to cut the flag into small pieces before being placed in the waste.

705:: justice, prudence, temperance and fortitude. The number of points on the stars of the Southern Cross on the modern Australian flag differs from the original competition-winning design, in which they ranged between five and nine points each, representing their relative brightness in the night sky. The stars are named after the first five letters of the 2300:, felt that the government was appropriating their flag, saying it "doesn't need any more recognition". However, Thomas later transferred the flag's copyright to the Commonwealth Government, expressing hope that doing so would "provide comfort to all Aboriginal people and Australians to use the flag". 4290:

M.O.58 (1908) Attention is directed to Statutory Rule 27/08 published in M.O. 58/08. The Australian Ensign will accordingly be flown at all flag stations throughout the Commonwealth. M.O.135 (1911) It is directed that in future the Australian flag is to be used as the saluting flag at all reviews and

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MP, it had the same status as the Union Flag in the UK, when the Australian House of Representatives proclaimed that the Blue Ensign "should be flown upon all forts, vessels, saluting places and public buildings of the Commonwealth upon all occasions when flags are used". The government agreed to fly

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In the decades following federation the red ensign was also the pre-eminent flag in use by private citizens on land. This was largely due to the Commonwealth government, assisted by flag suppliers, discouraging the use of the blue ensign by the general public. Both the blue and red versions were used

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The Australian National Flag may be used for commercial or advertising purposes without formal permission as long as the flag is used in a dignified manner and reproduced completely and accurately; it should not be defaced by overprinting with words or illustrations, it should not be covered by other

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intended to replace the missing original flag. This flag was not a replica of the original flag, on which the Commonwealth Star had only six points, but was a current Australian National Flag with a seven pointed Commonwealth Star. The flag has a special headband, including a cardinal red stripe and

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In 1940 the Victorian government passed legislation allowing schools to purchase Blue Ensigns, which in turn allowed its use by private citizens. Prime Minister Robert Menzies then recommended schools, government building and private citizens to use the Blue Ensign, issuing a statement the following

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On 2 June 1904 a resolution was passed by parliament to replace the Union Jack with the "Australian flag" on forts. Initially the Department of Defence resisted using the Flag, considering it to be a marine ensign and favouring King's Regulations that specified the use of the Union Jack. After being

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The shade of the red colour in the canton of the Australian flag (Pantone 185C, Hex: #FF0000) is actually generally lighter than the shade used (no specific shade is specified) in the British flag (Pantone 186C, Hex: #C8102E) from which it originated. The blue colour has a different hex code for RGB

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The 1901 Southern Cross star-points ranged from nine (Alpha) to five (Epsilon) and inner diameter of each was 4/9 of their outer diameters. Beta, Gamma and Epsilon were the same outer diameter as today, Alpha was 1/6 and Delta 1/10 of the fly width. In 1903 Alpha, Beta and Delta were altered to the

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In South Australia from 1916 state schools were not allowed to fly an Australian ensign instead of the Union Jack, reflecting the suppression of its large German-speaking minority and the closure of their Lutheran schools. Their children, insisted John Verran, Labor MP, must be 'taught by those who

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since 1985. The inaugural event was held under the auspices of the New South Wales branch of the Australian National Flag Association to commemorate the anniversary of the flag being first flown in 1901. On Flag Day, ceremonies are held in schools, major centres, and the Governor-General, Governors

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South Australia chose to continue with the Union Flag as National flag until 1956, when schools were given the option of using either the Union or Australian flags. The Union Flag was still regarded as the National flag by many Australians well into the 1970s, which inspired Arthur Smout's campaign

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declared the Blue Ensign to be the national flag and the Red Ensign the flag of the Australian mercantile marine. It has been claimed that this choice was made on the basis that the predominately red version carried too many communist overtones for the government of the day to be legislated for as

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with a star added, many critics in both the Federal Government and the New South Wales government objected to the chosen flag for being "too Victorian". They wanted the Australian Federation Flag, and Prime Minister Barton, who had been promoting the Federation Flag, submitted this flag along with

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In years to come the flag which floated yesterday in the Exhibition building over Her Excellency the Countess of Hopetoun, who stood for Great Britain, and the Prime Minister (Mr Barton), who stood for Australia, will, in all human probability, become the emblem upon which the millions of the free

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agreed to being integrated into the government initiative. The £75 prize money of each competition were combined and augmented by a further £50 donated by Havelock Tobacco Company. Each competitor was required to submit two coloured sketches, a red ensign for the merchant service and public use,

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A warrant authorising the use of the Centenary Flag under section 6 of the Flags Act was issued by the Governor-General and the flag is now used as the official flag of state on important occasions. These included the opening of new parliamentary terms and when visiting heads of state arrive. The

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This bill is very largely a formal measure which puts into legislative form what has become almost the established practice in Australia ... The design adopted was submitted to His Majesty King Edward VII, and he was pleased to approve of it as the Australian flag in 1902. However, no legislative

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stated in parliament that he was not satisfied with the design of the Australian flag and that implementation of the 1904 resolution could wait until consideration was given to "adopt another which in our opinion is more appropriate". In 1908, Australian Army Military Order, No 58/08 ordered the

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also advises that the flag should only be flown during daylight hours, unless it is illuminated. Two flags should not be flown from the same flagpole. The flag should not be displayed upside down under any circumstances, not even to express a situation of distress. The flag is not to be placed or

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The National Flag must always be flown in a position superior to that of any other flag or ensign when flown in Australia or on Australian territory, and it should always be flown aloft and free. The flag must be flown in all government buildings and (where possible) displayed in or near polling

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to require any changes to the national flag design to be passed at a plebiscite along the same lines of the 1977 national song poll. In 2002 it also supplied ANFA's promotional video free to all primary schools and in 2004 required all schools receiving federal funds to fly the Australian flag.

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In the 1920s there was debate over whether the Blue Ensign was reserved for Commonwealth buildings only, culminating in a 1924 agreement that the Union Flag should take precedence as the National Flag with state and local governments henceforth able to use the blue ensign. As the Union Flag was

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Guidelines for flying the flag are laid out in the pamphlet "Australian Flags", which is infrequently published by the Australian Government. The guidelines say that the Australian National Flag is allowed to be flown on every day of the year, and that it "should be treated with the respect and

1167:, it should be recognisably at half-mast—for example, a third of the way down from the top of the pole. The Australian flag should never be flown half mast at night, unless directed to half-mast for an extended period. Days on which flags are flown at half-mast on government buildings include, 1332:

created in 1823–1824 by Captains John Nicholson and John Bingle. This flag consisted of a red cross on a white background, with an eight-point star on each of the four limbs of the cross, while incorporating a Union Jack in the canton. The most popular national flag of the period was the 1831

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that asked: "Do you think Australia should have a new design for our National Flag?" was supported by 29% of respondents and opposed by 66%, with 5% uncommitted. A 2013 survey found that 95 per cent of surveyed adults stated that they took pride in the national flag, which was enjoying

1609:... Minds move slowly: and Australia is still Britain's little boy. What more natural than that he should accept his father's cut-down garments, – lacking the power to protest, and only dimly realising his will. That bastard flag is a true symbol of the bastard state of Australian opinion. 2352: 1757:

had officially approved the design as the flag of Australia on 11 February 1903. The published version made all the stars in the Southern Cross seven-pointed and of equal size apart from the smallest—and is the same as the current design except for the six-pointed Commonwealth Star.

1800:"the Red Ensign is the flag to be flown by the public generally" and the federal government policy was "The flying of the Commonwealth Blue Ensign is reserved for Commonwealth Government use but there is no reservation in the case of the Commonwealth Merchant Flag, or Red Ensign". 1782:). A colourised version of a photograph held by the Australian War Memorial of the Armistice Day celebrations in Sydney's Martin Place, 11 November 1918, reveals both ensigns being displayed by the assembled crowd. Illustrations and photos of the opening of Australia's provisional 2458:

increasing popularity; half (50%) said they were extremely proud. Conversely, a 2016 self-selected non-weighted online survey from Western Sydney University found that 64% of the responders wanted the flag to change, with 36% wanting it to remain the same.

2375:, who publicly supported a change in the flag, saying "I do not believe that the symbols and the expression of the full sovereignty of Australian nationhood can ever be complete while we have a flag with the flag of another country on the corner of it." 1357:. It is the same as the National Colonial Flag, except that the white background in the three quadrants other the canton were replaced with four alternating blue and white stripes, representing the four major rivers that run into the Murray River. 1831:

Technically, private non-commercial vessels were liable to a substantial fine if they did not fly the British Red Ensign. However, an Admiralty Warrant was issued on 5 December 1938, authorising these vessels to fly the Australian Red Ensign. The

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in Melbourne and the judges took six days to deliberate before reaching their conclusion. Five almost identical entries were chosen as the winning design, and the designers shared the £200 (2021: $ 35,200) prize money, with £40 each. They were

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covering the flags of the world and containing coloured illustrations describes the red ensign as "Australia – Merchant" and omits the blue ensign altogether. A memo from the Prime Minister's Department dated 6 March 1939

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a huge "Blue Ensign," with the prize design of the Southern Cross and a six pointed star thereon, was run up to the top of the flagstaff on the dome, and breaking, streamed out on the heavy south-westerly breeze a brave and inspiriting

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remained the most popular Australian flag for public and even some official events. It was flown at the 1907 State Premiers conference in Melbourne and during the 1927 visit to Australia of the Duke and Duchess of York, the future

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was officially adopted in 1903. It was later modified to the current design on 8 December 1908, with the change from a six to a seven point Commonwealth Star. In 1954, the flag was recognised in legislation with the passage of the

3498: 1991:, which had been passed two months earlier. The monarch's assent was timed to coincide with the Queen's visit to the country and came after she had opened the new session of Parliament. The act confers statutory powers on the 1210:

The department provides an email service called the Commonwealth Flag Network, which gives information on national occasions to fly the flag at half-mast as well as national days of commemoration and celebration of the flag.

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standardised the size and shape of the four larger outer stars at seven points and each of the same size, leaving the smaller, more central star with five points. This change was officially gazetted on 23 February 1903.

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There have been mild but persistent debates over whether or not the Union Flag should be removed from the canton of the Australian flag. This debate has culminated on several occasions, such as the period preceding the

1508:—a Melbourne-based publication— suggested that entries incorporate a design based on the British ensigns and around the Southern Cross, noting that designs without these emblems were unlikely to be successful. After 2003:

By the mid-1980s, the Commonwealth Government no longer reminded Australians they had the right to fly the Union Flag alongside the National Flag or provided illustrations of how to correctly display them together.

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to appoint "flags and ensigns of Australia" and authorise warrants and make rules as to use of flags. Section 8 ensures that the "right or privilege" of a person to fly the Union Flag is not affected by the act.

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On the death of a distinguished Australian citizen in accordance with protocol. Flags in any locality may be flown at half-mast on the death of a notable local citizen or on the day, or part of the day, of their

1175:– from the time of announcement of the death up to and including the funeral. On the day the accession of the new sovereign is proclaimed, it is customary to raise the flag to the top of the mast from 11 am. 1884:

the Blue Ensign on special flag days, but not if it meant additional expense, which undermined the motion. The Blue Ensign could only be flown on a state government building if a state flag was not available.

674:, and any future territories. Another rationale for the change was to match the star used on the coat of arms, which was created in the same year. The Commonwealth Star does not have any official relation to 2452:

that asked: "Are you personally in favour or against changing the Australian flag so as to remove the Union Jack emblem?" was supported by 32% of respondents and opposed by 57%, with 11% uncommitted. A 2010

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a large seven-pointed white star (six representing the six states of Australia and one representing the territories) in the centre of the lower quarter next to the staff and pointing direct to the centre of

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before becomes too faded or too tattered, be taken down and perhaps offered to a museum or an art gallery as the seminal flag that flew over this building 100 years from the time the first flag was flown?

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On 3 September 1901, the new Australian flag flew for the first time from the dome of the Royal Exhibition Building in Melbourne. The names of the joint winners of the design competition were announced by

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It reads: "The Centenary Flag. Presented to the Hon John Howard MP, Prime Minister of Australia on behalf of the people of Australia by the Australian National Flag Association on 3 September 2001 at the

3180: 2230:, the Governor-General may proclaim flags other than the National Flag and the Red Ensign as flags or ensigns of Australia. Five flags have been appointed in this manner. The first two were the 1786:

in 1927 show Australian Ensigns flown alongside Union Flags. However, sources disagree on the colours of the Australian flags, leaving open the possibility that either ensign or both were used.

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As a result of the declaration of 3 September as Merchant Navy Day in 2008, the Red Ensign can be flown on land alongside the Australian national flag on this occasion as a matter of protocol.

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recognised as the National flag, it was considered disloyal to fly either ensign without the Union flag alongside, and it was the Union Flag that covered the coffins of Australia's war dead.

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are British, and taught what it is to be British'. Under Labor, 'I love my country' became 'I love my country, the British Empire', in the words accompanying the salute of the Union Jack.

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required the proclamations of these flags to be lodged in a Federal Register. Due to an administrative oversight they were not, and the proclamations were automatically repealed. The

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has no ensign of its own, but they are given the ceremonial task to be the defender of the National Flag. The Air Force and the Navy flew the appropriate British ensigns (the

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objects in displays, and all symbolic parts of the flag should be identifiable. It also must sit first (typically, left) where more than one flag is used. For this reason the

1893:"Australian Ensign" replace the Union Flag at all military establishments. From 1911 it was the saluting flag of the Australian army at all reviews and ceremonial parades. 4577:, Melbourne to commemorate the first flying of the Australian National Flag on 3 September 1901 attended by the Rt Hon Sir Edmund Barton MHR, Prime Minister of Australia." 4916: 5702: 2441:. The date of the release was met with some backlash, which Harold Scruby, Ausflag's executive director called "the lowest form of censorship". Following the release, 1250:, proposed to introduce laws banning desecration of the Australian flag, a call that attracted support from some parliamentarians both in his own party and the senior 2101: 1192:

On the death of the head of state of another country with which Australia has diplomatic relations – the flag would be flown at half-mast on the day of the funeral.

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action has ever been taken to determine the precise form of the flag or the circumstances of its use, and this bill has been brought down to produce that result.

4834: 2445:, then-prime minister and a former Ausflag director, told the group that the flag would never change, viewing it as an important symbol of Australian history. 4972: 3247: 670:, also known as the Federation Star, originally had six points, representing the six federating colonies. In 1908, a seventh point was added to symbolise the 2337:

and the Australian Federal Police Flag, eight Vice-Regal flags and nine state and territory flags that are recognised as official flags through other means.

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The Union Jack acknowledges the history of British settlement in Australia. Historically, it was included in the design as a demonstration of loyalty to the

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in the sky. Alpha was originally larger than Beta and Gamma whilst Delta was originally smaller than Beta and Gamma. In order to simplify manufacture, the

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sharing near identical flags). The similarity between the flag of Australia and those of other countries is often derived from a common colonial history.

1529:, a six-tailed kangaroo representing the six Australian states, and a kangaroo aiming a gun at the Southern Cross. The entries were put on display at the 2166: 3210: 2104:

and has been paraded at schools to mark Australian National Flag Day on a tour of the Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales and Queensland.

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This act also ended the confusion since 1901 as to whether the red ensign or the blue ensign was to be used, with the blue ensign designated as the

2196: 2429:, and holds flag design competitions, while ANFA's activities include promotion of the existing flag through events such as National Flag Day. On 6939: 5366: 2181: 7335: 5068: 2307:

was proclaimed in 2000. This flag is used to represent the Defence Force when more than one branch of the military is involved, such as at the

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held an official competition for a new federal flag in April. The competition attracted 32,823 entries, including those originally sent to the

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issued new proclamations dated 25 January 2008, with effect from 1 January 2008 (or 1 October 2006 in the case of the Defence Force Ensign).

1262:, rejected the calls, stating that "in the end I guess it's part of the sort of free speech code that we have in this country". In 2003, the 6031: 5495: 1414: 1346: 5530: 1206:

flags are flown at peak until 10:30 am, at half-mast from 10:30 am to 11:02 am, then at peak for the remainder of the day.

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speech that urged Federation, due to the "crimson thread of kinship" of a common British origin that connected the colonists together.

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In the 1940s, the federal government began to encourage public use of the blue ensign. Despite this, there remained confusion until the

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reaffirmed that the Australian Red Ensign was the proper colours for commercial ships over 24 metres (79 ft) in tonnage length.

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an inscription. The red stripe represents the "crimson thread of kinship of all peoples of Australia"; an idea sourced from a

1919:, that the government reminded them of the 1911 legislation. The British White Ensign was finally replaced by a distinctively 6453: 4259: 4175: 4022: 3484: 1924: 1779: 1739: 1247: 5103: 3899: 2899: 2828: 1464:

front cover signed by Egbert Nuttall, after the winning designers of the 1901 Federal Flag design competition were announced

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of the outer diameter. The flag's width is the measurement of the hoist edge of the flag (the distance from top to bottom).

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in 1854), featured the Southern Cross. The oldest known flag to show the stars arranged as they are seen in the sky is the

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visible in the Southern Hemisphere, and has been used to represent Australia since the early days of British settlement.

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on 26 January 1788. He first raised the Union Flag on 7 February 1788 when he proclaimed the Colony of New South Wales.

5964: 4340: 3094:(2nd ed.). Canberra: Department of the Special Minister of State, Australia; Australian Govt. Pub. Service. 1985. 2549: 1847: 493: 3141: 2038:

and some politicians attend or release statements to the media. Australian National Flag Day is not a public holiday.

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The Union Flag, as the flag of the British Empire, was first used on Australian soil on 29 April 1770 when Lieutenant

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1788 : the brutal truth of the First Fleet : the biggest single overseas migration the world has ever seen

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affirmed the Blue ensign as the National flag and in 1951 King George VI approved the Government's recommendation.

1937: 1754: 74: 5490: 2713:(3rd ed.). Barton ACT: Dept. of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. Awards and Culture Branch. 2006. p. 41. 2521:

According to a breakdown of the figures, 41% said they were "strongly" opposed, more than favoured change overall.

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in 1989, 1990, 1991 and 1992 to ban desecration, but on each occasion the bill lapsed. In 2002, the leader of the

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on 1 January 1901, and following receipt of a request from the British government to design a new flag, the new

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A colour lithograph by an unknown artist of the opening of provisional parliament house in Canberra, 9 May 1927

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of the Australian flag a crime. In 1953, during the second reading debate on the Flags Bill, the leader of the

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flag has been transported across the country for flying in every state and territory. It was later used on

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without support from Howard and subsequently lapsed. In 2006, following a flag-burning incident during the

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The competition-winning designs were submitted to the British Colonial Secretary in 1902. Prime Minister

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on 20 September 1962 and was only flown when she visited Australia. It was used in a similar way as the

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scheme, but when printed -the Pantone number- it is the same: Australia (Pantone 280C, Hex: 00008B) vs.

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Commonwealth, Parliamentary Debates, House of Representatives, 18 September 2001, 30853 (Paul Neville)

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Australia. Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. Awards and National Symbols Branch. (2000).

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Australia. Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. Awards and National Symbols Branch. (2000).

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had to reverse its logo, which previously featured the flag until a logo refresh at the end of 2017.

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Commonwealth, Parliamentary Debates, House of Representatives 20 November 1953, 367, (Bob Menzies).

3369: 2391: 2113: 1863: 1239: 263: 1742:) and she unfurled the flag for the first time. Since 1996 this date has been officially known as 7350: 7201: 7102: 7097: 7067: 6949: 6758: 6621: 6373: 6161: 6137: 5636: 5346: 5326: 4115: 3356: 2941: 2288:, this recognition caused a small amount of controversy at the time, with then opposition leader 1920: 1868: 1513: 1509: 679: 561: 397: 382: 4544: 4542: 4540: 4538: 3530: 3528: 3259: 2433:

in 2018, Ausflag released an alternative design of the flag without the Union Jack, featuring a

1486: 7022: 6926: 6281: 5959: 5737: 5692: 5549: 5331: 5295: 4941: 3811: 3245:

Bills Digest No. 42 2003–04, Protection of Australian Flags (Desecration of the Flag) Bill 2003

2425:

Ausflag periodically campaigns for flag change in association with national events such as the

2368: 2346: 2297: 2293: 2255: 1496: 1372: 1227: 456: 445: 409: 252: 5418: 3513: 2653:"Elizabeth Kwan "National Parliament, National Symbols: From British to Australian Identity*"" 911: 7320: 7228: 6964: 6816: 6561: 6418: 5732: 5712: 5270: 5186: 4535: 4274: 4272: 4140: 4138: 4136: 4134: 3980: 3978: 3976: 3758: 3756: 3754: 3752: 3750: 3693: 3691: 3689: 3687: 3685: 3683: 3681: 3662: 3637: 3635: 3633: 3606: 3570: 3568: 3566: 3564: 3562: 3549: 3547: 3545: 3543: 3525: 3417: 3415: 3413: 3411: 3313: 3123: 3121: 3119: 3062: 3060: 3047: 3045: 3043: 3041: 3039: 3037: 3035: 3033: 2239: 1913: 1897: 1812: 1770: 1697: 1582: 1251: 1179: 1172: 649: 553: 402: 306: 280: 275: 51: 4061: 678:, despite the latter's brightness and location in the sky; however, the 1870 version of the 7142: 6383: 6070: 6024: 4929: 4879: 4795: 4783: 4603: 3391:"ParlInfo - Protection of the Australian National Flag (Desecration of the Flag) Bill 2006" 2871:. Snooks & Co. (6th ed.). Canberra: John Wiley & Sons Australia. p. 299. 2688: 2686: 2684: 2682: 2680: 2678: 2426: 2360: 2024: 1876: 1721: 1234:, unsuccessfully called for provisions to be added to the bill to criminalise desecration. 945: 629: 334: 247: 216: 4269: 4131: 3973: 3947: 3747: 3735: 3678: 3630: 3559: 3540: 3408: 3225: 3116: 3072: 3057: 3030: 2742: 2608: 926:

Under the Flags Act, the Australian National Flag must meet the following specifications:

8: 7127: 7082: 7007: 6521: 6433: 5880: 5846: 5776: 5616: 4514: 3018: 3006: 2387: 1791: 1605:

a staled réchauffé of the British flag, with no artistic virtue, no national significance

1271: 392: 367: 311: 2675: 2088:

On 18 September 2001 during the centenary of federation the federal member for Hinkler,

2015:

in 1988. Subsequently, the flag was displayed in the Senate for the first time in 1992.

1635: 1628: 868:

Construction sheet for the flag of Australia. The length of the flag is twice the width.

6846: 6778: 6773: 6636: 6149: 6000: 5341: 3455: 1867:

The Australian flag and the Union Jack embellishing the Victoria Cross Memorial in the

1535: 1325: 1320:

The Union Flag at that stage was the one introduced in 1606, which did not include the

710: 698: 671: 414: 387: 377: 357: 329: 324: 187: 1968:

When the Flags Bill was introduced into parliament on 20 November 1953, Menzies said,

1948:

year allowing Australians to use either ensign providing it was done so respectfully.

1621: 7175: 7170: 7112: 7087: 6906: 6866: 6506: 6207: 6192: 5428: 5382: 4227: 4171: 3490: 3480: 3447: 3255: 3105: 3095: 2915: 2905: 2882: 2872: 2844: 2834: 2797: 2773: 2724: 2714: 2632: 2545: 2434: 2073: 1428: 1350: 1182:

by special command of the Sovereign and/or by direction of the Australian Government.

963: 918: 714: 667: 606: 530: 372: 257: 160: 156: 4292: 2007:

In 1977, the Australian flag was first displayed in the House of Representatives in

1494:

As Federation approached, thoughts turned to an official federal flag. In 1900, the

7193: 7160: 7132: 6982: 6896: 6881: 6748: 6743: 6596: 6551: 6234: 6217: 6180: 6173: 6043: 6007: 5983: 5911: 5904: 5601: 5572: 5413: 5408: 5403: 5351: 4256: 2475: 2442: 2000:

from 1968 to 1982 to encourage Australians to give the Australian flag precedence.

1547: 1501: 1476: 1353:, popular since the 1850s, is still widely used by boats that traverse Australia's 1223: 746: 476: 183: 5798: 5167:"Survey finds 'Southern Horizon' the favourite alternative Australian flag design" 4337: 1394: 733:

The colours of the flag, although not specified by the Flags Act, have been given

7291: 7156: 7072: 6954: 6891: 6821: 6705: 6443: 6246: 6156: 6132: 5928: 5807: 5752: 5651: 5280: 5107: 5028: 4979: 4923: 4904: 4838: 4521: 4299: 4263: 4197: 3954: 3935: 3907: 3251: 2247: 2069: 1342: 1203: 1157: 750: 702: 565: 4091:. Vol. 66, no. 3. Washington: National Geographic Society. p. 374 3370:"Protection of the Australian National Flag (Desecration of the Flag) Bill 2006" 3317: 1927:). Despite the new Australian flags official use, from 1901 until the 1920s the 529:

in the upper hoist quarter—augmented with a large white seven-pointed star (the

471: 43: 7027: 6978: 6836: 6831: 6271: 5971: 5865: 5858: 5727: 5646: 5069:"Malcolm Turnbull says Australian flag will never change, rejecting new design" 4220: 4119:. Vol. LXXXIX, no. 25, 926. South Australia. 6 March 1924. p. 11 2589: 2438: 2395: 1987: 1962: 1880: 1708: 1310: 1275: 1231: 1053: 952: 902: 706: 690: 683: 660: 598: 571: 538: 301: 168: 5443: 5021: 4641:

Ian Warden, 'How cricketing animals were kept off Australia's national flag',

3806: 3357:

Protection of the Australian National Flag (Desecration of the Flag) Bill 2006

1280:

Protection of the Australian National Flag (Desecration of the Flag) Bill 2006

1152: 7304: 7224: 6997: 6969: 6673: 6591: 5641: 5631: 5621: 5611: 4344: 4231: 4110: 3494: 3451: 3304: 2430: 1750: 932: 864: 694: 675: 541:

and four, larger, seven-pointed stars). Australia also has a number of other

514: 56: 4947: 4935: 4885: 4801: 4789: 4548: 4278: 4144: 3997: 3984: 3762: 3741: 3697: 3657: 3641: 3612: 3574: 3553: 3534: 3519: 3421: 3231: 3127: 3109: 3078: 3066: 3051: 3024: 3012: 2919: 2886: 2848: 2728: 2692: 2614: 2534: 1900:(RAN) was promulgated on 5 October 1911 and was directed to fly the British 230: 6700: 6576: 6097: 6080: 6019: 5834: 5722: 5674: 5596: 4599: 2497: 2372: 2266: 2251: 2210: 2061: 1982: 1978: 1901: 1889: 1354: 1267: 1235: 1027: 1011: 969: 753:

specifications for depicting the flag in print and on screen respectively.

60: 4310:

George Odgers, "The Royal Australian Navy – An Illustrated History", p. 41

3929:

National Parliament, National Symbols: From British to Australian Identity

3841:. Vol. 22, no. 1128. Sydney, N.S.W. 28 September 1901. p. 9 3474: 2284:

were also appointed flags of Australia. While mainly seen as a gesture of

1696:

The original, official painting of the opening of Old Parliament House by

1128: 6921: 6728: 6358: 5841: 5505: 5500: 3776: 3652: 3650: 2454: 2410: 2289: 1952: 1559: 1400: 1338: 1314: 1306: 1259: 985: 807: 522: 153: 3459: 3435: 3170: 2051:

On the centenary of the first flying of the flag, 3 September 2001, the

6144: 5995: 4170:. Sydney: University of New South Wales university press. p. 106. 1852: 1302: 1298: 886: 602: 581: 552:

on 3 September 1901, after being selected alongside a red version (the

526: 139: 3957:. Australian National Flag Association. Retrieved on 24 November 2014. 3834: 3647: 2483: 2398:(despite the counter argument that this is not uncommon, as seen with 2100:

The parliament house centenary flag was subsequently entrusted to the

1090:

of the flag's width, while that of the stars in the Southern Cross is

721:

A complete specification for the official design was published in the

6861: 5817: 5210: 5192: 4190: 2029:

In 1996, 3 September was proclaimed as Australian National Flag Day.

1933: 1909: 1905: 1856: 1825: 1591:

people of the Commonwealth will gaze with a thrill of national pride.

1539: 1196: 1164: 1137:

dignity it deserves as the nation's most important national symbol".

518: 3666:. No. 17, 207. Victoria, Australia. 4 September 1901. p. 9 2355:

A poster calling for a redesign of the Australian flag, released by

6546: 6501: 6340: 6229: 6168: 5899: 5541: 2503:

Historical flags of the British Empire and the overseas territories

2449: 2351: 2030: 1555: 1470: 1100:

of the flag's width, except for Epsilon, for which the fraction is

643: 3815:. No. 2383. Victoria, Australia. 7 September 1901. p. 26 1811:

specified the Blue Ensign as the Australian National Flag and the

1542:; Leslie John Hawkins, a teenager apprenticed to an optician from 1454: 1185:

On the death of the governor-general or a former governor-general.

6241: 5923: 2399: 2379: 2356: 2055:

presented the then prime minister John Howard with a flag at the

1803: 1567: 1526: 785: 737:

specifications by the Parliamentary and Government Branch of the

734: 653: 639: 633: 4168:

Flag and nation: Australians and their national flags since 1901

2794:

Flag and Nation: Australians and their national flags since 1901

6516: 6266: 5853: 2770:

The Australian flag : colonial relic or contemporary icon?

2629:

The Australian flag : colonial relic or contemporary icon?

2077: 2034: 1543: 5800:

National, regional and city flags incorporating the Union Jack

2382:(established 1981), which supports changing the flag, and the 2329:, there are three additional Australian Government flags, the 4693:

Sarah Harvey, 'Now that's a flag! Students salute big flag',

3171:

Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet (11 November 2022).

2011:. It continued to be displayed in the chamber on the opening 1778:

by armed forces during the First and Second World Wars (see:

1551: 617: 6092: 5829: 5031:. Anbg.gov.au (20 November 2007). Retrieved on 27 May 2011. 2403: 1504:(A$ 4,400 in 2021 terms). The competition conducted by the 1274:

and a burnt flag display by a Melbourne artist, Liberal MP

832: 534: 2072:

in 2003 for the opening of the Australian War Memorial in

1879:

at St Louis in 1904. In the same year, due to lobbying by

5130:"Aussie pride: what Australians love about their country" 4218: 802: 2378:

There are two lobby groups involved in the flag debate:

1888:

approached by the Department of Defence, Prime Minister

4654:'Students celebrate as the Australian flag turns 103', 4054:"The Flag Debate: Red or blue – A question of evidence" 3904:

National Archives of Australia: Flags Act 1953: History

3436:"The Territorial Boundaries of New South Wales in 1788" 1438: 4858:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 25 January 2022 4706:

Chris Owen, 'Ensign flags a very special Aussie day',

1479:, one of the winning designers for the Australian flag 597:

The Australian flag uses three prominent symbols: the

4765:"Her Majesty the Queen's Personal Flag for Australia" 2594:

Australian Government Federal Register of Legislation

2535:

Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (2022).

1977:

This status was formalised on 14 February 1954, when

7223: 5022:

The Australian Flag – Similar and Related Flags

4898:

Explanatory Statement accompanying 2008 proclamation

4580: 3970:, University of New South Wales press, 2006, p. 106. 2465: 2222:

flags as they are often displayed at official events

1700:, showing numerous Red Ensigns alongside Union Flags 1546:; Egbert John Nuttall, an architect from Melbourne; 1586:newspaper was also celebratory in nature, stating, 1565:The flag's initial reception was mixed. Readers of 548:The original version of the flag first flew as the 190:, Lesley Hawkins, Egbert Nutall and William Stevens 5106:. Roy Morgan Research. 13 May 2010. Archived from 4347:. Home.alphalink.com.au. Retrieved on 27 May 2011. 3303: 2325:In addition to the seven flags declared under the 2083: 1500:conducted a design competition with a prize of 25 5104:"Clear Majority Want to Keep the Australian flag" 4948:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 4936:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 4886:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 4802:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 4790:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 4549:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 4279:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 4145:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 3985:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 3897: 3763:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 3742:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 3698:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 3642:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 3613:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 3575:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 3554:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 3535:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 3520:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 3422:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 3232:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 3139: 3128:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 3079:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 3067:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 3052:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 3025:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 3013:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 2693:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 2615:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022 955:) in the half of the flag further from the staff. 120:(current seven-pointed Commonwealth Star version) 7302: 4917:Legislative Instruments enabled by the Flags Act 4257:History of the Australian national flag (Part 3) 2934:"Commercial use of the Australian National Flag" 1616: 4667:Annelie Hailes, 'Huge flag for a big country', 3243:Department of the Parliamentary Library. 2003. 2590:"Commonwealth of Australia Gazette 1908 No. 65" 1875:The Blue Ensign replaced the Union Jack at the 1828:in recognition of its historical significance. 1264:Australian flags (Desecration of the Flag) Bill 1080:The outer diameter of the Commonwealth Star is 580:and given priority for the first time over the 564:. A slightly simplified version as approved by 545:representing its people and government bodies. 2869:Style manual for authors, editors and printers 2620: 1904:on the stern and the flag of Australia on the 743:Style Manual for Authors, Editors and Printers 7209: 5784: 5557: 5226: 5189:—Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 3777:"Construction Details of the Australian flag" 3718:"How the Australian National flag was chosen" 3479:. North Sydney, NSW: Random House Australia. 2582: 1554:; and William Stevens, a ship's officer from 494: 6037:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands 4733:Cabinet, Prime Minister and (27 June 2016). 2938:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2772:. Sydney: Federation Press. pp. 29–30. 2572: 2570: 1595:Alternatively, the then republican magazine 1146:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 1014:– 7-pointed star, straight above centre fly 972:– 7-pointed star, straight below centre fly 930:the Union Jack occupying the upper quarter ( 739:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 537:constellation, made up of five white stars ( 5531:Parliament house centenary flag (Australia) 4990: 4988: 4680:'Special day flagged by Central students', 1842: 1753:announced in the Commonwealth Gazette that 614:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 542: 7216: 7202: 5791: 5777: 5564: 5550: 5233: 5219: 4221:"Commonwealth of Australia Gazette: GN 26" 4127:– via National Library of Australia. 3849:– via National Library of Australia. 3823:– via National Library of Australia. 3332:"New bill for desecrating Australian flag" 2866: 2417:and in 1998 sponsored an amendment to the 2046: 1199:the flag is flown at half-mast until noon. 873:Constituent parts of the flag of Australia 501: 487: 4832:Aboriginal Tent Embassy: Icon or Eyesore? 4812: 4810: 4266:. Flagspot.net. Retrieved on 27 May 2011. 4219:Commonwealth of Australia (2 July 2008). 4200:. Flagspot.net. Retrieved on 27 May 2011. 2993: 2991: 2989: 2567: 2143:Flag of the Governor-General of Australia 2107: 1761: 1222:There have been several attempts to make 966:– 7-pointed star, centred in lower hoist. 959:The location of the stars is as follows: 616:, the Union Flag combined three heraldic 612:In its original usage as the flag of the 4985: 4973:Question without Notice: Australian Flag 4559: 4557: 3177:Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet 2631:. Sydney: Federation Press. p. 18. 2350: 2209: 1862: 1846: 1802: 1765: 1720: 1490:Entries for the Federal Flag Competition 1485: 1151: 1127: 863: 4732: 4403: 4401: 4391: 4389: 4293:Source: Australian Army Military Orders 3893: 3891: 3889: 3887: 3885: 3883: 3774: 2833:. Barton, A.C.T.: The Dept. p. 5. 2544:(3rd ed.). Australian Government. 2371:, and during the Prime Ministership of 2145:(adopted 1936, modified circa 1950-60s) 14: 7303: 5240: 5207:—Includes the Federal Flag Competition 4958: 4956: 4807: 4658:(Acacia Ridge), 8 September 2004, p. 3 4598: 4479: 4243: 4241: 4082: 4076: 3623: 3621: 3586: 3270: 2986: 1324:; it was included from 1801 after the 7336:Flags that incorporate the Union Jack 7197: 5772: 5545: 5214: 5164: 4757: 4554: 4470:Elizabeth Kwan, Flag and Nation, 2004 3712: 3710: 3708: 3706: 3589:"Eureka Flag heralds winds of change" 2948:from the original on 15 November 2017 2862: 2860: 2858: 2767: 2705: 2703: 2701: 2626: 1925:Flags of the Australian Defence Force 1780:Flags of the Australian Defence Force 1538:, a fourteen-year-old schoolboy from 5571: 4844: 4745:from the original on 1 December 2017 4586: 4511:Australian National Flag Association 4398: 4386: 4203: 4165: 3880: 3472: 3433: 3301: 3271:Hudson, Phillip (16 November 2002). 3213:from the original on 4 December 2017 3173:"Flag announcement: Remembrance Day" 2384:Australian National Flag Association 2271:Royal Standard of the United Kingdom 2053:Australian National Flag Association 1955:issued a similar statement in 1947. 1725:First raising of the Australian flag 1445:1901 Federal Flag Design Competition 1439:1901 Federal Flag Design Competition 1313:established a convict settlement at 4953: 4359: 4322: 4313: 4238: 3871: 3853: 3618: 3142:"Ceremonial protocols and guidance" 2311:, and by the Minister for Defence. 2033:celebrations had been occurring in 951:five white stars (representing the 24: 5093:Source: Newspoll, 25 January 2004. 4645:(Canberra), 4 September 2002, p. 7 4455: 4350: 4083:Booker, Herbert (September 1934). 3775:Thomson, Jeff (10 November 2015). 3703: 3587:Wright, Clare (28 November 2014). 3305:"Bid to ban burning of flag fails" 3302:Farr, Malcom (17 September 2003). 3183:from the original on 7 August 2023 3152:from the original on 7 August 2023 2926: 2855: 2698: 2041: 229: 167:quarter and the five stars of the 25: 7372: 7326:Flags adopted through competition 6448:Flags inspired by the Union Jack 5491:Prime Minister Sir Robert Menzies 5203:Review of Reviews for Australasia 5180: 4621:Commonwealth of Australia Gazette 4499:Commonwealth of Australia Gazette 3501:from the original on 18 July 2021 3283:from the original on 2 March 2007 2814:Commonwealth of Australia Gazette 2577:Commonwealth of Australia Gazette 2561:from the original on 17 May 2023. 2236:Royal Australian Air Force Ensign 2173:Royal Australian Air Force Ensign 1506:Review of Reviews for Australasia 1292:Timeline of the flag of Australia 7316:1908 establishments in Australia 7285: 7169: 7155: 7141: 7126: 7111: 7096: 7081: 7066: 7058:Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla 7051: 7036: 7021: 7006: 6991: 6977: 6963: 6948: 6934: 6920: 6905: 6890: 6875: 6860: 6845: 6830: 6815: 6800: 6786: 6772: 6757: 6742: 6727: 6699: 6668: 6635: 6620: 6590: 6575: 6560: 6545: 6530: 6515: 6476: 6464: 6452: 6438: 6428: 6388: 6378: 6368: 6357: 6335: 6302: 6290: 6265: 6240: 6228: 6216: 6191: 6179: 6167: 6155: 6143: 6131: 6091: 6079: 6054: 6042: 6030: 6018: 6006: 5994: 5982: 5970: 5958: 5946: 5934: 5922: 5910: 5898: 5864: 5852: 5840: 5828: 5816: 5526:Queen's Personal Australian Flag 5158: 5122: 5096: 5087: 5061: 5052: 5043: 5034: 5015: 5006: 4997: 4965: 4910: 4891: 4870: 4819: 4726: 4713: 4700: 4687: 4674: 4661: 4648: 4635: 4626: 4614: 4592: 4566: 3674:– via National Library of. 2749:from the original on 16 May 2013 2596:. 19 December 1908. p. 1709 2515: 2482: 2468: 2331:Australian Civil Aviation Ensign 2316:Legislative Instruments Act 2003 2309:Australian Defence Force Academy 2292:describing it as divisive. Some 2263:Queen's Personal Australian flag 2195: 2190:(designed 1971, proclaimed 1995) 2180: 2165: 2150: 2135: 2120: 2092:, requested to the speaker that 1912:after its use for the review of 1707: 1689: 1677:As the design was basically the 1663: 1655: 1647: 1646:competition winning design 1634: 1627: 1620: 1469: 1453: 1421: 1407: 1393: 1379: 1365: 1178:On the death of a member of the 1156:Australian flag at half-mast on 1110:. Each star's inner diameter is 910: 894: 877: 470: 73: 68: 63: 42: 5496:Anti-Transportation League Flag 5165:Smith, Mark (26 January 2016). 4526: 4504: 4492: 4473: 4464: 4446: 4431: 4416: 4377: 4368: 4331: 4304: 4284: 4250: 4212: 4184: 4159: 4150: 4103: 4046: 4037: 4015: 3990: 3960: 3941: 3922: 3862: 3827: 3799: 3781:FOTW Flags Of The World website 3768: 3580: 3466: 3427: 3383: 3362: 3350: 3324: 3295: 3273:"PM defends right to burn flag" 3264: 3237: 3195: 3164: 3133: 3084: 2960: 2893: 2822: 2807: 2786: 2490:Heraldry and Vexillology portal 2409:The Coalition government under 2305:Australian Defence Force Ensign 2203:Australian Defence Force Ensign 2084:Parliament house centenary flag 1662:As approved by King Edward VII 1654:Blue version of winning design 1415:Anti-Transportation League Flag 1347:Anti-Transportation League Flag 1305:. Following the arrival of the 1290:For a chronological guide, see 859: 693:is one of the most distinctive 622:countries of the United Kingdom 7341:Flags with blue, red and white 5953:British Indian Ocean Territory 5592:Federated States of Micronesia 4480:Madden, Cathy (22 June 2023). 4191:Commonwealth of Australia Flag 3146:Australian Government: Defence 2968:"Union Flag: approved designs" 2761: 2735: 2645: 2369:Australian Bicentenary in 1988 2340: 2296:, such as the flag's designer 1834:Shipping Registration Act 1981 1815:as the merchant shipping flag. 741:. The Australian Government's 533:) and a representation of the 13: 1: 7356:National symbols of Australia 5388:North Queensland (separatist) 4719:Iconic flag to tour Warwick, 3998:"Armistice Day, Sydney, 1918" 2528: 2359:in 2000 to coincide with the 2320:Governor-General of Australia 2175:(adopted 1949, modified 1982) 2130:(adopted 1935, modified 1948) 856:(Pantone 280C, Hex: 012169). 6792:British South Africa Company 5312:Australian Capital Territory 5281:Boxing Kangaroo (unofficial) 4829:, July 1995, p. 3, cited in 4515:History of National Flag Day 3092:The Australian National Flag 2904:. Barton, A.C.T.: The Dept. 2415:Australian National Flag Day 2335:Australian Border Force Flag 2232:Royal Australian Navy Ensign 2158:Royal Australian Navy Ensign 1851:The Australian flag and the 1744:Australian National Flag Day 1732:Hersey, Countess of Hopetoun 1341:(which came into use at the 1266:was tabled in Parliament by 682:featured the pointer stars, 138:and given priority over the 7: 6471:Newfoundland & Labrador 5941:British Antarctic Territory 4697:, p. 4 September 2012, p. 1 4623:No. S382, 20 September 2001 4604:"The Crimson Thread Speech" 3203:"Commonwealth Flag Network" 2743:"South Australia 1870–1876" 2461: 2282:Torres Strait Islander flag 2018: 1123: 539:one small five-pointed star 10: 7377: 6882:Gilbert and Ellice Islands 2972:www.college-of-arms.gov.uk 2344: 2244:Royal Australian Air Force 2188:Australian Aboriginal flag 2111: 2022: 1580:The report carried by the 1571:newspaper were told that, 1442: 1387:Australian Federation Flag 1289: 1285: 1163:When the flag is flown at 887:flag of the United Kingdom 728: 624:(as constituted in 1801): 592: 7282: 7261: 7235: 6717: 6685: 6653: 6608: 6500: 6493: 6483:St. Pierre & Miquelon 6424:List of New Zealand flags 6406: 6349: 6328: 6321: 6297:Somerset County, Maryland 6280: 6255: 6206: 6121: 6110: 6069: 5888: 5879: 5806: 5683: 5660: 5579: 5478: 5452: 5396: 5375: 5304: 5248: 5171:Western Sydney University 4671:, 4 September 2009, p. 33 4575:Royal Exhibition Building 3900:"Documenting a Democracy" 3593:The Sydney Morning Herald 3336:The Sydney Morning Herald 2214:The Australian national, 2057:Royal Exhibition Building 1531:Royal Exhibition Building 1217:Collingwood Football Club 1076:down from the centre fly. 831: 801: 784: 779: 777: 775: 773: 770: 709:, in decreasing order of 587: 194: 179: 148: 89: 81: 50: 41: 37: 7331:Flags introduced in 1901 6807:British Windward Islands 6414:List of Australian flags 6115:administrative divisions 6061:Turks and Caicos Islands 5743:Northern Mariana Islands 5521:Van Diemen's Land Ensign 5187:Australian National Flag 4710:, 3 September 2013, p. 2 4684:, 2 September 2010, p. 6 4501:No. S321, 28 August 1996 4166:Kwan, Elizabeth (2006). 3934:13 February 2014 at the 3434:King, Robert J. (1981). 2768:Foley, Carol A. (1996). 2627:Foley, Carol A. (1996). 2508: 2238:, the flags used by the 2114:List of Australian flags 1958:On 4 December 1950, the 1843:Status of the Union Jack 578:Australian National Flag 550:Commonwealth blue ensign 521:is based on the British 205:This article is part of 136:Australian National Flag 18:Australian National Flag 6764:British Leeward Islands 5708:Cocos (Keeling) Islands 5367:Governors of the States 5322:Cocos (Keeling) Islands 5012:Kwan, pp. 131–137. 4994:Kwan, pp. 138–139. 4978:6 February 2009 at the 4962:Kwan, pp. 125–129. 4922:12 January 2009 at the 4903:12 January 2009 at the 4852:"Who is Harold Thomas?" 4532:Kwan, pp. 136–138, 144. 4486:Parliament of Australia 4452:Kwan, pp. 104–105, 109. 4298:5 February 2012 at the 4196:26 January 2005 at the 4116:The Register (Adelaide) 3953:20 October 2014 at the 3898:Commonwealth Document. 3140:Australian Government. 2974:. College of Arms. 2023 2942:Government of Australia 2792:Kwan, Elizabeth. 2006. 2579:No. 8, 20 February 1903 2226:Under Section 5 of the 2102:Australian flag Society 2047:Centenary flag of state 1921:Australian White Ensign 1869:Queen Victoria Building 1514:Commonwealth Government 1322:Saint Patrick's Saltire 1050:up from the centre fly. 1008:up from the centre fly. 680:flag of South Australia 525:—a blue field with the 111:; 115 years ago 97:; 121 years ago 7262:National coats of arms 7043:Rhodesia and Nyasaland 6394:Taunton, Massachusetts 6364:Baton Rouge, Louisiana 5965:British Virgin Islands 5516:National Colonial Flag 5305:States and territories 5266:Torres Strait Islander 4971:Hansard. 2 June 1994. 4482:"Flags in the Chamber" 4338:The Status Of The Flag 3250:4 October 2013 at the 2363: 2347:Australian flag debate 2265:was approved by Queen 2256:Royal Air Force Ensign 2223: 2220:Torres Strait Islander 2108:Other Australian flags 2098: 1975: 1872: 1860: 1816: 1774: 1762:Blue versus red ensign 1726: 1611: 1593: 1578: 1491: 1373:National Colonial Flag 1330:National Colonial Flag 1258:. 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(2002). 1792:National Geographic 1460:The edition of the 1272:2005 Cronulla riots 1024:down from top edge. 686:and Beta Centauri. 638:The white diagonal 289:Arts and literature 134:(designated as the 34: 7346:Flags with cantons 7311:Flags of Australia 6852:East India Company 6779:British Somaliland 6507:independent states 6208:Canadian provinces 5337:Northern Territory 5242:Flags of Australia 5197:Flags of the World 5058:Kwan, p. 144. 5049:Kwan, p. 137. 5040:Kwan, p. 116. 4950:, pp. 46, 53. 4926:, ComLaw database. 4907:, ComLaw database. 4837:7 May 2006 at the 4816:Kwan, pp. 133–135. 4735:"Australian flags" 4721:Warwick Daily News 4643:The Canberra Times 4563:Kwan, pp. 140–141. 4111:"THE EMPIRE FLAGS" 4058:flagsociety.org.au 3522:, pp. 46, 60. 2944:. 17 August 2016. 2902:Australian symbols 2831:Australian symbols 2364: 2224: 1979:Queen Elizabeth II 1873: 1861: 1817: 1775: 1727: 1492: 1326:Acts of Union 1801 1161: 1134: 1056:– 5-pointed star, 1030:– 7-pointed star, 988:– 7-pointed star, 948:in the Union Jack; 885:Flags forming the 870: 672:Territory of Papua 650:St Patrick's Cross 235: 32: 7298: 7297: 7191: 7190: 7187: 7186: 7180: 7165: 7152: 7137: 7122: 7118:Southern Rhodesia 7107: 7092: 7077: 7062: 7047: 7032: 7017: 7002: 6987: 6974: 6959: 6944: 6931: 6916: 6901: 6886: 6871: 6856: 6841: 6826: 6811: 6796: 6783: 6768: 6753: 6738: 6710: 6678: 6646: 6631: 6601: 6586: 6571: 6556: 6541: 6526: 6402: 6401: 6317: 6316: 6198:Western Australia 6123:Australian states 6111:States, provinces 6106: 6105: 5766: 5765: 5758:Wallis and Futuna 5703:Clipperton Island 5661:Associated states 5539: 5538: 5362:Western Australia 5075:. 25 January 2018 4825:Harold Thomas in 4771:. 5 November 2014 4551:, pp. 35–36. 4177:978-0-86840-567-4 3615:, pp. 63–64. 3537:, pp. 60–62. 3486:978-1-74166-800-1 2435:Commonwealth Star 2294:Indigenous people 2205:(proclaimed 2000) 1734:(the wife of the 1675: 1674: 1671: 1670: 1550:, an artist from 1522:Review of Reviews 1518:Review of Reviews 1502:Australian pounds 1462:Review of Reviews 1429:Murray River Flag 1351:Murray River Flag 964:Commonwealth Star 946:St George's Cross 919:Commonwealth Star 849: 848: 715:British Admiralty 668:Commonwealth Star 648:The red diagonal 640:St Andrew's Cross 630:St George's Cross 607:Commonwealth Star 531:Commonwealth Star 511: 510: 220: 198: 197: 161:Commonwealth Star 123:8 April 1954 33:Flag of Australia 16:(Redirected from 7368: 7290: 7289: 7288: 7269:Sovereign states 7243:Sovereign states 7218: 7211: 7204: 7195: 7194: 7178: 7174: 7173: 7163: 7159: 7150: 7146: 7145: 7135: 7131: 7130: 7120: 7116: 7115: 7105: 7101: 7100: 7090: 7086: 7085: 7075: 7071: 7070: 7060: 7056: 7055: 7045: 7041: 7040: 7030: 7026: 7025: 7015: 7011: 7010: 7000: 6996: 6995: 6985: 6981: 6972: 6968: 6967: 6957: 6953: 6952: 6942: 6938: 6929: 6925: 6924: 6914: 6910: 6909: 6899: 6895: 6894: 6884: 6880: 6879: 6869: 6865: 6864: 6854: 6850: 6849: 6839: 6835: 6834: 6824: 6820: 6819: 6809: 6805: 6804: 6794: 6790: 6781: 6777: 6776: 6766: 6762: 6761: 6751: 6749:British Cameroon 6747: 6746: 6736: 6732: 6731: 6708: 6704: 6703: 6676: 6672: 6644: 6640: 6639: 6629: 6625: 6624: 6599: 6595: 6594: 6584: 6580: 6579: 6569: 6565: 6564: 6554: 6550: 6549: 6539: 6535: 6534: 6524: 6520: 6519: 6498: 6497: 6481: 6480: 6469: 6468: 6457: 6456: 6442: 6441: 6432: 6431: 6392: 6391: 6382: 6381: 6372: 6371: 6362: 6361: 6339: 6338: 6326: 6325: 6307: 6306: 6295: 6294: 6270: 6269: 6245: 6244: 6233: 6232: 6223:British Columbia 6221: 6220: 6196: 6195: 6184: 6183: 6172: 6171: 6160: 6159: 6148: 6147: 6136: 6135: 6119: 6118: 6096: 6095: 6084: 6083: 6059: 6058: 6049:Tristan da Cunha 6047: 6046: 6035: 6034: 6023: 6022: 6013:Pitcairn Islands 6011: 6010: 5999: 5998: 5989:Falkland Islands 5987: 5986: 5975: 5974: 5963: 5962: 5951: 5950: 5939: 5938: 5927: 5926: 5917:Ascension Island 5915: 5914: 5903: 5902: 5886: 5885: 5869: 5868: 5857: 5856: 5845: 5844: 5833: 5832: 5821: 5820: 5808:Sovereign states 5793: 5786: 5779: 5770: 5769: 5748:Pitcairn Islands 5718:French Polynesia 5698:Christmas Island 5627:Papua New Guinea 5607:Marshall Islands 5580:Sovereign states 5573:Flags of Oceania 5566: 5559: 5552: 5543: 5542: 5465:Air Force Ensign 5397:Cities and towns 5317:Christmas Island 5286:Governor-General 5235: 5228: 5221: 5212: 5211: 5175: 5174: 5162: 5156: 5155: 5153: 5151: 5145: 5139:. 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6396: 6386: 6376: 6366: 6353: 6351: 6347: 6346: 6344: 6343: 6332: 6330: 6323: 6319: 6318: 6315: 6314: 6312: 6311: 6299: 6286: 6284: 6278: 6277: 6275: 6274: 6261: 6259: 6253: 6252: 6250: 6249: 6237: 6225: 6212: 6210: 6204: 6203: 6201: 6200: 6188: 6176: 6164: 6152: 6140: 6127: 6125: 6116: 6108: 6107: 6104: 6103: 6101: 6100: 6088: 6075: 6073: 6067: 6066: 6064: 6063: 6051: 6039: 6027: 6015: 6003: 5991: 5979: 5977:Cayman Islands 5967: 5955: 5943: 5931: 5919: 5907: 5894: 5892: 5890:United Kingdom 5883: 5877: 5876: 5874: 5873: 5871:United Kingdom 5861: 5849: 5837: 5825: 5812: 5810: 5804: 5803: 5796: 5795: 5788: 5781: 5773: 5764: 5763: 5761: 5760: 5755: 5750: 5745: 5740: 5738:Norfolk Island 5735: 5730: 5725: 5720: 5715: 5710: 5705: 5700: 5695: 5693:American Samoa 5689: 5687: 5681: 5680: 5678: 5677: 5672: 5666: 5664: 5663:of New Zealand 5658: 5657: 5655: 5654: 5649: 5644: 5639: 5634: 5629: 5624: 5619: 5614: 5609: 5604: 5599: 5594: 5589: 5583: 5581: 5577: 5576: 5569: 5568: 5561: 5554: 5546: 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4385: 4376: 4374:Kwan, pp.96–97 4367: 4358: 4349: 4330: 4321: 4312: 4303: 4283: 4268: 4249: 4237: 4226:. p. 22. 4211: 4202: 4183: 4176: 4158: 4149: 4130: 4102: 4075: 4045: 4036: 4014: 4002:www.awm.gov.au 3989: 3972: 3959: 3940: 3921: 3910:on 2 June 2008 3879: 3870: 3861: 3852: 3826: 3798: 3767: 3746: 3734: 3702: 3677: 3646: 3629: 3617: 3605: 3579: 3558: 3539: 3524: 3512: 3485: 3465: 3426: 3407: 3382: 3361: 3349: 3323: 3294: 3263: 3236: 3224: 3207:www.pmc.gov.au 3194: 3163: 3132: 3115: 3100: 3083: 3071: 3056: 3029: 3017: 3005: 2998:Flags Act 1953 2985: 2959: 2925: 2910: 2892: 2877: 2854: 2839: 2821: 2806: 2785: 2778: 2760: 2734: 2719: 2697: 2674: 2657:www.aph.gov.au 2644: 2637: 2619: 2607: 2581: 2565: 2564: 2563: 2551:978-0642471345 2550: 2530: 2527: 2524: 2523: 2513: 2512: 2510: 2507: 2506: 2505: 2500: 2494: 2493: 2479: 2463: 2460: 2439:Southern Cross 2345:Main article: 2342: 2339: 2286:reconciliation 2228:Flags Act 1953 2208: 2207: 2201: 2194: 2192: 2186: 2179: 2177: 2171: 2164: 2162: 2160:(adopted 1967) 2156: 2149: 2147: 2141: 2134: 2132: 2126: 2119: 2112:Main article: 2109: 2106: 2085: 2082: 2048: 2045: 2043: 2040: 2023:Main article: 2020: 2017: 1988:Flags Act 1953 1963:Robert Menzies 1960:Prime Minister 1934:King George VI 1881:Richard Crouch 1844: 1841: 1821:Flags Act 1953 1809:Flags Act 1953 1763: 1760: 1713: 1706: 1705: 1704: 1695: 1688: 1687: 1686: 1685: 1684: 1679:Victorian flag 1673: 1672: 1669: 1668: 1660: 1652: 1640: 1639: 1632: 1625: 1475: 1468: 1467: 1459: 1452: 1451: 1450: 1449: 1448: 1443:Main article: 1440: 1437: 1433: 1432: 1427: 1420: 1418: 1413: 1406: 1404: 1399: 1392: 1390: 1385: 1378: 1376: 1371: 1364: 1361: 1360: 1359: 1311:Arthur Phillip 1287: 1284: 1276:Bronwyn Bishop 1244:National Party 1232:Arthur Calwell 1208: 1207: 1200: 1193: 1190: 1186: 1183: 1176: 1125: 1122: 1078: 1077: 1054:Epsilon Crucis 1051: 1025: 1009: 983: 967: 957: 956: 953:Southern Cross 949: 941: 936:) next to the 924: 923: 916: 909: 907: 903:Southern Cross 900: 893: 891: 883: 876: 874: 861: 858: 854:United Kingdom 847: 846: 844: 841: 838: 837:100%–80%–0%–0% 835: 829: 828: 826: 821: 816: 811: 799: 798: 796: 794: 791: 788: 782: 781: 778: 776: 774: 772: 768: 767: 765: 763: 761: 759: 730: 727: 707:Greek alphabet 695:constellations 691:Southern Cross 661:British Empire 657: 656: 646: 636: 599:Southern Cross 594: 591: 589: 586: 572:Flags Act 1953 543:official flags 535:Southern Cross 509: 508: 506: 505: 498: 491: 483: 480: 479: 467: 466: 465: 464: 459: 453: 448: 443: 438: 430: 429: 425: 424: 423: 422: 417: 412: 407: 406: 405: 400: 395: 390: 385: 375: 370: 365: 360: 352: 351: 347: 346: 345: 344: 343: 342: 337: 332: 327: 316: 315: 314: 304: 299: 291: 290: 286: 285: 284: 283: 278: 273: 272: 271: 266: 255: 250: 242: 241: 237: 236: 226: 225: 213: 212: 196: 195: 192: 191: 181: 177: 176: 169:Southern Cross 150: 146: 145: 144: 143: 121: 107: 91: 87: 86: 83: 79: 78: 54: 48: 47: 39: 38: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7373: 7362: 7359: 7357: 7354: 7352: 7349: 7347: 7344: 7342: 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6623: 6618: 6617: 6615: 6613: 6607: 6598: 6597:United States 6593: 6588: 6583: 6578: 6573: 6568: 6563: 6558: 6553: 6548: 6543: 6538: 6533: 6528: 6523: 6518: 6513: 6512: 6510: 6508: 6503: 6499: 6496: 6492: 6484: 6479: 6474: 6472: 6467: 6462: 6460: 6455: 6450: 6449: 6447: 6445: 6437: 6435: 6427: 6425: 6422: 6420: 6417: 6415: 6412: 6411: 6409: 6407:Miscellaneous 6405: 6395: 6387: 6385: 6377: 6375: 6367: 6365: 6360: 6355: 6354: 6352: 6350:United States 6348: 6342: 6334: 6333: 6331: 6327: 6324: 6320: 6310: 6305: 6300: 6298: 6293: 6288: 6287: 6285: 6283: 6279: 6273: 6268: 6263: 6262: 6260: 6258: 6254: 6248: 6243: 6238: 6236: 6231: 6226: 6224: 6219: 6214: 6213: 6211: 6209: 6205: 6199: 6194: 6189: 6187: 6182: 6177: 6175: 6170: 6165: 6163: 6158: 6153: 6151: 6146: 6141: 6139: 6134: 6129: 6128: 6126: 6124: 6120: 6117: 6109: 6099: 6094: 6089: 6087: 6082: 6077: 6076: 6074: 6072: 6068: 6062: 6057: 6052: 6050: 6045: 6040: 6038: 6033: 6028: 6026: 6021: 6016: 6014: 6009: 6004: 6002: 5997: 5992: 5990: 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5468: 5466: 5463: 5461: 5458: 5457: 5455: 5451: 5445: 5442: 5440: 5437: 5435: 5432: 5430: 5427: 5425: 5422: 5420: 5417: 5415: 5412: 5410: 5407: 5405: 5402: 5401: 5399: 5395: 5389: 5386: 5384: 5381: 5380: 5378: 5374: 5368: 5365: 5363: 5360: 5358: 5355: 5353: 5350: 5348: 5345: 5343: 5340: 5338: 5335: 5333: 5330: 5328: 5325: 5323: 5320: 5318: 5315: 5313: 5310: 5309: 5307: 5303: 5297: 5294: 5292: 5289: 5287: 5284: 5282: 5279: 5277: 5274: 5272: 5269: 5267: 5264: 5262: 5259: 5257: 5256:National flag 5254: 5253: 5251: 5247: 5243: 5236: 5231: 5229: 5224: 5222: 5217: 5216: 5213: 5206: 5204: 5200: 5198: 5194: 5191: 5188: 5185: 5184: 5172: 5168: 5161: 5142: 5138: 5131: 5125: 5109: 5105: 5099: 5090: 5074: 5070: 5064: 5055: 5046: 5037: 5030: 5026: 5023: 5018: 5009: 5000: 4991: 4989: 4981: 4977: 4974: 4968: 4959: 4957: 4949: 4944: 4938:, p. 44. 4937: 4932: 4925: 4921: 4918: 4913: 4906: 4902: 4899: 4894: 4888:, p. 41. 4887: 4882: 4873: 4857: 4853: 4847: 4841: 4840: 4836: 4833: 4828: 4822: 4813: 4811: 4804:, p. 38. 4803: 4798: 4792:, p. 52. 4791: 4786: 4770: 4766: 4760: 4744: 4740: 4736: 4729: 4722: 4716: 4709: 4703: 4696: 4690: 4683: 4677: 4670: 4664: 4657: 4651: 4644: 4638: 4629: 4622: 4617: 4609: 4605: 4601: 4600:Parkes, Henry 4595: 4588: 4583: 4576: 4569: 4560: 4558: 4550: 4545: 4543: 4541: 4539: 4529: 4523: 4519: 4516: 4512: 4507: 4500: 4495: 4487: 4483: 4476: 4467: 4458: 4449: 4443: 4439: 4434: 4428: 4424: 4419: 4413: 4409: 4404: 4402: 4395:Kwan, p. 106. 4392: 4390: 4380: 4371: 4362: 4353: 4346: 4345:archive.today 4342: 4339: 4334: 4325: 4316: 4307: 4301: 4297: 4294: 4287: 4281:, p. 69. 4280: 4275: 4273: 4265: 4261: 4258: 4253: 4244: 4242: 4233: 4229: 4222: 4215: 4209:Kwan, p. 113. 4206: 4199: 4195: 4192: 4187: 4179: 4173: 4169: 4162: 4153: 4147:, p. 66. 4146: 4141: 4139: 4137: 4135: 4118: 4117: 4112: 4106: 4090: 4086: 4079: 4063: 4059: 4055: 4049: 4040: 4024: 4018: 4003: 3999: 3993: 3987:, p. 42. 3986: 3981: 3979: 3977: 3969: 3963: 3956: 3952: 3949: 3944: 3937: 3933: 3930: 3925: 3909: 3905: 3901: 3894: 3892: 3890: 3888: 3886: 3884: 3874: 3865: 3856: 3840: 3836: 3830: 3814: 3813: 3808: 3802: 3795: 3782: 3778: 3771: 3765:, p. 65. 3764: 3759: 3757: 3755: 3753: 3751: 3744:, p. 36. 3743: 3738: 3723: 3719: 3713: 3711: 3709: 3707: 3700:, p. 64. 3699: 3694: 3692: 3690: 3688: 3686: 3684: 3682: 3665: 3664: 3659: 3653: 3651: 3644:, p. 63. 3643: 3638: 3636: 3634: 3624: 3622: 3614: 3609: 3594: 3590: 3583: 3577:, p. 61. 3576: 3571: 3569: 3567: 3565: 3563: 3556:, p. 62. 3555: 3550: 3548: 3546: 3544: 3536: 3531: 3529: 3521: 3516: 3500: 3496: 3492: 3488: 3482: 3478: 3477: 3469: 3461: 3457: 3453: 3449: 3445: 3441: 3437: 3430: 3424:, p. 60. 3423: 3418: 3416: 3414: 3412: 3396: 3392: 3386: 3371: 3365: 3358: 3353: 3337: 3333: 3327: 3319: 3315: 3311: 3306: 3298: 3282: 3278: 3274: 3267: 3261: 3257: 3253: 3249: 3246: 3240: 3234:, p. 18. 3233: 3228: 3212: 3208: 3204: 3198: 3182: 3178: 3174: 3167: 3151: 3147: 3143: 3136: 3130:, p. 23. 3129: 3124: 3122: 3120: 3111: 3107: 3103: 3101:9780644040464 3097: 3093: 3087: 3081:, p. 20. 3080: 3075: 3069:, p. 26. 3068: 3063: 3061: 3054:, p. 10. 3053: 3048: 3046: 3044: 3042: 3040: 3038: 3036: 3034: 3026: 3021: 3014: 3009: 3003: 2999: 2994: 2992: 2990: 2973: 2969: 2963: 2947: 2943: 2939: 2935: 2929: 2921: 2917: 2913: 2907: 2903: 2896: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2878:9780701636470 2874: 2870: 2863: 2861: 2859: 2850: 2846: 2842: 2840:9780642471314 2836: 2832: 2825: 2818: 2815: 2810: 2803: 2802:0-86840-567-1 2799: 2795: 2789: 2781: 2779:9781862871885 2775: 2771: 2764: 2748: 2744: 2738: 2730: 2726: 2722: 2720:9780642471345 2716: 2712: 2706: 2704: 2702: 2694: 2689: 2687: 2685: 2683: 2681: 2679: 2671: 2659:. 7 July 2007 2658: 2654: 2648: 2640: 2638:9781862871885 2634: 2630: 2623: 2616: 2611: 2595: 2591: 2585: 2578: 2573: 2571: 2566: 2557: 2553: 2547: 2540: 2539: 2533: 2532: 2518: 2514: 2504: 2501: 2499: 2496: 2495: 2491: 2485: 2480: 2477: 2466: 2459: 2456: 2451: 2446: 2444: 2440: 2436: 2432: 2431:Australia Day 2428: 2423: 2420: 2416: 2412: 2407: 2405: 2401: 2397: 2393: 2389: 2385: 2381: 2376: 2374: 2370: 2362: 2358: 2353: 2348: 2338: 2336: 2332: 2328: 2323: 2321: 2317: 2312: 2310: 2306: 2301: 2299: 2298:Harold Thomas 2295: 2291: 2287: 2283: 2279: 2276:In 1995, the 2274: 2272: 2268: 2264: 2259: 2257: 2253: 2249: 2245: 2241: 2237: 2233: 2229: 2221: 2217: 2212: 2204: 2198: 2193: 2189: 2183: 2178: 2174: 2168: 2163: 2159: 2153: 2148: 2144: 2138: 2133: 2129: 2123: 2118: 2117: 2115: 2105: 2103: 2097: 2093: 2091: 2081: 2079: 2075: 2071: 2065: 2063: 2058: 2054: 2039: 2036: 2032: 2026: 2016: 2014: 2010: 2005: 2001: 1997: 1994: 1990: 1989: 1984: 1980: 1974: 1969: 1966: 1964: 1961: 1956: 1954: 1949: 1945: 1941: 1939: 1935: 1930: 1926: 1922: 1918: 1917: 1911: 1907: 1903: 1899: 1894: 1891: 1885: 1882: 1878: 1877:Olympic Games 1870: 1865: 1858: 1854: 1849: 1840: 1837: 1835: 1829: 1827: 1822: 1814: 1810: 1805: 1801: 1799: 1794: 1793: 1787: 1785: 1781: 1772: 1768: 1759: 1756: 1752: 1751:Edmund Barton 1747: 1745: 1741: 1737: 1733: 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