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In shelled molluscs, the mantle is the organ that forms the shell, and adds to the shell to increase its size and strength as the animal grows. Shell material is secreted by the
153:
is a central feature of molluscan biology. This cavity is formed by the mantle skirt, a double fold of mantle which encloses a water space. This space contains the mollusk's
452:
137:, extend far beyond the main part of the body, forming flaps, double-layered structures which have been adapted for many different uses, including for example, the
307:
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875:
1259:
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chamber in most mollusks. In bivalves it is usually part of the feeding structure. In some mollusks the mantle cavity is a brood chamber, and in
199:, and this propels the animal very rapidly through the water. In gastropods it is used as a kind of "foot" for locomotion over the surface. In
301:
is off-white in color and partly visible under the shell. The head and foot are red, and the foot fringe is off-white with narrow black lines.
777:
133:. This anatomical structure in molluscs often resembles a cloak because in many groups the edges of the mantle, usually referred to as the
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530:
195:
The mantle is highly muscular. In cephalopods the contraction of the mantle is used to force water through a tubular siphon, the
103:
body wall which covers the visceral mass and usually protrudes in the form of flaps well beyond the visceral mass itself.
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1735:
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41:). The mantle is all that is visible behind the head: the outer body wall and the fins are all part of the mantle.
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488:
Daniel J Jackson, Carmel McDougall, Kathryn Green, Fiona
Simpson, Gert Wörheide & Bernard M Degnan. 2006.
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In species where the shell is small compared to the size of the body, more of the mantle shows. Shell-less
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This drawing shows that the mantle (in gray) covers the majority of the dorsal surface of the animal.
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there is a progressive loss of the shell and the mantle becomes the dorsal surface of the animal.
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have the mantle fully visible. The dorsal surface of the mantle is called the
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The mantle of many gastropods is usually fully or partially hidden inside the
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is a fleshy process adapted by its form to digging rather than to locomotion.
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the foot includes the entire ventral surface of the animal. The foot of the
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The words mantle and pallium both originally meant ‘cloak’ or ‘cape’; see
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A rapidly evolving secretome builds and patterns a sea shell
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268:, the Chinese cowry, showing its partially extended mantle.
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57:
434:, which is a part of the mantle in some groups of molluscs
453:
Encyclopædia
Britannica 2006 Ultimate Reference Suite DVD
451:"integument (molluscs)." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2009.
332:, while the ventral surface of the mantle is called the
340:, the mantle covers the whole back side of the body.
361:
is smooth, while the rest of the body is tubercled.
1804:
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771:
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212:
469:Slug (Pulmonata: Philomycidae) from Taiwan".
319:has a marginal line of orange-yellow colour.
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95:) is a significant part of the anatomy of
91:meaning mantle, robe or cloak, adjective
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14:
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1058:Flotation devices ("secondary fins")
538:
24:
1350:) → Juvenile → Subadult → Adult •
463:Tsai C.-L. & Wu S.-K. (2008).
49:The brightly coloured mantle of a
25:
1829:
1736:Reproductive system of gastropods
382:shows enormously developed mantle
176:The mantle cavity functions as a
53:protects it from bright sunlight.
1741:Respiratory system of gastropods
1656:Circulatory system of gastropods
1094:Hepatopancreas (digestive gland)
1017:
1011:
1005:
366:
352:The mantle and the head of this
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106:In many species of molluscs the
1063:Funnel–mantle locking apparatus
428:, which is formed by the mantle
283:with its mantle fully extended.
27:Part of the anatomy of molluscs
1681:Excretory system of gastropods
1671:Digestive system of gastropods
1250:Nuchal folds (occipital folds)
1245:Nuchal crest (occipital crest)
482:
445:
295:The mantle of the land snail
13:
1:
438:
313:The mantle of the nudibranch
1746:Sensory organs of gastropods
1711:Nervous system of gastropods
1356:Protoconch (embryonic shell)
7:
1777:Circumesophageal nerve ring
494:. BMC Biology 2006, 4:4. 0
419:
65:uses its mantle cavity for
10:
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216:
213:Formation of mollusc shell
184:and some bivalves such as
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401:with the shell removed.
375:Megapallifera mutabilis
110:of the mantle secretes
74:Mantle (disambiguation)
500:10.1186/1741-7007-4-40
412:
402:
235:of the mantle tissue.
69:
54:
42:
1337:Developmental stages:
1229:Spadix and antispadix
1113:Nephridia ("kidneys")
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217:Further information:
60:
48:
33:
239:Mantle of gastropods
72:For other uses, see
1701:Hypobranchial gland
1649:Internal soft parts
1573:External soft parts
1324:Squid giant synapse
83:(also known by the
1818:Cephalopod zootomy
1255:Occipital membrane
1128:Pericardial glands
823:Argonautid eggcase
473:Zoological Studies
413:
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70:
55:
43:
1800:
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1726:Oesophageal pouch
1585:Caudal mucous pit
1362:
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1193:Suckers and hooks
1136:
1135:
1118:Nidamental glands
1048:Dermal structures
1001:
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358:Bielzia coerulans
316:Felimida purpurea
281:Cypraea chinensis
265:Cypraea chinensis
112:calcium carbonate
16:(Redirected from
1825:
1716:Nidamental gland
1640:Suprapedal gland
1537:Other hard parts
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1375:
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1348:Doratopsis stage
1319:Squid giant axon
1238:Occipital region
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1089:Ctenidia (gills)
1084:Branchial hearts
1077:Internal anatomy
1041:External anatomy
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651:Other hard parts
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398:Haliotis asinina
387:
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336:. In the family
310:
298:Indrella ampulla
292:
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190:locomotory organ
131:mantle (vesture)
118:, and creates a
21:
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1813:Mollusc anatomy
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1691:Hancock's organ
1644:
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1503:Stromboid notch
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1315:Nervous system
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1260:Olfactory organ
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851:Belemnoid guard
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828:Nautiloid shell
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245:gastropod shell
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39:Loligo vulgaris
28:
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22:
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5:
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1696:Hepatopancreas
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1686:Gastric shield
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1630:Semper's organ
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1580:Caryophyllidia
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1493:Siphonal notch
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1488:Siphonal canal
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1306:Chromatophores
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1152:Brachial crown
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818:Ammonoid shell
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694:Gastric shield
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167:nephridiopores
146:
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67:jet propulsion
35:European squid
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1830:
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1787:Tyrian purple
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1367:
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1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1204:
1202:Buccal region
1200:
1194:
1191:
1187:
1184:
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1179:
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1145:
1139:
1129:
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1121:
1119:
1116:
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1111:
1109:
1108:Needham's sac
1106:
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1087:
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1079:
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985:
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977:
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965:
962:
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944:
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936:
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931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
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916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
900:
898:
894:
891:
887:
877:
874:
872:
871:Spirula shell
869:
867:
866:Gladius (pen)
864:
862:
859:
857:
856:Cirrate shell
854:
852:
849:
848:
846:
842:
834:
831:
830:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
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738:
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664:
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655:
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643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
628:
625:
623:
620:
618:
615:
613:
610:
608:
607:Prodissoconch
605:
603:
600:
598:
597:Pallial sinus
595:
593:
590:
588:
585:
583:
580:
578:
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563:
560:
558:
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541:
534:
529:
527:
522:
520:
515:
514:
511:
501:
497:
493:
492:
485:
479:(6): 759-766.
478:
475:
474:
470:
468:
460:
454:
448:
444:
433:
430:
427:
426:Mollusc shell
424:
423:
409:
405:
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393:
389:
388:
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219:Mollusc shell
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152:
151:mantle cavity
145:Mantle cavity
142:
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136:
135:mantle margin
132:
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36:
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19:
18:Mantle length
1599:
1453:Periostracum
1336:
1265:Nuchal organ
1164:Hectocotylus
1053:Fins (wings)
1027:
959:Body chamber
923:Periostracum
698:
602:Periostracum
592:Pallial line
489:
484:
476:
471:
466:
459:
447:
396:
380:Philomycidae
373:
356:
338:Philomycidae
333:
329:
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296:
280:
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175:
150:
148:
134:
128:
105:
99:: it is the
92:
88:
80:
78:
38:
1782:Trochophore
1767:Pseudofeces
1721:Odontophore
1676:Diverticula
1620:Pneumostome
1463:Planispiral
1352:Egg fossils
1311:Photophores
1274:Other parts
1219:Odontophore
1141:Head &
974:Phragmocone
740:Trochophore
735:Pseudofeces
567:Hinge teeth
467:Meghimatium
465:PDF "A New
259:The marine
182:cephalopods
178:respiratory
1807:Categories
1731:Osphradium
1706:Nephridium
1625:Rhinophore
1615:Parapodium
1544:Clausilium
1483:Selenizone
1473:Protoconch
1423:Body whorl
1286:Statocysts
1123:Osphradium
861:Cuttlebone
787:Cephalopod
730:Glochidium
704:Nephridium
677:Soft parts
562:Hinge line
439:References
229:epithelial
225:ectodermic
188:, it is a
163:osphradium
116:conchiolin
63:cuttlefish
51:giant clam
1762:Epiphragm
1666:Ctenidium
1554:Operculum
1549:Love dart
1513:Umbilicus
1478:Sculpture
1458:Peristome
1433:Columella
1396:Gastropod
1344:Paralarva
1171:Tentacles
984:Siphuncle
943:Umbilicus
928:Sculpture
833:Orthocone
689:Ctenidium
622:Sculpture
612:Resilifer
395:Photo of
334:hyponotum
261:gastropod
171:gonopores
124:sea slugs
108:epidermis
1595:Cnidosac
1413:Aperture
1209:Aptychus
1181:Dactylus
952:Internal
903:Aperture
896:External
889:Features
844:Internal
811:External
725:Abductin
668:Sea silk
617:Resilium
572:Ligament
420:See also
207:Bivalvia
197:hyponome
186:scallops
97:molluscs
1792:Veliger
1772:Torsion
1398:anatomy
1299:General
1099:Ink sac
964:Camerae
938:Sutures
789:anatomy
745:Veliger
542:anatomy
540:Bivalve
202:Patella
93:pallial
89:pallium
1635:Siphon
1605:Mentum
1600:Mantle
1590:Cerata
1564:Radula
1508:Suture
1428:Callus
1224:Radula
1176:Carpus
1033:funnel
1030:&
1028:Mantle
989:Whorls
913:Callus
876:Stylet
709:Siphon
699:Mantle
658:Byssus
642:Annuli
582:Lunule
557:Callus
432:Siphon
169:, and
139:siphon
101:dorsal
81:mantle
1755:Other
1610:Notum
1559:Pearl
1528:Whorl
1523:Varix
1518:Valve
1498:Spire
1468:Plait
1448:Nacre
1405:Shell
1340:Spawn
1186:Manus
1144:limbs
979:Septa
969:Nacre
933:Spire
918:Lirae
804:Types
796:Shell
718:Other
663:Pearl
632:Valve
627:Umbo
587:Nacre
549:Shell
378:from
330:notum
326:slugs
233:cells
155:gills
122:. In
120:shell
87:word
85:Latin
1661:Crop
1443:Lira
1418:Apex
1281:Eyes
1214:Beak
1159:Arms
1101:and
1068:Tail
908:Apex
637:Beak
577:Lira
354:slug
159:anus
149:The
114:and
79:The
61:The
1438:Lip
1103:ink
496:doi
173:.
1809::
1354:•
1342:→
477:47
247:.
231:)
192:.
165:,
161:,
157:,
141:.
1388:e
1381:t
1374:v
1346:(
779:e
772:t
765:v
532:e
525:t
518:v
502:.
498::
227:(
76:.
37:(
20:)
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