2338:
1834:
1592:
2314:
2326:
2290:
1581:
2278:
2362:
233:
2390:
163:
2143:
1822:
266:
1367:
1086:
750:
3945:
2376:
1375:
1806:
210:
3390:
2350:
1869:. Its main façade was completed in 1380 with a nave oriented northeast–southwest. A proposed expansion of the eastern transept would have transformed the church into an ambitiously massive basilica, the largest then in the world, with an east–west nave. However, the scarcity of funds, in part due to war and the Black Death, truncated the project. Two walls of this expanded eastern transept remain; through an internal staircase, visitors can climb for a grand view of the city.
195:
2128:
2302:
185:
1701:
32:
1814:
3570:
273:
240:
1842:
1220:
primarily through its wool industry, which was renowned throughout Europe. The city's strategic location along major trade routes further bolstered its prosperity, allowing Siena to establish trade networks that extended across Europe. This economic success was supported by a well-developed banking system and a strong guild structure that regulated various trades and professions.
1187:, known as the "Baptizer of the Sienese", who was punished by the Roman authorities governing Siena with the test of fire and boiling oil, imprisonment and finally beheading. During the Middle Ages he was therefore named patron saint of Siena, and the day of his liturgical anniversary came to mark the beginning of the "Contrada Year".
1223:
Politically, the
Republic of Siena was governed by a complex system of councils and magistrates, dominated by powerful noble families who competed for influence and control. The city's political structure evolved over time, with periodic reforms aimed at balancing power and maintaining stability.
1219:
The
Republic of Siena, established in the 12th century, was a vibrant and influential city-state during the medieval and Renaissance periods. Founded on principles of commerce and governance, Siena quickly became a significant player in the region's political landscape. Siena's economy thrived
1410:
Siena has a typical inland
Mediterranean climate. Average rainfall is 750 mm (29.5 in), with the maximum in November and the minimum in July. July is the hottest month, with an average temperature of 22.2 °C (72.0 °F), and January the coldest.
4526:
1175:
that he had been ridiculed with a fake funeral during his official visit to Saena Iulia, a small military colony in Tuscia. The Roman Senate decided to punish the main culprits and to severely call the
Sienese to greater respect for Roman authority.
1880:
with lion pedestals and biblical bas-relief panels. The inlaid marble mosaic floor of the cathedral, designed and laboured on by many artists, is among the most elaborate in Italy. The
Sacristy and Piccolomini library have well-preserved
1266:. The rivalry between Siena and Florence intensified throughout the 14th and 15th centuries, culminating in a series of wars known as the Italian Wars. These conflicts ultimately weakened Siena's political and economic position.
4521:
1532:(Palio) in the Piazza del Campo. There are 17 wards (contrada): Aquila, Bruco, Chiocciola, Civetta, Drago, Giraffa, Istrice, Leocorno, Lupa, Nicchio, Oca, Onda, Pantera, Selva, Tartuca, Torre, Valdimontone.
2166:
in
Italian. More than 50 kilometres (31 miles) of the race is run over dirt roads, usually country lanes and farm tracks twisting through the hills and vineyards of the Chianti region. The finish is on the
4412:
162:
751:
1247:. These artists, along with architects and scholars, contributed to the city's rich artistic and intellectual heritage. Siena's distinctive Gothic architecture, exemplified by the iconic
1303:, creating the Republic of Siena sheltered in Montalcino. It lived until 31 May 1559 when it was betrayed by the French allies, whom Siena had always supported, concluding with the
4634:
1144:, or coat of arms of Siena with a white band atop a dark band. Some claim the name Siena derives from Senius. Other etymologies derive the name from the Etruscan family name
3290:
4095:
1554:
run around the Piazza del Campo twice each year, on 2 July and 16 August. The event is attended by large crowds, and is widely televised. Ten randomly selected from 17
1423:
3123:
985:
The city is historically linked to commercial and banking activities, having been a major banking center until the 13th and 14th centuries. Siena is also home to the
2946:
2116:
1136:, after whom Rome was named. Supposedly after their father's murder by Romulus, they fled Rome, taking with them the statue of the she-wolf suckling the infants (
4462:
3976:
4198:
3097:
4328:
2106:
2096:
1029:
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1212:
which had been under the control of her family, the
Canossa, broke up into several autonomous regions. This ultimately resulted in the creation of the
1331:
1319:
2313:
4624:
3029:
2396:
1656:
1326:, keeping almost unchanged the division between the so-called Old State, i.e. Florence, and the New State, i.e. Siena and the southern part up to
1281:
in alliance with the
Spanish crown. After 18 months of resistance, Siena surrendered to Spain on 17 April 1555, marking the end of the republic.
2325:
2131:
2085:
houses the Siena Jazz School, with courses and concerts throughout the year, and a festival during the
International Siena Jazz Masterclasses.
2337:
1940:
horse race. The
Palazzo Pubblico, itself a great work of architecture, houses yet another important art museum. Included within the museum is
1651:, which was commissioned by the City of Siena in 1308, was instrumental in leading Italian painting away from the hieratic representations of
2231:
1486:
Vaccines. Novartis developed and produced vaccines and employed about a thousand people. In 2015, the research plant in Siena became part of
2389:
3510:
2277:
1915:(1308–11) and various other works by Sienese masters. More Sienese paintings are to be found in the Pinacoteca, e.g. 13th-century works by
1270:
986:
3665:
2558:
2067:
1528:) is represented by an animal or mascot and has its own boundary and distinct identity. Ward rivalries are most rampant during the annual
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3969:
3734:
4516:
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301:
4649:
3421:
2504:
2440:
1437:
977:
3298:
3260:
1422:
In 2009 agricultural activity comprised 919 companies with a total area of 10.755 square kilometres (4.153 sq mi) for a
3071:
2196:
4644:
4058:
3962:
3985:
3365:
3005:
1224:
However, internal rivalries often led to factionalism and occasional civil unrest, one of the main challenges faced by many
4619:
4082:
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1262:
Despite its cultural and economic prowess, the Republic faced external threats and conflicts, particularly from its rival
4654:
4220:
2706:
4477:
3505:
2361:
2171:, after a steep and narrow climb on the roughly paved Via Santa Caterina leading into the center of the medieval city.
1894:
232:
1833:
4505:
3484:
3344:
2971:
2848:
1792:
730:
115:
1773:
1730:
96:
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3101:
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2367:
172:
1745:
1140:), thus appropriating that symbol for the town. Additionally they rode white and black horses, giving rise to the
68:
4639:
3727:
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1482:. The Centenary Institute Sieroterapico Achille Sclavo used to be Swiss-owned, operating under the company name,
1255:, remains a testament to its cultural achievements during this period. During the golden age of Siena before the
990:
579:
265:
2584:
1335:
776:. Siena is the 12th largest city in the region by number of inhabitants, with a population of 53,062 as of 2022.
3530:
2034:
1726:
53:
3235:
3545:
3489:
3414:
1752:
1308:
75:
645:
4077:
3644:
3535:
3525:
2237:
2024:
2014:
1663:
1591:
1274:
561:
3156:
1304:
4240:
3479:
3098:"Climate Data from the University of Siena's Meteorological Station (1961–1990) – Achivio Climatico ENEA"
1994:
1980:
1334:, (1737), who had no children, the Medici dynasty ended and the Grand Duchy passed into the hands of the
432:
3124:"Novartis, gli stabilimenti di Siena passano a Glaxo entro marzo. E attacca il governo sulla maxi-multa"
3720:
1965:, located in a piazza of the same name, was the original headquarters and remains in possession of the
1759:
82:
3944:
2188:
4364:
4235:
1966:
1606:
Over the centuries, Siena has had a rich tradition of arts and artists. The list of artists from the
2656:
1093:. According to a legend, Siena was founded by Senius and Aschius, two sons of Remus. When they fled
4323:
4011:
3589:
3555:
3515:
3407:
3142:
2101:
2082:
1711:
1004:. Several significant Mediaeval and Renaissance painters were born and worked in Siena, among them
669:
3323:
1741:
64:
4446:
4436:
4371:
4168:
4159:
2891:
2250:
2019:
1862:
1715:
1503:
42:
2864:
2349:
1354:
uprisings, Siena was the first city in Tuscany, in 1859, to vote in favour of annexation to the
1046:, which contains several buildings from the 13th and 14th centuries. The city is famous for its
194:
4496:
4375:
3904:
3894:
3819:
3794:
3789:
3613:
3456:
2044:
1976:
1873:
1722:
1580:
1323:
1290:
49:
20:
4491:
3784:
3764:
3618:
3550:
3357:
2961:
2111:
1623:
1240:
1106:
1005:
540:
3712:
1273:, until he was ousted by a Sienese revolt, which reestablished the Sienese Republic. In the
4509:
4422:
4178:
3844:
3540:
2207:. From 1 January 2018 Siena Mobilità operated by virtue of the bridge contract between the
2029:
2004:
1906:
1886:
1263:
550:
2478:
1322:, who tried to create an organized state, were not able to give a stable structure to the
8:
4541:
4487:
4472:
4255:
3520:
2947:"Art and Architecture in Medieval Siena: Reverence and Rivalry in the City of the Virgin"
2788:
2301:
2208:
2199:, to manage the local public transport in Siena, in its province and regional service to
2192:
2155:
2089:
2075:
1999:
1973:
1941:
1916:
1866:
1680:
1569:
1472:
1244:
1225:
1043:
1021:
1017:
1009:
637:
436:
1419:
The main activities are tourism, services, agriculture, handicrafts and light industry.
4245:
3701:
3268:
3023:
2009:
1672:
1205:
1125:
440:
356:
1911:
1821:
1646:
184:
4340:
4041:
4032:
3824:
3753:
3686:
3628:
3361:
3340:
3011:
3001:
2967:
2844:
2219:
1961:
1953:
1619:
1555:
1519:
1487:
1464:
1347:
1278:
1213:
1196:
1080:
773:
392:
361:
2681:
2445:
2411:
2142:
2088:
In the neighbourhood are numerous patrician villas, some of which are attributed to
4659:
4432:
4417:
4155:
4063:
4001:
3929:
3874:
3804:
3779:
3670:
3623:
3594:
2814:
2474:
2168:
2071:
1933:
1929:
1924:
1902:
1766:
1631:
1366:
1355:
1252:
1232:
1209:
1180:
1097:, they took the statue of the She-wolf to Siena, which became a symbol of the town.
1063:
744:
704:
600:
412:
344:
168:
89:
3291:"Atlas français de la coopération décentralisée et des autres actions extérieures"
1085:
4522:
Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe
4407:
4389:
4290:
4117:
4071:
3993:
3451:
3351:
2060:
1882:
1851:
1315:
1137:
471:
448:
424:
404:
3954:
2631:
4629:
4285:
4067:
3889:
3859:
3696:
3691:
2533:
2151:
1949:
1826:
1684:
1642:
1615:
1607:
1547:
1541:
1468:
1248:
1059:
1013:
757:
380:
3015:
2920:
1374:
4613:
4399:
4354:
4270:
4250:
4208:
4183:
4150:
4045:
3899:
3839:
3834:
2761:
1877:
1805:
1676:
1652:
1479:
1448:
1391:
1387:
1296:
317:
304:
1564:
4313:
4163:
4053:
4037:
3774:
3393:
3161:
2452:
1984:
1893:
respectively. Other sculptors active in the church and in the subterranean
1890:
1402:(south-east). The city lies at 322 m (1,056 ft) above sea level.
1399:
1351:
1172:
1168:
1167:
The first known document of the Sienese community dates back to 70 AD: The
1110:
444:
209:
3389:
3210:
2418:
1295:
After the fall of the Republic, a few Sienese led by the Florentine exile
1109:(c. 900–400 BC) when it was inhabited by a tribe called the Saina. A
4585:
4557:
4441:
4345:
4308:
4300:
3884:
1627:
1456:
1447:
There is little manufacturing in the city. One exception is the seasonal
1256:
1236:
1090:
1036:
420:
396:
2127:
4598:
4427:
4379:
4318:
4146:
4107:
4027:
3879:
3869:
3849:
3829:
3584:
3072:"Breve storia di Siena Dagli etruschi ai giorni nostri Il Cavalleggero"
1655:
and directing it towards more direct presentations of reality. And his
1551:
1529:
1460:
1327:
1300:
456:
408:
400:
2995:
4536:
4500:
4413:
Arab-Norman Palermo and the Cathedral Churches of Cefalù and Monreale
4230:
4226:
4131:
3934:
3924:
3919:
3809:
2707:"Il Palio di Siena Tutto quello che c'è da sapere Villa Il Patriarca"
2609:
2559:"Monte dei Paschi di Siena: a brief guide to the world's oldest bank"
2212:
1898:
1559:
1524:
Siena retains a ward-centric culture from medieval times. Each ward (
658:
531:
428:
2997:
Preaching and inquisition in Renaissance Italy : words on trial
2419:"Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011"
1909:
and others. The Museo dell'Opera del Duomo contains Duccio's famous
1700:
31:
4581:
4563:
4350:
4142:
4125:
3909:
2200:
2052:
1595:
1491:
1483:
1452:
1118:
416:
388:
384:
371:
2732:
1813:
4594:
4577:
4569:
4531:
4482:
4467:
4384:
4332:
4136:
4049:
3769:
3743:
2262:
2244:
1562:
for the city's defence) vie for the trophy: a painted banner, or
1395:
1383:
1299:, not wanting to accept the fall of the Republic, took refuge in
1184:
1133:
1102:
1047:
769:
595:
521:
452:
349:
2218:
Since 1 November 2021 the public local transport is operated by
4573:
4359:
4280:
4260:
4216:
4193:
4188:
4099:
4023:
3864:
3814:
3799:
3748:
3569:
2256:
2204:
1611:
1269:
From 1547 to 1552, the Spanish-installed governor of Siena was
1201:
1055:
1040:
557:
536:
146:
3139:
After the Black Death: A Social History of Early Modern Europe
624:
4336:
4103:
4018:
4006:
3854:
3742:
2733:"Siena: cosa fare, cosa vedere e dove dormire - Toscana.info"
1969:, one of the oldest banks in continuous existence in Europe.
1857:
1153:
1129:
1020:, and influenced the course of Italian and European art. The
337:
2815:"Storia e Origine della città di Siena | Capodannosiena.net"
2146:
The Strade Bianche cycling race starts and finishes in Siena
1426:
of 6.954 square kilometres (2.685 sq mi) or about
4265:
3330:
A Medieval Italian Commune: Siena under the Nine, 1287–1355
3186:"Preview: Strade Bianche promises to be a strongman's race"
1841:
1094:
765:
722:
716:
710:
167:
View of Piazza del Campo (Campo Square), the Mangia Tower (
2959:
1861:), begun in the 12th century, is a masterpiece of Italian
4527:
Venetian Works of Defence between 15th and 17th centuries
2993:
1398:
hills (north-east), the Montagnola Senese (west) and the
1051:
3399:
1662:, painted between 1311 and 1318, remains at the city's
4199:
City of Vicenza and the Palladian Villas of the Veneto
2963:
Art as Politics in Late Medieval and Renaissance Siena
2632:"Storia dell'Ateneo | Università degli Studi di Siena"
2051:(late 12th century) from which the saint received her
1825:
Façade of the Palazzo Pubblico (town hall) during the
1451:
industry, which produces local specialities including
1386:, in the middle of a vast hilly landscape between the
1311:, which effectively ceded the Republic to the Medici.
4635:
Populated places established in the 1st millennium BC
2295:
Siena, Campanile, Torre del Mangia (Palazzo Pubblico)
1876:
is an octagonal 13th-century masterpiece sculpted by
731:
719:
707:
1634:
art still remain in galleries or churches in Siena.
1558:(which are city neighbourhoods originally formed as
4463:
Longobards in Italy, Places of Power (568–774 A.D.)
2789:"Perché Siena ha la lupa come simbolo della città?"
2158:famous for its historic white gravel roads, called
1928:, the shell-shaped town square, unfurls before the
1330:, with different laws and taxes. With the death of
1117:was founded at the site in the time of the Emperor
713:
56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3261:"Jumelages et Relations Internationales – Avignon"
2505:"Indici demografici e Struttura popolazione Siena"
1394:valley (south-west), the Elsa valley (north), the
993:, which has been operating continuously since 1472
3984:
3283:
3253:
1105:hill towns, was first settled in the time of the
4611:
2585:"Pinacoteca Nazionale in Siena – Terre di Siena"
2187:was a consortium established in 2005, formed by
1124:According to local legend, Siena was founded by
2612:. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 3 December 2009
2319:The interior of the dome in the Siena cathedral
1946:Allegory and Effects of Good and Bad Government
1671:The Pinacoteca also includes several works by
4236:Great Spa Towns of Europe - Montecatini Terme
3970:
3728:
3415:
2787:TuscanyPeople, Redazione (26 February 2018).
2786:
2283:Siena, Campanile Palazzo Pubblico & Duomo
2232:List of twin towns and sister cities in Italy
2055:, and a 15th-century statue of St. Catherine.
1259:in 1348, the city was home to 50,000 people.
1179:At the end of the third century the city was
369:
144:
3028:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2682:"Siena in the Middle Ages | by Siena OnLine"
2657:"10 of the Oldest Universities in the World"
2473:
1028:, was founded in 1240, making it one of the
1729:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1645:, dating to the mid-13th century. Duccio's
1030:oldest universities in continuous operation
4517:Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps
3977:
3963:
3735:
3721:
3422:
3408:
2966:. Ashgate Publishing Company. p. 77.
2838:
2455:. Italian National Institute of Statistics
2453:"Popolazione Residente al 1° Gennaio 2018"
2421:. Italian National Institute of Statistics
2132:Stadio Artemio Franchi – Montepaschi Arena
1204:power waned, however, and by the death of
2399:A view of Siena from the Torre del Mangia
1793:Learn how and when to remove this message
1277:, the republic was defeated by the rival
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
4329:Cilento and Vallo di Diano National Park
4174:Padua's fourteenth-century fresco cycles
3353:Siena: Constructing the Renaissance city
3157:"Siena start for Strade Bianche in 2016"
2839:Ferraiuolo, Antonio (5 September 2021).
2331:Interior of the dome at the duomo, Siena
2150:Siena hosts the start and finish of the
2141:
2126:
2063:is also preserved and open to visitors.
1948:and also some of the finest frescoes of
1840:
1832:
1820:
1812:
1804:
1590:
1579:
1382:Siena is located in the central part of
1373:
1365:
1231:Culturally, Siena flourished during the
1084:
4625:Municipalities of the Province of Siena
3149:
3136:
2843:(in Italian). Passerino. pp. 3–4.
1585:Madonna and Child with saints polyptych
4612:
4059:Residences of the Royal House of Savoy
2953:
2068:Orto Botanico dell'Università di Siena
1318:, apart from the brief parenthesis of
793:
3958:
3716:
3403:
3332:by Professor William M. Bowsky (1982)
3183:
3041:
3039:
2960:Smith, T.B.; Steinhoff, J.B. (2012).
2915:
2913:
2756:
2754:
1341:
1039:Europe, and its historic centre is a
743:
3324:Bibliography of the history of Siena
3090:
2604:
2602:
2528:
2526:
1990:Other churches in the city include:
1727:adding citations to reliable sources
1694:
1239:, producing notable artists such as
1208:in 1115 the border territory of the
1062:, a horse race held twice a year in
54:adding citations to reliable sources
25:
4221:Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi
3236:"Guida al primo giorno di servizio"
1936:. This is part of the site for the
1478:The area has also seen a growth in
13:
3036:
2994:Caravale, Giorgio, autor. (2016).
2910:
2889:
2762:"Siena nell'Enciclopedia Treccani"
2751:
2381:View from the Campanile del Mangia
1626:. A number of well-known works of
1436:of the total municipal area (data
1284:
788:
772:, Italy. It is the capital of the
14:
4671:
3382:
3295:Ministère des affaires étrangères
2599:
2523:
2043:, incorporating the old house of
1378:Siena aerial panorama. June 2024.
1370:Siena aerial panorama. June 2024.
4650:1st-millennium BC establishments
4418:Archaeological Area of Agrigento
3943:
3568:
3388:
2388:
2374:
2360:
2348:
2336:
2324:
2312:
2300:
2288:
2276:
1699:
1440:for the 2000 Agriculture Census
703:
487:118 km (46 sq mi)
271:
264:
238:
231:
208:
193:
183:
173:Santa Maria in Provenzano Church
161:
30:
4091:Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan
3228:
3203:
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3130:
3116:
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2987:
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2883:
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2832:
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2780:
2725:
2699:
2674:
2649:
2624:
2066:The city's gardens include the
1817:Interior of the Siena Cathedral
1035:Siena was an important city in
41:needs additional citations for
4506:Sanctuary of Monte Sant'Angelo
4096:Vineyard Landscape of Piedmont
3184:Brown, Gregor (6 March 2015).
2577:
2551:
2497:
2467:
2433:
1690:
1602:(1430–32), Pinacoteca di Siena
1190:
1:
4645:World Heritage Sites in Italy
3986:World Heritage Sites in Italy
3546:San Sebastiano in Vallepiatta
3349:
2404:
2225:
1658:Madonna and Child with Saints
1497:
1058:, medieval cityscape and the
272:
239:
4078:Rock Drawings in Valcamonica
3526:San Pellegrino alla Sapienza
3396:travel guide from Wikivoyage
3126:. Corriere. 28 January 2015.
2892:"Ansano, storia di un Santo"
2174:
1600:Institution of the Eucharist
1535:
1490:, as part of a deal between
1361:
1171:Manlio Patruito reported to
1074:
688:9,907 ha (24,480 acres)
7:
4620:Cities and towns in Tuscany
3337:Medieval Tuscany and Umbria
3297:(in French). Archived from
3267:(in French). Archived from
2047:. It houses the miraculous
1981:Accademia Musicale Chigiana
1513:
10:
4676:
4655:Capitals of former nations
3506:Battistero di San Giovanni
3321:
3317:
3051:www.movio.beniculturali.it
2865:"La Storia di Sant'Ansano"
2610:"Historic Centre of Siena"
2269:
2229:
2137:
1944:'s frescoes depicting the
1550:is a traditional medieval
1539:
1517:
1508:
1501:
1414:
1405:
1390:river valley (south), the
1288:
1194:
1160:"old" or its derived form
1078:
1069:
650:Cultural: (i)(ii)(iv)
638:UNESCO World Heritage Site
495:322 m (1,056 ft)
252:Location of Siena in Italy
18:
4552:
4455:
4398:
4299:
4225:Etruscan Necropolises of
4207:
4116:
3992:
3941:
3760:
3679:
3659:Gardens or public squares
3658:
3637:
3603:
3577:
3566:
3498:
3467:
3444:
3437:
3429:
3350:Nevola, Fabrizio (2007).
3335:McIntyre, Anthony Osler.
2122:
1967:Monte dei Paschi di Siena
1336:Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty
1305:Peace of Cateau Cambrésis
995: (552 years ago)
975:
806:—
745:[ˈsjɛːna,ˈsjeːna]
692:
684:
676:
664:
654:
644:
635:
631:
619:
609:
588:
578:
568:
547:
530:
520:
516:460/km (1,200/sq mi)
512:
504:
499:
491:
483:
478:
467:
462:
368:
355:
343:
333:
297:
225:
216:
207:
179:
160:
155:
142:
135:
4324:Castel del Monte, Apulia
4086:of Piedmont and Lombardy
3556:Santo Stefano alla Lizza
3511:Oratorio di Sant'Antonio
3143:Indiana University Press
3137:Huppert, George (1998).
2368:Basilica of San Domenico
1995:Basilica dell'Osservanza
1568:bearing an image of the
1424:usable agricultural area
1338:who kept it until 1799.
1271:Diego Hurtado de Mendoza
1148:, the Roman family name
987:oldest bank in the world
433:Sant'Andrea a Montecchio
130:Comune in Tuscany, Italy
16:Comune in Tuscany, Italy
4590:with 17 other countries
4447:Villa Romana del Casale
4437:Necropolis of Pantalica
4372:Royal Palace of Caserta
4169:Orto botanico di Padova
4160:Torre della Ghirlandina
3650:Santa Maria della Scala
3531:San Pietro alla Magione
2896:Fondazione Musei Senesi
2538:Encyclopedia Britannica
2251:Concord, North Carolina
2189:Tiemme Toscana Mobilità
1979:on Via di Città is the
1504:List of mayors of Siena
1332:Gian Gastone de' Medici
680:170 ha (420 acres)
4640:Roman sites of Tuscany
4376:Aqueduct of Vanvitelli
4256:Piazza del Duomo, Pisa
3895:San Casciano dei Bagni
3790:Castelnuovo Berardenga
2921:"Siena - Enciclopedia"
2819:www.capodannosiena.net
2147:
2134:
2045:St. Catherine of Siena
1977:Palazzo Chigi-Saracini
1972:Housed in the notable
1874:Siena Cathedral Pulpit
1846:
1838:
1830:
1818:
1810:
1603:
1588:
1575:
1475:on the following day.
1379:
1371:
1324:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
1291:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
1275:Italian War of 1551–59
1098:
761:
370:
145:
21:Siena (disambiguation)
4492:Campello sul Clitunno
4164:Piazza Grande, Modena
3785:Castellina in Chianti
3765:Abbadia San Salvatore
3680:Events and traditions
3536:San Pietro alle Scale
3490:Santa Maria dei Servi
3358:Yale University Press
3076:www.ilcavalleggero.it
2869:www.lavocedelpalio.it
2841:Breve storia di Siena
2265:, Germany, since 1987
2259:, Germany, since 1994
2145:
2130:
2025:Santi Niccolo e Lucia
2015:Santa Maria dei Servi
1985:conservatory of music
1844:
1836:
1824:
1816:
1808:
1624:Martino di Bartolomeo
1594:
1583:
1377:
1369:
1241:Duccio di Buoninsegna
1088:
1006:Duccio di Buoninsegna
991:Monte dei Paschi bank
780:Historical population
549: • Summer (
318:43.31861°N 11.33056°E
4179:Porticoes of Bologna
3645:Pinacoteca Nazionale
2035:Sant'Andrea Apostolo
1907:Jacopo della Quercia
1845:Streets of old Siena
1723:improve this section
1675:, as well as art by
1665:Pinacoteca Nazionale
1132:and thus nephews of
1024:, originally called
513: • Density
50:improve this article
19:For other uses, see
4542:Peschiera del Garda
4488:Temple of Clitumnus
4473:Cividale del Friuli
3905:San Quirico d'Orcia
3820:Colle di Val d'Elsa
3795:Castiglione d'Orcia
3356:(second ed.).
3301:on 26 February 2013
3141:(Second ed.).
2686:www.sienaonline.com
2193:Busitalia Sita Nord
2090:Baldassarre Peruzzi
2076:University of Siena
1942:Ambrogio Lorenzetti
1917:Dietisalvi di Speme
1867:Gothic architecture
1681:Domenico di Bartolo
1587:by Duccio (1311–18)
1570:Blessed Virgin Mary
1245:Ambrogio Lorenzetti
1226:Italian city-states
1089:Capitoline Wolf at
1044:World Heritage Site
1022:University of Siena
1010:Ambrogio Lorenzetti
781:
314: /
288:Show map of Tuscany
4380:San Leucio Complex
3702:March of the Palio
3165:. 11 November 2015
2711:www.ilpatriarca.it
2565:. 22 December 2016
2148:
2135:
2074:maintained by the
1847:
1839:
1831:
1819:
1811:
1673:Domenico Beccafumi
1604:
1589:
1471:on 1 November and
1463:at Christmas, and
1380:
1372:
1342:Late modern period
1126:Senius and Aschius
1101:Siena, like other
1099:
779:
505: • Total
484: • Total
468: • Mayor
323:43.31861; 11.33056
4607:
4606:
4510:Monte Sant'Angelo
4423:Barumini nuraghes
4341:Certosa di Padula
4033:Monte San Giorgio
3952:
3951:
3845:Monteroni d'Arbia
3825:Gaiole in Chianti
3754:Province of Siena
3710:
3709:
3687:Contrade of Siena
3564:
3563:
3367:978-0-300-12678-5
3240:Autolinee Toscane
3007:978-90-04-32545-6
2587:. 20 January 2020
2343:Panorama of Siena
2220:Autolinee Toscane
2154:, a professional
2102:Castle of Belcaro
2083:Medicean Fortress
1962:Palazzo Salimbeni
1954:Pietro Lorenzetti
1803:
1802:
1795:
1777:
1620:Pietro Lorenzetti
1520:Contrade di Siena
1488:Glaxo Smith Kline
1348:Napoleonic period
1228:of that period.
1214:Republic of Siena
1197:Republic of Siena
1081:Timeline of Siena
983:
982:
774:province of Siena
696:
695:
580:Dialing code
393:Colle Malamerenda
255:Show map of Italy
219:Location of Siena
126:
125:
118:
100:
4667:
4156:Modena Cathedral
4064:Rhaetian Railway
3979:
3972:
3965:
3956:
3955:
3947:
3930:Torrita di Siena
3875:Radda in Chianti
3805:Chianciano Terme
3737:
3730:
3723:
3714:
3713:
3671:Piazza del Campo
3595:Bottini of Siena
3590:Fortezza Medicea
3572:
3457:Cathedral Pulpit
3442:
3441:
3424:
3417:
3410:
3401:
3400:
3392:
3378:
3376:
3374:
3311:
3310:
3308:
3306:
3287:
3281:
3280:
3278:
3276:
3257:
3251:
3250:
3248:
3246:
3232:
3226:
3225:
3223:
3221:
3207:
3201:
3200:
3198:
3196:
3181:
3175:
3174:
3172:
3170:
3153:
3147:
3146:
3134:
3128:
3127:
3120:
3114:
3113:
3111:
3109:
3100:. Archived from
3094:
3088:
3087:
3085:
3083:
3068:
3062:
3061:
3059:
3057:
3043:
3034:
3033:
3027:
3019:
2991:
2985:
2984:
2982:
2980:
2957:
2951:
2950:
2943:
2937:
2936:
2934:
2932:
2917:
2908:
2907:
2905:
2903:
2887:
2881:
2880:
2878:
2876:
2861:
2855:
2854:
2836:
2830:
2829:
2827:
2825:
2811:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2800:
2784:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2773:
2758:
2749:
2748:
2746:
2744:
2729:
2723:
2722:
2720:
2718:
2703:
2697:
2696:
2694:
2692:
2678:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2667:
2661:Top Universities
2653:
2647:
2646:
2644:
2642:
2628:
2622:
2621:
2619:
2617:
2606:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2592:
2581:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2570:
2555:
2549:
2548:
2546:
2544:
2530:
2521:
2520:
2518:
2516:
2501:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2490:
2475:Luciano Canepari
2471:
2465:
2464:
2462:
2460:
2449:
2443:
2437:
2431:
2430:
2428:
2426:
2415:
2392:
2378:
2364:
2355:Piazza del Campo
2352:
2340:
2328:
2316:
2304:
2292:
2280:
2253:, US, since 2016
2211:and the company
2169:Piazza del Campo
2117:Villa Volte Alte
2072:botanical garden
2020:Santa Petronilla
1934:Torre del Mangia
1930:Palazzo Pubblico
1925:Piazza del Campo
1903:Lorenzo Ghiberti
1837:Piazza Salimbeni
1798:
1791:
1787:
1784:
1778:
1776:
1735:
1703:
1695:
1641:contains art by
1632:High Renaissance
1614:and his student
1435:
1434:
1430:
1356:Kingdom of Italy
1253:Palazzo Pubblico
1233:late Middle Ages
1210:March of Tuscany
1206:Countess Matilda
1064:Piazza del Campo
1003:
1001:
996:
795:
790:
782:
778:
755:
754:
753:
747:
742:
735:
729:
728:
725:
724:
721:
718:
715:
712:
709:
685:Buffer zone
627:
601:Ambrose of Siena
554:
375:
329:
328:
326:
325:
324:
319:
315:
312:
311:
310:
307:
289:
275:
274:
268:
256:
242:
241:
235:
212:
197:
187:
169:Torre del Mangia
165:
150:
133:
132:
121:
114:
110:
107:
101:
99:
58:
34:
26:
4675:
4674:
4670:
4669:
4668:
4666:
4665:
4664:
4610:
4609:
4608:
4603:
4548:
4451:
4408:Aeolian Islands
4394:
4390:Sassi di Matera
4365:Historic Centre
4295:
4246:Hadrian's Villa
4203:
4141:Le Colline del
4112:
4012:Historic center
3988:
3983:
3953:
3948:
3939:
3756:
3741:
3711:
3706:
3675:
3654:
3633:
3599:
3573:
3560:
3494:
3463:
3452:Siena Cathedral
3433:
3428:
3385:
3372:
3370:
3368:
3326:
3320:
3315:
3314:
3304:
3302:
3289:
3288:
3284:
3274:
3272:
3271:on 16 July 2013
3259:
3258:
3254:
3244:
3242:
3234:
3233:
3229:
3219:
3217:
3209:
3208:
3204:
3194:
3192:
3182:
3178:
3168:
3166:
3155:
3154:
3150:
3135:
3131:
3122:
3121:
3117:
3107:
3105:
3104:on 5 March 2016
3096:
3095:
3091:
3081:
3079:
3070:
3069:
3065:
3055:
3053:
3047:"Siena medicea"
3045:
3044:
3037:
3021:
3020:
3008:
2992:
2988:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2958:
2954:
2945:
2944:
2940:
2930:
2928:
2919:
2918:
2911:
2901:
2899:
2888:
2884:
2874:
2872:
2863:
2862:
2858:
2851:
2837:
2833:
2823:
2821:
2813:
2812:
2808:
2798:
2796:
2785:
2781:
2771:
2769:
2766:www.treccani.it
2760:
2759:
2752:
2742:
2740:
2731:
2730:
2726:
2716:
2714:
2705:
2704:
2700:
2690:
2688:
2680:
2679:
2675:
2665:
2663:
2655:
2654:
2650:
2640:
2638:
2630:
2629:
2625:
2615:
2613:
2608:
2607:
2600:
2590:
2588:
2583:
2582:
2578:
2568:
2566:
2557:
2556:
2552:
2542:
2540:
2534:"Siena | Italy"
2532:
2531:
2524:
2514:
2512:
2503:
2502:
2498:
2488:
2486:
2472:
2468:
2458:
2456:
2451:
2450:
2446:
2438:
2434:
2424:
2422:
2417:
2416:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2393:
2382:
2379:
2370:
2365:
2356:
2353:
2344:
2341:
2332:
2329:
2320:
2317:
2308:
2305:
2296:
2293:
2284:
2281:
2272:
2234:
2228:
2209:Regione Toscana
2177:
2140:
2125:
2061:Siena synagogue
1852:Siena Cathedral
1809:Siena Cathedral
1799:
1788:
1782:
1779:
1736:
1734:
1720:
1704:
1693:
1578:
1544:
1538:
1522:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1500:
1494:and this firm.
1432:
1428:
1427:
1417:
1408:
1364:
1344:
1316:House of Medici
1293:
1287:
1285:Medicean period
1199:
1193:
1138:Capitoline Wolf
1083:
1077:
1072:
999:
997:
994:
749:
748:
740:
733:
706:
702:
640:
625:comune.siena.it
623:
614:
605:
574:
548:
472:Nicoletta Fabio
441:Taverne d'Arbia
425:Pieve a Bozzone
322:
320:
316:
313:
308:
305:
303:
300:
299:
293:
292:
291:
290:
287:
286:
285:Siena (Tuscany)
283:
282:
281:
280:
276:
259:
258:
257:
254:
253:
250:
249:
248:
247:
243:
221:
220:
203:
202:
201:
200:
191:
190:
175:
156:Comune di Siena
151:
138:
131:
122:
111:
105:
102:
59:
57:
47:
35:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4673:
4663:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4605:
4604:
4602:
4601:
4591:
4588:
4566:
4560:
4553:
4550:
4549:
4547:
4546:
4545:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4513:
4512:
4503:
4494:
4485:
4480:
4475:
4470:
4459:
4457:
4453:
4452:
4450:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4404:
4402:
4396:
4395:
4393:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4369:
4368:
4367:
4357:
4348:
4343:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4305:
4303:
4297:
4296:
4294:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4223:
4213:
4211:
4205:
4204:
4202:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4153:
4139:
4134:
4128:
4122:
4120:
4114:
4113:
4111:
4110:
4093:
4088:
4080:
4075:
4061:
4056:
4035:
4030:
4021:
4016:
4015:
4014:
4004:
3998:
3996:
3990:
3989:
3982:
3981:
3974:
3967:
3959:
3950:
3949:
3942:
3940:
3938:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3890:Rapolano Terme
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3860:Piancastagnaio
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3761:
3758:
3757:
3740:
3739:
3732:
3725:
3717:
3708:
3707:
3705:
3704:
3699:
3697:Palio di Siena
3694:
3692:Corteo Storico
3689:
3683:
3681:
3677:
3676:
3674:
3673:
3668:
3662:
3660:
3656:
3655:
3653:
3652:
3647:
3641:
3639:
3635:
3634:
3632:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3614:Chigi-Saracini
3610:
3608:
3601:
3600:
3598:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3581:
3579:
3575:
3574:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3561:
3559:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3502:
3500:
3496:
3495:
3493:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3471:
3469:
3465:
3464:
3462:
3461:
3460:
3459:
3448:
3446:
3439:
3435:
3434:
3427:
3426:
3419:
3412:
3404:
3398:
3397:
3384:
3383:External links
3381:
3380:
3379:
3366:
3347:
3333:
3319:
3316:
3313:
3312:
3282:
3252:
3227:
3215:Siena Mobilità
3202:
3176:
3148:
3129:
3115:
3089:
3063:
3035:
3006:
2986:
2972:
2952:
2938:
2909:
2882:
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2347:
2345:
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2282:
2275:
2271:
2268:
2267:
2266:
2260:
2254:
2248:
2227:
2224:
2185:Siena Mobilità
2182:
2181:
2176:
2173:
2160:strade bianche
2152:Strade Bianche
2139:
2136:
2124:
2121:
2120:
2119:
2114:
2112:Villa Cetinale
2109:
2104:
2099:
2057:
2056:
2041:Santa Caterina
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1950:Simone Martini
1932:with its tall
1801:
1800:
1707:
1705:
1698:
1692:
1689:
1685:Fra Bartolomeo
1643:Guido da Siena
1637:The Church of
1616:Simone Martini
1608:Sienese School
1577:
1574:
1548:Palio di Siena
1542:Palio di Siena
1540:Main article:
1537:
1534:
1518:Main article:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1499:
1496:
1465:pane co' santi
1416:
1413:
1407:
1404:
1363:
1360:
1343:
1340:
1289:Main article:
1286:
1283:
1249:Duomo di Siena
1195:Main article:
1192:
1189:
1128:, two sons of
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1032:in the world.
1026:Studium Senese
1014:Simone Martini
981:
980:
973:
972:
969:
966:
962:
961:
958:
955:
951:
950:
947:
944:
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939:
936:
933:
929:
928:
925:
922:
918:
917:
914:
911:
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903:
900:
896:
895:
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878:
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867:
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862:
859:
856:
852:
851:
848:
845:
841:
840:
837:
834:
830:
829:
826:
823:
819:
818:
815:
812:
808:
807:
804:
801:
797:
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791:
786:
694:
693:
690:
689:
686:
682:
681:
678:
674:
673:
666:
662:
661:
656:
652:
651:
648:
642:
641:
636:
633:
632:
629:
628:
621:
617:
616:
611:
607:
606:
604:
603:
598:
592:
590:
586:
585:
582:
576:
575:
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570:
566:
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555:
545:
544:
534:
528:
527:
524:
518:
517:
514:
510:
509:
506:
502:
501:
497:
496:
493:
489:
488:
485:
481:
480:
476:
475:
474:(centre-right)
469:
465:
464:
460:
459:
376:
366:
365:
359:
353:
352:
347:
341:
340:
335:
331:
330:
295:
294:
284:
278:
277:
270:
269:
263:
262:
261:
260:
251:
245:
244:
237:
236:
230:
229:
228:
227:
226:
223:
222:
218:
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213:
205:
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198:
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188:
182:
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177:
176:
166:
158:
157:
153:
152:
143:
140:
139:
136:
129:
124:
123:
38:
36:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4672:
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4623:
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4596:
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4535:
4533:
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4525:
4523:
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4507:
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4502:
4498:
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4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4377:
4373:
4370:
4366:
4363:
4362:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4355:Villa Poppaea
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4338:
4334:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4306:
4304:
4302:
4298:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4271:San Gimignano
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4251:Medici villas
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4228:
4224:
4222:
4218:
4215:
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4206:
4200:
4197:
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4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4161:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4151:Valdobbiadene
4148:
4144:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4123:
4121:
4119:
4115:
4109:
4105:
4101:
4097:
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4092:
4089:
4087:
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4081:
4079:
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4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4051:
4047:
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4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4013:
4010:
4009:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4002:Crespi d'Adda
4000:
3999:
3997:
3995:
3991:
3987:
3980:
3975:
3973:
3968:
3966:
3961:
3960:
3957:
3946:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3900:San Gimignano
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3840:Monteriggioni
3838:
3836:
3835:Montepulciano
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3780:Casole d'Elsa
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3762:
3759:
3755:
3751:
3750:
3745:
3738:
3733:
3731:
3726:
3724:
3719:
3718:
3715:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3684:
3682:
3678:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3666:Orto Botanico
3664:
3663:
3661:
3657:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3642:
3640:
3636:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3619:del Magnifico
3617:
3615:
3612:
3611:
3609:
3607:
3602:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3582:
3580:
3576:
3571:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3551:Santo Spirito
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3516:Sant'Agostino
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3503:
3501:
3497:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3485:San Francesco
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3472:
3470:
3466:
3458:
3455:
3454:
3453:
3450:
3449:
3447:
3443:
3440:
3436:
3432:
3425:
3420:
3418:
3413:
3411:
3406:
3405:
3402:
3395:
3391:
3387:
3386:
3369:
3363:
3359:
3355:
3354:
3348:
3346:
3345:0-670-83525-0
3342:
3338:
3334:
3331:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3300:
3296:
3292:
3286:
3270:
3266:
3262:
3256:
3241:
3237:
3231:
3216:
3212:
3206:
3191:
3187:
3180:
3164:
3163:
3158:
3152:
3145:. p. 36.
3144:
3140:
3133:
3125:
3119:
3103:
3099:
3093:
3077:
3073:
3067:
3052:
3048:
3042:
3040:
3031:
3025:
3017:
3013:
3009:
3003:
2999:
2998:
2990:
2975:
2973:9781409400660
2969:
2965:
2964:
2956:
2948:
2942:
2926:
2922:
2916:
2914:
2897:
2893:
2886:
2870:
2866:
2860:
2852:
2850:9791220842587
2846:
2842:
2835:
2820:
2816:
2810:
2794:
2793:TuscanyPeople
2790:
2783:
2767:
2763:
2757:
2755:
2738:
2734:
2728:
2712:
2708:
2702:
2687:
2683:
2677:
2662:
2658:
2652:
2637:
2633:
2627:
2611:
2605:
2603:
2586:
2580:
2564:
2560:
2554:
2539:
2535:
2529:
2527:
2510:
2509:Tuttitalia.it
2506:
2500:
2484:
2480:
2476:
2470:
2454:
2448:
2442:
2436:
2420:
2414:
2410:
2397:
2391:
2377:
2372:
2369:
2363:
2358:
2351:
2346:
2339:
2334:
2327:
2322:
2315:
2310:
2303:
2298:
2291:
2286:
2279:
2274:
2273:
2264:
2261:
2258:
2255:
2252:
2249:
2246:
2243:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2233:
2223:
2221:
2216:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2179:
2178:
2172:
2170:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2144:
2133:
2129:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2086:
2084:
2079:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2064:
2062:
2059:The historic
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2039:Sanctuary of
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2030:Santo Spirito
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2005:San Francesco
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1992:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1975:
1970:
1968:
1964:
1963:
1957:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1926:
1920:
1918:
1914:
1913:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1879:
1878:Nicola Pisano
1875:
1870:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1859:
1854:
1853:
1843:
1835:
1828:
1823:
1815:
1807:
1797:
1794:
1786:
1775:
1772:
1768:
1765:
1761:
1758:
1754:
1751:
1747:
1744: –
1743:
1739:
1738:Find sources:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1718:
1717:
1713:
1708:This section
1706:
1702:
1697:
1696:
1688:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1677:Lorenzo Lotto
1674:
1669:
1667:
1666:
1661:
1659:
1654:
1653:Byzantine art
1650:
1649:
1644:
1640:
1635:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1586:
1582:
1573:
1571:
1567:
1566:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1543:
1533:
1531:
1527:
1521:
1505:
1495:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1480:biotechnology
1476:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1449:confectionery
1445:
1443:
1439:
1425:
1420:
1412:
1403:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1376:
1368:
1359:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1339:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1312:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1297:Piero Strozzi
1292:
1282:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1267:
1265:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1227:
1221:
1217:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1198:
1188:
1186:
1182:
1181:Christianized
1177:
1174:
1170:
1169:Roman Senator
1165:
1164:"to be old".
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1096:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1067:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1042:
1038:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
992:
988:
979:
974:
970:
967:
964:
963:
959:
956:
953:
952:
948:
945:
942:
941:
937:
934:
931:
930:
926:
923:
920:
919:
915:
912:
909:
908:
904:
901:
898:
897:
893:
890:
887:
886:
882:
879:
876:
875:
871:
868:
865:
864:
860:
857:
854:
853:
849:
846:
843:
842:
838:
835:
832:
831:
827:
824:
821:
820:
816:
813:
810:
809:
805:
802:
799:
798:
792:
787:
784:
783:
777:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
752:
746:
738:
737:
727:
700:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
660:
657:
653:
649:
647:
643:
639:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
612:
608:
602:
599:
597:
594:
593:
591:
587:
583:
581:
577:
571:
567:
563:
559:
556:
552:
546:
542:
538:
535:
533:
529:
525:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
477:
473:
470:
466:
461:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
413:Isola d'Arbia
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
379:
377:
374:
373:
367:
363:
360:
358:
354:
351:
348:
346:
342:
339:
336:
332:
327:
298:Coordinates:
296:
267:
234:
224:
215:
211:
206:
196:
186:
178:
174:
170:
164:
159:
154:
149:
148:
141:
134:
128:
120:
117:
109:
98:
95:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67: –
66:
62:
61:Find sources:
55:
51:
45:
44:
39:This article
37:
33:
28:
27:
22:
4478:Castelseprio
4314:Amalfi Coast
4291:Villa d'Este
4275:
4083:
4054:Cinque Terre
4038:Porto Venere
3914:
3775:Buonconvento
3747:
3605:
3541:San Raimondo
3475:San Domenico
3430:
3371:. Retrieved
3352:
3336:
3329:
3303:. Retrieved
3299:the original
3294:
3285:
3273:. Retrieved
3269:the original
3264:
3255:
3243:. Retrieved
3239:
3230:
3218:. Retrieved
3214:
3205:
3193:. Retrieved
3189:
3179:
3167:. Retrieved
3162:Cycling News
3160:
3151:
3138:
3132:
3118:
3108:15 September
3106:. Retrieved
3102:the original
3092:
3080:. Retrieved
3078:(in Italian)
3075:
3066:
3054:. Retrieved
3050:
2996:
2989:
2979:14 September
2977:. Retrieved
2962:
2955:
2941:
2929:. Retrieved
2927:(in Italian)
2924:
2900:. Retrieved
2898:(in Italian)
2895:
2885:
2873:. Retrieved
2871:(in Italian)
2868:
2859:
2840:
2834:
2822:. Retrieved
2818:
2809:
2797:. Retrieved
2795:(in Italian)
2792:
2782:
2770:. Retrieved
2768:(in Italian)
2765:
2741:. Retrieved
2739:(in Italian)
2736:
2727:
2715:. Retrieved
2713:(in Italian)
2710:
2701:
2689:. Retrieved
2685:
2676:
2664:. Retrieved
2660:
2651:
2639:. Retrieved
2636:www.unisi.it
2635:
2626:
2614:. Retrieved
2589:. Retrieved
2579:
2567:. Retrieved
2563:the Guardian
2562:
2553:
2541:. Retrieved
2537:
2513:. Retrieved
2511:(in Italian)
2508:
2499:
2487:. Retrieved
2485:(in Italian)
2482:
2469:
2457:. Retrieved
2447:
2435:
2423:. Retrieved
2413:
2307:Siena, Duomo
2235:
2217:
2184:
2183:
2163:
2159:
2156:cycling race
2149:
2087:
2080:
2065:
2058:
2048:
2040:
2000:San Domenico
1989:
1971:
1960:
1958:
1945:
1937:
1923:
1921:
1910:
1891:Pinturicchio
1871:
1856:
1850:
1848:
1789:
1780:
1770:
1763:
1756:
1749:
1737:
1721:Please help
1709:
1670:
1664:
1657:
1647:
1639:San Domenico
1638:
1636:
1605:
1599:
1584:
1563:
1545:
1525:
1523:
1477:
1446:
1441:
1421:
1418:
1409:
1400:Crete Senesi
1381:
1352:Risorgimento
1345:
1320:Ferdinando I
1313:
1294:
1268:
1261:
1230:
1222:
1218:
1200:
1178:
1166:
1161:
1157:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1123:
1114:
1113:town called
1100:
1034:
1025:
984:
698:
697:
589:Patron saint
573:53100, 53010
449:Vico d'Arbia
445:Val di Pugna
437:Santa Regina
378:
199:Coat of arms
127:
112:
103:
93:
86:
79:
72:
60:
48:Please help
43:verification
40:
4586:Switzerland
4558:Switzerland
4508:located at
4499:located at
4497:Santa Sofia
4490:located at
4456:Countrywide
4442:Val di Noto
4346:Herculaneum
4309:Alberobello
4286:Val d'Orcia
4084:Sacri Monti
3885:Radicondoli
3604:Palaces or
3521:San Martino
3211:"Chi siamo"
3195:29 November
2483:DiPI Online
2107:Villa Celsa
2097:Villa Chigi
2010:San Martino
1887:Ghirlandaio
1885:frescos by
1883:Renaissance
1691:Main sights
1628:Renaissance
1457:ricciarelli
1257:Black Death
1237:Renaissance
1191:Middle Ages
1185:Sant'Ansano
1115:Saena Julia
1091:Siena Duomo
668:1995 (19th
665:Inscription
596:St. Ansanus
569:Postal code
421:Monteliscai
397:Costafabbri
321: /
4614:Categories
4599:Montenegro
4428:Mount Etna
4319:Appian Way
4147:Conegliano
4108:Monferrato
4074:Landscapes
4028:Sabbioneta
3880:Radicofani
3870:Poggibonsi
3850:Monticiano
3830:Montalcino
3585:Fonte Gaia
3480:Osservanza
3322:See also:
3265:Avignon.fr
3169:6 February
3082:6 November
3056:6 November
3016:1030563659
2772:6 November
2691:6 November
2666:6 November
2489:28 October
2439:Data from
2405:References
2230:See also:
2226:Twin towns
1983:, Siena's
1863:Romanesque
1783:April 2022
1753:newspapers
1560:battalions
1552:horse race
1530:horse race
1502:See also:
1498:Government
1461:cavallucci
1346:After the
1328:Pitigliano
1301:Montalcino
1079:See also:
762:Sena Iulia
613:1 December
500:Population
463:Government
457:Volte Alte
409:Ginestreto
401:Costalpino
309:11°19′50″E
306:43°19′07″N
76:newspapers
4562:with the
4537:Palmanova
4501:Benevento
4231:Tarquinia
4227:Cerveteri
4132:Dolomites
4118:Northeast
3994:Northwest
3935:Trequanda
3925:Sovicille
3920:Sinalunga
3810:Chiusdino
3629:Salimbeni
3445:Cathedral
3438:Religious
3190:Velo News
3024:cite book
3000:. Brill.
2236:Siena is
2213:ONE Scarl
2175:Transport
1899:Donatello
1895:baptistry
1710:does not
1660:polyptych
1536:The Palio
1362:Geography
1309:Charles V
1152:, or the
1107:Etruscans
1075:Antiquity
655:Reference
615:8 October
610:Saint day
532:Time zone
492:Elevation
429:Presciano
106:July 2022
4582:Slovenia
4564:Holy See
4433:Syracuse
4351:Oplontis
4241:Florence
4143:Prosecco
4126:Aquileia
4042:Palmaria
3910:Sarteano
3624:Pubblico
3499:Churches
3468:Basilica
2925:Treccani
2890:Giulia.
2824:23 March
2799:23 March
2743:23 March
2717:23 March
2515:23 March
2459:16 March
2425:16 March
2247:, France
2201:Florence
2164:sterrati
2053:stigmata
2049:Crucifix
1610:include
1596:Sassetta
1556:Contrade
1526:contrada
1514:Contrade
1492:Novartis
1484:Novartis
1453:panforte
1350:and the
1279:Florence
1264:Florence
1251:and the
1119:Augustus
1037:medieval
1018:Sassetta
976:Source:
741:Italian:
646:Criteria
417:Le Tolfe
405:Fogliano
389:Bolgione
385:Agostoli
372:Frazioni
357:Province
302:(53893)
4660:Tuscany
4595:Croatia
4578:Germany
4570:Austria
4532:Bergamo
4483:Spoleto
4468:Brescia
4400:Islands
4385:Pompeii
4333:Paestum
4209:Central
4184:Ravenna
4137:Ferrara
4072:Bernina
4066:in the
4050:Tinetto
3770:Asciano
3752:of the
3746:·
3744:Tuscany
3638:Museums
3606:Palazzi
3373:1 March
3339:(1992)
3318:Sources
3305:13 July
3275:13 July
3245:10 June
3220:10 June
2737:Toscana
2616:19 June
2479:"Siena"
2270:Gallery
2263:Wetzlar
2245:Avignon
2238:twinned
2138:Cycling
1767:scholar
1742:"Siena"
1731:removed
1716:sources
1509:Culture
1473:I Morti
1469:I Santi
1431:⁄
1415:Economy
1406:Climate
1396:Chianti
1384:Tuscany
1142:Balzana
1134:Romulus
1070:History
1056:museums
1048:cuisine
998: (
770:Tuscany
764:) is a
670:Session
620:Website
522:Demonym
453:Vignano
381:Abbadia
350:Tuscany
334:Country
90:scholar
65:"Siena"
4584:, and
4574:France
4360:Naples
4281:Urbino
4261:Pienza
4217:Assisi
4194:Verona
4189:Venice
4100:Langhe
4068:Albula
4024:Mantua
3865:Pienza
3815:Chiusi
3800:Cetona
3749:Comuni
3364:
3343:
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2970:
2931:8 July
2902:8 July
2875:8 July
2847:
2641:4 June
2591:4 June
2569:4 June
2543:4 June
2257:Weimar
2240:with:
2205:Arezzo
2123:Sports
1974:Gothic
1912:Maestà
1769:
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1648:Maestà
1612:Duccio
1202:Feudal
1150:Saenii
1103:Tuscan
1041:UNESCO
989:, the
968:53,062
957:52,839
946:52,625
935:56,956
924:61,989
913:65,634
905:+16.9%
902:61,453
891:52,566
880:48,664
869:45,995
858:42,930
847:41,363
839:+10.4%
836:37,623
825:34,071
814:31,844
803:32,108
526:Senese
508:53,901
345:Region
171:) and
147:Comune
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4007:Genoa
3915:Siena
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3578:Other
3431:Siena
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2441:Istat
2197:ByBus
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1938:Palio
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1827:Palio
1774:JSTOR
1760:books
1565:Palio
1438:ISTAT
1392:Merse
1388:Arbia
1307:with
1162:seneo
1158:senex
1156:word
1154:Latin
1146:Saina
1130:Remus
1111:Roman
1060:Palio
978:ISTAT
971:+0.4%
960:+0.4%
949:−7.6%
938:−8.1%
927:−5.6%
916:+6.8%
894:+8.0%
883:+5.8%
872:+7.1%
861:+3.8%
850:+9.9%
828:+7.0%
817:−0.8%
758:Latin
699:Siena
558:UTC+2
537:UTC+1
362:Siena
338:Italy
279:Siena
246:Siena
137:Siena
97:JSTOR
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3375:2010
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3341:ISBN
3307:2013
3277:2013
3247:2022
3222:2022
3197:2015
3171:2016
3110:2015
3084:2021
3058:2021
3030:link
3012:OCLC
3002:ISBN
2981:2015
2968:ISBN
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2845:ISBN
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