501:
476:
the process of reuilding after the 1957 shock when it was completely devastated again; there were two deaths and 23 injuries. ] of the ] near ] damaged a bridge while the village experienced widespread damage and collapses. The shaking at ], persisted for a while and many people could not walk properly. One home also collapsed in the city and buried a person. Three people died and nine were injured in the flattened town of
Barfaragh.<ref name="Ambraseys74" />{{rp|p=6, 9â13}}
468:
the process of reuilding after the 1957 shock when it was completely devastated again; there were two deaths and 23 injuries. ] of the ] near ] damaged a bridge while the village experienced widespread damage and collapses. The shaking at ], persisted for a while and many people could not walk properly. One home also collapsed in the city and buried a person. Three people died and nine were injured in the flattened town of
Barfaragh.<ref name="Ambraseys74" />{{rp|p=6, 9â13}}
71:
508:
517:
748:
732:
6.7 earthquake occurred at a depth of 15 km (9.3 mi) on 16 August at 22:43 local time. It caused severe damage to over 170 villages in the province. Due to several strong foreshocks, most of the population fled their homes and the death toll only stood at 132 and another 948 were injured. A
832:
of Arabia while the rocks to the northeast are of metamorphic and volcanic origin. Its southeastern segments ends in a zone of northânorthwest trending strike-slip faults. The strike-slip component of this oblique convergence is accommodated along the Main Recent Fault. The southeastern segments are
475:
The village of ] was damaged by landslides and slumps. All homes were flattened in ] and ]; the latter settlement reported heavy livestock loss and 16 injuries. In ], two people died from toppled adobe walls; several damaged homes were restored after the 1957 shock. The village of
Dehkuhneh was in
467:
The village of ] was damaged by landslides and slumps. All homes were flattened in ] and ]; the latter settlement reported heavy livestock loss and 16 injuries. In ], two people died from toppled adobe walls; several damaged homes were restored after the 1957 shock. The village of
Dehkuhneh was in
930:
produced up to 2 m (6 ft 7 in) of vertical offset. The rupture extended across the Garrin segment to the southeast and Sahneh segment to the northwest. The
Nahavand segment was associated with another 20 km (12 mi) surface rupture that extended form
169:
970:
The mainshock killed at least 132 people, injured hundreds and killed 3,000 livestock. Approximately 2,500 homes across 170 villages were levelled, rendering 10,000 homeless. The low death toll was partly the result of a foreshock that kept residents alert and the
1006:, these villages were also affected by the 1957 earthquake and its aftershocks. There, all homes were razed, and in Leylas, cows were knocked off their feet and residents had difficulty maintaining their balance. About 200 died or were injured in these villages.
1025:, two people died from toppled adobe walls; several damaged homes were restored after the 1957 shock. The village of Dehkuhneh was in the process of reuilding after the 1957 shock when it was completely devastated again; there were two deaths and 23 injuries.
1248:
Rahimzadeh, Bahman; Bahrami, Shahram; Mohajjel, Mohammad; Mahmoudi, Hossein; Haj-Azizi, Farzad (2019). "Active strike-slip faulting in the Zagros
Mountains: Geological and geomorphological evidence of the pull-apart Zaribar Lake basin, Zagros, NW Iran".
63:
345:
The earthquake devastated the ], ] and ] districts. The meizoseismal area encompassed a {{cvt|1,100|km2}} area along the ], and damage was greatest in the northwest. Four settlements, Leylas-], ] and
Litagar, in the northwest meizoseismal zone
962:; such structures do not remain intact beyond intensity VII. Some infrastructure in the meizoseismal zone had been damaged by the 1957 shock and its aftershock which could not be distinguished from actual damage caused by the 1958 earthquake.
893:
on 21 September, devastating a 100 km (39 sq mi) region northwest of the 1957 meizoseismal area. Preceded by a damaging sequence of earthquakes several hours earlier, this magnitude 5.2 shock killed 16 people and devastated
323:
170 villages were levelled, rendering 10,000 homeless. The low death toll was partly the result of a foreshock that kept residents alert and the ] that motivated people to rest on their roofs.<ref name="Ambraseys74" />{{rp|p=6,
820:, to the northeast, seismicity is nearly absent. The Main Recent Fault delineates the northeastern boundary of the Zagros Mountains, forming between 3 and 5 million years ago. It runs parallel to the Main Zagros Reverse Fault, a
812:
between the
Arabian Plate and Iran occurs obliquely along the Zagros Mountains, and approximately 30â50 percent of the ~25 cm (9.8 in) per year convergence between the two plates is accommodated along the range.
799:
may have occurred. The mountain range is still accommodating deformation, evident from present-day seismicity. Deformation is accommodated by thrust and strike-slip faulting within the range. Parallel to major
394:
The earthquake devastated the ], ] and ] districts. The meizoseismal area encompassed a {{cvt|1,100|km2}} area along the ], and damage was greatest in the northwest. Four settlements, Leylas-], ] and
Litagar,
1041:, persisted for a while and many people could not walk properly. One home also collapsed in the city and buried a person. Three people died and nine were injured in the flattened town of Barfaragh.
910:. Fifty-seven injuries were reported in the villages of Karkasar and Karaj. Homes in Karaj sustained damage including fractured walls and one home was destroyed in the prior earthquake sequence.
15:
297:
170 villages were levelled, rendering 10,000 homeless. The low death toll was partly the result of a foreshock that kept residents alert and the ] that motivated people to rest on their roofs
918:
The mainshock and its aftershocks occurred southeast of the 1957 earthquake epicenter. The events of 1957 occurred along the Main Recent Fault although on different segments. Three sets of
387:. There, all homes were razed, and in Leylas, cows were knocked off their feet and residents had difficulty maintaining their balance.<ref name="Ambraseys74" />{{rp|p=6, 9â13}}
228:
152:
889:. Several people died in Asadabad and Akbarabad when homes crumbled when an aftershock struck in the early morning of 19 August. The most destructive aftershock occurred in
1543:
862:
and scared residents. A magnitude 5.5 earthquake occurred at 19:30; described as violent, it damaged several nearby villages around the three aforementioned cities. These
922:
occurred; all trending northwestâsoutheast on segments of the Main Recent Fault exhibited vertical offsets. A 15 km (9.3 mi) surface rupture between
874:
on 16 August was preceded by a magnitude 4.5 shock two hours prior. These earthquakes caused panic among the populations and some were damaging. Tourists of
881:
The mainshock was followed by three large aftershocks exceeded magnitude 5.0 while another 30 had magnitudes between 4.0 and 4.9. On 17 August a damaging
164:
93:
31:
28:
1377:
1328:
Developments in Earth
Surface Processes] Earthquakes and Coseismic Surface Faulting on the Iranian Plateau - A Historical, Social and Physical Approach
850:
continued until mid-February 1958. On 14 August, at 14:00 local time, earthquake activity resumed with a magnitude 5.7 event that was felt strongly in
991:
1123:
623:
1836:
1002:
and Litagar, situated in the northwest meizoseismal zone, experienced the greatest devastation. Located some 10 km (6.2 mi) from
72:
160:
89:
1990:
1738:
942:
The earthquake was felt for 180,000 km (69,000 sq mi); a significantly larger extent in comparison with the 1957 shock.
828:. The fault comprises several segments with lengths of more than 100 km (62 mi). Southwest of the Main Recent Fault lies the
2165:
442:. There, all homes were razed, and in Leylas, cows were knocked off their feet and residents had difficulty maintaining their balance
187:
111:
2221:
1164:
Tchalenko, J. S.; Braud, J. (1974). "Seismicity and structure of the Zagros (Iran): the Main Recent Fault between 33 and 35° N".
939:. The third surface rupture zone ran for 8 km (5.0 mi) and coincided with the southeastern part of the Sahneh segment.
500:
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Ambraseys, N.N.; Moinfar, A.A. (1974). "The seismicity of Iran. The Firuzabad (Nehavend) earthquake of 16 August 1958".
1945:
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1201:"Microearthquake seismicity at the intersection between the Kazerun fault and the Main Recent Fault (Zagros, Iran)"
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fled the city following these foreshocks. The last felt foreshock also caused minor damage to villages.
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Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences
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districts. The meizoseismal area encompassed a 1,100 km (420 sq mi) area along the
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damaged a bridge while the village experienced widespread damage and collapses. The shaking at
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occurred in the Kangavar area. It left several homes damaged in Kangavar and two more in
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1021:; the latter settlement reported heavy livestock loss and 16 injuries. In
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National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS) (1972),
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994:, and damage was greatest in the northwest. Four settlements, Leylas-
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of the mountains is the Main Recent Fault, an active right-lateral
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was damaged by landslides and slumps. All homes were flattened in
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more seismically active in contrast to the northwestern segments.
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733:
destructive aftershock on 21 September killed another 16 people.
1198:
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The northeast-trending Main Recent Fault in the Zagros Mountains
1199:
Yamini-Fard, F.; Hatzfeld, D.; Tatar, M.; Mokhtari, M. (2006).
923:
959:
299:. Two hundred people died in the four worst-affected villages
1083:
ISC-GEM Global Instrumental Earthquake Catalogue (1900â2009)
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Aftershock activity associated with the 13 December 1957
954:
although there were plausibly isolated instances of IX (
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The Zagros Mountains is seismically active while in the
54:
1802:
indicates earthquake resulting in at least 30 deaths
1326:(2014). "12: 1900â1963 Coseismic Surface Faulting".
444:. About 200 died or were injured in these villages
507:
446:.<ref name="Ambraseys74" />{{rp|p=6, 9â13}}
301:.<ref name="Ambraseys74" />{{rp|p=6, 9â13}}
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308:The mainshock killed at least 132 people
275:The mainshock killed at least 132 people
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161:Revision as of 05:03, 22 September 2024
90:Revision as of 01:49, 22 September 2024
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1226:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2006.02891.x
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1251:Journal of Asian Earth Sciences
1115:Significant Earthquake Database
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2222:History of Kermanshah province
1991:1968 Dasht-e Bayaz and Ferdows
1665:(6.2, April 24 - 7.1 April 25)
978:The earthquake devastated the
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18:Browse history interactively
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2212:History of Hamadan province
1056:List of earthquakes in Iran
1051:List of earthquakes in 1958
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944:Modified Mercalli intensity
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416:some {{cvt|10|km}} from ],
361:some {{cvt|10|km}} from ],
266:===Damage and casualties===
259:===Damage and casualties===
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1004:Deh-e Bozorg-e Firuzabad
487:Natural disaster in Iran
199:Extended confirmed users
123:Extended confirmed users
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1946:1923 Torbat-e Heydarieh
705:132 killed, 948 injured
219:ââDamage and casualties
85:
1178:10.1098/rsta.1974.0044
950:) was assigned to the
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966:Damage and casualties
797:extensional tectonics
765:continental collision
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2171:2024 Razavi Khorasan
2146:2019 East Azerbaijan
2106:2012 East Azerbaijan
1587:1956 Atarfe-Albolote
1297:Annals of Geophysics
1080:ISC (27 June 2022),
826:fold and thrust belt
2197:Earthquakes in Iran
2141:2018 Sarpol-e Zahab
1846:Earthquakes in Iran
1704:(6.5, December 13)
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1428:
1427:(7.3, July 21)
1422:
1421:(6.8, June 11)
1416:
1407:
1397:
1395:
1389:
1388:
1383:
1382:
1375:
1368:
1360:
1352:
1351:
1344:
1314:
1276:
1240:
1211:(1): 186â196.
1191:
1172:(1262): 1â25.
1156:
1104:
1066:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1058:
1053:
1046:
1043:
992:Gamasiab River
967:
964:
915:
912:
843:
840:
838:
835:
767:involving the
741:Main article:
738:
735:
727:
707:
706:
703:
699:
698:
695:
691:
690:
687:
683:
682:
669:
662:
661:
656:
655:Areas affected
652:
651:
644:34.290; 47.867
619:
615:
614:
611:
607:
606:
601:
595:
591:
590:
587:
583:
582:
578:16 August 1958
574:16 August 1958
572:
568:
567:
562:
555:
554:
549:
542:
541:
538:
531:
530:
522:
521:
514:
513:
505:
504:
498:
497:
496:
486:
484:
479:
478:
474:
472:
470:
466:
464:
461:
460:
457:
455:
452:
449:
448:
443:
439:
436:
432:
429:
426:
423:
420:
417:
413:
409:
406:
402:
399:
395:
393:
391:
389:
384:
381:
377:
374:
371:
368:
365:
362:
358:
354:
351:
347:
344:
342:
339:
338:
335:
333:
330:
327:
326:
320:
316:
313:
309:
307:
305:
303:
298:
294:
290:
286:
283:
280:
276:
274:
272:
269:
268:
265:
263:
261:
258:
256:
253:
252:
249:
247:
244:
241:
240:
237:
233:
232:
206:
193:
192:
177:
156:
130:
117:
116:
101:
70:
64:
62:
44:
36:
27:
23:
22:
14:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2234:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2126:2013 Borazjan
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2081:2006 Borujerd
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1981:1957 Farsinaj
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1966:1948 Ashgabat
1964:
1962:
1961:1947 Dustabad
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1941:1909 Borujerd
1939:
1938:
1936:
1932:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1870:1667 Shamakhi
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1840:
1835:
1833:
1828:
1826:
1821:
1820:
1817:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1790:
1786:
1783:
1781:(6.4, Aug 26)
1780:
1779:Coatzacoalcos
1777:
1775:(7.1, Aug 15)
1774:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1764:
1762:
1760:
1756:
1750:
1747:(6.7, Aug 16)
1746:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1719:
1717:
1713:
1707:
1703:
1700:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1657:San Francisco
1655:
1652:
1649:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1640:
1634:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1594:
1591:
1589:(5.0, Apr 19)
1588:
1585:
1583:
1579:
1576:
1574:(5.8, Jan 12)
1573:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1561:
1555:
1552:(6.7, Sep 9)
1551:
1548:
1546:(7.1, Dec 16)
1545:
1544:Fairview Peak
1542:
1540:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1522:
1518:
1512:(7.5, Dec 12)
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1451:
1445:
1442:(9.0, Nov 5)
1441:
1438:
1436:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:(5.8, Jan 3)
1402:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1390:
1381:
1376:
1374:
1369:
1367:
1362:
1361:
1358:
1347:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1318:
1310:
1306:
1303:(1â2): 1â21.
1302:
1298:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1281:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1244:
1236:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1195:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1160:
1152:
1146:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1116:
1108:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1084:
1076:
1074:
1072:
1067:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1042:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1007:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
976:
974:
963:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
940:
938:
934:
933:Barreh Farakh
929:
928:Cheshmeh Mahi
925:
921:
911:
909:
905:
901:
897:
892:
888:
884:
879:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
834:
831:
827:
823:
819:
814:
811:
807:
803:
802:thrust faults
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
769:Arabian Plate
766:
762:
758:
749:
744:
734:
731:
722:
718:
714:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
677:
670:
663:
660:
657:
653:
648:
620:
616:
612:
608:
605:
596:
592:
588:
584:
573:
569:
566:
563:
561:
556:
553:
550:
547:
543:
539:
536:
532:
502:
494:
482:
473:
471:
465:
463:
462:
458:
456:
453:
451:
450:
392:
343:
340:
336:
334:
331:
329:
328:
306:
273:
270:
264:
262:
257:
255:
254:
250:
248:
245:
243:
242:
234:
230:
220:
204:
200:
196:
195:Autopatrolled
189:
185:
180:
171:
166:
162:
154:
144:
128:
124:
120:
119:Autopatrolled
113:
109:
104:
95:
91:
73:
58:
51:
41:Content added
33:
30:
20:
2202:1958 in Iran
2131:2014 Murmuri
2121:2013 Saravan
2116:2013 Bushehr
2096:2010 Damghan
2066:2004 Baladeh
2046:1997 Ardabil
2041:1997 Bojnurd
2021:1979 Ghaenat
1985:
1880:1679 Yerevan
1804:
1799:
1788:
1769:(8.0, May 4)
1748:
1744:
1741:(7.8, Jul 9)
1735:(7.1, Apr 7)
1727:
1705:
1690:
1681:
1672:
1632:
1623:
1614:
1605:
1596:
1581:
1553:
1538:
1531:(5.6, Mar 1)
1498:
1489:
1482:(7.6, May 6)
1474:
1471:YeniceâGĂśnen
1465:
1443:
1434:
1413:
1404:
1327:
1317:
1300:
1296:
1254:
1250:
1243:
1208:
1204:
1194:
1169:
1165:
1159:
1135:, retrieved
1118:(Data Set),
1114:
1107:
1096:, retrieved
1082:
1008:
977:
969:
955:
947:
941:
917:
880:
845:
815:
773:Central Iran
761:Gulf of Oman
754:
712:
710:
675:
143:ââEarthquake
2071:2005 Zarand
2026:1981 Golbaf
2006:1977 Naghan
2001:1977 Khurgu
1976:1957 Alborz
1956:1930 Salmas
1925:1895 Quchan
1920:1893 Quchan
1910:1853 Shiraz
1900:1780 Tabriz
1895:1778 Kashan
1890:1727 Tabriz
1885:1721 Tabriz
1875:1641 Tabriz
1865:893 Ardabil
1860:856 Damghan
1785:Hebgen Lake
1593:Afghanistan
1425:Kern County
1257:: 332â345.
973:hot weather
948:Very strong
868:aftershocks
822:suture zone
810:Convergence
806:strike-slip
694:Aftershocks
642: /
548: event
410:devastation
403:experienced
385:devastation
378:experienced
229:Next edit â
32:Next edit â
2186:Categories
2111:2012 Zohan
2086:2008 Qeshm
2076:2005 Qeshm
2051:1997 Qayen
2031:1981 Sirch
2016:1978 Tabas
1971:1953 Torud
1905:1840 Ahora
1853:Historical
1739:Lituya Bay
1480:ConcepciĂłn
1137:2022-12-05
1098:5 December
1062:References
1019:Sharifabad
1015:Hoseynabad
883:aftershock
864:foreshocks
837:Earthquake
785:Cretaceous
719:to strike
717:earthquake
702:Casualties
686:Foreshocks
630:47°52â˛01âłE
627:34°17â˛24âłN
537: time
2151:2020 Khoy
1767:Kamchatka
1745:Firuzabad
1629:Nicaragua
1401:Hasankale
1235:130787307
1186:122302270
1031:riverbank
1023:Firuzabad
1000:Jafarabad
914:Mainshock
887:Karkhaneh
872:mainshock
860:Tuyserkan
789:Oligocene
668:intensity
618:Epicenter
594:Magnitude
369:District,
2061:2003 Bam
1996:1972 Qir
1773:Hengchun
1702:Farsinaj
1696:Mongolia
1687:Guerrero
1572:Budapest
1529:Adelaide
1419:San Juan
1410:Hokkaido
1145:citation
1092:archived
1045:See also
1039:Asadabad
1027:Slumping
908:Kolehjub
896:Karkasar
856:Nahavand
852:Asadabad
793:Pliocene
781:Jurassic
777:Triassic
674:MMI IX (
589:22:43:48
430:affected
421:villages
407:greatest
396:situated
382:greatest
375:villages
359:Situated
291:perished
239:Line 58:
236:Line 58:
188:contribs
147:page num
112:contribs
56:Wikitext
1663:Fethiye
1611:Sagaing
1602:Amorgos
1535:Sofades
1431:Damxung
1259:Bibcode
1213:Bibcode
1029:of the
1011:Rudbari
956:Violent
904:Balajub
876:Hamadan
808:fault.
783:, late-
779:, late-
676:Violent
576: (
414:Located
1934:Modern
1733:Huslia
1678:Alborz
1510:Tumbes
1495:Cyprus
1486:Ionian
1342:
1233:
1184:
996:Leylan
980:Khezel
937:Laylan
924:Givaki
565:ComCat
552:884953
523:Tehran
324:9â13}}
321:across
317:killed
208:24,736
132:24,736
67:Inline
49:Visual
1669:Abant
1620:Anjar
1550:Chlef
1462:Torud
1231:S2CID
1182:S2CID
1033:near
984:Solgi
960:adobe
946:VII (
900:Karaj
610:Depth
558:USGS-
418:these
372:these
366:Solgi
210:edits
134:edits
1759:1959
1716:1958
1643:1957
1578:Chim
1564:1956
1521:1954
1504:Suva
1454:1953
1393:1952
1340:ISBN
1151:link
1124:NOAA
1100:2022
1017:and
986:and
926:and
858:and
791:and
771:and
755:The
711:The
697:Yes
689:Yes
666:Max.
659:Iran
597:6.7
560:ANSS
437:1957
435:the
427:also
424:were
405:the
380:the
352:1957
350:the
184:talk
170:undo
165:edit
108:talk
94:edit
1332:doi
1305:doi
1267:doi
1255:174
1221:doi
1209:166
1174:doi
1170:277
1128:doi
935:to
546:ISC
535:UTC
314:and
277:and
2188::
1749:â âĄ
1706:â âĄ
1682:â âĄ
1597:âĄâ
1554:âĄâ
1475:âĄâ
1444:â âĄ
1338:.
1301:27
1299:.
1279:^
1265:.
1253:.
1229:.
1219:.
1207:.
1203:.
1180:.
1168:.
1147:}}
1143:{{
1126:,
1122:,
1090:,
1070:^
998:,
982:,
902:,
898:,
854:,
787:,
433:by
412:.
363:in
357:.
295:in
284:In
223:ce
221::
201:,
197:,
186:|
145::
125:,
121:,
110:|
1838:e
1831:t
1824:v
1805:âĄ
1800:â
1789:âĄ
1728:â
1691:â
1673:â
1633:â
1624:â
1615:â
1606:â
1582:â
1539:â
1499:â
1490:â
1466:â
1435:â
1414:â
1405:â
1379:e
1372:t
1365:v
1348:.
1334::
1321:{
1311:.
1307::
1273:.
1269::
1261::
1237:.
1223::
1215::
1188:.
1176::
1153:)
1130::
728:w
726:M
678:)
602:w
600:M
580:)
400:,
310:,
281:.
190:)
182:(
114:)
106:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
