Hot chocolate: Difference between revisions

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States and Canada, the drink is popular in instant form, made with hot water or milk from a packet containing mostly cocoa powder, ], and dry milk.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/3883796/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040412212052/http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/3883796/|url-status=dead|archive-date=April 12, 2004|title=Hot chocolate like you've never tasted before|last=Rosengarten|first=David|date=January 6, 2004|publisher=TODAY|access-date=December 20, 2009}}</ref> This is the thinner of the two main variations.<ref name="Thicker">{{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/printedition/life/20061208/dd_chocolate08.art.htm|title=Warming up to real hot chocolate |last=Billet|first=Felisa|date=October 23, 2009|work=USA TODAY|access-date=December 20, 2009}}</ref> It is very sweet and may be topped with ]s, ], or a piece of solid chocolate. Hot chocolate was first brought to North America as early as the 17th century by the Dutch, but the first time colonists began selling hot chocolate was around 1755.<ref name="Illustrated">{{Cite book|last=Morton|first=Marcia|author2=Frederic Morton|title=Chocolate, an Illustrated History|publisher=Crown Publishers |location=New York|year=1986}}</ref> Traditionally, hot chocolate has been associated with cold weather and winter in the United States and Canada.<ref>{{cite web |last=Sciscenti|first=Mark J. |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/feb/07/why-we-drink-hot-chocolate-in-the-winter|title=Why We Drink Hot Chocolate in the Winter|work= The Guardian|date=February 7, 2015|access-date=February 17, 2015}}</ref>

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and other ingredients.<ref name="Riches" /> They then poured the drink back and forth from a cup to a pot until a thick foam developed.<ref name="Trivedi" /> Chocolate was available to Maya of all social classes, although the wealthy drank chocolate from "large spouted vessels" that were often buried with elites.<ref name="Trivedi">{{cite magazine|last1=Trivedi|first1=Bijal|title=Ancient Chocolate Found in Maya "Teapot"|url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/07/0717_020717_TVchocolate.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020720150636/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/07/0717_020717_TVchocolate.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 20, 2002|magazine=National Geographic|access-date=July 15, 2017|date=July 17, 2012}}</ref> An early Classic period (460-480 AD) Mayan tomb from the site of Rio Azul, Guatemala, had vessels with the ] for cacao on them with residue of a chocolate drink.<ref name="Riches">{{Cite book|last=Burleigh|first=Robert|title=Chocolate: Riches from the Rainforest|publisher=Harry N. Abrams, Ins., Publishers|year=2002|isbn=0-8109-5734-5}}</ref><ref name="M&M's">{{Cite book|last=Earley|first=Diane|title=The Official M&M's History of Chocolate|publisher=Charlesbridge Publishing|year=2001|isbn=1-57091-448-6|url=https://archive.org/details/officialmmshisto00pell}}</ref>

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Spain|url=http://travel.nationalgeographic.com/travel/international-foods/hot-chocolate-churros-spain/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111003005832/http://travel.nationalgeographic.com/travel/international-foods/hot-chocolate-churros-spain/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 3, 2011 |work=National Geographic Traveler|access-date=July 9, 2017|date=November–December 2010}}</ref> In the Netherlands, hot chocolate is a very popular drink, known as {{lang|nl|warme chocolademelk}}. It is often served at home or in cafes. In France, hot chocolate is often served at breakfast time. Sometimes sliced bread spread with butter, jam, honey, or ] is dunked into the hot chocolate.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Poncelin|first1=Pamela|title=Culinary Ambassadors: Breakfast in France|url=http://www.seriouseats.com/2010/09/culinary-ambassadors-breakfast-in-france.html|publisher=Serious Eats|access-date=July 10, 2017|archive-date=July 9, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170709021811/http://www.seriouseats.com/2010/09/culinary-ambassadors-breakfast-in-france.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

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1253: 312:|last8=Argout |first8=Xavier |last9=Guichoux |first9=Erwan |last10=Salin |first10=Franck |last11=Solorzano |first11=Rey Loor |last12=Bouchez |first12=Olivier |last13=Vignes |first13=Hélène |last14=Severts |first14=Patrick |last15=Hurtado |first15=Julio |date=2018-10-29 |title=The use and domestication of Theobroma cacao during the mid-Holocene in the upper Amazon |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-018-0697-x |url-status=live |journal=] |language=en |volume=2 |issue=12 |pages=1879–1888 |bibcode=2018NatEE...2.1879Z |doi=10.1038/s41559-018-0697-x |issn=2397-334X |pmid=30374172 |s2cid=53099825 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230309082751/https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-018-0697-x |archive-date=9 March 2023 |access-date=29 January 2024}}</ref> and later consumed by the ] around 2, 296:|last8=Argout |first8=Xavier |last9=Guichoux |first9=Erwan |last10=Salin |first10=Franck |last11=Solorzano |first11=Rey Loor |last12=Bouchez |first12=Olivier |last13=Vignes |first13=Hélène |last14=Severts |first14=Patrick |last15=Hurtado |first15=Julio |date=2018-10-29 |title=The use and domestication of Theobroma cacao during the mid-Holocene in the upper Amazon |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-018-0697-x |url-status=live |journal=] |language=en |volume=2 |issue=12 |pages=1879–1888 |bibcode=2018NatEE...2.1879Z |doi=10.1038/s41559-018-0697-x |issn=2397-334X |pmid=30374172 |s2cid=53099825 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230309082751/https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-018-0697-x |archive-date=9 March 2023 |access-date=29 January 2024}}</ref> and later consumed by the ] around 2, 1214: 490:

William (1838). ''History of the Conquest of Mexico''. {{ISBN|0-375-75803-8}}.</ref><ref name="Rediscover">{{cite web|url=http://whatscookingamerica.net/Beverage/HotChocolate.htm|last=Stradley|first=Linda |title=Rediscover True Hot Chocolate - History of Hot Chocolate|access-date=June 27, 2008|publisher=What's Cooking America|year=2004}}</ref> The drink tasted spicy and bitter as opposed to sweetened modern hot chocolate.<ref name="Riches" /> As to when {{lang|nah|xocōlātl}} was first served hot, sources conflict on when and by whom.<ref name="Riches" /><ref name="Rediscover" /> However, ], a Spanish ] missionary who lived in ] and then ] in the later 16th century, described {{lang|nah|xocōlātl}} as:

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1651: 1175: 1191: 1230: 270:'''Hot chocolate''', also known as '''hot cocoa''' or '''drinking chocolate''', is a heated ] consisting of shaved or melted ] or ], heated ] or ], and usually a ]. It is often garnished with ] or ]. Hot chocolate made with melted chocolate is sometimes called drinking chocolate, characterized by less sweetness and a thicker consistency.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Chocolate: history, culture, and heritage |last1=Grivetti |first1=Louis E. |first2=Howard-Yana |last2=Shapiro |author-link2=Howard-Yana Shapiro |year=2009 |publisher=John Wiley and Sons |isbn=978-0-470-12165-8 |page=345 }}</ref> 263:'''Hot chocolate''', also known as '''hot cocoa''' or '''drinking chocolate''', is a heated ] consisting of shaved or melted ] or ], heated ] or ], and usually a ]. It is often garnished with ] or ]. Hot chocolate made with melted chocolate is sometimes called drinking chocolate, characterized by less sweetness and a thicker consistency.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Chocolate: history, culture, and heritage |last1=Grivetti |first1=Louis E. |first2=Howard-Yana |last2=Shapiro |author-link2=Howard-Yana Shapiro |year=2009 |publisher=John Wiley and Sons |isbn=978-0-470-12165-8 |page=345 }}</ref> 1041: 2453: 1537: 4096: 2575: 1515: 1526: 705: 6965: 5177: 4737: 4751: 4843: 1414: 85: 4084: 316:,000 years ago. A cocoa drink was an essential part of ] culture by 1400 AD, by which they referred to as {{lang|nah|xocōlātl}}.<ref name="Trivedi" /> The drink became popular in Europe after being introduced from Mexico in the ] and has undergone multiple changes since then. Until the 19th century, hot chocolate was used medicinally to treat ailments such as liver and stomach diseases. 300:,000 years ago. A cocoa drink was an essential part of ] culture by 1400 AD, by which they referred to as {{lang|nah|xocōlātl}}.<ref name="Trivedi" /> The drink became popular in Europe after being introduced from Mexico in the ] and has undergone multiple changes since then. Until the 19th century, hot chocolate was used medicinally to treat ailments such as liver and stomach diseases. 944:, and other ingredients. They then poured the drink back and forth from a cup to a pot until a thick foam developed. Chocolate was available to Maya of all social classes, although the wealthy drank chocolate from "large spouted vessels" that were often buried with elites. An early Classic period (460-480 AD) Mayan tomb from the site of Rio Azul, Guatemala, had vessels with the 916: 1273: 1103:, where he was introduced to cocoa. He found it 'nauseous' but by mixing it with milk made it more palatable. When Sloane returned to England, he brought the recipe with him, introducing milk chocolate to England. The aristocratic nature of the drink led to chocolate being referred to as "the drink of the gods" in 1797. 1556:, or a piece of solid chocolate. Hot chocolate was first brought to North America as early as the 17th century by the Dutch, but the first time colonists began selling hot chocolate was around 1755. Traditionally, hot chocolate has been associated with cold weather and winter in the United States and Canada. 2424:

The explorer Francisco Hernández wrote that chocolate drinks helped treat fever and liver disease. Another explorer, Santiago de Valverde Turices, believed that large amounts of hot chocolate were helpful in treating chest ailments and that smaller amounts could help stomach disorders. When chocolate

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made of porcelain in place of the hollowed gourds used by the natives. They then further tinkered with the recipes by using spices such as cinnamon, black pepper, anise, and sesame. Many of these things were used to try to recreate the flavor of the native flowers which they could not easily acquire.

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have found evidence that ] chocolate consumption occurred as early as 500 BC, and there is speculation that chocolate predates even the Mayans.<ref name="Trivedi" /> To make the chocolate drink, which was served cold, the Maya ground cocoa seeds into a paste and mixed it with ], ], ]s,

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years starting with the ] culture in what is present-day ]<ref name=":02">{{Cite journal |last1=Zarrillo |first1=Sonia |last2=Gaikwad |first2=Nilesh |last3=Lanaud |first3=Claire |last4=Powis |first4=Terry |last5=Viot |first5=Christopher |last6=Lesur |first6=Isabelle |last7=Fouet |first7=Olivier

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Hot chocolate is consumed throughout the world and comes in multiple variations, including the spiced {{lang|es|chocolate para mesa}} of Latin America, the very thick {{lang|it|cioccolata calda}} served in Italy and {{lang|es|chocolate a la taza}} served in Spain, and the thinner hot cocoa consumed

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Within Mesoamerica many drinks were made from cacao beans, and further enhanced by flowers like vanilla to add flavor. This was a tribute to the Aztecs. The Aztecs, or Mexica, required conquered people to provide them with chocolate. Cups, gourds, cacao beans, as well as other things they acquired

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equivalents (ECE), compared with 340 milligrams of GAE and 163 milligrams of ECE in red wine, and 165 milligrams of GAE and 47 milligrams of ECE in green tea. Chang Yong Lee, the professor and researcher at Cornell who conducted the study, revealed that larger amounts of antioxidants are released

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Sweet-tasting hot chocolate was then invented, leading hot chocolate to become a luxury item among the European nobility by the 17th century. Even when the first Chocolate House (an establishment similar to a modern coffee shop) opened in 1657, chocolate was still very expensive, costing 50 to 75

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Loathsome to such as are not acquainted with it, having a scum or froth that is very unpleasant taste. Yet it is a drink very much esteemed among the Indians, where with they feast noble men who pass through their country. The Spaniards, both men and women, that are accustomed to the country, are

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Because ] was yet to come to the Americas,<ref name="Riches" /> {{lang|nah|xocōlātl}} was said to be an ]. What the Spaniards then called {{lang|nah|xocōlātl}} was said to be a drink consisting of a chocolate base flavored with ] and other spices that was served cold.<ref>Hickling,

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In further studies conducted by Dr. Norman K. Hollenberg, professor of medicine at Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School found that flavonols may also help vessels dilate and help keep platelets from clustering on the blood vessel walls. Flavonoids found in hot chocolate are

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Hot chocolate with ] is the traditional working-man's ] in Spain. This style of hot chocolate can be extremely thick, often having the consistency of warm chocolate ].<ref name="NatGeo">{{cite web|last1=Hall|first1=Christopher|title=Where to Find the Best Hot Chocolate and Churros in

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web|url=http://www.differencebetween.net/object/comparisons-of-food-items/difference-between-mocha-and-coffee/|title=Difference Between Mocha and Coffee {{!}} Difference Between {{!}} Mocha vs Coffee|date=January 11, 2012 |language=en-US|access-date=March 11, 2019}}</ref>

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from cacao seeds, leaving a purer chocolate powder behind. This powder was easier to stir into milk and water. As a result, another very important discovery was made: solid chocolate. By using cocoa powder and low amounts of cocoa butter, it was then possible to manufacture

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found in the cocoa that makes up hot chocolate also have a positive effect on arterial health. A particular study performed by the National Institutes of Health partially supported by Mars Chocolate company showed high amounts of improvement in blood flow after drinking a

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Zarrillo, Sonia; Gaikwad, Nilesh; Lanaud, Claire; Powis, Terry; Viot, Christopher; Lesur, Isabelle; Fouet, Olivier; Argout, Xavier; Guichoux, Erwan; Salin, Franck; Solorzano, Rey Loor; Bouchez, Olivier; Vignes, Hélène; Severts, Patrick; Hurtado, Julio (October 29, 2018).

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Hot chocolate mixed with espresso or coffee under the name of ] is sold in coffee shops around the United States and elsewhere. This particular name comes from the town Mocha, Yemen, where a specific blend of coffee with the same name is grown.<ref>{{Cite

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National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Food and Nutrition Board; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium (2019). Oria, Maria; Harrison, Meghan; Stallings, Virginia A. (eds.).

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or comparable ingredients so it can be made without using milk; sugar or other sweeteners; and typically stabilizers and thickeners. However, mixes can vary widely (between countries and often between brands) in ingredients included, their ratio and their

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Schokolade|url=https://www.thespruce.com/kakao-oder-heisse-schokolade-1446917|publisher=the spruce|access-date=July 9, 2017|date=April 4, 2017}}</ref> One of the thick forms of hot chocolate served in Europe is the ] {{lang|it|cioccolata calda}}.

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in the United States. Prepared hot chocolate can be purchased from a range of establishments, including ]s, ]s, ]s and ]s. Powdered hot chocolate mixes, which can be added to boiling water or hot milk to make the drink at home, are sold at ]s and ].

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A distinction is sometimes made between "hot cocoa", made from cocoa powder (ground cacao beans from which much of the cocoa butter has been removed), and "hot chocolate", made directly from bar chocolate, which already contains cocoa, sugar, and

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In mainland Europe (particularly Spain and Italy), hot chocolate is sometimes served very thick due to the use of a thickening agent such as cornstarch.<ref name="European">{{cite web|last1=McGavin|first1=Jennifer|title=Kakao oder Heisse

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mainland Europe (particularly Spain and Italy), hot chocolate is sometimes served very thick due to the use of a thickening agent such as cornstarch.<ref name="European">{{cite web|last1=McGavin|first1=Jennifer|title=Kakao oder Heisse

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very greedy of this Chocolate. They say they make diverse sorts of it, some hot, some cold, and some temperate, and put therein much of that "chili"; yea, they make paste thereof, the which they say is good for the stomach and against the

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Cacao became used as a currency throughout Mesoamerica. The Aztecs used chocolate to show high status: it was a bad omen for someone low or common to drink chocolate. Europeans' first recorded contact with chocolate was not until 1502 on

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was the other popular trend which was seen as good for the body but bad for the mind. Chocolate began being consumed as a way to replenish one's body from the effects that coffee caused. It was said to nourish one's body and potency.

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chocolate consumption occurred as early as 500 BC, and there is speculation that chocolate predates even the Mayans. To make the chocolate drink, which was served cold, the Maya ground cocoa seeds into a paste and mixed it with

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is enjoyed as part of breakfast with bread and soft, fresh farmer's cheese. Colombian hot chocolate is often topped with a soft farmer's cheese or other mild cheese. Similarly, hot chocolate in Ecuador is often topped with cheese.

1087:(approximately 10–15 shillings) a pound (roughly £45–65 in 2016). At the time, hot chocolate was often mixed with spices for flavor; one notable recipe was hot chocolate "infused with fresh jasmine flowers, amber, musk, vanilla and 1276: 3050: 1427:

In mainland Europe (particularly Spain and Italy), hot chocolate is sometimes served very thick due to the use of a thickening agent such as cornstarch. One of the thick forms of hot chocolate served in Europe is the

3852: 1292:. Thus, the major difference between the two is the cocoa butter, the absence of which makes hot cocoa significantly lower in fat than hot chocolate while still preserving all the antioxidants found in chocolate. 2496:-rich cocoa drink. In the study, the subjects (27 people ages 18 to 72) drank a cocoa drink containing 900 milligrams of flavonols every day, which resulted in an improvement in blood flow and the function of 1393:

and is widely consumed in many parts of the world. European hot chocolate tends to be relatively thick and rich, while in the United States the thinner instant version is consumed more often. In

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in 1528, bringing cocoa beans and chocolate drink making equipment with them. At this time, chocolate still only existed in the bitter drink invented by the Mayas. Sweet hot chocolate and

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is sold in coffee shops around the United States and elsewhere. This particular name comes from the town Mocha, Yemen, where a specific blend of coffee with the same name is grown.

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When chocolate first began to grow in popularity it was opposed by the Catholic church. It was seen to lack the ability to break fast, seeing as it was consumed in its liquid form.

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when members of the Spanish royal family married other European aristocrats. At the time, chocolate was very expensive in Europe because the cocoa beans only grew in South America.

1275: 1252: 3041: 1229: 3831: 1213: 370:]|url= http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/s/silverware-design-themes/ |title= Silver Chocolate Pot|work=Metalwork|access-date= August 18, 2007}}</ref> ], London.]] 363:]|url= http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/s/silverware-design-themes/ |title= Silver Chocolate Pot|work=Metalwork|access-date= August 18, 2007}}</ref> ], London.]] 2429:

content. Today, hot chocolate is consumed for pleasure rather than medicinally, but new research suggests that there may be other health benefits attributed to the drink.

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was introduced to the French in the 17th century, it was reportedly used "to fight against fits of anger and bad moods", which may be attributed to chocolate's

1458:. It is often served at home or in cafes. In France, hot chocolate is often served at breakfast time. Sometimes sliced bread spread with butter, jam, honey, or 856:

and has undergone multiple changes since then. Until the 19th century, hot chocolate was used medicinally to treat ailments such as liver and stomach diseases.

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served in Spain, and the thinner hot cocoa consumed in the United States. Prepared hot chocolate can be purchased from a range of establishments, including

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Lee, KW; Kim, YJ; Lee, HJ; Lee, CY (December 3, 2003). "Cocoa has more phenolic phytochemicals and a higher antioxidant capacity than teas and red wine".

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due to the Nigerian custom of referring to drinks consumed in the morning as "tea". Many regions have distinctive additives or toppings, ranging from

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In the United States and Canada, the drink is popular in instant form, made with hot water or milk from a packet containing mostly cocoa powder,

6167: 4581: 827:. Hot chocolate made with melted chocolate is sometimes called drinking chocolate, characterized by less sweetness and a thicker consistency. 6553: 5914: 3663: 3142: 4618: 3610: 5812: 5643: 4792: 2475:

than wine and tea, therefore reducing the risk of heart disease. In a single serving of cocoa, the researchers found 611 milligrams of

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Aztec king was craving something bitter but sweet so his servants made him a drink out of cacao beans and now it is a popular drink.

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and other spices that was served cold. The drink tasted spicy and bitter as opposed to sweetened modern hot chocolate. As to when

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usually refers to a drink made with cocoa powder, hot milk or water, and sweetened to taste with sugar (or not sweetened at all).

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We call everything we drink in the morning "tea" even if it's not."Daddy, why do Nigerians call hot cocoa 'tea'?" she asked me.

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Several negative effects can be attributed to drinking hot chocolate, as some hot chocolate recipes contain high amounts of

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After defeating Montezuma's warriors and demanding that the Aztec nobles hand over their valuables, Cortés returned to

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beans, dissolved in water and milk. Like in Spanish and Latin American versions, the drink is traditionally made in a

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Even further variations of hot chocolate exist. In some cafes in Belgium and other areas in Europe, one who orders a

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were yet to be invented. After its introduction to Europe, the drink slowly gained popularity. The Imperial Court of

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receives a cup of steaming white milk and a small bowl of bittersweet chocolate chips to dissolve in the milk. One

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then came to mean solid chocolate rather than hot chocolate, with the first chocolate bar being created in 1847.

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Research has shown that the consumption of hot chocolate can be positive for one's health. A study conducted by

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in Spain. This style of hot chocolate can be extremely thick, often having the consistency of warm chocolate

1064: 1035: 190: 4099: 3169: 2403: 6403: 6107: 5653: 4370: 3819: 1808: 1129: 4017: 6206: 4645: 2897: 1824: 1096: 1548:, and dry milk. This is the thinner of the two main variations. It is very sweet and may be topped with 7026: 7021: 5315: 4587: 2753: 2565: 2413: 1654: 1120: 920: 859:

Hot chocolate is consumed throughout the world and comes in multiple variations, including the spiced

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is usually defatted. However, adding fat to defatted cocoa powder will increase its bioavailability.

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The first chocolate drink is believed to have been created at least 5,300 years starting with the

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Baggott, MJ; Childs, E; Hart, AB; de Bruin, E; Palmer, AA; Wilkinson, JE; de Wit, H (July 2013).

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In Mexico, hot chocolate remains a popular national drink, often including semi-sweet chocolate,

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chocolate grated or chopped into small pieces and stirred into milk with the addition of sugar.

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According to tradition, the Italian version cioccolata calda was first born in

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From the 16th to 19th centuries, hot chocolate was valued as a medicine as well as a drink.

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for adults, except for potassium, which is estimated based on expert recommendation from

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is a hot chocolate drink made from adding a chocolate bar and sugar to hot steamed milk.

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beneficial to health mainly because they shield the walls of blood vessels from

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Today, hot chocolate in the form of drinking chocolate or cocoa is considered a

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The School of Sophisticated Drinking: An Intoxicating History of Seven Spirits

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soon adopted the drink, and what was then only known as "chocolate" became a

1060: 1018: 894: 820: 714: 3611:"Difference Between Mocha and Coffee | Difference Between | Mocha vs Coffee" 61: 6906: 6854: 6689: 6448: 5948: 5822: 5479: 5370: 5330: 5276: 5134: 5084: 5079: 4571: 4487: 4269: 4244: 4166: 4161: 3969: 3935:

Tastes of paradise: a social history of spices, stimulants, and intoxicants

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may be based on cocoa powder, powdered chocolate, or both; often includes

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Whipped cream and marshmallows are frequently added to hot chocolate.

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The first chocolate drink is believed to have been created at least 5,

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The first chocolate drink is believed to have been created at least 5,

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Milk, chocolate beverage, hot cocoa, homemade - USDA FoodData Central

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was first served hot, sources conflict on when and by whom. However,

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around 2,500–3,000 years ago. A cocoa drink was an essential part of

816: 800: 754: 710: 6749: 5921: 3290:"Some Like It Hot: Hot Chocolate & Hot Cocoa Mixes: An Overview" 1525: 971:

was said to be a drink consisting of a chocolate base flavored with

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A graph showing the amounts of antioxidants contained in cocoa,

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Cuestión moral: si el chocolate quebranta el ayuno eclesiástico

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Whether chocolate breaks ecclesiastical fast: a moral question

1559:

Hot chocolate mixed with espresso or coffee under the name of

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developed the first cocoa powder producing machine in the

3990:"Beyond Delicious, Chocolate May Help Pump Up Your Heart" 3313:"Psychopharmacology of theobromine in healthy volunteers" 3310: 1900: 1600:, a hot chocolate drink made with milk and water using a 1398: 998: 976: 966: 956: 847: 2508:

damage. Flavanols are also thought to help reduce blood

1725:), causing the drink to be characteristically frothy. 846:

culture by 1400 AD, by which they referred to as

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for cacao on them with residue of a chocolate drink.

3145:. Middleborough Public Schools. 2008. Archived from 2516:, which may be beneficial to cardiovascular health. 1807:

and other types of bread. It is also popular during

2512:buildup and can balance levels of compounds called 1795:is commonly consumed at breakfast with traditional 3857:Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium 3190: 3040: 1756: 3766:Philippine Food, Cooking, & Dining Dictionary 3637:"Mexican Chocolate: A Short History & Recipe" 2245: 2028: 1746: 1707:and briskly mixed with a wooden baton called the 1481:). It is often served with whipped cream on top. 1475:) is distinguished from those made from powders ( 6983: 3762: 3515:"Hot chocolate like you've never tasted before" 3390: 3359: 3287: 3227:"Why Hot Cocoa Is Healthier Than Hot Chocolate" 2599: 3812: 3564: 3562: 3075:. Cadbury Trebor Bassett. 2008. Archived from 2965:. Cadbury Trebor Bassett. 2008. Archived from 1518:Traditional Spanish hot chocolate served with 1113:Black pepper was used to replace chillies and 5206: 4786: 4121: 1790: 1772: 1766: 1740: 1726: 1720: 1714: 1692: 1679:, the native hot chocolate drink is known as 1432: 1283:Process of making homemade drinking chocolate 1107: 872: 866: 860: 683:Heated beverage of chocolate in milk or water 3947: 3932: 3758: 3756: 3741:. Rischmoller Real Estate. November 30, 2012 3455:Hall, Christopher (November–December 2010). 2868: 2866: 2864: 2862: 2860: 2809: 1737:sugar and has a distinctive grainy texture. 1501: 1491: 1476: 1470: 210: 3664:"Hot Chocolate is Historical Mexican Drink" 3559: 3512: 3488:"Culinary Ambassadors: Breakfast in France" 3427: 3425: 3423: 3421: 2819:The Official M&M's History of Chocolate 2471:has shown that hot chocolate contains more 1485: 1453: 1418: 1207:c. 1776 designed for drinking hot chocolate 5213: 5199: 4793: 4779: 4128: 4114: 3950:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 3820:United States Food and Drug Administration 3788: 3786: 3690:"Colombian Hot Chocolate: Just Add Cheese" 3630: 3628: 3586:"Why We Drink Hot Chocolate in the Winter" 3360:Ehmer, Kersten; Hindermann, Beate (2015). 2895: 2716:"Ancient Chocolate Found in Maya "Teapot"" 1469:, hot chocolate made by melted chocolate ( 703: 27: 4012: 4010: 3753: 3583: 3336: 3283: 3281: 3279: 2857: 2709: 2707: 2705: 2703: 2606:Chocolate: history, culture, and heritage 3983: 3981: 3979: 3711: 3709: 3707: 3687: 3569:Morton, Marcia; Frederic Morton (1986). 3418: 3252: 3250: 3248: 3168:Klein, Christopher (February 13, 2014). 3034: 3032: 3030: 2987: 2872: 2790: 2786: 2784: 2782: 2780: 2778: 2776: 2774: 2772: 2770: 2479:equivalents (GAE) and 564 milligrams of 2451: 1649: 1535: 1524: 1513: 1412: 1377:Rum is added to hot chocolate to make a 1365:contain significant amount of fats, but 1271: 1039: 927:Archaeologists have found evidence that 914: 28: 3792: 3783: 3661: 3634: 3625: 3584:Sciscenti, Mark J. (February 7, 2015). 3533: 3431: 3220: 3218: 2713: 6984: 4599:European Cocoa and Chocolate Directive 4007: 3988:Olson, Elizabeth (February 17, 2004). 3900: 3894: 3793:Cabrera, Maryanne (January 27, 2018). 3635:Moncayo, Jennifer (January 28, 2013). 3539: 3513:Rosengarten, David (January 6, 2004). 3448: 3276: 3113: 3006: 2955: 2951:. Berkeley: Univ. of California Press. 2946: 2931: 2815: 2700: 1639: 1506:, contains an egg yolk for thickness. 1029: 679:Revision as of 18:48, 21 February 2024 164:Revision as of 18:48, 21 February 2024 104:Revision as of 18:47, 21 February 2024 6543:Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus 5194: 4923:Vermeer Dutch Chocolate Cream Liqueur 4774: 4614:International Cocoa Quarantine Centre 4109: 3987: 3976: 3928: 3926: 3924: 3704: 3662:Johnson, Dorothy (December 6, 1942). 3245: 3167: 3053:from the original on January 12, 2022 3038: 3027: 2927: 2925: 2923: 2921: 2919: 2917: 2915: 2795:. Harry N. Abrams, Ins., Publishers. 2793:Chocolate: Riches from the Rainforest 2767: 2528:, hot chocolate's Mexican counterpart 1731:is typically sweetened with a bit of 1075:. Additionally, cocoa was given as a 997:in the later 16th century, described 452: 396: 4800: 4582:Côte d'Ivoire–Ghana Cocoa Initiative 4102:at the Wikibooks Cookbook subproject 3941: 3903:"Can Chocolate Benefit Your Health?" 3688:Bakshani, Nikkitha (March 4, 2015). 3485: 3454: 3391:Kperogi, Farooq (January 26, 2014). 3224: 3215: 2608:. John Wiley and Sons. p. 345. 919:Silver chocolate pot, France, 1779. 94: 60: 4651:Production in São Tomé and Príncipe 3834:from the original on March 27, 2024 3795:"sokolate (Filipino Hot Chocolate)" 3639:. The Latin Kitchen. Archived from 3540:Billet, Felisa (October 23, 2009). 3432:McGavin, Jennifer (April 4, 2017). 3193:"THE HISTORY OF CHOCOLATE IN TURIN" 2988:Paajanen, Sean (February 6, 2019). 1616:, hot chocolate can be served with 243: 225: 209: 178: 161: 154: 138: 127: 113: 101: 13: 4036: 3921: 3769:. Anvil Publishing, Incorporated. 3542:"Warming up to real hot chocolate" 2912: 2688:from the original on March 9, 2023 2622: 1845:322.168 kJ (77.000 kcal) 1697:), tablets of pure ground roasted 1462:is dunked into the hot chocolate. 965:. What the Spaniards then called 681: 222:) to last revision by Citation bot 131: 49: 7038: 4076: 4047:Chocolate, an Illustrated History 4020:. The Cleveland Clinic. 1995–2008 3571:Chocolate, an Illustrated History 3039:Green, Matthew (March 11, 2017). 2844:History of the Conquest of Mexico 1444:is the traditional working-man's 1166:Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy 1136:. The press separated the greasy 955:was yet to come to the Americas, 865:of Latin America, the very thick 6964: 6963: 6419:Christmas Day (Trading) Act 2004 6314:Old Santeclaus with Much Delight 5176: 5175: 4841: 4749: 4736: 4735: 4609:International Cocoa Organization 4560:Child labour in cocoa production 4094: 4082: 4018:"Your Heart and Vascular Health" 3882:from the original on May 9, 2024 3717:"Hot Chocolate in Latin America" 3170:"The Sweet History of Chocolate" 2714:Trivedi, Bijal (July 17, 2012). 2573: 1591: 1509: 1251: 1228: 1212: 1189: 1173: 1119:, cinnamon was used in place of 4750: 3933:Schivelbusch, Wolfgang (1993). 3731: 3681: 3655: 3603: 3577: 3506: 3479: 3384: 3353: 3304: 3184: 3161: 3135: 3091: 3065: 3000: 2981: 2940: 1781:. All are derived from Spanish 1540:Hot chocolate with marshmallows 1071:drink popular with the Spanish 834:culture in what is present-day 799:consisting of shaved or melted 6399:Bronner's Christmas Wonderland 6328:Christmas Day in the Workhouse 5711:Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer 5490:Legend of the Christmas Spider 3905:. Open Kitchen. Archived from 3490:. Serious Eats. Archived from 3434:"Kakao oder Heisse Schokolade" 3011:. David Pearce. Archived from 3009:"Cacao and Chocolate Timeline" 2889: 2836: 2738: 2637:Nature Ecology & Evolution 2593: 2436:, hydrogenated oils, or fats. 1336: 1267: 690:Hot chocolate (disambiguation) 1: 6350:Christmas television specials 6249:The New Oxford Book of Carols 5336:Annunciation to the shepherds 5220: 4624:Philippine chocolate industry 4135: 3573:. New York: Crown Publishers. 2898:"The Sweet Lure of Chocolate" 2586: 1405:and whipped cream to cheese. 1091:." In the late 17th century, 1036:History of chocolate in Spain 819:. It is often garnished with 677: 634: 623: 543: 531: 436: 425: 416: 407: 303: 287: 6404:Christmas and holiday season 3461:National Geographic Traveler 3123:. The Natural History Museum 2822:. Charlesbridge Publishing. 2402:Percentages estimated using 1258:Cacao Van Houten. Poster by 1130:Coenraad Johannes van Houten 1019:The Essential Codex Mendoza. 18:Browse history interactively 7: 2519: 2447: 1835:Nutritional value per 100 g 1825:Health effects of chocolate 1503:Heiße Schokolade Wiener Art 1472:Heiße Schokolade Wiener Art 1201:Gobelet et soucoupe enfoncé 1097:Royal College of Physicians 10: 7043: 5316:Adoration of the Shepherds 5182:Category: Chocolate drinks 4588:The Dark Side of Chocolate 3937:. New York: Vintage Books. 2936:. OAH Magazine of History. 2842:Hickling, William (1838). 2754:Victoria and Albert Museum 2484:when the drink is heated. 1822: 1643: 1372: 1341: 1160: was moved from 1033: 921:Victoria and Albert Museum 908: 904: 838:and later consumed by the 687: 129: 6959: 6894: 6863: 6810: 6784: 6763: 6642: 6587: 6574: 6560:WWE Tribute to the Troops 6372: 6321:A Visit from St. Nicholas 6267: 6242:The Oxford Book of Carols 6178: 6009: 5818:Feast of the Seven Fishes 5731: 5652: 5563: 5440: 5381:Massacre of the Innocents 5294: 5230: 5173: 5157: 4974: 4943: 4936: 4850: 4839: 4808: 4730: 4664: 4641:Production in Ivory Coast 4542: 4496: 4353: 4278: 4182: 4145: 4060:Turback, Michael (2005). 4045:; Morton, Marcia (1986). 3763:Polistico, Edgie (2017). 3329:10.1007/s00213-013-3021-0 2791:Burleigh, Robert (2002). 2658:10.1038/s41559-018-0697-x 2500:that line blood vessels. 2401: 2397: 2387: 2377: 2369: 2357: 2353: 2345: 2332: 2319: 2306: 2293: 2280: 2267: 2254: 2233: 2229: 2225: 2212: 2199: 2186: 2173: 2160: 2144: 2127: 2111: 2094: 2077: 2060: 2050: 2037: 2016: 2012: 2008: 2001: 1997: 1987: 1977: 1961: 1957: 1953: 1943: 1933: 1923: 1913: 1897: 1893: 1889: 1879: 1869: 1853: 1849: 1839: 1834: 1818: 1408: 1106:The Spanish began to use 772: 750: 742: 734: 722: 702: 586: 583: 498: 495: 461: 441: 432: 421: 412: 387: 354: 351: 254: 251: 160: 100: 6362:Apollo 8 Genesis reading 4619:Manufacturers (vertical) 3901:Bonneville, Marguerite. 3288:The Nibble (2005–2008). 3191:Exclusive Brand Torino. 2947:Berdan, Frances (1992). 2896:Spadaccini, Jim (2008). 2877:. What's Cooking America 2873:Stradley, Linda (2004). 2554:List of chocolate drinks 1417:Hot chocolate is called 1384: 1125:, sugar replaced honey. 989:missionary who lived in 6524:Small Business Saturday 6394:Black Friday (shopping) 6389:Black Friday (partying) 5883:Nine Lessons and Carols 5813:Events and celebrations 5014:Brownie Chocolate Drink 4478:Chocolate-covered foods 3517:. TODAY. Archived from 3292:. Lifestyle Direct, Inc 3121:"About Sir Hans Sloane" 3101:. Bank of England. 2017 2404:US recommendations 1773: 1767: 1757: 1747: 999: 977: 967: 957: 848: 724:Country of origin 99: 6168:Post-War United States 4656:World Cocoa Foundation 3197:Exclusive Brand Torino 3007:Pearce, David (2008). 2934:Conquests of Chocolate 2932:Norton, Marcy (2004). 2816:Earley, Diane (2001). 2746:"Silver Chocolate Pot" 2464: 2408:the National Academies 1791: 1741: 1727: 1721: 1715: 1693: 1672: 1541: 1533: 1522: 1502: 1492: 1486: 1477: 1471: 1454: 1433: 1424: 1419: 1346: 1284: 1108: 1052: 1014: 924: 873: 867: 861: 6217:Hit singles in the US 6212:Hit singles in the UK 5773:Carols by Candlelight 5701:Santa Claus' daughter 5309:Adoration of the Magi 4646:Production in Nigeria 4604:Harkin–Engel Protocol 4393:Chocolate chip cookie 3172:. The History Channel 2455: 2003:Vitamins and minerals 1653: 1539: 1528: 1517: 1416: 1321:Instant hot chocolate 1282: 1164: to Turin, 1043: 1005: 918: 909:Further information: 883:fast food restaurants 7012:Non-alcoholic drinks 7002:Mesoamerican cuisine 6509:Santa's Candy Castle 5833:Google Santa Tracker 5165:Outline of chocolate 4594:Environmental impact 4453:Cioccolato di Modica 4091:at Wikimedia Commons 4049:. Crown Publishers. 3799:The Little Epicurean 3719:. Viva Travel Guides 3403:on February 23, 2017 3015:on February 19, 2005 2602:Shapiro, Howard-Yana 2600:Grivetti, Louis E.; 2549:Hot chocolate effect 1668:rice cakes and ripe 1239:) drinking a cup of 1221:Jean-Étienne Liotard 1219:The Chocolate Girl. 911:History of chocolate 871:served in Italy and 717:and chocolate flakes 688:For other uses, see 602:] on hot chocolate]] 595:] on hot chocolate]] 214:Reverted 3 edits by 6514:Santa Claus Village 6429:Christmas Mountains 6335:Journey of the Magi 5341:Baptism of the Lord 4711:Military chocolate 4672:Chocolate addiction 4629:Production in Ghana 4418:Chocolate ice cream 4235:Tetramethylpyrazine 4064:. Ten Speed Press. 3233:on January 22, 2009 3143:"Chocolate History" 3079:on October 28, 2007 3047:The Daily Telegraph 2969:on October 21, 2007 2720:National Geographic 2650:2018NatEE...2.1879Z 1831: 1640:Spanish East Indies 1455:warme chocolademelk 1440:Hot chocolate with 1423:in the Netherlands. 1420:warme chocolademelk 1182:Chantilly porcelain 1095:, president of the 1030:European adaptation 874:chocolate a la taza 862:chocolate para mesa 699: 6624:Twelve-dish supper 6474:Jews and Christmas 6424:Christmas Lectures 6153:American Civil War 5888:NORAD Tracks Santa 5264:Saint Nicholas Day 4809:Traditional drinks 4682:Chocolate fountain 4408:Chocolate crackles 3994:The New York Times 3643:on August 21, 2017 3613:. January 11, 2012 3486:Poncelin, Pamela. 3467:on October 3, 2011 3317:Psychopharmacology 3264:. November 6, 2003 3225:Craddock, Darren. 3073:"Chocolate Houses" 2559:List of hot drinks 2469:Cornell University 2465: 2359:Other constituents 1829: 1685:. It is made from 1673: 1542: 1534: 1523: 1425: 1285: 1053: 961:was said to be an 925: 793:drinking chocolate 697: 176: 111: 7027:Food combinations 7022:Mexican chocolate 6979: 6978: 6955: 6954: 6619:Thirteen desserts 6539:Virginia O'Hanlon 6384:Advent Conspiracy 6298:Films (Christmas, 6290:A Christmas Carol 6235:Carols for Choirs 5778:Cavalcade of Magi 5758:Boar's Head Feast 5427:Star of Bethlehem 5398:Nativity of Jesus 5386:flight into Egypt 5271:St. Stephen's Day 5188: 5187: 5153: 5152: 5120:Stephen's Gourmet 5039:Chocolate Soldier 4868:Chocolate liqueur 4811:(maize and cacao) 4768: 4767: 4692:Chocolate museums 4687:Legal definitions 4634:Ghana Cocoa Board 4550:Organic chocolate 4504:Aerated chocolate 4448:Chocolate truffle 4433:Chocolate pudding 4423:Chocolate liqueur 4383:Chocolate brownie 4378:Chocolate biscuit 4087:Media related to 3962:10.1021/jf0344385 3867:978-0-309-48834-1 3521:on April 12, 2004 2644:(12): 1879–1888. 2615:978-0-470-12165-8 2498:endothelial cells 2419: 2418: 2349: 2348: 1779:Visayan languages 1745:is also known as 1299:can be made with 1280: 1243:, in a canvas by 1065:Emperor Charles V 1044:Hot chocolate in 782: 781: 738:Brown or chestnut 676: 162: 102: 82: 39: 7034: 6992:Chocolate drinks 6971: 6967: 6966: 6802:Redcurrant sauce 6591: 6585: 6584: 6580: 6554:Winter festivals 6304:Christmas horror 6271: 6182: 6013: 5868:Meals and feasts 5788:Christmas jumper 5735: 5706:Santa's reindeer 5658: 5604:Father Christmas 5568: 5525:Santa's workshop 5446: 5408:in later culture 5286: 5279: 5272: 5265: 5258: 5251: 5244: 5237: 5224: 5215: 5208: 5201: 5192: 5191: 5179: 5178: 4941: 4940: 4845: 4802:Chocolate drinks 4795: 4788: 4781: 4772: 4771: 4758: 4753: 4752: 4744: 4739: 4738: 4555:Fair trade cocoa 4438:Chocolate spread 4282: 4157:Chocolate liquor 4149: 4139: 4130: 4123: 4116: 4107: 4106: 4098: 4086: 4043:Morton, Frederic 4030: 4029: 4027: 4025: 4014: 4005: 4004: 4002: 4000: 3985: 3974: 3973: 3945: 3939: 3938: 3930: 3919: 3918: 3916: 3914: 3909:on July 20, 2012 3898: 3892: 3891: 3889: 3887: 3850: 3844: 3843: 3841: 3839: 3816: 3810: 3809: 3807: 3805: 3790: 3781: 3780: 3760: 3751: 3750: 3748: 3746: 3735: 3729: 3728: 3726: 3724: 3713: 3702: 3701: 3699: 3697: 3692:. The Daily Meal 3685: 3679: 3678: 3676: 3674: 3659: 3653: 3652: 3650: 3648: 3632: 3623: 3622: 3620: 3618: 3607: 3601: 3600: 3598: 3596: 3581: 3575: 3574: 3566: 3557: 3556: 3554: 3552: 3537: 3531: 3530: 3528: 3526: 3510: 3504: 3503: 3501: 3499: 3483: 3477: 3476: 3474: 3472: 3463:. Archived from 3452: 3446: 3445: 3443: 3441: 3429: 3416: 3415: 3410: 3408: 3399:. Archived from 3388: 3382: 3381: 3357: 3351: 3350: 3340: 3308: 3302: 3301: 3299: 3297: 3285: 3274: 3273: 3271: 3269: 3254: 3243: 3242: 3240: 3238: 3229:. Archived from 3222: 3213: 3212: 3210: 3208: 3199:. Archived from 3188: 3182: 3181: 3179: 3177: 3165: 3159: 3158: 3156: 3154: 3139: 3133: 3132: 3130: 3128: 3117: 3111: 3110: 3108: 3106: 3095: 3089: 3088: 3086: 3084: 3069: 3063: 3062: 3060: 3058: 3044: 3036: 3025: 3024: 3022: 3020: 3004: 2998: 2997: 2985: 2979: 2978: 2976: 2974: 2959: 2953: 2952: 2944: 2938: 2937: 2929: 2910: 2909: 2907: 2905: 2893: 2887: 2886: 2884: 2882: 2870: 2855: 2840: 2834: 2833: 2813: 2807: 2806: 2788: 2765: 2764: 2762: 2760: 2742: 2736: 2735: 2733: 2731: 2726:on July 20, 2002 2722:. Archived from 2711: 2698: 2697: 2695: 2693: 2626: 2620: 2619: 2597: 2578: 2577: 2576: 2569: 2427:phenylethylamine 2249: 2149: 2132: 2116: 2099: 2082: 2065: 2039:Vitamin A equiv. 2032: 1999: 1998: 1832: 1828: 1809:Christmas season 1794: 1776: 1770: 1760: 1750: 1744: 1730: 1724: 1718: 1696: 1620:at breakfast on 1532:on hot chocolate 1505: 1495: 1489: 1480: 1474: 1457: 1436: 1434:cioccolata calda 1422: 1361:is fat soluble. 1281: 1260:Adolphe Willette 1255: 1245:Raimundo Madrazo 1232: 1216: 1193: 1177: 1111: 1002: 980: 970: 960: 876: 870: 868:cioccolata calda 864: 851: 815:, and usually a 787:, also known as 773:Related products 725: 707: 700: 696: 241: 240: 235: 223: 212: 204: 194: 175: 170: 152: 151: 146: 136: 135: 134: 125: 110: 83: 74: 73: 71: 66: 64: 56: 53: 32: 31: 21: 19: 7042: 7041: 7037: 7036: 7035: 7033: 7032: 7031: 6982: 6981: 6980: 6975: 6969: 6951: 6917:Pickled herring 6890: 6859: 6806: 6797:Cranberry sauce 6780: 6759: 6735:Red velvet cake 6720:Poppy seed roll 6638: 6589: 6578: 6576: 6570: 6549:White Christmas 6439:Christmas truce 6434:Christmas seals 6414:Christmas creep 6376: 6374: 6368: 6269: 6263: 6180: 6174: 6011: 6005: 5858:Lord of Misrule 5793:Christmas Peace 5743:Advent calendar 5733: 5727: 5676:Knecht Ruprecht 5656: 5654: 5648: 5570: 5566: 5559: 5448: 5444: 5436: 5361:Herod the Great 5296: 5290: 5284: 5277: 5270: 5263: 5256: 5249: 5242: 5235: 5226: 5222: 5219: 5189: 5184: 5169: 5149: 4981: 4979: 4970: 4932: 4846: 4837: 4810: 4804: 4799: 4769: 4764: 4763: 4756: 4742: 4726: 4702:Cocoa smuggling 4677:Chocolate bloom 4660: 4538: 4492: 4443:Chocolate syrup 4413:Chocolate gravy 4403:Chocolate coins 4349: 4280: 4274: 4178: 4173:Theobroma cacao 4147: 4141: 4137: 4134: 4079: 4039: 4037:Further reading 4034: 4033: 4023: 4021: 4016: 4015: 4008: 3998: 3996: 3986: 3977: 3946: 3942: 3931: 3922: 3912: 3910: 3899: 3895: 3885: 3883: 3868: 3851: 3847: 3837: 3835: 3817: 3813: 3803: 3801: 3791: 3784: 3777: 3761: 3754: 3744: 3742: 3737: 3736: 3732: 3722: 3720: 3715: 3714: 3705: 3695: 3693: 3686: 3682: 3672: 3670: 3668:Chicago Tribune 3660: 3656: 3646: 3644: 3633: 3626: 3616: 3614: 3609: 3608: 3604: 3594: 3592: 3582: 3578: 3567: 3560: 3550: 3548: 3538: 3534: 3524: 3522: 3511: 3507: 3497: 3495: 3494:on July 9, 2017 3484: 3480: 3470: 3468: 3453: 3449: 3439: 3437: 3430: 3419: 3406: 3404: 3389: 3385: 3378: 3368:Greystone Books 3358: 3354: 3309: 3305: 3295: 3293: 3286: 3277: 3267: 3265: 3256: 3255: 3246: 3236: 3234: 3223: 3216: 3206: 3204: 3203:on May 21, 2022 3189: 3185: 3175: 3173: 3166: 3162: 3152: 3150: 3149:on July 2, 2008 3141: 3140: 3136: 3126: 3124: 3119: 3118: 3114: 3104: 3102: 3097: 3096: 3092: 3082: 3080: 3071: 3070: 3066: 3056: 3054: 3037: 3028: 3018: 3016: 3005: 3001: 2994:The Spruce Eats 2986: 2982: 2972: 2970: 2961: 2960: 2956: 2945: 2941: 2930: 2913: 2903: 2901: 2900:. Exploratorium 2894: 2890: 2880: 2878: 2871: 2858: 2841: 2837: 2830: 2814: 2810: 2803: 2789: 2768: 2758: 2756: 2744: 2743: 2739: 2729: 2727: 2712: 2701: 2691: 2689: 2627: 2623: 2616: 2598: 2594: 2589: 2584: 2574: 2572: 2564: 2522: 2450: 2411: 2340: 2327: 2314: 2301: 2288: 2275: 2262: 2250: 2220: 2207: 2194: 2181: 2168: 2155: 2147: 2139: 2130: 2122: 2114: 2106: 2097: 2089: 2080: 2072: 2063: 2045: 2033: 2004: 1973: 1968: 1945:Polyunsaturated 1935:Monounsaturated 1909: 1904: 1865: 1860: 1827: 1821: 1787:('chocolate'). 1670:carabao mangoes 1648: 1642: 1594: 1512: 1487:warme chocolade 1478:Trinkschokolade 1411: 1387: 1375: 1349: 1344: 1339: 1272: 1270: 1263: 1256: 1247: 1233: 1224: 1217: 1208: 1194: 1185: 1180:Chocolate cup, 1178: 1093:Sir Hans Sloane 1038: 1032: 1026:fourth voyage. 1017:were listed in 913: 907: 723: 718: 693: 684: 673: 665: 655: 650: 643: 641: 632: 630: 619: 612: 603: 596: 579: 571: 561: 556: 549: 541: 538: 527: 522: 515: 508: 491: 483: 473: 468: 459: 456: 439: 430: 419: 410: 403: 400: 383: 378: 371: 364: 347: 339: 329: 324: 317: 315: 310: 301: 299: 294: 283: 278: 271: 264: 247: 242: 236: 231: 226: 224: 213: 208: 207: 206: 202: 200: 184: 182: 177: 171: 166: 158: 156:← Previous edit 153: 147: 144: 139: 137: 132:→‎North America 130: 128: 126: 119: 117: 112: 106: 98: 97: 96: 95: 93: 92: 91: 90: 89: 88: 79: 75: 69: 67: 62: 59: 57: 54: 52:Content deleted 51: 48: 43:← Previous edit 40: 26: 25: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 7040: 7030: 7029: 7024: 7019: 7017:Christmas food 7014: 7009: 7007:Mexican drinks 7004: 6999: 6994: 6977: 6976: 6974: 6973: 6960: 6957: 6956: 6953: 6952: 6950: 6949: 6944: 6934: 6929: 6924: 6919: 6914: 6909: 6904: 6898: 6896: 6892: 6891: 6889: 6888: 6883: 6878: 6873: 6867: 6865: 6861: 6860: 6858: 6857: 6852: 6851: 6850: 6848:Smoking Bishop 6840: 6835: 6830: 6825: 6820: 6814: 6812: 6808: 6807: 6805: 6804: 6799: 6794: 6788: 6786: 6782: 6781: 6779: 6778: 6773: 6767: 6765: 6761: 6760: 6758: 6757: 6752: 6747: 6742: 6737: 6732: 6727: 6722: 6717: 6712: 6707: 6702: 6697: 6692: 6687: 6682: 6677: 6672: 6667: 6662: 6657: 6652: 6646: 6644: 6640: 6639: 6637: 6636: 6631: 6626: 6621: 6616: 6611: 6606: 6601: 6595: 6593: 6582: 6572: 6571: 6569: 6568: 6563: 6556: 6551: 6546: 6536: 6531: 6529:Super Saturday 6526: 6521: 6516: 6511: 6506: 6501: 6496: 6491: 6486: 6481: 6476: 6471: 6466: 6461: 6459:Giving Tuesday 6456: 6451: 6446: 6441: 6436: 6431: 6426: 6421: 6416: 6411: 6409:Christmas club 6406: 6401: 6396: 6391: 6386: 6380: 6378: 6370: 6369: 6367: 6366: 6365: 6364: 6359: 6347: 6346: 6345: 6338: 6331: 6324: 6317: 6307: 6295: 6294: 6293: 6286: 6275: 6273: 6265: 6264: 6262: 6261: 6260: 6259: 6256:Piae Cantiones 6252: 6245: 6238: 6228: 6222:Music charts ( 6219: 6214: 6209: 6204: 6199: 6198: 6197: 6186: 6184: 6176: 6175: 6173: 6172: 6171: 6170: 6165: 6160: 6155: 6145: 6140: 6135: 6130: 6125: 6120: 6115: 6110: 6105: 6100: 6095: 6090: 6085: 6080: 6075: 6070: 6065: 6064: 6063: 6053: 6048: 6043: 6038: 6033: 6028: 6023: 6017: 6015: 6007: 6006: 6004: 6003: 5998: 5993: 5988: 5983: 5978: 5973: 5968: 5963: 5958: 5951: 5946: 5941: 5934: 5929: 5924: 5919: 5918: 5917: 5907: 5902: 5901: 5900: 5890: 5885: 5880: 5875: 5870: 5865: 5860: 5855: 5850: 5845: 5840: 5835: 5830: 5825: 5820: 5815: 5810: 5805: 5800: 5795: 5790: 5785: 5780: 5775: 5770: 5765: 5760: 5755: 5750: 5745: 5739: 5737: 5729: 5728: 5726: 5725: 5720: 5715: 5714: 5713: 5703: 5698: 5693: 5691:Père Fouettard 5688: 5683: 5678: 5673: 5668: 5662: 5660: 5657:Saint Nicholas 5650: 5649: 5647: 5646: 5641: 5636: 5631: 5626: 5621: 5616: 5611: 5609:Grandpa Indian 5606: 5601: 5596: 5591: 5586: 5585: 5584: 5577:Saint Nicholas 5573: 5571: 5564: 5561: 5560: 5558: 5557: 5552: 5547: 5542: 5537: 5532: 5527: 5522: 5517: 5515:Old Man Winter 5512: 5507: 5502: 5500:Miner's figure 5497: 5492: 5487: 5485:Kallikantzaros 5482: 5477: 5472: 5467: 5462: 5457: 5451: 5449: 5441: 5438: 5437: 5435: 5434: 5429: 5424: 5423: 5422: 5415:Nativity scene 5412: 5411: 5410: 5405: 5395: 5390: 5389: 5388: 5378: 5373: 5368: 5363: 5358: 5353: 5348: 5343: 5338: 5333: 5328: 5323: 5318: 5313: 5312: 5311: 5300: 5298: 5292: 5291: 5289: 5288: 5281: 5274: 5267: 5260: 5253: 5250:Children's Day 5246: 5239: 5236:Blue Christmas 5231: 5228: 5227: 5218: 5217: 5210: 5203: 5195: 5186: 5185: 5174: 5171: 5170: 5168: 5167: 5161: 5159: 5155: 5154: 5151: 5150: 5148: 5147: 5142: 5137: 5132: 5127: 5122: 5117: 5112: 5107: 5102: 5097: 5092: 5087: 5082: 5077: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5052: 5047: 5041: 5036: 5031: 5026: 5021: 5016: 5011: 5006: 5001: 4996: 4991: 4985: 4983: 4982:powdered mixes 4976:Ready to drink 4972: 4971: 4969: 4968: 4963: 4958: 4953: 4947: 4945: 4938: 4934: 4933: 4931: 4930: 4925: 4920: 4915: 4910: 4905: 4900: 4895: 4890: 4885: 4880: 4878:Crème de cacao 4875: 4873:Chocolate milk 4870: 4865: 4860: 4854: 4852: 4851:Generic drinks 4848: 4847: 4840: 4838: 4836: 4835: 4830: 4825: 4820: 4814: 4812: 4806: 4805: 4798: 4797: 4790: 4783: 4775: 4766: 4765: 4762: 4761: 4747: 4732: 4731: 4728: 4727: 4725: 4724: 4723: 4722: 4717: 4709: 4704: 4699: 4694: 4689: 4684: 4679: 4674: 4668: 4666: 4662: 4661: 4659: 4658: 4653: 4648: 4643: 4638: 4637: 4636: 4626: 4621: 4616: 4611: 4606: 4601: 4596: 4591: 4584: 4579: 4574: 4569: 4564: 4563: 4562: 4552: 4546: 4544: 4540: 4539: 4537: 4536: 4531: 4526: 4521: 4516: 4511: 4506: 4500: 4498: 4494: 4493: 4491: 4490: 4485: 4483:Mint chocolate 4480: 4475: 4470: 4465: 4460: 4455: 4450: 4445: 4440: 4435: 4430: 4428:Chocolate milk 4425: 4420: 4415: 4410: 4405: 4400: 4398:Chocolate chip 4395: 4390: 4388:Chocolate cake 4385: 4380: 4375: 4374: 4373: 4363: 4357: 4355: 4351: 4350: 4348: 4347: 4342: 4337: 4332: 4327: 4322: 4317: 4312: 4307: 4302: 4297: 4292: 4286: 4284: 4276: 4275: 4273: 4272: 4267: 4262: 4257: 4252: 4247: 4242: 4237: 4232: 4227: 4222: 4220:Phenethylamine 4217: 4212: 4207: 4202: 4197: 4192: 4186: 4184: 4180: 4179: 4177: 4176: 4169: 4164: 4159: 4153: 4151: 4143: 4142: 4133: 4132: 4125: 4118: 4110: 4104: 4103: 4092: 4078: 4077:External links 4075: 4074: 4073: 4058: 4038: 4035: 4032: 4031: 4006: 3975: 3956:(25): 7292–5. 3940: 3920: 3893: 3866: 3845: 3811: 3782: 3775: 3752: 3730: 3703: 3680: 3654: 3624: 3602: 3576: 3558: 3532: 3505: 3478: 3447: 3417: 3383: 3376: 3370:. p. 32. 3352: 3303: 3275: 3244: 3214: 3183: 3160: 3134: 3112: 3090: 3064: 3026: 2999: 2980: 2954: 2939: 2911: 2888: 2856: 2835: 2828: 2808: 2801: 2766: 2737: 2699: 2621: 2614: 2591: 2590: 2588: 2585: 2583: 2582: 2562: 2561: 2556: 2551: 2546: 2534: 2532:Chocolate milk 2529: 2521: 2518: 2449: 2446: 2417: 2416: 2399: 2398: 2395: 2394: 2391: 2385: 2384: 2381: 2375: 2374: 2371: 2367: 2366: 2361: 2355: 2354: 2351: 2350: 2347: 2346: 2343: 2342: 2338: 2336: 2330: 2329: 2325: 2323: 2317: 2316: 2312: 2310: 2304: 2303: 2299: 2297: 2291: 2290: 2286: 2284: 2278: 2277: 2273: 2271: 2265: 2264: 2260: 2258: 2252: 2251: 2244: 2239: 2231: 2230: 2227: 2226: 2223: 2222: 2218: 2216: 2210: 2209: 2205: 2203: 2197: 2196: 2192: 2190: 2184: 2183: 2179: 2177: 2171: 2170: 2166: 2164: 2158: 2157: 2153: 2151: 2142: 2141: 2137: 2135: 2125: 2124: 2120: 2118: 2109: 2108: 2104: 2102: 2092: 2091: 2087: 2085: 2075: 2074: 2070: 2068: 2058: 2057: 2054: 2048: 2047: 2043: 2041: 2035: 2034: 2027: 2022: 2014: 2013: 2010: 2009: 2006: 2005: 2002: 1995: 1994: 1991: 1985: 1984: 1981: 1975: 1974: 1971: 1969: 1962: 1959: 1958: 1955: 1954: 1951: 1950: 1947: 1941: 1940: 1937: 1931: 1930: 1927: 1921: 1920: 1917: 1911: 1910: 1907: 1905: 1898: 1895: 1894: 1891: 1890: 1887: 1886: 1883: 1877: 1876: 1873: 1867: 1866: 1863: 1861: 1854: 1851: 1850: 1847: 1846: 1843: 1837: 1836: 1823:Main article: 1820: 1817: 1801:delicacies or 1644:Main article: 1641: 1638: 1593: 1590: 1511: 1508: 1493:chocolat chaud 1410: 1407: 1386: 1383: 1374: 1371: 1348: 1345: 1343: 1340: 1338: 1335: 1334: 1333: 1318: 1312: 1269: 1266: 1265: 1264: 1257: 1250: 1248: 1234: 1227: 1225: 1218: 1211: 1209: 1195: 1188: 1186: 1184:, 18th century 1179: 1172: 1158:Duchy of Savoy 1143:chocolate bars 1031: 1028: 983:José de Acosta 963:acquired taste 906: 903: 895:grocery stores 832:Mayo-Chinchipe 795:, is a heated 780: 779: 777:Chocolate milk 774: 770: 769: 752: 748: 747: 744: 740: 739: 736: 732: 731: 726: 720: 719: 708: 682: 680: 675: 674: 670: 668: 666: 662: 660: 657: 656: 653: 651: 648: 645: 644: 639: 637: 635: 633: 628: 626: 624: 621: 620: 617: 615: 613: 610: 608: 605: 604: 601: 599: 597: 594: 592: 589: 588: 585: 581: 580: 576: 574: 572: 568: 566: 563: 562: 559: 557: 554: 551: 550: 546: 544: 542: 536: 534: 532: 529: 528: 525: 523: 520: 517: 516: 513: 511: 509: 506: 504: 501: 500: 497: 493: 492: 488: 486: 484: 480: 478: 475: 474: 471: 469: 466: 463: 462: 460: 455:archaeologists 454: 451: 449: 443: 442: 440: 437: 434: 433: 431: 428: 426: 423: 422: 420: 417: 414: 413: 411: 408: 405: 404: 399:Archaeologists 398: 395: 393: 388: 385: 384: 381: 379: 376: 373: 372: 369: 367: 365: 362: 360: 357: 356: 353: 349: 348: 344: 342: 340: 336: 334: 331: 330: 327: 325: 322: 319: 318: 313: 308: 306: 304: 302: 297: 292: 290: 288: 285: 284: 281: 279: 276: 273: 272: 269: 267: 265: 262: 260: 257: 256: 253: 249: 248: 201: 198:Administrators 196: 195: 180: 159: 115: 84: 78: 76: 58: 50: 41: 38: 37: 35: 23: 22: 14: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7039: 7028: 7025: 7023: 7020: 7018: 7015: 7013: 7010: 7008: 7005: 7003: 7000: 6998: 6995: 6993: 6990: 6989: 6987: 6972: 6962: 6961: 6958: 6948: 6945: 6942: 6938: 6935: 6933: 6930: 6928: 6925: 6923: 6920: 6918: 6915: 6913: 6910: 6908: 6905: 6903: 6900: 6899: 6897: 6895:Meat and fish 6893: 6887: 6884: 6882: 6879: 6877: 6874: 6872: 6869: 6868: 6866: 6862: 6856: 6853: 6849: 6846: 6845: 6844: 6841: 6839: 6836: 6834: 6833:Hot chocolate 6831: 6829: 6826: 6824: 6821: 6819: 6816: 6815: 6813: 6809: 6803: 6800: 6798: 6795: 6793: 6790: 6789: 6787: 6783: 6777: 6774: 6772: 6769: 6768: 6766: 6762: 6756: 6753: 6751: 6748: 6746: 6743: 6741: 6738: 6736: 6733: 6731: 6728: 6726: 6723: 6721: 6718: 6716: 6713: 6711: 6708: 6706: 6703: 6701: 6698: 6696: 6693: 6691: 6688: 6686: 6683: 6681: 6678: 6676: 6673: 6671: 6668: 6666: 6663: 6661: 6658: 6656: 6653: 6651: 6648: 6647: 6645: 6641: 6635: 6632: 6630: 6627: 6625: 6622: 6620: 6617: 6615: 6612: 6610: 6607: 6605: 6602: 6600: 6597: 6596: 6594: 6592: 6586: 6583: 6581: 6573: 6567: 6564: 6562: 6561: 6557: 6555: 6552: 6550: 6547: 6544: 6540: 6537: 6535: 6534:Ugly sweaters 6532: 6530: 6527: 6525: 6522: 6520: 6517: 6515: 6512: 6510: 6507: 6505: 6502: 6500: 6497: 6495: 6492: 6490: 6487: 6485: 6482: 6480: 6477: 6475: 6472: 6470: 6467: 6465: 6462: 6460: 6457: 6455: 6452: 6450: 6447: 6445: 6444:Controversies 6442: 6440: 6437: 6435: 6432: 6430: 6427: 6425: 6422: 6420: 6417: 6415: 6412: 6410: 6407: 6405: 6402: 6400: 6397: 6395: 6392: 6390: 6387: 6385: 6382: 6381: 6379: 6371: 6363: 6360: 6358: 6357: 6353: 6352: 6351: 6348: 6343: 6339: 6336: 6332: 6329: 6325: 6323: 6322: 6318: 6315: 6311: 6310: 6308: 6305: 6302: 6299: 6296: 6292: 6291: 6287: 6285: 6282: 6281: 6280: 6279:In literature 6277: 6276: 6274: 6272: 6266: 6258: 6257: 6253: 6251: 6250: 6246: 6244: 6243: 6239: 6237: 6236: 6232: 6231: 6229: 6227: 6225: 6220: 6218: 6215: 6213: 6210: 6208: 6205: 6203: 6200: 6196: 6193: 6192: 6191: 6188: 6187: 6185: 6183: 6177: 6169: 6166: 6164: 6161: 6159: 6156: 6154: 6151: 6150: 6149: 6148:United States 6146: 6144: 6141: 6139: 6136: 6134: 6131: 6129: 6126: 6124: 6121: 6119: 6116: 6114: 6111: 6109: 6106: 6104: 6101: 6099: 6096: 6094: 6091: 6089: 6086: 6084: 6081: 6079: 6076: 6074: 6071: 6069: 6066: 6062: 6059: 6058: 6057: 6054: 6052: 6049: 6047: 6044: 6042: 6039: 6037: 6034: 6032: 6029: 6027: 6024: 6022: 6019: 6018: 6016: 6014: 6008: 6002: 5999: 5997: 5994: 5992: 5989: 5987: 5984: 5982: 5979: 5977: 5974: 5972: 5969: 5967: 5964: 5962: 5959: 5957: 5956: 5952: 5950: 5947: 5945: 5942: 5940: 5939: 5935: 5933: 5930: 5928: 5925: 5923: 5920: 5916: 5913: 5912: 5911: 5908: 5906: 5903: 5899: 5896: 5895: 5894: 5891: 5889: 5886: 5884: 5881: 5879: 5878:Moravian star 5876: 5874: 5873:Midnight Mass 5871: 5869: 5866: 5864: 5861: 5859: 5856: 5854: 5851: 5849: 5846: 5844: 5841: 5839: 5836: 5834: 5831: 5829: 5826: 5824: 5821: 5819: 5816: 5814: 5811: 5809: 5806: 5804: 5801: 5799: 5796: 5794: 5791: 5789: 5786: 5784: 5781: 5779: 5776: 5774: 5771: 5769: 5766: 5764: 5763:Candle arches 5761: 5759: 5756: 5754: 5753:Advent wreath 5751: 5749: 5748:Advent candle 5746: 5744: 5741: 5740: 5738: 5736: 5730: 5724: 5721: 5719: 5716: 5712: 5709: 5708: 5707: 5704: 5702: 5699: 5697: 5694: 5692: 5689: 5687: 5684: 5682: 5679: 5677: 5674: 5672: 5669: 5667: 5664: 5663: 5661: 5659: 5655:Companions of 5651: 5645: 5642: 5640: 5637: 5635: 5632: 5630: 5627: 5625: 5622: 5620: 5617: 5615: 5612: 5610: 5607: 5605: 5602: 5600: 5597: 5595: 5592: 5590: 5587: 5583: 5580: 5579: 5578: 5575: 5574: 5572: 5569: 5567:Gift-bringers 5562: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5543: 5541: 5538: 5536: 5533: 5531: 5528: 5526: 5523: 5521: 5518: 5516: 5513: 5511: 5508: 5506: 5503: 5501: 5498: 5496: 5493: 5491: 5488: 5486: 5483: 5481: 5478: 5476: 5473: 5471: 5468: 5466: 5463: 5461: 5458: 5456: 5453: 5452: 5450: 5447: 5439: 5433: 5432:Twelfth Night 5430: 5428: 5425: 5421: 5418: 5417: 5416: 5413: 5409: 5406: 5404: 5401: 5400: 5399: 5396: 5394: 5393:Nativity Fast 5391: 5387: 5384: 5383: 5382: 5379: 5377: 5374: 5372: 5369: 5367: 5364: 5362: 5359: 5357: 5354: 5352: 5351:Christmastide 5349: 5347: 5344: 5342: 5339: 5337: 5334: 5332: 5329: 5327: 5326:Angel Gabriel 5324: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5314: 5310: 5307: 5306: 5305: 5304:Biblical Magi 5302: 5301: 5299: 5293: 5287: 5282: 5280: 5275: 5273: 5268: 5266: 5261: 5259: 5257:Christmas Eve 5254: 5252: 5247: 5245: 5240: 5238: 5233: 5232: 5229: 5225: 5216: 5211: 5209: 5204: 5202: 5197: 5196: 5193: 5183: 5172: 5166: 5163: 5162: 5160: 5156: 5146: 5143: 5141: 5138: 5136: 5133: 5131: 5128: 5126: 5123: 5121: 5118: 5116: 5115:Shoko B'Sakit 5113: 5111: 5110:Sabra liqueur 5108: 5106: 5103: 5101: 5098: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5088: 5086: 5083: 5081: 5078: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5053: 5051: 5048: 5045: 5042: 5040: 5037: 5035: 5032: 5030: 5027: 5025: 5022: 5020: 5017: 5015: 5012: 5010: 5007: 5005: 5002: 5000: 4997: 4995: 4992: 4990: 4987: 4986: 4984: 4977: 4973: 4967: 4964: 4962: 4959: 4957: 4954: 4952: 4949: 4948: 4946: 4944:Mexican-style 4942: 4939: 4935: 4929: 4926: 4924: 4921: 4919: 4916: 4914: 4911: 4909: 4906: 4904: 4901: 4899: 4896: 4894: 4893:Hot chocolate 4891: 4889: 4886: 4884: 4881: 4879: 4876: 4874: 4871: 4869: 4866: 4864: 4861: 4859: 4856: 4855: 4853: 4849: 4844: 4834: 4831: 4829: 4826: 4824: 4821: 4819: 4816: 4815: 4813: 4807: 4803: 4796: 4791: 4789: 4784: 4782: 4777: 4776: 4773: 4760: 4759: 4748: 4746: 4745: 4734: 4733: 4729: 4721: 4720:United States 4718: 4716: 4713: 4712: 4710: 4708: 4705: 4703: 4700: 4698: 4695: 4693: 4690: 4688: 4685: 4683: 4680: 4678: 4675: 4673: 4670: 4669: 4667: 4663: 4657: 4654: 4652: 4649: 4647: 4644: 4642: 4639: 4635: 4632: 4631: 4630: 4627: 4625: 4622: 4620: 4617: 4615: 4612: 4610: 4607: 4605: 4602: 4600: 4597: 4595: 4592: 4590: 4589: 4585: 4583: 4580: 4578: 4575: 4573: 4570: 4568: 4567:Big Chocolate 4565: 4561: 4558: 4557: 4556: 4553: 4551: 4548: 4547: 4545: 4541: 4535: 4532: 4530: 4527: 4525: 4522: 4520: 4519:Dutch process 4517: 4515: 4512: 4510: 4509:Broma process 4507: 4505: 4502: 4501: 4499: 4495: 4489: 4486: 4484: 4481: 4479: 4476: 4474: 4471: 4469: 4468:Hot chocolate 4466: 4464: 4461: 4459: 4456: 4454: 4451: 4449: 4446: 4444: 4441: 4439: 4436: 4434: 4431: 4429: 4426: 4424: 4421: 4419: 4416: 4414: 4411: 4409: 4406: 4404: 4401: 4399: 4396: 4394: 4391: 4389: 4386: 4384: 4381: 4379: 4376: 4372: 4369: 4368: 4367: 4366:Chocolate bar 4364: 4362: 4359: 4358: 4356: 4352: 4346: 4343: 4341: 4338: 4336: 4333: 4331: 4330:Raw chocolate 4328: 4326: 4323: 4321: 4318: 4316: 4313: 4311: 4308: 4306: 4303: 4301: 4298: 4296: 4293: 4291: 4288: 4287: 4285: 4283: 4277: 4271: 4268: 4266: 4263: 4261: 4258: 4256: 4253: 4251: 4248: 4246: 4243: 4241: 4238: 4236: 4233: 4231: 4228: 4226: 4225:Phenylalanine 4223: 4221: 4218: 4216: 4213: 4211: 4208: 4206: 4203: 4201: 4198: 4196: 4193: 4191: 4188: 4187: 4185: 4181: 4175: 4174: 4170: 4168: 4165: 4163: 4160: 4158: 4155: 4154: 4152: 4150: 4144: 4140: 4131: 4126: 4124: 4119: 4117: 4112: 4111: 4108: 4101: 4100:Hot Chocolate 4097: 4093: 4090: 4089:Hot chocolate 4085: 4081: 4080: 4071: 4070:1-58008-708-6 4067: 4063: 4062:Hot Chocolate 4059: 4056: 4055:0-517-55765-7 4052: 4048: 4044: 4041: 4040: 4019: 4013: 4011: 3995: 3991: 3984: 3982: 3980: 3971: 3967: 3963: 3959: 3955: 3951: 3944: 3936: 3929: 3927: 3925: 3908: 3904: 3897: 3881: 3877: 3873: 3869: 3863: 3859: 3858: 3849: 3833: 3829: 3825: 3821: 3815: 3800: 3796: 3789: 3787: 3778: 3776:9786214200870 3772: 3768: 3767: 3759: 3757: 3740: 3734: 3718: 3712: 3710: 3708: 3691: 3684: 3669: 3665: 3658: 3642: 3638: 3631: 3629: 3612: 3606: 3591: 3587: 3580: 3572: 3565: 3563: 3547: 3543: 3536: 3520: 3516: 3509: 3493: 3489: 3482: 3466: 3462: 3458: 3451: 3435: 3428: 3426: 3424: 3422: 3414: 3402: 3398: 3394: 3387: 3379: 3377:9781771641197 3373: 3369: 3365: 3364: 3356: 3348: 3344: 3339: 3334: 3330: 3326: 3323:(1): 109–18. 3322: 3318: 3314: 3307: 3291: 3284: 3282: 3280: 3263: 3262:Science Daily 3259: 3253: 3251: 3249: 3232: 3228: 3221: 3219: 3202: 3198: 3194: 3187: 3171: 3164: 3148: 3144: 3138: 3122: 3116: 3100: 3094: 3078: 3074: 3068: 3052: 3048: 3043: 3035: 3033: 3031: 3014: 3010: 3003: 2995: 2991: 2984: 2968: 2964: 2958: 2950: 2949:Codex Mendoza 2943: 2935: 2928: 2926: 2924: 2922: 2920: 2918: 2916: 2899: 2892: 2876: 2869: 2867: 2865: 2863: 2861: 2853: 2852:0-375-75803-8 2849: 2845: 2839: 2831: 2829:1-57091-448-6 2825: 2821: 2820: 2812: 2804: 2802:0-8109-5734-5 2798: 2794: 2787: 2785: 2783: 2781: 2779: 2777: 2775: 2773: 2771: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2741: 2725: 2721: 2717: 2710: 2708: 2706: 2704: 2687: 2683: 2679: 2675: 2671: 2667: 2663: 2659: 2655: 2651: 2647: 2643: 2639: 2638: 2633: 2625: 2617: 2611: 2607: 2603: 2596: 2592: 2581: 2571: 2570: 2567: 2560: 2557: 2555: 2552: 2550: 2547: 2544: 2540: 2539: 2535: 2533: 2530: 2527: 2524: 2523: 2517: 2515: 2511: 2507: 2501: 2499: 2495: 2490: 2485: 2482: 2478: 2474: 2470: 2463: 2459: 2454: 2445: 2442: 2437: 2435: 2430: 2428: 2422: 2415: 2409: 2405: 2400: 2396: 2392: 2390: 2386: 2382: 2380: 2376: 2372: 2368: 2365: 2362: 2360: 2356: 2352: 2344: 2337: 2335: 2331: 2324: 2322: 2318: 2311: 2309: 2305: 2298: 2296: 2292: 2285: 2283: 2279: 2272: 2270: 2266: 2259: 2257: 2253: 2248: 2243: 2240: 2238: 2237: 2232: 2228: 2224: 2217: 2215: 2211: 2204: 2202: 2198: 2191: 2189: 2185: 2178: 2176: 2172: 2165: 2163: 2159: 2152: 2150: 2143: 2136: 2134: 2126: 2119: 2117: 2110: 2103: 2101: 2093: 2086: 2084: 2079:Riboflavin (B 2076: 2069: 2067: 2059: 2055: 2053: 2049: 2042: 2040: 2036: 2031: 2026: 2023: 2021: 2020: 2015: 2011: 2007: 2000: 1996: 1992: 1990: 1986: 1982: 1980: 1979:Phenylalanine 1976: 1970: 1967: 1966: 1960: 1956: 1952: 1948: 1946: 1942: 1938: 1936: 1932: 1928: 1926: 1922: 1918: 1916: 1912: 1906: 1903: 1902: 1896: 1892: 1888: 1884: 1882: 1881:Dietary fiber 1878: 1874: 1872: 1868: 1862: 1859: 1858: 1857:Carbohydrates 1852: 1848: 1844: 1842: 1838: 1833: 1830:Hot chocolate 1826: 1816: 1814: 1810: 1806: 1805: 1800: 1799: 1793: 1788: 1786: 1785: 1780: 1775: 1769: 1764: 1759: 1754: 1749: 1743: 1738: 1736: 1735: 1729: 1723: 1717: 1713:(also called 1712: 1711: 1706: 1705: 1700: 1695: 1690: 1689: 1684: 1683: 1678: 1671: 1667: 1666: 1661: 1660: 1656: 1652: 1647: 1637: 1635: 1634: 1630: 1625: 1623: 1622:Christmas Day 1619: 1615: 1610: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1592:South America 1589: 1587: 1583: 1582: 1577: 1573: 1570:, sugar, and 1569: 1564: 1562: 1557: 1555: 1554:whipped cream 1551: 1547: 1538: 1531: 1527: 1521: 1516: 1510:North America 1507: 1504: 1499: 1494: 1488: 1482: 1479: 1473: 1468: 1463: 1461: 1456: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1438: 1435: 1431: 1421: 1415: 1406: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1392: 1382: 1380: 1370: 1368: 1364: 1360: 1357:found in the 1356: 1352: 1330: 1329:powdered milk 1326: 1325:hot cocoa mix 1322: 1319: 1316: 1313: 1310: 1306: 1302: 1298: 1297:Hot chocolate 1295: 1294: 1293: 1291: 1261: 1254: 1249: 1246: 1242: 1238: 1231: 1226: 1222: 1215: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1192: 1187: 1183: 1176: 1171: 1170: 1169: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1150: 1148: 1144: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1126: 1124: 1123: 1118: 1117: 1110: 1104: 1102: 1098: 1094: 1090: 1086: 1080: 1078: 1074: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1061:bar chocolate 1058: 1051: 1047: 1042: 1037: 1027: 1025: 1020: 1013: 1011: 1004: 1001: 996: 992: 988: 984: 979: 974: 969: 964: 959: 954: 949: 947: 943: 942:chili peppers 939: 935: 930: 922: 917: 912: 902: 900: 896: 892: 888: 884: 880: 875: 869: 863: 857: 855: 850: 845: 841: 837: 833: 828: 826: 822: 821:whipped cream 818: 814: 810: 806: 802: 798: 794: 790: 786: 785:Hot chocolate 778: 775: 771: 768: 764: 760: 756: 753: 749: 745: 741: 737: 733: 730: 727: 721: 716: 715:whipped cream 712: 709:A cup of hot 706: 701: 698:Hot chocolate 695: 691: 686: 678: 669: 667: 661: 659: 658: 654: 652: 649: 647: 646: 636: 625: 622: 616: 614: 609: 607: 606: 600: 598: 593: 591: 590: 582: 575: 573: 567: 565: 564: 560: 558: 555: 553: 552: 545: 533: 530: 526: 524: 521: 519: 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4245:Theophylline 4171: 4167:Cocoa solids 4162:Cocoa butter 4061: 4046: 4022:. 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Retrieved 2641: 2635: 2624: 2605: 2595: 2542: 2536: 2506:free radical 2502: 2486: 2473:antioxidants 2466: 2438: 2431: 2423: 2420: 2363: 2358: 2246: 2241: 2234: 2029: 2024: 2017: 1963: 1899: 1855: 1802: 1796: 1789: 1782: 1739: 1732: 1708: 1702: 1686: 1680: 1674: 1663: 1657: 1631: 1626: 1611: 1595: 1579: 1565: 1558: 1550:marshmallows 1543: 1483: 1464: 1439: 1426: 1391:comfort food 1388: 1376: 1367:cocoa powder 1359:cocoa solids 1353: 1350: 1324: 1320: 1314: 1296: 1290:cocoa butter 1286: 1237:Aline Masson 1236: 1223:, circa 1744 1200: 1151: 1146: 1138:cocoa butter 1127: 1121: 1115: 1105: 1081: 1054: 1015: 1006: 985:, a Spanish 950: 926: 887:coffeehouses 858: 829: 825:marshmallows 805:cocoa powder 792: 788: 784: 783: 759:cocoa powder 694: 685: 6922:Roast goose 6843:Mulled wine 6823:Champurrado 6818:Apple cider 6792:Bread sauce 6745:Szaloncukor 6725:Pumpkin pie 6675:Gingerbread 6629:Smörgåsbord 6270:Other media 6108:Philippines 6098:New Zealand 5981:Twelve Days 5938:Räuchermann 5893:Nutcrackers 5843:Las Posadas 5803:Decorations 5783:Christingle 5723:Zwarte Piet 5718:Snegurochka 5639:Sinterklaas 5589:Santa Claus 5065:Fox's U-bet 4980:syrups and 4937:Brand names 4863:Caffè mocha 4818:Champurrado 4715:Switzerland 4577:Chocolatier 4529:Sugar crust 4361:Caffè mocha 4240:Theobromine 4210:Flavan-3-ol 3397:Daily Trust 3207:January 20, 3099:"Inflation" 2692:January 29, 2526:Champurrado 2514:eicosanoids 2481:epicatechin 2477:gallic acid 2389:Cholesterol 2062:Thiamine (B 1813:Philippines 1763:Maguindanao 1753:Kapampangan 1704:tsokolatera 1677:Philippines 1629:Argentinian 1602:chocolatera 1561:caffè mocha 1403:marshmallow 1363:Cocoa beans 1355:Theobromine 1337:Ingredients 1309:bittersweet 1268:Terminology 1145:. The term 1134:Netherlands 1116:mecaxochitl 1073:upper class 1069:fashionable 751:Ingredients 729:Mesoamerica 245:Next edit → 149:Visual edit 46:Next edit → 6997:Hot drinks 6986:Categories 6650:Candy cane 6599:Joulupöytä 6499:Pikkujoulu 6163:New Mexico 6012:By country 5986:Wassailing 5927:Poinsettia 5734:Traditions 5686:Mrs. Claus 5666:Belsnickel 5619:Julemanden 5614:Joulupukki 5545:Wenceslaus 5510:North Pole 5475:Jack Frost 5465:Christkind 5420:Neapolitan 5243:Boxing Day 5125:Swiss Miss 5055:Cocodirect 5024:Canfield's 4928:Xicolatada 4898:Marocchino 4888:Espressino 4305:Couverture 4255:Tryptophan 4250:Tryptamine 4230:Salsolinol 4205:Enkephalin 4200:Endorphins 4190:Anandamide 4183:Components 4148:Cocoa bean 3127:October 3, 2759:August 18, 2587:References 2489:flavonoids 2295:Phosphorus 1197:Trembleuse 1099:, visited 1046:Montsalvat 1034:See also: 1024:Columbus's 946:Maya glyph 879:cafeterias 765:or water, 6937:Tourtière 6927:Romeritos 6864:Dumplings 6811:Beverages 6715:Pecan pie 6705:Panettone 6700:Pampushka 6695:Mince pie 6670:Fruitcake 6614:Réveillon 6494:NFL games 6489:NBA games 6484:In August 6454:Economics 6224:Billboard 6078:Indonesia 6021:Australia 5996:Yule goat 5971:Stockings 5905:Ornaments 5634:Père Noël 5629:Olentzero 5624:Noel Baba 5599:Ded Moroz 5555:Yule Lads 5495:Mari Lwyd 5346:Bethlehem 5223:Christmas 5075:Kókómjólk 5046:(Cécémel) 5029:Carnation 5009:Bournvita 4989:Akta-Vite 4961:Mayordomo 4918:Tsokolate 4913:Tascalate 4883:Egg cream 4823:Pinolillo 4534:Tempering 4497:Processes 4473:beverages 4138:Chocolate 3838:March 28, 3617:March 11, 3546:USA TODAY 2750:Metalwork 2666:2397-334X 2462:green tea 2308:Potassium 2282:Magnesium 2214:Vitamin K 2201:Vitamin E 2188:Vitamin D 2175:Vitamin D 2162:Vitamin C 2146:Vitamin B 2129:Folate (B 2113:Vitamin B 2096:Niacin (B 2052:Vitamin A 1915:Saturated 1792:Tsokolate 1784:chocolate 1742:Tsokolate 1734:muscovado 1728:Tsokolate 1710:molinillo 1682:tsokolate 1659:tsokolate 1646:Tsokolate 1633:submarino 1618:panettone 1606:molinillo 1581:pan dulce 1530:Latte art 1500:variant, 1446:breakfast 1305:semisweet 1241:chocolate 1235:A woman ( 1147:chocolate 1128:In 1828, 1122:orejuelas 1089:ambergris 1050:Melbourne 993:and then 923:, London. 891:teahouses 854:New World 817:sweetener 807:, heated 801:chocolate 789:hot cocoa 755:Chocolate 746:Chocolate 711:chocolate 6970:Category 6941:meat pie 6932:Stuffing 6886:Varenyky 6755:Yule log 6730:Qurabiya 6604:Julebord 6577:Food and 6504:SantaCon 6469:El Gordo 6356:Yule Log 6128:Scotland 6041:Ethiopia 6026:Colombia 6001:Yule log 5955:Spanbaum 5932:Pyramids 5798:Crackers 5696:Sack Man 5582:folklore 5550:Yule cat 5455:Badalisc 5445:folklore 5356:Epiphany 5100:Ovaltine 5060:Cola Cao 5044:Chocomel 5034:Choc-Ola 4951:Abuelita 4743:Category 4543:Industry 4514:Conching 4354:Products 4325:Modeling 4315:Gianduja 4300:Compound 4265:Tyrosine 4260:Tyramine 4215:Lecithin 4195:Caffeine 3970:14640573 3913:June 27, 3886:June 21, 3880:Archived 3876:30844154 3832:Archived 3822:(2024). 3673:July 15, 3647:July 15, 3498:July 10, 3347:23420115 3296:July 15, 3268:June 26, 3237:June 26, 3176:July 15, 3153:June 26, 3083:June 27, 3057:July 15, 3051:Archived 3019:June 27, 2973:June 27, 2904:July 18, 2881:June 27, 2730:July 15, 2686:Archived 2682:53099825 2674:30374172 2604:(2009). 2520:See also 2510:platelet 2494:flavanol 2458:red wine 2448:Benefits 2412:Source: 2379:Caffeine 2364:Quantity 2242:Quantity 2236:Minerals 2107:0.133 mg 2090:0.182 mg 2073:0.039 mg 2025:Quantity 2019:Vitamins 1989:Tyrosine 1804:pandesal 1774:sikuwate 1758:sikulate 1655:Filipino 1598:Colombia 1568:cinnamon 1498:Viennese 1332:quality. 1162:Chambéry 1000:xocōlātl 978:xocōlātl 968:xocōlātl 958:xocōlātl 951:Because 938:cornmeal 849:xocōlātl 587:Line 93: 584:Line 97: 537:parts of 499:Line 81: 496:Line 85: 447:⚫ 391:⚫ 355:Line 26: 352:Line 26: 255:Line 18: 252:Line 18: 191:contribs 145:Reverted 70:Wikitext 6876:Pierogi 6871:Hallaca 6776:Borscht 6740:Stollen 6710:Pavlova 6685:Makówki 6665:Cozonac 6634:Wigilia 6519:Scrooge 6479:In July 6377:society 6309:Poetry 6143:Ukraine 6118:Romania 6083:Ireland 6073:Iceland 6068:Hungary 6056:Germany 6046:Finland 6036:England 6031:Denmark 5991:Windows 5922:Piñatas 5910:Parades 5863:Markets 5848:Letters 5838:Hampers 5681:Krampus 5520:Perchta 5460:Caganer 5145:Yoo-hoo 5095:Nesquik 5019:Cacolac 4994:Banania 4908:Ratafia 4858:Bicerin 4757:Outline 4707:History 4524:Enrober 4463:Ganache 4295:Belgian 4024:July 5, 3999:July 5, 3745:July 9, 3723:July 9, 3696:July 9, 3471:July 9, 3440:July 9, 3338:3672386 2646:Bibcode 2373:82.45 g 2341:0.63 mg 2276:0.42 mg 2256:Calcium 2208:0.03 mg 2156:0.49 μg 2123:0.04 mg 1993:0.141 g 1983:0.150 g 1965:Protein 1949:0.084 g 1939:0.677 g 1929:0.078 g 1919:1.431 g 1864:10.74 g 1811:in the 1798:kakanin 1768:sikwate 1748:suklati 1722:batirol 1716:batidor 1688:tabliya 1675:In the 1586:churros 1572:vanilla 1520:churros 1467:Germany 1460:Nutella 1450:pudding 1442:churros 1430:Italian 1395:Nigeria 1379:Lumumba 1373:Alcohol 1342:Add-ons 1109:jicaras 1101:Jamaica 1010:catarrh 973:vanilla 905:History 836:Ecuador 638:In the 629:fUnited 627:In the 233:Twinkle 181:Joyous! 6947:Turkey 6881:Tamale 6838:Kissel 6828:Eggnog 6785:Sauces 6771:Menudo 6750:Turrón 6660:Cookie 6643:Sweets 6609:Kūčios 6590:Dinner 6464:Grinch 6375:modern 6342:Tomten 6301:Santa, 6284:novels 6202:Operas 6190:Carols 6158:Hawaii 6138:Sweden 6133:Serbia 6123:Russia 6113:Poland 6103:Norway 6093:Mexico 6051:France 5966:Stamps 5961:Szopka 5853:Lights 5808:Didukh 5644:Others 5594:Befana 5540:Vertep 5403:in art 5371:Joseph 5321:Advent 5180: 5090:Nescau 4956:Ibarra 4833:Tejate 4371:brands 4290:Baking 4068: 4053: 3968: 3874: 3864: 3773: 3374: 3345: 3335: 2850: 2826: 2799: 2680: 2672: 2664: 2612: 2566:Portal 2460:, and 2441:Coffee 2321:Sodium 2315:197 mg 2302:105 mg 2263:114 mg 2221:0.2 μg 2182:1.1 μg 2169:0.2 mg 2056:176 IU 1972:3.52 g 1908:2.34 g 1875:9.66 g 1871:Sugars 1841:Energy 1819:Health 1765:; and 1694:tablea 1409:Europe 1262:, 1893 1205:Sèvres 995:Mexico 987:Jesuit 899:online 743:Flavor 640:United 203:74,035 81:Inline 63:Visual 6680:Kutia 6579:drink 6207:Songs 6181:Music 6088:Italy 5944:Seals 5898:dolls 5828:Gifts 5768:Cards 5671:Elves 5535:Turoń 5505:Nisse 5470:Grýla 5366:Jesus 5158:Lists 5140:Vi-Co 5130:Toddy 5105:Pucko 5050:Cocio 5004:Bosco 4999:Boost 4828:Pozol 4458:Fudge 4345:White 4340:Swiss 4281:Types 2678:S2CID 2580:Drink 2434:sugar 2370:Water 2328:44 mg 2289:23 mg 2195:45 IU 2046:51 μg 1925:Trans 1699:cacao 1665:suman 1662:with 1576:froth 1546:sugar 1385:Usage 1315:Cocoa 1307:, or 1154:Turin 1085:pence 1077:dowry 1057:Spain 953:sugar 934:water 929:Mayan 844:Aztec 813:water 797:drink 767:sugar 735:Color 713:with 314:500–3 298:500–5 205:edits 6902:Carp 6764:Soup 6655:Cake 6566:Xmas 6195:list 5976:Tree 5915:list 5376:Mary 5285:Yule 5085:Milo 5070:Kayo 4966:Taza 4903:Popo 4488:Mole 4335:Ruby 4320:Milk 4310:Dark 4066:ISBN 4051:ISBN 4026:2008 4001:2008 3966:PMID 3915:2008 3888:2024 3872:PMID 3862:ISBN 3840:2024 3806:2018 3771:ISBN 3747:2017 3725:2017 3698:2017 3675:2017 3649:2017 3619:2019 3597:2015 3553:2009 3527:2009 3500:2017 3473:2017 3442:2017 3409:2017 3372:ISBN 3343:PMID 3298:2008 3270:2008 3239:2008 3209:2022 3178:2017 3155:2008 3129:2015 3107:2017 3085:2008 3059:2017 3021:2008 2975:2008 2906:2008 2883:2008 2848:ISBN 2824:ISBN 2797:ISBN 2761:2007 2732:2017 2694:2024 2670:PMID 2662:ISSN 2610:ISBN 2487:The 2393:8 mg 2383:2 mg 2334:Zinc 2269:Iron 2140:5 μg 1691:(or 1627:The 1614:Peru 1604:and 1301:dark 1003:as: 991:Peru 897:and 889:and 840:Maya 809:milk 763:milk 238:Undo 228:Tags 220:talk 187:talk 173:undo 168:edit 141:Tags 122:talk 108:edit 6912:Ham 5442:In 3958:doi 3828:FDA 3333:PMC 3325:doi 3321:228 2654:doi 2247:%DV 2154:20% 2088:14% 2030:%DV 1901:Fat 1885:1 g 1777:in 1771:or 1761:in 1751:in 1719:or 1612:In 1596:In 1584:or 1490:or 1465:In 1399:tea 1347:Fat 1323:or 1203:by 1199:or 823:or 811:or 803:or 791:or 757:or 309:300 293:200 6988:: 6545:") 6541:(" 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