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life, he tells the story to his wife who reveals herself to be Yuki-Onna. She reviles him for breaking his promise but spares him again, this time out of concern for their children (but if he dares mistreat their children, she will return with no mercy. Luckily for him, he is a loving father). In some versions, she chose not to kill him because he told her, which she did not treat as a broken promise (technically, Yuki-Onna herself is not a human and thus did not count). In a similar legend, Yuki-onna melts away once her husband discovers her true nature. However, she departs to the afterlife afterward the same way. In the same version of the story, the Yuki-Onna is seen with a stutter saying "It was I-I-I! Yuki it was!". In some versions, Yuki-onna doesn't leave and that she actually stays with her husband and their children, since it doesn't count as telling anyone else.
541:, the sound of a blizzard knocking on an outer shōji is called the "shōji sasuri" (rubbing a shōji), and there is a custom of making children who stayed up late go to sleep quickly when a yuki-onna rubs a shōji. From real sayings such as the shōji sasuri, it is said that things that one longs for sit back-to-back with fear. Also, winter is the season when gods would come to visit, and if one does not pay respects, terrible things will happen, so even if it is said to be things that one longs for, one cannot put too much trust in that. In any case, it can be said to be related to the coming and going of seasons.
157:
280:) by the mouth and hugged the child while making the blade go close to the child's head, which allowed the warrior to avoid the aforementioned phenomenon. When the warrior handed the child back to the Yuki-onna, the ghoul gave many treasures as thanks for hugging the child. It is also said that those who are able to withstand the ever-increasing weight of the yukinko and last all the way through would acquire great physical strength.
20:
201:
599:
567:, said that yuki-onna is born from snow. It was supposed that if there were a lot of something, a living thing would come forth from it, giving birth to fish if the water is deep enough and birds if the forest is thick enough. Since both snow and women are "yin", so in places like Echigo it is said that yuki-onna might be born from within deep snow.
249:. When late at night the Yuki-onna would again go out on a journey, the old man would attempt to take her hand to stop her, when he noticed that she was chillingly cold. Then, before his eyes, the girl turned into a whirl of snow that exited the house through the chimney. Also, it has some points of similarity with the
661:, where it is said that Yuki-onna travels on wind and appears on the days with a light snowfall. She walks swinging a white Gohei wand and shouts whoever she meets saying, "Please give me water-hot or cold." If anyone gives cold water, she swells in size but if anyone gives hot water she melts and disappears.
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and uses her icy breath to leave them as frost-coated corpses. Other legends say she leads them astray so they simply die of exposure. Other times, she manifests holding a child. When a well-intentioned soul takes the "child" from her, they are frozen in place. Parents searching for lost children are
513:
where a mountain hunter gets together with a woman who stays the night as a guest and eventually births a child. One day the man carelessly talks about the taboo of getting together with a yuki-onna, resulting in the woman revealing herself to be a yuki-onna, but not killing the man due to having a
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Like the snow and winter weather she represents, Yuki-onna has a softer side. She sometimes lets would-be victims go for various reasons. In one popular Yuki-onna legend, for example, she sets a young boy free because of his beauty and age. She makes him promise never to speak of her, but later in
534:
Old tales about yuki-onna are mostly stories of sorrow, and it is said that these tales started from when people who have lived gloomy lives, such as childless old couples or single men in mountain villages, would hear the sound of a blizzard knocking on their shutter door and fantasize that the
817:
After finishing his story, O-yuki suddenly stood up and said "That woman you met was me! I told you that I would kill you if you ever told anyone about that incident. However, I can't kill you because of our children. Take care of our children..." Then she melted and disappeared. No one saw her
805:
She then approached
Minokichi to breathe on him, but stared at him for a while and said, "I thought I was going to kill you, the same as that old man, but I will not because you are young and beautiful. You must not tell anyone about this incident. If you tell anyone about me, I will kill you."
383:
In Aomori, it is said that a yuki-onna would come down to the village on the third day of Shōgatsu and return to the mountains on the first day of Rabbit, and it is thought that on years when the day of Rabbit is late in arriving, how well the harvest does will be different from before.
637:, but other legends describe her as nude, with only her face and hair standing out against the snow. Despite her inhuman beauty, her eyes can strike terror into mortals. She floats across the snow, leaving no footprints (in fact, some tales say she has no feet, a feature of many
263:), it would ask people passing by to hug the child as well. When one hugs the child, the child would become heavier and heavier until one would become covered with snow and freeze to death. It has also been told that if one refuses, one would be shoved down into a snowy valley.
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One winter day, they could not come back home because of a snowstorm. They found a hut in the mountain and decided to sleep there. On this particular evening, Minokichi woke up and found a beautiful lady with white clothes. She breathed on old Mosaku and he was frozen to death.
320:, it is said that there would be a one-legged child jump-walking on a night when snow accumulates, and the next morning there would be round footprints remaining, and this would be called the "yukinbō" (snow child), but the one-legged snow kid is thought to be the servant of a
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of the Oguni region of
Yamagata Prefecture, a yuki-jorō (yuki-onna) was originally a princess of the Moon world, and in order to leave a boring lifestyle came down to Earth together with snow but was unable to go back to the Moon and so appears on snowy moonlit nights.
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One night, after the children were asleep, Minokichi said to O-yuki: "Whenever I see you, I am reminded of a mysterious incident that happened to me. When I was young, I met a beautiful young lady like you. I do not know if it was a dream or if she was a Yuki-onna..."
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particularly susceptible to this tactic. Other legends make Yuki-onna much more aggressive. In these stories, she often invades homes, blowing in the door with a gust of wind to kill residents in their sleep (some legends require her to be invited inside first).
226:, a beautiful woman came to visit a man and became his wife from the woman's own desire. This woman was reluctant to go into the bath and when she was made to go in anyway, she disappeared, leaving only thin, fragmented, floating icicles (see also
590:. The bewitching and frightening aspects of a yuki-onna are often used in such depictions. Old tales and legends like these have been confirmed in Aomori, Yamagata, Iwate, Fukushima, Niigata, Nagano, Wakayama, Ehime, among other places.
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where those who break the mountain taboos would be killed by mountain spirits. There is also the hypothesis that the yuki-onna legend was born from a mixture of paranormal stories of mountain people and the paranormal yuki-onna stories.
809:
Several years later, Minokichi met a beautiful young lady, named O-yuki (Yuki = "snow") and married her. She was a good wife. Minokichi and O-yuki had several children and lived happily for many years. Mysteriously, she did not age.
763:. She is at the same time beautiful and serene, yet ruthless in killing unsuspecting mortals. Until the 18th century, she was almost uniformly portrayed as evil. Today, however, stories often color her as mere human, emphasizing her
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below. So, she snuck out one night and fell down to Earth, travelling on snow. However, coming to Earth was easier for her than going back, and she got stuck on Earth. She used to appear on full moon snowy night, pining for her old
309:) or the 15th day of the first month, a yuki-onna would take many children along to a field to play, so children were warned against going outside. It can be thus seen that yuki-onna are often considered the same as the
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prefectures. Here, the Yuki-onna engages her victims in conversation in order to attack. When she meets someone on a dark and snowy night, she calls out to them. If the person answers her greeting, she attacks. But in
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is generally considered the most faithful adaptation of
Lafcadio Hearn's telling; apart from altering the names of the sculptors and expanding side elements of the narrative, the film stays largely true to the source
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Yuki-onna appears on snowy nights as a tall, beautiful woman with long black hair and blue lips. Her inhumanly pale or even transparent skin makes her blend into the snowy landscape (as famously described in
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thing that they longed for has come. It is said that after that, they would live in happiness with what they longed for in a fantasy as fleeting as snow. There is also a feeling of fear, and like as in the
339:), it has been said that a yuki-onna would come during light snow and say "Koori gose yu gose" ("Give me ice, give me hot water")—"gose" is a dialect word for "give me"—while waving around a white
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where it is said that Yuki-onna is the princess of lunar world, living on the moon. Her life was filled with luxury, but it was extremely boring for her. She was fascinated to see the planet
1194:
419:, they are called "koshi-musume" (越娘, "passing girl") and it is said that those who turn their backs to a koshi-musume when being called by one would get pushed into a valley.
301:, on a night when snow is accumulating on the ground, a "yukinba" is said to appear, and people would make sure not to let their children outside. Also, in the Tōno region of
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instead. It is said that in order to make the yukinbō go away, one should chant "Saki kuromoji ni ato bōshi, shimetsuke haitara, ikanaru mono mo, kanō mai" (meaning "A
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There are several variations of Yuki-onna throughout Japan, through which one can fill a whole book only about this yokai. Some notable of them are described below:
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child between them and warning, "If anything happens to the child, you won't get away with it" before going away. These stories can be found in
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There are various legends about the yuki-onna's true identity, such as a snow spirit or the spirit of a woman who fell over in the snow. In a
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The Yuki-Onna appear in the manga/anime series In/Spectre season 2 episodes 2 and 3 where a Yuki-onna saved a man from death on a mountain.
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What Yuki-onna is after varies from tale to tale. Sometimes she is simply satisfied to see a victim die. Other times, she is more
415:, it is said that if one does not answer when called by a yuki-onna, one would be shoved down into the bottom of a valley. In the
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Some legends say the Yuki-onna, being associated with winter and snowstorms, is the spirit of someone who perished in the
700:, haunting the snowy forests, looking to feed. She lives by sucking the vital energy of human body, which is mentioned as
475:)- looking at the days on which they visit, both legends offer insight on how the yuki-onna has some characteristics of a
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Yuki-onna often appear while taking along children. This is in common with another yōkai that takes along children, the
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479:. The story of how when one person treated a yuki-onna with kindness on a blizzard night, the yuki-onna turned into
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version of the game) is one of the obtainable effects in the game. Upon use, it turns
Madotsuki into a Yuki-Onna.
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A long time ago, there lived two woodcutters, Minokichi and Mosaku. Minokichi was young and Mosaku was very old.
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as well as its anime adaptation, with one of the leads Hiei being born to one along with his twin sister Yukina.
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of children, so the mothers are warned over there not to let their children play on snowy nights near a forest.
291:, Yuki-onna is called "yukionba", and it is believed that they would appear on a snowy night in the form of a
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1947:
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395:, a yuki-onna is thought to steal people's vitality; and in Niigata Prefecture, they are said to take the
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750:, it is said that Yuki-onna attacks those who ignore her, whom she grabs and throws into a nearby ravine.
586:, the story is about how a woman who was deceived and murdered became a yuki-onna and took revenge as a
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region of
Yamagata, a yuki-onna would come visit an old couple on a snowy night to warm herself by the
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and ask for water, but if one grants the request, one would be killed, so one should give hot
403:, looking at a yuki-onna's face and exchanging words with her would result in being eaten. In
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274:) who was asked by a yuki-onna to hug a child similarly, but the warrior held a short sword (
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as The Woman of the Snow and loosely adapted as the segment Lovers Vow in the 1990 film
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The Snow
Vampire: This version of Yuki-onna hails from four Japanese provinces;
606:(化物之繪, c. 1700), Harry F. Bruning Collection of Japanese Books and Manuscripts,
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Furuhashi, Nobutaka (古橋信孝) (1992), "雪女伝説", in Isamu
Yoshinari(吉成勇)ed. (ed.),
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362:" is also thought to be a type of Yuki-onna, and they are said to drag along
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487:, the yuki-onna has some relation to the characteristics of a toshigami.
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about yuki-onna taking away many children to play on "Little New Year" (
192:), indicating that the legends already existed in the Muromachi period.
184:, there is a statement on how he saw a yuki-onna when he was staying in
3919:
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241:, there is a similar story about one called the "Shigama-onna." In the
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372:) and possessing a mirror, are thought to be the characteristics of a
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1688:, 歴史読本特別増刊・事典シリーズ, Shinjinbutsu Orai sha (新人物往来社), pp. 276–277,
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459:, Aomori legend about a yuki-onna returning to the human world on
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the next morning; illustrating how even in old tales such as the
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This version was directly adapted into the 1965 anthology film
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1579:, Princeton University Press, pp. 166–170, 2019-07-02,
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Yuki-onna served as the main lyrical inspiration behind the
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Yuki-onna (Frostina in the
English versions) appears in the
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Among Japan's traditional culture, Yuki-onna can be seen in
259:, as the Yuki-onna would be standing there hugging a child (
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In many stories, Yuki-onna appears to travelers trapped in
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out of children and freeze people to death. In
Nishimonai,
340:
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Yuki-onna originates from folklores of olden times; in the
1550:
1098:
Encyclopedia of Demons in the World
Religions and Cultures
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130:. They are also called several names that are related to
989:
by Scott McGough feature an unnamed yuki-onna character.
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first by freezing victims to death and then sucking the
545:, scholar of Japanese literature, stated that the novel
1706:, Gendai Kyoiku bunko, Shakai Shisho sha, pp. 4–,
452:
behind, by wearing these tight, nothing is possible").
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578:(伏見常磐), which can also be checked in modern times. In
526:, which came about as a result of many stories about
696:. Here it is said that Yuki-onna is a dreadful snow
376:
who serves a mountain god that rules over birth and
1181:
1734:An article that references Yuki Onna in the movies
998:and her evolved forms are based on the Yuki-onna.
3947:
868:, a yuki-onna appears in "The Blizzard" segment.
725:The Talking Snow Women: This version hails from
270:in Aomori, it is said that there was a warrior (
1013:Studio Apartment, Good Lighting, Angel Included
946:song "Lady of the Snow", from their 1998 album
901:The Yuki-Onna appear in the manga/anime series
712:through the dead victim's mouth. Especially in
919:The promotional music video for Sasameyuki by
666:The Moon Princess: This variations hails from
630:Kwaidan: Stories and Studies of Strange Things
126:(雪降り婆, "snowfall witch" or "snowfall hag") in
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1141:小泉八雲: 回想と研究 (Koizumi Yakumo: Kaisō to Kenkyū)
1005:wrote and recorded a song about the Yukionna.
1431:
981:includes a "Yuki-Onna" card, and the novels
1686:Nihon 'Shinwa Densetsu' Sōran (日本「神話・伝説」総覧)
883:Mizore Shirayuki in the manga/anime series
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1289:
1211:
509:, and stories similar to Lafcadio Hearn's
1683:
657:Water Beggars: This variation hails from
641:), and she can transform into a cloud of
1137:
1101:. McFarland & Company. p. 334.
1088:
597:
199:
155:
18:
1434:Nihon no yōkai hyakka : bijuaruban
1358:
1177:
1175:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1129:
1127:
1125:
3948:
1661:"Magic History: Champions of Kamigawa"
1637:"Magic History: Betrayers of Kamigawa"
1300:
716:, it is said that Yuki-onna likes the
114:(雪乳母, "snow granny" or "snow nanny"),
1775:
1749:
1704:日本怪談集 妖怪篇 (Nihon kaidanshū yōkai hen)
1701:
1567:
1565:
1133:
1535:
1533:
1517:
1515:
1504:Ancient Tales and Folk-lore of Japan
1369:
1332:
1262:
1226:
1164:
1122:
1094:
992:"Yuki-Onna, the Ice Mayakashi" from
892:Setsura is a Yuki-Onna, who part of
1398:
767:-like nature and ephemeral beauty.
505:They often appear in stories about
13:
1562:
1138:Hirakawa, Sukehiro (平川祐弘) (1992),
836:Tales from the Darkside: The Movie
549:is also probably somehow related.
502:, ubume are said to be yuki-onna.
14:
3987:
1730:at hyakumonogatari.com (English).
1721:
1530:
1512:
1033:Shirahime-Syo: Snow Goddess Tales
880:series is based on the Yuki-onna.
90:She may also go by such names as
1577:Japanese Tales of Lafcadio Hearn
1522:Kwaidan – Yuki-onna (Snow Woman)
1468:, p. 81, University of Chicago,
1432:Iwai, Hiromi, ed. (2015-05-30).
608:L. Tom Perry Special Collections
16:Snow spirit in Japanese folklore
1653:
1629:
1604:
1492:
1478:
1458:
1425:
1185:(1992). "雪女伝説". In 吉成勇編 (ed.).
962:, Yuki-Onna (Snow Woman in the
927:playing an awakening yuki-onna.
1392:
1326:
1256:
1159:雪女の名称は雪娘、雪女郎、雪婆、雪降婆、シッケンケンなど..
1011:The character Noel Izumi from
983:Heretic: Betrayers of Kamigawa
1:
1702:Konno, Ensuke (今野円輔) (1981),
1436:. Tōkyō: Kawadeshobōshinsha.
1081:
987:Guardian: Saviors of Kamigawa
842:The 1968 fantasy horror film
704:. She is said to extract the
648:
593:
463:(Shōgatsu) and the legend in
1486:"Yuki Onna - The Snow Women"
895:Nura: Rise of the Yokai Clan
358:, the "Oshiroi baa-san" or "
160:Yuki-onna illustration from
7:
3971:Personifications of weather
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1728:Yuki Onnna – The Snow Woman
1019:
995:Yu-Gi-Oh! Trading Card Game
821:
754:
633:). She often wears a white
563:, an intellectual from the
10:
3992:
889:is based on the Yuki-onna.
327:In the village of Oshika,
305:, and on Little New Year (
195:
151:
75:that is often depicted in
3907:
2059:
2021:
1783:
1556:January 27, 2007, at the
1464:Seki, Seigo Seki (1963),
1147:, Kodansha, p. 227,
939:franchise is a Yuki-onna.
297:. Similarly, in Yoshida,
45:
1545:August 25, 2006, at the
874:of Generation IV in the
794:Lafcadio Hearn's version
616:Brigham Young University
255:; and on the night of a
1498:Smith, Richard Gordon,
1378:. みずうみ書房. p. 261.
645:or snow if threatened.
584:Yuki-onna Gomai Hagoita
346:In the area around the
173:Sōgi Shokoku Monogatari
162:Sogi Shokoku Monogatari
98:(雪姫, "snow princess"),
94:(雪娘, "snow daughter"),
3497:Yashima no Hage-tanuki
1585:10.2307/j.ctvc7747r.26
1370:大島広志 (1987). "雪女". In
1095:Bane, Theresa (2012).
619:
507:inter-species marriage
215:
164:
36:
2031:Konjaku Monogatarishū
612:Harold B. Lee Library
601:
316:In the Ito region of
203:
159:
106:(雪女郎, "snow woman"),
22:
2063:in Japanese Folklore
2061:Legendary Creatures
1312:. pp. 356–357.
1197:. pp. 276–277.
1074:Yuki-onna Monogatari
972:Magic: the Gathering
602:Yuki-onna (雪女) from
580:Chikamatsu Monzaemon
413:Fukushima Prefecture
239:Yamagata Prefectures
218:In legends from the
118:(雪婆, "snow hag") in
102:(雪女子, "snow girl"),
2049:Uji Shūi Monogatari
1948:Taketori Monogatari
1183:Nobuyoshi Furuhashi
978:Saviors of Kamigawa
948:Twilight in Olympus
668:Yamagata Prefecture
543:Nobuyoshi Furuhashi
500:Yamagata Prefecture
318:Wakayama Prefecture
110:(雪姉さ, "snow sis"),
77:Japanese literature
1466:Folktales of Japan
923:shows lead singer
714:Niigata prefecture
659:Tottori Prefecture
620:
547:Kaze no Matasaburō
516:Niigata Prefecture
405:Ibaraki Prefecture
393:Miyagi Prefectures
333:Tottori Prefecture
224:Niigata Prefecture
216:
190:Niigata Prefecture
165:
37:
3943:
3942:
3470:Danzaburou-danuki
1975:Tsuru no Ongaeshi
1939:Shita-kiri Suzume
1795:Awa Tanuki Gassen
1777:Japanese folklore
1713:978-4-390-11055-6
1695:978-4-404-02011-6
1665:magicuntapped.com
1641:magicuntapped.com
1551:japanese1-2-3.com
1418:978-4-08-720398-1
1385:978-4-8380-3108-5
1351:978-4-06-205172-9
1319:978-4-620-31428-0
1282:978-4-915146-44-2
1249:978-4-336-04187-6
1204:978-4-404-02011-6
1108:978-0-7864-8894-0
1053:Tsuru no Ongaeshi
955:role-playing game
886:Rosario + Vampire
524:Nagano Prefecture
520:Toyama Prefecture
289:Nagano Prefecture
73:Japanese folklore
3983:
3966:Mythic humanoids
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3488:Shibaemon-tanuki
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2034:
2014:
2005:
2002:Yamata no Orochi
1996:
1987:
1978:
1969:
1960:
1951:
1942:
1933:
1930:Saru Kani Gassen
1924:
1915:
1906:
1897:
1888:
1879:
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1858:Kachi-kachi Yama
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1616:Wizards Gatherer
1608:
1602:
1601:
1600:
1599:
1569:
1560:
1537:
1528:
1526:www.sarudama.com
1519:
1510:
1508:sacred-texts.com
1502:Chapter XLIX of
1500:"The Snow Ghost"
1496:
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1390:
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1324:
1323:
1298:
1287:
1286:
1271:. Vol. IV.
1269:Truth in Fantasy
1260:
1254:
1253:
1224:
1209:
1208:
1179:
1162:
1161:
1146:
1131:
1120:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1092:
469:Iwate Prefecture
417:Fukui Prefecture
401:Akita Prefecture
352:Yoshino District
303:Iwate Prefecture
299:Ehime Prefecture
209:Gazu Hyakki Yakō
169:Muromachi period
66:
64:
61:
58:
55:
52:
48:
47:
3991:
3990:
3986:
3985:
3984:
3982:
3981:
3980:
3961:Japanese ghosts
3946:
3945:
3944:
3939:
3903:
3897:Zashiki-warashi
3411:
3155:Rashōmon no oni
2501:Hitotsume-nyūdō
2469:
2327:
2062:
2055:
2017:
1885:Kobutori Jiisan
1831:Hanasaka Jiisan
1804:Bunbuku Chagama
1779:
1774:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1696:
1679:
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1610:
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1597:
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1563:
1558:Wayback Machine
1547:Wayback Machine
1538:
1531:
1520:
1513:
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1411:. p. 144.
1397:
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1344:. p. 237.
1331:
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1275:. p. 194.
1261:
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1242:. p. 169.
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931:Letty Whiterock
824:
796:
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651:
639:Japanese ghosts
596:
538:Tōno Monogatari
528:mountain people
496:Mogami District
485:Ōtoshi no Kyaku
446:in front and a
432:Gifu Prefecture
356:Nara Prefecture
329:Tōhaku District
213:Toriyama Sekien
198:
186:Echigo Province
154:
142:kanekori-musume
67:is a spirit or
62:
59:
56:
53:
42:
26:(ゆき女) from the
17:
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5:
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3930:Shigeru Mizuki
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3925:Lafcadio Hearn
3922:
3917:
3915:Kunio Yanagita
3911:
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3879:Yume no seirei
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3699:Tsurube-otoshi
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2811:Kuchisake-onna
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2492:Hitotsume-kozō
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2386:Futakuchi-onna
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2235:Ashinagatenaga
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2015:
2011:Yotsuya Kaidan
2006:
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1912:Nezumi no Sumō
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1722:External links
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1234:・多田克己編 (ed.).
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1040:The Snow Queen
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1018:
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1016:
1015:is a Yuki-Onna
1009:
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940:
936:Touhou Project
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898:story summary.
890:
881:
869:
861:anthology film
857:Akira Kurosawa
854:
850:Shiho Fujimura
845:The Snow Woman
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625:Lafcadio Hearn
595:
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588:vengeful ghost
576:Fushimi Tokiwa
561:Yamaoka Genrin
461:New Year's Day
409:Iwaki Province
207:(雪女) from the
197:
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4:
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3956:Female ghosts
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3648:
3645:
3644:
3639:
3636:
3635:
3630:
3627:
3626:
3625:Chōchin'obake
3621:
3618:
3617:
3612:
3609:
3608:
3607:Biwa-bokuboku
3603:
3600:
3599:
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3481:
3480:
3479:Inugami Gyōbu
3475:
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2885:
2884:
2883:Mikoshi-nyūdō
2879:
2876:
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2867:
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2326:
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2318:
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2309:
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2307:Daidarabotchi
2303:
2300:
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2200:
2195:
2192:
2191:
2186:
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2182:
2177:
2174:
2173:
2172:Amazake-babaa
2168:
2165:
2164:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2150:
2147:
2146:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2132:
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2123:
2120:
2119:
2114:
2111:
2110:
2105:
2102:
2101:
2096:
2093:
2092:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2082:Abura-sumashi
2078:
2075:
2074:
2069:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2058:
2051:
2050:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2027:
2026:
2024:
2020:
2013:
2012:
2007:
2004:
2003:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1989:
1986:
1985:
1984:Urashima Tarō
1980:
1977:
1976:
1971:
1968:
1967:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1957:Tamamo-no-Mae
1953:
1950:
1949:
1944:
1941:
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1935:
1932:
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1926:
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1896:
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1495:
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1475:
1474:0-226-74614-3
1471:
1467:
1461:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1443:9784309226293
1439:
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1428:
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1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1297:
1295:
1293:
1284:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1263:多田克己 (1990).
1259:
1251:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1206:
1200:
1196:
1193:特別増刊・事典シリーズ.
1192:
1188:
1184:
1178:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1170:
1168:
1160:
1156:
1154:9784061590373
1150:
1143:
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1128:
1126:
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984:
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979:
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961:
960:
956:
952:
949:
945:
941:
938:
937:
932:
929:
926:
925:Yuko Suzuhana
922:
918:
915:
914:
909:
906:
905:
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896:
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887:
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640:
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632:
631:
626:
617:
613:
609:
605:
604:Bakemono no e
600:
591:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
568:
566:
562:
558:
555:
550:
548:
544:
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486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
453:
451:
450:
445:
441:
437:
436:mountain huts
433:
429:
425:
420:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
385:
381:
379:
375:
371:
370:
365:
361:
360:oshiroi babaa
357:
353:
349:
344:
342:
338:
334:
330:
325:
323:
319:
314:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
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273:
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264:
262:
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244:
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231:
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221:
214:
210:
206:
202:
193:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
174:
170:
163:
158:
149:
147:
146:shigama-nyōbō
143:
139:
138:
133:
129:
125:
124:yukifuri-baba
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
88:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
41:
35:
34:Sawaki Suushi
31:
30:
29:Hyakkai-Zukan
25:
21:
3869:
3681:Tsurara-onna
3184:Onihitokuchi
3137:Kijo/Onibaba
3128:Ibaraki-dōji
2820:Kuda-gitsune
2483:Hito-gitsune
1840:Hyakki Yagyō
1736:
1703:
1685:
1668:. Retrieved
1664:
1655:
1644:. Retrieved
1640:
1631:
1619:. Retrieved
1615:
1606:
1596:, retrieved
1576:
1503:
1494:
1480:
1465:
1460:
1433:
1427:
1400:
1399:田中聡 (2007).
1394:
1375:
1337:
1328:
1305:
1264:
1258:
1235:
1186:
1158:
1140:
1112:. Retrieved
1097:
1090:
1072:
1047:Take no yuki
1045:
1031:
993:
986:
982:
976:
970:
957:
953:In the 2004
934:
921:Wagakki Band
913:Yo-Kai Watch
911:
904:YuYu Hakusho
902:
893:
884:
875:
863:
843:
834:
828:
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
797:
788:
777:
769:
758:
717:
709:
705:
701:
652:
628:
621:
574:such as the
569:
559:
551:
536:
533:
510:
504:
489:
454:
447:
443:
428:Ibi District
421:
386:
382:
373:
367:
348:Kumano River
345:
326:
322:mountain god
315:
310:
306:
292:
282:
275:
265:
260:
250:
232:
228:tsurara-onna
217:
204:
171:
166:
145:
141:
137:tsurara-onna
135:
123:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
89:
39:
38:
27:
23:
3935:Inoue Enryō
3908:Folklorists
3634:Ittan-momen
3616:Boroboroton
3589:Abumi-guchi
3580:Tsukumogami
3412: [
3229:Osakabehime
3164:Shuten-dōji
3074:Oboroguruma
2921:Mokumokuren
2892:Miage-nyūdō
2775:Konaki-jiji
2555:Ishinagenjo
2470: [
2404:Gashadokuro
2328: [
2262:Bake-kujira
2181:Amefurikozō
2073:Abura-akago
2040:Otogi-zōshi
1966:Tawara Tōda
1849:Issun-bōshi
1813:Hachikazuki
1612:"Yuki-Onna"
1573:"Yuki-Onna"
1304:編著 (2000).
1187:日本「神話・伝説」総覧
1136:, cited by
1003:Yoshiko Sai
92:yuki-musume
3950:Categories
3920:Keigo Seki
3643:Kasa-obake
3571:Tsuchinoko
3562:Tsuchigumo
3434:Sunekosuri
3409:Shussebora
3328:Shidaidaka
3319:Shachihoko
3274:Rokurokubi
3220:Ootakemaru
3056:Nyūdō-bōzu
3029:Nurarihyon
3002:Noppera-bō
2874:Mikaribaba
2793:Koromodako
2665:Kasa-obake
2638:Kamaitachi
2458:Hiderigami
2422:Hanako-san
2298:Chimimōryō
2226:Aosaginohi
1993:Uriko-hime
1670:2023-10-03
1646:2023-10-03
1598:2022-11-28
1374:他編 (ed.).
1134:Konno 1981
1114:23 October
1082:References
1058:White Lady
1027:Jack Frost
959:Yume Nikki
944:Symphony X
916:franchise.
772:snowstorms
649:Variations
594:Appearance
565:Edo period
522:, and the
473:koshōgatsu
307:koshōgatsu
287:region of
243:Kaminoyama
222:region of
134:, such as
108:yuki anesa
100:yuki-onago
60:snow woman
3870:Yuki-onna
3798:Yamajijii
3690:Tsurubebi
3553:Tōfu-kozō
3355:Shinigami
3337:Shikigami
3310:Sazae-oni
3038:Nure-onna
2784:Korpokkur
2748:Kitsunebi
2510:Hone-onna
2440:Hashihime
2431:Harionago
2359:Funayūrei
2289:Binbōgami
2253:Azukiarai
2163:Amanozako
2154:Amanojaku
2091:Aka Manto
1867:Kasa Jizō
1785:Folktales
1741:Jon Wilks
1737:Japanzine
1621:3 October
1593:242650317
1540:Yuki-onna
1452:910499476
1338:妖怪お化け雑学事典
1265:幻想世界の住人たち
1145:(snippet)
933:from the
853:material.
848:starring
744:Fukushima
731:Fukushima
511:Yuki-onna
494:. In the
477:toshigami
252:kokakuchō
205:Yuki-onna
112:yuki-onba
85:animation
40:Yuki-onna
24:Yuki-onna
3861:Yosuzume
3816:Yamawaro
3807:Yama-uba
3789:Yamabiko
3744:Ushi-oni
3735:Umi zatō
3670:Ungaikyō
3661:Menreiki
3598:Bakezōri
3443:Takaonna
3364:Shiranui
3283:Samebito
3247:Otoroshi
3146:Kidōmaru
3047:Nurikabe
3020:Nuppeppō
2993:Noderabō
2966:Namahage
2939:Mononoke
2847:Kuzunoha
2802:Kotobuki
2737:Hakuzōsu
2701:Kijimuna
2692:Keukegen
2647:Kamikiri
2627:Nekomata
2618:Bakeneko
2591:Jorōgumo
2582:Jinmenju
2573:Janjanbi
2467:Hinezumi
2368:Furaribi
2325:Dorotabō
2316:Dodomeki
2244:Ayakashi
2109:Akashita
1921:Oto-hime
1903:Momotarō
1894:Kurozuka
1822:Hakuzōsu
1554:Archived
1543:Archived
1401:江戸の妖怪事件簿
1376:昔話・伝説小事典
1336:(1991).
1230:(2000).
1063:Yama-uba
1020:See also
872:Froslass
859:'s 1990
822:In media
784:succubus
780:vampiric
755:Behavior
457:Hirosaki
391:and the
311:yama-uba
294:yama-uba
268:Hirosaki
257:blizzard
104:yukijorō
96:yukihime
3771:Wanyūdō
3726:Umibōzu
3708:Ubagabi
3400:Shōkera
3373:Shirime
3346:Shikome
3193:Onikuma
3110:Ōmukade
2912:Mizuchi
2766:Komainu
2728:Kitsune
2683:Kawauso
2600:Jubokko
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