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1368:. This operation can only be performed after the window is created. However, performing it once may not be enough. Indeed, the content of the window is not always guaranteed to be preserved. For example, if the window is covered and then uncovered again, its content might require being redrawn. The program is informed that the window or a part of it has to be drawn by the reception of an
569:, etc. are all identifiers, which are 32-bit integers (just as in the X11 protocol itself). A client 'creates' a window by requesting that the server create a window. This is done via a call to an Xlib function that returns an identifier for the window, that is, a number. This identifier can then be used by the client for requesting other operations on the same window to the server.
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in this case refers to the request from the client that is directed to the server: the request buffer can contain all kinds of requests to the server, not only those having a visible effect on the screen. The request buffer is guaranteed to be flushed (i.e., all requests done so far are sent to the
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Xlib stores the received events in a queue. The client application can inspect and retrieve events from the queue. While the X server sends events asynchronously, applications using the Xlib library are required to explicitly call Xlib functions for accessing the events in the queue. Some of these
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structure as an argument because they either operate on the channel or are relative to a specific channel. In particular, all Xlib functions that interact with the server need this structure for accessing the channel. Some other functions need this structure, even if they operate locally, because
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The identifiers are unique to the server. Most of them can be used by different applications to refer to the same objects. For example, two applications connecting with the same server use the same identifier to refer to the same window. These two applications use two different channels, and
704:
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library is an alternative to Xlib. Its two main aims are: reduction in library size and direct access to the X11 protocol. A modification of Xlib has been produced to use XCB as a low-level layer.
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Windows, colormaps, etc. are managed by the server, which means that the data about their actual implementation is all stored in the server. The client operates on these objects by using their
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structure of the Xlib library contains information about the display, but more importantly it contains information relative to the channel between the client and the server. For example, in a
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Errors are instead received and treated asynchronously: the application can provide an error handler that will be called whenever an error message from the server is received.
1383:. The event loop waits for an incoming event: if this event is a key press, the application exits; if it is an expose event, the window content is drawn. The function
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Applications using any of these widget libraries typically specify the content of the window before entering the main loop and do not need to explicitly handle
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The content of a window is not guaranteed to be preserved if the window or one of its parts are made not visible. In this case, the application is sent an
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they operate on data relative to a specific channel. Operations of this kind include for example operations on the event queue, which is described below.
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602:, after a call to a function that returns a value from the server (these functions block until the answer is received), and in some other conditions.
550:. The client cannot directly operate on an object, but can only request the server to perform the operation specifying the identifier of the object.
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The Xlib functions that send requests to the server usually do not send these requests immediately but store them in a buffer, called the
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event when the window or one part of it is made visible again. The application is then supposed to draw the window content again.
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library (Xt), which provides support for widgets but does not provide any particular widget; specific widgets are provided by
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structures; however, when they request operations on the same identifier, these operations will be done on the same object.
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Few applications use Xlib directly; rather, they employ other libraries that use Xlib functions to provide
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libraries that provide widget sets using Xlib directly, without the Xt library, such as the X versions of
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are provided by other libraries, which in turn use Xlib. There are two kinds of such libraries:
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Informally, a display is a physical or virtual device where graphical operations are done. The
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is necessary for mapping the window, that is, for making it visible on the screen.
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1586:. The Definitive Guides to the X Window System. Vol. 2. O'Reilly Media.
1567:. The Definitive Guides to the X Window System. Vol. 1. O'Reilly Media.
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479:) and its clients. It communicates with its clients over a given protocol.
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blocks and flushes the request buffer if there is no event in the queue.
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The following program creates a window with a little black square in it:
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Xlib does not provide support for buttons, menus, scrollbars, etc. Such
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operations that are local to the client: operations on the event queue (
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functions may block; in this case, they also flush the request buffer.
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Simple Xlib application for creating a window and drawing a box in it.
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Simple Xlib application drawing a box and text in a window. Without
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Simple Xlib application drawing a box and text in a window. With
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The drawing of the window content is therefore made inside the
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The client creates a connection with the server by calling
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requests to the server, including requests for operations (
399:. A re-implementation of Xlib was introduced in 2007 using
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X.Org
Foundation's official programming documentation
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The functions in the Xlib library can be grouped in:
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to write programs without knowing the details of the
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The role of KMS (Kernel mode-setting), Linux example
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49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1353:. It then requests the creation of a window with
534:of this channel (this can be retrieved using the
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1511:Tip search for: typedef struct _XDisplay Display
448:and Xlib are client libraries which implement a
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2301:
1616:
1038:// select kind of events we are interested in
285:X11-clients use xlib to communicate with the
1558:Using Xlib for creating a screensaver module
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515:structure and the types of the identifiers.
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662:, ...) and other operations on local data (
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530:structure contains the file handle of the
496:can circumvent Xlib and write directly to
388:Xlib appeared around 1985, and is used in
206:
158:
383:SFML (Simple and Fast Multimedia Library)
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
1548:Kenton Lee's pages on X Window and Motif
702:
690:
280:
511:The main types of data in Xlib are the
431:graphics stack current as of 2013-08-24
3619:
3550:Extensible Application Markup Language
1507:"Display Structure on freedesktop CVS"
1446:events and redraw the window content.
594:server) after a call to the functions
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16:Client library for the X Window System
2289:
1604:
3371:Component Library for Cross Platform
2980:Component Library for Cross Platform
647:,...) and requests for information (
468:The display server sits between the
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
1630:
1581:
1562:
1543:Manual pages for all Xlib functions
1530:, including most recent version of
538:macro.) Most Xlib functions have a
13:
3632:C (programming language) libraries
3627:Application programming interfaces
3236:Lightweight User Interface Toolkit
3040:Simple and Fast Multimedia Library
2932:Enlightenment Foundation Libraries
2482:
1730:X Display Manager Control Protocol
1472:"[ANNOUNCE] libX11 1.8.10"
1390:
14:
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2275:Desktop environments (comparison)
1521:
1320:// close connection to the server
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834:// open connection to the server
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23:
2764:Windows Presentation Foundation
1411:libraries that use Xt, such as
1364:The square is drawn by calling
34:needs additional citations for
1485:
628:operations on the connection (
378:SDL (Simple DirectMedia Layer)
1:
2995:OpenGL User Interface Library
2580:High-level, platform-specific
1532:Xlib - C Language X Interface
1456:
573:therefore have two different
406:
1403:libraries built atop of the
1125:// draw or redraw the window
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7:
2330:Low-level platform-specific
1740:X-Video Motion Compensation
729:gcc input.c -o output -lX11
10:
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2916:High-level, cross-platform
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316:for interacting with an X
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3353:Lazarus Component Library
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2012:
1969:
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1553:A longer tutorial on Xlib
888:"Cannot open display
819:"Hello, World!"
239:
227:
217:
182:
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150:
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126:
2832:Visual Component Library
2809:Windows Template Library
2546:Simple DirectMedia Layer
2507:Low Level Cross-platform
1538:A short tutorial on Xlib
1377:loop handling the events
1071:// map (show) the window
720:
500:. An additional port to
494:Simple DirectMedia Layer
320:. These functions allow
3226:Standard Widget Toolkit
3201:Abstract Window Toolkit
2804:Active Template Library
1725:Shared memory extension
1565:Xlib Programming Manual
453:communications protocol
2814:Object Windows Library
1660:X Window authorization
715:
700:
526:operating system, the
310:C programming language
290:
1715:X Rendering Extension
1584:Xlib Reference Manual
1357:. A separate call to
706:
694:
284:
165:; 49 days ago
3269:Google Closure Tools
2441:X Toolkit Intrinsics
1887:X Toolkit Intrinsics
1705:X keyboard extension
1582:Nye, Adrian (1990).
1563:Nye, Adrian (1990).
1405:X Toolkit Intrinsics
1284:// exit on key press
340:X Toolkit Intrinsics
43:improve this article
1765:Composite Extension
1534:in several formats.
1495:. February 9, 2007.
1355:XCreateSimpleWindow
942:XCreateSimpleWindow
581:Protocol and events
123:
3231:Google Web Toolkit
2769:Windows UI Library
1760:Display PostScript
1655:X Window selection
1470:Alan Coopersmith.
738:<X11/Xlib.h>
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649:XGetWindowProperty
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1735:X video extension
1700:X Image Extension
504:is also available
397:operating systems
346:Athena widget set
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252:, documentation:
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3015:Rogue Wave Views
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933:// create window
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1720:Shape extension
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1632:X Window System
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1493:"XDC2007 Notes"
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333:widget toolkits
308:written in the
302:X Window System
296:(also known as
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139:Initial release
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1522:External links
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1155:XFillRectangle
721:
712:window manager
697:window manager
688:
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668:XParseGeometry
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587:request buffer
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450:display server
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312:. It contains
287:display server
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163:/ 28 July 2024
156:
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152:Stable release
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117:
116:
99:September 2018
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
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3545:Lively Kernel
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3363:Object Pascal
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3108:Xamarin.Forms
3106:
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3081:Tao Framework
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2824:Object Pascal
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2781:Microsoft XNA
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2754:Windows Forms
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2636:Object Pascal
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2025:
2023:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2005:
2004:Enlightenment
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
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1990:
1987:
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1982:
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1968:
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1649:Core protocol
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1633:
1626:
1621:
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1614:
1612:
1607:
1606:
1603:
1595:
1593:0-937175-12-9
1589:
1585:
1580:
1576:
1574:0-937175-11-0
1570:
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1406:
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1400:
1398:
1388:
1378:
1373:
1362:
1323:XCloseDisplay
1092:// event loop
921:DefaultScreen
719:
713:
710:
705:
698:
693:
664:XLookupKeysym
653:
641:XCreateWindow
638:
634:XCloseDisplay
627:
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369:(X11 version)
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63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
3254:Dojo Toolkit
2915:
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