274:
37:
205:) are more likely to be directional than those found on other continents. In Canada and the United States, the railroad often was built before other structures, and railway builders had much more freedom to lay down tracks where they wished. Similarly, when not constrained by space limitations many early Australian railways made use of wyes (particularly in rural locations) for their lower installation and maintenance costs; however, their necessity and use diminished from the 1960s onwards with the major trend in most states toward bidirectional locomotives and railcars.
363:
There is a goods branch from
Chullora and, in the future, the possibility of a separate single track freight line. The three passenger stations at the vertices of the triangle have island platforms making it convenient to change trains. The sharp curves of the triangle, and especially the turnouts on those sharp curves, restrict train speeds to between 10 and 50 km/h (6.2 and 31.1 mph). Near Hamilton station on the Central Coast and Newcastle line there is a wye for freight trains and regional trains. This puts them directly on the main northern line
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1423:
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770:. Trains normally descend in the direction they have arrived from and are designed accordingly with the power unit at the lower end and seating angled to compensate for the gradient. They therefore have to be turned at the summit should it be necessary to make a through journey. Whilst limitations of space dictated that the triangle had to be partly constructed in tunnels it also ensures that in winter it is snow-free and thus readily available in emergencies.
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1980:
29:
895:. Eventually authority was given to construct a turning arrangement on a strip of spare land to the west of the main line, just south of Grantham station. There was insufficient space for a conventional triangle but this was overcome by constructing an "inside-out" triangle whereby the approach tracks intersected in a scissors crossing.
923:
A typical use for a stub-end passenger station would be as follows: A wye was incorporated at the "throat" where the rows of tracks converged from the station to facilitate the turning of trains. An arriving train came to a stop on the main line after passing the wye. Once the switches on the wye are
309:
in 1837. The triangle has two passenger platform faces on each of its three sides and five of the six platforms are in frequent (half-hourly, etc.) use by passenger trains. When steam engines were in regular use the triangle (which is of course also traversed by freight trains) was also used to turn
288:
The land within a triangle is cut off from the adjacent area (and normally fenced off) and has marginal commercial value, so will be purposed mainly for the railway's exclusive use – generally being used for maintenance depots, storage, or vehicle parking. On electrified lines substations tend to be
228:
Similar considerations as for mainline rail systems apply to the use of triangular junctions and reversing wyes on streetcar and tram systems. Many, although by no means all, streetcar and tram systems use single ended vehicles that have doors on one side only, and that must be turned at each end of
927:
Meanwhile, the locomotives could be uncoupled from the train and sent to the engine terminal to be serviced for their next assignment. Then, the head-end cars could be uncoupled from the rest of the train and spotted by a station switcher at the parcel facility where mail and express packages were
362:
in Sydney lies on one corner of a triangular junction, which allows trains to branch off in either direction without the need to terminate or change ends. One train a day from
Birrong to Sefton does terminate and reverse at Regents Park station (in order to clean the rust off the crossover rails).
879:
and it is shown on the 1963 edition of OS 1 inch to 1 mile sheet 113. It was built in the 1950s after the turntable at the locomotive shed failed and expenditure on a replacement was no longer justified. Locomotives requiring to be turned had to travel to
Barkston Junction to traverse the
197:
can turn trains of any length — up to the total length of the loop — in a single operation, but require far more space than wyes. Rail wyes can be constructed on sites where a loop would not be possible, and can turn trains up to the length of the stub tracks at the end of the wye.
97:
through successive junctions of the wye. The direction of travel and the relative orientation of a locomotive or railway vehicle thus can be reversed. Where a wye is built specifically for equipment reversing purposes, one or more of the tracks making up the junction will typically be a
931:
The train was announced for boarding with a list of destinations. With switches aligned, the train slowly departed to the main line, continuing on its journey or returning toward the direction from which it arrived by rounding the opposite leg from the one it reversed on upon arrival.
928:
handled. The departing train was reassembled, freshly cleaned and serviced for the next journey. A steam pipe from the station's steam generator could have been attached to the train's steam line from the rear to supply heat until the locomotives were coupled up front to supply steam.
924:
aligned, the train reversed, with the brakeman at the rear of the last car regulating the speed with the brake lever upon approach to the platform. After coming to a complete stop at the end of the track, passengers were allowed to disembark safely.
265:(reversing loop) so that trains can serve the main station in either direction without the need to reverse. In a midline station where it is desired to reverse a consist or locomotive, a double-track and turning wye arrangement is far more common.
245:
A triangle may have a situational disadvantage in train operations when space constraints of the local geography cause one leg of triangle to bypass a main station. In tight city environments, this can happen easily, as it did, for example, at
466:. The former allows direct Limerick–Dublin passenger trains to bypass the Limerick Junction station, and is also occasionally used to turn steam locomotives on railtours, whilst the latter is used primarily by freight trains running between
550:. Though two sides of the former are still in mainline use, the "back line" between Monkstown and Greenisland has been removed, whilst the latter was closed altogether in 1957. Additionally, the Great Northern's largest locomotive yard at
121:
The use of triangular junctions allows flexibility in routing trains from any line to either of the two other paths, without the need to reverse the train. For this reason they are common across most rail networks. A slower train may be
216:, most steam locomotives were uni-directional. Because of land usage considerations, turntables were normally used to turn such locomotives, and most terminal stations and locomotive depots were so equipped. Over time, most diesel and
141:
Where one or more of the lines forming the junction are multi-track, the presence of a triangular junction does introduce a number of potential conflicting moves. For this reason, where traffic is heavy the triangle may incorporate
890:
attached was turned before starting out south on its record-breaking run on 3 July 1938). The journey to
Barkston Junction and back was a time-consuming business involving a round trip of some 8 miles (13 km) along the busy
232:
However, the vehicles used on such systems tend to have much smaller minimum curvature requirements than heavy rail equipment. This renders the use of a balloon loop more practical in a small amount of space, and with
2104:
523:, the triangle forms the basis of a heritage railway, the only heritage railway of this type in the British Isles. There is one station at each end of the triangle and another in the southernmost corner.
907:
in large cities had wye tracks to allow the turning and backing of directional passenger trains onto a main line. Freight traffic could bypass the terminal through the wye. Notable examples include the
589:
for turning locomotives. This uses a pentagram layout, requiring four movements and five turnouts to reverse. It allows a smaller layout, without excessively tight curve radii, compared to a triangle.
1883:
termini of its line. The train is turned around at the South Rim/Grand Canyon
Village wye with the passengers on board. At the Williams end, the train is turned around after the passengers disembark.
1864:, uses a wye to turn the locomotives around for the return trip north. A road that crosses the eastern side of the wye allows access to the inner part of the wye where there is a rock supply company.
162:
From time to time it is necessary to turn both individual pieces of railroad equipment or whole trains. This may be because the piece of equipment is not directionally symmetrical, for example, most
1968:
There was a "star" layout at the summit of the
Brenner Pass, on the Austrian–Italian border. It was still there in 1991, covered over with gravel so that market-stalls could function on top.
237:
vehicles such a loop may be able to use side streets or street squares. However, although turning loops are the most common way of turning such vehicles, wye tracks are also sometimes used.
789:
In
Britain triangular layouts that could be used for turning locomotives were usually the result of junctions of two or more lines. There are many examples, including the one known as the
220:
ordered in Europe have been designed to be fully bi-directional and normally with two driving cabs. Thus most rail wyes, where they existed, and turntables have been taken out of use.
492:. It is rarely used to turn locomotives, save the occasional steam engine. It is only used for out of service trains. Commuter trains enter the junction from one direction (e.g., the
593:
93:
doing the same job, but at the cost of two additional sets of points to construct and then maintain. These turnings are accomplished by performing the railway equivalent of a
2173:
2156:
317:, which had been opened in 1831 as a horse-drawn railway. This appears to have been used for reversing trains of wagons with end doors that have just come up the
722:
has two triangles. The first and smaller one is for turning engines and is near the station. The second and larger one is to bypass the dead-end station at
1849:. This section of track is considered a bottleneck for system-wide capacity based on speed restrictions and timing difficulties from distant branch lines.
201:
Railroad systems in North
America and Australia have tended to have more wyes than railroads elsewhere. North American locomotives and cars (such as
289:
located inside triangles, in part because the land is cheap, and also because it provides the most convenient and flexible sectioning arrangements.
1823:
863:
has long been removed and the area re-developed; the sidings at Valley some 4 miles (6.4 km) from the terminus are the nearest suitable site.
695:
In addition to small terminal stations such as
Carbonia and Malles Venosta, inversion stars were also installed at some principal stations such as
2725:
1894:
System. It will allow for transfers from feeder services on the third leg and facilitate more routing options as future phases are completed.
321:
to the highest level of the railway before they proceeded down the remaining inclines. The site of this can still be seen near
Hindlow, in
875:
835:
822:
551:
334:
108:
tracks also make use of triangular junctions and sometimes have a short triangle or wye stubs to turn the car at the end of the line.
1498:
512:
497:
2177:
2038:
734:. This direct bypass line can save an hour of shunting time, particularly if the train is longer than the loops in the station.
258:
2215:
2091:
813:. The significance of it is that steam-hauled trains can run to Newport and their engines be turned using the triangle. Its
974:
138:
with an oncoming train, or to allow a faster one to overtake, and then reverse out to continue in the original direction.
2718:
516:
696:
178:. Even where equipment is symmetrical, periodic turning may still be necessary in order to equalize wear (e.g., on the
543:
455:
370:
network, both at major junctions, and for turning locomotives and train consists in places where the provision of a
2688:
1902:
830:
also has a triangular route formation that was used to turn steam locomotives, and is still available. A triangle,
547:
302:
247:
183:
2711:
2044:. Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC). U.S. Department of Defense. 16 January 2004. pp. 8–12. Archived from
314:
1880:
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Where two rail lines join, or where a spur diverges from a railroad's mainline, wyes can be used at a
2411:
2208:
1181:
1177:
1965:
It takes four changes of direction of movement to turn a piece of rolling stock on a reversing star.
2645:
967:
944:
860:
573:. The line that goes between George's Dock and Connolly is never used, as no trams operate between
527:
463:
273:
2766:
2683:
2396:
2237:
1946:
1841:, California, the vast majority of the system's trains run through the wye primarily to and from
700:
648:
193:
require the least space, but can generally only deal with a single piece of equipment at a time.
526:
Historical triangular junctions in Ireland include Moyasta Junction on the West Clare line, the
2957:
2555:
2379:
2311:
1830:
913:
852:
844:
715:
398:
359:
306:
254:, Romania, where extra passenger stations had to be built to serve trains taking the shortcut.
68:
2535:
2515:
2281:
1906:
1819:
1308:
917:
798:
297:
The earliest British (and possibly worldwide) example is the double-tracked triangle within
36:
2771:
2761:
2751:
2485:
2201:
1872:
1058:
892:
731:
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or turntable. It was also used to turn trains, such as during the demonstration run of the
382:
2139:
89:
Wyes can also be used for turning railway equipment, and generally cover less area than a
8:
2942:
2847:
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2332:
2124:
1815:
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123:
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2018:
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190:
167:
20:
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1959:
1941:
1857:
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94:
45:
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2505:
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2008:
2003:
1955:
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2013:
1887:
948:
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616:
496:), stop at Grand Central, and then continue out on the other direction towards
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234:
660:
561:
tram system has a triangular junction on the Red Line between the stations of
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2071:
The Cromford & High Peak Railway: Part 2 — Memories of the High Peak
1985:
1842:
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1422:
1415:
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1401:
1394:
947:
and is a remarkable engineering feat. Two sides of the wye are built on tall
904:
759:
351:
318:
127:
99:
1962:. Because of this, a reversing star is more expensive to build and service.
1950:) is a special wye layout used in places where the space is tight. It has a
778:
519:. Originally constructed to allow direct Belfast–Newcastle trains to bypass
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1993:
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131:
90:
19:"Junction triangle" redirects here. For the neighbourhood in Toronto, see
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2852:
2495:
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1998:
1834:
763:
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620:
501:
471:
2703:
2086:. Newton Abbot, Devon; and North Pomfret, Vermont: David & Charles.
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2613:
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2406:
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2256:
1853:
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railcars, so they do not need to use the junction as a turning method.
322:
135:
2193:
562:
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1951:
419:
415:
282:
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1846:
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608:
554:
never had a turntable, using a dedicated turning triangle instead.
411:
158:
Illustration of the usage of a wye track for turning a rail vehicle
75:(set of points) at each corner connecting to the incoming lines. A
2157:
Locomotives being turned at Verona (14m 30s) and Brenner (16m 00s)
742:
There is a turning triangle partly tunnelled into the mountain at
189:
Several different techniques can be used to achieve such turning.
1868:
1861:
802:
790:
726:
for trains travelling directly between the new extension towards
719:
485:
407:
378:
171:
2510:
727:
723:
278:
251:
1925:
The "reversing star" (red) compared to the ordinary wye (blue)
866:
An unusual arrangement, unique in Britain, was constructed at
511:
The only other operational triangular junction in Ireland is
56:
839:, was provided in 1989 adjacent to the transfer sidings for
374:
was impractical or unnecessarily expensive. These included:
1297:
612:
558:
257:
In contrast, the engineering of a terminus station such as
154:
105:
1979:
767:
1909:
trains all day. The wye was named after a past station,
208:
In Europe, although some use was made of bi-directional
86:
to allow incoming trains to travel in either direction.
1561:
1553:
1546:
1539:
951:
and one side is in a tunnel bored through solid rock.
430:
A triangular junction is used to turn tramcars on the
28:
1845:
with some services running north and south along the
1975:
488:, Northern Ireland, a triangular junction exists at
2039:"UFC 4-860-01FA Railroad Design and Rehabilitation"
474:to avoid having to run around in Kilkenny station.
406:– built to allow trains to travel directly between
366:A number of triangular junctions were built on the
1958:(versus three for a wye) and three, four or five
1705:
1697:
1690:
1455:
1447:
1440:
3026:
1824:Chicago and North Western Transportation Company
1768:
1293:
1046:
953:
2073:. Stafford, Robert Cartwright Productions. DVD.
1480:
1472:
1465:
454:two triangular junctions are in use. One is at
277:A park located within a triangular junction in
67:) is a triangular joining arrangement of three
16:Triangular arrangement joining three rail lines
2152:
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2148:
2120:
2118:
355:Double track triangle, drawn in one-rail style
2719:
2209:
1680:
1672:
1665:
968:
223:
2145:
2115:
1027:
1019:
1012:
855:to be used by steam hauled excursions. The
2726:
2712:
2216:
2202:
2135:
2133:
1384:
1376:
975:
961:
2733:
1897:Hammel's Wye is a primary feature of the
1579:
1571:
1173:
1168:
2105:"Via della Stazione, Carbonia CI, Italy"
1920:
1655:
1647:
1597:
1589:
1529:
1521:
880:triangular layout there (this was where
777:
592:Some of these still survive, such as at
476:
350:
272:
174:has a dedicated tail end car such as an
153:
149:
35:
27:
2223:
2130:
1615:
1607:
310:locomotives, and can still be so used.
3027:
1749:
1741:
1149:
1141:
341:
259:Woodville Railway Station, New Zealand
40:Countryside wye near LĂĽderitz, Namibia
2707:
2197:
1241:
1233:
1205:
1197:
1131:
1123:
385:and used to turn the consists of the
2084:The Cromford & High Peak Railway
1890:is a primary feature of the planned
1223:
1215:
801:South Wales mainline from London to
292:
805:is joined by another GWR line from
766:, located on opposite sides of the
758:is reached from two lower termini,
586:
585:Railways in Italy used a number of
517:Downpatrick and County Down Railway
261:avoided this problem by building a
13:
1079:
14:
3046:
1916:
1090:
773:
746:at the summit of the 800mm gauge
313:An earlier example may be on the
126:to temporarily enter a wye (as a
111:
1978:
1954:-like form and consists of five
1756:
1748:
1740:
1731:
1712:
1704:
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1528:
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1511:
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1471:
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1454:
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1439:
1429:
1421:
1414:
1407:
1400:
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1340:
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1326:
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1214:
1204:
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1089:
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1035:
1034:
1026:
1018:
1011:
898:
683:
671:
659:
647:
635:
631:Inversion star or convoluted wye
303:Liverpool and Manchester Railway
240:
2125:Via della Stazione, Carbonia CI
1282:
381:– Built on the junction of the
116:
2166:
2097:
2076:
2063:
2031:
1713:
1512:
1367:
1341:
1334:
1327:
1275:
1268:
1249:
1157:
912:, which has a double wye, the
737:
315:Cromford and High Peak Railway
1:
2024:
1852:The southern terminus of the
1757:
1732:
1623:
1099:
305:, which was completed by the
268:
1488:
346:
7:
1971:
1873:Grand Canyon Railway (GCRY)
1348:
851:in Wales. This enables the
841:Wylfa Nuclear Power Station
797:, South Wales. Here the ex-
540:Northern Counties Committee
44:In railroad structures and
10:
3051:
2938:Cross-platform interchange
2424:Transfer table (traverser)
1892:California High-Speed Rail
1826:wye and crossover nearby.
710:
445:
299:Earlestown railway station
18:
2984:
2956:
2886:
2868:Switch / turnout / points
2858:Grand circle / roundabout
2823:
2780:
2742:
2661:
2579:
2474:
2412:ground-level power supply
2320:
2232:
1829:A primary feature of the
1765:
1725:
1721:
1638:
1631:
1505:
1496:
1360:
1356:
1320:
1290:
1261:
1257:
1188:
1165:
1114:
1107:
1070:
1043:
1003:
910:Los Angeles Union Station
224:Streetcar or tram systems
63:(often shortened to just
2174:"Tsumeb railway station"
945:Western Pacific Railroad
580:
195:Balloon or turning loops
2397:Railway electrification
2082:Marshall, John (1982).
1945:
1926:
1875:has a wye at both the
1831:Bay Area Rapid Transit
914:Saint Paul Union Depot
853:North Wales Coast Line
786:
716:Tsumeb railway station
548:Great Northern Railway
481:
360:Sefton railway station
356:
307:Grand Junction Railway
285:
159:
84:mainline rail junction
41:
33:
2536:Platform screen doors
1924:
1907:Rockaway Park Shuttle
1820:Union Pacific Railway
1818:, is named after the
1309:Klamath Falls, Oregon
918:Memphis Union Station
782:Modified triangle at
781:
703:at the summit of the
594:the original terminus
500:. Commuter trains on
490:Grand Central station
480:
468:the Port of Waterford
354:
276:
157:
150:For turning equipment
146:on some of the legs.
39:
31:
3004:Minimum curve radius
2971:Zig Zag / Switchback
2486:Anti-trespass panels
1947:Stella di inversione
1881:Grand Canyon Village
903:Many North American
893:East Coast Main Line
506:diesel multiple unit
319:rope-hauled inclines
218:electric locomotives
79:is a specific case.
3035:Rail junction types
2943:Interchange station
2848:Facing and trailing
2815:Classification yard
2333:Classification yard
2069:Kay, Peter (1997).
2051:on 15 December 2011
1816:Wyeville, Wisconsin
1301:Gateway Subdivision
943:, was built by the
905:passenger terminals
870:. Its location was
521:Downpatrick station
458:, and the other at
452:Republic of Ireland
432:Portland Cable Tram
342:Examples by country
61:triangular junction
2873:Swingnose crossing
2592:Motive power depot
2546:Signalling control
1927:
1837:. Located beneath
1773:Canyon Subdivision
1051:Canyon Subdivision
941:Keddie, California
787:
697:Verona Porta Nuova
482:
424:Spirit of Progress
392:Spirit of Progress
368:Victorian Railways
357:
286:
180:London Underground
168:diesel locomotives
160:
42:
34:
3022:
3021:
2701:
2700:
2419:Railway turntable
2240:
2180:on 21 July 2011.
2092:978-0-715-38128-1
2019:Railway turntable
1960:diamond crossings
1899:IND Rockaway Line
1854:Amtrak Auto Train
1812:
1811:
1808:
1807:
1786:
1785:
1314:
1313:
1064:
1063:
587:"inversion stars"
544:Bundoran Junction
456:Limerick Junction
293:Earliest examples
164:steam locomotives
106:Tram or streetcar
21:Junction Triangle
3042:
2933:Spanish solution
2923:Terminal station
2896:Railway platform
2728:
2721:
2714:
2705:
2704:
2596:Railway workshop
2312:Transition curve
2282:Fastening system
2236:
2218:
2211:
2204:
2195:
2194:
2188:
2186:
2176:. Archived from
2170:
2164:
2154:
2143:
2137:
2128:
2122:
2113:
2112:
2101:
2095:
2080:
2074:
2067:
2061:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2050:
2043:
2035:
1988:
1983:
1982:
1839:Downtown Oakland
1769:
1760:
1759:
1752:
1751:
1744:
1743:
1735:
1734:
1716:
1715:
1708:
1707:
1700:
1699:
1693:
1692:
1683:
1682:
1675:
1674:
1668:
1667:
1658:
1657:
1650:
1649:
1626:
1625:
1618:
1617:
1610:
1609:
1600:
1599:
1592:
1591:
1582:
1581:
1574:
1573:
1564:
1563:
1556:
1555:
1549:
1548:
1542:
1541:
1532:
1531:
1524:
1523:
1515:
1514:
1491:
1490:
1483:
1482:
1475:
1474:
1468:
1467:
1458:
1457:
1450:
1449:
1443:
1442:
1433:
1432:
1425:
1424:
1418:
1417:
1411:
1410:
1404:
1403:
1397:
1396:
1387:
1386:
1379:
1378:
1370:
1369:
1351:
1350:
1344:
1343:
1337:
1336:
1330:
1329:
1294:
1285:
1284:
1278:
1277:
1271:
1270:
1252:
1251:
1244:
1243:
1236:
1235:
1226:
1225:
1218:
1217:
1208:
1207:
1200:
1199:
1176:
1175:
1171:
1170:
1160:
1159:
1152:
1151:
1144:
1143:
1134:
1133:
1126:
1125:
1102:
1101:
1093:
1092:
1082:
1081:
1047:
1038:
1037:
1030:
1029:
1022:
1021:
1015:
1014:
1001:
1000:
977:
970:
963:
954:
878:
838:
825:
756:Kleine Scheidegg
752:Bernese Oberland
744:Kleine Scheidegg
687:
675:
663:
651:
639:
602:
538:triangle on the
513:Downpatrick Loop
418:without using a
337:
250:, Australia and
248:Cootamundra West
214:push–pull trains
210:tank locomotives
203:observation cars
144:flying junctions
95:three-point turn
46:rail terminology
3050:
3049:
3045:
3044:
3043:
3041:
3040:
3039:
3025:
3024:
3023:
3018:
3014:Cant deficiency
2999:Ruling gradient
2980:
2966:Horseshoe curve
2952:
2882:
2843:Double junction
2833:Flying junction
2819:
2776:
2767:Quadruple track
2738:
2732:
2702:
2697:
2657:
2575:
2551:Structure gauge
2506:Defect detector
2478:
2470:
2316:
2272:Clip and scotch
2262:Breather switch
2228:
2222:
2192:
2191:
2172:
2171:
2167:
2155:
2146:
2142:(OpenStreetMap)
2138:
2131:
2127:(OpenStreetMap)
2123:
2116:
2103:
2102:
2098:
2081:
2077:
2068:
2064:
2054:
2052:
2048:
2041:
2037:
2036:
2032:
2027:
2009:Flying junction
2004:Double junction
1984:
1977:
1974:
1919:
1911:Hammels station
1822:, formerly the
1788:
1761:
1754:
1753:
1746:
1745:
1736:
1717:
1710:
1709:
1702:
1701:
1694:
1685:
1684:
1677:
1676:
1669:
1660:
1659:
1652:
1651:
1634:
1627:
1620:
1619:
1612:
1611:
1602:
1601:
1594:
1593:
1584:
1583:
1576:
1575:
1566:
1565:
1558:
1557:
1550:
1543:
1534:
1533:
1526:
1525:
1516:
1501:
1492:
1485:
1484:
1477:
1476:
1469:
1460:
1459:
1452:
1451:
1444:
1435:
1434:
1427:
1426:
1419:
1412:
1405:
1398:
1389:
1388:
1381:
1380:
1371:
1352:
1345:
1338:
1331:
1316:
1286:
1279:
1272:
1253:
1246:
1245:
1238:
1237:
1228:
1227:
1220:
1219:
1210:
1209:
1202:
1201:
1184:
1161:
1154:
1153:
1146:
1145:
1136:
1135:
1128:
1127:
1110:
1103:
1096:
1095:
1094:
1085:
1084:
1083:
1066:
1039:
1032:
1031:
1024:
1023:
1016:
995:
986:
985:
981:
901:
888:dynamometer car
874:
834:
821:
776:
754:, Switzerland.
740:
713:
691:
688:
679:
676:
667:
664:
655:
652:
643:
640:
596:
583:
448:
349:
344:
333:
295:
271:
243:
226:
176:observation car
170:, or where the
152:
119:
114:
73:railroad switch
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3048:
3038:
3037:
3020:
3019:
3017:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2990:
2988:
2986:Track geometry
2982:
2981:
2979:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2962:
2960:
2954:
2953:
2951:
2950:
2948:Infill station
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2919:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2892:
2890:
2884:
2883:
2881:
2880:
2878:Level crossing
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2838:Level junction
2835:
2829:
2827:
2821:
2820:
2818:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2786:
2784:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2748:
2746:
2740:
2739:
2731:
2730:
2723:
2716:
2708:
2699:
2698:
2696:
2695:
2694:
2693:
2692:
2691:
2676:
2671:
2665:
2663:
2659:
2658:
2656:
2655:
2650:
2649:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2623:
2622:
2621:
2616:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2589:
2583:
2581:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2541:Railway signal
2538:
2533:
2528:
2526:Level crossing
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2482:
2480:
2472:
2471:
2469:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2451:Track geometry
2448:
2443:
2442:
2441:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2415:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2402:overhead lines
2394:
2389:
2388:
2387:
2377:
2376:
2375:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2353:Gauntlet track
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2324:
2322:
2318:
2317:
2315:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2297:Minimum radius
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2243:
2241:
2230:
2229:
2226:infrastructure
2221:
2220:
2213:
2206:
2198:
2190:
2189:
2165:
2144:
2129:
2114:
2096:
2075:
2062:
2029:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2021:
2016:
2014:Level junction
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1990:
1989:
1973:
1970:
1938:reversing star
1930:Convoluted wye
1918:
1917:Convoluted wye
1915:
1888:Chowchilla Wye
1879:and South Rim/
1833:system is the
1810:
1809:
1806:
1805:
1803:
1801:
1799:
1797:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1789:
1784:
1783:
1776:
1775:
1766:
1764:
1762:
1755:
1747:
1739:
1738:
1737:
1730:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1711:
1703:
1695:
1688:
1687:
1686:
1678:
1670:
1663:
1662:
1661:
1653:
1645:
1644:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1628:
1621:
1613:
1605:
1604:
1603:
1595:
1587:
1586:
1585:
1577:
1569:
1568:
1567:
1559:
1551:
1544:
1537:
1536:
1535:
1527:
1519:
1518:
1517:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1486:
1478:
1470:
1463:
1462:
1461:
1453:
1445:
1438:
1437:
1436:
1428:
1420:
1413:
1406:
1399:
1392:
1391:
1390:
1382:
1374:
1373:
1372:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1346:
1339:
1332:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1312:
1311:
1304:
1303:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1280:
1273:
1266:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1256:
1254:
1247:
1239:
1231:
1230:
1229:
1221:
1213:
1212:
1211:
1203:
1195:
1194:
1193:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1166:
1164:
1162:
1155:
1147:
1139:
1138:
1137:
1129:
1121:
1120:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1097:
1088:
1087:
1086:
1077:
1076:
1075:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1062:
1061:
1054:
1053:
1044:
1042:
1040:
1033:
1025:
1017:
1010:
1009:
1008:
1006:
1004:
997:
996:
991:
988:
987:
983:
982:
980:
979:
972:
965:
957:
900:
897:
872:grid reference
832:grid reference
819:grid reference
775:
774:United Kingdom
772:
748:Wengernalpbahn
739:
736:
712:
709:
693:
692:
689:
682:
680:
677:
670:
668:
665:
658:
656:
653:
646:
644:
641:
634:
632:
617:Malles Venosta
582:
579:
577:and Connolly.
498:Bangor station
494:Portadown line
447:
444:
428:
427:
401:
396:
387:Sydney Limited
348:
345:
343:
340:
331:grid reference
294:
291:
270:
267:
242:
239:
235:street-running
225:
222:
151:
148:
118:
115:
113:
112:Considerations
110:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3047:
3036:
3033:
3032:
3030:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2991:
2989:
2987:
2983:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2963:
2961:
2959:
2955:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2898:
2897:
2894:
2893:
2891:
2889:
2885:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2826:
2822:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2805:Refuge siding
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2783:
2779:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2749:
2747:
2745:
2744:Railway track
2741:
2737:track layouts
2736:
2729:
2724:
2722:
2717:
2715:
2710:
2709:
2706:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2685:
2682:
2681:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2660:
2654:
2651:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2628:
2627:
2624:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2611:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2587:Coaling tower
2585:
2584:
2582:
2578:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2556:Signal bridge
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2531:Loading gauge
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2477:
2473:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2440:
2439:refuge siding
2437:
2436:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2399:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2386:
2385:tramway track
2383:
2382:
2381:
2378:
2374:
2371:
2370:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2325:
2323:
2319:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2219:
2214:
2212:
2207:
2205:
2200:
2199:
2196:
2185:
2184:
2179:
2175:
2169:
2162:
2161:Istituto Luce
2158:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2141:
2136:
2134:
2126:
2121:
2119:
2110:
2106:
2100:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2079:
2072:
2066:
2047:
2040:
2034:
2030:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1987:
1986:Trains portal
1981:
1976:
1969:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1948:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1923:
1914:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1895:
1893:
1889:
1884:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1865:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1850:
1848:
1844:
1843:San Francisco
1840:
1836:
1832:
1827:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1804:
1802:
1800:
1798:
1796:
1794:
1792:
1791:
1782:
1778:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1770:
1763:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1719:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1633:Tunnel No. 32
1629:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1500:
1499:Spanish Creek
1494:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1354:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1310:
1306:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1288:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1255:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1163:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1109:Tunnel No. 31
1105:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1060:
1056:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1041:
1007:
1005:
1002:
999:
998:
994:
990:
989:
978:
973:
971:
966:
964:
959:
958:
956:
955:
952:
950:
946:
942:
938:
933:
929:
925:
921:
919:
915:
911:
906:
899:United States
896:
894:
889:
885:
884:
877:
873:
869:
864:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
837:
833:
829:
824:
820:
816:
815:National Grid
812:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
785:
780:
771:
769:
765:
761:
760:Lauterbrunnen
757:
753:
749:
745:
735:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
708:
706:
702:
698:
686:
681:
674:
669:
662:
657:
650:
645:
638:
633:
630:
629:
628:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
600:
595:
590:
588:
578:
576:
572:
571:George's Dock
568:
564:
560:
555:
553:
549:
545:
541:
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533:
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524:
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453:
443:
441:
437:
433:
425:
421:
417:
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409:
405:
404:North Geelong
402:
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388:
384:
380:
377:
376:
375:
373:
369:
364:
361:
353:
339:
336:
332:
328:
327:National Grid
324:
320:
316:
311:
308:
304:
300:
290:
284:
280:
275:
266:
264:
260:
255:
253:
249:
241:Disadvantages
238:
236:
230:
221:
219:
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211:
206:
204:
199:
196:
192:
187:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
156:
147:
145:
139:
137:
133:
130:in lieu of a
129:
128:refuge siding
125:
109:
107:
103:
101:
96:
92:
87:
85:
80:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
55:
51:
47:
38:
30:
26:
22:
2958:Hillclimbing
2928:Balloon loop
2862:
2800:Pocket track
2790:Balloon loop
2782:Rail sidings
2762:Double track
2757:Passing loop
2752:Single track
2571:Wayside horn
2521:Interlocking
2501:Catch points
2465:
2461:Water trough
2363:Passing loop
2343:Pocket track
2328:Balloon loop
2292:Ladder track
2183:DigitalGlobe
2181:
2178:the original
2168:
2140:Mals station
2108:
2099:
2083:
2078:
2070:
2065:
2053:. Retrieved
2046:the original
2033:
1994:Balloon loop
1967:
1964:
1937:
1934:turning star
1933:
1929:
1928:
1896:
1885:
1866:
1851:
1828:
1814:The town of
1813:
934:
930:
926:
922:
902:
881:
865:
817:location is
793:triangle in
788:
741:
714:
705:Brenner Pass
694:
591:
584:
556:
536:Bleach Green
525:
510:
483:
449:
429:
390:
386:
383:Cudgewa Line
365:
358:
312:
296:
287:
263:balloon loop
256:
244:
231:
227:
207:
200:
188:
161:
140:
132:passing loop
120:
117:At junctions
104:
91:balloon loop
88:
81:
76:
64:
60:
53:
49:
43:
32:A simple wye
25:
2994:Track gauge
2853:Grand union
2496:Buffer stop
2456:Water crane
2368:Track gauge
2307:Tie/Sleeper
2109:Google Maps
2055:23 December
1999:Control car
1835:Oakland Wye
764:Grindelwald
738:Switzerland
625:South Tyrol
621:Val Venosta
597: [
532:Greenisland
502:NI Railways
472:County Mayo
229:the route.
184:Circle Line
100:stub siding
77:turning wye
2669:Industrial
2653:Water stop
2614:for trains
2606:Roundhouse
2580:Structures
2566:Train stop
2516:Guard rail
2491:Block post
2479:and safety
2476:Signalling
2407:third rail
2380:Rail track
2373:dual gauge
2257:Baulk road
2025:References
1901:, serving
1182:SR 89
1178:SR 70
984:Keddie Wye
937:Keddie Wye
916:, and the
843:, near to
828:Shrewsbury
807:Shrewsbury
420:run-around
323:Derbyshire
269:Land usage
191:Turntables
69:rail lines
2825:Junctions
2810:Rail yard
2795:Headshunt
2772:Crossover
2619:for goods
2561:Tell-tale
2392:Rail yard
2358:Guide bar
2338:Headshunt
2321:Trackwork
2287:Fishplate
2277:Date nail
2238:(history)
1952:pentagram
857:turntable
575:The Point
528:Monkstown
460:Lavistown
416:Melbourne
372:turntable
347:Australia
329:location
283:Australia
166:and some
52:(like the
3029:Category
2888:Stations
2674:Military
2631:building
2601:Platform
2511:Derailer
2429:Roll way
2348:Junction
2247:Axe ties
2094:. p. 36.
1972:See also
1956:turnouts
1877:Williams
1847:East Bay
1180: /
1059:Oroville
949:trestles
876:SK914349
868:Grantham
861:Holyhead
849:Anglesey
836:SH294789
823:ST316887
811:Hereford
784:Grantham
732:Windhoek
654:Carbonia
642:Carbonia
609:Sardinia
605:Carbonia
567:Connolly
552:Adelaide
504:are all
464:Kilkenny
440:Victoria
436:Portland
434:line in
426:in 1937.
412:Ballarat
335:ST316887
134:) for a
124:signaled
65:triangle
2735:Railway
2684:station
2679:Private
2626:Station
2302:Profile
2252:Ballast
1942:Italian
1869:Arizona
1862:Florida
1858:Sanford
1781:Portola
886:with a
883:Mallard
803:Swansea
795:Newport
791:Maindee
750:in the
720:Namibia
711:Namibia
701:Brenner
623:in the
611:and at
563:Busáras
546:on the
515:on the
486:Belfast
462:, near
450:In the
446:Ireland
408:Geelong
395:trains.
379:Wodonga
301:on the
172:consist
71:with a
2976:Spiral
2906:Island
2446:Switch
2434:Siding
2234:Tracks
2090:
1871:, the
993:Legend
845:Valley
728:Angola
724:Tsumeb
399:Ararat
279:Sydney
252:Tecuci
2916:Split
2662:Types
2641:ghost
2636:clock
2610:Shed
2224:Rail
2049:(PDF)
2042:(PDF)
1787:
1767:
1315:
1292:
1065:
1045:
601:]
581:Italy
59:) or
57:glyph
3009:Cant
2911:Side
2689:list
2646:list
2267:Cant
2088:ISBN
2057:2011
1905:and
1886:The
1298:BNSF
935:The
809:via
762:and
730:and
699:and
690:Mals
678:Mals
666:Mals
613:Mals
569:and
559:Luas
557:The
542:and
470:and
389:and
338:.).
212:and
186:).
136:meet
54:'Y'
48:, a
2901:Bay
2863:Wye
2466:Wye
1936:or
1867:In
1856:in
1779:to
1307:to
1057:to
939:in
859:at
847:on
799:GWR
768:col
718:in
619:in
615:or
607:in
603:of
484:In
414:or
325:. (
182:'s
50:wye
3031::
2147:^
2132:^
2117:^
2107:.
1944::
1932:,
1860:,
920:.
826:.
707:.
627:.
599:it
565:,
442:.
438:,
410:,
281:,
102:.
2727:e
2720:t
2713:v
2594:/
2217:e
2210:t
2203:v
2187:.
2163:)
2159:(
2111:.
2059:.
1940:(
1913:.
1903:A
976:e
969:t
962:v
534:/
530:/
23:.
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