199:. He applied for his first position with the Habsburg Court in 1755 as a supernumary clerk in the Hungarian Court Chamber in Pozsony. Later he became a secretary (1757), a Councillor of the Court Chamber (1764), Director of Salt Mining (1765), Second Commissioner of the Constitutional Commission for the Region of Banat (1769), and finally Imperial-Royal Court Councillor (1787). During this time he also helped transfer the University of Nagyszombat to Buda Castle, and oversaw the building of the
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314:. Some sources claim he was destitute at the time of his retirement because the Emperor revoked his pension, though this conclusion is most likely a misunderstanding of his multiple pensions. In 1771, Maria Theresia honored von Kempelen with an annual pension of 1,000 ducats for his exemplary work, but after her death, her son
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He married twice, first in 1757 to Maria
Franziska Piani, who died suddenly in 1758 of an abdominal obstruction, and again in 1762 to Maria Anna von Gobelius, who had served as a lady's companion in the house of Count Johannes Erdödy, the vice-president of the Hungarian Court Chancery. Five children
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made drastic cuts to the benefits granted to the court's civil servants, and von
Kempelen's supplementary pension was revoked in 1781. Upon his retirement, von Kempelen was granted a pension equal to his final salary of 5,000 Gulden, and in 1802, he sought to recover the income from his smaller
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was placed. The machine appeared to be able to play a strong game of chess against a human opponent, but was in fact merely an elaborate simulation of mechanical automation: a human chess master concealed inside the cabinet puppeteered the Turk from below by means of a series of levers. With a
195:, Vienna and Rome, but mathematics and physics also interested him. Besides Pressburg's native tongues of German, Hungarian and Slovak, von Kempelen also spoke Latin, French, Italian, and later, some English and Romanian, which he learned during his travels in England and assignments in The
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skilled operator, the Turk won most of the games played during its demonstrations around Europe and the
Americas for nearly 84 years, playing and defeating many challengers including statesmen such as
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He constructed steam engines, water pumps, a pontoon bridge in
Pressburg (1770), patented a steam turbine for mills (1788/89) and a typewriter for Mozart's friend a blind Viennese pianist
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Mechanismus der menschlichen
Sprache. Wolfgangs von Kempelen k. k. wirklichen Hofraths Mechanismus der menschlichen Sprache, nebst der Beschreibung seiner sprechenden Maschine
366:: Kommentierte Transliteration & Ăśbertragung ins Englische / Commented Transliteration & Translation into English. Herausgegeben von / Edited by Fabian Brackhane,
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in 1769. The machine consisted of a life-sized model of a human head and torso, dressed in
Turkish robes and a turban, seated behind a large cabinet on top of which a
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were born from his second marriage, of whom two survived into adulthood: Maria
Theresia (1768–1812) and Karl (1771–1822).
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148:; 23 January 1734 – 26 March 1804) was a Hungarian author and inventor, known for his chess-playing "automaton" hoax
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The
Wolfgang von Kempelen Computing Science History Prize was named in his honor, as was a high school in Budapest.
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Though he had a long and successful career as a civil servant, von
Kempelen was most famous for his construction of
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in Vienna (1780). He was also a talented artist and etcher, wrote poems and epigrams, and composed a
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Flanagan, James L., "Speech
Analysis, Synthesis and Perception", Springer-Verlag, 1965, pp. 166–167.
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Wolfgang von Kempelen: Der Mechanismus der menschlichen Sprache. / The Mechanism of Human Speech.
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in Munich. In 1789, he published a book containing his nearly twenty years of speech research,
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Mechanismus Der Menschlichen Sprache Nebst Beschreibung Seiner Sprechenden Maschine
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Mechanismus der menschlichen Sprache Nnbst Beschreibung seiner sprechenden Maschine
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near Bratislava, but died in his apartment on the Alsergrund, a suburb of Vienna.
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Von Kempelen studied law and philosophy in Pressburg, and attended the Academy in
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439:. Orgán JazykovednĂ©ho Ăşstavu Ä˝udovĂta Ĺ tĂşra Slovenskej akadĂ©mie vied: 253–254.
407:(First English ed.). Columbia University Press, East European Monographs.
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The Turk: The Life and Times of the Famous 19th Century Chess-Playing Machine
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Wolfgang Franciscus de Paula Johannes Elemosinarius von Kempelen
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At the time of his death in 1804, he owned a country estate in
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He retired in 1798, after forty-three years of service to the
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Wolfgang von Kempelen's speaking machine and its successors
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Oregon Health & Science University Digital Collections
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Angéla Imre: On the personality of Wolfgang von Kempelen
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282:A reconstruction of Kempelen's speaking machine
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430:"Pred 200 rokmi zomrel Wolfgang von Kempelen"
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203:in Buda's former Carmelite monastery.
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370:& JĂĽrgen Trouvain; Dresden 2017 (
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924:Texas Instruments LPC Speech Chips
405:Wolfgang von Kempelen: A Biography
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1001:Speech Synthesis Markup Language
662:Festival Speech Synthesis System
548:Wolfgang von Kempelen on the Web
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763:Microsoft text-to-speech voices
514:von Kempelen, Wolfgang (1791).
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222:The secret interior of The Turk
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476:Tom Standage (1 April 2002).
428:OndrejoviÄŤ, SlavomĂr (2004).
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31:when mentioning individuals.
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164:Von Kempelen was born in
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743:Software Automatic Mouth
245:Maria Theresa of Austria
27:. This article uses
19:The native form of this
1176:Writers from Bratislava
1090:Concatenative synthesis
975:Microsoft Speech Server
844:NIAONiao Virtual Singer
302:, performed in Vienna.
100:, Habsburg Empire (now
1085:Articulatory synthesis
1039:Franklin Seaney Cooper
577:13 August 2007 at the
572:The Chess-playing Turk
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834:CeVIO Creative Studio
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676:Automatik Text Reader
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40:Wolfgang von Kempelen
1049:Haskins Laboratories
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565:6 March 2015 at the
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306:Retirement and death
178:Kempelen von Pázmánd
1161:Hungarian engineers
1156:Hungarian inventors
520:. Vienna: J.B.Degan
1151:Austrian inventors
1059:Ignatius Mattingly
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254:Napoleon Bonaparte
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71:Kingdom of Hungary
29:Western name order
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258:Benjamin Franklin
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522:. Retrieved
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1141:1734 births
1044:Gunnar Fant
1022:Researchers
1020:Developers/
960:Dr. Sbaitso
768:Readspeaker
647:Gnopernicus
524:30 December
347:Digitalisat
172:within the
110:Nationality
1135:Categories
985:Voice font
950:AOLbyPhone
849:PPG Phonem
839:Chipspeech
778:CoolSpeech
484:. Walker.
379:References
321:Francis II
292:Schönbrunn
249:chessboard
227:Inventions
118:Occupation
67:Bratislava
994:Protocols
980:PlainTalk
824:Alter/Ego
803:LaLaVoice
798:Voiceroid
692:eCantorix
652:Gnuspeech
458:Ricky Jay
445:0037-6981
316:Joseph II
296:singspiel
241:automaton
239:-playing
166:Pressburg
142:Hungarian
113:Hungarian
1011:VoiceXML
955:DialogOS
874:Vocaloid
869:Vocalina
854:Realivox
788:CereProc
748:Talk It!
726:Speaking
718:software
642:eSpeakNG
631:Speaking
575:Archived
563:Archived
551:Archived
350:Archived
233:The Turk
186:Budapest
150:The Turk
130:The Turk
121:Inventor
79:Slovakia
1166:Hoaxers
1078:Process
899:Echo II
892:Machine
879:Xiaoice
817:Singing
738:DECtalk
685:Singing
671:FreeTTS
182:Pázmánd
102:Austria
1095:Currah
1069:Yamaha
965:MBROLA
914:Phasor
829:Cantor
638:eSpeak
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98:Vienna
1105:PSOLA
1006:SABLE
934:TuVox
808:15.ai
783:IVONA
702:Sinsy
666:Flite
433:(PDF)
328:Gomba
237:chess
197:Banat
77:(now
919:RIAS
864:UTAU
657:Orca
526:2014
486:ISBN
441:ISSN
409:ISBN
356:bei
256:and
235:, a
193:Győr
87:Died
55:Born
69:),
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
