300:, usually described as one of Gloucester's squires. Gloucester remembered Parr's younger brother, and others who fell in battle at his side, in a chantry created at Queen's College, Cambridge, July 1477, Of some interest is Horrox's comment that Parr may well have died not alongside Richard, but fighting against him and King Edward at Barnet, nonetheless, Parr was added to the list of men who died at Richard's side as if he were loyal to both himself and King Edward If true, then King Edward's efforts to put past battles behind them in this case was something Gloucester was also willing to extend to the younger Parr. For William, aligning himself with the always reliably stalwart Yorkist, James Harrington, once Edward and Gloucester returned from exile, meant that he was rewarded with the
162:, Lancashire. Sir William's great-grandfather, Sir William de Parre (died 1405) married in 1383 Elizabeth de Ros, daughter of Sir John de Ros of Kendal and Katherine de Latimer, a daughter of Thomas, 1st Baron Latimer of Brayebrooke. Elizabeth was the granddaughter and heiress of Sir Thomas de Ros, Baron of Kendal and had livery of her inheritance. Their marriage alliance with the Ros (or Roos) family enhanced the Parr family standing. On the accession of the Duke of Lancaster as Henry IV of England, Sir William senior stood so high in the estimation of the new monarch that he was deputed with the bishop of St. Asaph to announce the revolution to the court of Spain. Through his marriage William acquired, by right of his wife, a fourth part of the manor of Kirby in Kendal,
46:
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overwhelmed, turning it into a rout. Both Lord
Herbert and his brother, Sir Richard Herbert of Coldbrook, were captured and executed under Warwick's orders (not ransomed or held as hostages). Within weeks the 'Redesdale' rebels would find and execute King Edward's father-in-law, Lord Rivers and his young son, and soon after, Devon himself. Edward had to disband his own denuded troops as he soon found himself prisoner to his cousin Warwick and spent the summer being toted about the country until he had to be released. The rebellion by Warwick did not end, and Edward went into exile, October 1470, having lost his throne to his cousin—Parr did not go with the now dethroned king and his other supporters.
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called
Buckingham's Rebellion, involving long self-exiled Lancastrians, a few newly embittered household men who felt inadequately remunerated by the new king, and the forgotten exile, Henry of Richmond. If there was any bad blood between Parr and the new king then it stemmed from Edgcote/Banbury, the battle that cost King Edward arguably his most capable, resolute and fearless commander, William Herbert, and at the point where his abilities were just being fully realized. Had Parr, and others, never entertained Warwick's outright treason, Warwick and Clarence would have been 'resolved', there would have been no exile, no destruction of Clarence and very likely no Richard III.
364:. When Richard was offered the throne by the Three Estates to become King, in lieu of the now recognized as illegitimate children of the late king, Parr may have been among some at court who did not agree, but having played both sides of the political fence for years, even taking up arms in open rebellion against the late king, Parr kept whatever reservations he had to himself. Much as the Stanleys would do, the era's premier fence sitters. The discovery of the plot by
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like Parr, both
Guildfords, the Auchers, Brune and Robert Neville, would be pardoned by Edward in 1471, once he regained the throne; as for Gates, after 1477 he simply disappeared. This conciliatory manner by Edward to his openly treasonous enemies, men within his own inner circle, was not unusual for the king.
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on 13 June 1483 was the tipping point for the
Protector, and Parr. as it led to Hastings' immediate execution at the Tower. Hastings had been a close friend and adviser to both the duke of Gloucester and the late king. Hastings had also been brother-in-law to Parr's mother-in-law. When Richard became
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After refusing to be part of the coronation of King
Richard III and his queen consort on 6 July 1483, Lord Parr returned north where he died shortly after, on 26 February, 1484. Whatever Parr's misgivings were he was not part of the poorly conceived rebellion that came about in October, 1483, often
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Parr's companion, Gates, continued on with the rebellion through the fall of 1470, along with other men close to King Edward at his court, such as John
Guildford and his son Richard, in something called the forgotten' Kentish rebellion which came on the heels of the one Parr was involved with. And,
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late July 1469, there had been several minor skirmishes. One result appears to be that the royalist forces became divided between
Pembroke and Devon (Humphrey Stafford) and once the rebel host did arrive, with William Parr, Geoffrey Gates and John Clapham in command, then Herbert's troops were
1518:
See Graham Evans, The Battle of
Edgcote, 1469, Re-evaluating the evidence, 2019, pub. by the Northamptonshire Battlefields Society for the most accurate details of the battle; and D.H. Thomas, The Herberts of Raglan and the Battle of Edgecote 1469, Freezywater Publications, 1994, the most
239:
He died in 1464. Sir Thomas left three sons (including
William, the subject of this article) and six daughters. Of his other two sons, his second son, Sir John Parr, also a Yorkist, was rewarded by being made sheriff of Westmorland for life in 1462; he married a daughter of Sir
385:
Sir
William married, first, Joan Trusbut (died 1473), widow of Thomas Colt of Roydon, Essex; her issue by Parr, if any, did not survive. After Joan's death, William was appointed the wardship of her son John Colt, Esq. His daughter, Jane, would become the first wife of Sir
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castles. He did not, however, receive the lordship of Kendal itself, and it would be Parr's son who would be the first of the family raised to the peerage, in 1538. Sir William Parr swore, along with everyone else in Edward's family and court, to recognize
448:, was knighted and was sheriff of Northamptonshire in 1509; he was master of the wards and comptroller to Henry VIII. He was rich, owing to his succeeding, in 1512, to half the estates of his cousin, Lord FitzHugh, and also to his marriage with
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King, William Parr chose not attend the coronation despite being given a position in the coronation as canopy bearer. Lady Parr and her mother, however, were present as two of the seven noble ladies appointed to serve the new Queen consort,
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to arrange about the breaches of the truce probably in 1479. He was exempted from the act of apparel in 1482, was chief commissioner for exercising the office of constable of England in 1483, and took part in the funeral of Edward IV.
232:(i.e. deputy to the hereditary sheriff, Baron Clifford) for Westmorland from 1428 to 1437 and MP six times. He was assaulted in going to Parliament in 1446, the case being discussed in Parliament. He took an active part in the
1649:
for an interesting illustration of the relationship between Gloucester and Hastings, see Michael K. Jones, "1477- the Expedition that Never Was: Chivalric Expectation in Late Yorkist England", Ricardian, vol.12, no. 153, June
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on the Yorkist side and was subsequently attainted in 1459 with the other leading Yorkists. The attainder was reversed in 1461, before his estates had been confiscated.
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William was exempted from the Resumption Act of 1464. He was on the side of the rebellion (Robin of Redesdale) instigated by Richard Neville, earl of Warwick and King
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268:. Before all the rebel forces clashed with Edward's royalist forces under William, 1st earl of Pembroke and some 4,000 of his troops (mainly Welsh) at the
248:, and must have lived until after 1473, as in that year he was one of those exempted from the resumption act. His third son, Thomas, was killed at the
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182:. It was known as 'The Marquis Fee.' This branch of the family originally resided at Kendal until the Castle fell into disrepair during his son,
499:, Northamptonshire. He died on 10 September 1547, and was buried at Horton. By Mary, daughter of Sir William Salisbury, he left four daughters.
464:, London in an elaborate tomb which has since been destroyed. His widow died on 1 December 1531, and was buried beside him. Of their children,
304:, which he held until 1475. He also received a major grant of estates, including the third part of the crown's share of the Kendal barony, and
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Charles Ross, "Some 'Servants and Lovers' of Richard in his youth", Ricardian, vol., no.55, Dec. 1976, available online at the Society website
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A third son of Sir William Parr, named John, married Constance, daughter of Sir Henry Vere of Addington, Surrey. They had no issue.
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comprehensive biography of the family and the earl, William Herbert, the first full Welshman to be made peer by an English king
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After the death of Edward IV, Parr followed the direction of King's Council, Lord Hastings, and probably his mother-in-law,
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Malcolm Mercer, "A Forgotten Kentish Rebellion, Sept-October 1470" in Archaelogia Cantiana, 122, pp. 143-152
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A Genealogical History of the Dormant: Abeyant, Forfeited, and Extinct Peerages of the British Empire,
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423:(d. 11 November 1517), Lord of the manor of Kendal and Master of the wards and comptroller to King
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142:(1434–1483) was an English courtier and soldier. He was the eldest son of Sir
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in 1471. His daughters all married members of prominent northern families.
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Anne Parr (c. 1476 – 4 November 1513), who married Sir Thomas Cheney of
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Louise Gill, Richard III and Buckingham's Rebellion, Alan Sutton, 1999
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in Northamptonshire. He died on 11 November 1517, and was buried in
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William Parr's paternal grandparents were Sir John Parr of Kendal (
72:
1711:
Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial And Medieval Families,
1670:
Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study in Colonial And Medieval Families,
1507:
Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families,
1477:
Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families,
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When Edward IV returned from exile in 1471 Parr, along with Sir
296:, where his younger brother was killed fighting alongside the
217:. By his maternal grandfather, Parr was a cousin to Bishop
209:. Parr's maternal grandparents were Sir Thomas Tunstall of
32:
1611:, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2008.
1573:, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2008
1569:Rosemary Horrox, 'Parr, Sir William (1434–1483)',
405:. By her, Parr had two daughters and three sons:
397:, daughter of Henry, 5th Baron FitzHugh and Lady
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348:, and accepted the rule of the Lord Protector,
1760:. Vol. 43. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
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193:1383 – 1409) and Agnes Crophull, widow of Sir
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1607:Horrox, R., 'Parr, Sir William (1434–1483)’,
1731:, Genealogical Publishing Com, 2005. pg 643.
228:Sir Thomas Parr, the courtier's father, was
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352:, during the minority of the new boy King
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1625:The Complete Peerage of England and Wales
1063:6. Sir Thomas Tunstall of Thurland Castle
172:William Parr, 1st Marquess of Northampton
19:For other people with the same name, see
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16:Member of the Parliament of England
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21:William Parr (disambiguation)
1509:2nd edition, 2011. pg 206-7.
336:in 1474. He was sent to the
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67:1483 (aged 48–49)
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120:Thomas Parr of Kendal
1729:Magna Carta ancestry
1727:Douglas Richardson.
1709:Douglas Richardson.
1668:Douglas Richardson.
1575:accessed 23 Jan 2014
1505:Douglas Richardson.
1453:Katherine, the Queen
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264:'s younger brother,
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338:Kingdom of Scotland
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466:Catherine Parr
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1780:1480s deaths
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1554:Charles Ross
1549:
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1449:Linda Porter
948:
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443:
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360:and aunt to
343:
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73:Noble family
38:William Parr
25:
1810:Parr family
1775:1434 births
1746:Lee, Sidney
468:, queen of
388:Thomas More
326:Westmorland
286:men-at-arms
180:Elizabeth I
144:Thomas Parr
1769:Categories
1421:References
480:, married
470:Henry VIII
450:Maud Green
425:Henry VIII
393:Secondly,
288:to him at
242:John Yonge
186:'s, life.
148:Lancashire
1558:Edward IV
310:Pendragon
290:Doncaster
262:Edward IV
99:Anne Parr
84:Spouse(s)
1685:, i. 370
1594:Horrox,
506:Ancestry
354:Edward V
489:William
314:Appleby
1598:, p.38
1459:
472:, and
294:Barnet
184:Thomas
154:Family
126:Mother
115:Father
358:Yorks
306:Burgh
176:widow
96:Issue
1650:2001
1488:Sir
1457:ISBN
478:Anne
430:Sir
371:Anne
312:and
256:Life
160:Parr
118:Sir
78:Parr
64:Died
59:1434
56:Born
947:1.
724:2.
373:.
33:Sir
1771::
1754:.
1718:^
1690:^
1623:,
1556:,
1540:,
1492:.
1475:.
1451:.
1429:^
484:.
413:,
390:.
308:,
244:,
225:.
201:,
191:c.
150:.
140:KG
138:,
1463:.
427:.
417:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
