446:
29:
2445:
2457:
114:
246:. Snow also examined mortality statistics compiled by the GRO for people supplied with water from two companies in South London – the Southwark & Vauxhall Company (which drew contaminated water from low in the Thames basin) and the Lambeth Water Company (which drew cleaner water from further up the Thames) – and found Southwark & Vauxhall customers were especially likely to suffer. Farr took part in the
283:
936:(Farr, 1840), p. 98. "Table (q) exhibits the progress of four more epidemic diseases in the metropolis, – measles, typhus, hooping-cough, and scarlatina, – which have not yet been effectively controlled by medical science. They exhibit the same regularity, but the laws which govern their course will be more conveniently discussed when the abstract of the observations has been extended over another year."
876:
applicable to the whole population, or to any portion of the population, several epidemics should be investigated. It appears probable, however, that the small-pox increases at an accelerated and then a retarded rate; that it declines first at a slightly accelerated, and at a rapidly accelerated, and lastly at a retarded rate, until the disease attains the minimum intensity, and remains stationary."
231:. In addition, through his analysis of several variables and their association with death from cholera, Farr held the belief that elevation was the major contributor to the occurrence of the disease. He also presented how topographical features are able to prevent certain diseases similarly to immunization.
261:
There was a further epidemic in 1866, by which time Snow had died, and Farr had accepted Snow's explanation. He produced a monograph which showed that mortality was extremely high for people who drew their water from the Old Ford
Reservoir in East London. Farr's work was then considered conclusive.
875:
On p. 97, Farr stated that during a recent smallpox epidemic, the number of deaths versus time followed a roughly normal curve: "The rates vary with the density of the population, the numbers susceptible of attack, the mortality, and the accidental circumstances; so that to obtain the mean rates
203:"If the latent cause of epidemics cannot be discovered, the mode in which it operates may be investigated. The laws of its action may be determined by observation, as well as the circumstances in which epidemics arise, or by which they may be controlled."
152:
Farr was responsible for the collection of official medical statistics in
England and Wales. His most important contribution was to set up a system for routinely recording the causes of death. For example, for the first time it allowed the
926:
From p. 250: "He specially considered the decline of the epidemic, and fitted the figures to a curve calculated by a method described. Though he gives no equation of the form of the curve, it is quite obviously the normal curve of
946:
Bingham, P.; Verlander, N. Q.; Cheal, M. J. (1 September 2004). "John Snow, William Farr and the 1849 outbreak of cholera that affected London: a reworking of the data highlights the importance of the water supply".
294:
Superannuation Fund, an early pension provision for that organisation. He also served as a commissioner in the 1871 census, retiring from the
General Register Office in 1879 after he was not given the post of
270:
In 1858, he performed a study on the correlation of health and marriage condition, and found that health decreases from the married to the unmarried to the widowed. In the period 1857–9 the Office ordered a
441:
in 1837. He married Mary
Elizabeth Whittal in 1842, and they had eight children. In 1880 a public testimonial was collected to provide for his daughters after he lost money through unwise investments.
347:
318:
had changed the face of the medical issues, and statistics became an increasingly mathematic tool. Medical reformers, too, changed approach, expecting less from legislation and central government.
1690:
242:
used data supplied by the GRO and applied the (now accepted) mechanism for transmission he had proposed in 1849: people were infected by swallowing something, and it multiplied in the
1717:
1274:"Home Office: Registered Papers, c1841-1855, 1856-1871 - POLICE (METROPOLITAN): Superannuation Fund: Dr Farr's report; he received £300 from police fund (HO 45/7374)"
493:. Twenty-three names of public health and tropical medicine pioneers were chosen to appear on the School building in Keppel Street when it was constructed in 1926.
174:
141:, Farr secured another post in the GRO as the first compiler of scientific abstracts (i.e. a statistician). Chadwick and Farr had an agenda, demography aimed at
2538:
2543:
362:
Farr exploited his GRO post compiling abstracts in a way that went beyond the original job description. In so doing he applied the techniques of the
English
2533:
2449:
685:
544:
2461:
1805:
1787:
1757:
1726:
227:
was heavily polluted with untreated sewage. Farr subscribed to the conventional theory that cholera was carried by polluted air rather than water – the
1996:
1781:
1769:
1745:
1710:
223:
in London in 1849 which killed around 15,000 people. Early industrialisation had made London the most populous city in the world at the time, and the
258:
was not accepted, though his evidence was taken seriously. Farr's research was detailed and showed an inverse correlation of mortality and elevation.
1949:
490:
450:
1775:
1593:
1131:
Aschengrau, A. & Seage, G. R. (2008). Essentials of epidemiology in public health. Pg:15-21 Sudbury, Mass.: Jones And
Bartlett Publishers.
2548:
2513:
2377:
1703:
122:
416:
2498:
1841:
1305:
1022:
2072:
1955:
887:
1877:
2138:
1799:
78:. Pryce died in November 1828, and left Farr £500 (equivalent to £54,100 in 2023), which allowed him to study medicine in
2528:
2150:
1501:
1467:
1433:
1399:
1365:
1331:
1250:
1216:
1169:
1006:
829:
795:
761:
727:
660:
626:
592:
421:
1624:
1907:
207:
He showed that during the smallpox epidemic, a plot of the number of deaths per quarter followed a roughly bell-shaped or "
2493:
2048:
1990:
1817:
1811:
1793:
1763:
235:
169:, in which he played an active part as treasurer, vice-president and president over the years. In 1855 he was elected
2228:
1829:
177:
from its foundation in 1857, taking part in its
Quarantine Committee and Committee on Trades' Societies and Strikes.
862:
2518:
2168:
1883:
62:, to poor parents. He was effectively adopted by a local squire, Joseph Pryce, when Farr and his family moved to
2508:
2060:
2026:
1984:
1961:
1931:
1925:
2503:
2102:
2090:
2002:
1871:
1823:
404:
he classed epidemic, endemic and contagious diseases as "zymotic", seen as diseases of filth and overcrowding.
87:
2294:
2204:
2084:
445:
20:
2264:
2342:
304:
170:
1208:
Glory and
Failure: The Difference Engines of Johann Müller, Charles Babbage and Georg and Edvard Scheutz
2371:
2144:
2008:
126:
2523:
2389:
1730:
166:
94:
1601:
2288:
2282:
2020:
228:
234:
During the 1853-54 epidemic, Farr gathered more statistical evidence. During focused study of the
2383:
1889:
1847:
1530:
990:
251:
247:
98:
1192:
2348:
2114:
1978:
1273:
352:
250:'s 1854 Committee for Scientific Enquiries. The conventional explanation for cholera was still
71:
63:
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1457:
1423:
1389:
1355:
1321:
1240:
1206:
1159:
1049:
819:
785:
751:
717:
2246:
1943:
1913:
1491:
1299:
1277:
650:
616:
338:
290:
In 1862 Farr was paid £300 (equivalent to £35,400 in 2023) for producing a report on the
239:
67:
652:
Health, Civilization, and the State: A History of Public Health from
Ancient to Modern Times
381:
to cut back the required computation. From the GRO data he constructed a series of national
2488:
2483:
2156:
2032:
2014:
1937:
478:
458:
1685:
1357:
Leading
Personalities in Statistical Sciences: From the Seventeenth Century to the Present
753:
Leading Personalities in Statistical Sciences: From the Seventeenth Century to the Present
8:
2424:
2132:
1835:
584:
407:
A selection of his statistical writings was published in 1885, edited by Noël Humphreys.
374:
291:
208:
146:
867:
Second Annual Report of the Registrar General of Births, Deaths and Marriages in England
299:, the position going to Sir Brydges Henniker. The same year, Farr received as honours a
2198:
2108:
1570:
1543:
1088:
912:
397:
130:
59:
47:
2395:
2336:
2126:
2042:
1919:
1636:
1575:
1497:
1463:
1429:
1395:
1361:
1327:
1246:
1242:
From Gutenberg to the Internet: A Sourcebook on the History of Information Technology
1212:
1165:
1080:
1072:
1002:
972:
964:
917:
825:
791:
757:
723:
656:
622:
588:
366:
300:
296:
272:
39:
2354:
2240:
2210:
1901:
1853:
1565:
1555:
1092:
1064:
956:
907:
899:
690:
549:
195:. In that letter, he applied mathematics to the records of deaths during a recent
1122:
Snow, John. 1849. On the Mode of Communication of Cholera. London: John Churchill.
702:
561:
437:
Farr's first wife, whom he married in 1833, had the surname Langford; she died of
2270:
2192:
2096:
2078:
998:
577:
389:
276:
193:
Annual Report of the Registrar General of Births, Deaths and Marriages in England
2412:
2330:
2324:
2234:
2216:
2038:
960:
373:), and the closely allied statistical "law of mortality" of his fellow actuary
370:
326:
211:", and that recent epidemics of other diseases had followed a similar pattern.
186:
154:
134:
102:
43:
553:
377:. Farr, by relying on the existing mathematical model of mortality, could use
2477:
2430:
2406:
2300:
2252:
2180:
2162:
1895:
1751:
1667:
1544:"Dr William Farr of Shropshire (1807–1883): obstetric mortality and training"
1294:
1076:
968:
694:
470:
426:
378:
308:
142:
1635:. Chicago, USA: The Field Museum, Department of Botany: 1–58. Archived from
1050:"The changing assessments of John Snow's and William Farr's cholera studies"
618:
Public Health and the Risk Factor: A History of an Uneven Medical Revolution
28:
2418:
2318:
2312:
2258:
2174:
2054:
1579:
1084:
976:
921:
903:
466:
462:
438:
356:
348:
British Annals of Medicine, Pharmacy, Vital Statistics, and General Science
315:
224:
129:. Farr was hired there, initially on a temporary basis to handle data from
149:. Lister worked with Farr on the census design, to forward the programme.
2306:
2222:
2186:
2120:
1865:
477:
works of art. The Pagets as well as the Farr sisters lived and worked in
382:
138:
83:
1560:
1523:
1309:. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 187.
1142:
1107:
2276:
1654:
1068:
511:
322:
75:
2066:
498:
393:
243:
1298:
715:
105:, London. He became involved in medical journalism and statistics.
101:
in March 1832. He married in 1833 and started a medical practice in
821:
The State and Social Investigation in Britain and the United States
474:
401:
255:
196:
66:. In 1826 he took a job as a dresser (surgeon's assistant) in the
363:
220:
113:
1659:
Victorian Social Medicine: The Ideas and Methods of William Farr
457:
One daughter, Henrietta, was married to painter and illustrator
419:", an episode in the 2003 British television documentary series
1725:
282:
79:
817:
716:
Raymond Flood; Adrian Rice; Robin Wilson (29 September 2011).
93:
Farr returned to England in 1831 and continued his studies at
507:
503:
325:, London, and was buried in the churchyard at Holy Trinity,
1548:
Archives of Disease in Childhood: Fetal and Neonatal Edition
1353:
749:
351:, discontinued in August of that year. He revised a book of
473:, was also a painter and artist and a model of many famous
314:
In his last years, Farr's approach had become obsolescent.
1686:
William Farr: campaigning statistician by Stephen Halliday
1425:
Some British Empiricists in the Social Sciences, 1650-1900
1666:
Dupaquier, Michel (2001). "William Farr". In C. C. Hyde;
279:. The intended application was the "British Life Table".
1622:
337:
In 1837 Farr wrote the chapter "Vital Statistics" for
945:
160:
1455:
1354:
Norman L. Johnson; Samuel Kotz (26 September 2011).
750:
Norman L. Johnson; Samuel Kotz (26 September 2011).
614:
1023:"1852 – William Farr's Elevation and Cholera paper"
145:, and the support of the initial Registrar General
1493:Sir Arthur Newsholme and State Medicine, 1885-1935
1323:Science, Reform, and Politics in Victorian Britain
888:"Historical note on Farr's theory of the epidemic"
787:Science, Reform, and Politics in Victorian Britain
576:
818:Michael J. Lacey; Mary O. Furner (25 June 1993).
42:(30 November 1807 – 14 April 1883) was a British
2475:
1319:
1238:
1204:
783:
491:London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
1391:A History of Epidemiologic Methods and Concepts
1387:
1161:A History of Epidemiologic Methods and Concepts
1157:
1144:On the Mode of Communication of Cholera. 2nd ed
1109:On the Mode of Communication of Cholera. 2nd ed
254:; Snow's view of cholera as solely caused by a
648:
2539:Civil servants in the General Register Office
1711:
1489:
1421:
481:, the famous artist's colony in West London.
2544:Members of HM Government Statistical Service
1661:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
689:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
548:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
514:phylum, was named in William Farr's honour.
2534:Presidents of the Royal Statistical Society
1428:. Cambridge University Press. p. 263.
1326:. Cambridge University Press. p. 200.
824:. Cambridge University Press. p. 107.
790:. Cambridge University Press. p. 174.
574:
275:, a model designed by Swedish followers of
2456:
1718:
1704:
1623:Lumbsch TH, Huhndorf SM. (December 2007).
1496:. Cambridge University Press. p. 34.
1147:. London: John Churchill. pp. 86, 89.
489:Farr's name features on the Frieze of the
108:
74:and served a nominal apprenticeship to an
1665:
1569:
1559:
1459:The Degeneracy Crisis and Victorian Youth
1415:
1289:
1287:
911:
449:William Farr's name on the Frieze of the
392:was Farr's contribution to the debate on
343:Statistical Account of the British Empire
157:of different occupations to be compared.
125:(GRO) took on the responsibility for the
19:For other people named William Farr, see
1293:
885:
722:. Oxford University Press. p. 269.
444:
281:
191:In 1840, Farr submitted a letter to the
112:
27:
1674:. New York: Springer. pp. 163–166.
989:
686:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
545:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
2476:
1360:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 284.
1284:
863:"Causes of death in England and Wales"
756:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 286.
583:. Cambridge University Press. p.
537:
535:
533:
531:
529:
527:
214:
1699:
1691:Royal Society certificate of election
1653:
1525:Seven Wonders of the Industrial World
1112:. London: John Churchill. p. 39.
1047:
422:Seven Wonders of the Industrial World
400:as public health issues. In terms of
345:. In January 1837 he established the
46:, regarded as one of the founders of
2549:Health professionals from Shropshire
2514:19th-century English medical doctors
1625:"Outline of Ascomycota – 2007"
1541:
1140:
1105:
860:
621:. Boydell & Brewer. p. 29.
461:, the older brother of illustrators
97:, qualifying as a licentiate of the
2499:Alumni of University College London
1239:Jeremy M. Norman (1 January 2005).
892:The British Medical Journal, Part 2
524:
180:
133:. Then, with a recommendation from
13:
1388:Alfredo Morabia (1 January 2004).
1245:. Norman Publishing. p. 134.
1191:Tara Parker-Pope (14 April 2010).
1158:Alfredo Morabia (1 January 2004).
682:
236:1854 Broad Street cholera outbreak
161:Learned societies and associations
16:British epidemiologist (1807–1883)
14:
2560:
1679:
1193:Is Marriage Good for Your Health?
541:
396:. He identified urbanisation and
321:Farr died aged 75 at his home in
2455:
2444:
2443:
1490:John M. Eyler (15 August 2002).
719:Mathematics in Victorian Britain
542:Eyler, John M. "Farr, William".
1616:
1586:
1535:
1517:
1483:
1449:
1381:
1347:
1313:
1266:
1232:
1198:
1185:
1151:
1134:
1125:
1116:
1099:
1041:
1015:
983:
939:
930:
879:
854:
845:
1672:Statisticians of the Centuries
1647:
1462:. SUNY Press. pp. 217–8.
811:
777:
743:
709:
683:Luckin, Bill. "Arnott, Neil".
676:
642:
608:
575:Ian Hacking (31 August 1990).
568:
484:
219:There was a major outbreak of
88:Pierre Charles Alexandre Louis
1:
2398:(resigned Feb 2010; replaced
1782:The Lord Monteagle of Brandon
1456:Thomas Edward Jordan (1993).
615:William G. Rothstein (2003).
517:
307:for his work in the field of
265:
53:
21:William Farr (disambiguation)
2529:Fellows of the Royal Society
1164:. Springer. pp. 133–4.
1057:Sozial- und Präventivmedizin
703:UK public library membership
562:UK public library membership
7:
1542:Dunn, P. M. (1 July 2002).
410:
305:British Medical Association
171:Fellow of the Royal Society
10:
2565:
2494:Scientists from Shropshire
2009:Jervoise Athelstane Baines
1211:. MIT Press. p. 289.
961:10.1016/j.puhe.2004.05.007
303:and the Gold Medal of the
199:epidemic, proposing that:
184:
175:Social Science Association
127:United Kingdom Census 1841
18:
2439:
2363:
1970:
1770:The Marquess of Lansdowne
1746:The Marquess of Lansdowne
1737:
1731:Royal Statistical Society
1394:. Springer. p. 155.
1320:Lawrence Goldman (2002).
1205:Michael Lindgren (1990).
784:Lawrence Goldman (2002).
655:. Routledge. p. 70.
432:
301:Companionship of the Bath
173:. He was involved in the
165:In 1839, Farr joined the
95:University College London
58:William Farr was born in
2021:Francis Ysidro Edgeworth
332:
286:William Farr, about 1870
117:William Farr, about 1850
2519:British epidemiologists
1848:William Ewart Gladstone
1531:Internet Movie Database
1527:'The Sewer King' (2003)
1306:Encyclopædia Britannica
886:Brownlee, John (1915).
649:Dorothy Porter (1999).
248:General Board of Health
123:General Register Office
109:General Register Office
99:Society of Apothecaries
2509:English civil servants
2349:Robert Nicholas Curnow
2115:Henry William Macrosty
2073:The Viscount D'Abernon
1985:Sir Francis Powell, Bt
1979:Patrick George Craigie
1830:Sir John Pakington, Bt
1422:Richard Stone (1997).
1027:Brian Altonen, MPH, MS
904:10.1136/bmj.2.2850.250
861:Farr, William (1840).
454:
353:James Fernandez Clarke
287:
205:
118:
33:
2504:English statisticians
2247:George Alfred Barnard
2151:Sir Geoffrey Heyworth
2003:Sir Charles Dilke, Bt
1944:Alfred Edmund Bateman
1914:Thomas Graham Balfour
1752:Sir Charles Lemon, Bt
1300:"Farr, William"
1278:The National Archives
1048:Eyler, J. M. (2001).
554:10.1093/ref:odnb/9185
448:
425:, Farr was played by
339:John Ramsey McCulloch
285:
201:
116:
31:
2157:Austin Bradford Hill
2033:Lord George Hamilton
2015:Lord George Hamilton
1938:John Biddulph Martin
1812:The Earl of Harrowby
1806:The Earl FitzWilliam
1794:The Earl of Harrowby
1788:The Earl FitzWilliam
1758:The Earl FitzWilliam
851:(Farr, 1840), p. 95.
695:10.1093/ref:odnb/694
579:The Taming of Chance
469:. Another daughter,
459:Henry Marriott Paget
86:. In Paris he heard
2425:David Spiegelhalter
2133:Ernest Charles Snow
1878:George Shaw-Lefevre
1836:William Henry Sykes
1604:on 22 February 2017
1594:"Behind the Frieze"
1561:10.1136/fn.87.1.F67
1141:Snow, John (1855).
1106:Snow, John (1855).
375:Thomas Rowe Edmonds
292:Metropolitan Police
215:Research on cholera
167:Statistical Society
147:Thomas Henry Lister
2199:Joseph Oscar Irwin
2109:Arthur Lyon Bowley
1991:The Earl of Onslow
1800:The Lord Overstone
1069:10.1007/bf01593177
1001:. pp. 80–81.
455:
398:population density
288:
131:vital registration
119:
60:Kenley, Shropshire
48:medical statistics
34:
2471:
2470:
2396:Bernard Silverman
2337:D. J. Bartholomew
2205:Sir Paul Chambers
2127:William Beveridge
2043:Registrar General
1920:Frederic J. Mouat
1842:The Lord Houghton
1824:Lord John Russell
1639:on 18 March 2009.
1503:978-0-521-52458-2
1469:978-1-4384-0804-0
1435:978-0-521-57145-6
1401:978-3-7643-6818-0
1367:978-1-118-15072-6
1333:978-1-139-43301-3
1252:978-0-930405-87-8
1218:978-0-262-12146-0
1171:978-3-7643-6818-0
1029:. 7 December 2012
1008:978-0-525-53885-1
898:(2850): 250–252.
831:978-0-521-41638-2
797:978-1-139-43301-3
763:978-1-118-15072-6
729:978-0-19-960139-4
701:(Subscription or
662:978-0-415-20036-3
628:978-1-58046-127-6
594:978-0-521-38884-9
560:(Subscription or
367:Benjamin Gompertz
297:Registrar General
273:difference engine
137:and backing from
2556:
2524:Biostatisticians
2459:
2458:
2447:
2446:
2355:Denise Lievesley
2241:Bernard Benjamin
2229:Arthur Cockfield
2211:L. H. C. Tippett
2139:The Lord Woolton
2085:Sir Josiah Stamp
1962:The Lord Avebury
1950:Leonard Courtney
1902:Rawson W. Rawson
1854:William Newmarch
1720:
1713:
1706:
1697:
1696:
1675:
1662:
1641:
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1620:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1600:. Archived from
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1584:
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1103:
1097:
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1054:
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1038:
1036:
1034:
1019:
1013:
1012:
997:(1st ed.).
987:
981:
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943:
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934:
928:
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883:
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858:
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2313:James Durbin
2259:D. J. Finney
2175:Egon Pearson
2055:R. Henry Rew
1971:20th century
1956:Henry Fowler
1860:William Farr
1859:
1818:Lord Stanley
1738:19th century
1671:
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1637:the original
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1602:the original
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479:Bedford Park
467:Walter Paget
456:
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209:normal curve
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121:In 1837 the
120:
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37:William Farr
36:
35:
32:William Farr
25:
2489:1883 deaths
2484:1807 births
2378:Andy Grieve
2372:Peter Green
2307:John Nelder
2223:Frank Yates
2187:Hugh Beaver
2145:David Heron
2121:Hector Leak
1890:James Caird
1866:William Guy
1776:Lord Ashley
1655:Eyler, John
1648:Biographies
1608:21 February
1033:25 February
485:Recognition
383:life tables
187:Farr's laws
139:Neil Arnott
84:Switzerland
2478:Categories
2423:2017–2018
2417:2014–2016
2411:2013–2014
2405:2011–2012
2394:2010–2010
2390:David Hand
2388:2008–2009
2382:2005–2007
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2277:Henry Wynn
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2031:1915–1916
2025:1914–1915
2019:1912–1914
2013:1910–1912
2007:1909–1910
2001:1907–1909
1995:1906–1907
1989:1905–1906
1983:1904–1905
1977:1902–1904
1960:1900–1902
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1948:1897–1899
1936:1896–1897
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1762:1840–1842
1756:1838–1840
1750:1836–1838
1744:1834–1836
1727:Presidents
995:Extra Life
705:required.)
564:required.)
518:References
512:Ascomycota
323:Maida Vale
266:Later life
244:intestines
76:apothecary
72:Shrewsbury
64:Dorrington
54:Early life
2289:David Cox
2067:Udny Yule
1668:E. Seneta
1077:0303-8408
969:0033-3506
499:Farriolla
496:In 1884,
453:building
394:aetiology
240:John Snow
90:lecture.
2450:Category
2384:Tim Holt
1670:(eds.).
1657:(1979).
1580:12091298
1085:11582849
993:(2021).
977:15313591
922:20767766
873:: 69–98.
475:art deco
411:In drama
402:nosology
256:pathogen
197:smallpox
2400:pro tem
1729:of the
1629:Myconet
1571:1721433
1509:23 June
1475:23 June
1441:21 June
1407:21 June
1373:22 June
1339:23 June
1258:21 June
1224:21 June
1177:22 June
1093:9549345
927:error."
913:2302838
837:22 June
803:22 June
769:22 June
735:21 June
668:21 June
634:21 June
600:21 June
510:in the
364:actuary
221:cholera
2429:2019–
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433:Family
80:France
2119:1941
1942:1897
1598:LSHTM
1089:S2CID
1053:(PDF)
508:fungi
504:genus
451:LSHTM
369:(the
333:Works
2462:List
1610:2017
1576:PMID
1511:2013
1498:ISBN
1477:2013
1464:ISBN
1443:2013
1430:ISBN
1409:2013
1396:ISBN
1375:2013
1362:ISBN
1341:2013
1328:ISBN
1260:2013
1247:ISBN
1226:2013
1213:ISBN
1179:2013
1166:ISBN
1081:PMID
1073:ISSN
1035:2016
1003:ISBN
973:PMID
965:ISSN
918:PMID
839:2013
826:ISBN
805:2013
792:ISBN
771:2013
758:ISBN
737:2013
724:ISBN
670:2013
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