Knowledge:Manual of Style/Film

2387:, and link to terms that match the topic precisely if not closely. If coverage from secondary sources focuses on a specific aspect of the documentary, that aspect can be elaborated to provide context for the coverage. For example, it may mention some statistics (and there is coverage from secondary sources analyzing them), which are not detailed in the synopsis. An "Analysis" section can be written to detail the statistics from the documentary and to report the analytical coverage by secondary sources. Further, sometimes a documentary will be reviewed not just by film critics, but by authorities in the subject matter; their reviews can be referenced. For topics that may be controversial, such as politicized issues, please see the " 1734:), the reception section, or if sufficient coverage exists, it is recommended that this information is placed in a "Box office" or "Theatrical run" section. In addition to worldwide box office statistics, this section may detail specific results of opening weekends, results from different English-speaking territories, the number of theaters the film was released into, and audience demographics. Coverage of a notable opening in a country not of the film's origin may be included (e.g., an article on an American film set in China may include discussion of the film's performance in that country). Box office statistics can be sourced from dedicated tracking websites such as Box Office Mojo or 2115:

statistics that may be too indiscriminate for the article. Templates for these useful external links are listed below, but judge each external link on its own merits. For example, a film may not be well known enough to have multiple reviews listed at Rotten Tomatoes or Metacritic, or it may be too old to have in-depth box office statistics at Box Office Mojo. Alternately, the TCM Movie Database may be a useful external link mainly for classic films, where they would not add anything for most newer films. Avoid linking to fansites unless they are written by a recognized authority. Be aware that including external links to promote a website

2367:. Policy states, "Discussion of isolated events, criticisms, or news reports about a subject may be verifiable and neutral, but still be disproportionate to their overall significance to the article topic." If a film is considered controversial as a whole, then coverage of that might comprise a large portion of the article. Alternatively, isolated criticism can be set out in summary: for example, complaints about a horror film's poster being too gory could be detailed and cited in the article's "Release" section. 2359:. Content should not be split by the apparent POV. Policy says, "Try to achieve a more neutral text by folding debates into the narrative, rather than isolating them into sections that ignore or fight against each other." For example, a film that is based on historical events and has elicited contrary views may warrant a neutrally titled "Historical accuracy" section with sources that survey the filmmakers' intent or historians' differing assessments (positive or negative) of the film's historical accuracy. 2451:, "Do not combine material from multiple sources to reach or imply a conclusion not explicitly stated by any of the sources." For films based on history or science, analysis should be based on reliable published secondary sources that compare the film with history or with science. If analysis is limited, links should be provided to historical or scientific articles so readers can read about topics based in reality after reading about the work of fiction that uses these topics with dramatic license. 1960:). The number of accolades and any related background information can help determine how to present them. For films with only a small number, identifying them in prose may be sufficient. Consider using a wikitable in other situations, with column names such as Award, Category, Nominee(s), and Result. If a table's size overwhelms the rest of the film article, it can be split into a list article that focuses on the accolades (e.g., 1385:, interpretive, explanatory, or evaluative claims about information found in a primary source". Provided the film is publicly available, citing it explicitly in the plot summary section is not necessary, since the film is the primary source and the infobox provides its details. Secondary sources must be used for all other cases, such as upcoming films (including those that had sneak previews and only played at film festivals) and 2440:

approaches can be interwoven in the film article's body in sections such as the "Production" section and the "reception" section, respectively. If ample coverage from secondary sources exists about a film's historical or scientific accuracy, editors can pursue a sub-topic sharing such coverage in a section titled "Historical accuracy" or "Scientific accuracy" ("accuracy" being applied as neutral terminology).

40: 1389:, as these would not be considered generally available or verifiable. Complicated plots may occasionally require clarifications from secondary sources; so cite these sources in the section. If there are differing perspectives of a film's events from secondary sources, describe the events on screen as simply as possible in the plot summary and report interpretations in another section of the article. 3237:. Note that in international film festivals, the films, their directors or other filmmakers and actors do not represent their country, and their nationality is mere parenthetical information. Therefore, flag icons should not be used to accompany titles and names. Apart from these points, the use of flag icons in film infoboxes has been decided against by long-standing consensus. 1909:(include both if available), may be used and placed in the appropriate release or reception-based section, depending on the available context, but the content is not required to be in a "Critical reception" section. Unless quoting an author from a reliable source citing public commentary, do not quote comments from members of the general public (e.g., user comments from 2826:) to be "all-inclusive" — that is, in order that the base category served as a complete and thorough directory of all films from that country, a film had to be filed there even if it was already in one or more "Country-genre" or "Country-other characteristic" subcategories. However, this is no longer established practice; due to the 1967:). Awards included in lists should have a Knowledge article to demonstrate notability. Because of the proliferation of film festivals and "award mills", festival awards should be added with discretion, with inclusion subject to consensus. Awards bestowed by web-only entities are not generally included. Avoid accolades, especially 1855:

is not required. Caution should be exercised when using aggregator scores that combine original and later dated reviews. Also, data from these aggregators is potentially less accurate for films released before the websites existed, so care should be exercised before deciding to cite them. To avoid giving these sites

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Free licence images can include filming locations, on-set photos, and photos of the cast and crew. Some older films may be in the public domain, and screenshots can be used in articles without fair use constraints. Older films still in copyright may have trailers in the public domain, and screenshots

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Many films are adapted from other works of fiction (such as literature, plays, musicals, and other films). When filmmakers adapt this source material, they make changes for creative and conventional reasons. Details from secondary sources about why and how such changes took place, and the reaction to

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A production section should provide a clear and readable narrative of how the film was developed, setting out the key events of its production without detailing all of the day-to-day operations or listing every piece of associated news and trivia. Maintain a production standpoint, referring to public

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The lead should introduce the film and provide a summary of its most important aspects. At minimum, the opening sentence should identify the title, the year of its earliest public release (including film festival screenings), and the primary genre or sub-genre under which it is verifiably classified.

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For filming locations, free images of a specific and mostly unchanged location in the film can illustrate the places used in a film's production. On-set photos showing production in process may be used if they are evidenced to have been released under an appropriate licence. The cast and crew can be

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began with an untitled teaser trailer that generated strong hype. For merchandising and other tie-ins, cite reliable sources to demonstrate relevance outside a studio's website(s) or shopping websites. Commentary about product placement, since it is not actual marketing of the film itself, should go

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are citable for data about the ratio of positive to negative reviews. When cited, the score from All Critics should be referenced instead of Top Critics. There is no community consensus about how to summarize Rotten Tomatoes and Metacritic scores, and the use of prevalent summary styles or templates

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individual reviews. Detailed commentary from reliable sources regarding the critics' consensus (or lack thereof) is encouraged. Individual critics can also be referenced to detail various aspects of the film. Professional film critics are regarded as reliable sources, although reputable commentators

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A key part of the article should be about the film's release and how it was received. Coverage will vary by film, and editors can structure the content in a way that serves readers best; presentation of content about release and reception can range from a simple "Release" section to several sections

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Actors and their roles can be presented in different forms, depending on three elements: 1) the prominence of the cast in the film, 2) the amount of real-world context for the whole cast or its members, and 3) the structure of the article. Editors are encouraged to lay out such content to best serve

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and reflect what is specified by a majority of mainstream reliable sources. If the nationality is singularly defined by reliable sources (e.g., being called an American film), identify it in the opening sentence. If the nationality is not singular, cover the different national interests later in the

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Navigation templates can be included at the bottom of film articles to link to related articles. Articles should be substantially related to the subject of the navigation template. If the subject is a director, their films can be displayed in the template. If the subject is a film series, the films

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require a modified approach for their articles. Instead of a plot summary, a documentary article should have a synopsis that serves as an overview of the documentary. The synopsis should describe the on-screen events without interpretation, following the same guidelines that apply to a plot summary

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Due weight means "that each article or other page in the mainspace fairly represents all significant viewpoints that have been published by reliable sources, in proportion to the prominence of each viewpoint". Knowledge aims to describe disputes, so controversial topics should already be covered by

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can provide listings of more reviews than sampled in the article body. They can be included as external links instead of links to individual reviews. Other useful external links include the Internet Movie Database, which provides community interaction, and Box Office Mojo, which provides box office

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and their authors have no proven expertise or credibility. Do not include user ratings submitted to websites such as the Internet Movie Database, Metacritic, or Rotten Tomatoes (including the Metacritic "User Score" and the Rotten Tomatoes "Audience Says" blurbs and "Popcornmeter" scores), as these

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for box office figures from the United States and Canada, and elsewhere. Also avoid terms such as "North America" which will vary in meaning among Knowledge readers, and instead specify the countries (for example, use "United States and Canada") or indicate additional figures as outside the primary

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sections in articles which list a number of films or other works of fiction which reference the main subject. These references should be kept to a bare minimum and should not go into great detail about the plot of the story, although a brief synopsis may be appropriate. They should be supported by

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in the series can be displayed in the template. The number of blue links to related articles should be substantial enough to warrant a navigation template. For example, if a director has only made two films, each film article instead can have a "See also" section linking to the other film article.

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if it cannot adequately be substituted by a free equivalent image or descriptive text. The non-free image should be significant in increasing the readers' understanding of the topic. Non-free images can illustrate technical or thematic aspects of the film. Examples include, but are not limited to:

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Films are mainly works of fiction, and filmmakers sometimes use history or science as the basis of their films. They incorporate these topics in their films in a way that suits their storytelling and filmmaking abilities. Their approaches to incorporating these topics or others' reactions to their

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A film article can provide a reader with additional reading material in a "Further reading" section at the end of the article. The material should not appear elsewhere in the article, so well-developed articles that use many references will not necessarily need this section. An article that is not

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The "Accolades" section can also mix prose and lists. Prose can be used within a list of accolades to provide context, such as a general overview or a summary of controversy behind a given accolade. While a concise summary of critics' top-ten lists can be added, avoid adding an individual critic's

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Reviews from the film's country of origin are recommended (i.e., Chinese reviews for a Chinese film, French reviews for a French film), although additional evaluations from English-speaking countries are desirable. In the case of films not in the English language, the section should contain quotes

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Themes are unifying or dominant ideas and motifs in a film's elements (such as plot, dialogue, photography, and sound) conveying a position or message about life, society, and human nature. Most themes are implied rather than explicitly stated, regardless of whether their presence is the conscious

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This section should be structured properly to fit the available content: for example, if there is sufficient material, the section could support subsections such as "development" and "filming". Some topics might be interlinked, such as where a film has had different writers during its development.

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being X-rated initially by the MPAA. Rating coverage generally belongs in the "Release" section, though coverage can be elsewhere. For instance, the "Production" section can detail the filmmakers' goal to achieve a specific rating in making the film, or a stand-alone section can cover controversy

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Names should be referred to as credited, or by common name supported by a reliable source. If roles are described outside of the plot summary, keep such descriptions concise. Subjective interpretation using labels such as protagonist, antagonist, villain, or main character, should be avoided. The

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The plot section describes the events of the original general release. Plot details in alternate versions released theatrically or on home media may be described in other sections if appropriately sourced. Events do not have to be written in the order in which they appear on screen. If necessary,

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Succeeding sentences in the first paragraph should identify other elements, such as (in no defined order) the director, the star(s), and any writers or producers who are well known. If the film is based on source material, that material and its creators should be identified. In terms of plot, the

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identification of ratings and instead focus on ratings for which there is substantial coverage from reliable sources. Coverage of ratings can include how a film is produced to target specific audiences, the late editing of a film to acquire a specific rating, or controversy over whether or not a

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The real-world context for actors and their roles varies by film. Real-world context may be about how the role was written, how the actor came to be cast, or what preparations were necessary for filming. Development of an article means that a basic cast list may evolve into a bulleted list, with

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Other paragraphs in the lead should cover aspects not yet mentioned. Examples include major events involving the production, prominent themes, reception, box office grosses and milestones, controversies, summary of awards, spin-offs (such as sequels, remakes, or other media), and any significant

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Since a film article's "Plot" section contains descriptive claims about the information found in the primary source (the film) and not information found in reliable sources regarding the film, the section is not considered critical commentary or discussion of film. Thus, non-free images need to

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or a collection of prerecorded songs compiled for the film. If the film score is a key aspect of production, it can be covered in a "Music" subsection of the article's "Production" section. Otherwise, a "Soundtrack" section can be used to provide a summary background about the film score or the

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A film series article should only be created when the series encompasses at least three films. An article for two films is too premature for consolidating details from both. Exceptions may include franchise articles where films are one of several notable and interrelated components (TV series,

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Knowledge is a 💕, so free images are preferred in its articles. Since the majority of films are copyrighted, it may be necessary to use non-free images in Knowledge articles about films. These images need to meet Knowledge's non-free content criteria and acceptable uses. The requirements are

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that reduce accessibility), or a table or infobox (grouping actors and their roles) may be placed in the plot summary or in the "Casting" subsection of a "Production" section. Use tables with care due to their complexity; they are most appropriate for developed, stable articles (and are also

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A basic cast list in a "Cast" section is appropriate for most stub-class articles. When an article is more developed, information about the cast can be presented in other ways. A "Cast" section may be maintained but with more detailed bulleted entries (ensuring that these do not force any

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be a useful section in a film article, as it can serve as a "Miscellaneous" area for important facts (not just fan facts) that may not yet fit easily elsewhere. This is especially true for articles in early stages of development or about new releases. As the article matures, as per the

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list unless an exception is made through consensus. For a film that is widely overlooked for awards, a prose summary noting its appearance on such lists may be appropriate; likewise, a film that receives numerous nominations but appears on few such lists may receive the same treatment.

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is especially discouraged. While articles in the early stage of development (or about newly released films) may contain information which does not easily fit elsewhere, the material should either be moved to the relevant section or removed entirely when the article matures.

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Avoid using succession boxes that identify when a film ranked first at the box office and what films preceded and succeeded it at the box office. Instead, include detailed information about the film's box office performance in the article body. (Related discussion:

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Similarly, if an article title includes brackets (parentheses), that portion and any following it will not be italicized, since it is assumed to be a disambiguating term such as "(film)", not part of the film title itself. If it is actually part of the title, as in

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AACR2 7.0B1 states: "The chief source of information for motion pictures and video recordings is (in this order of preference): the item itself (e.g., the title frames), its container (and container label) if the container is an integral part of the piece (e.g., a

2645:, including two that are most relevant to WikiProject Film. Film and television screen shots are for critical commentary and discussion of the cinema and television. Promotional material such as posters, programs, billboards, ads are also for critical commentary. 3135:

s "Just when you thought it was safe to go back in the water ..." so use reliable sources to back claims to fame. If the tagline is not very famous but still considered relevant to a film's marketing, it can belong in the appropriate section of the article body.

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The film infobox is a template that allows summary information of a film to be presented to readers in the upper right corner of an article. The infobox contains parameters to fill out, and the template's documentation page outlines how to determine the input.

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photographed at the various premieres of the resulting film as well as any components of production on display (such as costumes or vehicles). If marketing materials are captured in freely released photos, caution must be exercised to ensure that they are not

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Track listings for film scores are generally discouraged since the score is usually composed by one person and the score's tracks are generic descriptions of scenes from the film. Noteworthy tracks from the film score can be identified and discussed in prose.

898:. The majority of the guidelines focus on writing articles about individual films. Sections under "Primary content" are content that is expected in articles about film on a regular basis. Sections under "Secondary content" are content that may be uncommon. 1867:

translated into English from non-English reviews. For older films, it is important to distinguish between initial critical reception (from reviews published around the time of first release) and subsequent reception (from reviews made at later dates). Use

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information about films, so cite sources that are reliable. Visit the pages below for help on citing sources. If an article already uses an established approach to referencing, respect the existing approach and only change to another approach if there is

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The article should include categories at the bottom. At a minimum, year, country, language and genre categories should be included. The generic categories, among others, are listed below for browsing. If the article title begins with "The" or "A", use

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is to be avoided. If supported by filmmaker or third-party analysis, descriptions of deleted scenes included with the release should be placed in the "Production" section; the reason for the footage's removal is the relevant element, not the medium.

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The image in the film article's infobox serves as cover art and visually identifies the topic. The inclusion of additional cover art should be restricted to illustrating secondary sources' coverage of the appearance of cover art and packaging.

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size that some countries' categories attained, that practice has been deprecated. A film should no longer be filed there simultaneously with other subcategories within the same country's tree, and should be in a base "Country films" category

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is against including actor templates since not all actors have substantial appearances in all their films and since multiple actors in a film would overpopulate the bottom of a film article with actor templates regardless of role prominence.

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exist. Details may be contained in a "Marketing" section, depending on the amount of coverage available, or within another appropriate section of the article. Since films are treated as commercial products, care must be taken to provide a

3182:(MPAA). Provide global coverage of how different territories rate individual films if substantial coverage exists. Retrospective coverage is also welcomed to evaluate how films were rated in their time period, such as the 1969 film 1474:, or main on-end credits), speaking roles, named roles, cast lists in reliable sources, blue links, etc. If there are many of the cast worth identifying, either list the names in two or three columns, or group the names in prose. 2641:. While all ten non-free content criteria must be met, three are the most pertinent to WikiProject Film: (1) No free equivalent, (3) Minimal usage and minimal extent of use, and (8) Significance. The content guidelines also list 1863:, it is recommended to sample a reasonable balance of these reviews. This may not always be possible or desirable (e.g. for films that have been widely acclaimed or panned), and best judgment should again be used. 3234: 1955:

Accolades that a film receives can be covered in their own section. Accolades include award wins and nominations, recognition from film critics' circles, and presence on lists of critically acclaimed films (e.g.,

2578:), one should be created, and an album infobox with a cover image can exist in the new article. For collections of prerecorded songs, a track listing can be presented to identify the songs and their artists. The 2962:

In child lists, films should be organized by their earliest release date, whether it be at a film festival, a world premiere, a public release, or the release in the country or countries that produced the film,

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If web pages are referenced in the article body, include in the citation the date it was last accessed. Sometimes web pages will no longer be accessible online, so retrieve an archived URL of the page using the

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can be used for the score or the collection, although WikiProject Film consensus is against having cover images in the album infoboxes in the film article. The poster image in the film infobox is sufficient

2718: 2106:, so whenever possible, external links should be converted into references for the article body. Some external links may benefit readers in a way that the Knowledge article cannot accommodate. For example, 2874:" section for guidelines on what to include.) Such an article would also benefit from coverage that discusses the series as a whole, or at least commentators who compare later films to their predecessors. 1405: 3004:(&) is used to indicate a writing team or duo, while "and" is used to separate multiple writers who are not part of a team. Such distinctions are useful to note in tables and in the lead of articles. 2447:, policy states, "To provide encyclopedic value, data should be put in context with explanations referenced to independent sources." In addition, Knowledge's policy of "no original research" states about 1366:

summaries are self-contained sections ("Plot", "Plot summary") in film articles that complement wider coverage about production, reception, themes, and other real-world aspects, following Knowledge's

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For the deaths section, a person must have two film credits to be added to the list, no more than two of the most important works attributed to the individual, no red links and no re-directing links.

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says, "... a primary source may be used only to make descriptive claims, the accuracy of which is verifiable by a reasonable, educated person without specialist knowledge ... Do not make analytic,

159: 3022:, dates should be linked only to articles about the linked date, and they should be linked only when the date's article provides important information or context specifically related to the film. 1370:. Since films are primary sources for their articles, basic descriptions of their plots do not need references to an outside source. The plot summary is an overview of the main events, so avoid 2496:

Topics that can be covered include target demographics, test screenings, release dates, scale of release (limited vs. wide), merchandising, marketing controversies, and contending for awards.

1536:, a list item should not end with a full stop unless it consists of a complete sentence or is the end of a list that forms one. Do not put common nouns within roles in capitals, for example, 2656:

from the editors themselves. Critical commentary should be embedded in the body of the film article. A non-free image can be used to illustrate the target element of the critical commentary

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If available, provide information on the film's release on home media, such as release dates, revenues, and other appropriate third-party coverage. The section may contain a summary of the

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with their own subsections. Details about the release can include noteworthy screenings at film festivals and elsewhere, theatrical distribution and related business, setups (e.g. digital,

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for examples of appropriate layouts. Since the page is a set of guidelines, it is subject to change depending on Knowledge policies or participant consensus. For other guidelines, see

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if an appropriate genre or time period subcategory does not exist at all, which is only the case in a very small handful of countries that have very few films to categorize at all.

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Sections covering the production (e.g., development, filming, visual effects) should be grouped together, preceding sections that cover other aspects, such as release and reception.

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includes coding to italicize the article title automatically. If a film article does not have an infobox, editors are encouraged to add one, which will italicize the article title

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storylines, or unless the plot is too complicated to summarize in this range. (Discuss with other editors to determine if a summary cannot be contained within the proper range.)

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announcements only when particularly noteworthy or revealing. Focus on information that describes how plot elements or settings were decided and produced, rather than simply

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like dialogue, scene-by-scene breakdowns, individual jokes, and technical detail. Do not include actors' names in the plot summary, as it is redundant to the "Cast" section.

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Instead, use reliable sources to provide useful commentary about a method, such as a trailer's intended effect or the audience's reported reaction to it. For example, the

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well-developed and not expected to be anytime soon can provide a "Further reading" section so readers can pursue more about the topic beyond Knowledge's limited coverage.

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film's rating was appropriately assigned. Since this is the English-language Knowledge and not the American Knowledge, avoid mere identification of ratings issued by the

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Plot summaries for feature films should be between 400 and 700 words. The summary should not exceed the range unless the film's structure is unconventional, such as with

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and experts—connected to the film or to topics covered by the film—may also be cited. The use of print reviews is encouraged; these will be more reliable in retrospect.

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template and the DISPLAYTITLE magic word are used, they should be placed in that order, so that DISPLAYTITLE formatting overrides the infobox's built-in italics coding.

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For a controversial film, or a controversy stemming from a particular aspect of an otherwise uncontroversial film, editors should closely review Knowledge's policy on

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The inclusion of mid- and post-credit scenes should be based on the same criteria used to evaluate the relevance of other scenes. In accordance with the guidelines on

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country or territory. Since countries and territories may not precisely match in count, copy the term used by the source(s) being referenced for box office coverage.

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to belong in what is intended to be a concise overview of the film article or to belong in sections without context. Exceptions may include famous taglines such as

1581:. Include detail regarding casting choices and how actors were found, but only include casting dates (month and year is normally sufficient) when notably relevant. 1419:, every important event in a film should be outlined without censoring details considered to be spoilers, and without the use of disclaimers or "spoiler warnings". 1824:. If any form of paraphrasing is disputed, quote the source directly. Describing a film with superlatives such as "critically acclaimed" or "box-office bomb" is 526: 2882:

Once an article has been created for a film, it can be entered into a number of lists to allow easier browsing for viewers. All films should be included in the

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cultural impact. Summarize awards and achievements using proper context in a later paragraph, and avoid descriptive phrases like "award-winning" to maintain a

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grosses), denominated in the film's national currency, if possible. Avoid terminology such as "domestic" and "international", which is used by sites such as

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The following subsections are presented in the order in which they typically appear, but the structure and ordering may vary between film articles. See also

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for guidance that applies to other elements, such as reputable directors, starring actors, and source material. Genre classifications should comply with

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A plot section (called synopsis for documentaries) should usually appear immediately after the lead, unless a film's specific context warrants otherwise.

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For example, you would add the following to the bottom of a page titled "The Movie" for an English-language American comedy film that came out in 2008:

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in film" or "Films featuring foo" are discouraged if the intention is to refer to an element within the film itself. Rather, a category such as "Films

2574:, and having cover images in the film article's album infoboxes is considered extraneous. If an album is notable enough for a stand-alone article (see 566: 186: 1660:), and significant release date changes, with sourced commentary where appropriate. Do not include information on the release in every territory (see 601: 551: 531: 1183:

Articles should aim to include each of the sections below. Since coverage in reliable sources can vary greatly, the structuring and ordering of the

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Thoughts from the cast and crew can be included but should be substantive and avoid a promotional tone, especially during the marketing campaign.

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is left to editorial discretion as to what best suits the article. Some aspects with limited coverage may need to be merged into other sections.

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If a film article's title exceeds 50 characters, it will not be italicized automatically. To force the title to be italicized, add the parameter

454: 204: 3029:, avoid using season names in film articles. If a term like "summer film" needs to be used, provide additional context for global comprehension. 1497:

recommended to display different casts, such as a Japanese-language voice cast and an English-language voice cast, in a Japanese animated film.)

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will be enhanced. A separate section is not required if it is more appropriate to place the material in the production or reception sections.

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The highest-grossing films chart should only include the top 10 films, along with their rank, title, production company, and worldwide gross.

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The notability guideline for film-related articles helps decide whether a film-related topic should have its own article, and builds on the

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several sentences devoted to each character. Alternatively, a list may be accompanied by prose that discusses only a handful of the cast.

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The film series article can use tables to consolidate cast and crew, box office, and critical and audience reception information. (See "

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If the infobox is used in an article with a title other than the film's title, italicization can be suppressed by adding the parameter

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If a film article already exists with the name of the film that you are trying to create an article for, use (YEAR film) in the title:

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in the lead or standalone sections. Since taglines are generally a small part of a film's marketing campaign, they are usually too

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foo" should be used, which will be more clear in its intention that it only be applied to films in which foo is a central aspect.

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Do not merely identify and describe the content of customary marketing methods such as trailers, TV spots, radio ads, and posters.

2383:). Since a documentary deals with real-life topics and figures, provide wikilinks to them wherever useful. See the guidelines on 477: 472: 266: 226: 211: 144: 943: 1257: 1017:, the title of a film's article should use italics, just as the film's title would be italicized in running text. The template 301: 3284: 3179: 2628: 1493: 1401: 693: 449: 444: 171: 1611:: filming dates and places, important artistic decisions, and noteworthy events (delays, reshoots, financial problems, etc.) 1315:

References to the film should be written in present tense, as the film still exists, even if it is no longer showing (e.g. "

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elsewhere in the article; for example, it may go in the "Production" section to show how it lowered production costs.

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comics, etc.). If desired, a film series article can be maintained in the draft space until it meets the threshold.

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them, can be included within the article body. Writing about changes between a film and its source material without

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will vary by territories in accordance to their cultures and their types of governance. In film articles, avoid

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to do so. For examples of film articles that reference well, visit the Good and Featured Articles listed on the

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If an article's title includes both a film title and additional wording that should not be italicized (e.g.,

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If a non-film article already exists with the name of the film that you are trying to create an article for,

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The "Production" section can be set out in four parts, coinciding with the chronology of creation (see the

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Please note that WikiProject Film formerly maintained a consensus of requiring base "Country films" (e.g.

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production design, makeup, costume design, camera technique, visual effects, lighting, and iconic shots.

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This content is not necessarily intended to be a standalone section, or a subsection, in a film article.

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in such circumstances, consider whether it is best to place the data lower in the section. To maintain a

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are not italicized in prose, footnotes, or External links. Editors may choose to use citation templates

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Flag icons are only appropriate where the subject actually represents that country or nationality

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and other core Knowledge policies and guidelines, with additional criteria applicable to film.

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For a list of references that can be copied and pasted as inline citations for accolades, see

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mentions should only include films that made a given list—not those that were only nominated.

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provide overview information about the film. If there is a reason not to add an infobox, the

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s 100 Best Superheroes", sourced solely to the Daily Planet, is unlikely to be appropriate.

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Knowledge's guideline for external links is to consider each link on its merits, so review

1946: 1702: 1595:: development of the concept and script, as well as the securing of financing and producers 822: 797: 792: 703: 90: 2394: 2273: 1888: 8: 2930: 2903: 2895: 2352: 2265: 2150: 2034: 1773: 1631:

intent of the producer, writer, or director. Inclusion of a treatment of a film's themes—

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Include only the director, screenwriter and the main cast, as per the guidance in the

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general premise should be briefly described, along with any actors' roles within it.

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to determine if a film's initial reception varies from the reputation it has today.

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can be used. For the given example, the following is included in the list article:

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parameter will override this behavior and cause the entire title to be italicized.

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It is a generally accepted standard that editors should attempt to follow, though

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List of countries by number of Academy Awards for Best International Feature Film

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Articles should list country- and genre-specific lists of films by year, such as

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Knowledge:Templates for deletion/Log/2009 August 3 § Box office succession boxes

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belong in other sections in which they can be supported by critical commentary.

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of the public carried out by a reliable source in an accredited manner, such as

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The overall critical reception to a film should be supported by attributions to

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seems to have been "lost" after creation. Good place for more film templates.

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Knowledge:Categories, lists, and navigation templates § Navigation templates

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Do not include genre columns, as genre classifications can be subjective.

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at the top of the list of categories in the article. Categories such as "

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A film's marketing campaign may be detailed in its Knowledge article if

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for any facts included in this section; otherwise they can be deleted.

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lead section. For presentation of non-English language titles, see the

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In running text, the film's title should be italicized per Knowledge's

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of the article—preferably written using prose, not bullet points or

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The following is a manual of style for film-related articles under

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This information can be included under the release section (see

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If the film title itself is in doubt, such as whether the word

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Critical commentary and discussion of the film must come from

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reorder the events to improve understanding of the plot. See

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Non-free images used in film articles must meet Knowledge's

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Knowledge is not an indiscriminate collection of information

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and include it in the citation along with the original URL.

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Knowledge is not an indiscriminate collection of information

1288:. Any summary of the film's critical reception should avoid 1657: 1514: 3240: 3007: 2782:

For films that have yet to be released to the public, add

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Knowledge:WikiProject Film/Essay on writing film articles

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with the exception of the lead, references, and external

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Provide a summary of the film's commercial performance (

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are vulnerable to vote stacking and demographic skew.

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Casts vary in size and importance. A film may have an

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the already existing article's title and change it to

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summarized below in the context of WikiProject Film.

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In the past, film articles have sometimes displayed

2886:. Each film can be included in lists based on the 2401:Knowledge:Manual of Style/Layout § Further reading 1509:should be provided in accordance with Knowledge's 1836:high-quality sources. Be wary of news headlines, 1319:is a..."). An exception would be an article on a 1274:naming conventions for non-English language films 3298: 3231:Do not emphasize nationality without good reason 3247:Knowledge:Manual of Style/Writing about fiction 2741:is only an essay, it can help provide guidance. 944:Knowledge:Manual of Style/Titles § Translations 3189:surrounding a rating if enough detail exists. 3053:style guideline, these items should be either 2351:. Key applications of the NPOV policy include 981:should appear, it can be resolved as follows: 2588:template can be used for this presentation. 875: 773:Categories, lists, and navigation templates 3268:Knowledge:How to streamline a plot summary 3061:—or removed entirely. Remember to include 1932:Knowledge:WikiProject Film/Awards sourcing 1756:about the success or failure of the film. 1446:its readers. If necessary, build toward a 882: 868: 2756:Knowledge:WikiProject Film/Categorization 2245:|id=the-terminator|title=The Terminator}} 900:There is no defined order of the sections 3259:, old essay from meta that still applies 2674:from these trailers can be freely used. 2320:is discouraged. Creating a section that 3092:that place the reference into context. 2906:, etc. that a film can be included in. 2871: 2104:not a mere collection of external links 1502:plot summary should convey such roles. 14: 3299: 3079:Knowledge:"In popular culture" content 1258:Knowledge:Manual of Style/Lead section 71:. When in doubt, discuss first on the 3285:Category:Template-Class film articles 3180:Motion Picture Association of America 3169:Ratings given to individual films by 2629:Knowledge:WikiProject Film/Multimedia 2268:|id=terminator|title=The Terminator}} 2222:|id=terminator|title=The Terminator}} 51:is a part of the English Knowledge's 3291:Knowledge:WikiProject Film/Templates 2939:For years in film articles, such as 2811:Category:Films by geographic setting 2410:Historical and scientific accuracies 2345:editing from a neutral point of view 2066:Knowledge:WikiProject Film/Resources 1517:as a reference, as it is considered 995:British Board of Film Classification 938:Knowledge:Naming conventions (films) 34: 2819:{{DEFAULTSORT:Movie, The}} ] ] ] ] 2643:acceptable uses for non-free images 1484:may be used for listing in columns. 904:Good Articles and Featured Articles 23: 2943:, please follow these guidelines: 2556:collection of prerecorded songs. 2388: 2153:|id=0088247|title=The Terminator}} 2128:|id=0088247|title=The Terminator}} 1676:included with the release, though 24: 3328: 1740:, and print publications such as 67:edit to this page should reflect 3317:Knowledge Manual of Style (arts) 2576:notability guidelines for albums 2199:|id=49101|title=The Terminator}} 2176:|id=92566|title=The Terminator}} 1917:or personal blogs), as they are 987:Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules 902:; please see WikiProject Film's 38: 2998:WGA screenwriting credit system 2992:Screenwriters and writing teams 2572:for identification of the topic 2335:Knowledge:Neutral point of view 2293:Adaptation from source material 1792:that summarize reviews; do not 1458:, or only a handful of actors. 1450:. Detailed considerations are: 1408:for more in-depth suggestions. 1368:policy on writing about fiction 1041:template can be added instead. 28:Knowledge:Manual of Style/Video 2953:List of American films of 2013 2739:Knowledge:Navigation templates 2551:A soundtrack may refer to the 1962:List of accolades received by 1838:which are not reliable sources 1074:List of accolades received by 1008:Manual of Style on italic type 13: 1: 3171:motion picture rating systems 2967:sneak previews or screenings. 2839:Guidelines for related topics 954:and use (film) in the title: 926:general notability guidelines 672:References and external links 3252:Knowledge:Notability (films) 3083:Many editors like to create 2957:List of horror films of 2013 2385:link clarity and specificity 2339:Knowledge:Dispute resolution 2322:merely lists the differences 2141:AFI Catalog of Feature Films 2061:Knowledge:Citation templates 1958:AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies 1784:Knowledge:Review aggregators 1731: 920:Knowledge:Notability (films) 7: 2365:reliable, published sources 1832:that must be attributed to 1402:how to write a plot summary 942:For translated titles, see 527:Specific naming conventions 10: 3333: 3196: 3143: 3099: 3076: 3037: 2913: 2847: 2806:Category:Films by director 2796:Category:Films by language 2749: 2709: 2694: 2625:Knowledge:Image use policy 2622: 2604: 2518: 2458: 2413: 2398: 2332: 2296: 2083: 2051:Knowledge:Reliable sources 2028:Readers should be able to 1984: 1936: 1929: 1878: 1801: 1781: 1763: 1754:draw their own conclusions 1692: 1557: 1426: 1330: 1296: 1255: 1216: 941: 935: 917: 80: 25: 3040:Knowledge:Trivia sections 2639:non-free content criteria 2380: 1379:policy on primary sources 1102:|string=American Beauty}} 908:Knowledge:Manual of Style 828:Wikimedia sister projects 18:Knowledge:Manual of Style 3312:WikiProject style advice 2801:Category:Films by studio 2752:Knowledge:Categorization 2117:is considered to be spam 2086:Knowledge:External links 2046:Knowledge:Citing sources 1975:was listed at #1 on The 1505:For uncredited roles, a 1015:policy on article titles 3280:Category:Film templates 3055:moved to other sections 2824:Category:American films 2784:Category:Upcoming films 2100:links to normally avoid 2017:American Film Institute 1915:Internet Movie Database 3274:Film related templates 2910:Years in film articles 2791:Category:Films by year 2096:links to be considered 1749:The Hollywood Reporter 1406:copyediting essentials 997:has a search function. 971:Film Title (YEAR film) 963:Film Title (YEAR film) 2719:WikiProject consensus 2697:Template:Infobox film 2491:neutral point of view 2333:Further information: 2092:what should be linked 1861:neutral point of view 1532:. In accordance with 1286:neutral point of view 1055:I Am Curious (Yellow) 914:Notability guidelines 455:Writing about fiction 160:Organizing by subject 114:Manual of Style (MoS) 61:occasional exceptions 3287:– Talk page category 2974:of the film infobox. 2596:Non-prose components 1511:verifiability policy 1160:Cite Box Office Mojo 1140:Cite Rotten Tomatoes 808:Talk page guidelines 483:Stringed instruments 155:Disambiguation pages 3090:third-party sources 2669:Free licence images 1579:listing their dates 1548:as security at ball 1541:as Security at Ball 1413:content disclaimers 612:Trinidad and Tobago 547:France (and French) 537:China (and Chinese) 2872:Audience reception 2543:MOS:FILMSOUNDTRACK 2349:dispute resolution 2318:real-world context 2188:TCM Movie Database 1995:MOS:FILMCRITICLIST 1875:Audience reception 1844:Review aggregation 1760:Critical reception 1737:Deadline Hollywood 1645:real-world context 1568:MOS:FILMPRODUCTION 1317:Gone with the Wind 1060:italic title=force 1046:italic title=force 932:Naming conventions 813:Template namespace 757:Related guidelines 2742: 2654:original research 2469:MOS:FILMMARKETING 2376:Documentary films 2353:article structure 2288:Secondary content 1947:MOS:FILMACCOLADES 1869:secondary sources 1846:websites such as 1830:exceptional claim 1703:MOS:FILMBOXOFFICE 1641:original research 956:Film Title (film) 892: 891: 818:Understandability 748: 747: 682:Structure drawing 637:Latter Day Saints 490: 489: 425:Lyrics and poetry 347:Stand-alone lists 222:Dates and numbers 108: 107: 3324: 3307:WikiProject Film 3209: 3163: 3156: 3134: 3112: 3067:reliable sources 2933: 2926: 2860: 2770: 2764: 2733: 2680:derivative works 2650:reliable sources 2617: 2587: 2581: 2568: 2562: 2545: 2538: 2531: 2486:reliable sources 2478: 2471: 2433: 2426: 2309: 2269: 2246: 2223: 2200: 2177: 2154: 2129: 1997: 1949: 1891: 1889:MOS:FILMAUDIENCE 1814: 1790:reliable sources 1776: 1712: 1705: 1678:excessive detail 1570: 1483: 1477: 1439: 1357: 1350: 1343: 1309: 1250: 1243: 1236: 1229: 1207:MOS:SECTIONORDER 1190: 1186: 1175:, respectively. 1174: 1170:Cite The Numbers 1168: 1164: 1158: 1154: 1148: 1144: 1138: 1116: 1115: 1114:{{Infobox film}} 1107: 1103: 1088: 1082: 1069:to the infobox. 1068: 1061: 1048:to the infobox. 1047: 1040: 1034: 1026: 1020: 1013:Per Knowledge's 896:WikiProject Film 884: 877: 870: 689:Computer science 662:Compound classes 507:Military history 399: 398: 363: 362: 129: 110: 109: 100: 93: 42: 41: 35: 3332: 3331: 3327: 3326: 3325: 3323: 3322: 3321: 3297: 3296: 3243: 3213: 3212: 3205: 3201: 3195: 3185:Midnight Cowboy 3167: 3166: 3159: 3152: 3148: 3142: 3132: 3116: 3115: 3108: 3104: 3098: 3085:Popular Culture 3081: 3075: 3073:Popular culture 3051:Trivia sections 3042: 3036: 3015: 3013:Date formatting 3010: 2994: 2937: 2936: 2931:MOS:YEARSINFILM 2929: 2922: 2918: 2912: 2880: 2864: 2863: 2856: 2852: 2846: 2841: 2820: 2768: 2762: 2758: 2748: 2714: 2708: 2699: 2693: 2688: 2671: 2631: 2621: 2620: 2613: 2609: 2603: 2598: 2585: 2579: 2566: 2560: 2549: 2548: 2541: 2534: 2527: 2523: 2517: 2502:viral marketing 2482: 2481: 2474: 2467: 2463: 2457: 2437: 2436: 2429: 2422: 2418: 2412: 2403: 2397: 2395:Further reading 2373: 2341: 2331: 2313: 2312: 2305: 2301: 2295: 2290: 2280:Box Office Mojo 2263: 2243:metacritic film 2240: 2234:Rotten Tomatoes 2220:Rotten Tomatoes 2217: 2194: 2171: 2148: 2123: 2108:Rotten Tomatoes 2088: 2082: 2074:Wayback Machine 2026: 2001: 2000: 1993: 1989: 1953: 1952: 1945: 1941: 1935: 1928: 1895: 1894: 1887: 1883: 1877: 1848:Rotten Tomatoes 1826:loaded language 1818: 1817: 1810: 1806: 1786: 1780: 1779: 1774:MOS:FILMCRITICS 1772: 1768: 1762: 1724:Box Office Mojo 1716: 1715: 1708: 1701: 1697: 1691: 1670: 1653: 1628: 1615:post-production 1574: 1573: 1566: 1562: 1556: 1481: 1475: 1472:opening credits 1443: 1442: 1435: 1431: 1425: 1377:As Knowledge's 1361: 1360: 1353: 1346: 1339: 1335: 1329: 1313: 1312: 1305: 1301: 1265:WP:LEADSENTENCE 1260: 1254: 1253: 1248:MOS:FILMCOUNTRY 1246: 1239: 1232: 1225: 1221: 1215: 1188: 1184: 1181: 1179:Primary content 1172: 1166: 1162: 1156: 1152: 1150:Cite Metacritic 1146: 1142: 1136: 1129:Box Office Mojo 1121:Rotten Tomatoes 1113: 1112: 1105: 1097: 1086: 1080: 1076:American Beauty 1067:italic title=no 1066: 1059: 1045: 1038: 1032: 1024: 1018: 1004: 1002:Article italics 947: 940: 934: 922: 916: 888: 838: 837: 758: 750: 749: 744: 743: 719: 709: 708: 652: 642: 641: 627: 617: 616: 522: 512: 511: 502: 492: 491: 405:Anime and manga 396: 386: 385: 371: 360: 352: 351: 327: 317: 316: 312:Trivia sections 292: 282: 281: 267:Image placement 257: 247: 246: 242:Titles of works 237:Text formatting 207: 197: 196: 187:Self-references 167:Gender identity 140: 130: 124: 104: 103: 96: 89: 85: 77: 76: 63:may apply. Any 53:Manual of Style 39: 31: 22: 21: 20: 12: 11: 5: 3330: 3320: 3319: 3314: 3309: 3295: 3294: 3288: 3282: 3276: 3275: 3271: 3270: 3265: 3260: 3254: 3249: 3242: 3239: 3211: 3210: 3202: 3197: 3194: 3191: 3175:indiscriminate 3165: 3164: 3157: 3154:MOS:FILMRATING 3149: 3144: 3141: 3138: 3124:indiscriminate 3114: 3113: 3105: 3100: 3097: 3094: 3074: 3071: 3035: 3032: 3031: 3030: 3023: 3014: 3011: 3009: 3006: 2993: 2990: 2989: 2988: 2987: 2986: 2985: 2984: 2981: 2978: 2975: 2972:starring field 2968: 2966: 2960: 2935: 2934: 2927: 2919: 2914: 2911: 2908: 2884:Lists of films 2879: 2876: 2862: 2861: 2858:MOS:FILMSERIES 2853: 2848: 2845: 2842: 2840: 2837: 2818: 2814: 2813: 2808: 2803: 2798: 2793: 2747: 2744: 2707: 2704: 2692: 2689: 2687: 2684: 2670: 2667: 2619: 2618: 2610: 2605: 2602: 2599: 2597: 2594: 2547: 2546: 2539: 2532: 2524: 2519: 2516: 2513: 2480: 2479: 2472: 2464: 2459: 2456: 2453: 2435: 2434: 2427: 2419: 2414: 2411: 2408: 2396: 2393: 2372: 2369: 2330: 2327: 2311: 2310: 2302: 2297: 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259: 256: 251: 250: 243: 240: 238: 235: 233: 230: 228: 227:Pronunciation 225: 223: 220: 218: 215: 213: 212:Abbreviations 210: 209: 206: 201: 200: 193: 190: 188: 185: 183: 180: 178: 175: 173: 170: 168: 165: 161: 158: 157: 156: 153: 151: 148: 146: 145:Accessibility 143: 142: 139: 134: 133: 119: 118: 115: 112: 111: 99: 95: 92: 88: 87: 84: 79: 74: 70: 66: 62: 56: 54: 50: 44: 37: 36: 33: 29: 19: 3230: 3227: 3223: 3220: 3214: 3207:MOS:FILMFLAG 3183: 3168: 3127: 3117: 3084: 3082: 3054: 3045: 3043: 2995: 2941:2013 in film 2938: 2924:MOS:FILMYEAR 2881: 2869: 2865: 2832: 2827: 2821: 2815: 2781: 2776: 2759: 2750:Main pages: 2734: 2732: 2724: 2715: 2700: 2676: 2672: 2663: 2657: 2647: 2636: 2632: 2623:Main pages: 2590: 2558: 2550: 2505: 2497: 2495: 2483: 2449:synthesizing 2442: 2438: 2424:MOS:FILMHIST 2404: 2374: 2361: 2342: 2314: 2307:MOS:FILMDIFF 2274: 2250: 2228: 2205: 2182: 2159: 2134: 2089: 2070: 2027: 2013:a discussion 2008: 2002: 1978:Daily Planet 1976: 1963: 1954: 1898: 1896: 1865: 1857:undue weight 1842: 1822:weasel words 1819: 1799: 1787: 1747: 1741: 1735: 1729: 1717: 1710:MOS:DOMESTIC 1683: 1671: 1654: 1633:well-sourced 1629: 1620: 1614: 1608: 1604: 1598: 1592: 1583: 1575: 1544: 1537: 1523: 1504: 1500: 1479:Cast listing 1444: 1437:MOS:FILMCAST 1410: 1398: 1391: 1376: 1362: 1341:MOS:FILMPLOT 1316: 1314: 1294: 1282: 1278: 1261: 1234:MOS:FILMLEDE 1227:MOS:FILMLEAD 1213:Lead section 1204: 1193: 1182: 1119: 1111:If both the 1110: 1100:Italic title 1094:DISPLAYTITLE 1084:Italic title 1075: 1071: 1064: 1053: 1050: 1043: 1036:Italic title 1028: 1022:Infobox film 1012: 1005: 978: 976: 970: 962: 955: 952:disambiguate 923: 899: 893: 833:WikiProjects 763:Article size 419: 302:Lead section 64: 46: 32: 3263:WP:BLOOPERS 3110:MOS:TAGLINE 3077:Main page: 3038:Main page: 2844:Film series 2766:DEFAULTSORT 2710:Main page: 2695:Main page: 2615:MOS:FILMNFI 2507:Cloverfield 2476:MOS:TRAILER 2431:MOS:FILMSCI 2399:Main page: 2391:" section. 2381:WP:FILMPLOT 2174:tcmdb title 2084:Main page: 1903:CinemaScore 1593:development 1494:line breaks 1307:MOS:FILMNOW 1256:Main page: 1194:Generally: 1133:The Numbers 990:cassette)." 936:Main page: 918:Main page: 738:Terminology 694:Mathematics 597:Philippines 450:Visual arts 445:Video games 172:Hidden text 65:substantive 3301:Categories 3215:Following 3193:Flag icons 3025:Following 3018:Following 2746:Categories 2706:Navigation 2553:film score 2515:Soundtrack 2357:due weight 2266:mojo title 2257:Metacritic 2151:IMDb title 2112:Metacritic 2024:References 1911:Amazon.com 1852:Metacritic 1794:synthesize 1782:See also: 1720:box office 1689:Box office 1668:Home media 1605:production 1588:article): 1586:Filmmaking 1554:Production 1543:should be 1530:MOS:ITALIC 1519:unreliable 1468:its poster 1394:non-linear 1387:lost films 1125:Metacritic 1091:magic word 823:User pages 798:Signatures 793:Notability 724:Cue sports 440:Television 435:Philosophy 381:Trademarks 205:Formatting 91:WP:MOSFILM 3146:Shortcuts 3063:citations 3027:WP:SEASON 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625:Religion 592:Pakistan 587:Malaysia 520:Regional 262:Captions 232:Spelling 98:MOS:FILM 3140:Ratings 3044:Trivia 2996:In the 2828:extreme 2691:Infobox 2186:at the 2138:at the 1828:and an 1743:Variety 1651:Release 1609:filming 1464:billing 1089:or the 728:Snooker 650:Science 567:Ireland 500:History 415:Blazons 182:Linking 138:Content 3129:Jaws 2 3034:Trivia 3020:WP:EGG 2737:While 2601:Images 2443:Since 2270:gives 2247:gives 2224:gives 2201:gives 2178:gives 2155:gives 2130:gives 2098:, and 2030:verify 1913:, the 1820:Avoid 1674:extras 1626:Themes 1189:links— 1165:, and 1131:, and 1058:, the 967:Rename 717:Sports 677:Safety 602:Poland 552:Hawaii 532:Canada 430:Novels 410:Comics 307:Tables 297:Layout 290:Layout 277:Images 255:Images 3059:lists 3000:, an 2900:genre 2878:Lists 2777:about 2735:Note: 2379:(see 2009:Note: 1899:Polls 1732:above 1637:cited 973:also. 632:Islam 577:Korea 572:Japan 557:India 542:Egypt 464:Music 376:Legal 369:Legal 332:Lists 325:Lists 272:Icons 47:This 16:< 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