1048:. 802.11ax addresses frequency bands between 1 GHz and 6 GHz. Therefore, unlike 802.11ac, 802.11ax also operates in the unlicensed 2.4 GHz band. Wi-Fi 6E introduces operation at frequencies of or near 6 GHz, and superwide channels that are 160 MHz wide, the frequency ranges these channels can occupy and the number of these channels depends on the country the Wi-Fi 6 network operates in. To meet the goal of supporting dense 802.11 deployments, the following features have been approved.
1134:, with MU-MIMO the devices are separated to different spatial streams. In 802.11ax, MU-MIMO and OFDMA technologies can be used simultaneously. To enable uplink MU transmissions, the AP transmits a new control frame (Trigger) which contains scheduling information (RUs allocations for stations, modulation and coding scheme (MCS) that shall be used for each station). Furthermore, Trigger also provides synchronization for an uplink transmission, since the transmission starts
25:
1027:, 802.11ax needs four times as many subcarriers as 802.11ac. Specifically, for 20, 40, 80, and 160 MHz channels, the 802.11ac standard has, respectively, 64, 128, 256 and 512 subcarriers while the 802.11ax standard has 256, 512, 1024, and 2048 subcarriers. Since the available bandwidths have not changed and the number of subcarriers increases by a factor of four, the
1178:
the wireless medium is permissible. A station is allowed to consider the wireless medium as idle and start a new transmission even if the detected signal level from a neighboring network exceeds legacy signal detection threshold, provided that the transmit power for the new transmission is appropriately decreased.
1177:
Without spatial reuse capabilities devices refuse transmitting concurrently to transmissions ongoing in other, neighboring networks. With basic service set coloring (BSS coloring), a wireless transmission is marked at its very beginning, helping surrounding devices to decide if a simultaneous use of
1154:
In
Trigger frame, the AP specifies scheduling information about subsequent UL MU transmission. However, several RUs can be assigned for random access. Stations which are not assigned RUs directly can perform transmissions within RUs assigned for random access. To reduce collision probability (i.e.
1198:
value set by a frame originated from one network may be easily reset by a frame originated from another network, which leads to misbehavior and collisions. To avoid this, each 802.11ax station will maintain two separate NAVs โ one NAV is modified by frames originated from a network the station is
3568:
IEEE Standard for
Information Technology- Telecommunications and Information Exchange Between Systems- Local and Metropolitan Area Networks- Specific Requirements Part Ii: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications. (n.d.). doi:10.1109/ieeestd.2003.94282
1235:
With static fragmentation, all fragments of a data packet are of equal size, except for the last fragment. With dynamic fragmentation, a device may fill available RUs of other opportunities to transmit up to the available maximum duration. Thus, dynamic fragmentation helps reduce overhead.
408:-per-area) in crowded places like offices and malls. Though the nominal data rate is only 37% better than 802.11ac, the total network speed increases by 300%, making it more efficient and reducing latency by 75%. The quadrupling of overall throughput is made possible by a higher
1173:
Coloring enables devices to differentiate transmissions in their own network from transmissions in neighboring networks. Adaptive power and sensitivity thresholds allows dynamically adjusting transmit power and signal detection threshold to increase spatial reuse.
1095:. A central coordinating entity (the AP in 802.11ax) assigns RUs for reception or transmission to associated stations. Through the central scheduling of the RUs, contention overhead can be avoided, which increases efficiency in scenarios of dense deployments.
1080:
Centrally controlled medium access with dynamic assignment of 26, 52, 106, 242(?), 484(?), or 996(?) tones per station. Each tone consists of a single subcarrier of 78.125 kHz bandwidth. Therefore, bandwidth occupied by a single
1221:. It allows devices to wake up at other periods than the beacon transmission period. Furthermore, the AP may group devices to different TWT periods, thereby reducing the number of devices contending simultaneously for the wireless medium.
1159:
for transmission), the 802.11ax amendment specifies special OFDMA back-off procedure. Random access is favorable for transmitting buffer status reports when the AP has no information about pending UL traffic at a station.
1031:
is reduced by the same factor. This introduces OFDM symbols that are four times longer: in 802.11ac, an OFDM symbol takes 3.2 microseconds to transmit. In 802.11ax, it takes 12.8 microseconds (both without
1002:, while transmitting information simultaneously. By doing so, the interference between clients is reduced, and the overall throughput is increased, since multiple clients can receive data simultaneously.
1019:
in the available spectrum. By doing so, an 80 MHz channel can be split into multiple
Resource Units, so that multiple clients receive different types of data over the same spectrum, simultaneously.
3137:
450:
The 802.11ax standard was approved on
September 1, 2020, with Draft 8 getting 95% approval. Subsequently, on February 1, 2021, the standard received official endorsement from the IEEE Standards Board.
2811:
extended operation of 802.11a to the licensed 3.7 GHz band. Increased power limits allow a range up to 5,000 m. As of 2009, it is only being licensed in the United States by the
1267:
Since the subcarrier spacing is reduced by a factor of four, the OFDM symbol duration is increased by a factor of four as well. Extended symbol durations allow for increased efficiency.
3951:
2877:
has become available for 802.11ax, these may decrease. Also, these theoretical values depend on the link distance, whether the link is line-of-sight or not, interferences and the
1309:
Wi-Fi 6E is the industry name that identifies Wi-Fi devices that operate in 6 GHz. Wi-Fi 6E offers the features and capabilities of Wi-Fi 6 extended into the 6 GHz band.
4248:
3406:
3790:
3297:
3052:
Giordano, Lorenzo; Geraci, Giovanni; Carrascosa, Marc; Bellalta, Boris (November 21, 2023). "What Will Wi-Fi 8 Be? A Primer on IEEE 802.11bn Ultra High
Reliability".
3107:
3129:
3379:
3678:
2901:
to 3.2 microseconds, in order to support
Outdoor communications, where the maximum possible propagation delay is larger compared to Indoor environments.
3772:
1357:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5143:
43:
2115:
1649:
1126:
an AP may transmit concurrently to multiple stations and with uplink MU-MIMO an AP may simultaneously receive from multiple stations. Whereas
4412:
3959:
1070:
1012:
416:
389:). It operates in the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands, with an extended version, Wi-Fi 6E, that adds the 6 GHz band. It is an upgrade from Wi-Fi 5 (
4455:
97:
5223:
2754:
2715:
2684:
2653:
2622:
2352:
2297:
1576:
3893:
3600:
3320:
5089:
4830:
4825:
4815:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4705:
3622:
3533:
3988:
1253:
Extended guard interval durations allow for better protection against signal delay spread as it occurs in outdoor environments.
1350:
3794:
3442:
3284:
3099:
5259:
5249:
4098:
3730:
439:
for faster speeds. There are also reliability improvements such as lower power consumption and security protocols like
3894:
Evgeny Khorov, Anton
Kiryanov, Andrey Lyakhov, Giuseppe Bianchi. 'A Tutorial on IEEE 802.11ax High Efficiency WLANs',
3217:
4524:
4043:
2812:
1488:
1343:
1300:
802.11ac only specifies operation in the 5 GHz band. Operation in the 2.4 GHz band is specified by 802.11n.
61:
3857:
3582:
427:. This brings better spectrum use, improved power control to avoid interference, and enhancements like 1024‑
3836:
4223:
3744:
2750:
2711:
2680:
2649:
2618:
2494:
1483:
1006:
428:
90:
4505:
3074:
3372:
2845:; standard guard interval is ~10% slower. Rates vary widely based on distance, obstructions, and interference.
4480:
2947:
3485:
4460:
3981:
2989:
2734:
2490:
1949:
3420:
1109:
4889:
4450:
4153:
4068:
4048:
1116:
5292:
4021:
3997:
2787:
This is obsolete, and support for this might be subject to removal in a future revision of the standard
83:
3713:
4859:
4058:
3552:
The
Physical Layer of the IEEE 802.11p WAVE Communication Standard: The Specifications and Challenges
3550:
3463:
2580:
2559:
1527:
1463:
1183:
144:
4293:
3773:"IEEE 802.11ay: 1st real standard for Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) via mmWave โ Technology Blog"
1418:
398:
5297:
4158:
4148:
4128:
3974:
3819:
2510:
4470:
4031:
1135:
397:
between 1 and 7.125 GHz, including the commonly used 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz, as well as the broader
1204:
440:
5264:
4387:
4123:
393:), with improvements for better performance in crowded places. Wi-Fi 6 covers frequencies in
5318:
4530:
4278:
4208:
3608:
3159:
2406:
1151:
Allows performing UL OFDMA transmissions by stations which are not allocated RUs directly.
999:
995:
3745:"An Overview of China Millimeter-Wave Multiple Gigabit Wireless Local Area Network System"
3347:
2058:
1199:
associated with, the other NAV is modified by frames originated from overlapped networks.
8:
3633:
3026:
2047:
1401:
409:
3512:
Banerji, Sourangsu; Chowdhury, Rahul Singha. "On IEEE 802.11: Wireless LAN Technology".
4288:
3938:
3920:
3513:
3053:
1765:
1760:
1028:
271:
250:
969:
MCS 9 is not applicable to all combinations of channel width and spatial stream count.
4961:
4956:
4936:
4920:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4884:
4879:
4869:
4864:
4500:
4370:
4330:
3486:"Wi-Fi CERTIFIED n: Longer-Range, Faster-Throughput, Multimedia-Grade Wi-Fi Networks"
2878:
2808:
1706:
1701:
1676:
1609:
1589:
1544:
1507:
229:
213:
190:
167:
3942:
4854:
4520:
3930:
3901:
3872:
3752:
3660:
3263:
3002:
420:
4283:
3757:
3695:
3664:
3188:
1100:
991:
39:
3876:
5138:
4268:
4263:
4183:
4133:
3905:
3651:
3494:
3441:
Porat, Ron; Fischer, Matthew; Venkateswaran, Sriram; et al. (2015-01-12).
3268:
3251:
3195:
3166:
2984:
2898:
2894:
2870:
2842:
1660:
1639:
1241:
1033:
394:
382:
5312:
5244:
5188:
5183:
5178:
5128:
5123:
5118:
5108:
5084:
5060:
5048:
5037:
5026:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4986:
4975:
4465:
4445:
4298:
4273:
4203:
4093:
4038:
3934:
3006:
2500:
2440:
2398:
2320:
2269:
2223:
2173:
2145:
2042:
1933:
1840:
1156:
1092:
1016:
326:
321:
302:
3250:
Khorov, Evgeny; Kiryanov, Anton; Lyakhov, Andrey; Bianchi, Giuseppe (2019).
5228:
5218:
4966:
4951:
4946:
4941:
4931:
4874:
4515:
4510:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4435:
1628:
5100:
4840:
4594:
4475:
4440:
4430:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4375:
4360:
3583:"Wi-Fi Capacity Analysis for 802.11ac and 802.11n: Theory & Practice"
1366:
76:
3952:"Deloitte: Don't rule out Wi-Fi 6 as a next-generation wireless network"
3348:"IEEE 802.11, The Working Group Setting the Standards for Wireless LANs"
1085:
transmission is between 2.03125 MHz and ca. 80 MHz bandwidth.
5213:
5208:
4540:
4422:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4325:
3714:"Understanding IEEE 802.11ad Physical Layer and Measurement Challenges"
405:
2897:
is 0.8 microseconds. However, 802.11ax extended the maximum available
998:
technique. MU-MIMO allows the access point to form beams towards each
5274:
5254:
5112:
4365:
4258:
4253:
4238:
4228:
4218:
4198:
4193:
4178:
4168:
4163:
4143:
4138:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4088:
4053:
3534:"The complete family of wireless LAN standards: 802.11 a, b, g, j, n"
2422:
1727:
1127:
1088:
1082:
4545:
4317:
4308:
4026:
4016:
4011:
3925:
3058:
2547:
1325:, is the ratio of the total network throughput to the network area.
1218:
1057:
1045:
390:
287:
3518:
5269:
5065:
4980:
4925:
4820:
4785:
4760:
4735:
4730:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4684:
4678:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4657:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4630:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4554:
4188:
4173:
3966:
2088:
1973:
1938:
1873:
1788:
436:
297:
245:
3911:
Bellalta, Boris (2015). "IEEE 802.11ax: High-Efficiency WLANs".
3075:"Wi-Fi Now Has Version Numbers, and Wi-Fi 6 Comes Out Next Year"
3051:
5132:
4604:
4599:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4233:
4063:
3440:
4990:
4845:
4380:
4243:
4083:
3325:
2874:
2479:
2162:
1976:
1876:
1024:
3249:
1214:
TWT reduces power consumption and medium access contention.
1044:
The 802.11ax amendment brings several key improvements over
4213:
4078:
4073:
3858:"IEEE 802.11ah: A Long Range 802.11 WLAN at Sub 1 GHz"
3558:. World Congress on Engineering and Computer Science. 2014.
3292:
2998:
2553:
2533:
2264:
2091:
1791:
1410:
1405:
1322:
1005:
With 802.11ax, a similar multiplexing is introduced in the
444:
432:
386:
378:
3684:. Rohde & Schwarz GmbH. November 21, 2013. p. 14.
2315:
1123:
3222:
3218:"FCC Opens 6 GHz Band to Wi-Fi and Other Unlicensed Uses"
2965:
2387:
2096:
1981:
1881:
1796:
1732:
1015:. With OFDMA, multiple clients are assigned to different
2393:
1392:
3820:"802.11 Alternate PHYs A whitepaper by Ayman Mukaddam"
3679:"802.11ad - WLAN at 60 GHz: A Technology Introduction"
3464:"Official IEEE 802.11 working group project timelines"
3456:
3321:"Next-generation 802.11ax wi-fi: Dense, fast, delayed"
3100:"The Most Common Wi-Fi Standards and Types, Explained"
1415:
1281:
802.11ac falls back to 802.11n for the 2.4 GHz band.
3434:
1155:
situation when two or more stations select the same
3252:"A Tutorial on IEEE 802.11ax High Efficiency WLANs"
1398:
34:
may be too technical for most readers to understand
3650:
3484:
3898:, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 197โ216, First quarter 2019
3210:
2168:
1927:
1195:
5310:
2918:
2916:
2873:which is 0.8 microseconds. Since multi-user via
2804:
2802:
1943:
1855:
1770:
1711:
364:They do not exist in the official nomenclature.
2889:
2887:
2865:
2863:
2861:
2859:
2857:
2855:
2853:
2851:
2982:
2837:
2835:
2833:
2831:
2829:
2827:
2825:
2823:
2821:
2037:
1932:
1839:
1759:
3982:
2948:"MCS table (updated with 80211ax data rates)"
2913:
2869:For single-user cases only, based on default
2799:
1351:
91:
3829:
3623:"IEEE 802.11ac: What Does it Mean for Test?"
3245:
3243:
3241:
3152:
2884:
2848:
2485:
1754:
1572:
3896:IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials
3256:IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials
3072:
2818:
2783:
2781:
2779:
2777:
2775:
2773:
2771:
1395:
990:In 802.11ac (802.11's previous amendment),
3989:
3975:
3652:"IEEE Standard for Information Technology"
3592:
3370:
3364:
3282:
2985:"Future Directions for Wi-Fi 8 and Beyond"
1358:
1344:
1091:segregates the spectrum in time-frequency
98:
84:
3924:
3756:
3615:
3577:
3575:
3517:
3507:
3505:
3407:"Wi-Fi CERTIFIED 6 | Wi-Fi Alliance"
3267:
3238:
3057:
1670:
1303:
1294:
1039:
415:802.11ax Wi-Fi has a main feature called
62:Learn how and when to remove this message
46:, without removing the technical details.
3910:
3599:Belanger, Phil; Biba, Ken (2007-05-31).
3318:
3312:
3097:
2768:
404:This standard aims to boost data speed (
275:
2983:Reshef, Ehud; Cordeiro, Carlos (2023).
2725:
2694:
2663:
2632:
2601:
2253:carrier, low-power single carrier
2212:carrier, low-power single carrier
1834:
1695:
278:
197:
5311:
3814:
3812:
3737:
3572:
3502:
2790:
1502:
1131:
3970:
3949:
3793:. IEEE. pp. 2, 3. Archived from
3140:from the original on 11 November 2021
3110:from the original on 11 November 2021
3045:
2598:
2110:
44:make it understandable to non-experts
3749:IEICE Transactions on Communications
3189:"Wi-Fi 6E expands Wi-Fiยฎ into 6 GHz"
2728:
2697:
2666:
2635:
2604:
2563:
2504:
2444:
2402:
2324:
2273:
2227:
2177:
2119:
2052:
1680:
1653:
1632:
1613:
1593:
1548:
1511:
1467:
18:
3950:Shein, Esther (November 30, 2021).
3809:
3319:Goodwins, Rupert (3 October 2018).
3283:Aboul-Magd, Osama (17 March 2014).
3276:
3098:Phillips, Gavin (18 January 2021).
2904:
1419:
362:are named by retroactive inference.
13:
3996:
3696:"Connect802 - 802.11ac Discussion"
3181:
2499:
2439:
2397:
2319:
2268:
2222:
2172:
2114:
2041:
14:
5330:
3887:
3300:from the original on 7 April 2014
3073:Kastrenakes, Jacob (2018-10-03).
2435:
1130:separates receivers to different
3371:Aboul-Magd, Osama (2014-01-24).
3160:"Generational Wi-Fiยฎ User Guide"
2966:"Understanding Wi-Fi 4/5/6/6E/7"
2575:
2528:
2245:
2201:
2141:
1523:
1479:
23:
3850:
3783:
3765:
3723:
3706:
3688:
3671:
3643:
3601:"802.11n Delivers Better Range"
3562:
3543:
3526:
3477:
3413:
3399:
3385:from the original on 2014-10-10
3340:
3122:
1406:
1312:
1194:In dense deployment scenarios,
972:
963:
3865:Journal of ICT Standardization
3632:. October 2013. Archived from
3443:"Payload Symbol Size for 11ax"
3091:
3066:
3019:
2976:
2958:
2940:
2910:Wake-up Radio (WUR) Operation.
2881:components in the environment.
1623:5,000 m (16,000 ft)
1566:divide by 2 and 4 for 10 and 5
1217:TWT is a concept developed in
459:Modulation and coding schemes
1:
3751:. E101.B (2): 262โ276. 2018.
2933:
1665:1,000 m (3,300 ft)
1644:1,000 m (3,300 ft)
1332:
3913:IEEE Wireless Communications
3758:10.1587/transcom.2017ISI0004
3665:10.1109/IEEESTD.2018.8345727
3285:"802.11 HEW SG Proposed PAR"
3130:"Wi-Fi Generation Numbering"
2990:IEEE Communications Magazine
1558:6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 54
1143:Trigger-based Random Access
330:
306:
254:
233:
217:
194:
171:
148:
16:Wireless networking standard
7:
3877:10.13052/jicts2245-800X.115
3421:"Wi-Fi 6E and 6 GHz Update"
994:was introduced, which is a
453:
338:
333:
315:
309:
291:
281:
260:
257:
239:
236:
220:
200:
177:
174:
154:
151:
10:
5335:
5293:IEEE Standards Association
3906:10.1109/COMST.2018.2871099
3839:. IEEE P802.11. 2012-07-10
3269:10.1109/COMST.2018.2871099
2764:
2593:
1449:
1339:
1138:after the end of Trigger.
1115:Available in Downlink and
5283:
5237:
5201:
5099:
4839:
4539:
4421:
4316:
4307:
4004:
2475:
2421:
2385:
2167:
2158:
1990:120 m (390 ft)
1989:
1986:
1970:
1967:
1954:
1926:
1890:120 m (390 ft)
1889:
1886:
1870:
1867:
1858:
1833:
1804:
1801:
1785:
1782:
1773:
1753:
1741:250 m (820 ft)
1740:
1737:
1726:
1723:
1714:
1700:
1694:
1690:140 m (460 ft)
1584:120 m (390 ft)
1575:
1557:
1554:
1540:
1536:140 m (460 ft)
1497:100 m (330 ft)
1429:
1426:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1374:
1064:
1061:
1056:
503:
498:
495:
492:
489:
484:
479:
474:
469:
463:
385:, for wireless networks (
343:
270:
3935:10.1109/MWC.2016.7422404
3871:(1): 83โ108. July 2013.
3731:"802.11aj Press Release"
3007:10.1109/MCOM.003.2200037
2796:For Japanese regulation.
2594:802.11 Standard rollups
2215:3.3 m (11 ft)
1802:35 m (115 ft)
1738:70 m (230 ft)
1687:38 m (125 ft)
1581:35 m (115 ft)
1533:35 m (115 ft)
1287:
1250:0.8, 1.6 or 3.2 ฮผs
1165:Spatial frequency reuse
1053:
985:
5298:Category:IEEE standards
3791:"P802.11 Wireless LANs"
2922:For Chinese regulation.
2695:802.11-2020 (802.11md)
2664:802.11-2016 (802.11mc)
2633:802.11-2012 (802.11mb)
2602:802.11-2007 (802.11ma)
1987:30 m (98 ft)
1887:30 m (98 ft)
1494:20 m (66 ft)
3657:IEEE Std 802.11aj-2018
1205:Target Wake Time (TWT)
1040:Technical improvements
2745:Up to 9608 or 303336
2706:Up to 866.7 or 6757
2675:Up to 866.7 or 6757
2148:(multi-carrier OOK)
1093:resource units (RUs)
996:spatial multiplexing
504:Guard Interval (ยตs)
485:Channel width (MHz)
395:license-exempt bands
3837:"TGaf PHY proposal"
3777:techblog.comsoc.org
3394:2 page PDF download
1319:Throughput-per-area
1247:0.4 or 0.8 ฮผs
978:Per spatial stream.
480:Data rate (Mbit/s)
460:
410:spectral efficiency
106:
3700:www.connect802.com
3466:. January 26, 2017
3027:"What is Wi-Fi 8?"
2952:semfionetworks.com
1029:subcarrier spacing
458:
381:standard from the
74:
5306:
5305:
5197:
5196:
3498:. September 2009.
3104:MUO - Make Use Of
2931:
2930:
2809:IEEE 802.11y-2008
1369:network standards
1285:
1284:
1122:With downlink MU-
954:
953:
419:, similar to how
368:
367:
72:
71:
64:
5326:
4314:
4313:
3991:
3984:
3977:
3968:
3967:
3963:
3958:. Archived from
3946:
3928:
3881:
3880:
3862:
3854:
3848:
3847:
3845:
3844:
3833:
3827:
3826:
3824:
3816:
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3806:
3804:
3802:
3787:
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3769:
3763:
3762:
3760:
3741:
3735:
3734:
3727:
3721:
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3718:
3710:
3704:
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3692:
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3683:
3675:
3669:
3668:
3654:
3647:
3641:
3640:
3638:
3627:
3619:
3613:
3612:
3607:. Archived from
3596:
3590:
3589:
3587:
3579:
3570:
3566:
3560:
3559:
3557:
3547:
3541:
3540:
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3491:
3488:
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3450:
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3417:
3411:
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3397:
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3391:
3390:
3384:
3377:
3368:
3362:
3361:
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3344:
3338:
3337:
3335:
3333:
3316:
3310:
3309:
3307:
3305:
3289:
3280:
3274:
3273:
3271:
3247:
3236:
3235:
3233:
3231:
3214:
3208:
3207:
3205:
3203:
3193:
3185:
3179:
3178:
3176:
3174:
3164:
3156:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3145:
3134:ElectronicsNotes
3126:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3115:
3095:
3089:
3088:
3086:
3085:
3070:
3064:
3063:
3061:
3049:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3038:
3033:. March 25, 2023
3031:everythingrf.com
3023:
3017:
3016:
3014:
3013:
2980:
2974:
2973:
2962:
2956:
2955:
2944:
2923:
2920:
2911:
2908:
2902:
2891:
2882:
2867:
2846:
2839:
2816:
2806:
2797:
2794:
2788:
2785:
2525:
2487:
2461:
2437:
2395:
2380:
2376:
2369:
2365:
2358:
2345:
2336:
2317:
2303:
2290:
2266:
2252:
2242:
2211:
2198:
2189:
2170:
2138:
2134:
2112:
2079:
2039:
2031:
2017:
2003:
1964:
1929:
1921:
1909:
1836:
1756:
1697:
1672:
1569:
1563:
1504:
1453:
1444:
1421:
1408:
1393:Frequency
1360:
1353:
1346:
1337:
1336:
1326:
1321:, as defined by
1316:
1310:
1307:
1301:
1298:
1272:Frequency bands
1258:Symbol duration
1197:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1104:
1101:Multi-user MIMO
1090:
1084:
1051:
1050:
1008:frequency domain
979:
976:
970:
967:
461:
457:
441:Target Wake Time
426:
336:
313:
107:
100:
93:
86:
73:
67:
60:
56:
53:
47:
27:
26:
19:
5334:
5333:
5329:
5328:
5327:
5325:
5324:
5323:
5309:
5308:
5307:
5302:
5279:
5233:
5193:
5095:
4843:
4835:
4543:
4535:
4417:
4303:
4000:
3995:
3890:
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3856:
3855:
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3729:
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3649:
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3644:
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3625:
3621:
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3616:
3598:
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3593:
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3573:
3567:
3563:
3555:
3549:
3548:
3544:
3536:
3532:
3531:
3527:
3511:
3510:
3503:
3489:
3483:
3482:
3478:
3469:
3467:
3462:
3461:
3457:
3448:
3446:
3439:
3435:
3423:
3419:
3418:
3414:
3405:
3404:
3400:
3388:
3386:
3382:
3375:
3369:
3365:
3356:
3354:
3352:www.ieee802.org
3346:
3345:
3341:
3331:
3329:
3317:
3313:
3303:
3301:
3287:
3281:
3277:
3248:
3239:
3229:
3227:
3226:. 24 April 2020
3216:
3215:
3211:
3201:
3199:
3191:
3187:
3186:
3182:
3172:
3170:
3162:
3158:
3157:
3153:
3143:
3141:
3128:
3127:
3123:
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3096:
3092:
3083:
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3071:
3067:
3050:
3046:
3036:
3034:
3025:
3024:
3020:
3011:
3009:
2981:
2977:
2964:
2963:
2959:
2946:
2945:
2941:
2936:
2927:
2926:
2921:
2914:
2909:
2905:
2892:
2885:
2868:
2849:
2841:Based on short
2840:
2819:
2807:
2800:
2795:
2791:
2786:
2769:
2732:
2551:
2523:
2508:
2488:
2477:
2459:
2457:
2449:
2408:
2378:
2374:
2367:
2363:
2356:
2343:
2341:
2334:
2332:
2301:
2288:
2286:
2281:
2250:
2240:
2238:
2209:
2196:
2194:
2187:
2185:
2160:
2136:
2132:
2130:
2094:
2087:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2065:
2056:
2045:
2029:
2024:
2015:
2010:
2001:
1996:
1979:
1972:
1962:
1947:
1936:
1919:
1907:
1879:
1872:
1849:
1843:
1794:
1787:
1763:
1730:
1704:
1598:
1567:
1565:
1561:
1559:
1549:September 1999
1512:September 1999
1451:
1442:
1409:
1400:
1389:
1378:
1376:
1370:
1364:
1335:
1330:
1329:
1317:
1313:
1308:
1304:
1299:
1295:
1290:
1102:
1042:
1034:guard intervals
992:multi-user MIMO
988:
983:
982:
977:
973:
968:
964:
476:
471:
467:
465:
456:
424:
421:cell technology
399:6 GHz band
363:
334:
311:
131:
129:
124:
122:
114:
105:
104:
68:
57:
51:
48:
40:help improve it
37:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5332:
5322:
5321:
5304:
5303:
5301:
5300:
5295:
5290:
5284:
5281:
5280:
5278:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5241:
5239:
5235:
5234:
5232:
5231:
5226:
5221:
5216:
5211:
5205:
5203:
5199:
5198:
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5192:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5176:
5171:
5166:
5161:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5126:
5121:
5116:
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5097:
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5078:
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5069:
5057:
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5017:
5012:
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5002:
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4994:
4984:
4972:
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4917:
4912:
4907:
4902:
4897:
4892:
4887:
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4877:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4851:
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4837:
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4834:
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4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
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4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
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4557:
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4549:
4537:
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4534:
4533:
4528:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
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4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4427:
4425:
4419:
4418:
4416:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4384:
4383:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4322:
4320:
4311:
4305:
4304:
4302:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4035:
4034:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4008:
4006:
4002:
4001:
3998:IEEE standards
3994:
3993:
3986:
3979:
3971:
3965:
3964:
3962:on 2022-01-19.
3947:
3908:
3889:
3888:External links
3886:
3883:
3882:
3849:
3828:
3808:
3782:
3764:
3736:
3722:
3705:
3687:
3670:
3659:. April 2018.
3642:
3639:on 2014-08-16.
3614:
3611:on 2008-11-24.
3591:
3571:
3561:
3542:
3525:
3501:
3495:Wi-Fi Alliance
3476:
3455:
3445:. IEEE P802.11
3433:
3412:
3398:
3363:
3339:
3311:
3275:
3262:(1): 197โ216.
3237:
3209:
3198:. January 2021
3196:Wi-Fi Alliance
3180:
3169:. October 2018
3167:Wi-Fi Alliance
3151:
3121:
3090:
3065:
3044:
3018:
2975:
2957:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2929:
2928:
2925:
2924:
2912:
2903:
2899:guard interval
2895:guard interval
2883:
2871:guard interval
2847:
2843:guard interval
2817:
2798:
2789:
2766:
2765:
2762:
2761:
2759:
2757:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2740:2.4, 5, 6, 60
2738:
2730:September 2024
2727:
2723:
2722:
2720:
2718:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2698:December 2020
2696:
2692:
2691:
2689:
2687:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2667:December 2016
2665:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
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2630:
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2600:
2596:
2595:
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2590:
2587:
2584:
2577:
2574:
2571:
2568:
2565:
2562:
2557:
2543:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2530:
2527:
2520:
2517:
2514:
2503:
2498:
2483:
2473:
2472:
2469:
2466:
2463:
2454:
2451:
2446:
2443:
2438:
2432:
2431:
2428:
2425:
2420:
2417:
2414:
2411:
2404:
2403:February 2014
2401:
2396:
2391:
2383:
2382:
2371:
2360:
2350:
2347:
2338:
2329:
2326:
2323:
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2311:
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2260:
2257:
2254:
2247:
2244:
2235:
2232:
2229:
2226:
2220:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2203:
2200:
2191:
2182:
2179:
2178:December 2012
2176:
2171:
2166:
2156:
2155:
2152:
2149:
2143:
2140:
2127:
2124:
2121:
2118:
2113:
2107:
2106:
2103:
2100:
2084:
2081:
2070:
2067:
2062:
2051:
2040:
2034:
2033:
2026:
2020:
2019:
2012:
2006:
2005:
1998:
1992:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1969:
1966:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1942:
1931:
1924:
1923:
1916:
1912:
1911:
1904:
1900:
1899:
1896:
1892:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1838:
1831:
1830:
1827:
1823:
1822:
1819:
1815:
1814:
1811:
1807:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1771:December 2013
1769:
1758:
1751:
1750:
1747:
1743:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1725:
1722:
1719:
1716:
1713:
1710:
1699:
1692:
1691:
1688:
1685:
1682:
1679:
1674:
1667:
1666:
1663:
1658:
1655:
1654:December 2022
1652:
1646:
1645:
1642:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1625:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1614:November 2008
1612:
1606:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1595:
1594:November 2004
1592:
1586:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1574:
1571:
1564:MHz bandwidth,
1556:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1542:
1538:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1525:
1522:
1521:1, 2, 5.5, 11
1519:
1516:
1513:
1510:
1505:
1499:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1461:
1455:
1447:
1446:
1439:
1436:
1432:
1431:
1430:Outdoor
1428:
1424:
1423:
1417:
1414:
1404:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1372:
1371:
1365:
1363:
1362:
1355:
1348:
1340:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1311:
1302:
1292:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1282:
1279:
1278:2.4 and 5 GHz
1276:
1273:
1269:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1255:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1242:Guard interval
1238:
1237:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1226:Fragmentation
1223:
1222:
1215:
1212:
1207:
1201:
1200:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1180:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1166:
1162:
1161:
1152:
1149:
1144:
1140:
1139:
1120:
1113:
1106:
1097:
1096:
1086:
1078:
1073:
1067:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1055:
1041:
1038:
1017:Resource Units
987:
984:
981:
980:
971:
961:
960:
952:
951:
948:
945:
942:
939:
936:
933:
930:
927:
924:
921:
917:
916:
913:
910:
907:
904:
901:
898:
895:
892:
889:
886:
882:
881:
878:
875:
872:
869:
866:
863:
860:
857:
854:
851:
847:
846:
843:
840:
837:
834:
831:
828:
825:
822:
819:
816:
812:
811:
808:
805:
802:
799:
796:
793:
790:
787:
784:
781:
777:
776:
773:
770:
767:
764:
761:
758:
755:
752:
749:
746:
742:
741:
738:
735:
732:
729:
726:
723:
720:
717:
714:
711:
707:
706:
703:
700:
697:
694:
691:
688:
685:
682:
679:
676:
672:
671:
668:
665:
662:
659:
656:
653:
650:
647:
644:
641:
637:
636:
633:
630:
627:
624:
621:
618:
615:
612:
609:
606:
602:
601:
598:
595:
592:
589:
586:
583:
580:
577:
574:
571:
567:
566:
563:
560:
557:
554:
551:
548:
545:
542:
539:
536:
532:
531:
528:
525:
522:
519:
516:
513:
510:
506:
505:
501:
500:
497:
494:
491:
487:
486:
482:
481:
478:
473:
468:
455:
452:
383:Wi-Fi Alliance
366:
365:
341:
340:
337:
332:
331:expected 2028
329:
324:
318:
317:
314:
308:
307:expected 2024
305:
300:
294:
293:
290:
284:
283:
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4381:WiMAX ยท d ยท e
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3813:
3797:on 2017-12-06
3796:
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3437:
3430:. 2021-03-11.
3429:
3428:www.wi-fi.org
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2507:
2506:December 2023
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2183:
2180:
2175:
2164:
2157:
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2150:
2147:
2144:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2120:October 2021
2117:
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2098:
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2068:
2063:
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2027:
2022:
2021:
2013:
2008:
2007:
1999:
1994:
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1983:
1978:
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1960:
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1946:
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1744:
1734:
1729:
1720:
1717:
1712:October 2009
1708:
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1473:
1470:
1465:
1462:
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1456:
1448:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1427:Indoor
1425:
1412:
1403:
1373:
1368:
1361:
1356:
1354:
1349:
1347:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1324:
1320:
1315:
1306:
1297:
1293:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1270:
1266:
1264:12.8 ฮผs
1263:
1260:
1257:
1256:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1210:not available
1208:
1206:
1203:
1202:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1176:
1172:
1170:
1169:not available
1167:
1164:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1147:not available
1145:
1142:
1141:
1137:
1121:
1118:
1114:
1111:
1108:Available in
1107:
1105:
1099:
1098:
1094:
1087:
1079:
1077:
1076:not available
1074:
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1069:
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1021:
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975:
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922:
919:
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914:
911:
908:
905:
902:
899:
896:
893:
890:
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884:
883:
879:
876:
873:
870:
867:
864:
861:
858:
855:
852:
849:
848:
844:
841:
838:
835:
832:
829:
826:
823:
820:
817:
814:
813:
809:
806:
803:
800:
797:
794:
791:
788:
785:
782:
779:
778:
774:
771:
768:
765:
762:
759:
756:
753:
750:
747:
744:
743:
739:
736:
733:
730:
727:
724:
721:
718:
715:
712:
709:
708:
704:
701:
698:
695:
692:
689:
686:
683:
680:
677:
674:
673:
669:
666:
663:
660:
657:
654:
651:
648:
645:
642:
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631:
628:
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619:
616:
613:
610:
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604:
603:
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593:
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584:
581:
578:
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569:
568:
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561:
558:
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488:
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462:
451:
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438:
434:
430:
422:
418:
413:
411:
407:
402:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
375:IEEE 802.11ax
372:
361:
357:
353:
349:
346:
342:
328:
325:
323:
320:
319:
304:
301:
299:
296:
295:
289:
286:
285:
273:
268:
265:
264:
252:
249:
247:
244:
243:
231:
228:
225:
224:
215:
212:
209:
205:
204:
192:
189:
186:
182:
181:
169:
166:
163:
159:
158:
146:
143:
140:
136:
135:
127:
120:
117:
112:
109:
108:
101:
96:
94:
89:
87:
82:
81:
78:
66:
63:
55:
45:
41:
35:
32:This article
30:
21:
20:
5287:
5083:
5059:
5031:
5025:
4974:
4919:
4683:
4656:
4629:
3960:the original
3956:TechRepublic
3955:
3916:
3912:
3895:
3868:
3864:
3852:
3841:. Retrieved
3831:
3799:. Retrieved
3795:the original
3785:
3776:
3767:
3748:
3739:
3725:
3708:
3699:
3690:
3673:
3656:
3645:
3634:the original
3629:
3617:
3609:the original
3605:Wi-Fi Planet
3604:
3594:
3564:
3551:
3545:
3528:
3493:
3479:
3468:. Retrieved
3458:
3447:. Retrieved
3436:
3427:
3415:
3401:
3393:
3387:. Retrieved
3366:
3355:. Retrieved
3351:
3342:
3330:. Retrieved
3324:
3314:
3302:. Retrieved
3291:
3278:
3259:
3255:
3228:. Retrieved
3221:
3212:
3200:. Retrieved
3183:
3171:. Retrieved
3154:
3142:. Retrieved
3133:
3124:
3112:. Retrieved
3103:
3093:
3082:. Retrieved
3078:
3068:
3047:
3035:. Retrieved
3030:
3021:
3010:. Retrieved
2994:
2988:
2978:
2969:
2960:
2951:
2942:
2906:
2893:The default
2792:
2729:
2579:
2546:
2516:800โ1000 nm
2505:
2416:Up to 568.9
2340:Up to 303336
2205:
2129:0.0625, 0.25
2053:
1944:
1850:
1845:
1721:Up to 288.8
1487:
1458:
1318:
1314:
1305:
1296:
1261:3.2 ฮผs
1209:
1168:
1146:
1075:
1043:
1022:
1007:
1004:
989:
974:
965:
956:
955:
449:
414:
403:
374:
370:
369:
359:
355:
351:
347:
344:
266:
208:Wi-Fi 3
207:
185:Wi-Fi 2
184:
162:Wi-Fi 1
161:
139:Wi-Fi 0
138:
58:
49:
33:
5319:IEEE 802.11
4860:legacy mode
3378:. IEEE-SA.
3373:"P802.11ax"
3223:www.fcc.gov
3144:10 November
3037:January 21,
2701:2.4, 5, 60
2670:2.4, 5, 60
2636:March 2012
2605:March 2007
2567:850โ900 nm
2560:802.11-1997
2386:Sub 1 GHz (
2285:Up to 15015
2274:April 2018
2228:April 2018
2135:kbit/s, 250
2086:Multi-link
2066:42, 60, 71
2064:2.4, 5, 6,
1898:Up to 2294
1865:Up to 1147
1829:Up to 6933
1821:Up to 3467
1813:Up to 1600
1464:802.11-1997
1416:Modulation
1275:5 GHz only
1188:Single NAV
1023:To support
423:works with
110:Generation
79:generations
52:August 2023
5238:Superseded
4309:802 series
3926:1501.01496
3843:2013-12-29
3470:2017-02-12
3449:2017-01-14
3389:2017-01-14
3357:2022-01-07
3114:9 November
3084:2019-05-02
3059:2303.10442
3012:2024-05-21
2970:wiisfi.com
2934:References
2879:multi-path
2644:Up to 150
2564:June 1997
2456:Up to 8.67
2331:Up to 8640
2325:July 2021
2237:Up to 3754
2193:Up to 8085
2028:Up to 46.1
2025:(160+160)
1961:Up to 11.5
1955:2.4, 5, 6
1918:Up to 11.0
1859:2.4, 5, 6
1780:Up to 693
1749:Up to 600
1681:June 2003
1633:July 2010
1555:5, 10, 20
1468:June 1997
1396:Bandwidth
1375:Frequency
1333:Comparison
1191:Dual NAVs
1119:direction
1112:direction
470:Modulation
406:throughput
339:2.4, 5, 6
316:2.4, 5, 6
292:2.4, 5, 6
5113:Bluetooth
3919:: 38โ46.
3630:LitePoint
3519:1307.2661
3079:The Verge
2726:802.11me
2613:Up to 54
2522:Up to 9.6
2448:0.7, 0.8,
2445:May 2017
2423:MIMO-OFDM
2011:(160+80)
1906:Up to 5.5
1856:May 2021
1728:MIMO-OFDM
1402:data rate
1385:Protocol
1244:duration
1103:(MU-MIMO)
1062:802.11ax
279:0.4โ9608
258:6.5โ6933
130:frequency
123:link rate
115:standard
5313:Category
5288:See also
5245:754-1985
5202:Proposed
4546:Ethernet
4032:Revision
3943:15023432
3380:Archived
3332:23 March
3304:22 March
3298:Archived
3230:23 March
3202:22 March
3173:22 March
3138:Archived
3108:Archived
2501:802.11bb
2441:802.11ah
2413:6, 7, 8
2399:802.11af
2359:carrier
2355:, single
2346:Gbit/s)
2321:802.11ay
2304:carrier
2300:, single
2291:Gbit/s)
2270:802.11aj
2243:Gbit/s)
2224:802.11aj
2208:, single
2199:Gbit/s)
2174:802.11ad
2139:kbit/s)
2116:802.11ba
2080:Gbit/s)
2054:May 2028
2043:802.11bn
2014:Up to 35
2000:Up to 23
1997:(80+80)
1945:Sep 2024
1934:802.11be
1851:Wi-Fi 6E
1841:802.11ax
1761:802.11ac
1657:5.9, 60
1650:802.11bd
1597:4.9, 5.0
1413:streams
1388:Release
1379:or type
1232:Dynamic
1219:802.11ah
1110:Downlink
1065:Comment
1058:802.11ac
1054:Feature
1046:802.11ac
923:1024-QAM
888:1024-QAM
454:Rate set
391:802.11ac
377:, is an
327:802.11bn
303:802.11be
288:Wi-Fi 6E
272:802.11ax
251:802.11ac
237:6.5โ600
226:Wi-Fi 4
118:Adopted
5229:P1906.1
5090:Wi-Fi 8
5066:Wi-Fi 7
5032:Wi-Fi 6
4981:Wi-Fi 5
4926:Wi-Fi 4
4005:Current
2639:2.4, 5
2608:2.4, 5
2599:
2526:Gbit/s
2159:mmWave
2123:2.4, 5
2089:MU-MIMO
2074:100000
2048:Wi-Fi 8
2032:Gbit/s
2018:Gbit/s
2004:Gbit/s
1974:MU-MIMO
1965:Gbit/s
1939:Wi-Fi 7
1930:-OFDMA
1922:Gbit/s
1910:Gbit/s
1874:MU-MIMO
1846:Wi-Fi 6
1837:-OFDMA
1789:MU-MIMO
1766:Wi-Fi 5
1715:2.4, 5
1707:Wi-Fi 4
1702:802.11n
1677:802.11g
1629:802.11p
1610:802.11y
1590:802.11j
1560:(for 20
1545:802.11a
1530:, DSSS
1508:802.11b
1503:HR/DSSS
1420:Approx.
1377:range,
1229:Static
853:256-QAM
818:256-QAM
437:MU-MIMO
371:Wi-Fi 6
348:WiโFi 0
335:100,000
322:Wi-Fi 8
298:Wi-Fi 7
282:2.4, 5
267:Wi-Fi 6
246:Wi-Fi 5
240:2.4, 5
230:802.11n
214:802.11g
191:802.11a
168:802.11b
125:(Mb/s)
121:Maximum
38:Please
5133:Zigbee
5101:802.15
4841:802.11
4079:1149.1
3941:
3801:Dec 6,
3288:(DOCX)
2997:(10).
2524:
2476:Light
2460:
2407:0.054โ
2379:
2377:m (328
2375:
2368:
2364:
2357:
2344:
2335:
2302:
2289:
2251:
2249:single
2241:
2210:
2197:
2188:
2137:
2133:
2126:4, 20
2095:(8192-
2078:
2072:Up to
2030:
2016:
2002:
1980:(4096-
1963:
1920:
1915:80+80
1908:
1880:(1024-
1757:-OFDM
1698:-OFDM
1673:-OFDM
1568:
1562:
1457:DSSS,
1452:
1443:Mbit/s
1438:(MHz)
1435:(GHz)
1422:range
1399:Stream
1367:802.11
1117:Uplink
1000:client
783:64-QAM
748:64-QAM
713:64-QAM
678:16-QAM
643:16-QAM
475:Coding
358:, and
312:23,059
145:802.11
132:(GHz)
5224:P1823
5219:P1699
5214:P1619
5209:P1363
4991:WiGig
4855:-1997
4846:Wi-Fi
4555:-1983
4541:802.3
4423:802.1
4299:42010
4294:29148
4289:16326
4284:16085
4279:14764
4274:12207
4269:11073
3939:S2CID
3921:arXiv
3861:(PDF)
3823:(PDF)
3717:(PDF)
3682:(PDF)
3637:(PDF)
3626:(PDF)
3586:(PDF)
3556:(PDF)
3537:(PDF)
3514:arXiv
3490:(PDF)
3424:(PDF)
3383:(PDF)
3376:(PDF)
3326:ZDNet
3192:(PDF)
3163:(PDF)
3054:arXiv
2875:OFDMA
2573:1, 2
2480:Li-Fi
2462:MHz)
2453:1โ16
2366:m (33
2337:GHz)
2333:(8.64
2282:1080
2239:(3.75
2234:1080
2190:GHz)
2186:(2.16
2163:WiGig
2131:(62.5
1977:OFDMA
1971:UL/DL
1877:OFDMA
1871:UL/DL
1795:(256-
1661:500 m
1640:200 m
1570:MHz)
1541:OFDM
1477:1, 2
1390:date
1288:Notes
1128:OFDMA
1089:OFDMA
1083:OFDMA
1071:OFDMA
1025:OFDMA
1013:OFDMA
986:OFDMA
957:Notes
950:1201
944:600.5
938:286.8
932:143.4
915:1081
909:540.4
903:258.1
897:129.0
874:480.4
868:229.4
862:114.7
839:432.4
833:206.5
827:103.2
804:360.3
798:172.1
769:324.4
763:154.9
734:288.2
728:137.6
699:216.2
693:103.2
664:144.1
629:108.1
477:rate
472:type
466:index
425:Wi-Fi
417:OFDMA
387:WLANs
373:, or
276:2021
255:2013
234:2009
218:2003
198:6โ54
195:1999
175:1โ11
172:1999
149:1997
128:Radio
77:Wi-Fi
5275:1471
5270:1364
5265:1362
5260:1233
5255:1219
4525:LACP
4264:2050
4259:2030
4254:1905
4249:1904
4244:1902
4239:1901
4234:1900
4229:1855
4224:1850
4219:1849
4214:1815
4209:1801
4204:1800
4199:1733
4194:1722
4189:1685
4184:1675
4179:1667
4174:1666
4169:1619
4164:1613
4159:1603
4154:1596
4149:1588
4144:1584
4139:1547
4134:1541
4129:1516
4124:1497
4119:1451
4114:1394
4109:1355
4104:1284
4099:1278
4094:1275
4089:1164
4084:1154
4074:1076
4069:1016
4064:1014
4059:1003
3803:2017
3334:2021
3306:2021
3293:IEEE
3232:2021
3204:2021
3175:2021
3146:2021
3116:2021
3039:2024
2999:IEEE
2755:OFDM
2751:DSSS
2735:est.
2716:OFDM
2712:DSSS
2685:OFDM
2681:DSSS
2654:OFDM
2650:DSSS
2623:OFDM
2619:DSSS
2554:IrDA
2534:OFDM
2511:est.
2450:0.9
2409:0.79
2394:TVHT
2381:ft)
2370:ft)
2353:OFDM
2342:(303
2316:EDMG
2298:OFDM
2280:540,
2265:CMMG
2206:OFDM
2184:2160
2092:OFDM
2076:(100
2069:320
2059:est.
1950:est.
1826:160
1792:OFDM
1731:(64-
1684:2.4
1636:5.9
1617:3.7
1577:OFDM
1515:2.4
1489:FHSS
1484:DSSS
1471:2.4
1459:FHSS
1454:GHz
1411:MIMO
1407:Max.
1382:PHY
1323:IEEE
1136:SIFS
1124:MIMO
947:1134
912:1021
880:961
845:865
810:721
792:86.0
775:649
757:77.4
740:576
722:68.8
705:432
687:51.6
670:282
658:68.8
652:34.4
635:216
623:51.6
617:25.8
608:QPSK
600:144
594:72.1
588:34.4
582:17.2
573:QPSK
559:36.0
553:17.2
538:BPSK
530:0.8
524:0.8
518:0.8
512:0.8
499:160
445:WPA3
443:and
435:and
433:MIMO
379:IEEE
310:0.4โ
221:2.4
178:2.4
155:2.4
152:1โ2
113:IEEE
5250:830
5174:.4z
5169:.4g
5164:.4f
5159:.4e
5154:.4d
5149:.4c
5144:.4b
5139:.4a
4466:Qbb
4461:Qaz
4456:Qay
4451:Qat
4446:Qav
4413:.24
4408:.22
4403:.21
4398:.20
4393:.18
4388:.17
4376:.16
4371:.14
4366:.12
4361:.10
4318:802
4054:896
4049:829
4044:828
4039:854
4027:754
4022:730
4017:693
4012:488
3931:doi
3902:doi
3873:doi
3753:doi
3661:doi
3264:doi
3003:doi
2813:FCC
2581:PPM
2519:20
2495:OWC
2491:VLC
2458:(@2
2436:S1G
2388:IoT
2373:100
2328:60
2287:(15
2277:45
2231:60
2181:60
2169:DMG
2146:OOK
2111:WUR
2097:QAM
2083:16
2038:UHR
2023:320
2009:240
1995:160
1982:QAM
1968:16
1958:80
1928:EHT
1903:80
1895:40
1882:QAM
1862:20
1818:80
1810:40
1797:QAM
1777:20
1755:VHT
1746:40
1733:QAM
1718:20
1671:ERP
1528:CCK
1518:22
1474:22
1450:1โ7
1196:NAV
1184:NAV
1132:RUs
1036:).
941:567
935:271
929:135
926:5/6
906:510
900:244
894:122
891:3/4
877:907
871:453
865:217
859:108
856:5/6
842:817
836:408
830:195
821:3/4
807:681
801:340
795:163
786:5/6
772:613
766:306
760:146
751:3/4
737:544
731:272
725:130
716:2/3
702:408
696:204
681:3/4
667:272
661:136
646:1/2
632:204
626:102
611:3/4
597:136
576:1/2
565:72
547:8.6
541:1/2
527:1.6
521:1.6
515:1.6
509:1.6
496:80
493:40
490:20
464:MCS
429:QAM
210:*)
187:*)
164:*)
141:*)
42:to
5315::
5189:.7
5184:.6
5179:.5
5129:.4
5124:.3
5119:.2
5109:.1
5085:bn
5080:bk
5077:bi
5074:bh
5071:bf
5061:be
5056:bd
5053:bc
5049:bb
5045:ba
5042:az
5038:ay
5027:ax
5022:aq
5019:ak
5015:aj
5010:ai
5005:ah
5000:af
4996:ae
4987:ad
4976:ac
4971:aa
4831:df
4826:de
4821:dd
4816:db
4811:da
4806:cz
4801:cy
4796:cx
4791:cw
4786:cv
4781:cu
4776:ct
4771:cs
4766:cr
4761:cq
4756:cp
4751:cn
4746:cm
4741:ck
4736:ch
4731:cg
4726:ce
4721:cd
4716:cc
4711:cb
4706:ca
4701:bz
4696:by
4691:bu
4685:bt
4679:ba
4674:az
4669:av
4664:au
4658:at
4652:aq
4647:an
4642:ak
4637:ah
4631:af
4625:ae
4620:ad
4615:ac
4610:ab
4531:BA
4521:AX
4516:AS
4511:aq
4506:ak
4501:ah
4496:ag
4491:AE
4486:ad
4481:AB
4356:.9
4351:.8
4346:.7
4341:.6
4336:.5
4331:.4
4326:.2
3954:.
3937:.
3929:.
3917:23
3915:.
3900:.
3867:.
3863:.
3811:^
3775:.
3747:.
3698:.
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3628:.
3603:.
3574:^
3504:^
3492:.
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3392:.
3350:.
3323:.
3296:.
3290:.
3260:21
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3240:^
3220:.
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3029:.
3001:.
2995:60
2993:.
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2968:.
2950:.
2915:^
2886:^
2850:^
2820:^
2801:^
2770:^
2753:,
2737:)
2714:,
2683:,
2652:,
2621:,
2589:?
2586:?
2576:โ
2570:?
2556:)
2548:IR
2541:?
2538:?
2532:O-
2529:โ
2513:)
2497:)
2486:LC
2482:)
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2430:?
2427:?
2419:4
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2362:10
2349:8
2310:?
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2256:?
2246:โ
2218:?
2202:โ
2195:(8
2165:)
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2142:โ
2105:?
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2099:)
2061:)
2050:)
1984:)
1952:)
1941:)
1884:)
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1853:)
1835:HE
1805:?
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1786:DL
1783:8
1774:5
1768:)
1735:)
1724:4
1709:)
1696:HT
1620:?
1604:?
1601:?
1573:โ
1552:5
1524:โ
1486:,
1480:โ
1445:)
1157:RU
1011::
920:11
885:10
824:98
789:81
754:73
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690:98
684:49
655:65
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620:49
614:24
591:68
585:33
579:16
562:68
556:34
550:16
447:.
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412:.
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354:,
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