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1099:. Both can be harmful to human health and toxic to the environment. Landfill gas is an important source of greenhouse gases that has been clearly shown to contribute to global warming, whilst leachate can be an important source of local contamination, especially to waterways. As Hong Kong is very close to the sea as well as to heavily built up areas, the control of emissions is of high importance. Wherever possible, landfill gas is used as a fuel for the generation of power and, in Hong Kong, landfill gas is used to
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Operated by the EPD, the landfill sites only accept garbage from Hong Kong. Thirteen of 16 landfills were closed from 1988 to 1996. Starting from 6 January 2016, the South East New
Territories Landfill (SENT) will only receive construction waste. Hong Kong has three strategic landfills in use. All
606:
There are also 13 closed landfills. The closed landfills are converted into facilities such as golf courses, multi-purpose grass pitches, rest gardens, and ecological parks. Greenhouse gases emitted from closed landfills are used for energy. The closed landfills are:
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for feeding into the gas main. Leachate is treated using landfill gas to provide heat for reducing the heavy loading of ammonia and ensuring that it can be released into the environment according to strict criteria as specified by the
408:
In the densely populated Hong Kong, waste is a complex issue. The territory generates around 6.4 million tons of waste each year but is able to collect and process only a minimal portion of recyclable waste. By 2019, its existing
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conditions are achieved within the landfill, and leachate is formed as liquids percolate through landfilled waste and pick up a cocktail of toxic and contaminating elements from the multiple waste fractions that comprise
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The technology used for landfill gas management is well known throughout the world and includes on-site power generation, provision of heat for leachate treatment and off-site use as a source of natural
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Wastes in Hong Kong are first collected from disposal bins to refuse transfer stations (RTS). After they are compacted and put in containers, they are delivered to disposal lands or recycling centers.
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Geotechnical
Engineering: Meeting Society's Needs : Proceedings of the Fourteenth Southeast Asian Geotechnical Conference, Hong Kong, 10-14 December 2001
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There are hundreds of collectors in the territory where wastes are located before transferring to refuse transfer stations. There are seven
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1143:, another local environmental organisation, has many activities related to waste control and management. Green Power organises an ongoing "
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1605:"Impact of leachate on groundwater pollution due to non-engineered municipal solid waste landfill sites of erode city, Tamil Nadu, India"
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is one of the local environmental groups in Hong Kong. One of its campaigns emphasises on setting up an all-inclusive recycling system.
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schemes and is working to educate the public on the subject. On the commercial side, producers are taking up measures to reduce waste.
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in the territory. They serve as centralised collection points for the transfer of waste to the strategic landfills.
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The degradation of the organic components contained within waste generates both gaseous and liquid emissions.
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Lou, Loretta (6 November 2019). "The
Struggle for Sustainable Waste Management in Hong Kong: 1950s–2010s".
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Yim, K.P (2001). "Settlements of old landfills in Hong Kong". In Ho, Ken K.S.; Li, K.S. (eds.).
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Nagarajan, Rajkumar; Thirumalaisamy, Subramani; Lakshumanan, Elango (27 December 2012).
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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and to provide power for the treatment of leachate produced from the landfilled waste.
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The
Struggle for Sustainable Waste Management in Hong Kong: 1950s–2010s
1789:"Organics Group Completes Landfill Leachate Cleanup Plant in Hong Kong"
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1970:
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1579:"Building on Success: New Ways to Keep Methane Out of the Atmosphere"
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1609:
Iranian
Journal of Environmental Health Science & Engineering
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2141:
1815:"Problems & Solutions | Environmental Protection Department"
1764:"Landfill Gas Utilization | Environmental Protection Department"
1739:"Problems & Solutions | Environmental Protection Department"
1688:"Landfill Gas Utilization | Environmental Protection Department"
2116:
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441:
In Hong Kong, wastes generated can be categorised as municipal
2111:
1974:
1318:"Data & Statistics – Environmental Protection Department"
1257:"Hong Kong drowning in waste as China rubbish ban takes toll"
1343:
473:, waste generation in Hong Kong is around 6.4 million
1969:
1344:"Waste Atlas. (2016). Country Data: HONG KONG SAR, CHINA"
433:) provides data and statistics about waste management.
1189:
1147:", aiming to reduce the waste the territory produces.
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903:
proposed site for football academy and driving range
1528:"EPD - Restoration and Afteruse of Closed Landfills"
89:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2629:Blue Ribbon Commission on America's Nuclear Future
1522:
1520:
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1445:
1443:
1114:Environmental Protection Department of Hong Kong
467:grease trap waste and waterworks/sewage sludges
1517:
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1955:
1930:Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department
1663:"Water | Environmental Protection Department"
1440:
2790:
574:North East New Territories Landfill (NENT)
552:South East New Territories Landfill (SENT)
436:
52:Learn how and when to remove these messages
2783:
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1962:
1948:
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1207:
477:per year or 900 kg/cap/year.
203:Learn how and when to remove this message
149:Learn how and when to remove this message
1285:
2659:High-level radioactive waste management
1713:"Top 15 largest landfills in the world"
1124:
3168:
1509:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1162:Domestic waste management in Hong Kong
2764:
1943:
1872:from the original on 11 February 2008
1372:from the original on 12 February 2012
526:West New Territories Landfill (WENT)
2674:Sewage regulation and administration
1428:from the original on 1 December 2008
1350:from the original on 3 January 2014.
1286:Ockenden, James (27 February 2007).
453:and other special waste, including:
160:
87:adding citations to reliable sources
58:
17:
1894:
1324:from the original on 5 October 2017
1195:
601:
431:Environmental Protection Department
13:
1888:
1074:Management of emissions from waste
469:. According to a 2016 report from
14:
3187:
1918:
1491:from the original on 8 March 2014
1238:from the original on 21 July 2011
1172:Food waste recycling in Hong Kong
1028:Jordan Valley Park, Opened 2010.
447:construction and demolition waste
33:This article has multiple issues.
3149:
3140:
3139:
2724:
2723:
2712:
2654:Extended producer responsibility
2140:
1534:from the original on 1 June 2009
1398:from the original on 1 June 2009
1392:"EPD - Refuse Transfer Stations"
1298:from the original on 8 July 2011
1288:"HK landfills full in 4–8 years"
1119:
1067:model plane training facilities
165:
63:
22:
2212:Mechanical biological treatment
1925:Restoring Hong Kong's Landfills
1854:
1832:
1807:
1781:
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1731:
1705:
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1596:
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98:"Waste management in Hong Kong"
74:needs additional citations for
41:or discuss these issues on the
3107:British Indian Ocean Territory
1410:
1384:
1354:
1336:
1310:
1279:
1249:
1216:
1177:Sha Tin Sewage Treatment Works
1135:
934:planned recreation facilities
1:
3176:Waste management in Hong Kong
1182:
836:Sai Tso Wan Recreation Ground
424:
490:
7:
2664:History of waste management
1840:"Friends of the Earth (HK)"
1362:"Friends of the Earth (HK)"
1320:. Government of Hong Kong.
1150:
772:Tung Wah Group of Hospitals
595:Active (Full by 2016/2017)
547:Active (Full by 2018/2019)
283:Mountains, peaks, and hills
10:
3192:
2252:fluorescent lamp recycling
1862:"Green Power – Activities"
1793:waste-management-world.com
1225:Waste problem in Hong Kong
1157:Air pollution in Hong Kong
3135:
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2149:
2138:
1985:
1795:(in German). 8 March 2019
1418:"Temporarily Unavailable"
1130:Friends of the Earth (HK)
1065:Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps
1054:12.6 million tonnes
894:15.2 million tonnes
693:0.15 million tonnes
413:are expected to be full.
174:This article needs to be
2856:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
2791:Waste management in Asia
2634:China's waste import ban
1451:"Landfills in Hong Kong"
1167:Environment of Hong Kong
1019:1.5 million tonnes
956:1.0 million tonnes
859:1.2 million tonnes
826:1.6 million tonnes
794:0.7 million tonnes
761:0.2 million tonnes
659:3.5 million tonnes
569:Active (Full by ?)
485:refuse transfer stations
437:Waste management process
234:Buildings and structures
3117:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
1995:Agricultural wastewater
1199:Worldwide Waste Journal
288:Urban parks and gardens
2719:Environment portal
2397:Bosnia and Herzegovina
2287:water recycling shower
1622:10.1186/1735-2746-9-35
770:recreation centre for
360:Other Hong Kong topics
331:Islands and peninsulas
229:Areas (Neighbourhoods)
219:Geography of Hong Kong
2087:Municipal solid waste
2067:Industrial wastewater
1263:. U.K. Archived from
1097:Municipal Solid Waste
784:Wong Tai Sin District
3031:United Arab Emirates
2282:water heat recycling
2187:Garden waste dumping
1903:. pp. 249–266.
1850:on 28 December 2006.
1125:Friends of the Earth
1101:generate electricity
83:improve this article
3058:limited recognition
2649:Eco-industrial park
2237:appliance recycling
2157:Anaerobic digestion
2102:Post-consumer waste
2000:Biodegradable waste
1063:temporary home for
974:Pillar Point Valley
736:golf driving range
649:Kwai Tsing District
496:are located in the
461:, livestock waste,
2694:Waste minimisation
2639:Cleaner production
2304:Reusable packaging
2217:Mechanical sorting
2020:Construction waste
1292:blueskieschina.com
1267:on 31 January 2018
989:13 million tonnes
816:Kwun Tong District
727:15 million tonnes
683:Yuen Long District
261:Declared monuments
3163:
3162:
3100:other territories
2758:
2757:
2689:Waste legislation
2598:Sanitation worker
2572:London Convention
2508:Bamako Convention
2299:Resource recovery
2267:textile recycling
2262:plastic recycling
2242:battery recycling
2182:Ecological design
2107:Radioactive waste
1866:greenpower.org.hk
1467:on 31 March 2010.
1145:Zero Waste Action
1090:, is formed once
1071:
1070:
1044:Sai Kung District
979:Tuen Mun District
925:6 million tonnes
884:Sai Kung District
804:Ngau Chi Wan Park
599:
598:
463:radioactive waste
404:
403:
239:Tallest buildings
213:
212:
205:
195:
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159:
158:
151:
133:
56:
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3112:Christmas Island
2798:Sovereign states
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2727:
2726:
2717:
2716:
2582:OSPAR Convention
2513:Basel Convention
2324:Waste collection
2314:Sewage treatment
2272:timber recycling
2247:bottle recycling
2227:Reclaimed lumber
2222:Photodegradation
2144:
2062:Industrial waste
2030:Electronic waste
2025:Demolition waste
2005:Biomedical waste
1979:waste management
1964:
1957:
1950:
1941:
1940:
1914:
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1846:. Archived from
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1554:"5 LANDFILL GAS"
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1460:. Archived from
1458:www.legco.gov.hk
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640:Gin Drinkers Bay
610:
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602:Closed landfills
503:
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459:animal carcasses
419:waste management
399:Hong Kong Portal
251:Cities and towns
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2730:Category: Waste
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2684:Waste hierarchy
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2608:Waste collector
2586:
2577:Oslo Convention
2496:
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2344:Waste-to-energy
2339:Waste treatment
2309:Right to repair
2207:Landfill mining
2192:Illegal dumping
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2097:Packaging waste
2092:Open defecation
2052:Hazardous waste
1981:
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1899:. Vol. 1.
1891:
1889:Further reading
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1719:. 16 April 2018
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1479:"Archived copy"
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1202:. Vol. 2.
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838:opened in 2004
717:Tai Po District
670:Kwai Chung Park
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498:New Territories
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429:Hong Kong EPD (
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417:has introduced
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2487:United Kingdom
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1120:NGO campaigns
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1040:Tseung Kwan O
1038:
1036:Stage II-III
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880:Tseung Kwan O
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844:Siu Lang Shui
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631:Rehab period
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556:Tseung Kwan O
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271:Air pollution
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100: –
99:
95:
94:Find sources:
88:
84:
78:
77:
72:This article
70:
66:
61:
60:
55:
53:
46:
45:
40:
39:
34:
29:
20:
19:
16:
3121:
3096:Dependencies
3026:Turkmenistan
2991:Saudi Arabia
2622:Other topics
2613:Waste picker
2540:incineration
2411:
2319:Urban mining
2197:Incineration
2177:Durable good
2122:Sharps waste
2082:Mining waste
1896:
1874:. Retrieved
1865:
1856:
1848:the original
1843:
1834:
1822:. Retrieved
1818:
1809:
1797:. Retrieved
1792:
1783:
1771:. Retrieved
1767:
1758:
1746:. Retrieved
1742:
1733:
1721:. Retrieved
1716:
1707:
1695:. Retrieved
1691:
1682:
1670:. Retrieved
1666:
1657:
1612:
1608:
1598:
1586:. Retrieved
1582:
1573:
1561:. Retrieved
1557:
1548:
1536:. Retrieved
1493:. Retrieved
1473:
1462:the original
1457:
1430:. Retrieved
1422:wasteage.com
1421:
1412:
1400:. Retrieved
1386:
1374:. Retrieved
1365:
1356:
1338:
1326:. Retrieved
1312:
1300:. Retrieved
1291:
1281:
1269:. Retrieved
1265:the original
1260:
1251:
1240:, retrieved
1224:
1218:
1197:
1191:
1139:
1128:
1105:
1080:Landfill gas
1077:
967:Lam Tin Park
779:Ngau Chi Wan
677:Ngau Tam Mei
634:Current use
605:
494:
482:
479:
440:
428:
407:
405:
341:Marine parks
256:Conservation
199:
183:
175:
145:
136:
126:
119:
112:
105:
93:
81:Please help
76:verification
73:
49:
42:
36:
35:Please help
32:
15:
3155:Asia portal
3056:States with
2976:Philippines
2916:South Korea
2911:North Korea
2806:Afghanistan
2644:Downcycling
2591:Occupations
2560:waste water
2457:Switzerland
2447:South Korea
2437:New Zealand
2362:Afghanistan
2334:Waste trade
2294:Repurposing
2132:Toxic waste
2112:Scrap metal
2047:Green waste
2010:Brown waste
1987:Major types
1717:Observatory
1538:27 February
1402:27 February
1141:Green Power
1136:Green Power
940:Ma Yau Tong
909:Ma Yau Tong
868:Green Belt
849:Castle Peak
811:Sai Tso Wan
742:Ma Tso Lung
713:Tai Mei Tuk
708:Plover Cove
702:Green Belt
578:Ta Kwu Ling
471:Waste Atlas
443:solid waste
266:Environment
3036:Uzbekistan
3011:Tajikistan
2926:Kyrgyzstan
2906:Kazakhstan
2826:Bangladesh
2816:Azerbaijan
2699:Zero waste
2501:Agreements
2432:Kazakhstan
2387:Bangladesh
2172:Composting
2057:Heat waste
2042:Food waste
2035:by country
1819:epd.gov.hk
1768:epd.gov.hk
1743:epd.gov.hk
1692:epd.gov.hk
1667:epd.gov.hk
1583:World Bank
1558:epd.gov.hk
1366:foe.org.hk
1271:31 January
1183:References
1060:1997–1999
1025:1997–1998
995:2004–2006
962:1997–1998
931:1997–1998
900:1997–1999
865:1999–2000
832:1997–1998
800:1997–1998
767:1999–2000
733:1996–1997
699:1999–2000
665:1999–2000
645:Kwai Chung
619:Area (ha)
512:Area (ha)
425:Statistics
336:Reservoirs
139:March 2008
109:newspapers
38:improve it
3122:Hong Kong
3076:Palestine
3001:Sri Lanka
2996:Singapore
2876:Indonesia
2679:Upcycling
2545:landfills
2535:framework
2528:Recycling
2523:batteries
2452:Sri Lanka
2412:Hong Kong
2377:Australia
2354:Countries
2232:Recycling
2150:Processes
1971:Biosolids
1901:CRC Press
1631:1735-1979
1615:(1): 35.
1092:anaerobic
1009:Kwun Tong
946:Kwun Tong
915:Kwun Tong
681:Tam Mei,
625:Capacity
616:Location
613:Landfill
518:Capacity
509:Location
506:Landfill
491:Landfills
411:landfills
379:Education
186:July 2016
44:talk page
3170:Category
3145:Category
3066:Abkhazia
3016:Thailand
2971:Pakistan
2951:Mongolia
2946:Maldives
2941:Malaysia
2841:Cambodia
2740:Journals
2555:vehicles
2477:Thailand
2467:Tanzania
2202:Landfill
2162:Balefill
1876:25 April
1870:Archived
1824:26 March
1799:25 March
1773:25 March
1748:25 March
1723:25 March
1697:25 March
1672:25 March
1649:23369323
1588:25 March
1563:25 March
1532:Archived
1505:cite web
1486:Archived
1432:25 April
1426:Archived
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