33:
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390:
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378:, the law has been used to describe how other online communities work, such as Knowledge. Cunningham relativises his ownership of the law, calling it a "misquote that disproves itself by propagating through the internet" and by saying that he "never suggested asking questions by posting wrong answers".
290:
295:
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981:
n.b. named after Ward
Cunningham, a colleague of mine at Tektronix. This was his advice to me in the early 1980s with reference to what was later dubbed USENET, but since generalized to the Web and the Internet as a whole. Ward is now famous as the inventor of the Wiki. Ironically, Knowledge is now
296:
314:
Cunningham is interested in tracking the number and location of wiki page edits as a sociological experiment and may even consider the degradation of a wiki page as part of its process to stability. "There are those who give and those who take. You can tell by reading what they write."
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Cunningham is credited with the idea: "The best way to get the right answer on the
Internet is not to ask a question; it's to post the wrong answer." This refers to the observation that people are quicker to correct a wrong answer than to answer a question. According to
304:
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180:
Cunningham was a keynote speaker at the first three instances of the WikiSym conference series on wiki research and practice, and also at the
Wikimedia Developer Summit 2017. He was a keynote speaker at the MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference, Spring 2024.
251:-based CitizenGlobal, a startup working on crowd-sourced video content, as their chief technology officer and the Co-Creation Czar. He remains "an adviser" with AboutUs. In April 2013, Cunningham left CitizenGlobal to work as a programmer at
263:
Cunningham is well known for a few widely disseminated ideas which he originated and developed. The most famous among these are the wiki and many ideas in the field of software design patterns, made popular by the
283:
When asked in a 2006 interview with internetnews.com whether he considered patenting the wiki concept, he explained that he thought the idea "just sounded like something that no one would want to pay money for."
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Cunningham received his bachelor's degree in interdisciplinary engineering (electrical engineering and computer science) and his master's degree in computer science from
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in the "Patterns & Practices" group. From
October 2005 to May 2007, he held the position of Director of Committer Community Development at the
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204:, graduating in 1978. He is a co-founder of Cunningham & Cunningham, a software consultancy he started with his wife.
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The idea is humourously and approvingly caricatured in xkcd illustration number 386, "Duty Calls".
207:
Cunningham has also served as
Director of R&D at Wyatt Software and as Principal Engineer in the
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268:(GoF). He owns the company Cunningham & Cunningham Inc., a consultancy that has specialized in
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The
Innovators: How a Group of Hackers, Geniuses, and Geeks Created the Digital Revolution
8:
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370:, Cunningham advised him of this on a whim in the early 1980s, and McGeady dubbed this
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1222:
EclipseCon 2006 interview with Ward
Cunningham (MP3 audio podcast, running time 20:01)
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In 2001, he signed the
Manifesto for Agile Software Development as a co-author.
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133:(born May 26, 1949) is an American computer programmer who developed the first
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562:"Microsoft Notebook: Wiki pioneer planted the seed and watched it grow"
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348:. Much of this work was done collaboratively on the first wiki site.
337:
276:
and expanded on the idea in 1992. He created the site (and software)
252:
223:
208:
16:
American computer programmer who developed the first wiki (born 1949)
460:– Cunningham cites Alexander's work as directly influencing his own.
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770:
537:
1285:
908:. Cyborg Camp Live Stream – Mogulus Live Broadcast. Archived from
164:
155:
in 1994, and installed it on c2.com (the website of his software
1346:
749:"Ward Cunningham, inventor of the wiki, has a new job in SoCal"
375:
143:. Termed a pioneer, and innovator, he also helped create both
1546:
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From
December 2003 until October 2005, Cunningham worked for
122:
1757:
840:(December 1992). "The WyCash portfolio management system".
134:
105:
903:
247:
reported that
Cunningham had departed AboutUs to join the
1205:
1049:
982:
perhaps the most widely-known proof of Cunningham's Law.
651:
604:"MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Spring 2024"
336:, in particular the use of pattern languages and (with
1227:
The Microsoft patterns & practices group home page
1262:
769:. Blog.ratedstar.com. March 31, 2011. Archived from
374:. Although originally referring to interactions on
241:as its chief technology officer. On March 24, 2011
344:. He also contributes to the extreme programming
2503:
704:"Inventor of the wiki has a new job in Portland"
2557:Purdue University College of Engineering alumni
904:CubeSpace, Portland Oregon (December 7, 2008).
836:
790:. New Relic Blog. April 5, 2013. Archived from
627:Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Technology
623:
353:
211:Computer Research Laboratory. He is founder of
671:The Knowledge Revolution - Andrew Lih, page 46
518:
516:
429:
332:Cunningham has contributed to the practice of
1872:
1312:
1886:
814:"Introduction to the Technical Debt Concept"
788:"Ward Cunningham Joins the New Relic Family"
111:The Manifesto for Agile Software Development
2572:Wikimedia Foundation Advisory Board members
1237:The Simplest Thing That Could Possibly Work
1171:"Nike Materials Index: Open Data Hackathon"
513:
481:
479:
420:'s first "Code for a Better World" Fellow.
2577:People from Highland, Lake County, Indiana
1879:
1865:
1319:
1305:
1015:
924:"Manifesto for Agile Software Development"
31:
2522:21st-century American non-fiction writers
883:Kerner, Sean Michael (December 8, 2006),
583:"Wikimedia Developer Summit 2017 Program"
555:
553:
528:"You can look it up: The Knowledge story"
159:) on March 25, 1995, as an add-on to the
1510:Software development process/methodology
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724:. Citizen Global Website. Archived from
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388:
342:class-responsibility-collaboration cards
286:
184:
140:Manifesto for Agile Software Development
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701:
258:
215:and has served as program chair of the
2504:
1030:from the original on December 11, 2021
882:
559:
550:
310:Cunningham during an interview in 2011
1860:
1300:
1016:Cunningham, Ward (October 18, 2015).
777:
767:"Ward Cunningham Joins CitizenGlobal"
1831:
1525:Software verification and validation
1428:Component-based software engineering
1244:The Web's wizard of working together
1120:Federal, Communications Commission.
1097:Federal, Communications Commission.
1074:Federal, Communications Commission.
996:"Word of the Week: Cunningham's Law"
280:, the first internet wiki, in 1995.
1119:
1096:
1073:
430:Leuf, Bo; Cunningham, Ward (2001).
197:, where he completed high school.
13:
1142:
889:, internetnews.com, archived from
405:extra class license issued by the
14:
2603:
1505:Software configuration management
1372:Search-based software engineering
1357:Experimental software engineering
1197:
971:. New York Times. Comment No. 119
560:Bishop, Todd (January 26, 2004).
407:Federal Communications Commission
358:For the mathematical method, see
193:, on May 26, 1949. He grew up in
1841:
1840:
1830:
1284:
1272:
1177:. August 6, 2009. Archived from
994:Friedman, Nancy (May 31, 2010).
963:McGeady, Steven (May 28, 2010).
747:Rogoway, Mike (March 24, 2011).
384:
346:software development methodology
217:Pattern Languages of Programming
104:, the first implementation of a
2377:Enterprise Integration Patterns
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695:
436:. Addison-Wesley Professional.
423:
219:conference which it sponsors.
167:) a book about wikis, entitled
1352:Empirical software engineering
1147:. Ten Tec Wiki. Archived from
702:Rogoway, Mike (May 18, 2007).
674:
665:
644:
630:. Facts On File. p. 122.
617:
596:
575:
489:(October 7, 2014). "The Web".
1:
2552:Writers from Portland, Oregon
2547:People from Beaverton, Oregon
2532:American computer programmers
684:, p. 58. Hyperion, New York.
469:
175:Framework for Integrated Test
1377:Site reliability engineering
1210:, WikiWikiWeb, includes his
886:Q&A with Ward Cunningham
722:"Our Proven Leadership Team"
569:. Section: Business; Page D1
318:In 2011, Cunningham created
7:
2537:American technology writers
2470:Portland Pattern Repository
1382:Social software engineering
451:
334:object-oriented programming
272:. He coined the concept of
270:object-oriented programming
222:Cunningham was part of the
161:Portland Pattern Repository
137:and was a co-author of the
37:Cunningham in December 2011
10:
2608:
2587:Agile software development
1520:Software quality assurance
1253:" – profile originally in
1124:. United States Government
1101:. United States Government
1078:. United States Government
906:"Ward Cunningham, Lecture"
842:ACM SIGPLAN OOPS Messenger
567:Seattle Post-Intelligencer
357:
2478:
2457:
2386:
2361:
2278:
2163:
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1991:
1943:
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1826:
1785:
1750:
1689:
1603:
1596:
1555:
1415:
1334:
1217:2012 Dr. Dobb's Interview
237:. In May 2009, he joined
118:
97:
89:
81:
71:
42:
30:
23:
2592:Software design patterns
2095:Event-based asynchronous
1888:Software design patterns
1676:Model-driven engineering
1475:Functional specification
1458:Software incompatibility
1367:Requirements engineering
682:The Knowledge Revolution
624:Harry Henderson (2009).
145:software design patterns
2001:Chain of responsibility
1470:Enterprise architecture
1249:March 31, 2009, at the
1175:San Francisco Chronicle
541:Excerpt from 2014 book
320:Smallest Federated Wiki
189:Cunningham was born in
163:. He co-authored (with
2562:Technology evangelists
2140:Scheduled-task pattern
2090:Double-checked locking
1681:Round-trip engineering
1438:Backward compatibility
1433:Software compatibility
394:
311:
191:Michigan City, Indiana
151:. He began coding the
64:Michigan City, Indiana
2491:Architectural pattern
2394:Christopher Alexander
1500:Software architecture
1453:Forward compatibility
893:on September 16, 2012
854:10.1145/157710.157715
458:Christopher Alexander
392:
309:
185:Early life and career
2527:Amateur radio people
2303:Dependency injection
2260:Inversion of control
2255:Data transfer object
2155:Thread-local storage
1798:Computer engineering
1495:Software archaeology
1485:Programming paradigm
1397:Software maintenance
1342:Computer programming
1328:Software engineering
1019:Not Cunningham's Law
912:on February 7, 2009.
773:on October 16, 2015.
680:Lih, Andrew (2009).
526:(October 19, 2014).
499:. pp. 405–466.
497:Simon & Schuster
397:Cunningham lives in
259:Ideas and inventions
131:Howard G. Cunningham
47:Howard G. Cunningham
2582:Microsoft employees
2542:Extreme programming
2308:Intercepting filter
1818:Systems engineering
1803:Information science
1583:Service orientation
1535:Structured analysis
1443:Compatibility layer
1387:Software deployment
1259:, December 19, 2005
1151:on November 5, 2016
942:Schott's Vocab Blog
173:, and invented the
149:extreme programming
85:Computer programmer
2465:The Hillside Group
2250:Data access object
2100:Guarded suspension
2085:Binding properties
1808:Project management
1573:Object orientation
1540:Essential analysis
1448:Compatibility mode
1181:on October 7, 2011
965:"Cunningham's Law"
652:"Ward's Home Page"
395:
393:Cunningham in 2023
354:"Cunningham's Law"
312:
235:Eclipse Foundation
213:The Hillside Group
2499:
2498:
2293:Business delegate
2225:Publish–subscribe
2059:
2058:
1854:
1853:
1781:
1780:
1722:Information model
1626:Incremental model
1480:Modeling language
1145:"Ward Cunningham"
1099:"Ward Cunningham"
938:"Jurisimprudence"
794:on March 15, 2015
637:978-0-8160-6382-6
399:Beaverton, Oregon
360:Cunningham's rule
307:
202:Purdue University
195:Highland, Indiana
128:
127:
90:Years active
76:Purdue University
2599:
2567:Tektronix people
2298:Composite entity
2175:Front controller
1915:Abstract factory
1903:
1902:
1881:
1874:
1867:
1858:
1857:
1844:
1843:
1834:
1833:
1793:Computer science
1601:
1600:
1515:Software quality
1407:Systems analysis
1402:Software testing
1321:
1314:
1307:
1298:
1297:
1289:
1288:
1277:
1276:
1275:
1268:
1239:(2004 interview)
1209:
1208:
1206:Official website
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926:. June 11, 2019.
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524:Isaacson, Walter
520:
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487:Isaacson, Walter
483:
447:
372:Cunningham's Law
326:to wiki pages.
308:
60:
56:
54:
35:
21:
20:
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2598:
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2500:
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2474:
2453:
2444:Douglas Schmidt
2424:Ward Cunningham
2382:
2370:Design Patterns
2357:
2348:Method chaining
2280:
2274:
2235:Service locator
2166:
2159:
2130:Read–write lock
2066:
2055:
2046:Template method
1987:
1939:
1897:
1890:
1885:
1855:
1850:
1822:
1813:Risk management
1777:
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1685:
1666:Waterfall model
1636:Prototype model
1631:Iterative model
1592:
1568:Aspect-oriented
1551:
1530:Software system
1411:
1392:Software design
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1251:Wayback Machine
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1122:"K9OX, Expired"
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838:Ward Cunningham
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728:on May 12, 2012
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533:The Daily Beast
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157:consulting firm
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72:Alma mater
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26:
25:Ward Cunningham
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2409:John Vlissides
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2313:Lazy loading
2245:Identity map
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1896:Gang of Four
1732:Object model
1727:Metamodeling
1656:Spiral model
1556:Orientations
1254:
1212:WikiHomePage
1183:. Retrieved
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1126:. Retrieved
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822:December 11,
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57:May 26, 1949
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2458:Communities
2439:Jim Coplien
2414:Grady Booch
2399:Erich Gamma
2343:Type tunnel
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2323:Null object
2318:Mock object
2180:Interceptor
2150:Thread pool
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2011:Interpreter
1423:Abstraction
1155:November 4,
1128:November 4,
1105:November 4,
1082:November 4,
798:December 2,
588:January 17,
278:WikiWikiWeb
226:community.
153:WikiWikiWeb
102:WikiWikiWeb
2506:Categories
2353:Delegation
2288:Blackboard
1993:Behavioral
1945:Structural
1907:Creational
1742:View model
1707:Data model
1291:Technology
1185:August 23,
1001:August 30,
975:August 30,
948:January 4,
870:Q123074959
470:References
114:(document)
82:Occupation
53:1949-05-26
2419:Kent Beck
2145:Semaphore
2135:Scheduler
1978:Flyweight
1968:Decorator
1963:Composite
1935:Singleton
1930:Prototype
1751:Languages
1279:Biography
862:1055-6400
609:August 2,
413:is K9OX.
411:call sign
338:Kent Beck
253:New Relic
231:Microsoft
224:Smalltalk
209:Tektronix
119:Call sign
2479:See also
2281:patterns
2167:patterns
2120:Proactor
2067:patterns
2041:Strategy
2031:Observer
2021:Mediator
2016:Iterator
1898:patterns
1846:Category
1712:ER model
1578:Ontology
1490:Software
1416:Concepts
1247:Archived
1231:archived
1028:Archived
866:Wikidata
538:IAC Inc.
452:See also
2333:Servant
2265:Model 2
2125:Reactor
2115:Monitor
2080:Balking
2051:Visitor
2026:Memento
2006:Command
1953:Adapter
1920:Builder
1836:Commons
1661:V-model
1265:Portals
1024:YouTube
324:forking
239:AboutUs
165:Bo Leuf
2387:People
2270:Broker
1973:Facade
1958:Bridge
1597:Models
1347:DevOps
1335:Fields
1076:"K9OX"
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732:May 8,
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1773:SysML
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1690:Other
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1611:Agile
1563:Agile
1547:CI/CD
817:(PDF)
2338:Twin
2195:MVVM
2110:Lock
2105:Join
1758:IDEF
1702:CMMI
1588:SDLC
1187:2011
1157:2016
1130:2016
1107:2016
1084:2016
1061:2024
1054:xkcd
1036:2017
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977:2012
950:2017
858:ISSN
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800:2014
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686:ISBN
659:2018
632:ISBN
611:2024
590:2017
501:ISBN
438:ISBN
418:Nike
147:and
135:wiki
123:K9OX
106:wiki
43:Born
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2190:MVP
2185:MVC
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
