Walter fitz Alan - Knowledge

1067: 984: 413: 1183: 1311: 1259:, a people of mixed Scandinavian and Gaelic ethnicity. One possibility is that these lands had formerly comprised part of a Gall Gaidheil realm before the Scottish Crown overcame Máel Coluim and his supporters. The Cadzow charter is one of several that mark the earliest record of Fergus. This man's attestation could indicate that while Somairle's family may have suffered marginalisation as a result of Máel Coluim's defeat and David's consolidation of the region, Fergus and his family could have conversely profited at this time as supporters of David's cause. The record of Fergus amongst the Scottish elite at Cadzow is certainly evidence of the increasing reach of David's royal authority in the 1130s. 1263: 656: 549: 939: 718: 801: 320: 882: 870: 1235: 457: 1286:, in 1153. Although the political uncertainty following Óláfr's elimination would have certainly posed a threat to the Scots, the concurrent build-up of Scottish power along the western seaboard—particularly exemplified by Walter's expansive territorial grants in the region—meant that the Scots were also positioned to capitalise upon the situation. In fact, there is reason to suspect that, during Malcolm's reign—and perhaps with Malcolm's consent—Walter began to extend his own authority into the 1471:. Although neither of these men ever made note of a figure named Banquho, and Fleance is first specifically noted by Boece's account, it is clear that the now-lost account of Barbour did indeed accord the Stewarts a Welsh ancestry, and it is possible that Barbour traced the family's descent from the British kings through Fleance's Welsh wife. In any case, Fleance appears to represent Walter's historical grandfather, Flaald. There is no evidence that this man married into a native Welsh family. 58: 453:("food-divider") with that of the steward. This office certainly appears to have been a precursor to the stewardship. Walter's ancestors were stewards to the Breton lords of Dol. In fact, his elder brother, Jordan, inherited this stewardship from their father, and held this office at the time of Walter's own establishment in Scotland. As such, it is probable that Walter possessed a degree of experience in the profession. 1463:, son of Banquho. According to Boece, Fleance was driven from Scotland into exile in Wales, where he had a liaison with a Welsh princess, a woman who came to be Walter's mother. Upon reaching manhood in Wales, Boece's account relates that Walter journeyed to his paternal homeland. Two authorities who certainly had access to Barbour's account were the Scottish historians 623:. The grant of lodgings in every important royal settlement would have only been entrusted to people particularly close to the king, and to those who were expected to travel with him. The impressive list of twenty-nine eminent men who attested this transaction appears to be evidence that the proceedings took place in a public setting before the royal court. 1302:

written confirmation of his rights in light of the external threats that faced the Scottish Crown. In fact, one possibility is that the king's serious illness was a specific impetus for Somairle's campaign. Somairle may have intended to seize upon Malcolm's poor health to strike out at the Scots and limit the western spread of their influence.

1789:, and notes successful naval campaigns conducted against David's enemies, which suggests that Máel Coluim's support was indeed centred in Scotland's western coastal periphery. By the mid-1130s, David had not only succeeded in securing Máel Coluim, but also appears to have gained recognition of his overlordship of Argyll. 1526:) to the king. One possibility is that the unnamed vociferous opponent of St Ailred was Walter himself. Alternately, the steward in question could well have been either Alguine or his son. In any case, Alguine appears to have succeeded by his son, Gilla Andréis, who appears on record as a rannaire during Malcolm's reign. 1753:, and the latter's wife, Fonia, are reported to have made donations to Paisley Priory. The circumstances surrounding these gifts are uncertain. The fact that the monks of Paisley were originally based at King's Inch, could mean that they tended to the body of Somairle in the immediate aftermath of his defeat and death. 1246:

Another possibility is that Somairle was attempting to secure a swathe of territory that had only recently been secured by the Scottish Crown. Although there is no record of Somairle before 1153, his family was evidently involved in an earlier insurrection by Máel Coluim against David that ended with

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At some point during his career, Walter received North Kyle from either David or Malcolm. Also in 1161×1162—perhaps on the same date as Malcolm's aforesaid charter to Walter—the king granted Walter the lands of Mow for the service of one knight. There is reason to suspect that David's original grant

443:. Walter is increasingly attested by royal charters from about 1150, and it is possible that it was at about this time that David granted him the stewardship to be held heritably. As the king's steward, Walter would have been responsible for the day-to-day running of the king's household. Whilst the 966:

Walter was Eschina's first husband. She survived Walter, and her second husband was probably Henry de Cormunnock, by whom she had two daughters: Cecilia and Maud. Eschina's grant to Paisley Priory records that her daughter, Margaret, was buried there. A daughter of Walter may have been Christina, a

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Walter lived during a period in history when Scottish monarchs sought to attract men to their kingdom by promising them gifts of land. To such kings, royal authority depended upon their ability to give away territories in the peripheries of the realm. Although the twelfth-century Scottish monarchs

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The remarkably poor health of Malcolm—a man who went on to die before reaching the age of twenty-five—combined with the rising power of Somairle along Scotland's western seaboard, could account for Malcolm's confirmation Walter's stewardship and lands in 1161×1162. As such, Walter may have sought

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If Eschina indeed possessed an inherited claim to Mow, it is possible that Walter's grant of this territory was given from the king in the context of Walter's marriage to her. The fact that Uhtred seems to have had a son and a brother could be evidence that the king had overridden the inheritance

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Exactly why Somairle struck out at the Scots is unknown. This man's rise to power appears to coincide with an apparent weakening of Scottish royal authority in Argyll. Although David may well have regarded Argyll as a Scottish tributary, Somairle's ensuing career clearly reveals that the latter

1007:. Malcolm returned to Scotland in 1160, having spent months campaigning in the service of the English. Upon his return, the king was forced to confront an attempted coup at Perth. Having successfully dealt with this considerable number of disaffected magnates, the twelfth- to thirteenth-century 282:

Walter was married to Eschina de Londres, an apparent member of the Londres/London family. There is reason to suspect that she was also matrilineally descended from a family native to southern Scotland. If correct, this could explain why Walter was granted the lands of Mow. Alternately, it is

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The allotment of Scottish fiefs along the western seaboard suggests that these lands were settled in the context of defending the Scottish realm from external threats located in Galloway and the Isles. It was probably in this context that substantial western lordships were granted to Hugh de

844:. From the years spanning 1160–1241, there are roughly one hundred vassals, tenants and dependants of Walter and his succeeding son and grandson. A considerable number of these dependants were drawn from the vicinity of the Fitz Alan lands in Shropshire. The latter region was largely 1158:

by the people of the district. This stated location of Renfrew could be evidence that the target of Somairle's strike was Walter. Nevertheless, the leadership of the Scottish forces is uncertain. It is conceivable that the commander was one of the three principal men of the region:

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from all his lands except North Kyle. The fact that he granted away only one piece of land in North Kyle—as opposed to his extensive donations elsewhere—suggests that North Kyle was his largest block of his own demesne. As such, the archaeological evidence of a twelfth-century

852:, Cumbric. If so, it could indicate that Walter and his dependents were purposely settled in the west to take advantage of this linguistic affiliation. As such, it may have been hoped that such incoming settlers would possess a degree of legitimacy from the natives as fellow 835:

The uneven distribution of Walter's grants to Paisley Priory seems to have been a result of the fact that he had subinfeudated most of Strathgryfe by the time of its establishment. Walter's extensive territories consisted of regions inhabited by native speakers of English,

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Morville, Robert de Brus and Walter. As such, the mid-part of the twelfth century saw a steady consolidation of Scottish power along the western seaboard by some of the realm's greatest magnates—men who could well have encroached into Somairle's sphere of influence.

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In a charter of his to Paisley Priory in 1165×1173, Walter specifically made note of the land where the monks first lived at Paisley. A charter of Malcolm to Paisley Priory in 1163×1165 mentions a priory at King's Inch from where the Paisley monks relocated. A

1664:, also appears to have undertaken a pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela. Whilst it is possible that James was bestowed this name on account of his father's pilgrimage, the name could have also stemmed from the family's earlier dedication to the saint. 1600:, dating to 1173, states that the monks lived near the mill of Renfrew before removing to Paisley. The charter of 1165×1173 notes that Walter possessed a hall near the priory. One possibility is that this hall is identical to the Blackhall ( 12614: 797:. Some of the adventurers who participated in the expedition—a fifty-ship detachment of Rhinelanders—clearly visited Santiago de Compostela. It is possible that Walter was one of the Scots who took part in the Lisbon expedition. 1167:, and Walter himself. Whilst there is reason to suspect that Somairle focused his offensive upon Walter's lordship at Renfrew, it is also possible that Hebert, as Malcolm's agent in the west, was the intended target. Certainly, 1053:

describes Malcolm's Gallovidian opponents as "federate enemies", and makes no mention of his sons, suggests that Fergus was supported by other accomplices. In fact, Malcolm may have encountered an alliance between Fergus and

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Walter started his career as a minor English baron. Upon arriving in Scotland, however, he received a substantial grant of lands from his Scottish sovereigns. These included the western provincial lordships of: Mearns,

1003:. This charter appears to reveal that Walter was one of the Scottish barons who accompanied the king on the English campaign against the French at Toulouse in 1159. This record is the only known act of the king on 1493:

Walter's family originated from Dol in Brittany. Another family that appears to have originated from this region were the Biduns, and a member of this family, a certain Walter de Bidun, became David's chancellor.

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MacInnes, IA (2019). "'A Somewhat too Cruel Vengeance was Taken for the Blood of the Slain': Royal Punishment of Rebels, Traitors, and Political Enemies in Medieval Scotland, c.1100–c.1250". In Tracy, L (ed.).

405:. Certainly, both William and Walter witnessed acts of Matilda in 1141. In any event, the date of Walter's introduction into Scotland may be marked by the original part of the so-called "foundation charter" of 1913:. The former name is of Breton origin, and its popularity in Scotland is mostly due to the Stewart family. Walter's succeeding great-grandson, like many other men of his generation, was apparently named after 927:. The former name appears to indicate that her father was a member of the Londres (or London) family. One possibility is that this man was Richard de London. The various forms of Eschina's locative surname 1815:. By about 1200, during the latter's career, the family certainly seems to have gained control of the island. By the latter half of the thirteenth century, the family certainly held authority over Cowal. 1231:. Four years later Somairle launched his final invasion of Scotland, and it is possible that it was conducted in the context of another attempt to support Máel Coluim's claim to the Scottish throne. 819:

does not necessarily mean that Renfrew was his principal caput. There is reason to suspect that North Kyle served as Walter's power centre. For example, Walter granted this religious house a

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In the eighteenth century, the battle was locally alleged to have been marked by a particular stone-topped mound. By the end of the nineteenth century, no trace of the mound could be found.

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in 1219. Whilst the foundation charter of Paisley Priory declares that the house was established "to the honour of God", after its relocation to Paisley it was stated to have been made "to

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Scottish magnates—posed to his authority. A catalyst of this collision of competing spheres of influence may have been the vacuum left by the assassination of Somairle's father-in-law,

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for Walter himself. As a result of their tenure in high office, and their dominating regional influence, these provincial lords were equal to the native Scottish earls in all but rank.

271:. Walter and the other colonial lords settled in western Scotland were probably intended to protect the Scottish realm from external threats located in regions such as Galloway and the 12759:

Settlement and Integration in Scotland 1124–1214: Local Society and the Development of Aristocratic Communities: With Special Reference to the Anglo-French Settlement of the South East

7553:"Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 139: Simeon of Durham OSB, Historia Regum. Richard of Hexham OSA, De Gestis Regis Stephani et de Bello Standardii. John of Hexham OSA, Nennius" 919:

Walter was married to Eschina de Londres (fl. 1177×1198). It is likely that the king—either David or Malcolm—arranged the union. Eschina is variously accorded locative names such as

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Another figure first attested by these charters is Walter, who may have been granted the lands of Strathgryfe, Renfrew, Mearns and North Kyle on the occasion of David's grant of

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The Scandinavian connections of leading members of the Isles may have been reflected in their military armament, and could have resembled that depicted upon such gaming pieces.

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McDonald, RA (2000). "Rebels Without a Cause? The Relations of Fergus of Galloway and Somerled of Argyll With the Scottish Kings, 1153–1164". In Cowan, E; McDonald, R (eds.).

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could indicate that she was a maternal granddaughter and heir of a previous Lord of Mow: a certain Uhtred, son of Liulf. Uhtred is known to have granted the church of Mow to

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evidently dates to the sixteenth century. This site has not been excavated, and it is unknown what structures may have existed there in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries.

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Dalton, P (2005). "The Topical Concerns of Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia Regum Britannie: History, Prophecy, Peacemaking, and English Identity in the Twelfth Century".

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in Cunningham, a strategic coastal site from where Scottish forces may have conducted seaborne military operations against Malcolm's western allies. The twelfth-century

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Hammond, MH (2010). "Royal and Aristocratic Attitudes to Saints and the Virgin Mary in Twelfth- and Thirteenth-Century Scotland". In Boardman, S; Williamson, E (eds.).

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was virtually unknown there in about 1100. However, it became popular within the family in later generations. A thirteenth-century family member who bore the name was

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Descriptive Catalogue of Impressions From Ancient Scottish Seals, Royal, Baronial, Ecclesiastical, and Municipal, Embracing a Period From A.D. 1094 to the Commonwealth

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in at least one later act. This new terminology appears to correspond to the evolution of the office: from steward of the king's household to the steward of the realm.

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in Shropshire. Alternately, the decision to associate Wenlock with his foundation at Renfrew could have stemmed from a devotion to the cult of Wenlock's patron saint:

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Whilst Walter witnessed seventy-four and fifty-four royal acts during the respective reigns of Malcolm and William, Alan witnessed forty-seven during William's reign.

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reveal that Malcolm launched three military expeditions into Galloway. Although the names of the king's accomplices are unrecorded, Walter was probably among them.

9999:(2007). "A Fragmentary Literature: Narrative and Lyric from the Early Middle Ages". In Clancy, TO; Pittock, M; Brown, I; Manning, S; Horvat, K; Hales, A (eds.). 1009: 963:

rights of Uhtred's male heirs. On the other hand, an alternate possibility is that Eschina only possessed rights to Mow as a result of her marriage to Walter.

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Hammond, MH (2011). "Assemblies and the Writing of Administrative Documents in the Central Medieval Kingdom of the Scots". In Mostert, M; Barnwell, P (eds.).

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to glorify and promote the authority of this family. There is reason to suspect that, within this account, Barbour traced the king's descent to the ancient

741:. This, coupled with the fact that Walter did not witness any of David's acts during a span of time in 1143×1145, could be evidence that Walter undertook a 447:

was responsible for the king's sleeping compartments, the steward oversaw the king's hall. It is possible that David sought to replace the Gaelic office of

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Caldwell, DH; Hall, MA; Wilkinson, CM (2009). "The Lewis Hoard of Gaming Pieces: A Re-examination of Their Context, Meanings, Discovery and Manufacture".

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of the Strathgryfe group of holdings held by Walter, and could have been the main caput of all his holdings. The fact that he chose Paisley to serve as a

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From Reformed Barbarian to 'Saint-King': Literary Portrayals of King Malcolm III Canmore (r. 1058–93) in Scottish Historical Narratives, c. 1100–1449

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McDonald, A (1995). "Scoto-Norse Kings and the Reformed Religious Orders: Patterns of Monastic Patronage in Twelfth-Century Galloway and Argyll".

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Máel Coluim's capture and imprisonment in 1134. An aftereffect of this failed insurgency may be perceptible in a Scottish royal charter issued at

1041:, as a royal hostage. On one hand, Fergus himself may have precipitated Malcolm's Gallovian campaign, by raiding the territory between the rivers 9671: 9543: 1661: 1337: 11316:

Márkus, G (2007). "Saving Verse: Early Medieval Religious Poetry". In Clancy, TO; Pittock, M; Brown, I; Manning, S; Horvat, K; Hales, A (eds.).

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Registrum Monasterii de Passelet, Cartas Privilegia Conventiones Aliaque Munimenta Complectens, A Domo Fundata A.D. MCLXIII Usque Ad A.D. MDXXIX

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associates Herbert with the victory, and makes no mention of Walter or any Scottish royal forces. On the other hand, Baldwin's nearby lands of

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The Acts of the Earls of Dunbar Relating to Scotland c.1124–c.1289: A Study of Lordship in Scotland in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries

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in Carrick, Kyle, Cunningham and Strathgryfe. Historically, this region appears to have once formed part of the territory dominated by the

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Language, History and Onomastics in Medieval Cumbria: An Analysis of the Generative Usage of the Cumbric Habitative Generics Cair and Tref

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McDonald, RA (1995). "Images of Hebridean Lordship in the Late Twelfth and Early Thirteenth Centuries: The Seal of Raonall Mac Sorley".

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reveals that David received English military assistance against Máel Coluim. This source specifies that a force against Máel Coluim was

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MacLean, S (2012). "Recycling the Franks in Twelfth-Century England: Regino of Prüm, the Monks of Durham, and the Alexandrine Schism".

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Jennings, A (2017). "Three Scottish Coastal Names of Note: Earra-Ghàidheal, Satíriseið, and Skotlandsfirðir". In Worthington, D (ed.).

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Some twelfth-century lordships, created by David I and Malcolm IV, appear to have carved out of territories previously occupied by the

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were passed by Somairle's naval forces, suggesting that it was either Baldwin or his followers who engaged and overcame the invaders.

12973: 12968: 412: 11413:. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures. Leiden: Brill. pp. 176–199. 1843: 279:

invaded Scotland and was defeated near Renfrew. It is possible that the commander of the local Scottish forces was Walter himself.

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The Charters of David I: The Written Acts of David I King of Scots, 1124–53, and of his Son Henry, Earl of Northumberland, 1139–52

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In 1164, Somairle launched an invasion of Scotland. This seaborne campaign is attested by sources such as: the fourteenth-century

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Taylor, A (2008). "Robert de Londres, Illegitimate son of William, King of Scots, c.1170–1225". In Morillo, S; North, W (eds.).

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The catalyst for the establishment of castles along the River Clyde could well have been the potential threat posed by Somairle.

1547:, and the butler was in charge of the king's wine. Following Hugh's death in 1162, Walter seems to have been the most important 1278:. One explanation for Somairle's invasion is that he may have been compelled to counter a threat that Walter—and other recently 12943: 12004:

Oram, RD (2008). "Royal and Lordly Residence in Scotland c 1050 to c 1250: An Historiographical Review and Critical Revision".

10874:. Medieval Legal Process: Utrecht Studies in Medieval Literacy. Vol. 22. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers. pp. 123–146. 9026:

The Annals of Roger de Hoveden: Comprising the History of England and of Other Countries of Europe, From A.D. 732 to A.D. 1201

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Gledhill, J (2016) . "Frome Shire to Barony in Scotland: The Case of Eastern Lothian". In Stringer, KJ; Jotischky, A (eds.).

10667: 10503: 10186: 10148: 10008: 9986: 9933: 9814: 9786: 1182: 1164: 12478:"Chivalry, British Sovereignty and Dynastic Politics: Undercurrents of Antagonism in Tudor-Stewart Relations, c.1490–c.1513" 1711:". Whilst the earliest-known seal of his son is also non-heraldic, a later one bears the earliest depiction of the heraldic 11779:. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures. Leiden: Brill. pp. 11344: 10169:(2010). "The 'McRoberts Thesis' and Patterns of Sanctity in Late Medieval Scotland". In Boardman, S; Williamson, E (eds.). 1207:

regarded himself a fully independent ruler. Somairle's first attestation by a contemporary source occurs in 1153, when the

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McDonald, RA (2007a). "Dealing Death From Man: Manx Sea Power in and around the Irish Sea, 1079–1265". In Duffy, S (ed.).

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magnates, they did grant them provincial lordships. The most important of these mid-century colonial establishments were:

11000:. International Companions to Scottish Literature. Glasgow: Association for Scottish Literary Studies. pp. 100–123. 1740:

Comprising some four sets, the pieces are thought to have been crafted in Norway in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries.

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possible that Eschina's rights to Mow merely stemmed from her marriage to Walter. Eschina and Walter were the parents of

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A Prosopographical Analysis of Society in East Central Scotland, Circa 1100 to 1260, With Special Reference to Ethnicity

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Twelfth-century secular lordships on the western seaboard of Scotland. Walter's domain included the depicted regions of

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Walter served as steward until his death in 1177. Before his demise, Walter retired to Melrose Abbey, and died there a

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of lands to Walter took place in 1136. Certainly in 1139×1146, Walter witnessed a charter of David to the cathedral of

340: 1608:), an apparent hunting lodge in the Paisley area, possessed by later descendants of Walter. The existing structure at 12829: 12803: 12738: 12545: 12426: 12299: 12153: 11947: 11788: 11652: 11619: 11497: 11005: 10738: 10305: 10279: 10221: 10039: 9960: 9730:

Mìorun Mòr nan Gall, 'The Great Ill-Will of the Lowlander'? Lowland Perceptions of the Highlands, Medieval and Modern

9707: 9634: 9567: 9495: 9472: 9449: 7488: 7457: 1414:. Likewise, since the 1990s, academics have accorded Walter various occupational names in English secondary sources: 664: 12436:

Stevenson, JB (1986). "Proceedings of the Summer Meeting of the Royal Archaeological Institute in Glasgow in 1986".

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Woolf, A (2005). "The Origins and Ancestry of Somerled: Gofraid mac Fergusa and 'The Annals of the Four Masters'".

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Strickland, MJ (2012). "The Kings of Scots at War, c. 1093–1286". In Spiers, EM; Crang, JA; Strickland, MJ (eds.).

12082: 10051:"'The Saints of the Scottish Country will Fight Today': Robert the Bruce's Alliance With the Saints at Bannockburn" 9505:

Barrow, GWS (1995). "Witnesses and the Attestation of Formal Documents in Scotland, Twelfth–Thirteenth Centuries".

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Simpson, G; Webster, B (2004) . "Charter Evidence and Distribution of Mottes in Scotland". In Stringer, KJ (ed.).

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Like the priory of Wenlock, Paisley Priory was dedicated in part to St Milburga. It was also dedicated in part to

757:. The presence of Scots in this multi-ethnic fighting force is specifically attested by the twelfth-century texts 1901:

Until the generation of Walter's great-grandson, his branch of the Fitz Alan family alternated between the names

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Malcolm IV as he is depicted in a mid-twelfth-century royal charter. Walter may have campaigned with the king on

12615:"Formalising Aristocratic Power in Royal Acta in Late Twelfth- and Early Thirteenth-Century France and Scotland" 10482:

SB, Edgington (2015). "The Capture of Lisbon: Premeditated or Opportunistic?". In Roche, JT; Jensen, JM (eds.).

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in 1147. There is reason to suspect that Walter was amongst the Scots who took part in the campaign to liberate

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Webb, NM (2003). "Settlement and Integration: The Establishment of an Aristocracy in Scotland (1124–1214)". In

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Seanchas: Studies in Early and Medieval Irish Archaeology, History and Literature in Honour of Francis J. Byrne

1914: 10521:; Gallagher, D; Holden, T; Hunter, F; Sanderson, D; Thoms, J (2004). "Dundonald Castle Excavations, 1986–93". 10406:

Durkan, J (1998). "Cadder and Environs, and the Development of the Church in Glasgow in the Twelfth Century".

913:. The counter-seal shows a warrior, holding with a spear or staff in his right hand, leaning against a pillar. 12482: 11811:

The Earls of Strathearn From the Twelfth to the Mid-Fourteenth Century, With an Edition of Their Written Acts

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Ferguson, J (1899). "Address Delivered to the Berwickshire Naturalists' Club at Berwick, 14th October 1896".

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Clancy, TO (2012). "Scottish Literature Before Scottish Literature". In Carruthers, G; McIlvanney, L (eds.).

7419: 1228: 287:, Walter's successor. The couple may have also been the parents of a Christina, a woman who married into the 12853: 9244:. Scriptores Rerum Germanicarum In Usum Scholarum Ex Monumentis Germaniae Historicis Recusi. Hanover: Hahn. 12963: 10139:

Davies, JR (2009). "Bishop Kentigern Among the Britons". In Boardman, S; Davies, JR; Williamson, E (eds.).

9718: 608: 561: 553: 12354:"Peoples and Languages in Eleventh- and Twelfth-Century Britain and Ireland: Reading the Charter Evidence" 8936:

Origines Parochiales Scotiae: The Antiquities, Ecclesiastical and Territorial, of the Parishes of Scotland

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Ordnance Gazetteer of Scotland: A Survey of Scottish Topography, Statistical, Biographical, and Historical

1543:. Whilst the steward was responsible for the king's household, the constable was in command of the king's 975:. Christina's kinship with Walter's family could account for the Dunbars' later possession of Birkenside. 12290:(2000). "Hebridean Sea Kings: The Successors of Somerled, 1164–1316". In Cowan, EJ; McDonald, RA (eds.). 11640: 9917: 9464: 9403: 9227: 8661: 8567: 7512: 1436: 765: 703: 1224: 12349: 10570: 10086: 10023: 9679: 9621:

Barrow, GWS; Royan, A (2004) . "James Fifth Stewart of Scotland, 1260(?)–1309". In Stringer, KJ (ed.).

9339: 8686: 7449: 7398: 1160: 1150:—appear to reflect the remarkable reach of power that this man possessed at his peak. According to the 759: 11632:"'Soldiers Most Unfortunate': Gaelic and Scoto-Norse Opponents of the Canmore Dynasty, c. 100–c. 1230" 1650:

In Scotland, devotion to St James appears to have been peculiar to Walter's family. The personal name

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Hammond, M (2013). "Introduction: The Paradox of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1286". In Hammond, M (ed.).

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submitted to the Scots before the end of the year. Specifically, according to the thirteenth-century

972: 416: 394: 201: 11262:"Lives of Scottish Saints in the Aberdeen Breviary: Some Problems of Sources for Strathclyde Saints" 10748:

Grant, A (2008). "Franchises North of the Border: Baronies and Regalities in Medieval Scotland". In

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The Kingdom of the Scots: Government, Church and Society From the Eleventh to the Fourteenth Century

848:-speaking at the time, and it is possible that these languages were then mutually intelligible with 12993: 12988: 12978: 12712:

Wadden, P (2014). "Cath Ruis na Ríg for Bóinn: History and Literature in Twelfth-Century Ireland".

12203: 11920: 11780: 8735: 8554: 8498: 8464: 8430: 8396: 8362: 8328: 8294: 8260: 8226: 8192: 8158: 8124: 8090: 8056: 8022: 7988: 7954: 7920: 7886: 7852: 7818: 7784: 7750: 7716: 7682: 7648: 7614: 7580: 1023: 397:. Following Henry's death in 1135, the Fitz Alans evidently sided with David in his support of the 371: 355: 268: 192: – 1177) was a twelfth-century Anglo-Norman baron who became a Scottish magnate and 9559: 12595: 12006: 11298: 10951: 10244: 9626: 9551: 7502: 7403: 1125: 444: 10789:

The First Hundred Years of Paisley Abbey's Patrons: The Stewart Family and Their Tenants to 1241

1573:

This charter is one of several that mark the first appearance of Walter in contemporary sources.

378:, by way of a grant from his brother, William. There is reason to suspect that Walter also held 12958: 12953: 11814: 11644: 11631: 11059: 10730: 10178: 7352: 1772: 746: 567:

In 1161×1162, Malcolm confirmed Walter's stewardship, and confirmed David's grants of Renfrew,

526: 12380:

Shead, NF (2003). "Jocelin, Abbot of Melrose (1170–1174), and Bishop of Glasgow (1175–1199)".

10844: 9699: 8528: 12933: 12769:

Land Assessment and Military Organisation in the Norse Settlements in Scotland, c.900–1266 AD

9733: 9665: 9393: 8647: 8585: 1536: 1176: 698:

in about 1163. This religious house was initially established at Renfrew—at King's Inch near

644: 568: 518: 498: 481: 473: 304: 11772: 11672:

The World of the Galloglass: Kings, Warlords and Warriors in Ireland and Scotland, 1200–1600

10925: 10836: 10722: 10170: 9864:

Cill- Names and Saints in Argyll: A Way Towards Understanding the Early Church in Dál Riata?

9809:. Glasgow: Centre for Scottish and Celtic Studies, University of Glasgow. pp. 235–290. 9691: 12938: 10974: 10558: 9978: 9952: 9925: 9046: 1777: 1750: 1315: 1147: 1022:

The circumstances surrounding these invasions are unclear; what is clear, however, is that

1015: 742: 738: 272: 12365:. Glasgow: Centre for Scottish and Celtic Studies, University of Glasgow. pp. 1–119. 8: 12184: 11773: 11409:

Martin, C (2014). "A Maritime Dominion — Sea-Power and the Lordship". In Oram, RD (ed.).

11025:

The New Coastal History: Cultural and Environmental Perspectives From Scotland and Beyond

10213: 9487: 9091: 9024: 8984: 8893: 8752: 8729: 8680: 8510: 7552: 7346: 1630: 1440: 1083: 193: 49: 11691:

Manx Kingship in its Irish Sea Setting, 1187–1229: King Rǫgnvaldr and the Crovan Dynasty

10625: 9644:

Beam, A (2011). "The Paradox of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1286 (PoMS) and Local History".

9292:

Alexander, D (2000). "Excavation of a Medieval Moated Site in Elderslie, Renfrewshire".

8901: 1771:

On at least two occasions that may date before 1134, David temporarily based himself at

1582:

Although William confirmed this grant, Walter still owed the king service for the lands.

1354:

began to be borne by Walter's descendants. Specifically, his like-named great-grandson,

1262: 671:

Walter was a benefactor of Melrose Abbey, and granted this religious house the lands of

12700: 12683:

Wadden, P (2013). "Do Feartaib Cairnich, Ireland and Scotland in the Twelfth Century".

12652: 12636: 12534: 12501: 12453: 12397: 12142: 12128: 12112: 12049: 12023: 11992: 11976: 11957:

Oram, RD (2001). "Review of J Marsden, Somerled and the Emergence of Gaelic Scotland".

11900: 11884: 11855: 11839: 11733: 11717: 11579: 11563: 11534: 11472: 11389: 11273: 11240: 11215: 11207: 11181: 11164: 11110: 11094: 11028: 10616: 10589: 10546: 10530: 10487: 10462: 10425: 10386: 10348: 10332: 10127: 10119: 10103: 9996: 9905: 9889: 9849: 9833: 9522: 9420: 9364: 9348: 9325: 9309: 9201: 9181: 9161: 9020: 8806: 7442: 1638: 1625:, who could have been locally associated with Paisely. The priory of Paisley became an 1597: 1540: 1503: 1111: 1038: 841: 506: 12228:

Transactions of the Dumfriesshire and Galloway Natural History and Antiquarian Society

9758:

Transactions of the Dumfriesshire and Galloway Natural History and Antiquarian Society

8854: 8834: 8790:

Liber Sancte Marie de Melrose: Munimenta Vetustiora Monasterii Cisterciensis de Melros

8772:

Liber Sancte Marie de Melrose: Munimenta Vetustiora Monasterii Cisterciensis de Melros

7393: 1348:("steward of Scotland"). It was also during this generation that forms of the surname 1333:, does not appear to have equalled Walter's consistent attendance of the royal court. 12878: 12874: 12825: 12799: 12744: 12734: 12692: 12656: 12644: 12599: 12578: 12568: 12541: 12518: 12461: 12422: 12405: 12366: 12295: 12235: 12149: 12120: 12091: 12066: 12041: 11984: 11943: 11904: 11892: 11859: 11847: 11794: 11784: 11752: 11725: 11694: 11675: 11648: 11615: 11596: 11571: 11526: 11493: 11464: 11432: 11422: 11397: 11353: 11321: 11281: 11248: 11219: 11199: 11150: 11142: 11132: 11102: 11040: 11011: 11001: 10932: 10909: 10883: 10858: 10848: 10837: 10812: 10802: 10761: 10749: 10734: 10723: 10707: 10663: 10636: 10597: 10538: 10518: 10499: 10470: 10433: 10394: 10340: 10301: 10275: 10271: 10217: 10206: 10192: 10182: 10171: 10154: 10144: 10131: 10111: 10072: 10035: 10004: 9982: 9956: 9929: 9909: 9897: 9885: 9841: 9810: 9782: 9765: 9737: 9703: 9692: 9687: 9630: 9563: 9530: 9491: 9468: 9445: 9428: 9416: 9356: 9317: 9269: 9239: 9143: 9121: 9110: 9069: 9050: 9002: 8966: 8934: 8916: 8875: 8816: 8788: 8770: 8706: 8695: 8651: 8571: 8548: 8492: 8458: 8424: 8390: 8356: 8322: 8288: 8254: 8220: 8186: 8152: 8118: 8084: 8050: 8016: 7982: 7948: 7914: 7880: 7846: 7812: 7778: 7744: 7710: 7676: 7642: 7608: 7574: 7532: 7498: 7484: 7480: 7453: 7342: 1903: 1782: 1350: 1155: 1143: 1033:, once the Scots subdued the Gallovidians, the conquerors forced Fergus to retire to 1000: 688: 632: 379: 367: 240:

of Walter's holdings is uncertain, although there is reason to suspect it was either

12795: 12353: 12053: 11261: 11228: 9797: 8808:

Liber S. Marie de Calchou: Registrum Cartarum Abbacie Tironensis de Kelso, 1113–1567

655: 643:

in Shropshire. As such, the vast majority of his holdings were located north of the

12791: 12772: 12669: 12628: 12491: 12449: 12445: 12389: 12322: 12260: 12031: 12015: 11968: 11924: 11876: 11831: 11748:

The Language of Authority: The Expression of Status in the Scottish Medieval Castle

11708:

McDonald, RA; McLean, SA (1992). "Somerled of Argyll: A New Look at Old Problems".

11555: 11518: 11509: 11456: 11414: 11381: 11302: 11189: 11173: 11128: 11086: 11063: 11032: 10978: 10955: 10875: 10872:

Medieval Legal Process: Physical, Spoken and Written Performance in the Middle Ages

10699: 10584: 10579: 10495: 10491: 10454: 10417: 10408: 10378: 10324: 10248: 10095: 10062: 10027: 9943:

Carroll, WC (2003). "Theories of Kingship in Shakespeare's England". In Dutton, R;

9881: 9653: 9594: 9555: 9514: 9412: 9301: 9087: 8818:

Liber S. Marie de Dryburgh: Registrum Cartarum Abbacie Premonstratensis de Dryburgh

8638: 8633: 8602: 8597: 7538: 7429: 1812: 1448: 1363: 1330: 1102: 1089: 829: 790: 750: 717: 502: 440: 359: 328: 264: 241: 217: 209: 150: 129: 79: 12341: 12279: 11880: 9613: 9148:. Rerum Britannicarum Medii Ævi Scriptores. Vol. 1. Longmans, Green, and Co. 8956: 8700:. Rerum Britannicarum Medii Ævi Scriptores. Vol. 3. London: Longman & Co. 1480:

These three sons of Alan and Avelina appear to have had a half-brother, a certain

435:(steward). He served in this capacity for three successive Scottish kings: David, 12821: 12726: 12551: 12473: 12190: 12180: 12159: 11972: 11822:

Neville, CJ (2005). "Women, Charters and Land Ownership in Scotland, 1150–1350".

11806: 11658: 11447:(1992). "Ireland in the Time of St. Bernard, St. Malachy, St. Laurence O'Toole". 10642: 10610: 10263: 10227: 10166: 10031: 9970: 9683: 9245: 9221: 9149: 9127: 9097: 9075: 9056: 9034: 9008: 8990: 8972: 8940: 8922: 8881: 8822: 8794: 8776: 8758: 8739: 8716: 8665: 8630:

Joannis de Fordun Scotichronicon cum Supplementis ac Continuatione Walteri Boweri

8615: 8611: 8577: 8533:

Models of Authority: Scottish Charters and the Emergence of Government, 1100–1250

8516: 7463: 7437: 7423: 7356: 1609: 1444: 1371: 849: 794: 722: 702:—before removing to Paisley within a few years. The fact that Walter made this a 640: 530: 402: 332: 300: 256: 197: 166: 12786:

Wingfield, E (2017). "Barbour, John (The Brus)". In Echard, S; Rouse, R (eds.).

12065:. The New Edinburgh History of Scotland. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. 11336: 11036: 9401:

Barrow, GWS (1975). "The Pattern of Lordship and Feudal Settlement in Cumbria".

12326: 12264: 10901: 10879: 10486:. Outremer: Studies in the Crusades and the Latin East. Vol. 2. Turnhout: 9944: 9598: 9139: 8952: 8897: 8712: 8625: 8563: 7521: 7388:. Publications of the Scottish History Society. Edinburgh: T. and A. Constable. 7369: 1868: 1719: 1674: 1561: 1464: 1367: 1287: 1227:, a claimant to the Scottish throne, descended from an elder brother of David, 1131: 1075: 1034: 955: 897:(image a) and counter-seal (image b). The front of the seal displays a mounted 853: 845: 754: 707: 699: 695: 660: 636: 363: 308: 249: 245: 116: 63: 12632: 12311: 12249: 12019: 11835: 11559: 11418: 11385: 11177: 11015: 10721:

Goldstein, RJ (2002) . "Writing in Scotland, 1058–1560". In Wallace, D (ed.).

10458: 10421: 9779:

Scottish Independence and the Idea of Britain: From the Picts to Alexander III

9583: 9518: 9337:

Bannerman, J (1989). "The King's Poet and the Inauguration of Alexander III".

9305: 8754:

Annals of the Reigns of Malcolm and William, Kings of Scotland, A.D. 1153–1214

1366:

without having possessed the office of steward. Walter was the founder of the

800: 393:

Walter appears to have arrived in Scotland in about 1136, during the reign of

386:. He also held land at "Conelon" or "Couten", a place that possibly refers to 248:. Walter was a benefactor of several religious houses, and was the founder of 212:

in about 1150, and served as such for three successive Scottish kings: David,

12927: 12912: 12748: 12696: 12648: 12640: 12582: 12505: 12465: 12457: 12409: 12401: 12360: 12239: 12124: 12116: 12095: 12045: 12027: 11988: 11980: 11896: 11888: 11851: 11843: 11798: 11729: 11721: 11575: 11567: 11530: 11489: 11468: 11436: 11401: 11393: 11366: 11357: 11285: 11277: 11252: 11244: 11203: 11185: 11146: 11106: 11098: 11090: 10897: 10862: 10816: 10757: 10601: 10593: 10542: 10534: 10514: 10474: 10466: 10437: 10429: 10398: 10390: 10382: 10344: 10336: 10262:

Duffy, S (1999). "Ireland and Scotland, 1014–1169: Contacts and Caveats". In

10196: 10158: 10115: 10107: 10076: 10067: 10050: 9901: 9893: 9845: 9837: 9804: 9769: 9741: 9534: 9526: 9432: 9424: 9376: 9360: 9352: 9321: 9313: 9257: 8472: 8438: 8404: 8370: 8336: 8302: 8268: 8234: 8200: 8166: 8132: 8098: 8064: 8030: 7996: 7962: 7928: 7894: 1909: 1700: 1319: 1256: 1239: 1028: 1004: 988: 938: 894: 881: 869: 804: 684: 548: 510: 494: 406: 263:

in 1147. He probably assisted Malcolm in the series of Scottish invasions of

220:. In time, the stewardship became hereditarily held by Walter's descendants. 105: 12496: 12477: 12393: 12220: 10646: 10445:

Durkan, J (2003). "Cowal Part of Strathclyde in the Early Twelfth Century".

10328: 10143:. Studies in Celtic History. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press. pp. 66–90. 9750: 9383:. Regesta Regum Scottorum, 1153–1424. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. 9249: 9153: 9131: 9101: 9079: 9060: 9012: 8994: 8976: 8944: 8926: 8885: 8826: 8798: 8780: 8720: 7690: 7656: 7622: 7588: 619:

in the realm. For this grant, Walter owed his sovereign the service of five

12555: 12287: 12194: 11912: 11662: 11444: 10971:

Masculine Identity in Medieval Scotland: Gender, Ethnicity, and Regionality

10655: 10315:

Duncan, AAM (2005). "The Foundation of St Andrews Cathedral Priory, 1140".

10297: 10231: 9977:. Wiley Blackwell Classic Histories of England (4th ed.). Chichester: 9951:. Blackwell Companions to Literature and Culture. Vol. 2. Malden, MA: 9725: 9657: 9038: 8907: 8762: 8743: 8520: 8506: 7860: 7826: 7792: 7758: 7724: 7543: 7467: 7360: 1881:("household guardian"). These terms were equivalents of the Middle English/ 1808: 1652: 1468: 1456: 1267: 1217:, the Meic Máel Coluim, in an unsuccessful coup after David's death. These 1138:

The various depictions of Somairle's forces—stated to have been drawn from

1071: 947: 12900: 12854:"The Song of the Death of Somerled and the Destruction of Glasgow in 1153" 12163: 11771:

Murray, N (2005). "Swerving From the Path of Justice". In Oram, RD (ed.).

11056:

The Development of Dunfermline Abbey as a Royal Cult Centre, c.1070–c.1420

10703: 1234: 456: 319: 10776: 10677:

Fox, PA (2009). "The Archbishops of Dol and the Origin of the Stewarts".

9235: 8671: 7523:

Catalogue of Seals in the Department of Manuscripts in the British Museum

1875: 1622: 1435:

In the fourteenth century, during the reign of Walter's royal descendant

996: 932: 711: 680: 584: 534: 461: 398: 296: 292: 225: 200:

and Avelina de Hesdin. In about 1136, Walter entered into the service of

12704: 12132: 11737: 11583: 11476: 11211: 11114: 10550: 10352: 10003:. Vol. 1. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 123–131. 9853: 9368: 9329: 8903:

Chronica Regvm Manniæ et Insvlarvm: The Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys

7511:. Publications of the Scottish History Society. Vol. 2. Edinburgh: 1329:

of the monastery. He was buried at Paisley. Walter's son and successor,

12813: 12674: 11538: 11320:. Vol. 1. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 91–102. 11077:

Lewis, J (2003). "Excavations and Crookston Castle, Glasgow, 1973–75".

10983: 9030: 1882: 1593: 1548: 1326: 1046: 770: 542: 514: 477: 469: 436: 383: 351: 288: 233: 213: 92: 12777: 12536:

Earl David of Huntingdon, 1152–1219: A Study in Anglo-Scottish History

11996: 11929: 11593:

The Kingdom of the Isles: Scotland's Western Seaboard, c. 1100–c. 1336

11194: 11068: 10253: 10123: 12871:

In the Footsteps of William Wallace, In Scotland and Northern England

12036: 11460: 11449:

Seanchas Ardmhacha: Journal of the Armagh Diocesan Historical Society

11307: 10960: 10843:. Studies in Celtic History. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press. pp. 10792:. Scotland's Cluniac Heritage: The Abbeys of Paisley and Crossraguel. 10695: 10177:. Studies in Celtic History. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press. pp. 1704: 1511: 1344:("steward of the king of Scotland") came to be replaced by the style 1279: 1190:

as it appears on folio 133r of Cambridge Corpus Christi College 139 (

1042: 782: 672: 604: 596: 588: 580: 557: 11522: 10563:"The Houses of Fitz-Alan and Stuart: Their Origin and Early History" 490: 12913:"Eschiva of Mow/London, Wife of Walter son of Alan (I) the Steward" 10993: 10787: 10099: 8592:. Records of civilization, sources and studies.no. XXIV. New York: 7383: 1786: 1696: 1673:

Renfrew was made a burgh during David's reign. The first notice of

1391: 1242:. Somairle may have attempted to regain these lands from the Scots. 1172: 951: 774: 676: 576: 124: 57: 11867:

Neville, CJ (2016). "The Beginnings of Royal Pardon in Scotland".

11367:"Dewars and Relics in Scotland: Some Clarifications and Questions" 11154: 10484:

The Second Crusade: Holy War on the Periphery of Latin Christendom

7506: 339:) and Avelina de Hesdin. Alan and Avelina had three sons: Jordan, 12733:. Vol. 25. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press. pp. 227–238. 8915:

Neilson, G (1923). "Birkenside and the Stewardship of Scotland".

7428:. Rerum Britannicarum Medii Ævi Scriptores. Vol. 2. London: 1634: 1460: 1251:

in about 1136. This source records the Scottish Crown's claim to

837: 778: 628: 616: 600: 592: 538: 465: 375: 347: 229: 12757: 12567:. Vol. 19. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press. pp. 99–119. 11761: 11125:

Treason: Medieval and Early Modern Adultery, Betrayal, and Shame

10825: 9862: 9751:"Fergus of Galloway: Miscellaneous Notes for a Revised Portrait" 1564:

came to be variously known as "Kyle Stewart" or "Walter's Kyle".

749:. In the spring of 1147, Scots joined an Anglo-Flemish fleet in 706:

could be evidence that he was personally devoted to the Cluniac

11595:. Scottish Historical Monographs. East Linton: Tuckwell Press. 10801:. Studies in Celtic History. The Boydell Press. pp. 1–52. 9682:(2002). "Late Medieval Scotland and the Matter of Britain". In 1715: 1544: 1510:, an unnamed steward of David was highly jealous of the future 1452: 1248: 1139: 910: 902: 898: 816: 786: 726: 620: 572: 1443:(died 1395) composed a now non-existent history of the ruling 303:; he is therefore an ancestor of every Scottish monarch since 12816:(2004). "The Age of Sea-Kings, 900–1300". In Omand, D (ed.). 12362:

The Reality Behind Charter Diplomatic in Anglo-Norman Britain

11295:

The Impact of the Crusading Movement in Scotland, 1095–c.1560

10998:

The International Companion to Scottish Literature, 1400–1650

9806:

The Reality Behind Charter Diplomatic in Anglo-Norman Britain

1731:

In a grant to Paisley Abbey, Eschina is styled "lady of Mow".

1626: 1291: 906: 825: 820: 812: 730: 612: 448: 387: 260: 237: 10906:

The Oxford Dictionary of Family Names in Britain and Ireland

10641:. Vol. 16. Alnwick: Henry Hunter Blair. pp. 1–16. 8697:

Chronicles of the Reigns of Stephen, Henry II, and Richard I

1223:—possibly nephews or grandsons of Somairle—were the sons of 62:

Walter's name and title as it appears in a royal charter to

10839:

The Cult of Saints and the Virgin Mary in Medieval Scotland

10173:

The Cult of Saints and the Virgin Mary in Medieval Scotland

8921:. Vol. 24. Neill and Co: Edinburgh. pp. 126–147. 1712: 12517:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 94–132. 7348:

Scottish Annals From English Chroniclers, A.D. 500 to 1286

1535:

Whereas Walter became the king's steward, Hugh became the

631:

in which the king invested the cathedral with assets from

336: 10692:

Norman Expansion: Connections, Continuities and Contrasts

9824:

Brown, JTT (1927). "The Origin of the House of Stewart".

9168:(8 February 2016 ed.). University College Cork. 2016 1686:

The castle was probably the family's caput in North Kyle.

639:. In 1165, Walter is stated to have held lands worth two 12565:

The Haskins Society Journal: Studies in Medieval History

12204:"The Origin of the Stewarts and their Chesney Connexion" 9208:(6 January 2017 ed.). University College Cork. 2017 9188:(29 August 2008 ed.). University College Cork. 2008 8958:

A Tour in Scotland and Voyage to the Hebrides, MDCCLXXII

1390:

Since the 1990s, academics have accorded Walter various

832:, an earth and timber fortress, as his principal caput. 663:. Walter appears to have been a devotee of this English 419:

as he is depicted in a mid-twelfth-century royal charter

255:

There is reason to suspect that Walter took part in the

12594:. Oxford Studies in Medieval European History. Oxford: 12103:

Powicke, FM (1925). "The Dispensator of King David I".

10931:(3rd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 9798:"The Presence of Witnesses and the Writing of Charters" 8861:(21 June 2016 ed.). University College Cork. 2016b 8841:(21 June 2016 ed.). University College Cork. 2016a 7385:

A Scottish Chronicle Known as the Chronicle of Holyrood

12592:

The Shape of the State in Medieval Scotland, 1124–1290

10754:

Liberties and Identities in the Medieval British Isles

10370:

Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland

1502:

A rannaire active during David's reign was a certain

1358:, is the first such descendant known to have adopted 1336:

It was during the tenure of Walter's great-grandson,

12080:

Pollock, M (2005). "Rebels of the West, 1209–1216".

11637:

History, Literature, and Music in Scotland, 700–1560

10725:

The Cambridge History of Medieval English Literature

828:

at Dundonald could indicate that Walter constructed

737:

Walter's priory at Paisley was dedicated in part to

12221:"The Partition of a Kingdom: Strathclyde 1092–1153" 10208:

Alba: The Gaelic Kingdom of Scotland, AD 800 – 1124

7371:

Early Sources of Scottish History, A.D. 500 to 1286

1807:The first of Walter's family to hold lordship over 1455:. In the sixteenth century, the Scottish historian 1290:, the islands of the Clyde, the southern shores of 807:. Walter founded the original priory in about 1163. 314: 12858:Journal of the Sydney Society for Scottish History 12788:The Encyclopedia of Medieval Literature in Britain 12533: 12310: 12259:(January 2008 ed.). Oxford University Press. 12248: 12175:(PhD thesis). Vol. 1. University of Aberdeen. 12144:Lost Kingdoms: Celtic Scotland and the Middle Ages 12141: 11630: 10924: 10756:. Regions and Regionalism in History. Woodbridge: 10205: 9698:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 9582: 9126:. Vol. 1. Glasgow: James Maclehose and Sons. 8961:. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). London: Benj. White. 8590:De Expugnatione Lyxbonensi: The Conquest of Lisbon 7441: 1842:Alexander's father (Walter's like-named grandson) 323:Locations relating to the life and times of Walter 12294:. East Linton: Tuckwell Press. pp. 187–218. 11766:(PhD thesis). Vol. 1. University of Glasgow. 11614:. East Linton: Tuckwell Press. pp. 166–186. 10362:"Argyll and the Isles in the Earlier Middle Ages" 9867:(PhD thesis). Vol. 1. University of Glasgow. 9241:Ottonis et Rahewini Gesta Friderici I Imperatoris 9071:John of Fordun's Chronicle of the Scottish Nation 8793:. Vol. 2. Edinburgh: Bannatyne Club. 1837b. 8775:. Vol. 1. Edinburgh: Bannatyne Club. 1837a. 7448:. Regesta Regum Scottorum, 1153–1424. Edinburgh: 370:. Walter was a minor English landholder. He held 331:. He was born in about 1110. Walter was a son of 12925: 10908:. Vol. 4. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 10799:New Perspectives on Medieval Scotland, 1093–1286 10296:. The Edinburgh History of Scotland. Edinburgh: 9924:(EPUB). The Penguin History of Britain. London: 9381:The Acts of Malcolm IV, King of Scots, 1153–1165 1484:, descended from Avelina and her second husband. 11229:"Early Christian Govan: The Historical Context" 8811:. Vol. 1. Edinburgh: Bannatyne Club. 1846. 7444:The Acts of William I, King of Scots, 1165–1214 611:, as well as a toft with twenty acres in every 11266:Records of the Scottish Church History Society 11233:Records of the Scottish Church History Society 10020:The Cambridge Companion to Scottish Literature 9719:"The Gaelic World and the Early Stewart Court" 9484:Scotland and its Neighbours in the Middle Ages 7534:Monachi Anonymi Scoti Chronicon Anglo-Scoticum 6463:pp. 69 § 84, 70 § 85; 333–334 § 84, 334 § 85; 1707:. The legend on the seal's front face reads: " 11674:. Dublin: Four Courts Press. pp. 45–76. 10638:History of the Berwickshire Naturalists' Club 8939:. Vol. 1. Edinburgh: W.H. Lizars. 1851. 8918:History of the Berwickshire Naturalist's Club 12685:Proceedings of the Harvard Celtic Colloquium 12620:Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 12321:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 11917:The Lordship of Galloway, c. 1000 to c. 1250 11318:The Edinburgh History of Scottish Literature 11127:. Explorations in Medieval Culture. Leiden: 10927:The Cambridge Guide to Literature in English 10001:The Edinburgh History of Scottish Literature 9593:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 8632:. Vol. 1. Edinburgh: Roberti Flaminii. 6321: 6319: 1056:Somairle mac Gilla Brigte, King of the Isles 721:An early-twentieth-century depiction of the 277:Somairle mac Gilla Brigte, King of the Isles 32:Walter Stewart, 3rd High Steward of Scotland 12419:Essays on the Nobility of Medieval Scotland 12063:Domination and Lordship: Scotland 1070–1230 10241:Ireland and the Irish Sea Region, 1014–1318 9922:The Struggle For Mastery: Britain 1066–1284 9670:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of May 2024 ( 9623:Essays on the Nobility of Medieval Scotland 9052:Johannis de Fordun Chronica Gentis Scotorum 8731:Early Scottish Charters, prior to A.D. 1153 4868: 4866: 2747: 2745: 2743: 1602: 1521: 1515: 1459:claimed that Walter's father was a certain 1218: 1212: 1196: 950:. Alan's seal is the earliest depiction of 430: 424: 307:and every English or British monarch since 267:in 1160, which resulted in the downfall of 12901:"Walter Stewart (I), son of Alan (d.1177)" 10994:"Historiography in Highlands and Lowlands" 10630:. Vol. 7. London: John Russell Smith. 9732:. Centre for Scottish and Celtic Studies, 8573:Regesta Regum Anglo-Normannorum, 1066–1154 7113:pp. 61–63 § 72, 64–*64 § *72, 65–66 § 74; 6436: 6434: 4704: 4702: 4580: 4578: 893:Nineteenth-century depictions of Walter's 56: 12776: 12673: 12540:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. 12495: 12421:. Edinburgh: John Donald. pp. 1–24. 12148:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. 12035: 11928: 11306: 11193: 11067: 10982: 10959: 10662:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 10583: 10252: 10066: 9781:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. 9560:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198203643.001.0001 8656:. Vol. 6. Edinburgh: Thomas C. Jack. 8637: 8620:. Vol. 6, pt. 2. London: James Bohn. 8601: 7542: 6316: 6289:Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 139 6040: 6038: 3427: 3425: 3423: 3421: 3419: 1709:SIGILLVM·WALTERI·FILII·ALANI DAPIFERI·REG 1699:. It was attached to a charter of his to 1641:and St Mirin and St Milburga of Paisley". 745:to the shrine of St James the Greater at 650: 12771:(PhD thesis). University of St Andrews. 12292:Alba: Celtic Scotland in the Middle Ages 11612:Alba: Celtic Scotland in the Middle Ages 10055:International Review of Scottish Studies 9442:The Anglo-Norman Era in Scottish History 4863: 2740: 2730: 2728: 2591:pp. 145 § 377, 146 § 378, 302–303 § 821. 1844:Walter fitz Alan II, Steward of Scotland 1514:who apparently also acted as a steward ( 1309: 1261: 1233: 1211:reports that he backed the cause of his 1181: 1109:, the thirteenth- to fourteenth-century 1065: 982: 937: 799: 716: 654: 547: 455: 411: 318: 295:families. Walter was an ancestor of the 12790:. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 1–2. 12318:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 12256:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 9694:Scottish History: The Power of the Past 9590:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 7526:. Vol. 4. London: Longmans and Co. 7374:. Vol. 2. London: Oliver and Boyd. 6431: 4699: 4575: 2800: 2798: 2796: 2292:Batho; Husbands; Chambers et al. (1941) 1305: 14: 12926: 12917:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 12905:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 11337:"Balinclog: A Lost Parish in Ayrshire" 9461:Kingship and Unity: Scotland 1000–1306 9115:. Vol. 4, pt. 1. London: Seeleys. 8477:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 8443:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 8409:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 8375:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 8341:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 8307:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 8273:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 8239:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 8205:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 8171:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 8137:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 8103:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 8069:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 8035:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 8001:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 7967:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 7933:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 7899:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 7865:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 7831:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 7797:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 7763:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 7729:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 7695:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 7661:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 7627:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 7593:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371 6093:Ewart; Pringle; Caldwell et al. (2004) 6035: 5932:Ewart; Pringle; Caldwell et al. (2004) 5782:Ewart; Pringle; Caldwell et al. (2004) 5290:Ewart; Pringle; Caldwell et al. (2004) 5110:Ewart; Pringle; Caldwell et al. (2004) 5070:Ewart; Pringle; Caldwell et al. (2004) 5050:Ewart; Pringle; Caldwell et al. (2004) 4387:Ewart; Pringle; Caldwell et al. (2004) 4351:Ewart; Pringle; Caldwell et al. (2004) 4321:Ewart; Pringle; Caldwell et al. (2004) 3416: 3294:Ewart; Pringle; Caldwell et al. (2004) 3274:Ewart; Pringle; Caldwell et al. (2004) 3254:Ewart; Pringle; Caldwell et al. (2004) 3144:Ewart; Pringle; Caldwell et al. (2004) 2768:Ewart; Pringle; Caldwell et al. (2004) 2632:Ewart; Pringle; Caldwell et al. (2004) 2195:Ewart; Pringle; Caldwell et al. (2004) 2099:Ewart; Pringle; Caldwell et al. (2004) 1662:Alexander Stewart, Steward of Scotland 1338:Alexander Stewart, Steward of Scotland 1154:, Somairle landed at Renfrew, and was 1087:, the fifteenth- to sixteenth-century 995:Walter witnessed an act by Malcolm at 358:. Previous to this, Alan had acted as 12189:. New York: Longmans Green & Co. 12186:Studies in Peerage and Family History 10212:. The Making of Scotland. Edinburgh: 9584:"Stewart Family (per. c.1110–c.1350)" 8880:. Edinburgh: William Green and Sons. 4673:pp. 113 § 146, 114 § 147, 115 § 148; 2725: 2219: 2217: 2215: 1165:Baldwin, Sheriff of Lanark/Clydesdale 859: 409:, which records Walter as a witness. 18:Walter fitz Alan, Steward of Scotland 12762:(PhD thesis). University of Glasgow. 12668:(PhD thesis). University of Guelph. 11345:The Journal of Scottish Name Studies 10830:(PhD thesis). University of Glasgow. 10781:(PhD thesis). University of Glasgow. 9544:"The Scots and the North of England" 9284: 9145:Chronica Magistri Rogeri de Houedene 9074:. Edinburgh: Edmonston and Douglas. 9055:. Edinburgh: Edmonston and Douglas. 2793: 1439:(died 1390), the Scottish historian 1284:Óláfr Guðrøðarson, King of the Isles 942:A seal of Walter and Eschina's son, 811:Renfrew may well have served as the 12173:The Province of Moray, c. 1000–1230 10513:Ewart, G; Pringle, D; Caldwell, D; 10294:Scotland: The Making of the Kingdom 9548:The Anarchy of King Stephen's Reign 8971:. Edinburgh: Bannatyne Club. 1842. 8821:. Edinburgh: Bannatyne Club. 1847. 1506:. According to the twelfth-century 24: 11775:The Reign of Alexander II, 1214–49 9949:A Companion to Shakespeare's Works 8682:The Isle of Bute in the Olden Time 7334: 2212: 1658:James Stewart, Steward of Scotland 969:William de Brus, Lord of Annandale 25: 13005: 12893: 10141:Saints' Cults in the Celtic World 9975:England and its Rulers, 1066–1307 9096:. Edinburgh: The Bannatyne Club. 8986:Registrum Episcopatus Glasguensis 6555:Registrum Episcopatus Glasguensis 4469:p. 126 §§ 769–770, pl. 3 fig. 1; 4277:Registrum Episcopatus Glasguensis 3402:Registrum Episcopatus Glasguensis 1867:is specifically derived from the 1749:At a later date, Somairle's son, 1370:, from which descended the royal 299:, from which descended the royal 30:For his like-named grandson, see 12974:English people of Breton descent 12969:Christians of the Second Crusade 12083:Cambrian Medieval Celtic Studies 9886:10.1179/007660909X12457506806243 9112:The Church Historians of England 8989:. Vol. 1. Edinburgh. 1843. 7313: 7301: 7285: 7273: 7257: 7229: 7217: 7205: 7189: 7177: 7163:Registrum Monasterii de Passelet 7151: 7116:Registrum Monasterii de Passelet 7097: 7085: 7069: 7053: 7013: 6965: 6953: 6941: 6929: 6917: 6901: 6885: 6865: 6845: 6797: 6757: 6729: 6717: 6705: 6689: 6661: 6649: 6637: 6632:Caldwell; Hall; Wilkinson (2009) 6625: 6613: 6597: 6585: 6569: 6552:pp. 95–96 § 125, 361–362 § 125; 6527: 6515: 6487: 6446: 6403: 6355: 6343: 6331: 6296: 6273: 6246: 6230: 6170: 6158: 6122: 6086: 6070: 6050: 6015: 5995: 5981:Registrum Monasterii de Passelet 5961: 5921: 5905: 5885: 5859: 5835: 5755: 5703: 5679: 5643: 5511: 5437: 5359: 5284:pp. 54, 67–68, 76, 85, 111–113; 5255: 5250:Caldwell; Hall; Wilkinson (2009) 5243: 5238:Caldwell; Hall; Wilkinson (2009) 5231: 5226:Caldwell; Hall; Wilkinson (2009) 5219: 5199: 5179: 5163: 5143: 5127: 5115: 5103: 5088:pp. 136–137, 136–137 n. 1, 189; 5063: 5039: 5023: 4990: 4978: 4964:Registrum Monasterii de Passelet 4933: 4917: 4890: 4878: 4839: 4804: 4760: 4746:Registrum Monasterii de Passelet 4734: 4714: 4683: 4657: 4641: 4590: 4537: 4506: 4486: 4444: 4432: 4416: 4404: 4392: 4376: 4356: 4344: 4330:Registrum Monasterii de Passelet 4314: 4300:Registrum Monasterii de Passelet 4284: 4257: 4229: 4205: 4193: 4181: 4161: 4149: 4137: 4121: 4105: 4089: 4069: 4057: 4045: 3996:Registrum Monasterii de Passelet 3842:Registrum Monasterii de Passelet 3816:Registrum Monasterii de Passelet 3797:Registrum Monasterii de Passelet 3767:Registrum Monasterii de Passelet 3737:Registrum Monasterii de Passelet 3647:Registrum Monasterii de Passelet 3209:Registrum Monasterii de Passelet 2975:pp. 125 fig. 4, 131, 131 fig. 6. 2473:Registrum Monasterii de Passelet 1895: 1857: 1836: 1827: 1818: 1801: 1792: 1765: 1756: 1743: 1734: 1725: 1689: 1680: 1667: 1644: 1356:Walter Stewart, Earl of Menteith 880: 868: 350:knight who was granted lands in 315:Ancestry and arrival in Scotland 12796:10.1002/9781118396957.wbemlb040 11079:Scottish Archaeological Journal 10523:Scottish Archaeological Journal 10360:Duncan, AAM; Brown, AL (1959). 9294:Scottish Archaeological Journal 4017: 3980: 3948: 3932: 3904: 3880: 3868: 3856: 3830: 3804: 3781: 3751: 3721: 3661: 3579: 3553: 3523: 3511: 3465: 3453: 3437: 3378: 3315: 3299: 3287: 3267: 3247: 3235: 3223: 3097: 3074: 3062: 3050: 3038: 3022: 3010: 2990: 2978: 2966: 2950: 2938: 2918: 2898: 2886: 2862: 2826: 2810: 2777: 2761: 2701: 2685: 2661: 2625: 2594: 2578: 2566: 2522: 2494: 2457: 2437: 2425: 2405: 2389: 2377: 2361: 2349: 2333: 2321: 2297: 2277: 2261: 2245: 2229: 2200: 1874:, which in turn stems from the 1615: 1585: 1576: 1567: 1554: 1529: 1496: 1487: 1474: 1429: 1384: 679:. He also granted his lands in 12984:Lord high stewards of Scotland 12949:12th-century Scottish nobility 12515:A Military History of Scotland 12450:10.1080/00665983.1986.11021130 10992:Hogg, U; MacGregor, M (2018). 10585:10.1080/00665983.1856.10851014 10496:10.1484/M.OUTREMER-EB.5.105192 3087:pp. 126–128, 146–147 pl. 11a; 2615:pp. 108 § 141, 375–376 § 141; 2188: 2156: 2140: 2128: 2108: 2088: 1980: 1952: 1931: 1915:Alexander II, King of Scotland 1394:in English secondary sources: 635:, Cunningham, Strathgryfe and 591:. He also granted Walter West 399:contested English royal claims 13: 1: 12944:12th-century English nobility 12869:Young, A; Stead, MJ (2010) . 12664:Toledo Candelaria, M (2018). 11881:10.1080/03044181.2016.1212250 11763:Paisley Abbey and its Remains 11693:. Dublin: Four Courts Press. 7382:; Anderson, AO, eds. (1938). 7329: 7224:Hanks; Coates; McClure (2016) 7212:Hanks; Coates; McClure (2016) 7109:Liber Sancte Marie de Melrose 6634:pp. 161 fig. 6g, 185 fig. 12. 4832:Liber Sancte Marie de Melrose 4829:pp. 127 § 772, pl. 3 fig. 2; 4676:Liber Sancte Marie de Melrose 4568:Liber Sancte Marie de Melrose 4561:Liber Sancte Marie de Melrose 4479:Liber Sancte Marie de Melrose 4472:Liber Sancte Marie de Melrose 3497:Liber Sancte Marie de Melrose 1229:Alexander I, King of Scotland 480:were royal lordships, whilst 186: 12342:UK public library membership 12280:UK public library membership 11824:The Journal of Legal History 11486:Scotland's Historic Heraldry 10032:10.1017/CCO9781139045407.003 9614:UK public library membership 9507:The Journal of Legal History 9417:10.1016/0304-4181(75)90019-6 8906:. Vol. 1. Douglas, IM: 8757:. James MacLehose and Sons. 7513:William Blackwood & Sons 7425:Symeonis Monachi Opera Omnia 6980:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005) 6724:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005) 6712:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005) 6676:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005) 6576:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005) 6307:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005) 6262:Origines Parochiales Scotiae 6141:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005) 5928:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005) 5812:pp. 125 n. 1, 143–144 n. 6; 5774:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005) 5470:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005) 5286:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005) 5192:pp. 136–137, 136 n. 1, 189; 4957:Origines Parochiales Scotiae 4910:Origines Parochiales Scotiae 4813:pp. 16–17 pl. 1 fig. 1, 17; 4776:Origines Parochiales Scotiae 4634:Origines Parochiales Scotiae 4558:p. 126 § 769, pl. 3 fig. 1; 2019:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005) 1924: 1129:, and the fifteenth-century 1061: 562:Malcolm IV, King of Scotland 7: 11869:Journal of Medieval History 11813:(PhD thesis). Vol. 1. 11641:University of Toronto Press 11297:(PhD thesis). Vol. 1. 11037:10.1007/978-3-319-64090-7_7 10904:; McClure, P, eds. (2016). 9465:University of Toronto Press 9444:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 9404:Journal of Medieval History 9228:His Majesty King George III 7531:Bouterwek, CW, ed. (1863). 5692:pp. 44, 143–144 n. 6, 190; 4550:pp. 38–39 fig. 1; 46 n. 1; 4461:pp. 38–39 fig. 1, 46 n. 1; 2589:Cronne; Davis; Davis (1968) 1437:Robert II, King of Scotland 1294:and the fringes of Argyll. 978: 766:Gesta Friderici imperatoris 327:Walter was a member of the 68:Walter filio alani Dapifero 10: 13010: 12438:The Archaeological Journal 12105:Scottish Historical Review 11973:10.1093/ehr/CXVI.468.929-b 11942:. Edinburgh: John Donald. 11710:Scottish Historical Review 11548:Scottish Historical Review 10880:10.1484/M.USML-EB.1.100623 10571:The Archaeological Journal 10317:Scottish Historical Review 10087:Journal of British Studies 10024:Cambridge University Press 9826:Scottish Historical Review 9340:Scottish Historical Review 9206:Corpus of Electronic Texts 9186:Corpus of Electronic Texts 9166:Corpus of Electronic Texts 9109:Stevenson, J, ed. (1856). 8859:Corpus of Electronic Texts 8839:Corpus of Electronic Texts 8687:William Blackwood and Sons 8685:. Vol. 2. Edinburgh: 8529:"Charter: NRS GD45/13/231" 8515:. Paisley: Alex. Gardner. 7508:The Chronicles of Scotland 7450:Edinburgh University Press 7440:; Scott, WW, eds. (1971). 7402:(13 April 2005 ed.). 7399:Corpus of Electronic Texts 7368:Anderson, AO, ed. (1922). 5002:Liber S. Marie de Dryburgh 1850:in his earliest acts, and 1161:Herbert, Bishop of Glasgow 946:, displaying the latter's 760:De expugnatione Lyxbonensi 753:, and set off to join the 196:. He was a younger son of 29: 12633:10.1017/S0080440118000038 12020:10.1017/S0003581500001372 11960:English Historical Review 11836:10.1080/01440360500034495 11635:. In McDonald, RA (ed.). 11560:10.3366/shr.1995.74.2.129 11419:10.1163/9789004280359_009 11411:The Lordship of the Isles 11386:10.3366/E0020157X09000493 11178:10.1017/S0038713412003053 10694:. Milton Park, Abingdon: 10627:Antiquities of Shropshire 10612:Antiquities of Shropshire 10459:10.3366/inr.2003.54.2.230 10422:10.3366/inr.1998.49.2.127 9574:Oxford Scholarship Online 9519:10.1080/01440369508531114 9306:10.3366/saj.2000.22.2.155 9266:Aberdeen University Press 9264:. Vol. 4. Aberdeen: 9162:"The Annals of Tigernach" 8594:Columbia University Press 7558:Parker Library on the Web 7537:. Elberfeld: Sam. Lucas. 7505:; Seton, W, eds. (1941). 7475:Barrow, GWS, ed. (1999). 7024:Anderson; Anderson (1938) 7004:Anderson; Anderson (1938) 6459:pp. 62 § 17, 72–73 § 37; 6386:Anderson; Anderson (1938) 5978:pp. 211–212, 212 n. 132; 5936:Anderson; Anderson (1938) 5810:Anderson; Anderson (1938) 5806:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957) 5690:Anderson; Anderson (1938) 5658:Anderson; Anderson (1938) 5614:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957) 5498:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957) 5428:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957) 5350:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957) 5190:Anderson; Anderson (1938) 5086:Anderson; Anderson (1938) 5006:pp. 85 § 120, 250 § 311; 4783:Liber S. Marie de Calchou 4773:p. 160 § 196, 412 § 196; 4741:Anderson; Anderson (1938) 4669:Liber S. Marie de Calchou 4026:pp. 78–79, 79–80 tab. 2; 3967:Anderson; Anderson (1938) 3913:pp. 79–80, 79–80 tab. 2; 3792:Anderson; Anderson (1938) 3762:Anderson; Anderson (1938) 3638:Anderson; Anderson (1938) 3534:Anderson; Anderson (1938) 3362:Anderson; Anderson (1938) 3192:Anderson; Anderson (1938) 3081:Anderson; Anderson (1938) 1192:Carmen de Morte Sumerledi 1188:Somairle mac Gilla Brigte 1169:Carmen de Morte Sumerledi 1097:, the thirteenth-century 1095:Carmen de Morte Sumerledi 1037:, and hand over his son, 973:Patrick I, Earl of Dunbar 769:. In June, this fleet of 423:Walter served as David's 417:David I, King of Scotland 395:David I, King of Scotland 202:David I, King of Scotland 172: 162: 143: 135: 123: 111: 99: 85: 75: 55: 48: 41: 12682: 12531: 12512: 12435: 12379: 12348: 12308: 12250:"Malcolm IV (1141–1165)" 12218: 12102: 11940:The Lordship of Galloway 11921:University of St Andrews 11770: 11744: 11707: 11545: 11506: 11483: 11408: 11364: 11334: 11315: 11259: 11226: 11161: 11121: 11091:10.3366/saj.2003.25.1.27 10991: 10968: 10922: 10796: 10444: 10405: 10383:10.9750/PSAS.090.192.220 10203: 10138: 10068:10.21083/irss.v40i0.3108 10048: 9995: 9860: 9823: 9795: 9776: 9716: 9678: 9646:Local Population Studies 9643: 9541: 9504: 9481: 9400: 9336: 9256: 9119: 8968:Registrum de Dunfermelyn 8951: 8873: 8853: 8833: 8751:Lawrie, AC, ed. (1910). 8736:James MacLehose and Sons 8728:Lawrie, AC, ed. (1905). 8694:Howlett, R, ed. (1886). 8693: 8471: 8437: 8403: 8369: 8335: 8301: 8267: 8233: 8199: 8165: 8131: 8097: 8063: 8029: 7995: 7961: 7927: 7893: 7859: 7825: 7791: 7757: 7723: 7689: 7655: 7621: 7587: 7530: 7519: 7497: 7307: 7291: 7239: 7168: 7142: 7135: 7128: 7121: 7091: 7059: 7007: 6995: 6975: 6923: 6851: 6827: 6815: 6811: 6779: 6771: 6767: 6743: 6655: 6643: 6560: 6545: 6537: 6509: 6501: 6478: 6471: 6466:Registrum de Dunfermelyn 6409: 6393: 6361: 6267: 6240: 6208: 6196: 6192: 6188: 6184: 6112: 6029: 6009: 6001: 5986: 5975: 5939: 5895: 5872: 5865: 5813: 5765: 5737: 5729: 5709: 5697: 5685: 5617: 5609: 5605: 5601: 5593: 5581: 5577: 5573: 5569: 5565: 5561: 5557: 5553: 5545: 5541: 5525: 5517: 5489: 5481: 5454: 5419: 5406:p. 169, 169 n. 16, 179; 5384: 5365: 5353: 5305: 5293: 5265: 5014: 5007: 4969: 4818: 4814: 4810: 4795: 4788: 4751: 4628: 4616: 4584: 4543: 4528: 4512: 4492: 4454: 4450: 4366: 4335: 4305: 4247: 4219: 4127: 4095: 4075: 4063: 4008: 4001: 3973:pp. 297 n. 5, 441 n. 1; 3962: 3922: 3847: 3821: 3772: 3742: 3731: 3715: 3703: 3699: 3691: 3683: 3652: 3629: 3621: 3570: 3565:Registrum de Dunfermelyn 3544: 3539:Registrum de Dunfermelyn 3502: 3475: 3459: 3407: 3392: 3384: 3369: 3349: 3257: 3214: 3195: 3183: 3175: 3171: 3167: 3131: 3088: 3068: 3000: 2972: 2960: 2956: 2912: 2908: 2892: 2880: 2876: 2872: 2856: 2852: 2848: 2832: 2820: 2643: 2616: 2584: 2572: 2536: 2485: 2431: 2383: 2371: 2355: 2343: 2327: 2315: 2311: 2308:Toledo Candelaria (2018) 2303: 2291: 2287: 2271: 2255: 2182: 2166: 2150: 2134: 2114: 2082: 2078: 2070: 2066: 2058: 2038: 2010: 1966: 1944: 1939:Charter: NRS GD45/13/231 1703:concerning the lands of 1551:of the king's household. 1539:, and Ranulf became the 1377: 1225:Máel Coluim mac Alasdair 1123:, the fifteenth-century 1024:Fergus, Lord of Galloway 484:was a Morville lordship. 356:Henry I, King of England 269:Fergus, Lord of Galloway 12868: 12851: 12838: 12812: 12785: 12766: 12755: 12724: 12711: 12663: 12612: 12596:Oxford University Press 12589: 12562: 12497:10.1111/1468-2281.12017 12472: 12416: 12394:10.3366/inr.2003.54.1.1 12286: 12246: 12201: 12179: 12170: 12139: 12079: 12060: 12007:The Antiquaries Journal 12003: 11956: 11937: 11911: 11866: 11821: 11805: 11760:McWilliams, PE (1995). 11759: 11688: 11669: 11628: 11609: 11590: 11443: 11299:University of Edinburgh 11293:Macquarrie, AD (1982). 11292: 11076: 11053: 11022: 10952:University of Edinburgh 10945: 10896: 10869: 10834: 10823: 10785: 10774: 10747: 10720: 10689: 10676: 10653: 10634: 10623: 10615:. Vol. 6. London: 10608: 10557: 10512: 10481: 10359: 10329:10.3366/shr.2005.84.1.1 10314: 10288: 10261: 10245:Trinity College, Dublin 10238: 10165: 10083: 10017: 9969: 9942: 9916: 9871: 9748: 9728:; MacGregor, M (eds.). 9660:(inactive 24 May 2024). 9620: 9580: 9552:Oxford University Press 9458: 9439: 9387: 9375: 9291: 9234: 9220: 9200: 9180: 9160: 9138: 9108: 9086: 9068:Skene, WF, ed. (1872). 9067: 9045: 9029:. Vol. 1. London: 9019: 9001: 8983: 8965: 8933: 8914: 8892: 8877:Scottish Armorial Seals 8815: 8805: 8787: 8769: 8750: 8727: 8704: 8678: 8660: 8646: 8639:2027/mdp.39015005759389 8624: 8610: 8603:2027/mdp.39015034104094 8584: 8576:. Vol. 3. Oxford: 8561: 8527: 8505: 7551: 7474: 7436: 7418: 7404:University College Cork 7392: 7378: 7367: 7341: 7319: 7295: 7279: 7267: 7263: 7251: 7247: 7243: 7235: 7223: 7211: 7199: 7195: 7183: 7161: 7157: 7114: 7107: 7103: 7079: 7075: 7063: 7047: 7043: 7039: 7035: 7031: 7027: 7026:pp. 162, 162–164 n. 2; 7023: 7019: 7003: 6999: 6991: 6987: 6983: 6979: 6971: 6959: 6947: 6935: 6911: 6907: 6895: 6891: 6879: 6875: 6871: 6859: 6855: 6839: 6835: 6831: 6823: 6819: 6807: 6803: 6791: 6787: 6783: 6775: 6763: 6751: 6747: 6739: 6735: 6723: 6711: 6699: 6695: 6683: 6679: 6675: 6671: 6667: 6631: 6619: 6607: 6603: 6591: 6579: 6575: 6553: 6549: 6541: 6533: 6521: 6505: 6497: 6493: 6464: 6460: 6456: 6452: 6440: 6425: 6421: 6417: 6413: 6397: 6389: 6385: 6381: 6377: 6373: 6369: 6365: 6349: 6337: 6325: 6310: 6306: 6302: 6287: 6283: 6279: 6260: 6256: 6252: 6236: 6224: 6220: 6216: 6212: 6204: 6200: 6180: 6176: 6164: 6152: 6148: 6144: 6140: 6136: 6132: 6128: 6116: 6113:McDonald; McLean (1992) 6108: 6104: 6100: 6096: 6092: 6080: 6076: 6064: 6060: 6056: 6044: 6030:McDonald; McLean (1992) 6025: 6021: 6005: 5979: 5971: 5967: 5955: 5951: 5947: 5943: 5935: 5931: 5927: 5915: 5911: 5899: 5891: 5879: 5853: 5849: 5845: 5841: 5829: 5825: 5821: 5817: 5809: 5805: 5801: 5797: 5793: 5789: 5785: 5781: 5777: 5773: 5769: 5761: 5749: 5745: 5741: 5738:McDonald; McLean (1992) 5733: 5725: 5721: 5717: 5713: 5693: 5689: 5686:McDonald; McLean (1992) 5673: 5669: 5665: 5661: 5657: 5653: 5649: 5637: 5633: 5629: 5625: 5621: 5613: 5610:McDonald; McLean (1992) 5597: 5589: 5585: 5549: 5537: 5533: 5529: 5521: 5505: 5501: 5497: 5493: 5485: 5477: 5473: 5469: 5465: 5458: 5447: 5443: 5431: 5427: 5423: 5415: 5411: 5407: 5403: 5399: 5392: 5388: 5380: 5376: 5371:The Annals of Tigernach 5369: 5349: 5345: 5341: 5337: 5333: 5329: 5325: 5321: 5317: 5313: 5309: 5301: 5297: 5289: 5285: 5281: 5277: 5273: 5269: 5261: 5249: 5237: 5225: 5213: 5209: 5205: 5193: 5189: 5185: 5173: 5169: 5157: 5153: 5149: 5137: 5133: 5121: 5109: 5097: 5093: 5089: 5085: 5081: 5077: 5073: 5069: 5057: 5053: 5049: 5045: 5036:pp. 285–286, 286 n. 26. 5033: 5029: 5000: 4996: 4984: 4962: 4955: 4951: 4947: 4943: 4939: 4927: 4923: 4908: 4904: 4900: 4896: 4884: 4872: 4857: 4853: 4849: 4845: 4830: 4826: 4822: 4781: 4774: 4770: 4766: 4744: 4740: 4728: 4724: 4720: 4708: 4693: 4689: 4674: 4667: 4663: 4651: 4647: 4632: 4624: 4620: 4612: 4608: 4604: 4600: 4596: 4566: 4559: 4555: 4551: 4547: 4524: 4520: 4516: 4500: 4496: 4477: 4470: 4466: 4462: 4458: 4438: 4426: 4422: 4410: 4398: 4386: 4382: 4370: 4362: 4350: 4328: 4324: 4320: 4298: 4294: 4291:Simpson; Webster (2004) 4290: 4275: 4271: 4267: 4263: 4251: 4248:McDonald; McLean (1992) 4243: 4239: 4235: 4223: 4220:McDonald; McLean (1992) 4215: 4211: 4199: 4187: 4175: 4171: 4167: 4155: 4143: 4131: 4115: 4111: 4099: 4083: 4079: 4051: 4039: 4035: 4031: 4027: 4023: 3994: 3990: 3986: 3974: 3970: 3966: 3958: 3954: 3942: 3938: 3926: 3918: 3914: 3910: 3898: 3894: 3890: 3886: 3874: 3862: 3840: 3836: 3814: 3810: 3795: 3791: 3787: 3765: 3761: 3757: 3735: 3727: 3711: 3707: 3695: 3687: 3679: 3675: 3671: 3667: 3645: 3641: 3637: 3633: 3625: 3617: 3613: 3609: 3605: 3601: 3597: 3593: 3589: 3585: 3563: 3559: 3537: 3533: 3529: 3517: 3495: 3491: 3487: 3483: 3479: 3471: 3447: 3443: 3431: 3400: 3396: 3388: 3365: 3361: 3357: 3353: 3345: 3341: 3337: 3333: 3329: 3325: 3321: 3309: 3305: 3293: 3281: 3277: 3273: 3261: 3253: 3241: 3229: 3207: 3203: 3199: 3191: 3187: 3179: 3172:McDonald; McLean (1992) 3163: 3159: 3155: 3151: 3147: 3143: 3139: 3135: 3127: 3123: 3119: 3115: 3111: 3107: 3103: 3084: 3080: 3056: 3044: 3032: 3028: 3016: 3004: 2996: 2984: 2944: 2932: 2928: 2924: 2904: 2868: 2844: 2840: 2836: 2816: 2804: 2787: 2783: 2771: 2767: 2755: 2751: 2734: 2719: 2715: 2711: 2707: 2695: 2691: 2679: 2675: 2671: 2667: 2655: 2651: 2647: 2639: 2635: 2631: 2612: 2608: 2604: 2600: 2588: 2560: 2556: 2552: 2548: 2544: 2540: 2532: 2528: 2516: 2512: 2508: 2504: 2500: 2478: 2471: 2467: 2463: 2451: 2447: 2443: 2419: 2415: 2411: 2399: 2395: 2367: 2339: 2307: 2283: 2267: 2251: 2239: 2235: 2223: 2206: 2194: 2178: 2174: 2170: 2162: 2146: 2122: 2118: 2102: 2098: 2094: 2079:McDonald; McLean (1992) 2074: 2062: 2054: 2050: 2046: 2042: 2034: 2030: 2026: 2022: 2018: 2014: 2006: 2002: 1998: 1994: 1990: 1986: 1974: 1970: 1962: 1958: 1937: 1811:may have been his son, 489:did not create any new 449: 204:. He became the king's 12767:Williams, DGE (1997). 12327:10.1093/ref:odnb/26782 12265:10.1093/ref:odnb/17860 11815:University of Aberdeen 11689:McDonald, RA (2007b). 11260:Macquarrie, A (1996). 11227:Macquarrie, A (1990). 11060:University of Stirling 10923:Head, D, ed. (2006) . 10658:; Pedersen, F (2005). 9658:10.35488/lps86.2011.84 9599:10.1093/ref:odnb/49411 9202:"The Annals of Ulster" 9182:"The Annals of Ulster" 9120:Stevenson, JH (1914). 8874:Macdonald, WR (1904). 8855:"Mac Carthaigh's Book" 8835:"Mac Carthaigh's Book" 6540:pp. 93–94 n. 236, 94; 6470:pp. 13 § 18, 17 § 31; 3387:pp. 93–94 n. 236, 94; 2304:Hogg; MacGregor (2018) 1603: 1560:This northern half of 1522: 1516: 1322: 1271: 1243: 1219: 1213: 1203: 1197: 1093:, the twelfth-century 1078: 992: 959: 935:during David's reign. 808: 747:Santiago de Compostela 734: 668: 651:Ecclesiastical actions 564: 485: 431: 425: 420: 346:Walter's father was a 324: 12841:Mediaeval Scandinavia 12532:Stringer, KJ (1985). 12359:. 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The fact that the 1016:Chronicle of Melrose 739:St James the Greater 552:Walter's charter of 12964:Burials in Scotland 12873:. Brimscombe Port: 12824:. pp. 94–109. 12483:Historical Research 11365:Márkus, G (2009b). 11335:Márkus, G (2009a). 10969:Holton, CT (2017). 10786:Hammond, M (2010). 10698:. pp. 87–113. 10624:Eyton, RW (1858b). 10609:Eyton, RW (1858a). 10529:(1–2): i–x, 1–166. 9736:. pp. 83–109. 9488:The Hambledon Press 9093:Chronica de Mailros 9007:. 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6133:Hammond, M (2010) 6109:Martin, FX (1992) 5766:Strickland (2012) 5546:Strickland (2012) 5455:Strickland (2012) 5385:Strickland (2012) 5342:Martin, FX (1992) 5266:Strickland (2012) 5252:pp. 165, 197–198. 5016:Document 3/15/121 4948:McWilliams (1995) 4940:Hammond, M (2010) 4846:Hammond, M (2010) 4621:McWilliams (1995) 4597:Hammond, M (2010) 4530:Document 3/547/8 4441:p. 47, 47 n. 121. 4383:Hammond, M (2010) 4337:Document 3/547/13 4266:p. 22, 22 n. 90; 4128:Hammond, M (2013) 4096:Hammond, M (2013) 4076:Hammond, M (2013) 4064:Hammond, M (2013) 4036:McWilliams (1995) 4028:Hammond, M (2010) 4010:Document 3/547/13 4003:Document 3/547/11 3959:McWilliams (1995) 3955:Hammond, M (2010) 3943:McWilliams (1995) 3919:McWilliams (1995) 3915:Hammond, M (2010) 3895:McWilliams (1995) 3891:Hammond, M (2010) 3849:Document 3/547/87 3823:Document 3/547/13 3788:McWilliams (1995) 3758:McWilliams (1995) 3744:Document 3/547/13 3728:McWilliams (1995) 3696:McWilliams (1995) 3654:Document 3/547/11 3626:McWilliams (1995) 3598:Hammond, M (2010) 3569:pp. 93–94 § 163; 3504:Document 3/547/8 3399:pp. 95–96 § 105; 3348:p. 65, 65 n. 18; 3330:Hammond, M (2010) 3310:Hammond, M (2010) 3164:McWilliams (1995) 3120:Hammond, M (2010) 2945:Hammond, M (2010) 2925:Hammond, M (2010) 2837:Hammond, M (2010) 2805:Hammond, M (2010) 2784:Hammond, M (2010) 2752:Hammond, M (2010) 2672:McWilliams (1995) 2648:McWilliams (1995) 2553:McWilliams (1995) 2529:Hammond, M (2010) 2422:pp. 125–126 n. 3. 2103:McWilliams (1995) 2075:Martin, FX (1992) 2003:Hammond, M (2010) 1268:rook gaming piece 1074:of the so-called 1072:king gaming piece 795:siege of the city 789:, and joined the 704:Cluniac monastery 689:Dunfermline Abbey 509:and Ewesdale for 493:for the incoming 180: 179: 176:Avelina de Hesdin 16:(Redirected from 13001: 12920: 12908: 12888: 12865: 12848: 12835: 12809: 12782: 12780: 12763: 12756:Webb, N (2004). 12752: 12721: 12708: 12679: 12677: 12660: 12609: 12586: 12559: 12539: 12528: 12509: 12499: 12490:(234): 601–618. 12469: 12432: 12413: 12382:The Innes Review 12376: 12358: 12345: 12337: 12335: 12333: 12314: 12305: 12283: 12275: 12273: 12271: 12252: 12243: 12225: 12215: 12198: 12176: 12167: 12147: 12136: 12099: 12076: 12057: 12039: 12000: 11967:(468): 929–930. 11953: 11934: 11932: 11908: 11863: 11818: 11802: 11778: 11767: 11756: 11741: 11704: 11685: 11666: 11634: 11625: 11606: 11587: 11542: 11503: 11480: 11461:10.2307/29742533 11440: 11405: 11374:The Innes Review 11371: 11361: 11341: 11331: 11312: 11310: 11289: 11256: 11223: 11197: 11158: 11118: 11073: 11071: 11054:Lee, SD (2014). 11050: 11019: 10988: 10986: 10965: 10963: 10942: 10930: 10919: 10893: 10866: 10842: 10831: 10820: 10793: 10782: 10771: 10744: 10728: 10717: 10686: 10673: 10650: 10631: 10620: 10605: 10587: 10567: 10554: 10509: 10478: 10447:The Innes Review 10441: 10409:The Innes Review 10402: 10366: 10356: 10311: 10285: 10258: 10256: 10235: 10211: 10200: 10176: 10162: 10135: 10080: 10070: 10045: 10014: 9992: 9966: 9939: 9913: 9868: 9857: 9820: 9802: 9792: 9773: 9755: 9745: 9723: 9713: 9697: 9675: 9669: 9661: 9640: 9617: 9609: 9607: 9605: 9586: 9577: 9538: 9501: 9478: 9455: 9436: 9397: 9384: 9372: 9333: 9279: 9253: 9231: 9217: 9215: 9213: 9197: 9195: 9193: 9177: 9175: 9173: 9157: 9135: 9116: 9105: 9083: 9064: 9042: 9016: 8998: 8980: 8962: 8948: 8930: 8911: 8889: 8870: 8868: 8866: 8850: 8848: 8846: 8830: 8812: 8802: 8784: 8766: 8747: 8724: 8701: 8690: 8675: 8657: 8643: 8641: 8621: 8607: 8605: 8581: 8558: 8552: 8544: 8542: 8540: 8524: 8502: 8496: 8488: 8486: 8484: 8468: 8462: 8454: 8452: 8450: 8434: 8428: 8420: 8418: 8416: 8400: 8394: 8386: 8384: 8382: 8366: 8360: 8352: 8350: 8348: 8332: 8326: 8318: 8316: 8314: 8298: 8292: 8284: 8282: 8280: 8264: 8258: 8250: 8248: 8246: 8230: 8224: 8216: 8214: 8212: 8196: 8190: 8182: 8180: 8178: 8162: 8156: 8148: 8146: 8144: 8128: 8122: 8114: 8112: 8110: 8094: 8088: 8080: 8078: 8076: 8060: 8054: 8046: 8044: 8042: 8026: 8020: 8012: 8010: 8008: 7992: 7986: 7978: 7976: 7974: 7958: 7952: 7944: 7942: 7940: 7924: 7918: 7910: 7908: 7906: 7890: 7884: 7876: 7874: 7872: 7856: 7850: 7842: 7840: 7838: 7822: 7816: 7808: 7806: 7804: 7788: 7782: 7774: 7772: 7770: 7754: 7748: 7740: 7738: 7736: 7720: 7714: 7706: 7704: 7702: 7686: 7680: 7672: 7670: 7668: 7652: 7646: 7638: 7636: 7634: 7618: 7612: 7604: 7602: 7600: 7589:"Document 1/4/2" 7584: 7578: 7570: 7568: 7566: 7548: 7546: 7527: 7516: 7501:; Husbands, HW; 7494: 7471: 7447: 7433: 7415: 7413: 7411: 7389: 7375: 7364: 7323: 7317: 7311: 7305: 7299: 7289: 7283: 7277: 7271: 7261: 7255: 7233: 7227: 7221: 7215: 7209: 7203: 7193: 7187: 7181: 7175: 7155: 7149: 7101: 7095: 7089: 7083: 7073: 7067: 7057: 7051: 7017: 7011: 6969: 6963: 6957: 6951: 6945: 6939: 6933: 6927: 6921: 6915: 6905: 6899: 6892:Carpenter (2003) 6889: 6883: 6869: 6863: 6862:p. 68, 68 n. 41. 6849: 6843: 6801: 6795: 6761: 6755: 6733: 6727: 6721: 6715: 6709: 6703: 6693: 6687: 6665: 6659: 6656:Scott, JG (1997) 6653: 6647: 6641: 6635: 6629: 6623: 6617: 6611: 6601: 6595: 6589: 6583: 6573: 6567: 6546:Scott, JG (1997) 6531: 6525: 6519: 6513: 6502:Scott, JG (1997) 6491: 6485: 6450: 6444: 6438: 6429: 6407: 6401: 6394:Bouterwek (1863) 6378:Carpenter (2003) 6359: 6353: 6347: 6341: 6335: 6329: 6323: 6314: 6300: 6294: 6277: 6271: 6250: 6244: 6234: 6228: 6219:pp. 80–83 § 62; 6174: 6168: 6162: 6156: 6137:Scott, WW (2008) 6126: 6120: 6090: 6084: 6074: 6068: 6054: 6048: 6042: 6033: 6026:Scott, WW (2008) 6019: 6013: 5999: 5993: 5965: 5959: 5925: 5919: 5909: 5903: 5889: 5883: 5863: 5857: 5839: 5833: 5759: 5753: 5718:McDonald (2007b) 5710:Martin, C (2014) 5707: 5701: 5698:Bouterwek (1863) 5683: 5677: 5647: 5641: 5628:pp. 80–83 § 62; 5515: 5509: 5441: 5435: 5389:McDonald (2007b) 5363: 5357: 5302:Carpenter (2003) 5282:McDonald (2007b) 5274:Scott, WW (2008) 5259: 5253: 5247: 5241: 5235: 5229: 5223: 5217: 5203: 5197: 5183: 5177: 5167: 5161: 5147: 5141: 5134:Scott, WW (2008) 5131: 5125: 5119: 5113: 5107: 5101: 5074:Carpenter (2003) 5067: 5061: 5046:Scott, WW (2008) 5043: 5037: 5027: 5021: 5009:Document 3/15/74 4994: 4988: 4982: 4976: 4971:Document 3/358/7 4937: 4931: 4921: 4915: 4894: 4888: 4882: 4876: 4870: 4861: 4843: 4837: 4821:p. 265 § 15731; 4808: 4802: 4797:Document 3/421/1 4764: 4758: 4753:Document 3/358/8 4738: 4732: 4718: 4712: 4706: 4697: 4687: 4681: 4661: 4655: 4645: 4639: 4594: 4588: 4582: 4573: 4546:p. 266 § 15736; 4541: 4535: 4515:p. 266 § 15736; 4510: 4504: 4490: 4484: 4457:p. 266 § 15736; 4448: 4442: 4436: 4430: 4420: 4414: 4408: 4402: 4396: 4390: 4380: 4374: 4360: 4354: 4348: 4342: 4318: 4312: 4307:Document 1/5/115 4288: 4282: 4261: 4255: 4233: 4227: 4209: 4203: 4200:Edgington (2015) 4197: 4191: 4185: 4179: 4165: 4159: 4153: 4147: 4141: 4135: 4125: 4119: 4109: 4103: 4093: 4087: 4080:Ditchburn (2010) 4073: 4067: 4061: 4055: 4049: 4043: 4021: 4015: 3984: 3978: 3952: 3946: 3936: 3930: 3908: 3902: 3884: 3878: 3872: 3866: 3860: 3854: 3834: 3828: 3808: 3802: 3785: 3779: 3774:Document 1/5/115 3755: 3749: 3725: 3719: 3665: 3659: 3586:Ditchburn (2010) 3583: 3577: 3572:Document 3/547/2 3557: 3551: 3546:Document 3/547/4 3527: 3521: 3515: 3509: 3501:pp. 55–56 § 66; 3469: 3463: 3457: 3451: 3441: 3435: 3429: 3414: 3393:Scott, JG (1997) 3382: 3376: 3319: 3313: 3303: 3297: 3291: 3285: 3271: 3265: 3251: 3245: 3239: 3233: 3227: 3221: 3101: 3095: 3078: 3072: 3066: 3060: 3054: 3048: 3042: 3036: 3026: 3020: 3014: 3008: 2994: 2988: 2982: 2976: 2970: 2964: 2957:Scott, JG (1997) 2954: 2948: 2942: 2936: 2922: 2916: 2913:Bannerman (1989) 2902: 2896: 2890: 2884: 2866: 2860: 2857:Bannerman (1989) 2830: 2824: 2821:Bannerman (1989) 2814: 2808: 2802: 2791: 2781: 2775: 2765: 2759: 2749: 2738: 2732: 2723: 2708:Scott, WW (2008) 2705: 2699: 2689: 2683: 2665: 2659: 2629: 2623: 2601:Alexander (2000) 2598: 2592: 2582: 2576: 2570: 2564: 2541:Alexander (2000) 2526: 2520: 2498: 2492: 2461: 2455: 2441: 2435: 2429: 2423: 2409: 2403: 2393: 2387: 2381: 2375: 2365: 2359: 2353: 2347: 2337: 2331: 2325: 2319: 2301: 2295: 2281: 2275: 2268:Wingfield (2017) 2265: 2259: 2258:p. 51, 51 n. 10. 2252:Goldstein (2002) 2249: 2243: 2233: 2227: 2221: 2210: 2204: 2198: 2192: 2186: 2171:Scott, WW (2008) 2160: 2154: 2144: 2138: 2132: 2126: 2112: 2106: 2092: 2086: 2059:Scott, JG (1997) 2043:Alexander (2000) 2023:Carpenter (2003) 1984: 1978: 1956: 1950: 1935: 1918: 1899: 1893: 1861: 1855: 1840: 1834: 1831: 1825: 1822: 1816: 1805: 1799: 1796: 1790: 1769: 1763: 1760: 1754: 1747: 1741: 1738: 1732: 1729: 1723: 1710: 1693: 1687: 1684: 1678: 1671: 1665: 1660:, whose father, 1648: 1642: 1619: 1613: 1606: 1589: 1583: 1580: 1574: 1571: 1565: 1558: 1552: 1533: 1527: 1525: 1519: 1500: 1494: 1491: 1485: 1478: 1472: 1449:kings of Britain 1433: 1427: 1400:Walter fitz Alan 1396:Walter Fitz Alan 1388: 1314:Memorial to the 1222: 1216: 1200: 1103:Roger de Hoveden 1090:Annals of Ulster 884: 872: 830:Dundonald Castle 791:King of Portugal 523:Hugh de Morville 452: 434: 428: 329:Fitz Alan family 242:Dundonald Castle 191: 188: 151:Alan fitz Walter 130:Fitz Alan family 119: 95: 80:Alan fitz Walter 60: 39: 38: 21: 13009: 13008: 13004: 13003: 13002: 13000: 12999: 12998: 12994:Norman warriors 12989:House of Stuart 12979:FitzAlan family 12924: 12923: 12911: 12899: 12896: 12891: 12885: 12832: 12818:The Argyll Book 12806: 12741: 12606: 12575: 12548: 12525: 12429: 12373: 12356: 12339: 12331: 12329: 12302: 12277: 12269: 12267: 12223: 12208:The Genealogist 12156: 12073: 11950: 11791: 11701: 11682: 11655: 11622: 11603: 11523:10.2307/4051525 11500: 11429: 11369: 11339: 11328: 11139: 11047: 11008: 10939: 10916: 10890: 10855: 10809: 10768: 10741: 10714: 10670: 10565: 10517:; Driscoll, S; 10506: 10364: 10308: 10282: 10224: 10189: 10151: 10042: 10011: 9989: 9963: 9936: 9817: 9800: 9789: 9753: 9721: 9710: 9663: 9662: 9637: 9611: 9603: 9601: 9570: 9498: 9475: 9452: 9287: 9282: 9276: 9226:. 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6492: 6488: 6480:Document 1/4/15 6451: 6447: 6439: 6432: 6408: 6404: 6390:Anderson (1922) 6362:MacInnes (2019) 6360: 6356: 6348: 6344: 6336: 6332: 6324: 6317: 6301: 6297: 6278: 6274: 6251: 6247: 6235: 6231: 6213:Anderson (1922) 6175: 6171: 6163: 6159: 6127: 6123: 6091: 6087: 6075: 6071: 6055: 6051: 6043: 6036: 6020: 6016: 6000: 5996: 5988:Document 3/30/3 5966: 5962: 5948:Anderson (1908) 5944:Anderson (1922) 5926: 5922: 5910: 5906: 5890: 5886: 5864: 5860: 5846:Anderson (1922) 5840: 5836: 5822:Anderson (1908) 5818:Anderson (1922) 5760: 5756: 5746:Anderson (1922) 5726:Williams (1997) 5708: 5704: 5694:Anderson (1922) 5684: 5680: 5666:Anderson (1908) 5662:Anderson (1922) 5648: 5644: 5630:Anderson (1908) 5622:Anderson (1922) 5600:pp. 41, 61–62; 5582:Driscoll (2002) 5518:MacInnes (2019) 5516: 5512: 5502:Anderson (1922) 5444:Jennings (2017) 5442: 5438: 5432:Anderson (1922) 5364: 5360: 5334:Williams (1997) 5328:pp. 61–67, 72; 5262:Jennings (2017) 5260: 5256: 5248: 5244: 5236: 5232: 5228:p. 156 fig. 1g. 5224: 5220: 5204: 5200: 5194:Anderson (1922) 5184: 5180: 5168: 5164: 5148: 5144: 5132: 5128: 5120: 5116: 5108: 5104: 5090:Anderson (1922) 5068: 5064: 5044: 5040: 5028: 5024: 4997:Hamilton (2003) 4995: 4991: 4985:Hamilton (2003) 4983: 4979: 4938: 4934: 4922: 4918: 4901:Webb, NM (2003) 4895: 4891: 4883: 4879: 4871: 4864: 4844: 4840: 4817:p. 320 § 2535; 4809: 4805: 4790:Document 1/5/24 4765: 4761: 4739: 4735: 4719: 4715: 4707: 4700: 4688: 4684: 4662: 4658: 4646: 4642: 4595: 4591: 4585:McAndrew (2006) 4583: 4576: 4542: 4538: 4511: 4507: 4493:McAndrew (2006) 4491: 4487: 4451:McAndrew (2006) 4449: 4445: 4437: 4433: 4421: 4417: 4409: 4405: 4397: 4393: 4381: 4377: 4361: 4357: 4349: 4345: 4319: 4315: 4297:p. 183 n. 102; 4289: 4285: 4262: 4258: 4234: 4230: 4210: 4206: 4198: 4194: 4186: 4182: 4166: 4162: 4154: 4150: 4142: 4138: 4126: 4122: 4110: 4106: 4094: 4090: 4074: 4070: 4062: 4058: 4050: 4046: 4022: 4018: 3985: 3981: 3971:Anderson (1922) 3953: 3949: 3937: 3933: 3909: 3905: 3885: 3881: 3873: 3869: 3861: 3857: 3835: 3831: 3809: 3805: 3786: 3782: 3756: 3752: 3726: 3722: 3666: 3662: 3630:Stringer (1985) 3584: 3580: 3558: 3554: 3528: 3524: 3516: 3512: 3470: 3466: 3460:Stringer (1985) 3458: 3454: 3442: 3438: 3430: 3417: 3409:Document 1/4/30 3383: 3379: 3371:Document 1/5/59 3320: 3316: 3308:p. 160 n. 236; 3304: 3300: 3292: 3288: 3272: 3268: 3252: 3248: 3240: 3236: 3228: 3224: 3216:Document 1/5/60 3213:appx. pp. 1–2; 3190:p. 311 tab. 1; 3154:p. 199 n. 932; 3152:Hamilton (2003) 3132:Boardman (2007) 3104:Gledhill (2016) 3102: 3098: 3090:Document 1/5/59 3079: 3075: 3069:Stringer (1985) 3067: 3063: 3055: 3051: 3043: 3039: 3027: 3023: 3015: 3011: 3001:Stringer (1985) 2995: 2991: 2983: 2979: 2971: 2967: 2955: 2951: 2943: 2939: 2923: 2919: 2903: 2899: 2891: 2887: 2867: 2863: 2831: 2827: 2815: 2811: 2803: 2794: 2782: 2778: 2766: 2762: 2750: 2741: 2733: 2726: 2706: 2702: 2690: 2686: 2666: 2662: 2654:pp. 13–14, 64; 2630: 2626: 2618:Document 1/4/56 2599: 2595: 2583: 2579: 2571: 2567: 2527: 2523: 2499: 2495: 2487:Document 2/86/1 2462: 2458: 2442: 2438: 2432:Boardman (2007) 2430: 2426: 2410: 2406: 2394: 2390: 2384:Boardman (2002) 2382: 2378: 2372:Boardman (2002) 2366: 2362: 2356:Boardman (2002) 2354: 2350: 2344:Boardman (2002) 2338: 2334: 2328:Boardman (2002) 2326: 2322: 2316:Boardman (2002) 2302: 2298: 2288:Boardman (2002) 2282: 2278: 2272:Boardman (2002) 2266: 2262: 2256:Boardman (2002) 2250: 2246: 2234: 2230: 2222: 2213: 2205: 2201: 2193: 2189: 2161: 2157: 2145: 2141: 2133: 2129: 2115:McAndrew (2006) 2113: 2109: 2093: 2089: 2039:Boardman (2002) 2035:Webb, NM (2003) 2027:Hamilton (2003) 2011:Boardman (2007) 1985: 1981: 1957: 1953: 1946:Document 1/5/95 1936: 1932: 1927: 1922: 1921: 1900: 1896: 1862: 1858: 1841: 1837: 1832: 1828: 1823: 1819: 1806: 1802: 1797: 1793: 1770: 1766: 1761: 1757: 1748: 1744: 1739: 1735: 1730: 1726: 1708: 1694: 1690: 1685: 1681: 1672: 1668: 1649: 1645: 1620: 1616: 1590: 1586: 1581: 1577: 1572: 1568: 1559: 1555: 1534: 1530: 1501: 1497: 1492: 1488: 1479: 1475: 1451:descended from 1445:Stewart dynasty 1434: 1430: 1412:Walter FitzAlan 1408:Walter fitzAlan 1404:Walter Fitzalan 1389: 1385: 1380: 1372:Stewart dynasty 1308: 1121:Gesta Annalia I 1064: 981: 917: 916: 915: 914: 890: 889: 888: 885: 877: 876: 873: 862: 793:'s months-long 723:Siege of Lisbon 694:Walter founded 653: 531:Ranulf de Sules 390:in Shropshire. 333:Alan fitz Flaad 317: 301:House of Stuart 257:Siege of Lisbon 198:Alan fitz Flaad 189: 183:Walter FitzAlan 167:Alan fitz Flaad 158: 115: 104: 91: 90: 71: 44: 43:Walter FitzAlan 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 13007: 12997: 12996: 12991: 12986: 12981: 12976: 12971: 12966: 12961: 12956: 12951: 12946: 12941: 12936: 12922: 12921: 12909: 12895: 12894:External links 12892: 12890: 12889: 12883: 12866: 12849: 12836: 12830: 12810: 12804: 12783: 12764: 12753: 12739: 12722: 12709: 12680: 12661: 12610: 12604: 12587: 12573: 12560: 12546: 12529: 12523: 12510: 12470: 12433: 12427: 12414: 12377: 12371: 12346: 12306: 12300: 12284: 12244: 12216: 12199: 12177: 12168: 12154: 12137: 12100: 12077: 12071: 12058: 12001: 11954: 11948: 11935: 11919:(PhD thesis). 11909: 11864: 11819: 11803: 11789: 11768: 11757: 11742: 11705: 11699: 11686: 11680: 11667: 11653: 11626: 11620: 11607: 11601: 11588: 11554:(2): 129–143. 11543: 11517:(2): 187–219. 11504: 11498: 11488:. Woodbridge: 11481: 11441: 11427: 11406: 11362: 11332: 11326: 11313: 11290: 11257: 11224: 11172:(3): 649–681. 11159: 11137: 11119: 11074: 11058:(PhD thesis). 11051: 11045: 11020: 11006: 10989: 10973:(PhD thesis). 10966: 10950:(PhD thesis). 10943: 10937: 10920: 10914: 10894: 10888: 10867: 10853: 10832: 10821: 10807: 10794: 10783: 10772: 10766: 10745: 10739: 10718: 10712: 10687: 10674: 10668: 10660:Viking Empires 10651: 10632: 10621: 10606: 10555: 10510: 10504: 10479: 10453:(2): 230–233. 10442: 10416:(2): 127–142. 10403: 10357: 10312: 10306: 10286: 10280: 10259: 10243:(PhD thesis). 10236: 10222: 10201: 10187: 10163: 10149: 10136: 10100:10.1086/431937 10094:(4): 688–712. 10081: 10046: 10040: 10015: 10009: 9993: 9987: 9967: 9961: 9940: 9934: 9914: 9880:(1): 155–203. 9869: 9858: 9832:(3): 265–279. 9821: 9815: 9793: 9787: 9774: 9746: 9714: 9708: 9676: 9641: 9635: 9618: 9578: 9568: 9539: 9502: 9496: 9479: 9473: 9456: 9450: 9437: 9411:(2): 117–138. 9398: 9385: 9379:, ed. (1960). 9373: 9347:(2): 120–149. 9334: 9300:(2): 155–177. 9288: 9286: 9283: 9281: 9280: 9274: 9262:Scotichronicon 9260:, ed. (1994). 9254: 9238:, ed. (1912). 9232: 9218: 9198: 9178: 9158: 9142:, ed. (1868). 9136: 9117: 9106: 9090:, ed. (1835). 9084: 9065: 9049:, ed. (1871). 9043: 9023:, ed. (1853). 9017: 8999: 8981: 8963: 8949: 8931: 8912: 8890: 8871: 8851: 8831: 8813: 8803: 8785: 8767: 8748: 8725: 8713:Bannatyne Club 8702: 8691: 8676: 8664:, ed. (1774). 8658: 8650:, ed. (1885). 8644: 8628:, ed. (1759). 8622: 8614:, ed. (1846). 8608: 8588:, ed. (1936). 8582: 8559: 8525: 8503: 8469: 8435: 8401: 8367: 8333: 8299: 8265: 8231: 8197: 8163: 8129: 8095: 8061: 8027: 7993: 7959: 7925: 7891: 7857: 7823: 7789: 7755: 7721: 7687: 7653: 7619: 7585: 7549: 7528: 7517: 7495: 7489: 7479:. Woodbridge: 7472: 7458: 7434: 7422:, ed. (1885). 7416: 7390: 7376: 7365: 7345:, ed. (1908). 7338: 7336: 7333: 7331: 7328: 7325: 7324: 7312: 7300: 7284: 7272: 7264:Roberts (1997) 7256: 7244:Roberts (1997) 7228: 7216: 7204: 7188: 7176: 7150: 7096: 7084: 7076:Webb, N (2004) 7068: 7052: 7012: 6988:Webb, N (2004) 6964: 6952: 6940: 6928: 6916: 6900: 6884: 6864: 6844: 6828:McGrail (1995) 6796: 6780:McGrail (1995) 6778:pp. 111, 242; 6756: 6744:McGrail (1995) 6728: 6716: 6704: 6688: 6678:pp. 243, 245; 6668:Clanchy (2014) 6660: 6648: 6636: 6624: 6612: 6596: 6584: 6582:pp. 96–97, 99. 6568: 6526: 6514: 6510:Howlett (1886) 6486: 6473:Document 1/4/2 6445: 6430: 6420:pp. 112, 120; 6402: 6354: 6342: 6330: 6315: 6295: 6272: 6268:Pennant (1776) 6245: 6237:Clanchy (2014) 6229: 6169: 6165:Pollock (2005) 6157: 6149:Roberts (1997) 6121: 6105:Roberts (1997) 6085: 6069: 6049: 6034: 6014: 6004:p. 134 n. 91; 5994: 5960: 5920: 5904: 5900:Goodall (1759) 5892:Pollock (2005) 5884: 5858: 5852:p. 252 ch. 4; 5844:p. 195 n. 32; 5834: 5778:Pollock (2005) 5754: 5724:p. 117 n. 76; 5702: 5678: 5642: 5588:pp. 103, 111; 5558:Márkus (2009b) 5542:MacLean (2012) 5530:Clanchy (2014) 5522:Neville (2016) 5510: 5436: 5358: 5330:Roberts (1997) 5254: 5242: 5230: 5218: 5198: 5178: 5172:p. 116 n. 55; 5162: 5156:p. 251 ch. 3; 5142: 5126: 5114: 5102: 5062: 5058:Neville (1983) 5038: 5030:Webb, N (2004) 5022: 4989: 4977: 4944:Neville (2005) 4932: 4924:Webb, N (2004) 4916: 4897:Webb, N (2004) 4889: 4885:Webb, N (2004) 4877: 4862: 4838: 4823:Hewison (1895) 4803: 4780:pp. 413, 417; 4769:p. 283 § 245; 4759: 4733: 4713: 4698: 4682: 4656: 4648:Webb, N (2004) 4640: 4613:Webb, N (2004) 4589: 4574: 4548:Hewison (1895) 4536: 4517:Hewison (1895) 4505: 4499:p. 225 n. 66; 4485: 4459:Hewison (1895) 4443: 4431: 4415: 4403: 4391: 4375: 4355: 4343: 4313: 4283: 4256: 4228: 4204: 4192: 4180: 4160: 4158:pp. 21, 71–72. 4148: 4136: 4120: 4104: 4088: 4068: 4056: 4044: 4016: 4000:pp. 1–2, 5–6; 3979: 3947: 3931: 3903: 3879: 3867: 3855: 3829: 3803: 3780: 3750: 3720: 3660: 3644:pp. 338, 348; 3632:p. 298 n. 53; 3588:p. 183 n. 34; 3578: 3552: 3522: 3510: 3480:Webb, N (2004) 3476:Márkus (2009a) 3464: 3452: 3448:Hearnii (1774) 3436: 3415: 3377: 3366:Neilson (1923) 3360:p. 283 § 245; 3356:pp. 294, 353; 3342:Webb, N (2004) 3314: 3306:Taylor (2016c) 3298: 3286: 3278:Roberts (1997) 3266: 3246: 3234: 3222: 3200:Neilson (1923) 3158:pp. 182, 184; 3150:pp. 156, 173; 3148:Webb, N (2004) 3096: 3085:Neilson (1923) 3073: 3061: 3057:Webb, N (2004) 3049: 3037: 3029:Clanchy (2014) 3021: 3017:Clanchy (2014) 3009: 2989: 2977: 2965: 2963:p. 125 fig. 4. 2949: 2937: 2929:Roberts (1997) 2917: 2897: 2885: 2881:Powicke (1925) 2861: 2825: 2809: 2792: 2776: 2760: 2739: 2724: 2700: 2684: 2660: 2644:McGrail (1995) 2624: 2607:p. 111 § 120; 2593: 2577: 2565: 2521: 2517:Dugdale (1846) 2493: 2456: 2436: 2424: 2404: 2388: 2376: 2360: 2348: 2340:Carroll (2003) 2332: 2320: 2296: 2284:Carroll (2003) 2276: 2260: 2244: 2228: 2211: 2209:pp. 23, 26–27. 2199: 2187: 2167:Márkus (2009a) 2155: 2139: 2127: 2123:Roberts (1997) 2107: 2087: 2071:McGrail (1995) 2055:Roberts (1997) 2015:Webb, N (2004) 1979: 1959:Clanchy (2014) 1951: 1929: 1928: 1926: 1923: 1920: 1919: 1894: 1869:Middle English 1856: 1835: 1826: 1817: 1800: 1791: 1764: 1755: 1742: 1733: 1724: 1720:Stewart family 1688: 1679: 1675:Renfrew Castle 1666: 1643: 1614: 1584: 1575: 1566: 1553: 1528: 1495: 1486: 1473: 1465:Andrew Wyntoun 1428: 1416:Walter Stewart 1382: 1381: 1379: 1376: 1368:Stewart family 1307: 1304: 1288:Firth of Clyde 1132:Scotichronicon 1076:Lewis chessmen 1063: 1060: 1035:Holyrood Abbey 980: 977: 956:Stewart family 892: 891: 886: 879: 878: 874: 867: 866: 865: 864: 863: 861: 858: 755:Second Crusade 708:Wenlock Priory 700:Renfrew Castle 696:Paisley Priory 665:Cluniac priory 661:Wenlock Priory 652: 649: 575:, "Talahret", 533:; and Mearns, 503:Robert de Brus 364:bishops of Dol 316: 313: 309:James VI and I 297:Stewart family 250:Paisley Priory 246:Renfrew Castle 178: 177: 174: 170: 169: 164: 160: 159: 157: 156: 153: 147: 145: 141: 140: 137: 133: 132: 127: 121: 120: 117:Paisley Priory 113: 109: 108: 101: 97: 96: 87: 83: 82: 77: 73: 72: 64:Holyrood Abbey 61: 53: 52: 46: 45: 42: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 13006: 12995: 12992: 12990: 12987: 12985: 12982: 12980: 12977: 12975: 12972: 12970: 12967: 12965: 12962: 12960: 12959:Scoto-Normans 12957: 12955: 12954:Anglo-Normans 12952: 12950: 12947: 12945: 12942: 12940: 12937: 12935: 12932: 12931: 12929: 12918: 12914: 12910: 12906: 12902: 12898: 12897: 12886: 12880: 12876: 12872: 12867: 12863: 12859: 12855: 12850: 12846: 12842: 12837: 12833: 12831:1-84158-253-0 12827: 12823: 12820:. Edinburgh: 12819: 12815: 12811: 12807: 12805:9781118396957 12801: 12797: 12793: 12789: 12784: 12779: 12774: 12770: 12765: 12761: 12760: 12754: 12750: 12746: 12742: 12740:0-85115-941-9 12736: 12732: 12728: 12727:Gillingham, J 12723: 12719: 12715: 12710: 12706: 12702: 12698: 12694: 12690: 12686: 12681: 12676: 12671: 12667: 12662: 12658: 12654: 12650: 12646: 12642: 12638: 12634: 12630: 12626: 12622: 12621: 12616: 12611: 12607: 12601: 12597: 12593: 12588: 12584: 12580: 12576: 12570: 12566: 12561: 12557: 12553: 12549: 12547:0-85224-486-X 12543: 12538: 12537: 12530: 12526: 12520: 12516: 12511: 12507: 12503: 12498: 12493: 12489: 12485: 12484: 12479: 12475: 12471: 12467: 12463: 12459: 12455: 12451: 12447: 12443: 12439: 12434: 12430: 12428:1-904607-45-4 12424: 12420: 12415: 12411: 12407: 12403: 12399: 12395: 12391: 12387: 12383: 12378: 12374: 12368: 12364: 12363: 12355: 12351: 12347: 12343: 12328: 12324: 12320: 12319: 12313: 12307: 12303: 12301:1-86232-151-5 12297: 12293: 12289: 12285: 12281: 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n. 15. 7093: 7092:Murray (2005) 7088: 7081: 7078:pp. 156–157; 7077: 7072: 7065: 7061: 7056: 7049: 7045: 7041: 7040:Eyton (1858b) 7037: 7033: 7029: 7025: 7021: 7016: 7009: 7005: 7001: 6997: 6993: 6992:Duncan (1996) 6989: 6985: 6984:Barrow (2004) 6981: 6977: 6973: 6968: 6961: 6956: 6949: 6944: 6937: 6932: 6925: 6920: 6913: 6909: 6904: 6897: 6893: 6888: 6881: 6880:Barrow (1973) 6877: 6874:pp. 181–182; 6873: 6868: 6861: 6860:Barrow (1980) 6857: 6853: 6848: 6841: 6840:Barrow (1980) 6837: 6836:Barrow (1981) 6833: 6829: 6825: 6821: 6820:Barrow (2004) 6817: 6813: 6809: 6805: 6800: 6793: 6792:Barrow (1980) 6789: 6788:Barrow (1981) 6785: 6781: 6777: 6773: 6769: 6765: 6760: 6753: 6752:Barrow (1980) 6749: 6748:Barrow (1981) 6745: 6741: 6737: 6736:Barrow (2004) 6732: 6726:pp. 243, 245. 6725: 6720: 6713: 6708: 6701: 6698:pp. 127–128; 6697: 6692: 6685: 6681: 6677: 6673: 6669: 6664: 6657: 6652: 6645: 6640: 6633: 6628: 6621: 6616: 6609: 6605: 6600: 6593: 6588: 6581: 6577: 6572: 6565: 6563: 6558: 6556: 6551: 6550:Lawrie (1905) 6547: 6543: 6542:Barrow (1999) 6539: 6538:Sharpe (2011) 6535: 6530: 6523: 6518: 6511: 6508:pp. 193–194; 6507: 6503: 6500:pp. 182–183; 6499: 6495: 6490: 6483: 6481: 6476: 6474: 6469: 6467: 6462: 6461:Lawrie (1905) 6458: 6457:Barrow (1999) 6454: 6449: 6442: 6437: 6435: 6427: 6424:pp. 181–185; 6423: 6419: 6415: 6411: 6410:Wadden (2013) 6406: 6399: 6395: 6391: 6387: 6384:pp. 184–185; 6383: 6379: 6375: 6371: 6367: 6366:Wadden (2014) 6363: 6358: 6351: 6346: 6339: 6334: 6327: 6322: 6320: 6312: 6308: 6304: 6299: 6292: 6290: 6285: 6281: 6280:Arnold (1885) 6276: 6269: 6265: 6263: 6258: 6257:Groome (1885) 6254: 6249: 6242: 6238: 6233: 6226: 6223:pp. 387–388; 6222: 6221:Arnold (1885) 6218: 6217:Lawrie (1910) 6215:pp. 256–258; 6214: 6210: 6206: 6205:Barrow (1960) 6202: 6201:Barrow (1981) 6198: 6197:Durkan (1998) 6194: 6193:Durkan (2003) 6190: 6189:Sellar (2004) 6186: 6185:Clancy (2007) 6182: 6181:Clancy (2012) 6178: 6173: 6166: 6161: 6154: 6153:Barrow (1960) 6150: 6147:pp. 183–184; 6146: 6142: 6138: 6134: 6130: 6125: 6118: 6117:Barrow (1981) 6114: 6110: 6106: 6102: 6098: 6094: 6089: 6082: 6081:Barrow (1960) 6078: 6073: 6066: 6065:Barrow (1960) 6062: 6058: 6053: 6046: 6045:Barrow (1960) 6041: 6039: 6031: 6027: 6023: 6018: 6011: 6007: 6003: 6002:Butter (2007) 5998: 5991: 5989: 5984: 5982: 5977: 5973: 5969: 5964: 5957: 5953: 5950:p. 243 n. 2; 5949: 5945: 5941: 5938:p. 143 n. 6; 5937: 5933: 5929: 5924: 5917: 5913: 5908: 5901: 5898:pp. 262–265; 5897: 5893: 5888: 5881: 5877: 5875: 5870: 5868: 5862: 5856:p. 257 ch. 4. 5855: 5851: 5848:p. 255 n. 1; 5847: 5843: 5842:Sellar (2000) 5838: 5831: 5827: 5824:p. 243 n. 2; 5823: 5820:pp. 254–255; 5819: 5815: 5811: 5807: 5803: 5802:Barrow (1960) 5799: 5795: 5791: 5790:Sellar (2000) 5787: 5783: 5779: 5775: 5771: 5767: 5763: 5758: 5751: 5748:p. 255 n. 1; 5747: 5743: 5742:Barrow (1960) 5739: 5735: 5731: 5727: 5723: 5719: 5715: 5711: 5706: 5699: 5696:p. 255 n. 1; 5695: 5691: 5687: 5682: 5675: 5671: 5670:Stubbs (1868) 5667: 5664:p. 255 n. 1; 5663: 5659: 5655: 5651: 5646: 5639: 5636:pp. 386–388; 5635: 5634:Arnold (1885) 5632:p. 243 n. 2; 5631: 5627: 5626:Lawrie (1910) 5624:pp. 256–258; 5623: 5620:pp. 274–275; 5619: 5615: 5611: 5607: 5603: 5599: 5595: 5594:Durkan (1998) 5591: 5587: 5583: 5579: 5578:Durkan (2003) 5575: 5574:Sellar (2004) 5571: 5570:Márkus (2007) 5567: 5566:Clancy (2007) 5563: 5559: 5555: 5554:Davies (2009) 5551: 5547: 5543: 5539: 5538:Clancy (2012) 5535: 5531: 5527: 5523: 5519: 5514: 5507: 5506:Lawrie (1910) 5503: 5499: 5495: 5491: 5487: 5483: 5482:Durkan (1998) 5479: 5475: 5471: 5467: 5463: 5461: 5456: 5452: 5450: 5445: 5440: 5433: 5429: 5425: 5421: 5417: 5413: 5409: 5408:Sellar (2000) 5405: 5401: 5397: 5395: 5390: 5386: 5382: 5378: 5377:Wadden (2014) 5374: 5372: 5367: 5366:Holton (2017) 5362: 5355: 5351: 5348:pp. 48, 108; 5347: 5346:Barrow (1981) 5343: 5339: 5335: 5331: 5327: 5323: 5319: 5318:Sellar (2000) 5315: 5311: 5307: 5306:Durkan (2003) 5303: 5300:pp. 104–105; 5299: 5295: 5294:Sellar (2004) 5291: 5287: 5283: 5279: 5275: 5271: 5267: 5263: 5258: 5251: 5246: 5239: 5234: 5227: 5222: 5215: 5211: 5207: 5202: 5195: 5191: 5187: 5182: 5175: 5174:Brooke (1991) 5171: 5166: 5160:p. 256 ch. 3. 5159: 5155: 5151: 5146: 5139: 5135: 5130: 5123: 5118: 5111: 5106: 5099: 5096:pp. 128–129; 5095: 5092:pp. 244–245; 5091: 5087: 5083: 5082:Brooke (1991) 5079: 5075: 5071: 5066: 5059: 5055: 5051: 5047: 5042: 5035: 5034:Barrow (1973) 5031: 5026: 5019: 5017: 5012: 5010: 5005: 5003: 4998: 4993: 4986: 4981: 4974: 4972: 4967: 4965: 4960: 4958: 4953: 4949: 4945: 4941: 4936: 4929: 4928:Barrow (1980) 4925: 4920: 4913: 4911: 4907:p. 65 n. 18; 4906: 4905:Barrow (1980) 4902: 4898: 4893: 4886: 4881: 4874: 4873:Barrow (1980) 4869: 4867: 4860:p. 283 § 245. 4859: 4856:p. 65 n. 18; 4855: 4854:Barrow (1980) 4851: 4847: 4842: 4836:pl. 7 fig. 2. 4835: 4833: 4828: 4824: 4820: 4816: 4812: 4807: 4800: 4798: 4793: 4791: 4786: 4784: 4779: 4777: 4772: 4771:Lawrie (1905) 4768: 4763: 4756: 4754: 4749: 4747: 4742: 4737: 4731:p. 283 § 245. 4730: 4726: 4725:Barrow (1973) 4722: 4721:Barrow (1980) 4717: 4710: 4709:Barrow (1980) 4705: 4703: 4695: 4694:Barrow (1973) 4692:pp. 65, 184; 4691: 4690:Barrow (1980) 4686: 4680:p. 259 § 294. 4679: 4677: 4672: 4670: 4666:pp. 65, 193; 4665: 4664:Barrow (1980) 4660: 4653: 4652:Barrow (1980) 4649: 4644: 4637: 4635: 4630: 4626: 4625:Barrow (1980) 4622: 4618: 4617:Barrow (1995) 4614: 4610: 4606: 4605:Barrow (2004) 4602: 4601:Taylor (2008) 4598: 4593: 4586: 4581: 4579: 4572:pl. 7 fig. 1. 4571: 4569: 4564: 4562: 4557: 4553: 4552:Eyton (1858b) 4549: 4545: 4540: 4533: 4531: 4526: 4522: 4521:Eyton (1858b) 4518: 4514: 4509: 4503:p. 126 § 770. 4502: 4498: 4497:Eyton (1858b) 4494: 4489: 4483:pl. 7 fig. 1. 4482: 4480: 4475: 4473: 4468: 4464: 4463:Eyton (1858b) 4460: 4456: 4452: 4447: 4440: 4435: 4428: 4427:Barrow (1980) 4424: 4419: 4412: 4411:Barrow (1980) 4407: 4400: 4399:Barrow (1980) 4395: 4388: 4384: 4379: 4372: 4371:Barrow (1973) 4368: 4364: 4359: 4353:pp. 127, 130. 4352: 4347: 4340: 4338: 4333: 4331: 4326: 4322: 4317: 4310: 4308: 4303: 4301: 4296: 4292: 4287: 4280: 4278: 4273: 4272:Barrow (1981) 4269: 4265: 4264:Duncan (2005) 4260: 4253: 4252:Barrow (1973) 4249: 4245: 4241: 4237: 4232: 4225: 4224:Barrow (1960) 4221: 4217: 4216:Barrow (1973) 4213: 4208: 4201: 4196: 4189: 4184: 4177: 4174:pp. 104–107; 4173: 4169: 4164: 4157: 4152: 4145: 4140: 4133: 4129: 4124: 4117: 4113: 4112:Barrow (2004) 4108: 4101: 4100:Barrow (2004) 4097: 4092: 4085: 4081: 4077: 4072: 4065: 4060: 4053: 4048: 4041: 4040:Barrow (1980) 4037: 4033: 4032:Barrow (1999) 4029: 4025: 4020: 4013: 4011: 4006: 4004: 3999: 3997: 3992: 3988: 3983: 3976: 3972: 3968: 3964: 3960: 3956: 3951: 3944: 3940: 3935: 3928: 3927:Barrow (1980) 3924: 3920: 3916: 3912: 3907: 3900: 3899:Barrow (1980) 3896: 3892: 3888: 3883: 3876: 3875:Barrow (1981) 3871: 3864: 3859: 3852: 3850: 3845: 3843: 3838: 3833: 3826: 3824: 3819: 3817: 3812: 3807: 3800: 3798: 3793: 3789: 3784: 3777: 3775: 3770: 3768: 3763: 3759: 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3324:p. 44 n. 34; 3323: 3322:Taylor (2018) 3318: 3311: 3307: 3302: 3295: 3290: 3283: 3282:Barrow (1973) 3279: 3276:pp. 12, 127; 3275: 3270: 3263: 3262:Barrow (1973) 3259: 3258:Barrow (1975) 3256:pp. 12, 127; 3255: 3250: 3243: 3238: 3231: 3230:Taylor (2008) 3226: 3219: 3217: 3212: 3210: 3205: 3202:pp. 138–142; 3201: 3198:pp. 273–274; 3197: 3193: 3189: 3188:Barrow (1973) 3185: 3184:Barrow (1975) 3181: 3180:Barrow (1980) 3177: 3173: 3169: 3168:Barrow (1992) 3165: 3161: 3160:Duncan (1996) 3157: 3153: 3149: 3145: 3141: 3138:p. 40 n. 33; 3137: 3133: 3129: 3128:Taylor (2008) 3125: 3121: 3118:pp. 12, 309; 3117: 3114:pp. 139–140; 3113: 3109: 3108:Taylor (2016) 3105: 3100: 3093: 3091: 3086: 3082: 3077: 3070: 3065: 3058: 3053: 3046: 3045:Barrow (1981) 3041: 3034: 3033:Barrow (1999) 3030: 3025: 3018: 3013: 3006: 3005:Duncan (1996) 3002: 2998: 2993: 2986: 2985:Taylor (2016) 2981: 2974: 2973:Barrow (1975) 2969: 2962: 2961:Barrow (1975) 2958: 2953: 2946: 2941: 2934: 2933:Barrow (1973) 2930: 2926: 2921: 2914: 2910: 2909:Barrow (1992) 2906: 2905:Barrow (1999) 2901: 2894: 2893:Barrow (1992) 2889: 2882: 2879:pp. 270–271; 2878: 2874: 2873:Barrow (1992) 2870: 2869:Barrow (1999) 2865: 2858: 2854: 2853:Barrow (1992) 2850: 2849:Barrow (1995) 2846: 2843:p. 18 n. 68; 2842: 2841:Duncan (2005) 2838: 2834: 2829: 2822: 2818: 2817:Barrow (1999) 2813: 2806: 2801: 2799: 2797: 2789: 2788:Barrow (1999) 2785: 2780: 2773: 2772:Barrow (1981) 2769: 2764: 2757: 2756:Barrow (1999) 2753: 2748: 2746: 2744: 2736: 2735:Barrow (1999) 2731: 2729: 2721: 2720:Barrow (1973) 2717: 2716:Barrow (1973) 2713: 2712:Duncan (1996) 2709: 2704: 2697: 2696:Barrow (1973) 2693: 2692:Barrow (1973) 2688: 2681: 2677: 2676:Barrow (1980) 2673: 2669: 2668:Taylor (2008) 2664: 2657: 2653: 2652:Barrow (1980) 2649: 2645: 2641: 2640:Duncan (1996) 2637: 2636:Barrow (1999) 2633: 2628: 2621: 2619: 2614: 2613:Lawrie (1905) 2610: 2609:Barrow (1973) 2606: 2605:Barrow (1999) 2602: 2597: 2590: 2586: 2585:Barrow (2001) 2581: 2574: 2573:Barrow 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Retrieved 7397: 7384: 7380:Anderson, MO 7370: 7347: 7343:Anderson, AO 7315: 7303: 7294:pp. 32, 37; 7287: 7275: 7270:p. 382 n. 9. 7259: 7231: 7219: 7207: 7191: 7179: 7169: 7162: 7153: 7143: 7136: 7129: 7122: 7115: 7108: 7099: 7087: 7071: 7055: 7015: 7008:Brown (1927) 6967: 6955: 6943: 6931: 6919: 6903: 6894:ch. 6 ¶ 44; 6887: 6867: 6847: 6799: 6759: 6731: 6719: 6714:pp. 241–243. 6707: 6691: 6680:Woolf (2004) 6663: 6651: 6639: 6627: 6615: 6604:Woolf (2004) 6599: 6592:Woolf (2004) 6587: 6580:Woolf (2004) 6571: 6561: 6554: 6544:p. 81 § 57; 6534:Woolf (2004) 6529: 6517: 6489: 6479: 6472: 6465: 6448: 6441:Woolf (2004) 6414:Woolf (2013) 6405: 6392:p. 223–224; 6380:ch. 7 ¶ 46; 6370:Woolf (2013) 6357: 6350:Woolf (2013) 6345: 6333: 6328:pp. 102–103. 6326:Woolf (2004) 6311:Woolf (2004) 6298: 6288: 6284:Skene (1871) 6275: 6270:pp. 172–173. 6261: 6248: 6243:pp. 274–275. 6241:Brown (1927) 6232: 6227:pp. 449–451. 6225:Skene (1871) 6209:Brown (1927) 6177:Woolf (2013) 6172: 6160: 6124: 6097:Woolf (2004) 6088: 6072: 6061:Woolf (2004) 6052: 6017: 5997: 5987: 5980: 5963: 5940:Brown (1927) 5923: 5907: 5887: 5880:Duffy (1993) 5873: 5866: 5861: 5854:Skene (1871) 5850:Skene (1872) 5837: 5814:Brown (1927) 5800:pp. 31, 45; 5798:Duffy (1993) 5794:Duffy (1999) 5762:Woolf (2013) 5757: 5734:Duffy (1993) 5716:pp. 57, 64; 5705: 5681: 5674:Riley (1853) 5654:Duffy (1993) 5650:Duffy (1999) 5645: 5640:pp. 449–451. 5638:Skene (1871) 5618:Brown (1927) 5562:Broun (2007) 5534:Woolf (2013) 5526:Cowan (2015) 5513: 5494:Duffy (1993) 5474:Woolf (2005) 5459: 5448: 5439: 5426:pp. 31, 45; 5424:Duffy (1993) 5416:Duffy (1999) 5400:Woolf (2005) 5393: 5381:Woolf (2013) 5370: 5361: 5354:Brown (1927) 5340:pp. 31, 45; 5338:Duffy (1993) 5322:Duffy (1999) 5304:ch. 7 ¶ 49; 5298:Woolf (2004) 5257: 5245: 5240:pp. 197–198. 5233: 5221: 5206:Woolf (2013) 5201: 5181: 5165: 5158:Skene (1871) 5154:Skene (1872) 5145: 5129: 5117: 5105: 5076:ch. 7 ¶ 48; 5065: 5041: 5025: 5015: 5008: 5001: 4992: 4980: 4970: 4963: 4956: 4935: 4930:p. 65 n. 18. 4919: 4909: 4892: 4887:p. 55 n. 51. 4880: 4875:p. 65 n. 18. 4841: 4831: 4827:Laing (1850) 4819:Birch (1895) 4806: 4796: 4789: 4782: 4775: 4762: 4752: 4745: 4736: 4716: 4685: 4675: 4668: 4659: 4643: 4633: 4629:Brown (1927) 4627:pp. 14, 65; 4592: 4567: 4560: 4556:Laing (1850) 4544:Birch (1895) 4539: 4529: 4525:Laing (1850) 4519:p. 46 n. 1; 4513:Birch (1895) 4508: 4501:Laing (1850) 4488: 4478: 4471: 4467:Laing (1850) 4455:Birch (1895) 4446: 4439:Hicks (2003) 4434: 4418: 4406: 4394: 4378: 4358: 4346: 4336: 4329: 4316: 4306: 4299: 4286: 4276: 4259: 4231: 4207: 4195: 4183: 4176:Waitz (1912) 4172:David (1936) 4163: 4151: 4139: 4123: 4107: 4091: 4071: 4059: 4047: 4019: 4009: 4002: 3995: 3982: 3961:pp. 53, 84; 3950: 3934: 3906: 3882: 3870: 3865:pp. 172–173. 3858: 3848: 3841: 3832: 3822: 3815: 3806: 3801:pp. 408–410. 3796: 3783: 3773: 3766: 3753: 3743: 3736: 3723: 3716:Brown (1927) 3684:Shead (2003) 3663: 3653: 3646: 3642:Eyton (1856) 3606:Lewis (2003) 3581: 3571: 3564: 3555: 3545: 3538: 3525: 3513: 3503: 3496: 3492:Eyton (1856) 3467: 3455: 3444:Eyton (1856) 3439: 3432:Woolf (2004) 3408: 3401: 3391:p. 81 § 57; 3380: 3370: 3317: 3301: 3296:pp. 12, 127. 3289: 3269: 3249: 3244:pp. 139–140. 3237: 3225: 3215: 3208: 3204:Eyton (1856) 3196:Brown (1927) 3124:Grant (2008) 3099: 3089: 3076: 3064: 3052: 3040: 3024: 3012: 3007:pp. 135–136. 2997:Grant (2008) 2992: 2980: 2968: 2952: 2940: 2920: 2900: 2888: 2877:Brown (1927) 2864: 2833:Broun (2011) 2828: 2812: 2779: 2763: 2703: 2687: 2663: 2627: 2617: 2596: 2580: 2568: 2563:pp. 337–338. 2559:pp. 13, 64; 2524: 2519:p. 822 § 24. 2513:Eyton (1856) 2496: 2486: 2479: 2472: 2466:pp. 19, 67; 2459: 2452:Eyton (1856) 2439: 2427: 2420:Round (1901) 2416:Round (1902) 2407: 2391: 2379: 2363: 2351: 2335: 2323: 2299: 2294:pp. 154–156. 2279: 2263: 2247: 2231: 2202: 2190: 2158: 2142: 2130: 2119:Woolf (2004) 2110: 2090: 2031:Hicks (2003) 1982: 1954: 1945: 1938: 1933: 1908: 1902: 1897: 1889: 1885: 1878: 1871: 1864: 1863:The surname 1859: 1851: 1847: 1838: 1829: 1820: 1803: 1794: 1776: 1767: 1758: 1745: 1736: 1727: 1691: 1682: 1669: 1651: 1646: 1617: 1604:Nigram Aulam 1601: 1587: 1578: 1569: 1556: 1531: 1508:Vita Ailredi 1507: 1498: 1489: 1476: 1469:Walter Bower 1457:Hector Boece 1441:John Barbour 1431: 1423: 1419: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1386: 1359: 1349: 1345: 1341: 1335: 1324: 1300: 1296: 1275: 1273: 1252: 1245: 1208: 1205: 1195: 1191: 1186:The name of 1168: 1151: 1137: 1130: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1110: 1106: 1098: 1094: 1088: 1082: 1080: 1050: 1027: 1021: 1014: 1008: 994: 965: 961: 948:coat of arms 928: 924: 920: 918: 834: 810: 783:Rhinelanders 764: 758: 736: 693: 670: 625: 566: 495:Anglo-Norman 487: 422: 392: 345: 343:and Walter. 326: 281: 259:against the 254: 222: 205: 182: 181: 125:Noble family 67: 36: 12939:1177 deaths 12691:: 189–213. 12675:10214/12957 12444:(1): 1–52. 12388:(1): 1–22. 12288:Sellar, WDH 12014:: 165–189. 11875:(5): 1–29. 11807:Neville, CJ 11643:. pp. 11639:. Toronto: 11455:(1): 1–35. 11239:(1): 1–17. 10984:10214/10473 10729:. pp. 10685:(1): 61–76. 10679:Foundations 10578:: 333–354. 10515:Campbell, E 10377:: 192–220. 10323:(1): 1–37. 10290:Duncan, AAM 9971:Clanchy, MT 9680:Boardman, S 9627:John Donald 9513:(1): 1–20. 9463:. Toronto: 9377:Barrow, GWS 8734:. Glasgow: 8672:Benj. White 7633:30 December 7599:30 December 7438:Barrow, GWS 7120:pp. 17–18; 7038:pp. 52–53; 7036:Lees (1878) 6948:Oram (2011) 6908:Oram (2011) 6830:pp. 41–42; 6814:pp. 85–86; 6804:Oram (2011) 6782:pp. 41–42; 6770:pp. 85–86; 6746:pp. 41–42; 6696:Oram (2011) 6672:Oram (2011) 6620:Oram (2011) 6559:p. 12 § 9; 6522:Oram (2011) 6498:Ross (2003) 6494:Oram (2011) 6453:Oram (2011) 6426:Oram (2001) 6422:Ross (2003) 6418:Oram (2011) 6382:Ross (2003) 6374:Oram (2011) 6338:Oram (2011) 6303:Oram (2011) 6129:Oram (2011) 6115:pp. 20–21; 6077:Oram (2011) 6057:Oram (2011) 6022:Oram (2011) 5970:pp. 83–84; 5916:Oram (2000) 5912:Oram (2011) 5896:Watt (1994) 5770:Oram (2011) 5584:pp. 68–69; 5550:Oram (2011) 5508:p. 80 § 61. 5478:Oram (2000) 5466:Oram (2011) 5270:Oram (2011) 5214:Oram (2000) 5210:Oram (2011) 5186:Oram (2000) 5150:Oram (1988) 5138:Oram (2000) 5122:Oram (2000) 5084:pp. 52–54; 5078:Oram (2000) 5054:Oram (1988) 4968:pp. 74–75; 4954:pp. 45–46; 4952:Lees (1878) 4946:pp. 32–33; 4926:pp. 53–54; 4899:pp. 54–55; 4327:pp. 32–34; 4325:Lees (1878) 4281:p. 60 § 66. 3993:pp. 32–34; 3991:Lees (1878) 3975:Lees (1878) 3863:Oram (2008) 3846:pp. 92–96; 3837:Oram (2008) 3811:Oram (2008) 3698:pp. 46–47; 3406:p. 12 § 9; 3326:Oram (2011) 3182:pp. 13–14; 3146:pp. 11–12; 3116:Oram (2011) 2875:pp. 58–59; 2638:pp. 34–35; 2634:pp. 11–12; 2414:pp. 13–15; 2312:Head (2006) 2163:Oram (2011) 2151:Beam (2011) 1876:Old English 1852:senescallus 1360:senescallus 997:Les Andelys 933:Kelso Abbey 712:St Milburga 681:Dunfermline 585:Lochwinnoch 535:Strathgryfe 462:Strathgryfe 445:chamberlain 432:senescallus 382:, south of 374:, north of 372:North Stoke 275:. In 1164, 226:Strathgryfe 190: 1090 12928:Categories 12847:: 199–213. 12778:10023/7088 12344:required.) 12282:required.) 12270:24 October 11930:10023/2638 11445:Martin, FX 11195:10023/4175 11155:2019017096 11069:1893/20473 11016:1082874543 10654:Forte, A; 10519:Forsyth, K 10270:. Dublin: 10254:2262/77137 9997:Clancy, TO 9945:Howard, JE 9926:Allen Lane 9688:Finlay, RJ 9616:required.) 9550:. Oxford: 9486:. London: 9031:H. G. Bohn 8953:Pennant, T 8865:30 October 8845:30 October 8670:. London: 8662:Hearnii, T 8648:Groome, FH 8626:Goodall, W 8612:Dugdale, W 8568:Davis, HWC 8564:Davis, RHC 8483:18 October 8449:1 November 8415:1 November 8381:1 November 8347:1 November 8313:1 November 8279:1 November 8245:1 November 8211:1 November 8177:1 November 8143:1 November 8109:8 February 8075:1 November 8041:1 November 8007:1 November 7973:1 November 7939:1 November 7905:1 November 7871:1 November 7837:1 November 7803:1 November 7769:1 November 7735:1 November 7701:1 November 7667:1 November 7353:David Nutt 7351:. 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6578:p. 241; 6536:p. 103; 6412:p. 208; 6364:p. 122; 6352:pp. 2–3. 6309:p. 245; 6305:p. 128; 6286:p. 450; 6282:p. 388; 6259:p. 243; 6239:p. 169; 6211:p. 274; 6199:p. 137; 6195:p. 230; 6187:p. 126; 6143:p. 245; 6131:p. 128; 6103:p. 184; 6099:p. 105; 6079:p. 128; 6063:p. 105; 6059:p. 128; 6024:p. 128; 6008:p. 223; 5985:p. 125; 5954:p. 130; 5946:p. 254; 5942:p. 275; 5930:p. 245; 5914:p. 128; 5828:p. 130; 5816:p. 275; 5808:p. 197; 5796:p. 356; 5792:p. 189; 5776:p. 245; 5772:p. 128; 5768:p. 107; 5732:p. 135; 5728:p. 150; 5712:p. 193; 5672:p. 224; 5668:p. 243; 5652:p. 356; 5616:p. 197; 5608:p. 135; 5596:p. 137; 5580:p. 230; 5572:p. 100; 5568:p. 126; 5564:p. 164; 5560:p. 113; 5552:p. 128; 5548:p. 107; 5544:p. 651; 5532:p. 169; 5520:p. 125; 5504:p. 254; 5500:p. 197; 5492:p. 135; 5484:p. 137; 5472:p. 245; 5468:p. 128; 5457:p. 107; 5446:p. 121; 5430:p. 197; 5422:p. 135; 5418:p. 356; 5410:p. 189; 5387:p. 107; 5368:p. 125; 5352:p. 197; 5336:p. 150; 5324:p. 356; 5320:p. 189; 5316:p. 169; 5312:p. 183; 5308:p. 230; 5288:p. 245; 5272:p. 128; 5268:p. 107; 5264:p. 121; 5212:p. 122; 5032:p. 149; 4999:p. 199; 4961:p. 417; 4852:p. 167; 4727:p. 354; 4631:p. 275; 4611:p. 167; 4565:p. vii; 4554:p. 225; 4476:p. vii; 4465:p. 225; 4304:p. 249; 4270:p. 167; 4242:p. 183; 4218:p. 339; 4214:p. 183; 4082:p. 183; 3839:p. 172; 3813:p. 172; 3771:p. 249; 3714:p. 340; 3694:p. 212; 3690:p. 223; 3682:p. 167; 3670:p. 135; 3620:p. 180; 3616:p. 222; 3604:p. 167; 3494:p. 348; 3486:p. 180; 3446:p. 347; 3352:p. 131; 3340:p. 167; 3328:p. 309; 3260:p. 131; 3206:p. 347; 3186:p. 131; 3170:p. 214; 3162:p. 136; 3142:p. 167; 3130:p. 107; 3110:p. 160; 3106:p. 104; 3031:p. 171; 2835:p. 278; 2718:p. 326; 2714:p. 137; 2694:p. 326; 2670:p. 107; 2642:p. 136; 2611:p. 338; 2603:p. 157; 2551:p. 136; 2543:p. 157; 2515:p. 347; 2507:p. 338; 2484:p. 216; 2470:p. 338; 2450:p. 338; 2370:p. 610; 2342:p. 142; 2310:p. 174; 2306:p. 104; 2286:p. 142; 2254:p. 232; 1890:seneshal 1787:Carlisle 1783:mustered 1697:heraldic 1639:St James 1623:St Mirin 1517:economus 1173:Inverkip 1146:and the 1099:Chronica 1001:Normandy 979:Galloway 952:heraldry 929:de Molle 925:de Molle 775:Flemings 677:Ayrshire 659:Ruinous 577:Cathcart 505:; Upper 491:earldoms 450:rannaire 368:Brittany 265:Galloway 12864:: 1–11. 12822:Birlinn 12729:(ed.). 12214:: 1–16. 12164:411939M 11539:4051525 10752:(ed.). 10266:(ed.). 10214:Birlinn 9230:. 1817. 8898:Goss, A 7266:p. 35; 7254:p. 322. 7246:p. 35; 7242:n. 89; 7198:p. 13; 7111:(1837a) 7062:p. 62; 7034:p. 10; 7022:p. 51; 7010:p. 275. 7002:p. 34; 6998:p. 30; 6978:p. 62; 6974:p. 11; 6950:p. 128. 6926:p. 107. 6882:p. 339. 6878:p. 65; 6854:p. 86; 6818:p. 62; 6810:p. 12; 6774:p. 62; 6766:p. 12; 6646:p. 113. 6610:p. 171. 6548:p. 35; 6512:p. 193. 6455:p. 88; 6443:p. 104. 6396:p. 36; 6368:p. 39; 6313:p. 105. 6266:p. 78; 6255:p. 61; 6207:p. 20; 6203:p. 48; 6183:p. 19; 6151:p. 96; 6135:p. 13; 6111:p. 19; 6107:p. 96; 6095:p. 12; 6012:p. 212. 5934:p. 12; 5894:p. 14; 5876:(2016b) 5869:(2016a) 5804:p. 20; 5784:p. 12; 5780:p. 14; 5744:p. 20; 5740:p. 13; 5736:p. 45; 5688:p. 13; 5676:p. 262. 5656:p. 31; 5604:p. 43; 5556:p. 67; 5540:p. 19; 5528:p. 18; 5496:p. 45; 5488:p. 67; 5480:p. 76; 5434:p. 254. 5414:p. 62; 5391:p. 76; 5379:p. 34; 5356:p. 274. 5344:p. 19; 5332:p. 96; 5292:p. 12; 5280:p. 57; 5196:p. 245. 5188:p. 80; 5152:p. 93; 5080:p. 80; 5072:p. 12; 5056:p. 90; 5052:p. 12; 4987:p. 199. 4950:p. 48; 4942:p. 11; 4914:p. 417. 4834:(1837b) 4750:p. 75; 4723:p. 65; 4711:p. 184. 4696:p. 354. 4678:(1837a) 4650:p. 58; 4638:p. 417. 4623:p. 43; 4570:(1837b) 4563:(1837a) 4495:p. 62; 4481:(1837b) 4474:(1837a) 4453:p. 62; 4425:p. 27; 4385:p. 11; 4373:p. 347. 4369:p. 45; 4365:p. 27; 4323:p. 13; 4293:p. 24; 4274:p. 87; 4254:p. 339. 4250:p. 16; 4246:p. 66; 4238:p. 26; 4222:p. 20; 4202:p. 267. 4170:p. 72; 4146:p. 166. 4134:p. 166. 4130:p. 38; 4118:p. 166. 4098:p. 38; 4078:p. 38; 4038:p. 44; 4034:p. 35; 3989:p. 79; 3965:p. 27; 3957:p. 14; 3941:p. 79; 3925:p. 16; 3921:p. 44; 3917:p. 10; 3897:p. 44; 3889:p. 79; 3790:p. 46; 3760:p. 46; 3734:p. 16; 3730:p. 46; 3718:p. 274. 3710:p. 67; 3706:p. 27; 3702:p. 16; 3686:p. 21; 3678:p. 26; 3674:p. 79; 3636:p. 67; 3628:p. 43; 3612:p. 35; 3608:p. 28; 3592:p. 26; 3499:(1837a) 3478:p. 50; 3474:p. 92; 3462:p. 179. 3450:p. 144. 3434:p. 103. 3395:p. 35; 3284:p. 339. 3280:p. 35; 3264:p. 339. 3232:p. 107. 3178:p. 30; 3174:p. 16; 3166:p. 43; 3134:p. 85; 3059:p. 156. 3019:p. 171. 3003:p. 31; 2987:p. 182. 2935:p. 338. 2931:p. 35; 2915:p. 138. 2911:p. 59; 2907:p. 35; 2871:p. 35; 2859:p. 138. 2855:p. 58; 2847:p. 70; 2823:p. 138. 2819:p. 35; 2770:p. 12; 2722:p. 339. 2698:p. 339. 2678:p. 64; 2674:p. 43; 2650:p. 43; 2646:p. 41; 2587:n. 89; 2575:p. 249. 2555:p. 43; 2539:n. 89; 2511:p. 70; 2503:p. 19; 2454:p. 347. 2446:p. 19; 2398:p. 26; 2314:p. 69; 2290:p. 52; 1872:stiward 1865:Stewart 1751:Ragnall 1635:St Mary 1545:knights 1523:dapifer 1461:Fleance 1364:surname 1351:Stewart 1220:nepotes 1214:nepotes 1177:Houston 901:with a 887:Image b 875:Image a 854:Britons 838:Cumbric 779:Normans 633:Carrick 629:Glasgow 621:knights 617:demesne 601:Stenton 593:Partick 573:Pollock 569:Paisley 539:Renfrew 507:Eskdale 466:Renfrew 426:dapifer 403:Matilda 380:Manhood 376:Arundel 362:to the 360:steward 341:William 230:Renfrew 210:steward 206:dapifer 12881: 12828: 12802: 12747: 12737: 12703: 12695: 12655: 12647: 12639: 12602: 12581: 12571: 12554: 12544: 12521: 12504: 12464: 12456: 12425: 12408: 12400: 12369: 12338: 12332:5 July 12298: 12276: 12238: 12193: 12162: 12152: 12131: 12123: 12115: 12094: 12069: 12052: 12044: 12026: 11997:579218 11995: 11987: 11979: 11946: 11903: 11895: 11887: 11858: 11850: 11842: 11797: 11787: 11783:–305. 11736: 11728: 11720: 11697: 11678: 11661: 11651: 11645:93–119 11618: 11599: 11582: 11574: 11566: 11537: 11529: 11510:Albion 11496: 11475: 11467: 11435: 11425: 11400: 11392: 11356: 11324: 11284: 11276: 11251: 11243: 11218: 11210: 11202: 11184: 11153: 11145: 11135: 11113: 11105: 11097: 11043: 11014: 11004: 10935: 10912: 10886: 10861: 10851: 10815: 10805: 10764: 10737: 10733:–254. 10710: 10666: 10645: 10600: 10592: 10549: 10541: 10533: 10502: 10473: 10465: 10436: 10428: 10397: 10389: 10351: 10343: 10335: 10304: 10278: 10230: 10220: 10195: 10185: 10181:–194. 10157: 10147: 10130: 10124:431937 10122: 10114: 10106: 10075: 10038: 10007: 9985: 9959: 9932: 9908: 9900: 9892: 9852: 9844: 9836: 9813: 9785: 9768: 9740: 9706: 9633: 9610: 9604:5 July 9566: 9533: 9525: 9494: 9471: 9448: 9431: 9423: 9367: 9359: 9351: 9328: 9320: 9312: 9272: 9248: 9152: 9130: 9100: 9078: 9059: 9037: 9011: 8993: 8975: 8943: 8925: 8884: 8825: 8797: 8779: 8761: 8742: 8719: 8519: 7487: 7466: 7456: 7406:. 2005 7359: 7322:p. 89. 7310:p. 37. 7298:p. 87. 7282:p. 87. 7186:p. 14. 7172:(n.d.) 7167:p. 1; 7165:(1832) 7146:(n.d.) 7139:(n.d.) 7132:(n.d.) 7125:(n.d.) 7118:(1832) 7082:p. 34. 7066:p. 51. 7050:p. 88. 6962:p. 34. 6898:p. 65. 6842:p. 68. 6794:p. 68. 6754:p. 68. 6658:p. 35. 6622:p. 89. 6564:(n.d.) 6557:(1843) 6482:(n.d.) 6475:(n.d.) 6468:(1842) 6416:p. 3; 6400:p. 73. 6291:(n.d.) 6264:(1851) 6167:p. 14. 6155:p. 20. 6119:p. 48. 6083:p. 20. 6067:p. 20. 6047:p. 20. 6032:p. 20. 5990:(n.d.) 5983:(1832) 5958:p. 79. 5918:p. 76. 5882:p. 45. 5832:p. 79. 5764:p. 3; 5524:p. 7; 5462:(2008) 5451:(2017) 5396:(2005) 5383:p. 3; 5373:(2016) 5140:p. 80. 5124:p. 80. 5112:p. 12. 5100:p. 77. 5018:(n.d.) 5011:(n.d.) 5004:(1847) 4973:(n.d.) 4966:(1832) 4959:(1851) 4912:(1851) 4848:p. 7; 4799:(n.d.) 4792:(n.d.) 4785:(1846) 4778:(1851) 4755:(n.d.) 4748:(1832) 4671:(1846) 4636:(1851) 4619:p. 8; 4599:p. 7; 4587:p. 62. 4532:(n.d.) 4401:p. 65. 4389:p. 13. 4339:(n.d.) 4332:(1832) 4309:(n.d.) 4302:(1832) 4279:(1843) 4226:p. 20. 4178:p. 63. 4086:p. 79. 4066:p. 38. 4054:p. 79. 4042:p. 67. 4030:p. 5; 4012:(n.d.) 4005:(n.d.) 3998:(1832) 3929:p. 67. 3901:p. 67. 3893:p. 4; 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