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44:
663:). A second entrance leads to a courtyard with a fountain in the centre, the result of the transformation of an original small lobby, probably in the late 1st century AD. This leads to the main lobby and then the rectangular peristyle surrounded by columns on all four sides. At the north-eastern corner of the peristyle are stairs giving access to the upper storey which is lost. The rich floor mosaic which dates from the first phase of the domus is still preserved; the mosaics of the two rooms that open onto the porch are dated to the Augustan age. The porch overlooks an apsidal
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648:, so named for its unusual and impressive underground rooms (cryptoporticus literally means covered porch, partly underground and was used in Roman architecture to build terraces or a covered market). It is a large and sumptuous private residence built in the classical style of noble Roman houses (domus with atrium and peristyle). Its earliest phase was the late 2nd and early 1st century BC and underwent numerous renovations in the Augustan period. Further changes were made between the Flavian and
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looking as though a vast cataract had rolled over the top of the bridge, and been petrified in its fall, ere it could reach the ground?....The stalactites stand out six or seven feet from the wall, and depend to a depth of fifteen or twenty feet. Independently of their remarkable conformation, their colouring â a clear yellowish white â combines, with the grey or reddish masonry, to add to the effect of the bridge.
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421:. It became a centre of imports of refined Attic pottery, precious oriental balm, beautiful jewels of the most unusual shapes to satisfy its wealthy citizens, as is shown by the many masterpieces of Greek and Etruscan art from the tombs in national museums today. In return it exported its treasures throughout the Mediterranean: pottery, bronzes and wine.
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Three impressive and strong defensive gates of the five originals are now exposed. The remains of the north gate show an imposing defensive structure. On its west external side a votive ditch was discovered which was rich in materials documenting a cult linked to fertility dating from the
Hellenistic
697:
Next to the north-western side of the domus is a series of rooms built probably in the
Hellenistic age. It is a complex of two or more buildings of still uncertain date and use. They are characterised by the presence of works of canalisation and different types of paving, using brickwork, tiles and
726:
The temple has an imposing base of sides 36.5 x 24.5 m. The temple had a continuous colonnade on all four sides, doubled on the front by four additional columns; it is preceded by a projection with a central staircase. The temple reveals at least two construction phases; the oldest (late 6th
693:
The underground part of the house, the cryptoporticus, is accessed via a corridor to the east of the peristyle covered by a well preserved barrel vault. The underground environment was ventilated and lit from 18 windows that open at the level of the garden above. The function of the underground
802:
It is verily a magnificent structure, bestriding the rocky abyss like a colossus, with the Fiora fretting and foaming at a vast depth beneath. But what means this extraordinary curtain of stalactites which overhangs the bridge on this side, depending in huge jagged masses from the parapet, and
639:
Along the decumanus is an area occupied by a large residential complex. The first building, a large domus north of the decumanus, is preceded by a series of small rectangular rooms, perhaps workshops (tabernae), overlooking the main street. Among these open the two entrances of the Villa (or
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The 7th century is represented by the tomb of the Bronze Wagon, and in its later stages valuable and sophisticated products were imported from many
Mediterranean markets showing the rise in wealth and culture of Vulci, whilst many Greeks came to live in Vulci as shown by the craftsmanship,
338:
Although the wealth, magnificence and population of Vulci must have been among the first of
Etruscan cities, it is mentioned only rarely in ancient literature or potential texts for some periods have been lost; hence the history of Vulci may be reconstructed mainly from archaeology.
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of Europe. From these tombs more Attic vases have been found in the Vulci tombs than at any other ancient site (at least by the 1850s) and many of these masterpieces as well as
Etruscan bronzes have found their way into the major museums of the world where they can be seen today.
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vases, bronzes and other remains. From these tombs more Attic vases have been found in Vulci than at any other ancient site. Many of the finds were sold by the excavators and many found their way into the major museums of the world where they can be seen today.
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was founded in its territory. The Romans took the coast from Vulci, cutting the base of their power which seems to have led to the decline of the city. The
Etruscan league splintered apart during the war and the Etruscans were soon assimilated.
424:
The original port of Vulci was a quay on the river Fiora but the expansion of trade led it to build a larger coastal port at
Regisvilla (or Regae) and it became a major maritime power although it was located some miles up the river, like Rome.
690:), covered with intact mosaic floors supported on columns of bricks to allow the circulation of hot air. Areas immediately south of the baths were a general sector for services directly connected with the decumanus by a narrow private road.
299:
The Vulci, like other
Etruscans, became master sculptors in bronze as acknowledged by ancient writers. Although most large bronzes have been lost, there remain some magnificent examples of Etruscan bronze work such as the
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of the 8th century BC is marked by the start of production of bronze objects such as covered urns in the shape of a house or cone, and the first of these products showed up in Greece towards the end of the century.
718:. Many fragments were found which allowed reconstruction of the arch, and a long inscription was also found which dedicated it to Publius Sulpicius Mundus who was a Roman senator in around 100 BC.
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In the 19th century thousands of the ancient tombs of Vulci were discovered, and many were so well known and spectacular, such as the Tomb of the Sun and Moon, that they were included on the
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After a time of crisis in the 2nd half of the 5th century, Vulci seems to have undergone a new expansion in the 4th century when the great tombs were built such as the François tomb.
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era until the end of the first century AD. Near the ditch are tombs carved into a rocky bank. Not far away you can see the facing cross-linked by a building still to be explored.
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in 1958 in the necropolis of
Cavalupo, dated 850â800 BC, of a Sardinian woman of high rank. Among the funeral contents is a magnificent bronze statue of a warrior now in the
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periods, while in late antiquity parts of the domus were partially reused. Later the area was abandoned and used as a cemetery from the discovery of tombs in the cellar.
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buttresses are very probably
Etruscan, for they are evidently the piers of the original bridge.) It carried the ancient road and the Romans, unusually, incorporated an
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In the north-western part are thermal baths that were reduced from four to three rooms in the restructuring of the Augustan age. They are composed of a dressing room (
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The Ponte dell'Abbadia over the Fiora is a Roman bridge with a main arch of 20 m span and 30 m above the stream and was built upon an Etruscan bridge. (The
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The walls were built in the first half of the 4th c. BC before the wars with the Romans and are about 6.5 km in circumference. Several sections can be seen.
737:. Among the many elements of the elevation which have collapsed and are visible around the monument, a fragment of the architrave with inscription can be seen.
731:. In the early Roman Imperial age the temple was rebuilt, which involved the replacement of the wooden elements of the elevation with travertine structures and
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277:... was scarcely remembered, but which now, for the enormous treasures of antiquity it has yielded, is exalted above every other city of the ancient world."
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In the 18th and 19th centuries many of the tombs were so well known and spectacular, such as the Tomb of the Sun and Moon, that they were included on the
1260:
749:. Originally with a gabled roof, it has a small apse and shows a combination of building techniques in the walls (especially in the east), such as
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on it leading to Vulci about 1.5 km away. The overflow of the aqueduct after it fell into disrepair caused the "curtain of stalactites".
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through it in 240 BC. However, large buildings in the city date to this period. A surviving milestone gives the distance to Rome as 70
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of Europe. Despite these discoveries most of these tombs were later forgotten and lost, except for the Cuccumella tomb, the largest
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Klinger, Sonia. 2013. "Underworld Demons on an Early Fifth Century BCE Etruscan Black-Figure Stamnos from Vulci, now in Berlin."
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Pettoello, Giulia. 2016. "Multisensory Museum: A Proposal for Personalized Virtual Knowledge of the Vulci Archaeological Park."
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Originally the Etruscans were co-founders of Rome and they continued to dominate it. Vulci had some influence on early Rome, as
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Rediscovered Etruscans and the Francois Tomb, FRS Ridgway, Journal of Roman Archaeology / Volume 18 / January 2005, pp 466-471
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Van Kampen, Iefke. 2007. "A Workshop of Stone Sculpture Production in South Etruria: La Bottega del Gruppo di San Donato."
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The Archaeological Museum of Vulci is located in the Castello dell'Abbadia and houses an extensive collection of finds.
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871:"Bronze chariot inlaid with ivory - Work of Art - Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History - The Metropolitan Museum of Art"
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Vulci does not seem to have been of great importance in the remaining Roman period, even though the Romans built the
354:. The most important discovery that testifies to the contact between Etruscans and Sardinians in this period was the
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The Vulci were a tribe or people who gave their name to their city and were one of the legendary twelve peoples of
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N. Spivey, âGreek Vases in Etruriaâ, in N. Spivey and T. Rasmussen (eds.), Looking at Greek Vases (Cambridge, 1991)
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The large main entrance leads into a vast atrium, around which are arranged various rooms, divided into bedrooms (
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Recent excavations have brought to light more large and spectacular tombs such as the Tomb of the Silver Hands.
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The Archaeological Museum of Vulci, dedicated to the rich archaeological history of the ancient Etruscan city
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complex was especially the preservation of products such as wine and oil that needed a suitable environment.
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Catalogue of the Etruscan gallery of the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology.
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In 2003 the foundations of a triumphal arch were discovered on the Decumanus at the west side of the Roman
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brothers (Caile and Avle Vipinas) were from Vulci. Their names and pictures appear on a fresco in the
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Vulci's golden age of influence and wealth was in the 6th century BC when it ruled over the cities of
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Recent excavations are discovering much more information on the history and importance of the city.
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On the south side of the Decumanus is an apsidal rectangular building, believed to be a late Roman
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The waters still flow from an aqueduct into the gardens of the adjoining Castello dell'Abbadia.
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Etruscan Tomb Groups: Ancient Pottery and Bronzes in Chicagoâs Field Museum of Natural History.
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http://www.archaeology.org/issues/138-1407/features/2170-etruscan-tomb-of-the-silver-hands
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The former wealth of the town was shown first by the discoveries made in its extensive
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Edited by David Ridgway and Francesca R. Ridgway, 241â76. New York: Academic Press.
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in 310 and 283 BC. Nevertheless, Vulci was strong enough to further resist until
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Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology.
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The Cities and Cemeteries of Etruria, Chapter XXI Vulci, George Dennis, 1848.
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Despite these discoveries most of these tombs were later forgotten and lost.
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Haynes, Sybille. 1991. "The Bronze Bust from the âIsis Tombâ Reconsidered."
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Archaeology Magazine, The Tomb of the Silver Hands, Tuesday, July 15, 2014;
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2008:
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Rowland, Ingrid. 2007. "Marriage and Mortality in the Tetnies Sarcophagi."
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Italy before the Romans: The Iron Age, Orientalizing, and Etruscan periods.
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Riccioni, Giuliana. 1979. "Vulci: A Topographical and Cultural Survey." In
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Holliday, Peter. 1993. "Narrative Structures in the François Tomb", in
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By Peter Holliday, 175â97. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
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Harris, W., R. Talbert, T. Elliott, S. Gillies (28 September 2022).
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The Cities and Cemeteries of Etruria by George Dennis, London, 1848
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which includes a swimming pool probably built in Imperial times.
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hills was important in the development of trade especially with
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Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici dell'Etruria Meridionale
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recorded in the Fasti Consulares, preserved in the Capitol.
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Vulcientia Vetustiora: A Study of Archaic Vulcian Bronzes.
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Copenhagen: Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters.
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century BC) had numerous architectural terracottas with
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lasted many years before the Romans gained control over
440:. After the population of Rome had become predominantly
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Cinerary urn in the form of a house, 8th c. BC, Vulci
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The site was described by George Dennis as follows:
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581:. Another important burial chamber, the so-called
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390:manufacture and trade in fine ceramics (e.g.
346:period, the wealth of metal resources in the
1506:Arruns Tarquinius (son of Tarquin the Proud)
1259:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
466:triumphed over Vulci in 280 BC and the
335:Etruscan League to protect their interests.
1343:Gran Sasso e Monti della Laga National Park
875:The Metâs Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History
860:Vitruvius iii.3.5 Pliny Natural History 16
619:The West Gate is the starting point of the
458:and the Etruscans were soundly defeated at
284:about 80 km northwest of Rome, on the
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811:Ancient Etruscan quay on the river Fiora
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545:Bronze statue from the Isis Tomb in the
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280:Vulci was located near the coast of the
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1215:National Archaeological Museum of Vulci
273:wrote, "Vulci is a city whose very name
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1203:Vulci Archaeological Naturalistic Park
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710:Roman Arch of Publius Sulpicius Mundus
444:, the Etruscan kings were overthrown.
217:Vulci Archaeological Naturalistic Park
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1018:"Collection search: You searched for"
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839:The Cities and Cemeteries of Etruria
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1198:Vulci - World History Encyclopedia
1099:Narrative and Event in Ancient Art
934:Polybius, The Histories, 2.19.7-13
370:have also been found in Sardinia.
14:
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2129:Buildings and structures in Lazio
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686:) and a room for hot water bath (
674:Roman Villa of the Cryptoporticus
591:Archaeological Museum of Florence
522:starting from the 18th century -
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1833:English words of Etruscan origin
1707:Battle of Alalia (540 BCâ535 BC)
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1328:Etruscan necropolis of Tarquinia
1323:Etruscan necropolis of Cerveteri
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498:Later Vulci became an episcopal
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1587:Etruscan names for Greek heroes
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1747:Battle of Lake Vadimo (310 BC)
1722:Battle of the Cremera (477 BC)
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356:Tomb of the Sardinian Bronzes
258:city in what is now northern
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1752:Battle of Populonia (282 BC)
1577:Corpus Speculorum Etruscorum
1188:Resources in other libraries
7:
1737:Capture of Fidenae (435 BC)
1363:Palazzo dei Papi di Viterbo
1318:Civita Castellana Cathedral
995:www.mysteriousetruscans.com
635:Villa of the Cryptoporticus
630:Cryptoporticus of the Villa
10:
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1742:Battle of Veii (c. 396 BC)
1732:Battle of Fidenae (437 BC)
1658:Sarcophagus of the Spouses
1501:Lucius Tarquinius Superbus
1083:de Puma, Richard D. 1986.
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991:"The Francois Tomb, Vulci"
918:"I porti antichi di Vulci"
899:"I porti antichi di Vulci"
557:Gold earrings from a tomb.
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308:, possibly made in Vulci.
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1239:"Places: 413393 (Vulci)"
360:National Etruscan Museum
1896:Tumulus of Montefortini
837:Dennis, George (1848).
791:The site also houses a
659:) and living quarters (
16:Etruscan city near Rome
1717:Siege of Rome (508 BC)
1712:Siege of Rome (509 BC)
955:"Vulci,CittĂ di Vulci"
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160:42.41889°N 11.63167°E
99:Alternative name
1959:Civita di Bagnoregio
1632:Mythological figures
1368:Park of the Monsters
1313:Circeo National Park
464:Tiberius Coruncanius
394:), bronze and gold.
383:Orientalising period
1828:Tyrsenian languages
1757:Roman-Etruscan Wars
1669:Terracotta warriors
916:Mazzuoli, Giacomo.
897:Mazzuoli, Giacomo.
741:Late Roman Basilica
682:), a Turkish bath (
608:Etruscan city walls
452:RomanâEtruscan Wars
348:Colline Metallifere
250:, depending on the
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115:Province of Viterbo
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2144:Villanovan culture
1871:Monteleone Chariot
1822:Tabula Cortonensis
1602:Haruspex/Extispicy
1441:Villanovan culture
1298:Landmarks of Lazio
1220:2020-04-04 at the
1125:Riis, P. J. 1998.
1087:Mainz: von Zabern.
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290:Montalto di Castro
205:Public access
165:42.41889; 11.63167
111:Montalto di Castro
102:Volci, Velch, Velx
58:Shown within Italy
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1866:Impasto (pottery)
1617:Liver of Piacenza
1567:Chimera of Arezzo
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1164:Library resources
1108:16, no. 1: 39â74.
1068:Viaggiando Italia
734:opus caementicium
621:Decumanus Maximus
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254:used) was a rich
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61:Show map of Italy
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1699:Military history
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1557:Architecture
1511:Lars Porsena
1373:Villa d'Este
1358:Ostia Antica
1243:. Retrieved
1210:(in English)
1206:(in Italian)
1178:Online books
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224:(in English)
220:(in Italian)
1886:Portonaccio
1861:Etruscology
1461:Tyrrhenians
1136:11: 151â64.
680:apodyterium
506:Main sights
485:Via Aurelia
460:Lake Vadimo
333:dodecapolis
286:Fiora River
163: /
139:Coordinates
2103:Categories
1919:Acquarossa
1843:Archeology
1241:. Pleiades
1153:10: 35â46.
1052:Structurae
824:References
722:The Temple
688:calidarium
600:City walls
577:museum in
532:Grand Tour
514:Necropolis
419:Marsiliana
415:Pitigliano
344:Villanovan
313:Grand Tour
288:, between
262:, central
197:Management
184:Site notes
179:Settlement
151:11°37â˛54âłE
148:42°25â˛08âłN
2054:Vetulonia
2039:Tarquinia
2014:Populonia
1984:Fescennia
1954:Cerveteri
1911:Key sites
1622:Mezentius
1456:Tyrrhenus
841:. London.
793:mithraeum
684:laconicum
661:triclinia
650:Hadrianic
644:) of the
583:Isis Tomb
565:from the
520:necropoli
399:Orbetello
189:Ownership
2069:Volterra
2064:Volsinii
2059:Vie Cave
2044:Tuscania
2024:Rusellae
1856:Cuniculi
1851:Bucchero
1775:Alphabet
1767:Language
1652:Religion
1642:Poppilia
1491:Tanaquil
1255:cite web
1245:March 8,
1218:Archived
1142:. 2005.
1094:57: 3â9.
783:aqueduct
747:basilica
665:nympheum
657:cubicula
563:frescoes
432:and the
403:Saturnia
392:bucchero
352:Sardinia
304:and the
256:Etruscan
240:Etruscan
107:Location
2004:Perusia
1999:Orvieto
1994:Norchia
1989:Fidenae
1979:Falerii
1974:Etruria
1964:Clusium
1939:Bologna
1934:Baratti
1637:Persius
1607:Jewelry
1544:society
1540:Culture
1466:Tarchon
1436:Origins
1428:History
1078:Sources
536:tumulus
468:colonia
456:Etruria
434:Vibenna
368:fibulas
362:in the
342:In the
323:History
213:Website
2090:Portal
1929:Aleria
1684:Vegoia
1612:Lausus
1166:about
816:Museum
493:Trajan
442:Italic
411:Castro
407:Sovana
294:Canino
275:
192:Public
133:Latium
129:Region
2109:Vulci
2074:Vulci
2034:Spina
2019:Pyrgi
1969:Cumae
1944:Caere
1924:Adria
1689:Vulca
1664:Tages
1647:Raeti
1572:Coins
1481:Capys
1378:Volci
1232:Vulci
1227:Velch
1169:Vulci
716:forum
642:Domus
571:myths
524:Greek
264:Italy
260:Lazio
244:Velch
236:Volci
232:Vulci
123:Italy
119:Lazio
20:Vulci
2049:Veii
1949:Ceri
1542:and
1261:link
1247:2012
779:Tufo
755:and
579:Rome
472:Cosa
450:The
417:and
292:and
248:Velx
176:Type
1562:Art
1049:at
795:.
500:see
470:of
269:As
246:or
234:or
208:Yes
2105::
1257:}}
1253:{{
1066:,
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1277:v
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1249:.
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1024:.
997:.
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877:.
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238:(
222:-
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
