464:
62:
318:
40:
1780:
642:â southern Europe, Turkey, Syria, Caucasus; introduced to and established in New Zealand, California, British Isles, central Europe, Ukraine, North Africa, south China, Canary Islands, Madeira, North America, Mexico, Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, Costa Rica, Guatemala
341:, and have slender trailing stems 1â2 m (3.3â6.6 ft) long but not growing more than 20â70 cm (8â27.5 in) above ground; the stems frequently take root where they touch the ground, enabling the plant to spread widely. The
1325:"Total Synthesis of Vinblastine, Related Natural Products, and Key Analogues and Development of Inspired Methodology Suitable for the Systematic Study of Their Structure-Function Properties"
653:â central and southeastern Europe, Ukraine, Caucasus; introduced to and established in British Isles, Scandinavia, Portugal, Turkey, south China, North America, New Zealand
1637:
Ngo, Quoc Anh; Roussi, Fanny; Cormier, Anthony; Thoret, Sylviane; Knossow, Marcel; Guénard, Daniel; Guéritte, Françoise (2009). "Synthesis and biological evaluation of
910:
van Der
Heijden, Robert; Jacobs, Denise I.; Snoeijer, Wim; Hallard, Didier; Verpoorte, Robert (2004). "The Catharanthus alkaloids: Pharmacognosy and biotechnology".
741:
726:
372:), simple, 2.5â7 cm (0.98â2.76 in) broad, with five usually violet (occasionally white) petals joined together at the base to form a tube. The
2024:
657:
2253:
2063:
1597:
Hardouin, Christophe; Doris, Eric; Rousseau, Bernard; Mioskowski, Charles (2002). "Concise synthesis of anhydrovinblastine from leurosine".
563:
345:
are opposite, simple broad lanceolate to ovate, 1â9 cm (0.5â3.5 in) long and 0.5â6 cm (0.20â2.36 in) broad; they are
2099:
1727:
1972:
2037:
1985:
1886:
1287:
889:
1550:
Morcillo, Sara P.; Miguel, Delia; Campaña, Araceli G.; Cienfuegos, Luis Ălvarez de; Justicia, JosĂ©; Cuerva, Juan M. (2014).
2309:
2042:
1505:
996:
1881:
1374:
1123:
1483:
1107:
1012:
964:
714:
2258:
1148:
2163:
749:
2068:
525:. Dimeric alkaloids such as vincristine and vinblastine are produced by the coupling the smaller indole alkaloids
2240:
2011:
1230:
1173:
2158:
1643:
2319:
2050:
1424:
1329:
420:. They are also traditionally used in older cemeteries as an evergreen maintenance-free ground cover. Many
2117:
1399:
1205:
456:. Areas affected include parts of Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and the United States, especially coastal
2314:
2299:
1855:
1262:
912:
1964:
1938:
769:
2112:
1678:
783:
556:
1990:
993:
Metal
Catalyzed Reductive C—C Bond Formation: A Departure from Preformed Organometallic Reagents
513:, and childhood cancers, as well as several other types of cancer and some non-cancerous conditions.
2078:
61:
2104:
1959:
1434:
1409:
1384:
1297:
1272:
1240:
1215:
1183:
1158:
1133:
1933:
1798:
1784:
1475:
1465:
20:
2029:
1091:
2304:
2271:
2140:
1457:
984:
983:
GansÀuer, Andreas; Justicia, José; Fan, Chun-An; Worgull, Dennis; Piestert, Frederik (2007).
948:
831:
2091:
1894:
1099:
8:
1043:
501:
1925:
2324:
2218:
2171:
1946:
1527:
1500:
1351:
1324:
1067:
1038:
988:
575:
445:
205:
56:
1462:
L. (Periwinkle): Production of
Vindoline and Catharanthine in Multiple Shoot Cultures"
685:
2266:
2086:
1951:
1868:
1660:
1616:
1532:
1479:
1356:
1103:
1072:
1008:
960:
929:
885:
710:
624:
305:
1751:
2176:
1873:
1703:
1652:
1608:
1577:
1567:
1522:
1514:
1501:"Safety and efficacy of vinorelbine in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer"
1346:
1338:
1062:
1052:
1000:
921:
441:
417:
405:
377:
235:
1847:
2203:
1860:
1836:
1599:
1471:
591:
560:
480:
463:
424:
are available, with different plant, leaf, and flower colors, sizes, and habits.
322:
270:
99:
2150:
2055:
985:"Reductive C—C bond formation after epoxide opening via electron transfer"
2294:
865:
851:
613:
355:
155:
86:
1057:
2288:
1821:
1320:
925:
567:
552:
530:
366:, produced through most of the growing season, are salverform (like those of
317:
196:
2130:
1664:
1620:
1536:
1360:
1096:
The evolution of drug discovery: From traditional medicines to modern drugs
1076:
933:
602:
492:
449:
295:
2227:
2212:
1998:
1830:
1004:
646:
635:
548:
543:
518:
514:
496:
409:
400:
394:
274:
145:
135:
48:
1037:
Keglevich, Péter; Hazai, Laszlo; Kalaus, György; Szåntay, Csaba (2012).
408:. Because the plants are low and spread quickly, they are often used as
1977:
1582:
1572:
1551:
1429:
1404:
1379:
1292:
1267:
1235:
1210:
1178:
1153:
1128:
457:
338:
2232:
1656:
1612:
1518:
1342:
39:
2003:
1920:
1907:
1039:"Modifications on the basic skeletons of vinblastine and vincristine"
956:
571:
538:
534:
526:
510:
506:
484:
381:
350:
346:
2245:
1792:
909:
2197:
2125:
1815:
421:
334:
125:
112:
1912:
453:
300:
165:
2016:
1779:
1596:
1549:
522:
413:
363:
282:
278:
1899:
953:
Botanical
Miracles: Chemistry of Plants That Changed the World
373:
368:
262:
73:
1288:"Chemotherapy for Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors in Children"
1036:
342:
286:
253:
247:
982:
244:
620:â central, eastern and southeastern Europe; Middle East
1636:
1632:
1630:
404:, are extensively cultivated as a flowering evergreen
1704:"Plants Profile for Vinca major (bigleaf periwinkle)"
250:
1752:"Plants Profile for Vinca minor (common periwinkle)"
978:
976:
555:
chemotherapeutic agent, is used in the treatment of
241:
1728:"Neotropical Plant Portal Research Checklist: Peru"
1627:
1455:
238:
1032:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1024:
973:
609:â Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan
2286:
905:
903:
901:
359:, which dies back to the root system in winter.
1470:. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Vol. VI.
1021:
789:included photos plus European distribution maps
1499:Faller, Bryan A.; Pandi, Trailokya N. (2011).
995:. Topics in Current Chemistry. Vol. 279.
947:Cooper, Raymond; Deakin, Jeffrey John (2016).
1375:"Chemotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer"
1124:"Chemotherapy for Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia"
898:
499:is extracted from a closely related species,
1467:Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry 26
1456:Hirata, K.; Miyamoto, K.; Miura, Y. (1994).
946:
686:"World Checklist of Selected Plant Families"
1498:
1149:"Chemotherapy for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia"
598:â Azores, western and central Mediterranean
521:and is also used to treat various forms of
1318:
801:Blamey, M., & Grey-Wilson, C. (1989).
38:
1581:
1571:
1526:
1350:
1066:
1056:
427:
384:along one rupture site to release seeds.
813:
811:
797:
795:
462:
316:
1231:"Chemotherapy for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma"
448:because the rapid spreading chokes out
2287:
1679:"Vinca ispartensis Koyuncu & Eksi"
1089:
882:Alkaloids: Nature's Curse or Blessing?
1797:
1796:
1174:"Chemotherapy for Childhood Leukemia"
997:Springer Science & Business Media
879:
808:
792:
2164:d2262d55-7800-4d47-a13f-711533198f3b
2079:e0eada14-5398-4815-8488-5d2e61591561
1506:Clinical Medicine Insights: Oncology
1425:"Chemotherapy for Testicular Cancer"
803:Flora of Britain and Northern Europe
1400:"Chemotherapy for Hodgkin Lymphoma"
1206:"Chemotherapy for Hodgkin Lymphoma"
680:
678:
574:, in both cases by first preparing
487:extracted from plants in the genus
299:(and also with the common seashore
13:
1556:TiCl in natural product synthesis"
784:Altervista Flora Italiana, genere
14:
2336:
1772:
293:is shared with the related genus
269:"to bind, fetter") is a genus of
1778:
1263:"Chemotherapy for Neuroblastoma"
675:
559:and is prepared either from the
474:
376:consists of a pair of divergent
234:
60:
1744:
1720:
1696:
1671:
1590:
1543:
1492:
1449:
1367:
1312:
1255:
1198:
1116:
1083:
940:
873:
859:
845:
819:New RHS Dictionary of Gardening
470:plants spreading along a border
444:in some regions where they are
2118:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2619-1
1644:Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
824:
777:
763:
734:
720:
699:
312:
1:
1330:Accounts of Chemical Research
668:
1464:. In Bajaj, Y. P. S. (ed.).
949:"Africa's gift to the world"
866:Global Compendium of Weeds:
852:Global Compendium of Weeds:
742:"EuroMed Plantbase Project:
505:, and is used to treat some
7:
2310:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
1560:Organic Chemistry Frontiers
913:Current Medicinal Chemistry
709:ed. 3. David & Charles
10:
2341:
1683:Plants of the World Online
1552:"Recent applications of Cp
581:
557:non-small-cell lung cancer
517:is a chemical analogue of
432:Although attractive, both
387:
326:in habitat, CĂĄceres, Spain
18:
2187:
1805:
1058:10.3390/molecules17055893
805:. Hodder & Stoughton.
211:
204:
57:Scientific classification
55:
46:
37:
30:
16:Genus of flowering plants
1641:and phomopsin hybrids".
1090:Raviña, Enrique (2011).
926:10.2174/0929867043455846
884:. Wiley-VCH. p. 7.
817:Huxley, A., ed. (1992).
1435:American Cancer Society
1410:American Cancer Society
1385:American Cancer Society
1298:American Cancer Society
1273:American Cancer Society
1241:American Cancer Society
1216:American Cancer Society
1184:American Cancer Society
1159:American Cancer Society
1134:American Cancer Society
880:Hesse, Manfred (2002).
821:4: 664-665. Macmillan.
705:Stearn, W. T. (1983).
471:
428:Invasive plant species
327:
21:Vinca (disambiguation)
1100:John Wiley & Sons
466:
349:in four species, but
320:
2320:Stoloniferous plants
1789:at Wikimedia Commons
1102:. pp. 157â159.
1005:10.1007/128_2007_130
607:Regel & Schmalh.
483:include at least 86
392:Two of the species,
19:For other uses, see
1460:Catharanthus roseus
1437:. February 12, 2016
1161:. February 22, 2016
1136:. February 18, 2016
989:Krische, Michael J.
770:Flora of Pakistan:
533:. In addition, the
502:Catharanthus roseus
452:species and alters
289:. The English name
2315:Rhizomatous plants
2300:Apocynaceae genera
1573:10.1039/c3qo00024a
1319:Sears, Justin E.;
1300:. January 21, 2016
1275:. January 22, 2016
1186:. February 3, 2016
999:. pp. 25â52.
959:. pp. 46â51.
629:Koyuncu & EkĆi
618:Waldst. & Kit.
586:Accepted species:
576:anhydrovinblastine
472:
446:introduced species
353:in the herbaceous
328:
306:Littorina littorea
2282:
2281:
2267:Open Tree of Life
2087:Open Tree of Life
1799:Taxon identifiers
1783:Media related to
1732:hasbrouck.asu.edu
1657:10.1021/jm801064y
1613:10.1021/ol025560c
1519:10.4137/CMO.S5074
1343:10.1021/ar500400w
1092:"Vinca alkaloids"
891:978-3-906390-24-6
663:
652:
641:
630:
625:Vinca ispartensis
619:
608:
597:
418:container gardens
225:
224:
219:
200:
181:
2332:
2275:
2274:
2262:
2261:
2249:
2248:
2236:
2235:
2223:
2222:
2221:
2208:
2207:
2206:
2180:
2179:
2167:
2166:
2154:
2153:
2144:
2143:
2134:
2133:
2121:
2120:
2108:
2107:
2095:
2094:
2082:
2081:
2072:
2071:
2059:
2058:
2056:NHMSYS0000464870
2046:
2045:
2033:
2032:
2020:
2019:
2007:
2006:
1994:
1993:
1981:
1980:
1968:
1967:
1955:
1954:
1942:
1941:
1929:
1928:
1916:
1915:
1903:
1902:
1890:
1889:
1877:
1876:
1864:
1863:
1851:
1850:
1841:
1840:
1839:
1826:
1825:
1824:
1794:
1793:
1782:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1762:
1748:
1742:
1741:
1739:
1738:
1724:
1718:
1717:
1715:
1714:
1700:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1690:
1675:
1669:
1668:
1634:
1625:
1624:
1607:(7): 1151â1153.
1594:
1588:
1587:
1585:
1575:
1547:
1541:
1540:
1530:
1496:
1490:
1489:
1453:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1412:. March 29, 2017
1396:
1394:
1392:
1371:
1365:
1364:
1354:
1316:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1305:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1259:
1253:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1218:. March 29, 2017
1202:
1196:
1195:
1193:
1191:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1120:
1114:
1113:
1087:
1081:
1080:
1070:
1060:
1051:(5): 5893â5914.
1034:
1019:
1018:
980:
971:
970:
944:
938:
937:
907:
896:
895:
877:
871:
863:
857:
849:
843:
842:
840:
838:
828:
822:
815:
806:
799:
790:
781:
775:
767:
761:
760:
758:
757:
748:. Archived from
738:
732:
727:Flora Europaea:
724:
718:
703:
697:
696:
694:
692:
682:
661:
650:
639:
628:
617:
606:
595:
561:natural products
541:is derived from
406:ornamental plant
380:; the dry fruit
271:flowering plants
260:
259:
256:
255:
252:
249:
246:
243:
240:
217:
195:
179:
65:
64:
42:
28:
27:
2340:
2339:
2335:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2330:
2329:
2285:
2284:
2283:
2278:
2270:
2265:
2257:
2252:
2244:
2239:
2231:
2226:
2217:
2216:
2211:
2202:
2201:
2196:
2183:
2175:
2170:
2162:
2157:
2149:
2147:
2139:
2137:
2129:
2124:
2116:
2111:
2103:
2098:
2090:
2085:
2077:
2075:
2067:
2062:
2054:
2049:
2041:
2036:
2028:
2023:
2015:
2010:
2002:
1997:
1989:
1984:
1976:
1971:
1963:
1958:
1950:
1945:
1937:
1932:
1924:
1919:
1911:
1906:
1898:
1893:
1885:
1880:
1872:
1867:
1859:
1854:
1846:
1844:
1835:
1834:
1829:
1820:
1819:
1814:
1801:
1775:
1770:
1769:
1760:
1758:
1756:plants.usda.gov
1750:
1749:
1745:
1736:
1734:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1712:
1710:
1708:plants.usda.gov
1702:
1701:
1697:
1688:
1686:
1677:
1676:
1672:
1639:Vinca alkaloids
1635:
1628:
1600:Organic Letters
1595:
1591:
1555:
1548:
1544:
1497:
1493:
1486:
1472:Springer-Verlag
1454:
1450:
1440:
1438:
1423:
1422:
1415:
1413:
1398:
1397:
1390:
1388:
1373:
1372:
1368:
1317:
1313:
1303:
1301:
1286:
1285:
1278:
1276:
1261:
1260:
1256:
1246:
1244:
1229:
1228:
1221:
1219:
1204:
1203:
1199:
1189:
1187:
1172:
1171:
1164:
1162:
1147:
1146:
1139:
1137:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1110:
1088:
1084:
1035:
1022:
1015:
981:
974:
967:
945:
941:
908:
899:
892:
878:
874:
864:
860:
850:
846:
836:
834:
830:
829:
825:
816:
809:
800:
793:
782:
778:
768:
764:
755:
753:
740:
739:
735:
725:
721:
707:Botanical Latin
704:
700:
690:
688:
684:
683:
676:
671:
592:Vinca difformis
584:
481:vinca alkaloids
477:
430:
416:landscapes and
390:
323:Vinca difformis
315:
237:
233:
194:
178:
59:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2338:
2328:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2276:
2263:
2250:
2237:
2224:
2209:
2193:
2191:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2181:
2177:wfo-4000040296
2168:
2155:
2145:
2135:
2122:
2109:
2096:
2083:
2073:
2060:
2047:
2034:
2021:
2008:
1995:
1982:
1969:
1956:
1943:
1930:
1917:
1904:
1891:
1878:
1865:
1852:
1842:
1827:
1811:
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1802:
1791:
1790:
1774:
1773:External links
1771:
1768:
1767:
1743:
1719:
1695:
1670:
1651:(1): 134â142.
1626:
1589:
1553:
1542:
1491:
1484:
1448:
1387:. May 16, 2016
1366:
1337:(3): 653â662.
1321:Boger, Dale L.
1311:
1254:
1243:. May 31, 2016
1197:
1115:
1108:
1082:
1020:
1013:
972:
965:
939:
920:(5): 607â628.
897:
890:
872:
858:
844:
823:
807:
791:
776:
762:
733:
719:
698:
673:
672:
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667:
666:
665:
654:
643:
632:
621:
614:Vinca herbacea
610:
599:
583:
580:
553:semi-synthetic
476:
473:
429:
426:
389:
386:
314:
311:
285:and southwest
273:in the family
223:
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221:
220:
209:
208:
202:
201:
187:
183:
182:
173:
169:
168:
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156:Rauvolfioideae
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2305:Groundcovers
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832:"Periwinkle"
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765:
754:. Retrieved
750:the original
743:
736:
728:
722:
706:
701:
689:. Retrieved
658:Vinca soneri
656:
645:
634:
623:
612:
603:Vinca erecta
601:
590:
585:
542:
500:
493:chemotherapy
488:
478:
467:
450:native plant
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433:
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393:
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367:
361:
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330:
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296:Catharanthus
294:
290:
281:, northwest
277:, native to
266:
228:
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190:
189:
175:
119:
106:
93:
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2228:iNaturalist
2213:Wikispecies
1999:iNaturalist
1831:Wikispecies
1583:10481/47295
1513:: 131â144.
1474:. pp.
868:Vinca minor
854:Vinca major
837:16 November
647:Vinca minor
636:Vinca major
549:Vinorelbine
544:Vinca minor
519:vincristine
515:Vinblastine
497:vincristine
438:Vinca minor
434:Vinca major
410:groundcover
401:Vinca minor
395:Vinca major
356:V. herbacea
333:plants are
313:Description
275:Apocynaceae
180:M.E.Endress
152:Subfamily:
146:Apocynaceae
136:Gentianales
100:Angiosperms
49:Vinca minor
2289:Categories
2246:77138107-1
1761:2018-11-12
1737:2018-11-12
1713:2018-11-12
1689:2021-01-15
1430:cancer.org
1405:cancer.org
1380:cancer.org
1293:cancer.org
1268:cancer.org
1236:cancer.org
1211:cancer.org
1179:cancer.org
1154:cancer.org
1129:cancer.org
756:2010-05-05
669:References
551:, a newer
458:California
339:herbaceous
291:periwinkle
172:Subtribe:
2325:Subshrubs
2204:Q18983665
1921:FloraBase
1044:Molecules
957:CRC Press
572:vindoline
564:leurosine
539:vincamine
535:nootropic
527:vindoline
511:lymphomas
507:leukemias
485:alkaloids
422:cultivars
378:follicles
351:deciduous
347:evergreen
335:subshrubs
70:Kingdom:
2219:Vincinae
2198:Wikidata
2189:Vincinae
2159:VicFlora
2148:VASCAN:
2131:40024390
2126:Tropicos
1882:eFloraSA
1816:Wikidata
1665:19072542
1621:11922805
1537:21695100
1441:June 22,
1416:June 22,
1391:June 22,
1361:25586069
1323:(2015).
1304:June 22,
1279:June 22,
1247:June 22,
1222:June 22,
1190:June 22,
1165:June 22,
1140:June 22,
1077:22609781
934:15032608
664:â Turkey
631:â Turkey
454:habitats
442:invasive
382:dehisces
215:Pervinca
206:Synonyms
176:Vincinae
142:Family:
126:Asterids
113:Eudicots
2272:5518236
2259:1498434
2141:5866345
2030:1289462
1978:3169706
1822:Q220925
1528:3117629
1352:4363169
1068:6268133
991:(ed.).
691:May 17,
662:Koyuncu
582:Species
491:. The
440:may be
388:Gardens
364:flowers
301:mollusc
267:vincire
186:Genus:
166:Vinceae
162:Tribe:
132:Order:
74:Plantae
2233:632394
2138:uBio:
2100:PLANTS
2092:142099
2076:NZOR:
2017:2619-1
1965:134598
1939:134598
1848:195847
1845:APDB:
1663:
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1535:
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1106:
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1065:
1011:
963:
932:
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713:
596:Pourr.
537:agent
523:cancer
495:agent
414:garden
343:leaves
283:Africa
279:Europe
2295:Vinca
2105:VINCA
2069:60092
2043:30235
2025:IRMNG
2004:53327
1991:12716
1952:Vinca
1947:FoAO2
1926:21937
1913:1VING
1900:71433
1887:Vinca
1874:647MT
1861:83261
1837:Vinca
1807:Vinca
1786:Vinca
1476:46â55
987:. In
786:Vinca
772:Vinca
744:Vinca
729:Vinca
489:Vinca
468:Vinca
374:fruit
369:Phlox
331:Vinca
263:Latin
229:Vinca
218:Mill.
191:Vinca
120:Clade
107:Clade
94:Clade
81:Clade
32:Vinca
2254:NCBI
2241:IPNI
2151:1821
2113:POWO
2064:NCBI
2038:ITIS
2012:IPNI
1986:GRIN
1973:GBIF
1908:EPPO
1856:APNI
1661:PMID
1617:PMID
1533:PMID
1480:ISBN
1443:2017
1418:2017
1393:2017
1357:PMID
1306:2017
1281:2017
1249:2017
1224:2017
1192:2017
1167:2017
1142:2017
1104:ISBN
1073:PMID
1009:ISBN
961:ISBN
930:PMID
886:ISBN
839:2012
711:ISBN
693:2014
570:and
529:and
479:The
436:and
398:and
362:The
287:Asia
199:1753
2172:WFO
2051:NBN
1960:FoC
1934:FNA
1895:EoL
1869:CoL
1653:doi
1609:doi
1578:hdl
1568:doi
1523:PMC
1515:doi
1347:PMC
1339:doi
1063:PMC
1053:doi
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