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contacts to supply power to the relay coil, thus immediately breaking the connection, only to be reconnected very quickly through the normally closed contacts. It happens so rapidly it vibrates, and sounds like a buzzer. This same rapidly pulsing contact applies the rising and falling DC voltage to
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The vibrator's primary contacts alternately make and break current supply to the transformer primary. As it is impossible for the vibrator's contacts to change over instantaneously, the collapsing magnetic field in the core will induce a high voltage in the windings, and will cause sparking at the
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for the noise. To prevent this, the sound-deadening lining inside the can was sometimes made thick enough to support the vibrator's components by friction alone. The components were then connected to the plug pins by flexible wires, to further isolate the vibration from the plug.
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Since vibrators wore out over time, they were usually encased in a steel or aluminum "tin can" enclosure with a multi-pin plug at the bottom (similar to the contact pins on vacuum tubes), so they could be quickly unplugged and replaced without using tools.
226:(a constant buzzing sound) while in operation, which could potentially be heard by passengers in the car while the radio was on. To help contain this sound within the vibrator's enclosure, the inside surface of the can was often lined with a thick
187:, causing the contacts to open and close rapidly. The contacts interrupt the 6 or 12V direct current from the battery to form a stream of pulses which change back and forth from 0 volts to the battery voltage, effectively generating a
211:). The rectified output is then filtered, ultimately producing a DC voltage typically much higher than the battery voltage, with some losses dissipated as heat. This arrangement is essentially an electromechanical inverter circuit.
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vibrator's contacts. This would erode the contacts very quickly, so a snubber capacitor with a high voltage rating (C8 in the diagram) is added across the transformer secondary to damp out the unwanted high-voltage "spikes".
234:. Since vibrators were typically plugged into sockets mounted directly on the radio chassis, the vibration could potentially be mechanically coupled to the chassis, causing it to act as a
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Vibrators often experienced mechanical malfunctions, being constantly in motion, such as the springs losing tension, and the contact points wearing down. As tubes began to be replaced by
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DC supply available in a car or from a farm lighting battery, it was necessary to convert the steady DC supply to a pulsating DC and use a transformer to increase the voltage.
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it will induce an alternating current in the secondary winding, at a pre-determined voltage based on the turn ratio of the windings. This current can then be rectified by a
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based electrical systems, the need to generate such high voltages began to diminish. Mechanical vibrators fell out of production near the end of the 20th century, but
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were manufactured with various voltage ratings. In order to provide the necessary voltage for a radio from the typical 6 or 12
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systems for the generation of AC voltages for such applications. Vacuum tubes require plate voltages ranging from about 45
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operating off low voltage, there was a requirement to generate voltages of about 50 to 250 V DC from a vehicle's
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99:. A vibrator was used to provide pulsating DC which could be converted to a higher voltage with a transformer,
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191:. Unlike a steady direct current, when such a pulsating current is applied to the primary winding of a
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supply such as farms. These vibrator power supplies became popular in the 1940s, replacing more bulky
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contacts mounted at the ends of flexible metal strips. In operation, these strips are vibrated by an
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49:. The one on the right has been stripped of the aluminum cap so the inner components can be seen.
207:, or by an additional set of mechanical contacts (in which case the vibrator acts as a type of
329:(First ed.). Indianapolis, Indiana: P. R. Mallory & Co., Inc. March 1947. p. 9.
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device that takes a DC electrical supply and converts it into pulses that can be fed into a
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electronic vibrators are still manufactured to be backwards compatible with older units.
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Schematic diagram of a typical circuit to convert low voltage DC to high voltage DC
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An electro-mechanical vibrator from the Grass
Instrument Co. Used as part of a
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to 250 volts in electronic devices such as radios. For portable radios,
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the transformer which can step it up to a higher voltage.
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45:-brand vibrators manufactured by James Electronics, with
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The primary use for this type of circuit was to operate
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Fundamental
Principals of Vibrator Power Supply Design
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368:"Radio Vibrators MikeHaganAntiqueAutoRadio.com"
222:Vibrators generate a certain amount of audible
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61:amplifier in polygraph input amplifier.
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293:Bedford, B. D.; Hoft, R. G. (1964).
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372:www.mikehaganantiqueautoradio.com
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295:Principles of Inverter Circuits
179:The vibrator was a device with
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299:John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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274:Switched-mode power supply
89:switch-mode power supplies
87:Before the development of
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398:Electric power conversion
344:"Vibrator Power Supplies"
32:Vibrator (disambiguation)
91:and the introduction of
27:Electromechanical device
348:www.radioremembered.org
142:and similar equipment,
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403:Electrical components
209:synchronous rectifier
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93:semiconductor devices
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18:Vibrator power supply
259:Mechanical rectifier
30:For other uses, see
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128:mains electricity
71:electromechanical
16:(Redirected from
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193:transformer
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161:solid-state
145:B batteries
124:accumulator
117:vacuum tube
79:solid-state
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47:octal bases
392:Categories
377:2016-01-24
353:2016-01-24
280:References
269:Reed relay
157:transistor
41:A pair of
101:rectified
243:See also
67:vibrator
43:Heathkit
254:Chopper
97:battery
59:chopper
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181:switch
107:using
69:is an
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224:noise
136:volts
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302:ISBN
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167:Use
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