44:
699:
684:
660:
672:
637:
73:
1106:
698:
206:
458:
Because the inferior vena cava is located to the right of the midline, drainage of the tributaries is not always symmetrical. On the right, the
1099:
590:. Since the inferior vena cava is primarily a right-sided structure, unconscious pregnant women should be turned on to their left side (the
182:
806:
Dardis, Ronan M.; Saxena, Amar; Shad, Amjad; Chitnavis, Bhupal; Gullan, Richard (January 1, 2012), Quiñones-Hinojosa, Alfredo (ed.),
56:
1092:
57:
552:
Health problems attributed to the IVC are most often associated with it being compressed (ruptures are rare because it has a low
258:
273:
from the body to the right atrium of the heart: the inferior vena cava carries blood from the lower half of the body whilst the
58:
991:
957:
873:
827:
781:
683:
605:
Blockage of the inferior vena cava is rare and is treated urgently as a life-threatening condition. It is associated with
59:
55:
54:
47:
511:
48:
17:
936:
Stavropoulos, S. William; Solomon, Jeffrey A. (January 1, 2011), Pretorius, E. Scott; Solomon, Jeffrey A. (eds.),
517:
In between 0.2% to 0.3% of people, the inferior vena cava may be duplicated beneath the level of the renal veins.
575:
491:
52:
50:
49:
852:
Blumgart, Leslie H.; Schwartz, Lawrence H.; DeMatteo, Ronald P. (January 1, 2017), Jarnagin, William R. (ed.),
51:
201:
1362:
1619:
720:
1075:
at the SUNY Downstate
Medical Center - "Posterior Abdominal Wall: Tributaries to the Inferior Vena Cava"
937:
853:
807:
761:
1436:
1009:"Defecation syncope secondary to functional inferior vena caval obstruction during a Valsalva maneuver"
1078:
1527:
1522:
1358:
690:
594:), to relieve pressure on it and facilitate venous return. In rare cases, straining associated with
564:
1514:
1492:
1482:
1431:
1072:
671:
165:
1402:
1388:
1367:
1353:
304:. It enters the right auricle at the lower right, back side of the heart. The name derives from
1371:
1321:
1296:
1189:
1163:
281:, which carries blood from the muscle of the heart itself) form the venous counterparts of the
213:
189:
177:
659:
540:
The corresponding vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the upper half of the body is the
1459:
1398:
1393:
1378:
1348:
1336:
1179:
1141:
614:
404:
277:
carries blood from the upper half of the body. Together, the venae cavae (in addition to the
1497:
1409:
1301:
606:
583:
53:
8:
1594:
1477:
1423:
1383:
1272:
858:
Blumgart's
Surgery of the Liver, Biliary Tract and Pancreas, 2-Volume Set (Sixth Edition)
618:
498:. In the adult, this valve typically has totally regressed or remains as a small fold of
293:
1589:
1262:
1225:
1038:
949:
865:
854:"Chapter 2 - Surgical and radiologic anatomy of the liver, biliary tract, and pancreas"
819:
773:
541:
450:
368:
356:
274:
913:
896:
1580:
1557:
1542:
1247:
1237:
1030:
987:
953:
918:
869:
823:
777:
725:
591:
579:
364:
321:
247:
91:
65:
Anterior (frontal) view of the opened heart. White arrows indicate valid blood flow.
1042:
1584:
1547:
1487:
1201:
1020:
945:
908:
897:"Giant Eustachian Valve: with Echocardiographic Appearance of Divided Right Atrium"
861:
815:
769:
715:
372:
301:
297:
251:
1084:
347:
The inferior vena cava begins as the left and right common iliac veins behind the
1502:
1326:
1291:
1220:
553:
463:
415:
352:
289:
170:
133:
107:
99:
1552:
1194:
1146:
645:
587:
305:
278:
808:"Chapter 154 - Disc Replacement Technologies in the Cervical and Lumbar Spine"
1613:
1532:
1343:
1184:
1056:
475:
466:
drain into the inferior vena cava directly. On the left, they drain into the
400:
360:
194:
1469:
1331:
1232:
1216:
1211:
922:
626:
530:
471:
459:
440:
430:
325:
239:
121:
111:
95:
1034:
1575:
1537:
1454:
1132:
499:
419:
341:
333:
329:
262:
77:
Superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, azygos vein and their tributaries
760:
Mozes, GEZA; Gloviczki, PETER (January 1, 2007), Bergan, John J. (ed.),
1206:
1025:
1008:
610:
595:
529:. It carries deoxygenated blood from the lower half of the body to the
470:
which in turn drains into the inferior vena cava. By contrast, all the
467:
103:
29:
One of two veinous trunks bringing deoxygenated blood back to the heart
219:
812:
Schmidek and Sweet
Operative Neurosurgical Techniques (Sixth Edition)
510:
Rarely, the inferior vena cava may vary in its size and position. In
622:
599:
568:
556:
336:(which runs on the right side of the vertebral column) and venous
1119:
348:
598:
can lead to restricted blood flow through the IVC and result in
490:, the inferior vena cava and right auricle are separated by the
1123:
1055:
Geehan DM, Inferior Vena Caval
Thrombosis, emedicine.com, URL:
984:
Gray's anatomy : the anatomical basis of clinical practice
571:
487:
337:
128:
636:
630:
560:
534:
282:
270:
243:
235:
145:
1081:—Plastination Laboratory at the Medical University of Vienna
894:
1115:
982:
Susan
Standring; Neil R. Borley; et al., eds. (2008).
526:
266:
704:
Image showing an inferior vena cava filter in its position
72:
805:
1172:
851:
644:
Trauma to the vena cava is usually fatal as unstoppable
559:). Typical sources of external pressure are an enlarged
246:. It is formed by the joining of the right and the left
383:
The specific levels of the tributaries are as follows:
320:
The IVC is formed by the joining of the left and right
895:
Turhan Yavuz; Nazli, C; Kinay, O; Kutsal, A (2002).
478:
usually drain directly into the inferior vena cava.
1114:
935:
814:, Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, pp. 1777–1788,
981:
1006:
1611:
986:(40th ed.). London: Churchill Livingstone.
46:
768:, Burlington: Academic Press, pp. 15–25,
759:
234:is a large vein that carries the deoxygenated
1100:
860:, Philadelphia: Elsevier, pp. 32–59.e1,
514:the inferior vena cava may lie on the left.
977:
975:
762:"CHAPTER 2 - Venous Embryology and Anatomy"
1107:
1093:
1057:http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic2718.htm
71:
1024:
1007:Brophy, CM; Evans, L; Sumpio, BE (1993).
944:, Philadelphia: Mosby, pp. 223–227,
938:"Chapter 30 - Inferior Vena Cava Filters"
912:
972:
635:
547:
238:from the lower and middle body into the
14:
1612:
942:Radiology Secrets Plus (Third Edition)
578:) and abdominal malignancies, such as
257:The inferior vena cava is the lower ("
1088:
300:and runs along the right side of the
1079:Cross section image: pembody/body12a
847:
845:
801:
799:
755:
753:
751:
749:
747:
745:
743:
741:
651:
324:and brings collected blood into the
250:, usually at the level of the fifth
512:transposition of the great arteries
24:
950:10.1016/b978-0-323-06794-2.00030-4
866:10.1016/b978-0-323-34062-5.00002-9
820:10.1016/b978-1-4160-6839-6.10154-6
42:
25:
1631:
1066:
842:
796:
738:
774:10.1016/b978-012369515-4/50005-3
697:
682:
670:
658:
371:. It passes to the right of the
576:aortocaval compression syndrome
492:valve of the inferior vena cava
1049:
1000:
929:
888:
640:Branches of Inferior Vena Cava
481:
378:
13:
1:
901:Texas Heart Institute Journal
731:
677:Inferior vena cava front view
351:unite, at about the level of
310:vena, "vein", cavus, "hollow"
525:The inferior vena cava is a
505:
315:
7:
1059:, Accessed: August 3, 2005.
721:Inferior vena cava syndrome
709:
621:such as the insertion of a
520:
10:
1636:
1437:deep circumflex iliac vein
1013:Annals of Vascular Surgery
1568:
1513:
1468:
1453:
1422:
1310:
1280:
1271:
1255:
1246:
1173:To IVC or left renal vein
1157:
1130:
691:inferior vena cava filter
565:abdominal aortic aneurysm
212:
200:
188:
176:
164:
156:
144:
139:
127:
117:
87:
82:
70:
41:
36:
1073:Anatomy photo:40:13-0101
355:. It passes through the
269:that carry deoxygenated
1190:central veins of liver
641:
328:of the heart. It also
309:
214:Anatomical terminology
62:
1379:vaginal plexus/vein ♀
639:
615:liver transplantation
548:Clinical significance
405:inferior phrenic vein
61:
1523:right gastroepiploic
1226:pampiniform plexus ♂
646:excessive blood loss
607:deep vein thrombosis
584:renal cell carcinoma
494:, also known as the
1528:pancreaticoduodenal
1515:Superior mesenteric
1493:inferior mesenteric
1483:left gastroepiploic
1432:inferior epigastric
1368:posterior scrotal ♂
1354:prostatic plexus ♂
619:surgical procedures
1620:Veins of the torso
1263:median sacral vein
1026:10.1007/BF02002893
665:Inferior vena cava
642:
542:superior vena cava
451:common iliac veins
357:thoracic diaphragm
322:common iliac veins
275:superior vena cava
248:common iliac veins
232:inferior vena cava
151:vena cava inferior
63:
37:Inferior vena cava
18:Vena cava inferior
1607:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1449:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1418:
1417:
1389:internal pudendal
993:978-0-8089-2371-8
959:978-0-323-06794-2
875:978-0-323-34062-5
829:978-1-4160-6839-6
783:978-0-12-369515-4
726:Recovery position
652:Additional images
592:recovery position
580:colorectal cancer
456:
455:
228:
227:
223:
92:Common iliac vein
16:(Redirected from
1627:
1466:
1465:
1399:bulb of penis ♂
1359:deep of penis ♂
1337:uterine plexus ♀
1322:inferior gluteal
1315:
1297:superior gluteal
1285:
1278:
1277:
1253:
1252:
1180:inferior phrenic
1170:
1169:
1142:ascending lumbar
1109:
1102:
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1085:
1060:
1053:
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792:
790:
757:
716:Atriocaval shunt
701:
686:
674:
662:
496:Eustachian valve
464:suprarenal veins
386:
385:
373:descending aorta
363:at the level of
302:vertebral column
298:abdominal cavity
265:, the two large
220:edit on Wikidata
217:
75:
45:
34:
33:
21:
1635:
1634:
1630:
1629:
1628:
1626:
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1610:
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1498:superior rectal
1457:
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1394:inferior rectal
1311:
1306:
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666:
663:
654:
550:
523:
508:
484:
416:suprarenal vein
381:
318:
292:vein that lies
290:retroperitoneal
252:lumbar vertebra
224:
134:Abdominal aorta
110:
108:suprarenal vein
106:
102:
100:testicular vein
98:
94:
78:
66:
60:
43:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1633:
1623:
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1424:External iliac
1420:
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1413:
1412:
1407:
1406:
1405:
1396:
1386:
1381:
1376:
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1356:
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1349:vesical plexus
1341:
1340:
1339:
1329:
1324:
1318:
1316:
1308:
1307:
1305:
1304:
1302:lateral sacral
1299:
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1288:
1286:
1275:
1273:Internal iliac
1269:
1268:
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1223:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1195:liver sinusoid
1192:
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1155:
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1150:
1149:
1138:
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1067:External links
1065:
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588:ovarian cancer
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288:It is a large
279:coronary sinus
261:") of the two
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1621:
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1595:paraumbilical
1593:
1591:
1590:right gastric
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1479:
1478:short gastric
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1471:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1456:
1452:
1438:
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1433:
1430:
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1421:
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1410:rectal plexus
1408:
1404:
1400:
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1395:
1392:
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1390:
1387:
1385:
1384:middle rectal
1382:
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855:
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831:
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821:
817:
813:
809:
802:
800:
785:
779:
775:
771:
767:
766:The Vein Book
763:
756:
754:
752:
750:
748:
746:
744:
742:
737:
727:
724:
722:
719:
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673:
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661:
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566:
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558:
555:
545:
543:
538:
536:
532:
528:
518:
515:
513:
503:
501:
497:
493:
489:
479:
477:
476:hepatic veins
473:
469:
465:
461:
460:gonadal veins
452:
449:
446:
445:
442:
439:
436:
435:
432:
428:
425:
424:
421:
417:
413:
410:
409:
406:
402:
401:hepatic veins
399:
396:
395:
391:
388:
387:
384:
376:
374:
370:
366:
362:
361:caval opening
358:
354:
350:
345:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
313:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
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280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
255:
253:
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245:
241:
237:
233:
221:
215:
211:
208:
205:
203:
199:
196:
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187:
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181:
179:
175:
172:
169:
167:
163:
159:
155:
152:
149:
147:
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135:
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126:
123:
120:
116:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
90:
86:
81:
74:
69:
40:
35:
32:
27:
19:
1581:left gastric
1558:appendicular
1543:middle colic
1312:
1282:
1248:Common iliac
1238:common iliac
1221:testicular ♂
1158:
1051:
1019:(4): 374–7.
1016:
1012:
1002:
983:
965:November 22,
963:, retrieved
941:
931:
907:(4): 336–8.
904:
900:
890:
881:November 22,
879:, retrieved
857:
835:November 22,
833:, retrieved
811:
789:November 22,
787:, retrieved
765:
689:Image of an
643:
627:femoral vein
604:
602:(fainting).
554:intraluminal
551:
539:
531:right atrium
524:
516:
509:
495:
485:
472:lumbar veins
457:
441:lumbar veins
431:gonadal vein
382:
346:
340:next to the
326:right atrium
319:
287:
256:
240:right atrium
231:
229:
183:A12.3.09.001
150:
122:Right atrium
112:hepatic vein
96:lumbar veins
31:
26:
1548:right colic
1455:Portal vein
1403:vestibule ♀
611:IVC filters
500:endocardium
482:Development
420:renal veins
379:Tributaries
342:spinal cord
334:azygos vein
263:venae cavae
140:Identifiers
1585:esophageal
1503:left colic
1488:pancreatic
1363:clitoris ♀
1292:iliolumbar
1283:posterior:
1202:suprarenal
732:References
596:defecation
468:renal vein
157:Acronym(s)
104:renal vein
1553:ileocolic
1332:uterine ♀
1327:obturator
1313:anterior:
1217:ovarian ♀
1147:subcostal
506:Variation
332:with the
316:Structure
294:posterior
118:Drains to
1614:Category
1372:labial ♀
1256:Unpaired
1164:Systemic
1043:42135883
923:12484622
710:See also
648:occurs.
623:catheter
557:pressure
521:Function
338:plexuses
259:inferior
1533:jejunal
1470:Splenic
1344:vesical
1212:gonadal
1185:hepatic
1120:abdomen
1118:of the
1035:8268080
629:in the
625:in the
600:syncope
567:), the
533:of the
486:In the
359:at the
349:abdomen
296:to the
242:of the
171:D014682
83:Details
1576:cystic
1569:Direct
1460:Portal
1233:lumbar
1135:system
1133:azygos
1124:pelvis
1041:
1033:
990:
956:
921:
914:140300
911:
872:
826:
780:
572:uterus
569:gravid
488:embryo
429:right
414:right
129:Artery
88:Source
1538:ileal
1207:renal
1116:Veins
1039:S2CID
631:groin
561:aorta
535:heart
437:L1–L5
392:Vein
389:Level
330:joins
306:Latin
283:aorta
271:blood
267:veins
244:heart
236:blood
218:[
207:10951
146:Latin
1122:and
1031:PMID
988:ISBN
967:2020
954:ISBN
919:PMID
883:2020
870:ISBN
837:2020
824:ISBN
791:2020
778:ISBN
617:and
586:and
527:vein
474:and
462:and
230:The
195:4991
178:TA98
166:MeSH
1159:IVC
1131:To
1021:doi
946:doi
909:PMC
862:doi
816:doi
770:doi
344:.
202:FMA
190:TA2
160:IVC
1616::
1037:.
1029:.
1015:.
1011:.
974:^
952:,
940:,
917:.
905:29
903:.
899:.
868:,
856:,
844:^
822:,
810:,
798:^
776:,
764:,
740:^
633:.
613:,
609:,
582:,
544:.
537:.
502:.
447:L5
426:L2
418:,
411:L1
403:,
397:T8
375:.
369:T9
367:-
365:T8
353:L5
312:.
308::
285:.
254:.
1583:/
1462:)
1458:(
1401:/
1370:/
1361:/
1219:/
1166:)
1162:(
1108:e
1101:t
1094:v
1045:.
1023::
1017:7
996:.
948::
925:.
864::
818::
772::
574:(
563:(
222:]
20:)
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