Vattisen Yaly - Knowledge

1311:

riding Chuvash. They planted it right in the garden. This is due to the fact that the tree was created by Tura himself. So it is sacred. Can consecrate the area in which it is located. It can block the path of all evil creatures and people with evil thoughts. at the first pasture of cattle, animals are driven with rowan branches. Previously, animals were chased out with rowan rods and forced to cross over the poker. Rowan berries were placed in the foundation of the house. A wedding structure “Shilĕk” was created from young mountain ash, etc. Rowan was actively used in folk medicine. The Chuvash appreciated its flowers, berries and bark. Rowan branches were also obligatorily used at weddings, decorating the yard with them. In the past, rowan groves grew on sacred shrine sites, as the rowan provided magical protection. Clusters of mountain ash are hung at the entrance to the cattle pen and at the door lintel, or planted at the gate to protect themselves from the evil eye and damage. Rowan beads are considered the strongest remedy for any alien witchcraft. Rowan was also used to protect small children and babies from the evil eye and damage. Chuvash for this purpose put on a child a necklace of mountain ash. Protective runes were usually cut on rowan wood. A shaky (săpka) was hung to a pole from a flexible and durable young trunk of Rowan. A tincture was made from its bark, frozen berries were eaten after burning, it increases resistance to oxygen starvation. There was a belief that the supreme god Tĕncheri Tură found refuge from his enemies on Rowan. According to some beliefs, she is a distant ancestor of the first sacred tree of goodness on Earth, which withered with the advent of evil forces on our planet. At the end of the rite of public sacrifice Uchuk, boys and teenagers cut rowan rods with which they beat the walls of buildings in order to expel evil spirits from there. In the rite "Sĕren" for the same purpose, they went around the huts with freshly cut rods of Rowan, whipped households, clothes, buildings, inventory, cattle. Rowan leaves and branches were also used as elements protecting against spoilage, the leaves were stabbed into the hair and attached to the bride's headdress. A rowan amulet in the form of a hammer or a trident (Symbols of Tĕncheri Tură) was worn as a talisman against evil spirits (goblin, vulture, etc.) and corruption (evil eye). For the "liberation" of the Moon (lunar eclipse), a split forked branch of Rowan was thrown from the mouth of the spirit of Vubyr to the sky. It was believed that a plentiful harvest of Rowan fruits precedes a difficult year for children. If you stand under a mountain ash, then lightning will not strike you. You can’t cut down a mountain ash, otherwise your family will disappear.

1344:

hollow pillar. It was placed under the mat in the front corner of the stove in the middle of the hut, from it under the ceiling at a level higher than human height, to the front and side walls, there were crossbeams (bast kashta) and a bench cut into the stoves. Under the ear of the jubilee is the cellar "Tăpsakai" - a symbol of the earth, harvest and fertility, responsible for the growth and maturation of cereals, seeds (vărlăkh) were buried there. From Ush yupi, the hut was conditionally divided into parts: front (tĕpel-kitchen) and back (alăk kukri), left (male) and right (female) halves. Usha Yubi is the messenger of God, the connection with God, the conductor of the souls of the dead. Through it, the Chuvash connect with their spirits of dead ancestors and with the gods, through it passes the connection between all the worlds - the upper, middle, lower. According to the Chuvash mythological legends, the dwelling was a miniature model of the universe. Usha yubi symbolized the axis of the world (tĕnche tĕnĕlĕ), according to legend, Tĕncheri Tură (Creator of the universe) stuck 5 pillars between heaven and earth to separate the upper and middle worlds. The first 4 pillars were installed along the edges of the earth and the Ulypy giants held it with their backs, and the main fifth central golden pillar Usha yubi (in. Ulchebi, Tĕp yuba) was the main one, connecting all three worlds and holding "kăvak huppi" - "blue cover" in the form of a tukhya (dome), its top can be seen every morning, ear vĕşĕ - Venus. Near him, prayers were uttered for well-being in the house. During prayers, as well as during night vigils, a lit candle was attached to Usha near the body of the deceased, which symbolized the star of the morning dawn of Usha, the fire of the candle was maintained until dawn. A clean towel was hung on the Usha yubi (sometimes tied in the middle) during the funeral (it was believed that the soul of the deceased was wiped off when leaving the house), the newlywed during the wedding ceremony hung a towel in honor of Pirĕshti.

1535:

Yuba was an anthropomorphic pillar, on the grave of a man it was made of oak, on the grave of a woman it was made of linden. Men's tombstones were dressed in a hat and cap. Women's tombstones differed depending on the age of the buried (a surpan, tutor, masmak headdress was tied on Yuba of older women). Symbolizing the image of an ancestor-intermediary between Tură and man, Yuba personified a model of the world (as the sun - a lit candle or a coin or a piece of metal on top). Dimples for candles (from one to five) in the upper part of the Jup, being transformed, later began to be understood as a place for "heavenly water", "water for birds", etc. After a certain time, next to the wooden tombstones, a permanent epitaph was placed on the grave of a man - made of stone with a flat top, a woman - made of stone with a rounded top. Usually this was done in a special month called Yuba (October) dedicated to the ancestors. The anthropomorphic pillar Yuba, which was laid on the bed in the clothes of the deceased, after a home commemoration with a plentiful meal, was taken to the cemetery with dancing, singing and playing musical instruments, while observing all the elements of the funeral rite. Participants in the ritual at the gates of the deceased arranged the bridge of Shinavi (Shinavat), after a small fire was kindled from straw, chips and sawdust left over from the cleaning and processing of the Yuba wooden pillar, a cult of worship of fire and a dance ceremony were performed, they led a round dance around the fire, played the harmonica and sang ritual songs. After that, the Yuba pillar on long white towels was carried exclusively by men in the cemetery (Masar). Having installed a tombstone, they lit a candle on it and, accompanied by music, arranged a feast, using one-legged tables and benches. The ritual of Yuba is characterized by sitting in the night before sunrise with lit candles.

1369:

south, west, east), the world ocean surrounded it from all sides, the earth was covered with an eggshell dome in the form of Tukhya (Chuvash headdress), another group of Chuvashs had the Earth covered with a tent (yurt) and it had 8 corners. In the center of the earth was the axis of the world - God's staff, the golden central pillar which was thrust by the god "Măn Tură (Aslă Aşa)" himself, he did this in order to separate heaven and earth when he created the world in his forge. On the four sides, along the edges of the earthly square, the firmament was supported by four pillars: silver, bronze, copper and iron. In every corner stood guard over the earth and human life, wonderful heroes who held the pillars with their powerful armor. On the tops of these pillars there were nests, in them there were three eggs, on the eggs - ducks. After that, the central pillar blossomed into a tree, took root in the ground and the branches rested in the sky. In the center of the earth was the world mountain Aramazi, on its top the age-old Yuman oak grows with roots connecting the lower world and branches of the upper worlds, this is a symbol of the Chuvash family - the tree of ancestors, connecting dead and living descendants. The Chuvashs believed that they lived in the center of the world on Mount Aramazi, but because of the great flood they were forced to descend along the rainbow to the earth, here they created their temples in this image and called it Yrsamai - Miracle, Holy Good, Paradise. Now every Chuvash plant a tree of his ancestors and pray to him.

1325:

hymns-recitatives. Their text often contained the formula for calling Ash, which was repeated 3, 5, 7, 9 times, which was associated with ideas about the magical power of odd numbers. The number of repetitions of the formula depended on the strength of the desire to achieve the goals. In the practice of priests, during sacrificial ceremonies, they played with the creations of the world, and for healing people they used a dualistic system, a system of counting and four elements (earth and air, fire and water). If the goal of the healer is to cure a person, return him to our world, make sure that he can function calmly and without obstacles and fulfill his duties in the Light-Middle World. The healer must return him, dying, to the kingdom of the living, to create life again. Return the world of a specific, individual person to the number of seventy-seven worlds. Therefore, he starts from the very beginning: he pronounces the sequence of the creation of the world. But words alone are not enough. This whole process still needs to be beaten. He begins to create fire (stone against stone, ignites herbs and mushrooms), begins to spray the patient with the purest spring water, blows on him (creates wind) and pours all the dirt into the ground (she gave birth, she will take away). All these phenomena are the primary elementals, the foundations of our universe.

1448:

the wind, will scatter around the world and sprout where they fall. They will give many good plants and fruits. The seeds ripened and scattered around the world. They sprouted with the most beautiful flowers and herbs, the most beautiful shrubs and trees, amazing and delicious fruits ripened on them, they were fragrant with the most delicious aromas. Since then, the Chuvash have called all Turks the word "tĕrĕk - poplar" (that is, those praying, worshiping the poplar). According to the etymology of the words tĕrĕk (tÿrĕk) means straight (tree). Yĕrĕh also wanted to follow his brother's example and contribute to the universe. Tura at that time created Rowan. Yĕrĕh began to spy on his father. He looks, and the flowers are white, and the leaves are beautiful, and the berries are red. He wanted to do the same! He turns and turns, but the trees don't turn out as beautiful as his father's. It looks like it, but the flowers do not smell so delicious, the trunk is not so powerful and tall, the leaves stick together, and the berries are bitter-bitter... Since then, the herbs and trees created by Yĕrĕh, unfortunately, have only thorns and bad properties. They do not have fruits, and if they do, they are poisonous. So, according to the ideas of the Chuvash, good trees and bad trees appeared.

1179:

beautiful shrubs and trees, amazing and delicious fruits ripened on them, they were fragrant with delicious aromas. Yĕrĕhu also wanted to follow the example of his father and make his contribution to the universe. Tura at that time was creating Rowan. Yĕrĕh began to spy on his older brother. He looks, and the flowers are white, and the leaves are beautiful, and the berries are red. He wanted to do the same! He twists and turns, but the trees do not turn out beautiful like his brother's. It looks like it, but the flowers do not smell so delicious, the trunk is not so powerful and tall, the leaves stick together, and the berries are bitter-bitter ... Since then, the herbs and trees created by Yĕreh, unfortunately, have only thorns and bad properties. They have no fruits, and if they do, they are poisonous. So, according to the ideas of the Chuvash, good trees and bad trees appeared.

1496:

was chosen as the head, others as the treasurer to collect money. The feast was held in a hut kept for a fee or on other terms. Girls brought flour, malt, grain, hops, oil and other products, brought beer, prepared ritual food. If the beer was prepared in advance by each girl separately, the participants poured their shares into a common keg (just a couple of buckets). The holiday began with a prayer. The girls led the festival and showed their skills in running and brewing beer. The girls' parents, fellow villagers, and boys were visiting. The girls entertained them, singing and dancing to the playing of musical instruments. They were accompanied by several married men so as not to be offended. It was practically a demonstration by the girls that they were ready to get married and attract a future husband.

1425:

remained there. In the hierarchy of the gods and their subordination, it occupies the first place. In the power of Aşa are çiçĕm (lightning) and tankăra (thunder). The first makes it shine and illuminate the earth, the second makes it rattle (knock). In his intentions, he acts as the patron and protector of Ama (Goddess of the Earth), all noble creatures and a person who lives with kind and pure thoughts. At the same time, he also has a militancy. In an effort to destroy the demon, Aşa can also strike a sinless person, because. the first in a thunderstorm always tries to be close to the Good. Everything that exists on earth is divided into two parts: one half belongs to Ama, the other to Aşa (Aşa vut - fire A., Aşa shyv - water A., etc.).

1378:

through the narrow bridge (shinavat), the human soul fell into a ravine into the lower world (tamăk). They believed that the shores of the earth were washed by the oceans, raging waves constantly destroy the shores. Therefore, the Chuvash were convinced that "When the edge of the earth reaches the center of the earth where the Chuvash live, the end of the world will come, after which God will forge a new world." Also, by the end of the world, people will decrease in height, they used to say the Chuvash were giants. As a talisman against the end of the world, they embroidered amulets on clothes, carved them on utensils. They transmitted their legends and myths orally, through songs.

1352: 1429:

was on the ground, next to her was Aşa. Ama is renounced from any actions, Aşa, on the contrary, rises up with noise and roar during the creation of the world . After the separation of Aşa from Ama, the axis of the world (Aşa yupi) is built - the reproductive organ of Aşa and support pillars at 4 corners of a square and flat earth. Mothers of all creatures (females) were formed from Ama, even in nature (Shyv amăshĕ - the mother of Water, Vut amăshĕ - the mother of Fire, Ana amăshĕ - the mother of Arable land), the supreme gods themselves (Tură amăshĕ - the mother of Tură, Pÿlĕh amăshĕ - the mother of Pÿlĕh) and evil spirits.

1161:

was believed that the son of Tură, whom the Chuvash called Yĕrĕkh, could punish for extra worry. Therefore, in the so-called Yrsamai (Keremet) sanctuaries, it was impossible to make noise, come with dirty thoughts, swear, or disturb for no reason. Instigated by Usal (Evil), people killed him and burned him. In order to hide what they had done from God, the ashes were scattered to the wind, and yrsamay (kiremet) were formed everywhere. Keremet (Arabic word) and Yrsamay (in Chuvash) is only the name of a temple, a prayer place, but in Russian in the source of the monuments that Keremet was a god - which was a mistake.

1433:

Tura created man in the image of the world itself. The material from which the world is created is the earth. Human blood is water, hair is grass, bones are stones, body is earth. Yĕrĕh saw his creation and decided to create the same. But no matter how hard he tried, he managed to create only a woman. Tĕnçeri Tură created a dog (jytă) and ordered it to guard the first man. And Yĕrĕh created a cat. A person consists of several elements: çun, tăn, üt, yun (soul, consciousness, flesh, blood). God blew the first breath into a person - that's why it is called Vĕre (Aura) - a breath in translation.

1157:

hung at a height inaccessible to children in a hut or other buildings, more often in a corner of the hut. The main requirement of the deity is a peaceful life in the family and society, the reproduction of the family and its protection. Typical was the prayer of Yorekh in the ancestral home. It was always given to girls getting married. So the erechs were passed down from generation to generation for centuries, so as not to lose touch with the roots, with the family, so that the ancestors protected the family. He was fed gruel and bread when family members were sick.

1615:

dialect variant "khurakaç" uyăhĕ - December. The month "narăs" from the Muslim "navruz" also belongs there. There is also a dialectal difference in the months: xĕr uyăhĕ - June (maiden month), çăvarni uyăhĕ - March (lit. the month of carnival), çĕrtme uyăhĕ - June-July (literally the month of couple), măn kărlachă - December (1st cold month of the year), kĕçĕn kărlachă - January (the 2nd cold month of a 13-month year), yĕtem uăhĕ - September (threshing floor, current), nurăs uyăhĕ - the month of March (navrus), çeçke uyăhĕ - May (the month of flowers).

1396:) who dived into the oceans and got silt from the bottom, so a floating nest was built by one duck, and the second duck hid the earth in its beak, which it vomited up as a result, mountains and hills appeared from it. The world was created on Monday, the earth was created on Tuesday, man was molded on Wednesday, Thursday is a sacred day. The first giant man was molded by Tură from clay, the water became his blood, and the wind became his breath, the fire strengthened his bones and his name was 1437:

He shared his joy with brother Yĕrĕh. Yĕreh was inspired by this work by Tĕnçeri Tură when he saw a cow. He decided that he could do the same! Unfortunately, no matter what he did, he still failed. He already put the cow in front of him: he blinded the head, and the horns, and the body, and the udder ... But instead of “muuuuuk”, she said “meeek”, and when Yĕrĕkh wanted to stroke his “cow”, she began to butt him, so the Goat appeared … People have nicknamed this animal: “Cow Yĕrĕha”.

168: 1564:

enters, then oyăkh rather runs out of the circle - he is released freely. Lăpăr is now striving for the circle, but again they are trying not to let him in. The game sometimes drags on for a long time: the lăpăr’u fails to catch the oyăh. As soon as the lăpăr catches oyăh, then “oyăha çiyaççĕ”, i.e. oyăh lies down on the ground and plugs his ears; but he is not allowed to do this: all the players gather to him and shout directly into his ears, at the top of their lungs.

1460: 635: 228: 985:(tură) in the form father and mother, with no way to explain natural and physical phenomena, the occurrence of certain chemical processes, they attributed to this the term "tură" - "creator". For example, "Hĕvel amăshĕ" and "Hĕvel ashshĕ" - the mother and father of the sun, a dualistic term for the emergence of all things was attributed to all things and phenomena. The rest of the characters are borrowed from the folklore of neighboring peoples: 804:, Vattisen Yaly should be reconstructed and reformulated in institutional forms. A variety of groups emerged dedicated to the goal of reviving the Chuvash religion. A lot of publications on religion appeared, and artists and sculptors joined academic scholars in the creation of models for the construction of ritual-ceremonial complexes. Periodic prayers were introduced in public life by one of the groups, and it gave the religion the name of 66: 1441:

this animal very much. He also wanted to do something similar. And the body is small, and the hooves are beautiful, and the tail is curly ... He tried, tried, but his animal turned out bald all the time. He couldn't make it beautiful. It turned out to be a pretty cute animal: a pig. She grunted sweetly when Yĕrĕh stroked the pig. But at some point, the pig bit off Yĕrĕhu's finger and ate it. She, it turns out, eats meat.

25: 264: 1492:

the houses of all relatives in turn, treated them to beer and tasted the beer of the owners. Similar to the German Oktoberfest. Some Chuvash people call him Avdan Sori (Avtan sări). Autumn commemoration of the dead among the unbaptized Chuvash. After completion of field work and threshing, part of the September harvest was organized on the night of the first Friday after the full moon.

677: 1552:

times to bring rain. While adults are preparing food, young people run around the village with buckets and pour water on each other (shyvpa vylyany), even adult passers-by, no one is offended by this, otherwise they will cause sin on themselves. There are also village-wide and even bush "humor pottas" (several villages) if there are very severe droughts.

1556:

watch from the side and sing , it tests male courage and courage, there are times when people fall into icy water, but they prepare rescue ropes in advance. After that, fires of straw and firewood are made on the ice floes, and they sing a song: "Păr kayat, păr kayat, părpa pĕrle hĕl kayat!" (Ice leaves and with it winter).

968:, he is the creator of the world. He has many names and epithets, he is also called: the Supreme God (Şülti Tură), the Great God (Măn Tură), the God of the blue sky (Kăvak Tĕneri Tură), the One God (Pĕr Tĕncheri Tură), the Elder God (Aslă Tură) and Senior Father (Aslachi) and Father (Aşa). Initially, the word 1563:

Oyăha lăpăr şini - Everyone, except for two, stand in a circle; of the rest, one depicts the moon and remains in the middle of the circle, the other - "Lăpăr" - remains outside the circle. The purpose of lăpăr is to catch oyăh, so he wants to get into the circle, but they try not to let him in; if he

1538:

Kěbe - It was believed that winter colds begin from this time. People began to dress warmer, just as the earth dressed in snow. On this day, all relatives gathered at one of the relatives, performed rituals related to preparation for winter. Kĕbe - placenta (afterbirth) shirt of a newborn baby. After

1495:

Khyor Sori (Hĕr sări) - girl's beer, girl's holiday, winter youth holiday. This is an echo of the rites of initiation - the transition of girls into the girlish age group - associated with rites associated with the winter solstice; 15-20 girls from the street gathered for the performance, one of them

1491:

Ker Sori (Kĕr sări) - "Autumn beer" is a rite of worship and autumn thanksgiving for the new harvest to the spirits of ancestors. It was performed in late October - early November with a waning moon. Be sure to temper a rooster or chicken by brewing beer. The participants of the holiday walked around

1483:

Chukleme is a celebration of the consecration of the offering of a new harvest to the spirits of nature, dead ancestors, accompanied by a treat for all relatives. In late autumn, after the end of threshing, the Chuvash peasants carefully sorted and divided the grain: the best - for seeds, the worst -

1428:

AMA (kuk amai) - in Chuvash mythology, it acts as the mother of all things as the Turkic Umai. The cult of Ama is similar to the ideas of many ancient religions. The image is not singled out in tangible, concrete details. Its location in one version is a huge space; existed forever. In the other, she

1424:

AŞA (kuk aşey, aslaşi) aka Tĕnçeri Tură (Creator of the Universe, Heaven) - in the pre-Christian beliefs of the Chuvash, the progenitor of all things, the spouse of Ama, the supreme god (God of Heaven). The image has a pronounced archaic character. Once he ascended to heaven with a terrible roar and

1377:

The supreme god Tĕncheri Tură (Aslă Aşa) was in the uppermost world. He ruled the universe. Metal lightning and thunder, controlled rain. When a person died, his soul went up a narrow bridge (shinawat), passing to a rainbow, and ascended to the upper world. And if he was sinful, then, without passing

1303:

Migratory birds winter near Tĕncheri Tură. Most of all, he loves the swallow (constellation), which fearlessly nests under his very staff, while other birds (constellations) stay away from him. In accordance with this, the Milky Way was also called the "road of the birds"; birds (constellations) went

1156:

Yĕrĕkh - a clay doll, according to the traditional beliefs of the Chuvash, this is the deity guardian of the hearth and family, in translation it means "ancestral heritage". It was presented mainly in a female form, more often as an invisible one. He was given a place to live - Yĕrĕkh pĕrni: a basket

1614:

Instead of "ear uyăhĕ" (month of Venus) - January (tur.oҗak), the Tatar "kărlach" (kyrlach) appeared, and instead of "nartukhan" - December, the Orthodox "rashtav" (Christmas) appeared, but the word "nartăvan" also did not is primary and was previously borrowed from the Muslim "nardugan", there is a

1551:

Syumor potty (Şumăr pătti) - Rain porridge, in some unbaptized villages it is still carried out, each street (kassi) has its own designated place, prayer porridge is cooked there, children collect food from each house, who gives cereals, who gives eggs, who milk. The ceremony is performed during dry

1510:

Seren (Seren) is a spring holiday of the lower Chuvash, dedicated to the expulsion of evil spirits from the village. And the very name of the holiday means “exile”. Seren was held on the eve of the great day (mun kun), and in some places before the summer commemoration of dead ancestors - on the eve

1506:

Syul Puze (Şul Puşĕ) — New Year, the holiday of the beginning of the year, is celebrated on March 20-21 on the day of the spring equinox. The Chuvash counted the year by summer (çulla). Navruz coincided with the Muslim holiday, so the Chuvash used to call March "narăs uyăhĕ", but due to some events,

1436:

Tĕnçeri Tură decided to create an amazing animal. He took the best clay in his hands and worked on his creation for three days and three nights. By dawn, he had a kind, beautiful cow. With gentle and good treatment, she gave delicious milk in large quantities. God was very pleased with his creation.

1432:

Tĕnçeri Tură made any creation from clay. Therefore, both man and other living beings are based on clay. Sat, they say, somehow, Tĕnçeri Tură on the bank of a large river. He saw a heap of sticky clay. He pinched off a piece and began to sculpt some form. He turned out to be a wonderful human (man).

1368:

Chuvash paganism is characterized by a multi-tiered view of the world. The world consisted of three parts and seven layers: a three-layer upper world, one-layer our world and a three-layer lower world. In the ancient beliefs of the Chuvashs, the Earth was square in shape on 4 cardinal points (north,

1339:

The Chuvash went to pray at their temples, which were called Yrsamay (Keremet) - according to the Chuvash, this is a miniature version of the universe. It comes from the word "yră - good, good" suffix -sam (plural) and the Turkic suffix -ay "holy" (approx. Aya Sophia - saint). The word "Keremet" has

1160:

In some ethnographic groups, the Chuvash - Yĕrĕha was considered the first son of the god Tĕncheri Tură, from which he was given the following name: Heir. In honor of him, temples were built under the name "Yrsamay", which was later called "Keremet" during the Golden Horde and the Islamic period. It

1542:

Pănçă - a red dot on the forehead that was drawn to babies from the evil eye. Especially on the holiday of Acha Yashki (Soup for the Baby), which was celebrated when the child had the first tooth. Since all the people who came to the celebration could jinx the child. Also in the future, women sewed

1447:

Vegetation was created in the same way. Tĕnçeri Tură created trees with tasty and healthy fruits, and Yĕrĕkh with bitter and poisonous ones. Tĕnçeri Tură created beautiful trees. He was the first to create the "Golden Poplar" and said: various magical seeds will ripen on it, which, with the help of

931:

Chuvash mythology and their traditional religion englobe the complex views, beliefs and cults of some of the Chuvash people, with many features of mythology and religion among the general Chuvash people being preserved in modern times, including traditional burial rites and a system of holidays and

1559:

Ulah (Ulăh) - Unity, at this time the girls found their future husbands, and the grooms the bride. Guys and girls gather in the evenings in one of the houses, the girls take a spindle or embroidery with them, and some of the guys weave bast shoes, who take a violin, harp with them. They spin, they

1555:

Por Yany (Păr Yani) - Seeing off the ice, with the advent of spring, the male population begins to help the river open up from the ice, they cut through ice floes with axes, with cuttings and in other ways and push the ice, a very dangerous occupation where women and children are not allowed, they

1347:

Tĕp yuba - this pillar was located in the corner of the front part of the garden (sometimes the outermost pillar of the gate) from the side of the street, symbolized one of the pillars of the earth and sky, had the same function as Usha yubi, during çimek all the sacrificial food collected in cast

1343:

Usha yubi (Ulchepi, Ulche yubi) - The Chuvash considered the kitchen to be the main place in the house and called it "tĕpel" (the main place) it served as an atrium, there they put a "pillar of Usha" in front of the stove. The most ancient version, about which information has been preserved, was a

935:

The traditional religion among the Chuvash is called the “custom of the ancestors” (vattisen yăli), as well as “tӗne” (world order), and its adherents are called “true Chuvashs” (chăn chăvash). Islam is called tutar tĕni (Tatar worldview), Christianity is called vyrăs tĕni (Russian worldview), and

1534:

Yuba - a grave monument of the Chuvash in the form of a wooden pillar, on the graves of the dead. It was installed with the root part towards the sky, since the Chuvash considered the earth to be a reflection of the sky (kĕske), so dead souls fall back to heaven from where they were lowered down.

1440:

Tĕnçeri Tură had a lot of ideas, so next time he decided to create an extremely cute, kind, but very useful animal. For five days and nights he worked on it, and by dawn he had a lamb. She gave wool, milk, brought a large offspring, and was also distinguished by very tasty meat. Yĕrĕhu also liked

1359:

Yerekh Kĕtesĕ - The corner of the erech, for the Chuvash, the corners are considered holy, since the ocean erodes the shores of the earth, and when the waters reach the center, the end of the world will come, in connection with this, the Chuvash have always strongly protected the corners, even on

1310:

The constellation of mountain ash is also an important element and a cult among the Chuvash. Rowan, in general, is considered one of the most characteristic trees for the Chuvash people. It is very important that it grows within the boundaries of each house. Mountain ash was especially revered by

1521:

Simek (Şimĕk) - commemoration of all the dead relatives, people take a bath in the morning, dress in clean white clothes and go to the cemetery, where they call the souls of their dead relatives to the family home for a meal, where they put food (cakes, beer) in a vat and they take it out to the

1487:

Sora chyuge (Săra çükĕ) - prayers with beer, beer is sacrificed to the spirits. At this festivities, a ladle of beer is sacrificed to the following personalities: Tĕncheri turra, tură amăshĕpe ashshĕne, sĕvere vyrtakan yrra, hĕvel ashshĕpe amăshne, çil ashshĕpe amăshne, pylak parana, pikhampara,

1178:

The Almighty Tură created beautiful trees and said: they will ripen various seeds, which will be scattered all over the world with the help of the wind and will sprout where they fall. Seeds ripened and scattered around the world. They sprouted into the most beautiful flowers and herbs, the most

1572:

The months of the Chuvash were interconnected with mythological ideas, rituals and the agricultural way of life. The modern form of the sequence of months and some of their names are slightly changed from its original form, due to the influence of neighboring cultures of Muslims and Christians.

1517:

Nime - charity, collective assistance arranged by fellow villagers in laborious and tedious work. Help each other build houses, bridges to the village, a fence to the cemetery, a road to the village. All this for free, everyone brought what he had, women cooked food for the hard workers in huge

984:

turri - the creator of air). In fact, the Chuvashs do not have the concept of God, as such, rather, it is inherent in other peoples, the Chuvashs have the concept of only spirit creators, according to the Chuvash beliefs, everything that exists on earth and in heaven has its own creator spirits

1530:

AMA Kurgi - one of the rituals of the funeral rite, is held in honor of the soul of a woman leaving for the other world, and therefore the woman treats the audience with beer. According to the beliefs of the Chuvash, during the ceremony, the struggle between Good and Evil takes place in the

791:

The national movement, meanwhile embodied in a Chuvash National Congress, carried on its "national religion" idea during the 1990s. Intellectuals started to recover and codify ancient rituals and started practicing them among the population both in cities and countryside villages, declaring

1324:

Yrămsă , Yumsă, Machavar - - people with mythical power; among the people he was called a miracle creator, sage, prophetic, healer, sorcerer, benefactor, etc. His actions aimed at achieving goodness were presented as the creation of a microcosm and were accompanied by spells, incantations,

956:

In Chuvash mythology, according to V.K. Magnitsky, there were more than 210 gods and spirits of different ranks and functions devoted to them. They inhabited heaven, earth and the underworld. D. Meszaros pointed out about Chuvash monotheism, all the rest were only spirits (small creators).

1499:

Surkhuri - in Chuvash coincided with Christmas, is considered the Chuvash holiday of the winter solstice. Another ethnographic group of the Chuvashs called this holiday "Šuşi" - "Dawn", since the morning star in their dialect is "Šuşămpuş" - the Head of the dawn.

1473:

Avon (Avăn) is a polysemantic word. This is a threshing. This holiday was accompanied by many obligatory rituals due to the great importance of grinding bread. It was especially pleasant, solemn for the peasants. Threshing is just as exciting as harvesting.

775:

The Chuvash traditional religion boasts an unbroken continuity from pre-Christian times, having been preserved in a few villages of the Chuvash diaspora outside Chuvashia until modern times. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, together with the demise of the

1360:

embroideries, like a talisman. Therefore, in the front corner of the house, a basket of Erekhom (a doll of the spirit of ancestors) was placed, which was supposed to protect the clan, home and family. After baptism, they were replaced with icons.

839:

and the national organisation of the religions. For instance, Iosif Dimitriev (Trer), an artist and enthusiastic follower of the religion and member of the "Chuvash National Religion" group, supports a tritheistic view centered on the god Tura, a

1400:(in the translation of Clay), the second man in his own image was blinded by Yĕrĕh himself, since he was sad, but so as he had no experience in the creation of man, he made a mistake and blinded a crooked figure from which the first woman 1531:

microcosm, in order to represent the image in the macrocosm. Ama (Goddess) is the mother earth herself, she was given the body of the dead in her womb of the earth, and the soul went to heaven to Aça (Tĕncheri Tură).

1164:

Yĕrĕkh was originally an image of the Turkic Erlik, one of the creators of the earth, many years later, with the advent of Christianity and the adoption of Orthodoxy by the Chuvash, he was renamed

734:, a related revivalist movement of Central Asian traditional religion. However, Vattisen Yaly differs significantly from other forms of Tengrism in that the Chuvash have been heavily influenced by 750:, unlike most other Turkic peoples). Their religion shows many similarities with Finnic and Slavic Paganisms; moreover, the revival of "Vattisen Yaly" in recent decades has occurred following 780:, a cultural and national revival blossomed among the Chuvash, and its leaders gradually embraced the idea of a return to indigenous Paganism, as did Chuvash intellectuals. The Chuvash 896:

are also sacred trees and traditional worship sites spread on Chuvash lands. The immediate goals of the Turas group are the creation of spiritual revival complexes on the sites of the

923:) are performed along with ritual sacrifices. Such rituals are connected to community and family life, often involving rites of passage such as weddings, births, and anniversaries. 1470:

Vyrma - Harvest. It was a tense and difficult, but at the same time a very responsible period in the annual labor cycle of a farmer. Bread is the crown of all peasant labor.

1172:). Christian missionaries considered the Chuvash idols to be pagan demons. After that, the Chuvashs began to get rid of the Yĕrĕhs and float them down a stream or river. 1507:

the names of the months were changed. Corresponding to the Roman first month of the year, named after Mars, the god of agriculture and cattle breeding, Martius - March.

1604:

Yupa (October) - the month of commemoration, literally the month of the ritual pillar (axis of the world), which connects all three worlds, the dead, the gods and ours

1522:"usha yupi" (sometimes tyop yuba) which stands in the corner of the garden, all other treats (leftover food) cannot be removed from the table until the next morning. 976:

meant mother earth. After that, everything in the world had a father and a mother, like yin and yang. All other small tură (creators) only serve him and are spirits (

881:

worldview, asserting that the goal of Chuvash religion is the "unity and harmony of nature, mankind, and Tura". The core of Madurov's position is the concept of the

2872: 2721: 1404:(translated as Nest) appeared. Since then, the Chuvash have called ducks Kăvakal - which means "Blue hand" (heavenly). The symbol of other peoples is an amulet " 1175:

Following the example of Tĕncheri Tură, his son Yĕrĕkh also began to equip the land, to repeat after father, they were the first to create trees and grasses.

3145: 2968: 2983: 1586:

Aka (April) - the month dedicated to the sowing season, during this period, the virgin land is opened with a plow, after hibernation (plowing and sowing)

3182: 3165: 3160: 3130: 2773: 3140: 2696: 1421:

Aşa and Ama - two elements and the progenitor of everything in the world, translated as father and mother, male and female, masculine and feminine.

3170: 1825: 754:

patterns. Today the followers of the Chuvash Traditional Religion are called "the true Chuvash". Their main god is Tura, a deity comparable to the

2852: 2284: 800:

In the mid-1990s, the proponents of the movement felt that to fulfill the role of a "national religion" and stand against world religions and

1444:

Therefore, Chuvash people do not use goat and pig meat in traditional prayers, in remembrance of the dead and in other important ceremonies.

1878: 3418: 2490: 1042:

Pihampar - the god protector (patron), endows people with good qualities, sends prophetic visions; (fig. white wolf - prince of wolves)

936:

non-believers are called "tĕne kĕmen" (those who did not enter the world). The etymology of he word "Tĕne" relates to the Chinese word

1690:

Filatov, Sergei; Shchipkov, Aleksandr (1995). "Religious Developments among the Volga Nations as a Model for the Russian Federation".

1027:

Tĕncheri Tură (Aslo Aşa) - the Creator of the Universe (world), the highest and most important in the pantheon (he has many epithets).

2409: 1871:

Introduction to the Study of Prehistoric Ethnogenic Processes in Eastern Europe and Asia, The Turkic Tribe Bulgar in Eastern Europe

1674:

Introduction to the Study of Prehistoric Ethnogenic Processes in Eastern Europe and Asia, The Turkic Tribe Bulgar in Eastern Europe

2097: 2051: 4137: 3894: 2369: 2112: 2082: 1975: 852:

view with god Tura as the main god and other gods as his manifestations, and an organisational model based on a traditional

130: 3756: 3468: 2768: 2573: 2373: 887:, the world tree, and the myth of Tura reborn in a tree growing from ashes, symbolizing the rebirth of man through nature. 102: 4188: 3741: 3309: 2606: 2510: 2259: 2166: 663: 1607:

Chuk (November) - the month of sacrifices, gratitude to God, gifts of spirits, ancestors, for a good harvest next year

4213: 3731: 2495: 214: 149: 109: 52: 4183: 2429: 2269: 2117: 1886: 1647: 2290: 1307:

Ulyp was chained to Mount Aramazi (from the Chuvash Yrămaş - Paradise), corresponds to the constellation Orion.

4193: 3909: 3624: 3353: 2973: 2135: 2102: 2020: 1948: 116: 87: 83: 38: 1132:

Sekhmet - is the god of anger, wind, misfortune and misfortune. (Chuvash-Russian Dictionary of Nikolsky p.170)

3498: 3331: 1032:

Ama (Kuk amay) - Goddess mother, mother earth, god of fertility, patroness of women and children (Turk. Umai)

1351: 3736: 2551: 2480: 2197: 2061: 1907: 98: 4178: 3433: 3377: 2264: 2107: 2087: 2008: 2317: 1539:

the birth of the child, they sacrificed a white ram, to the god Кеbе. Kebe - god distributor of fates.

366: 331: 4203: 4132: 3538: 3319: 3121: 2827: 1968: 1624: 180: 1831:

In Search of the National Idea: Cultural Revival and Traditional Religiosity in the Chuvash Republic

1348:

irons, the heirs of the clan carried out and poured out, poured to this pillar, served as an altar.

3348: 3209: 2731: 2455: 2122: 2077: 525: 423: 4208: 3821: 2805: 2763: 2349: 751: 743: 76: 1514:

Sinze (Şinşe) is a traditional pre-Christian rite dedicated to the time of the summer solstice.

1047:

Pyulekhsche - a savior, a keeper, a seer, gives people an unlucky or happy lot, the god of luck.

4040: 3966: 3946: 3816: 3751: 3680: 3448: 3256: 3187: 3091: 2736: 2599: 2339: 2092: 1589:

Syu (May) - the month of summer, dedicated to the goddess of the earth and fertility Ama (Umai)

1467:

Aka Tuy - "Sowing wedding" (the wedding of heaven and earth, the plow represents intercourse)

1102:

Vubar - an evil spirit, a ghoul, sent diseases, attacked a sleeping person (from Russian ghoul)

656: 383: 3709: 3687: 3428: 3106: 2963: 2902: 2822: 2790: 2531: 2202: 1251: 801: 408: 1837:. Seton Hall University, 2000. The National Council for Eurasian and East European Research. 4077: 3806: 3746: 3443: 3423: 3266: 3219: 3150: 3135: 3111: 3096: 3069: 3010: 2399: 2329: 1961: 1879:""Christians! Go home": A Revival of Neo-Paganism between the Baltic Sea and Transcaucasia" 464: 398: 123: 1829: 8: 4142: 3869: 3864: 3811: 3781: 3776: 3660: 3336: 3261: 3224: 3025: 2922: 2706: 2445: 2436: 2404: 2334: 2297: 2279: 2274: 2154: 2030: 1480:

Uchuk - the common prayer of the Chuvash people (uy-khir chukĕ - sacrifice in the field)

1392: 735: 535: 521: 350: 1231:

Mount Aramazi - from it the Chuvash descended to earth along the rainbow (Asamat kepere)

4198: 4082: 3986: 3801: 3714: 3692: 3575: 3523: 3463: 3358: 3116: 3084: 3074: 3035: 3030: 3000: 2990: 2847: 2546: 2324: 2219: 2207: 2176: 2035: 1560:

sing, they all play together. Riddles are made, fairy tales are told, boys meet girls.

844:

Ama, and a begotten god who is Tura reborn, and an organisation similar to that of the

189: 185: 44: 1844:"Religious Developments among the Volga Nations as a Model for the Russian Federation" 3702: 3565: 3545: 3453: 3370: 3365: 3341: 3241: 3234: 3202: 3197: 3064: 3059: 3047: 3005: 2867: 2837: 2592: 2251: 2189: 1998: 1843: 781: 649: 474: 3458: 4124: 4065: 3914: 3899: 3889: 3600: 3570: 3438: 3324: 3314: 3251: 3040: 3017: 2995: 2842: 2716: 2701: 2424: 2414: 2394: 2225: 2025: 1918: 1858: 1699: 762: 692: 551: 469: 393: 388: 322: 317: 243: 1923: 1117:

Wupkan - is an evil spirit that sends diseases, invisible or in the form of a dog.

4070: 4018: 3938: 3771: 3642: 3580: 3518: 3473: 3246: 3192: 3177: 3101: 3079: 3052: 2978: 2817: 2810: 2800: 2658: 2619: 2584: 2485: 2003: 1984: 1260: 874: 845: 704: 639: 561: 556: 479: 277: 1900:

The Chuvash People - An Ethnographic Study & Missiological Strategy Analysis

905:

Another phenomenon is the spontaneous revival of traditional village festivals (

848:. V. Stan'ial, another influential intellectual of the same group, stands for a 428: 4157: 4152: 4114: 3874: 3595: 3555: 3550: 3533: 3528: 3382: 3271: 2897: 2505: 2450: 2056: 1092:

Albasta - an evil creature in the form of a woman with four breasts (from Tat.)

841: 739: 712: 708: 613: 597: 459: 454: 1862: 1703: 1057:

Irih - the spirit of the guardian of the clan, family; the legacy of ancestors

449: 4172: 4035: 3560: 3513: 2917: 2862: 2857: 2785: 2691: 2500: 2344: 873:(meaning "believer in the god Tura"), started by F. Madurov, which favours a 785: 3697: 2182: 1543:

in the form of a central coin on their headdresses (Tuhya, Hushpu, Masmak).

1456:

Moon Kun - "Great day" (creation of the world according to Chuvash beliefs)

1147:

Iye - spirit, brownie, living in baths, mills, abandoned houses, barns, etc.

1052:

Surlan - northern lights, childbearing kite, distributes the souls of babies

792:

themselves the guardians of tradition and the descendants of elder priests.

4147: 4087: 4050: 3951: 3904: 3766: 3719: 3590: 2541: 2240: 2232: 2013: 1227:

The name of the constellations may differ for different groups of Chuvash.

777: 747: 444: 273: 1503:

Syovarni (Şăvarni, Şu erni) is a holiday of spring awakening, Maslenitsa.

167: 2751: 2636: 2536: 1459: 940:(Tian), and the word Tĕncheri Tură (Creator of Heaven) to the Turkic God 700: 587: 566: 355: 235:(world tree) and Three stars (polar, sun, moon) on the flag of Chuvashia. 1655: 1072:

Kherle shyr is a kind spirit living in heaven, on the edge of the earth.

4109: 4092: 4030: 3879: 3826: 3789: 3675: 2927: 2907: 2746: 2646: 2556: 2460: 2354: 1299:

And - rowan bush, ducks, swallow, raven, cuckoo, lion bird, and others.

1277: 1269: 345: 340: 2758: 1943: 1938: 1062:

Pireshti - good spirit, angel (translated as: faceless, without image)

4060: 4055: 4023: 4006: 3665: 3229: 2882: 2877: 2641: 2568: 2526: 2419: 2212: 2159: 878: 835:

Arguments emerged among the groups and factions over matters such as

758: 755: 720: 618: 530: 495: 285: 1386:

According to mythopoetic songs, the world was created by two ducks "

500: 227: 65: 3991: 3981: 3976: 3761: 2795: 2741: 2726: 2711: 2615: 2312: 2245: 2171: 1340:

a similar translation from Arabic. کرامة‎ “karamat” is a miracle.

1283: 1037:

Kebe - god distributor of fates (sometimes Kawaba - umbilical cord)

836: 731: 634: 253: 1953: 902:, and to turn them into cultural monuments and natural preserves. 3961: 3724: 3585: 2887: 2631: 2563: 2389: 2304: 1242: 1165: 1142:

Khurachun - the owner of the black soul, darkness, cold and gloom

1107:

Woodash - an evil spirit that lives in water (from Russian water)

716: 623: 281: 3956: 1263:(Chuvash poles and keremets are tied with a towel in the middle) 4104: 4045: 4001: 3996: 3214: 2912: 2832: 2780: 941: 849: 769: 724: 592: 505: 403: 301: 418: 4099: 3971: 3884: 2440: 2361: 1915:

The European Proceedings of Social & Behavioural Sciences

1292: 1169: 413: 911:). On these occasions, reconstructed prayers and blessings ( 263: 4013: 937: 765: 730:

Vattisen Yaly could be categorised as a particular form of

571: 676: 2892: 1908:"Chuvash Religion As A Key Component Of Ethnic Mentality" 1355:

Chuvash ritual round dance around the sacred tree Kеrеmеt

829: 1583:

Push (March) - empty month, free time, matchmaking month

1802: 1778: 1592:

Sĕrtme (June) - the month of steam, steam arable land.

1315:

The name of the constellations in dialects may differ.

1768: 1766: 1753: 1751: 1749: 3632: 3295: 2668: 1790: 1722: 16:

Revival of the ethnic religion of the Chuvash people

90:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2614: 1763: 1746: 1734: 1710: 3404: 1642: 1640: 972:in the Chuvash language meant father heaven, and 746:speaking ethnicities (they were also never fully 4170: 1841: 1689: 1067:Khertsurt - Warming house, keeper of the hearth. 810:, which apparently comes from the Chuvash word 1842:Filatov, Sergei; Shchipkov, Aleksandr (1995). 1637: 1328:Kelepuse - head of prayers, assistant priest. 1097:Arzyuri - spirit, master of the forest, goblin 926: 684:, object of worship in a village of Chuvashia. 2600: 1969: 1577:Kărlach (January) - the month of cold weather 918: 912: 906: 897: 891: 882: 868: 859: 853: 823: 817: 811: 805: 657: 960:The Chuvashs have only one main creator of " 1949:Шура Шурумбус: Чувашские Боги Асы (Астурри) 1876: 1610:Rashtav (December) - the month of Christmas 1276:Avtan (akăsh) - Rooster (sometimes Swan) / 719:ancestry mostly settled in the republic of 53:Learn how and when to remove these messages 2607: 2593: 1976: 1962: 1667: 1665: 1087:Uzal - the spirit of all evil in the world 664: 650: 2410:Covenant of Unitarian Universalist Pagans 1922: 1685: 1683: 215:Learn how and when to remove this message 150:Learn how and when to remove this message 1905: 1458: 1350: 1268:Păshi (lashi) - Elk (sometimes Horse) / 864:or guardian of the faith in every town. 675: 226: 3497: 1939:Чӑваш тӗнне ӗненекенсем валли ҫӗр ыйтнӑ 1662: 1567: 1236:Surlan - northern lights (god of birth) 816:, meaning "yellow". In Chuvash culture 4171: 1824: 1808: 1796: 1784: 1772: 1757: 1740: 1728: 1716: 1680: 1598:Surla (August) - sickle month, harvest 1580:Narăs (February) - the month of Navruz 4138:Christianization of saints and feasts 3895:European Congress of Ethnic Religions 3849: 3640: 3496: 3403: 3294: 2948: 2676: 2588: 2370:European Congress of Ethnic Religions 1957: 1906:Nikitina, Erbina (28 December 2019). 1601:Avăn (September) - month of threshing 1022:Tură - translated Creator (from Turĕ) 858:or national religious leader, and an 2374:Foundation for Traditional Religions 1671: 723:and surrounding federal subjects of 161: 88:adding citations to reliable sources 59: 18: 1983: 1595:Ută (July) - the month of haymaking 951: 742:cultures as well as those of other 13: 1363: 14: 4225: 1932: 1381: 1291:Chulpan (Shuşămpuş) - the planet 1241:Uša (Aşa, Ulçebi, Тĕne Tĕnelĕ) - 1077:Vite husi - the owner of the barn 34:This article has multiple issues. 3296:Middle-Eastern and North African 1887:Journal of Contemporary Religion 1484:for fodder, and this for flour. 1137:Tecmele - the name of the spirit 633: 262: 166: 64: 23: 1818: 1546: 1304:to winter in this Milky Lake. 75:needs additional citations for 42:or discuss these issues on the 3910:Polytheistic reconstructionism 1: 3405:Oceanian and Pacific Islander 2430:Ringing Cedars' Anastasianism 1924:10.15405/epsbs.2019.12.04.330 1851:Religion, State & Society 1692:Religion, State & Society 1630: 699:, Ancestral traditions) is a 2949: 2552:Platonism in the Renaissance 1944:Чӑвашсем Сурхурие пуҫтарӑннӑ 1877:Schnirelman, Victor (2002). 1282:Kăvakal yăvi - Duck's Nest ( 7: 1648:"Chuvash faith and beliefs" 1618: 1451: 1418:The division of the world: 1122:Esrel - the spirit of death 927:Religion, Faith and Customs 784:looked to movements in the 179:to comply with Knowledge's 10: 4230: 3641: 2511:Writers on modern paganism 1372: 1319: 4189:Modern paganism in Russia 4133:Christianity and paganism 4123: 3937: 3860: 3856: 3850: 3845: 3653: 3649: 3636: 3623: 3509: 3505: 3492: 3414: 3410: 3399: 3305: 3301: 3290: 2959: 2955: 2944: 2687: 2683: 2677: 2672: 2655: 2627: 2519: 2473: 2382: 2144: 2133: 2070: 2044: 1991: 1863:10.1080/09637499508431705 1704:10.1080/09637499508431705 1625:Chuvash National Congress 1334: 1112:Kele - is an evil spirit. 795: 696: 4214:1990s in modern paganism 2241:Daco-Thracian (Romanian) 1245:(staff of Tĕncheri Tură) 980:- the creator of water, 526:Bain Tsokto inscriptions 424:Vietnamese folk religion 192:may contain suggestions. 177:may need to be rewritten 4184:Modern pagan traditions 4041:Religion and mythology 3967:Dying and rising deity 3947:Veneration of the dead 3681:Native American Church 2083:German-speaking Europe 1652:Chuvash Culture Portal 1477:Chuk - is a sacrifice 1464: 1463:Chuvash Akatui Holiday 1356: 919: 913: 907: 898: 892: 883: 869: 860: 854: 824: 818: 812: 806: 685: 384:Hungarian Native Faith 236: 4194:Religion in Chuvashia 2574:Traditionalist School 2532:Witch-cult hypothesis 2045:Arts and institutions 1462: 1354: 828:is an epithet of the 802:cultural assimilation 679: 409:Chinese folk religion 310:Other deities/spirits 230: 3310:Ancient Near Eastern 3097:Hellenistic religion 2400:Church of All Worlds 2071:By country or region 2052:Festivals and events 1672:Stetsyuk, Valentin. 1568:Traditional calendar 701:contemporary revival 465:Mongush Kenin-Lopsan 84:improve this article 4143:Constantinian shift 3865:Neopagan witchcraft 3499:Sub-Saharan African 2496:LGBTQ+ and paganism 2437:Neopagan witchcraft 2405:Church of Aphrodite 2298:Peterburgian Vedism 2031:Western esotericism 1869:Valentin Stetsyuk. 989:- from the Russian 768:and the pan-Turkic 640:Religion portal 606:Related conceptions 351:Mongolian Tengerism 4179:Eurasian shamanism 4083:Trees in mythology 4078:Supernatural magic 3987:Magic and religion 2547:Nine Noble Virtues 2036:Western philosophy 1465: 1393:Podiceps cristatus 1357: 1331:Tuhatmăsh - witch 1183:Mythical creatures 686: 399:Siberian shamanism 237: 4166: 4165: 3931: 3930: 3927: 3926: 3923: 3922: 3841: 3840: 3837: 3836: 3617: 3616: 3613: 3612: 3609: 3608: 3488: 3487: 3484: 3483: 3395: 3394: 3391: 3390: 3286: 3285: 3282: 3281: 3235:Mysteries of Isis 2940: 2939: 2936: 2935: 2582: 2581: 2469: 2468: 2252:Kemetic Orthodoxy 2213:Ossetian-Scythian 2198:Canarian (Berber) 2021:Reconstructionism 1811:, pp. 12–13. 1787:, pp. 10–11. 1411: 867:Another group is 788:for inspiration. 782:identity movement 674: 673: 475:Olzhas Suleimenov 376:Related movements 289: 225: 224: 217: 207: 206: 181:quality standards 160: 159: 152: 134: 57: 4221: 4204:Turkic mythology 4125:Christianization 3915:Secular paganism 3900:Goddess movement 3870:Cochrane's Craft 3858: 3857: 3847: 3846: 3651: 3650: 3638: 3637: 3634: 3633: 3507: 3506: 3494: 3493: 3412: 3411: 3401: 3400: 3303: 3302: 3292: 3291: 3107:Sacred mysteries 2957: 2956: 2946: 2945: 2685: 2684: 2674: 2673: 2670: 2669: 2659:ethnic religions 2609: 2602: 2595: 2586: 2585: 2520:Related articles 2425:Pagan Federation 2415:Goddess movement 2395:Christo-Paganism 2285:Rodnovery (list) 2142: 2141: 1978: 1971: 1964: 1955: 1954: 1928: 1926: 1912: 1902:. Engage Russia. 1898:Marc Ira Hooks. 1895: 1883: 1873:. Lviv, Ukraine. 1866: 1848: 1838: 1836: 1812: 1806: 1800: 1794: 1788: 1782: 1776: 1770: 1761: 1755: 1744: 1738: 1732: 1726: 1720: 1714: 1708: 1707: 1687: 1678: 1677: 1676:. Lviv, Ukraine. 1669: 1660: 1659: 1654:. Archived from 1644: 1409: 1259:Yuman pisĕkhi - 952:Gods and spirits 922: 916: 910: 901: 895: 886: 872: 863: 857: 827: 821: 815: 809: 698: 666: 659: 652: 638: 637: 593:Tangra Mountains 470:Dastan Sarygulov 394:Manchu shamanism 389:Korean shamanism 271: 266: 256: 246: 239: 238: 220: 213: 202: 199: 193: 170: 162: 155: 148: 144: 141: 135: 133: 92: 68: 60: 49: 27: 26: 19: 4229: 4228: 4224: 4223: 4222: 4220: 4219: 4218: 4169: 4168: 4167: 4162: 4119: 4019:Myth and ritual 3939:Myth and ritual 3933: 3932: 3919: 3852: 3833: 3786:Turko-Mongolic 3645: 3626: 3619: 3618: 3605: 3501: 3480: 3406: 3387: 3297: 3278: 2951: 2932: 2801:Hindu mythology 2679: 2663: 2661: 2657: 2651: 2623: 2620:modern paganism 2613: 2583: 2578: 2515: 2486:Crypto-paganism 2465: 2378: 2129: 2066: 2040: 2004:Nature religion 1987: 1985:Modern paganism 1982: 1935: 1910: 1881: 1846: 1834: 1826:Vovina, Olessia 1821: 1816: 1815: 1807: 1803: 1795: 1791: 1783: 1779: 1771: 1764: 1756: 1747: 1739: 1735: 1731:, pp. 3–5. 1727: 1723: 1715: 1711: 1688: 1681: 1670: 1663: 1646: 1645: 1638: 1633: 1621: 1570: 1549: 1454: 1408:(Arabic: خمسة, 1384: 1375: 1366: 1364:World structure 1337: 1322: 1127:Shuitan - Satan 1005:" (strangler), 954: 929: 877:approach and a 875:nature religion 846:Catholic Church 798: 705:ethnic religion 670: 632: 562:Jengish Chokusu 557:Burkhan Khaldun 480:Galsan Tschinag 278:Eurasian Steppe 254: 244: 221: 210: 209: 208: 203: 197: 194: 184: 171: 156: 145: 139: 136: 99:"Vattisen Yaly" 93: 91: 81: 69: 28: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 4227: 4217: 4216: 4211: 4209:Chuvash people 4206: 4201: 4196: 4191: 4186: 4181: 4164: 4163: 4161: 4160: 4158:Virtuous pagan 4155: 4153:Religio licita 4150: 4145: 4140: 4135: 4129: 4127: 4121: 4120: 4118: 4117: 4115:Animal worship 4112: 4107: 4102: 4097: 4096: 4095: 4090: 4080: 4075: 4074: 4073: 4068: 4058: 4053: 4048: 4043: 4038: 4033: 4028: 4027: 4026: 4021: 4011: 4010: 4009: 4004: 3999: 3989: 3984: 3979: 3974: 3969: 3964: 3959: 3954: 3949: 3943: 3941: 3935: 3934: 3929: 3928: 3925: 3924: 3921: 3920: 3918: 3917: 3912: 3907: 3902: 3897: 3892: 3887: 3882: 3877: 3875:Feri Tradition 3872: 3867: 3861: 3854: 3853: 3843: 3842: 3839: 3838: 3835: 3834: 3832: 3831: 3830: 3829: 3824: 3819: 3814: 3809: 3799: 3798: 3797: 3792: 3784: 3779: 3774: 3769: 3764: 3759: 3754: 3749: 3744: 3739: 3734: 3729: 3728: 3727: 3722: 3717: 3707: 3706: 3705: 3700: 3690: 3685: 3684: 3683: 3678: 3670: 3669: 3668: 3663: 3654: 3647: 3646: 3631: 3629: 3621: 3620: 3615: 3614: 3611: 3610: 3607: 3606: 3604: 3603: 3598: 3593: 3588: 3583: 3578: 3573: 3568: 3563: 3558: 3553: 3548: 3543: 3542: 3541: 3536: 3531: 3526: 3516: 3510: 3503: 3502: 3490: 3489: 3486: 3485: 3482: 3481: 3479: 3478: 3477: 3476: 3471: 3466: 3461: 3456: 3451: 3441: 3436: 3431: 3426: 3421: 3415: 3408: 3407: 3397: 3396: 3393: 3392: 3389: 3388: 3386: 3385: 3380: 3375: 3374: 3373: 3363: 3362: 3361: 3356: 3346: 3345: 3344: 3339: 3329: 3328: 3327: 3317: 3312: 3306: 3299: 3298: 3288: 3287: 3284: 3283: 3280: 3279: 3277: 3276: 3275: 3274: 3269: 3264: 3259: 3249: 3244: 3239: 3238: 3237: 3232: 3227: 3222: 3217: 3207: 3206: 3205: 3200: 3195: 3185: 3180: 3175: 3174: 3173: 3168: 3163: 3155: 3154: 3153: 3148: 3143: 3138: 3128: 3127: 3126: 3125: 3124: 3119: 3114: 3104: 3099: 3089: 3088: 3087: 3082: 3077: 3072: 3062: 3057: 3056: 3055: 3045: 3044: 3043: 3038: 3033: 3028: 3020: 3015: 3014: 3013: 3008: 3003: 2993: 2988: 2987: 2986: 2981: 2976: 2966: 2960: 2953: 2952: 2942: 2941: 2938: 2937: 2934: 2933: 2931: 2930: 2925: 2920: 2915: 2910: 2905: 2900: 2895: 2890: 2885: 2880: 2875: 2873:Tibeto-Burmese 2870: 2865: 2860: 2855: 2850: 2845: 2840: 2835: 2830: 2825: 2820: 2815: 2814: 2813: 2803: 2798: 2793: 2788: 2783: 2778: 2777: 2776: 2766: 2761: 2756: 2755: 2754: 2744: 2739: 2734: 2729: 2724: 2719: 2714: 2709: 2704: 2699: 2694: 2688: 2681: 2680: 2667: 2665: 2662:(existing and 2653: 2652: 2650: 2649: 2644: 2639: 2634: 2628: 2625: 2624: 2612: 2611: 2604: 2597: 2589: 2580: 2579: 2577: 2576: 2571: 2566: 2561: 2560: 2559: 2549: 2544: 2539: 2534: 2529: 2523: 2521: 2517: 2516: 2514: 2513: 2508: 2506:Technopaganism 2503: 2498: 2493: 2491:Discrimination 2488: 2483: 2477: 2475: 2471: 2470: 2467: 2466: 2464: 2463: 2458: 2453: 2448: 2443: 2433: 2432: 2427: 2422: 2417: 2412: 2407: 2402: 2397: 2392: 2386: 2384: 2380: 2379: 2377: 2376: 2365: 2364: 2359: 2358: 2357: 2352: 2347: 2342: 2337: 2332: 2322: 2321: 2320: 2313:Turko-Mongolic 2310: 2309: 2308: 2301: 2294: 2287: 2277: 2272: 2267: 2262: 2257: 2256: 2255: 2243: 2238: 2237: 2236: 2229: 2217: 2216: 2215: 2210: 2200: 2195: 2194: 2193: 2186: 2174: 2169: 2164: 2163: 2162: 2157: 2148: 2146: 2139: 2131: 2130: 2128: 2127: 2126: 2125: 2115: 2113:United Kingdom 2110: 2105: 2100: 2095: 2090: 2085: 2080: 2074: 2072: 2068: 2067: 2065: 2064: 2059: 2054: 2048: 2046: 2042: 2041: 2039: 2038: 2033: 2028: 2023: 2018: 2017: 2016: 2006: 2001: 1995: 1993: 1989: 1988: 1981: 1980: 1973: 1966: 1958: 1952: 1951: 1946: 1941: 1934: 1933:External links 1931: 1930: 1929: 1903: 1896: 1874: 1867: 1857:(3): 239–243. 1839: 1820: 1817: 1814: 1813: 1801: 1789: 1777: 1762: 1745: 1733: 1721: 1709: 1698:(3): 239–243. 1679: 1661: 1658:on 2009-08-15. 1635: 1634: 1632: 1629: 1628: 1627: 1620: 1617: 1612: 1611: 1608: 1605: 1602: 1599: 1596: 1593: 1590: 1587: 1584: 1581: 1578: 1569: 1566: 1548: 1545: 1488:hĕrlĕ çyra... 1453: 1450: 1388:Chămka kăvakal 1383: 1382:World creation 1380: 1374: 1371: 1365: 1362: 1336: 1333: 1321: 1318: 1301: 1300: 1296: 1295: 1288: 1287: 1280: 1273: 1272: 1265: 1264: 1256: 1255: 1254:(tree of kind) 1247: 1246: 1238: 1237: 1233: 1232: 1223:Constellations 1220: 1219: 1215: 1214: 1210: 1209: 1205: 1204: 1200: 1199: 1195: 1194: 1190: 1189: 1149: 1148: 1144: 1143: 1139: 1138: 1134: 1133: 1129: 1128: 1124: 1123: 1119: 1118: 1114: 1113: 1109: 1108: 1104: 1103: 1099: 1098: 1094: 1093: 1089: 1088: 1079: 1078: 1074: 1073: 1069: 1068: 1064: 1063: 1059: 1058: 1054: 1053: 1049: 1048: 1044: 1043: 1039: 1038: 1034: 1033: 1029: 1028: 1024: 1023: 1013:" and so on. 953: 950: 928: 925: 842:mother goddess 797: 794: 709:Chuvash people 672: 671: 669: 668: 661: 654: 646: 643: 642: 629: 628: 627: 626: 621: 616: 614:Heaven worship 608: 607: 603: 602: 601: 600: 598:Tengger Desert 595: 590: 582: 581: 577: 576: 575: 574: 569: 564: 559: 554: 546: 545: 541: 540: 539: 538: 533: 528: 516: 515: 511: 510: 509: 508: 503: 498: 490: 489: 485: 484: 483: 482: 477: 472: 467: 462: 460:Grigory Gurkin 457: 455:Shagdaryn Bira 452: 447: 439: 438: 434: 433: 432: 431: 426: 421: 416: 411: 406: 401: 396: 391: 386: 378: 377: 373: 372: 371: 370: 363: 358: 353: 348: 343: 335: 334: 328: 327: 326: 325: 320: 312: 311: 307: 306: 305: 304: 296: 295: 291: 290: 268: 267: 259: 258: 250: 249: 223: 222: 205: 204: 174: 172: 165: 158: 157: 140:September 2012 72: 70: 63: 58: 32: 31: 29: 22: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4226: 4215: 4212: 4210: 4207: 4205: 4202: 4200: 4197: 4195: 4192: 4190: 4187: 4185: 4182: 4180: 4177: 4176: 4174: 4159: 4156: 4154: 4151: 4149: 4146: 4144: 4141: 4139: 4136: 4134: 4131: 4130: 4128: 4126: 4122: 4116: 4113: 4111: 4108: 4106: 4103: 4101: 4098: 4094: 4091: 4089: 4086: 4085: 4084: 4081: 4079: 4076: 4072: 4069: 4067: 4064: 4063: 4062: 4059: 4057: 4054: 4052: 4049: 4047: 4044: 4042: 4039: 4037: 4036:Reincarnation 4034: 4032: 4029: 4025: 4022: 4020: 4017: 4016: 4015: 4012: 4008: 4005: 4003: 4000: 3998: 3995: 3994: 3993: 3990: 3988: 3985: 3983: 3980: 3978: 3975: 3973: 3970: 3968: 3965: 3963: 3960: 3958: 3955: 3953: 3950: 3948: 3945: 3944: 3942: 3940: 3936: 3916: 3913: 3911: 3908: 3906: 3903: 3901: 3898: 3896: 3893: 3891: 3888: 3886: 3883: 3881: 3878: 3876: 3873: 3871: 3868: 3866: 3863: 3862: 3859: 3855: 3848: 3844: 3828: 3825: 3823: 3820: 3818: 3815: 3813: 3810: 3808: 3805: 3804: 3803: 3800: 3796: 3795:Vattisen Yaly 3793: 3791: 3788: 3787: 3785: 3783: 3780: 3778: 3775: 3773: 3770: 3768: 3765: 3763: 3760: 3758: 3755: 3753: 3750: 3748: 3745: 3743: 3740: 3738: 3735: 3733: 3730: 3726: 3723: 3721: 3718: 3716: 3713: 3712: 3711: 3708: 3704: 3701: 3699: 3696: 3695: 3694: 3691: 3689: 3686: 3682: 3679: 3677: 3674: 3673: 3671: 3667: 3664: 3662: 3659: 3658: 3656: 3655: 3652: 3648: 3644: 3639: 3635: 3630: 3628: 3622: 3602: 3599: 3597: 3594: 3592: 3589: 3587: 3584: 3582: 3579: 3577: 3574: 3572: 3569: 3567: 3564: 3562: 3559: 3557: 3554: 3552: 3549: 3547: 3544: 3540: 3537: 3535: 3532: 3530: 3527: 3525: 3522: 3521: 3520: 3517: 3515: 3512: 3511: 3508: 3504: 3500: 3495: 3491: 3475: 3472: 3470: 3467: 3465: 3462: 3460: 3457: 3455: 3452: 3450: 3449:Cook Islander 3447: 3446: 3445: 3442: 3440: 3437: 3435: 3432: 3430: 3427: 3425: 3422: 3420: 3417: 3416: 3413: 3409: 3402: 3398: 3384: 3381: 3379: 3376: 3372: 3369: 3368: 3367: 3364: 3360: 3357: 3355: 3352: 3351: 3350: 3347: 3343: 3340: 3338: 3335: 3334: 3333: 3330: 3326: 3323: 3322: 3321: 3318: 3316: 3313: 3311: 3308: 3307: 3304: 3300: 3293: 3289: 3273: 3270: 3268: 3265: 3263: 3260: 3258: 3257:Baltic Finnic 3255: 3254: 3253: 3250: 3248: 3245: 3243: 3240: 3236: 3233: 3231: 3228: 3226: 3225:Imperial cult 3223: 3221: 3218: 3216: 3213: 3212: 3211: 3208: 3204: 3201: 3199: 3196: 3194: 3191: 3190: 3189: 3186: 3184: 3181: 3179: 3176: 3172: 3169: 3167: 3164: 3162: 3159: 3158: 3156: 3152: 3149: 3147: 3144: 3142: 3139: 3137: 3134: 3133: 3132: 3129: 3123: 3120: 3118: 3115: 3113: 3110: 3109: 3108: 3105: 3103: 3100: 3098: 3095: 3094: 3093: 3090: 3086: 3083: 3081: 3078: 3076: 3073: 3071: 3068: 3067: 3066: 3063: 3061: 3058: 3054: 3051: 3050: 3049: 3046: 3042: 3039: 3037: 3034: 3032: 3029: 3027: 3024: 3023: 3021: 3019: 3016: 3012: 3009: 3007: 3004: 3002: 2999: 2998: 2997: 2994: 2992: 2989: 2985: 2982: 2980: 2977: 2975: 2972: 2971: 2970: 2967: 2965: 2962: 2961: 2958: 2954: 2947: 2943: 2929: 2926: 2924: 2921: 2919: 2916: 2914: 2911: 2909: 2906: 2904: 2901: 2899: 2896: 2894: 2891: 2889: 2886: 2884: 2881: 2879: 2876: 2874: 2871: 2869: 2866: 2864: 2861: 2859: 2856: 2854: 2851: 2849: 2846: 2844: 2841: 2839: 2836: 2834: 2831: 2829: 2826: 2824: 2821: 2819: 2816: 2812: 2809: 2808: 2807: 2804: 2802: 2799: 2797: 2794: 2792: 2789: 2787: 2786:Sunda Wiwitan 2784: 2782: 2779: 2775: 2772: 2771: 2770: 2767: 2765: 2762: 2760: 2757: 2753: 2750: 2749: 2748: 2745: 2743: 2740: 2738: 2735: 2733: 2730: 2728: 2725: 2723: 2722:Austroasiatic 2720: 2718: 2715: 2713: 2710: 2708: 2705: 2703: 2700: 2698: 2695: 2693: 2690: 2689: 2686: 2682: 2675: 2671: 2666: 2660: 2654: 2648: 2645: 2643: 2640: 2638: 2635: 2633: 2630: 2629: 2626: 2621: 2617: 2610: 2605: 2603: 2598: 2596: 2591: 2590: 2587: 2575: 2572: 2570: 2567: 2565: 2562: 2558: 2555: 2554: 2553: 2550: 2548: 2545: 2543: 2540: 2538: 2535: 2533: 2530: 2528: 2525: 2524: 2522: 2518: 2512: 2509: 2507: 2504: 2502: 2501:Pagan studies 2499: 2497: 2494: 2492: 2489: 2487: 2484: 2482: 2479: 2478: 2476: 2472: 2462: 2459: 2457: 2454: 2452: 2449: 2447: 2446:Cochranianism 2444: 2442: 2438: 2435: 2434: 2431: 2428: 2426: 2423: 2421: 2418: 2416: 2413: 2411: 2408: 2406: 2403: 2401: 2398: 2396: 2393: 2391: 2388: 2387: 2385: 2381: 2375: 2371: 2367: 2366: 2363: 2360: 2356: 2353: 2351: 2348: 2346: 2343: 2341: 2338: 2336: 2333: 2331: 2328: 2327: 2326: 2323: 2319: 2316: 2315: 2314: 2311: 2307: 2306: 2302: 2300: 2299: 2295: 2293: 2292: 2288: 2286: 2283: 2282: 2281: 2278: 2276: 2273: 2271: 2268: 2266: 2263: 2261: 2258: 2254: 2253: 2249: 2248: 2247: 2244: 2242: 2239: 2235: 2234: 2230: 2228: 2227: 2223: 2222: 2221: 2218: 2214: 2211: 2209: 2206: 2205: 2204: 2201: 2199: 2196: 2192: 2191: 2187: 2185: 2184: 2180: 2179: 2178: 2175: 2173: 2170: 2168: 2165: 2161: 2158: 2156: 2153: 2152: 2150: 2149: 2147: 2143: 2140: 2137: 2132: 2124: 2121: 2120: 2119: 2118:United States 2116: 2114: 2111: 2109: 2106: 2104: 2101: 2099: 2096: 2094: 2091: 2089: 2086: 2084: 2081: 2079: 2076: 2075: 2073: 2069: 2063: 2060: 2058: 2055: 2053: 2050: 2049: 2047: 2043: 2037: 2034: 2032: 2029: 2027: 2024: 2022: 2019: 2015: 2012: 2011: 2010: 2007: 2005: 2002: 2000: 1997: 1996: 1994: 1990: 1986: 1979: 1974: 1972: 1967: 1965: 1960: 1959: 1956: 1950: 1947: 1945: 1942: 1940: 1937: 1936: 1925: 1920: 1917:: 2466–2472. 1916: 1909: 1904: 1901: 1897: 1893: 1889: 1888: 1880: 1875: 1872: 1868: 1864: 1860: 1856: 1852: 1845: 1840: 1833: 1832: 1827: 1823: 1822: 1810: 1805: 1799:, p. 11. 1798: 1793: 1786: 1781: 1774: 1769: 1767: 1759: 1754: 1752: 1750: 1742: 1737: 1730: 1725: 1718: 1713: 1705: 1701: 1697: 1693: 1686: 1684: 1675: 1668: 1666: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1643: 1641: 1636: 1626: 1623: 1622: 1616: 1609: 1606: 1603: 1600: 1597: 1594: 1591: 1588: 1585: 1582: 1579: 1576: 1575: 1574: 1565: 1561: 1557: 1553: 1544: 1540: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1512: 1508: 1504: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1478: 1475: 1471: 1468: 1461: 1457: 1449: 1445: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1419: 1416: 1414: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1394: 1389: 1379: 1370: 1361: 1353: 1349: 1345: 1341: 1332: 1329: 1326: 1317: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1305: 1298: 1297: 1294: 1290: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1279: 1275: 1274: 1271: 1267: 1266: 1262: 1258: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1248: 1244: 1240: 1239: 1235: 1234: 1230: 1229: 1228: 1225: 1224: 1217: 1216: 1212: 1211: 1207: 1206: 1202: 1201: 1197: 1196: 1192: 1191: 1187: 1186: 1185: 1184: 1180: 1176: 1173: 1171: 1167: 1162: 1158: 1154: 1153: 1146: 1145: 1141: 1140: 1136: 1135: 1131: 1130: 1126: 1125: 1121: 1120: 1116: 1115: 1111: 1110: 1106: 1105: 1101: 1100: 1096: 1095: 1091: 1090: 1086: 1085: 1084: 1083: 1076: 1075: 1071: 1070: 1066: 1065: 1061: 1060: 1056: 1055: 1051: 1050: 1046: 1045: 1041: 1040: 1036: 1035: 1031: 1030: 1026: 1025: 1021: 1020: 1019: 1018: 1014: 1012: 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 992: 988: 983: 979: 975: 971: 967: 966:Universal God 963: 962:Tĕncheri Tură 958: 949: 947: 944:( ‏𐱅𐰭𐰼𐰃‎ 943: 939: 933: 924: 921: 915: 909: 903: 900: 894: 888: 885: 880: 876: 871: 865: 862: 856: 851: 847: 843: 838: 833: 831: 826: 820: 814: 808: 803: 793: 789: 787: 786:Baltic states 783: 779: 773: 771: 767: 764: 760: 757: 753: 749: 745: 744:Indo-European 741: 737: 733: 728: 726: 722: 718: 715:ethnicity of 714: 710: 706: 702: 697:Ваттисен йӑли 694: 690: 689:Vattisen Yaly 683: 678: 667: 662: 660: 655: 653: 648: 647: 645: 644: 641: 636: 631: 630: 625: 622: 620: 617: 615: 612: 611: 610: 609: 605: 604: 599: 596: 594: 591: 589: 586: 585: 584: 583: 579: 578: 573: 570: 568: 565: 563: 560: 558: 555: 553: 550: 549: 548: 547: 543: 542: 537: 534: 532: 529: 527: 523: 520: 519: 518: 517: 513: 512: 507: 504: 502: 499: 497: 494: 493: 492: 491: 487: 486: 481: 478: 476: 473: 471: 468: 466: 463: 461: 458: 456: 453: 451: 448: 446: 443: 442: 441: 440: 436: 435: 430: 427: 425: 422: 420: 417: 415: 412: 410: 407: 405: 402: 400: 397: 395: 392: 390: 387: 385: 382: 381: 380: 379: 375: 374: 369: 368: 364: 362: 361:Vattisen Yaly 359: 357: 354: 352: 349: 347: 344: 342: 339: 338: 337: 336: 333: 330: 329: 324: 321: 319: 316: 315: 314: 313: 309: 308: 303: 300: 299: 298: 297: 294:Supreme deity 293: 292: 287: 283: 279: 275: 274:Central Asian 270: 269: 265: 261: 260: 257: 252: 251: 247: 241: 240: 234: 229: 219: 216: 201: 191: 187: 182: 178: 175:This article 173: 169: 164: 163: 154: 151: 143: 132: 129: 125: 122: 118: 115: 111: 108: 104: 101: – 100: 96: 95:Find sources: 89: 85: 79: 78: 73:This article 71: 67: 62: 61: 56: 54: 47: 46: 41: 40: 35: 30: 21: 20: 4148:Neoplatonism 4088:Tree of life 4051:Sacred grove 3952:Bear worship 3905:Neoshamanism 3794: 3767:Zalmoxianism 3720:Adyghe Habze 3625:Modern pagan 3332:Mesopotamian 3188:Paleo-Balkan 3122:Samothracian 3001:Old Prussian 2898:Bongthingism 2542:Neotribalism 2368:Interfaith: 2303: 2296: 2289: 2250: 2231: 2224: 2188: 2181: 2108:South Africa 2014:Neoshamanism 1914: 1899: 1891: 1885: 1870: 1854: 1850: 1830: 1819:Bibliography 1804: 1792: 1780: 1775:, p. 9. 1760:, p. 8. 1743:, p. 7. 1736: 1724: 1719:, p. 2. 1712: 1695: 1691: 1673: 1656:the original 1651: 1613: 1571: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1547:Ritual games 1541: 1537: 1533: 1529: 1525: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1486: 1482: 1479: 1476: 1472: 1469: 1466: 1455: 1446: 1443: 1439: 1435: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1420: 1417: 1412: 1405: 1401: 1397: 1391: 1387: 1385: 1376: 1367: 1358: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1330: 1327: 1323: 1314: 1313: 1309: 1306: 1302: 1261:Orion's belt 1226: 1222: 1221: 1182: 1181: 1177: 1174: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1150: 1081: 1080: 1016: 1015: 1010: 1006: 1002: 998: 994: 990: 986: 981: 977: 973: 969: 965: 961: 959: 955: 945: 934: 930: 904: 889: 866: 834: 799: 790: 778:Soviet Union 774: 729: 688: 687: 681: 445:Askar Akayev 365: 360: 232: 211: 195: 186:You can help 176: 146: 137: 127: 120: 113: 106: 94: 82:Please help 77:verification 74: 50: 43: 37: 36:Please help 33: 3757:Italo-Roman 3661:Ausar Auset 3429:Micronesian 3220:Gallo-Roman 3070:Anglo-Saxon 2868:Satsana Phi 2752:Momolianism 2656:Historical 2637:Panentheism 2537:Hermeticism 2155:Ausar Auset 2134:Movements ( 2103:Scandinavia 1809:Vovina 2000 1797:Vovina 2000 1785:Vovina 2000 1773:Vovina 2000 1758:Vovina 2000 1741:Vovina 2000 1729:Vovina 2000 1717:Vovina 2000 879:pantheistic 736:Finno-Ugric 588:Khan Tengri 567:Otgontenger 544:Holy places 450:Nihal Atsız 356:Tengir Ordo 280:and partly 4173:Categories 4110:Witchcraft 4093:World tree 4031:Orthopraxy 3880:Stregheria 3827:Udmurt Vos 3790:Burkhanism 3698:Dievturība 3676:Mexicayotl 3444:Polynesian 3424:Melanesian 3419:Australian 3337:Babylonian 3151:Lusitanian 3146:Gallaecian 3136:Cantabrian 3112:Eleusinian 3026:Circassian 3022:Caucasian 3011:Lithuanian 2928:Sanamahism 2908:Donyi-Polo 2769:Philippine 2747:Kaharingan 2732:Vietnamese 2647:Polytheism 2557:Burkhanism 2474:In society 2461:Stregheria 2456:Reclaiming 1992:Approaches 1631:References 1511:of Simek. 1410:romanized: 1278:Ursa Minor 1270:Big Dipper 1243:polar star 1198:Very Sĕlen 1193:Ashapatman 978:shiv turri 932:rituals. 514:Scriptures 346:Burkhanism 341:Aiyy Faith 286:East Asian 198:March 2024 110:newspapers 39:improve it 4199:Tengriism 4061:Sacrifice 4056:Holy well 4024:Mythology 4007:Stone row 3817:Hungarian 3747:Hellenism 3742:Heathenry 3710:Caucasian 3672:American 3666:Godianism 3627:movements 3359:Canaanite 3262:Hungarian 3230:Mithraism 3161:Camunnian 3102:Hero cult 2969:Anatolian 2883:Benzhuism 2878:Bathouism 2806:Dravidian 2737:Indonesia 2707:Mongolian 2642:Pantheism 2569:Theosophy 2527:Ariosophy 2481:Criticism 2420:Ivanovism 2383:Syncretic 2340:Hungarian 2167:Heathenry 2160:Godianism 2123:Minnesota 2078:Australia 1518:boilers. 1213:Kuygarash 1001:- Tatar " 748:Islamised 721:Chuvashia 619:Sky deity 531:Irk Bitig 332:Movements 190:talk page 45:talk page 3992:Megalith 3982:Idolatry 3977:Folklore 3807:Estonian 3762:Kemetism 3737:Canarian 3688:Armenian 3657:African 3576:Malagasy 3546:Dahomean 3524:Bushongo 3469:Tahitian 3464:Rapa Nui 3454:Hawaiian 3342:Sumerian 3320:Egyptian 3242:Scythian 3203:Thracian 3198:Illyrian 3166:Ligurian 3075:Frankish 3065:Germanic 3060:Etruscan 3036:Ossetian 3031:Georgian 2991:Armenian 2984:Phrygian 2964:Albanian 2950:European 2918:Kiratism 2838:Ryukyuan 2796:Hinduism 2742:Parmalim 2727:Sarnaism 2712:Tengrism 2664:extinct) 2616:Paganism 2330:Estonian 2265:Hellenic 2260:Germanic 2246:Egyptian 2203:Caucasic 2183:Dievturi 2172:Armenian 2151:African 1999:Eclectic 1828:(2000). 1619:See also 1452:Holidays 1284:Pleiades 1250:Yuman - 1208:Shorgons 1203:Pireshti 1082:Harmful: 1009:- Arab " 964:" - the 899:keremets 893:keremets 850:monistic 837:theology 763:Germanic 756:Estonian 752:Neopagan 732:Tengrism 580:Toponyms 429:Ông Trời 323:Mongolic 288:religion 282:Siberian 255:Tengrism 245:a series 242:Part of 3962:Tumulus 3890:Druidry 3822:Mordvin 3812:Finnish 3777:Semitic 3725:Uatsdin 3586:Odinani 3566:Lugbara 3434:Nauruan 3371:Persian 3366:Iranian 3354:Arabian 3349:Semitic 3315:Hurrian 3183:Nuragic 3171:Umbrian 3157:Italic 3131:Iberian 3041:Vainakh 3006:Latvian 2974:Hittite 2903:Burmese 2888:Bimoism 2823:Punjabi 2791:Chinese 2774:Tagalog 2759:Kejawèn 2632:Animism 2564:Thelema 2390:Adonism 2350:Mordvin 2335:Finnish 2305:Ynglism 2291:RUNVira 2275:Semitic 2226:Druidry 2098:Ireland 2093:Hungary 2062:Temples 2026:Secular 2009:New Age 1373:Beliefs 1320:Priests 1188:Astakha 1166:Shuitan 1007:Shuitan 999:Albasta 995:Vampire 982:syvlash 946:*teŋri) 884:Keremet 861:Aramchi 807:Sardash 766:Thunraz 707:of the 703:of the 693:Chuvash 682:keremet 624:Animism 552:Belukha 496:Qam/böö 488:Priests 233:Keremet 124:scholar 4105:Virtue 4066:animal 4046:Ritual 4002:Menhir 3997:Dolmen 3802:Uralic 3782:Slavic 3772:Romani 3732:Celtic 3715:Abkhaz 3703:Romuva 3693:Baltic 3643:Ethnic 3601:Somali 3571:Maasai 3474:Tongan 3439:Papuan 3378:Berber 3325:Nubian 3252:Uralic 3247:Slavic 3215:Cybele 3193:Dacian 3178:Minoan 3141:Castro 3117:Orphic 3080:Gothic 3048:Celtic 3018:Basque 2996:Baltic 2979:Lydian 2913:Heraka 2843:Korean 2833:Shinto 2818:Kalash 2781:Marapu 2717:Turkic 2702:Manchu 2697:Altaic 2355:Udmurt 2325:Uralic 2280:Slavic 2220:Celtic 2208:Abkhaz 2190:Romuva 2177:Baltic 2145:Ethnic 2088:Greece 1413:khamsa 1406:hamsa" 1335:Temple 1218:Semruk 1003:Al bas 993:(eng. 942:Tengri 920:pekhel 908:ialzri 855:El'men 796:Groups 770:Tengri 761:, the 740:Slavic 725:Russia 717:Bulgar 713:Turkic 522:Orkhon 506:Mudang 501:Táltos 437:People 404:Shinto 318:Turkic 302:Tengri 188:. The 126: 119: 112: 105: 97: 4100:Totem 4071:human 3972:Ethos 3885:Wicca 3851:Other 3752:Hindu 3596:Serer 3581:Mbuti 3561:Hausa 3551:Dinka 3529:Kongo 3519:Bantu 3459:Māori 3383:Punic 3210:Roman 3092:Greek 3085:Norse 3053:Irish 2923:Qiang 2828:Vedic 2811:Tamil 2764:Malay 2678:Asian 2618:(and 2441:Wicca 2362:Zuism 2270:Roman 2233:Wicca 2057:Music 1911:(PDF) 1882:(PDF) 1847:(PDF) 1835:(PDF) 1526:Rites 1293:Venus 1252:Orion 1170:Satan 1017:Kind: 1011:Satan 991:Upyr' 987:Vupăr 870:Turas 825:Sarat 759:Taara 572:Ovoos 536:Epics 414:Wuism 131:JSTOR 117:books 4014:Myth 3957:Blót 3556:Efik 3539:Zulu 3534:Lozi 3514:Akan 3272:Sami 3267:Mari 2858:Ahom 2848:Miao 2692:Ainu 2451:Feri 2345:Mari 2318:list 2136:list 1894:(2). 1402:Yăva 1398:Atăm 1152:Idol 890:The 813:sara 738:and 711:, a 524:and 367:list 231:The 103:news 3591:San 2893:Bon 2853:Tai 1919:doi 1859:doi 1700:doi 1415:). 1390:" ( 997:), 974:Ama 970:Aşa 914:pil 830:Sun 819:Sar 419:Bön 86:by 4175:: 2863:Mo 2439:: 2372:· 1913:. 1892:17 1890:. 1884:. 1855:23 1853:. 1849:. 1765:^ 1748:^ 1696:23 1694:. 1682:^ 1664:^ 1650:. 1639:^ 948:. 917:, 832:. 822:, 772:. 727:. 695:: 680:A 272:A 248:on 48:. 2622:) 2608:e 2601:t 2594:v 2138:) 1977:e 1970:t 1963:v 1927:. 1921:: 1865:. 1861:: 1706:. 1702:: 1286:) 1168:( 938:天 691:( 665:e 658:t 651:v 284:– 276:– 218:) 212:( 200:) 196:( 183:. 153:) 147:( 142:) 138:( 128:· 121:· 114:· 107:· 80:. 55:) 51:(

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index